Unit 5 Notes: The Earth-Moon-Sun System Part 1: Seasons The sun is our nearest _________. ________ of the sun keeps the Earth connected to it and creates an __________, a path an object follows as it moves around another object. Earth has two motions as it moves around the sun: ______________ - the motion of a body travelling around another body in space

1 revolution = ___________ ______________ - the spinning motion of an object

1 rotation = ___________ Reasons for seasons: 1. _______ of Earth’s axis- the axis is at a ________________ angle, goes through the _______, and

always points towards the _________ __________. 2. Earth’s ______________ around the sun-

a. When Earth’s axis points _________ the sun, it causes __________ in the Northern H. and winter in the Southern H. Caused from more _________ rays, causing __________ days

b. When Earth’s axis points _________ the sun, it causes _________ in the Northern H. summer in the Southern H. Caused from more _________ rays, causing _________ days.

3. The _______ _________ always points in the same direction

We DO NOT have seasons because of the distance between the Earth and the sun!

Solstice- when the Earth’s rotation axis is _______ toward or away from the sun. This creates the __________ and _________ day of the year. Summer solstice is the longest day and happens on the _________________________. Winter solstice is the shortest day of the year and happens on the _________________________. Equinox- when the Earth’s rotation axis is neither pointing _______ nor _________ the sun. This causes exactly ______ hours of sunlight in both hemispheres and happens on ___________________ and ________________________.

Part 2: Phases of the Moon The moon goes through 8 different phases as it revolves around the Earth. A full cycle takes ____________ to complete and moves counter-clockwise.

Waxing means __________, the light is seen on the ________ side of the moon during this time. Waning means __________, the light is seen on the ________ side of the moon during this time. Part 3: Eclipses and Tides Solar eclipse is when the ___________ is between the Earth and the sun. Lunar eclipse is when the ___________ is between the sun and the moon.

Tides are the daily ________ and ________ of Earth’s ocean waters. Tides are caused by the _________________ pull of the ______ and ________ on Earth, which causes the ocean’s waters to be pulled towards them. Tides can be predicted ______________.

Spring tide is when the moon and the sun are in _______ line with each other, resulting in a high tidal range (difference between high and low).

Neap tide is when the moon and the sun are at _________ angles, resulting in a low tidal range. The reason for this is because the pulls

cancel each other out and causing a ________ pull.