Unit 2 Smart Cars

Text A Smart Cars

Text B Intelligent Vehicles

New Words and Expressions lucrative, presently, manufacture,

approximately, eliminate, alcohol,alert, radar, monotonous, gross, hazard, satellite, frequency, convert, capacity, correlate, obstruct

convert convert into / to 使转变，使……改变信仰 conversion 变换，转化 ; make a convert of sb. 使某人改变信仰； conver

t …into… 变成 European missionaries converted thousands to Ch

ristianity. She managed to convert him to her opinion. They converted the spare bedroom into an office.

shift 指位置或方向的移动、改变，如： to shift the chairs around in the room convert 指由一种形式或用途改变成另一种形式或 to convert crude oil into gasoline 变原油为汽油。 alter 最普通的用法是表示改衣服，使之合身，如：

She has to alter her clothes after losing weight. transform 指外貌、性格或性质的彻底改变，如： the process by which caterpillars( 毛虫 ) are transforme

d into butterflies These were stubborn men, not easily -------- to change t

heir mind. (CET-6, 2003. 9) A. tilted B. converted C persuaded D. suppres

sed

correlate have a mutual relationship or connection, 使相

互关联；和……相关 correlated 有 相 互 关 系 的 ； correlation

相互关系； correlative 相关的，关联的； correlativity 相互关系

correlate with 与……有关系，与……关联； correlate to 使相互关联

Poverty and poor housing correlate with a shorter life expectancy..

A mother's smoking in pregnancy correlates with law birth weight in her baby.

It is common knowledge that one culture ______ with its social and economic development in the area.

A. connects B. relates

C. associates D. correlates【解析】 connect 与 relates 都与 with 连用，表示

“连接，联系”； associates 与 with 连用表示“联 合，联想； correlate with 指两者共同存在或共同发生，它强调某种现象、某件事与其他的因素相互依存。

Cars

o Get to know some brands of cars.

o Even if I could afford a car, I may not actually want to drive one because…..

A Smart Car1. Smart cars can see, hear, feel, smell, talk, and act.2. They will refuse to start the engine if the driver is

drunk;3. They can alert the police and provide precise

location of the car if it is stolen;4. They can monitor one’s driving and the driving

conditions nearby;5. They can alert the driver who feels drowsy;6. They can locate you precisely and warn of traffic

jams.

Cultural Notes

Automobile industry Global Positioning System (GPS) Intelligent Transportation System (ITS) Other abbreviations:

Automobile Industry The automobile industry is one of the most

important industries in the world, affecting not only economies but also cultures. It provides jobs for millions of people, generates billions of dollars in worldwide revenues. Automobiles revolutionized transportation in the 20th century, changing forever the way people live, travel, and do business. Automobile orporations are often multinational.

At the start of the 21st century, the trends of global trade and manufacturing flexibility continue. Computerization continues to be a major part of auto design and manufacture, as do the search for alternative fuels and more efficient automobile designs.

Global Positioning System (GPS) Space-based radio-navigation system,

consisting of 24 satellites and ground support. GPS provides users with accurate information about their position and velocity, as well as the time, anywhere in the world and in all weather conditions.

Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS )

Advanced electronics, communications, and computer systems that increase the efficiency and safety of highway transportation. Originally known as Intelligent Vehicle/Highway Systems (IVHS), these technologies can provide real-time information exchange between drivers and the roads, giving rise to the terms "smart cars" and "smart highways."

Reading comprehension 1. What will happen to cars and roads in the

twenty-first century? 2. What is the function of the radars hidden in

the bumpers? 3. How will a smart car alert a driver who feels

drowsy? 4. What are the prospects for applications of

GPS? 5. What are the advantages of smart highways?

1.We will see cars and roads that can see, hear, feel, smell, talk and act in the twenty-first century. (para.3)

2. Small radars hidden in the bumpers can scan for nearby cars. (Para. 5)

3.  A tiny camera in the dashboard can detect when the driver closes his eyelids for a certain length of time and a computer in the dashboard could alert the driver. （ Para. 6 ）

4. Blind individuals could use GPS sensors in walking sticks, airplanes could land by remote control, hikers will be able to locate their position in the woods. (Para. 10)

5. There are many advantages of smart highways, such as saving fuel, reducing traffic jams and decreasing our pollution. (Para. 13)

Homework (2.1)

1. go over the words and phrases we learned today.

2.  do the exercises in Vocabulary I (1,2,3,4) (P. 46)

 

turn * into/ become a reality

Her dream of being a college student has turned into a reality.

Working at home and communicating with fellow workers via their PCs become a reality.

lucrative

a. profitable 生利的，赚钱的 Many ex-army officers have found lucrativ

e jobs in private security firms. A lucrative marketing strategy is very cruci

al to a company.

presently ad. at the present time, now; after a short

time; soon We presently have no plans to expand our

business overseas, but that may well change in the future.

“Take it easy,” David said. “You will feel better presently.

manufacture v. make goods on a large scale using machinery 〔 manu （手）＋ fact （＝ make ）…＋－

ure 〕 Britain now manufactures approximately 40 per c

ent of Europe's desktop computers. All those underground plants that manufacture pir

ate CDs must be closed down.

〔辨析〕 make ， manufacture, produce

(1)make 指各种手工或机器制造，包括艺术科学方面的创造。 Some artists make sculptures.

(2) manufacture 概念教 make 窄，多指用机器进行大规模生产。

(3) produce 概念也教广泛既指具体物品的生产，也指精神财富的创造；可用于物，也可用于人；但强调产品的数量及品种，而不象 manufacture 强调生产的机械化过程。

Canada produces wheat and fur.

It is too late to grieve when the chance is past.

What’s lost is lost.

Revision of New Words

alert, application, approximately, bunch,

convert, correlate, eliminate, frequency, hazard,

lucrative, manufacture, monotonous, mount,

presently, vibrate, be poised to, get stuck in,

turn sth. into a reality

approximately

adv. fairly correct or accurate but not completely so

Approximately $150 million is to be spent on improvements on school buildings.

The car accident happened at approximately 7:45 a.m.

辨析 about Approximately

about 原义为“在 ... 的周围”，因而指大致接近，相差可多可少。

Approximately 原义为“最接近地”，因而指数量或质量上接近正确，误差极小，可以忽略。

fatality

n. （事故或战争等造成的）死亡 , 命中注定 There have been ten swimming fatalities this

summer.

There was a strange fatality about their both losing their jobs on the same day.

fatal adj. 致命的 fate n. 命运；厄运，毁灭

eliminate

v. remove; get rid of

eliminate sth.; eliminate sth. from sth. The Chinese government approved a new plan to

eliminate illiteracy nationwide by 2006. If you think you may be allergic to a food or drin

k, eliminate it from your diet. The efficient ones will prosper and the inefficient

ones will be eliminated.

〔辨析〕 eliminate, exclude “ 排除”

eliminate 指把已进入者从中除去， exclude 指把想进入者拒之门外。

He was eliminated from the tennis match in the first round.

He was excluded from the tennis team.

alert

v. warn sb. that there may be danger, trouble

alert sb.; alert sb. to sth. Why weren't the police alerted? The manager alerted the staff to the crisis facing

the company. 〔搭配〕 on the alert (for /against) 警戒着，随

时戒备着，密切注意着； He was on the alert for any strange sound.

prototypen. the first model or design of sth. from which

other forms are copied or developed Bell uttered to his assistant the words. "Mr.

Watson. come here: I want you." Using a prototype telephone.

Toyota released its small-car prototype in 1947.

monotonous

a. dull and never changing or varying; constant and boring

[mono ( 一，单 )+ tone （调） +-ous] Robots are used in repetitive, monotonous t

asks in which human performance might degrade over time.

In the 1970s we had a monotonous diet of rice and vegetables.

hazardn. a thing that can be dangerous or cause damage; a

danger or risk The research has confirmed that tobacco smoke p

resents a hazard to health. Smog developed into a major health hazard by th

e 20th century. 〔辨析〕 hazard, threat, risk Hazard 指可能引起危险的源泉，我们所

说的公害多用此词。 Threat 是一种比较直接的威胁。 Risk 是一种风险、冒险，含有主动冒险的意思。

get / be stuck in (sth.) 停留，被阻塞； Since we got stuck in a traffic jam for three

hours, we missed the press conference.

I was stuck at home with flu.

frequency n. the rate at which sth. happens or is repeated, us

u measured over a particular period of time 频率，发生次数，

同根词记忆： frequent 时常发生的，频繁的； frequentation 常访，时常出入，常往；

考点提示： frequency modulation 调频 This radio station broadcasts on three different fre

quency.

send out transmit (a signal, etc.) by radio waves

The yacht sent out a distress signal which

was picked up by a passing steamer.   send off 寄出，发出； send off for 函索

application apply ； applied 应用的，使用的； appliance 用具，

器具； applicable 可适用的，可应用的； applicant 申请者，请求者

Multimedia applications usually require more computer memory and processing power.

The application of the new invention will bring great profits to the company.

poise be poised to (do), be poised for sth.

The automobile company is poised to launch its new advertising campaign.

It is reported that US forces are poised to attack Iraq.

Homework (2, 2)

Exercises for the third and fourth periods: 1. Try to recite some writings, some sentence

pattern and phrases, and get prepared for a writing.

2.  Exercises on Page 49 (Word Formation, Usage, Structure, Translation ）

3. Think over the way you learn new words.