Unit (2) Gulliver's Travels

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Language Notes1- tie to the groundthey tied Gulliver to the ground2- stop المفعول From + ing They tried to stop him from escaping.

3 – promise to + مصدر He promised me to study hard.4 – favourite مفضل / favour جميل / معروف favoured (with) ب موهوب / favourable

) ( سار مفرحWhat is your favourite subject?Can you do me a favour?He is favoured at football.I can tell you favourable news.Gulliver became favourite of the king. من / محبوب لدي مفضل 5 – belong to يخص This car belongs to my friend. = My friend owns this car.6 – work as a + فة وظي My brother works as a dentist.7 – beat يهزم / win يكسب يفوز / our team beats the other team 3;0.They won the last match.8 – steal شيء يسرق ) ( / rob شخص / من مكان يسرق The thief stole the money.The thief robbed the bank.The thief robbed Ali of his wallet.9 – make fun of = laugh at من يسخر Swift is making fun of European politics.

with my best wishes

Tape script

He was born in 1667 in Dublin, Ireland .This country belonged to England at that time. His father, who died before Jonathan was born, was Irish and his mother was English. Although he spent his early years in England, he returned to Ireland to go to school and university. He found work in England as a secretary to a retired diplomat. While he was working as a secretary, Swift started to write. He later had other jobs, working

Jonathan Swift

as a politician and a churchman, and he finally got an important job at St. Patrick's Cathedral in Dublin.

In 1726, Gulliver's Travels was published and became a great success. Different people have different explanations for this. To some, it was imaginative children's story, to others it was a clever commentary on the politics of the day. Some people today see it as the first science fiction novel. This book succeeds because it has different meanings. Jonathan wrote other books, but none were as successful as Gulliver's Travels. Jonathan died in 1745.

Grammar Conjunctions

1-Ways of saying (and) Besides/as well as/in addition to + او اسم (v+ing) In addition + جمله كاملة

He played tennis. He watched TV.He played tennis and watched TV.He played football besides watching TV.He played football as well as watching TV.He played football in addition to watching TV.He played football in addition he watched TV.

الحظ التعبيرات اآلتية + فاعل not only + ,----------------------- فعل but + + الفاعل also----------------+ not only + فاعل but +----------------------- as ,---------------------- فعل wellShe not only arrived late , but she also forgot her books.=She not only arrived late , but she forgot her books as well.

)Not only (مالحظة (اذا بدأت الجملة ) ب Not Only + فعل + فاعPPPPPPPPل + فعPPPPPPPPل مسPPPPPPPPاعد ------, but------------------------------.Not only did she arrive late, but she also forgot her books.

مالحظات هامة بين فاعلين مختلفين : ) as well as(اذا ربطت -1

الفعل (يتبع الفاعل األول ) + الفاعل الثاني + as well as + الفاعل األول-------.

I am a teacher . Ali is a teacher . (as well as)I, as well as, Ali am a teacher.

بين فاعلين : ) Both-----and(اذا ربطت -2Both + الفاعل and + الفعل (يكون دائماُ جمع ) + الفاعلAsmaa is absent. Salim is absent. (Both)Both Asmaa and Salim are absent.

بين فاعلين فإن الفعل يتبع)Either---or (أو )Neither-------nor P(اذا ربطت -3أقرب فاعل

Neither+ فاعل + nor + الفعل (يتبع أقرب فاعل ) + فاعل Either + فاعل + or + الفعل (يتبع أقرب فاعل ) + الفاعلSoha is not a doctor. I am not a doctor. (Neither)Neither Soha nor I am a doctor.

وبعدين نشوف الجملة دي : Ahmad doesn't read. Ahmad doesn't write. (neither)1 - -----------------------------------------------------------2 - Neither--------------------------------------------------

ويكون بعدها الفعل دائماُ مفرد ) Either of them( يمكن استخدام التعبير – 4My brothers help me . My father helps me.Either my brothers or my father helps me.Either of them helps me. 2-Ways of showing purpose روابط تعبر عن الغرض ومعناها لكي

He went to the island to help the people.He went to the island in order to help the people.He went to the island in the hope of helping the people.He went to the island so that he could help the people.

مالحظه هامة جداُ بدال من اي من الروابط السابقة ) because(اذا طلب استخدام

She studied hard so that she could get high marks. (because)She studied hard because she wanted to get high marks.3-Ways of saying (but)

To = in order to = so as to + مصدر = in the hope of + V + ing So that= in order that= in the hope that + فاعل + can /could مصدر +

روابط التناقض

1 - Although he works hard he earns little money.= He earns little money although/though/even though he works hard.He works hard ,but/yet/however he earns little money.2 – Although he is rich, he is unhappy.However rich he is , he is unhappy.Whatever mistakes he did , we forgave him.Hard as he works, he earns little money.

الروابط السابقة تساوي الروابط اآلتية :

Although we played well , we lost the match. (in spite of)In spite of playing well, we lost the match.We lost the match despite playing well.

4-Ways of saying because روابط توضح السبب

He succeeded because he studied hard.They came late as there was a traffic jam.She will marry him since he is honest.He went to the doctor because of his illness/being ill.Owing to the fog, they had an accident.You can reach your goals through working hard.5-Ways of saying (so) روابط تعبر عن النتيجة

1 - Although/though/even though + ه كاملةPPجمل {but, yet, however)2-However + صفة + فاعل + فعل --------------------------3-What ever + اسم + فاعل + فعل -------------------------------------------------- فاعل + + فعل + as + صفه / حال-4

In spite of /despite/for all/regardless of/with all+ اسم /v+ing

because/as/since ------+ فاعل + فعل -----------------------because of /due to/owing to/thanks to/on account of/through / as a result of for + ing/اسم

so /therefore/consequently/that's why/as a result------+ + لPفاع فعل

It was raining so we didn't go out.He didn't have enough money therefore he didn't buy the mobile.He didn't arrive early as a result he missed the bus.6-Ways to express (if)

If you play well, you will win the match.You can drive my car as long as you have a license.In case I have time, I will visit my uncle.In case of having time, I will visit my uncle.If you don't hurry, you will be late. (Unless)Unless you hurry, you will be late.

معلومة هامة جداُ لتجنب تكرار الفعل في نفس الجملة نستخدم :

Ali likes fish and so do I .Ali doesn't like fish and neither do I .

Exercises On Unit (2)

1-Respond to each of the following situations:1-You want to know if your friend has watched his new DVD.2-You ask your friend his opinion of the New DVD.3-Your friend asks you about the country where Swift was born.4-Someone says that computer is very useful, you agree.2)Choose the correct answer:1-He worked hard----------------------he was over 80.a – because b-so c-and d-though2-He didn't go to school-------------------he was ill.a -due to b-owing to c-as d-so3-I couldn't get to sleep--------------------the noise.a-despite b-although c-owing to d-because4-We went out-----------------the rain.a –despite b-although c-because d-due to

If /provided that/as long as /in case + جملة كاملة In case of /with/by + اسم + v + ing

Unless= if + النفي

فعل مساعد/ناقص + فاعل + and so-------------------(حملة اثبات)-----------فعPل مسPاعد/ناقPص + + and neither-----------------(جملPة منفيPة)----------فاعل

5-She, ---------her cousins, is fond of swimming.a-besides b-and c-not only d-as well as6-My car broke down,------------------I will take a taxi.a-but b-therefore c-because d-as long as7-It started to rain,---------------we stopped playing.a-as b-because c-so d-however

8-Bravely--------he fought, he lost the game.a –however b-although c-as d-because9-He could beat me--------his old age.a-so as to b-although c-because d-despite10-Neither the students nor the teacher----------in the class.a-is b-are c-were d-has11-I, as well as, Rahma---------------------TV.a-watch b-watches c-is watching d-are watching12-Samy doesn't go to school and ------------------------I a-so do I b– so I do c– neither do I d–neither I do 13-Both virus C and cancer------------fatal effects on patients.a-have b-has c-is d–are14-He took a taxi-----------------he could reach the office early.a-so as to b-in order to c-so that d-to15-You won't go out-------------------you finish you homework first.a-if b-unless c-as long as d-without16-We all trust him-------------------he is honest.a-although b-because of c-so that d–since17-He did his best----------------------achieve his goal.a-because b-in order that c-however d-so as to18-I didn't get up early------------------I went to work late.a-although b-that's why c-owing to d-however19-She was tired, ----------------------she went to work.a-although b-due to c-therefore d-however20-They wouldn't have attended the party-----------you had invited them.a-because b-if c-unless d-so that21-Not only-----------call the waiter bad names, but he hit him as well.a-did he b–does he c-has he d-had he22- -------------------my assistant , he failed.a-In spite of b-Because c-Owing to d-Unless

4-Find and correct the mistakes:1-Jonathan Swift was born in Dublin, the larger city in Ireland.2-Ireland belonged from Britain at that time.3-Swift died on 1745 , at the age of 78.4-His most famous book was Gulliver's travels which were published in 1726.5-He also wrote other famous book, including A Modest Proposal.6-I like Gulliver's travels although Gulliver has exciting adventures.7-It is also very funny to reading about the small people of Lilliput.

5-Writing

Write a letter to your pen-friend Tom to tell him about yourself and family .Your name is Ahmad and you live at 33Oraby Street , Cairo.

6-TranslationA)translate into Arabic: Jonathan Swift was born in Dublin in 1667.His father was Irish, but his mother was English. While he was working as a secretary, he started to write. His great work was Gulliver's travels.

B)Translate into English:؟ قبل جليفرمن رحالت قرأت - هل1ُ أكون أن -أتمنى2 مشهورا. كاتبا. والتعاون الشجاعة مثل المهمة الصفات بعض تتمتع أن -يجب3

ماكان عدد الله سبحانيكون ما وعددالحركات وعددالسكون وعدد

واألخرين األولين في محمد سيدنا على صلي اللهم

After a storm at sea, Lemuel Gulliver , a ship's doctor, is shipwrecked on the island of Lilliput. The people of Lilliput are only 15 centimeters tall so they think Gulliver is a giant sent by their enemies from the neighbouring island of Belfusco.

They are so frightened, so they capture him and tie him to the ground to stop him from escaping. Gulliver tells the people his story and promises to help them in their fight against Belfusco. He soon becomes a favourite of the king . Gulliver then helps them to beat their enemies by stealing all their ships, but he doesn't agree with the idea of punishing the people of the island . This makes the king angry and decided that Gulliver must die . Luckily, a friend helps Gulliver to escape to Belfusco and he sails home.In this story Swift is making fun of European politics. The war between the islands represent the war between old enemies within Europe. Swift also makes fun of the ridiculous things politicians argue about. He shows this by giving the people of Lilliput small minds as well as small bodies. In the story , they can't agree about whether you should break a boiled egg at the big end or the small end .

On his second voyage , Gulliver sails to Brobdingnang, where the people

Gulliver's Voyage to Lilliput

Place :-----------------------Speaker A :------------------Speaker B :-------------------

Place :-----------------------Speaker A :------------------Speaker B :-------------------

are 18 metres tall . He has more exciting adventures. Only this time , Gulliver feels very small.

Exercises unit (2)

1 – Respond to each of the following situation:1- You ask your friend if he/she has watched the DVD he/she bought.2 – You want to know your friend's opinion of your new dress.3 – You want to borrow your friend's CD.4 – Your friend asks your opinion of his new mobile.2 – Say where these mini-dialogues take place and who the speakers are :1 – A : For homework, please do Exercises On page 13. B : Could you repeat that , please? A : Certainly . Exercises on page 13.

2 – A : How would you like to pay for it sir? B : By credit card , please. A : Fine, shall I put it in a bag? B : No , thanks it is starting to rain I will wear it now.

3 – Choose the correct answer :1 – I have a very important decision to ---------------next week.a – make b – have c – come d – do2 – Scientists are doing --------------into new kinds of energy.a – study b – research c – work d – experiment3 - ----------people live with their families before they are married.a – Single b – individual c – Alone d – Professional4 – Application forms often ask people about their------------status.a – married b – waiting c – marital d – famous5 – Magdi Yacoub is a famous heart --------------surgeon .

a – change b – move c – transport d – transplant

6 – Prophet Mohammad really ------------------a difference in human life.a – made b – did c – does d – making7 – My father is a ------------he works in politics.a – diplomat b – politician c – surgeon d – pilot8 – Can you give me an -----------why you come late ?a – example b – imagination c – explanation d – invitation9 - -----------I studied hard , I only scored 70 % on my exam.a – Although b – if c – Because d – However10 – It is ------------to think that horses can fly.a- famous b – ridiculous c – available d – traditional11 – Gulliver's Travels was ----------------in 1726.a – transported b – transplanted c – published d – sent12 – Giant means ------------------------a – foreigner b – very small c – very big d – tiny13 – He made fun of them , he ------------------them.a – helped b – laughed at c – killed d – photographed14 – Titanic sank on its first -------------after it hit an iceberg.a – voyage b – trip c – flight d – walk15 – My uncle works as a ---------------for an international oil company.a – representative b – servant c – porter d – doorman16 – This mobile belongs -------------Mrs. Hala.a – for b – with c – at d – to

4 – Find the mistakes and write the sentence correctly:1 – This car factory does parts of cars and buses.2 – Have you ever meet a famous person?3 – I prefers eating fish.4 – The children of our children are called grandparents.5 – She likes reading and neither do I .6 – I am a doctor, aren't you?5 – Read the passage then answer the questions:

On day , I was waiting for a friend in town when I saw two men. One was sitting on the pavement wearing old clothes . He had a hat in front of him. As people passed, he said ;" Can you give me money, please?" Some people threw coins into his hat, but most walked past. The other man, who was wearing a suit, stopped people and asked them politely to lend him money to buy petrol for his car. Most people happily gave him coins or notes. During the ten minutes I was watching him , he collected a lot of money . He put it all in his pocket, but didn't go to by petrol. I soon realized that both men just wanted money. The one in the old clothes needed money more than the one in the suit, but the one in the suit got more money . Isn't that strange?

A ) Answer the questions : 1 – How did the two men look different?2 – What did the man in the suit need money for?3 – What does the word most refer to in " but most walked past"?B ) Choose the correct answer from a , b , c , or d :4 – The hat was in front of the man because----------------a – It had fallen off his head.b – It was there on the pavement before he sat down.c – He put it there for people to throw money into.d – he had taken it off because it was a hot day.5 – The man in the suit didn't go to buy petrol because --------------a – there was already petrol in his car.b – he didn't have a car.c – he was going to buy petrol later.d – he had lied about why he needed money.

TranslationA ) Translate into Arabic :Egyptians are proud of Magdi Yacoub. Thanks to his high qualifications , he has become the pioneer of heart transplant operations. Though he is in his 70s , he is still making great efforts for the sake of children with heart problems.B ) Translate into English :

- أقوم اآلن بعمل بحث عن التكنولوجيا الحديثة 1 لم يسبق لى زيارة أي بلد أجنبي في أوربا أو أمريكا من قبل .– 2