Unit 14

Freedom fighter

Warming up and listening

Freedom fightersFreedom fighters

Do you know about them? Who are they?

Martin Luther King.Jr

Born in 1929; Graduated in 1929; Worked in a church;Organised his first actions in 1955; Formed an organisation for American black leaders to work together in 1957; Gave speech “I Have a Dream” in 1963; ReceivedtheNobelPeace Prize in 1964;Murdered in1968

Nelson Mandela

Born in 1918; First actions while still at university in 1940; Graduated in 1942; Helped to found the ANC Youth League in 1944; Led many peaceful actions during the 1950s; Put in prison from 1962 till 1989; Received the Nobel Peace Prize in 1993; Became the first black pres-ident of South Africa from 1994 to 1999

Martin Luther King Jr.

(1929-1968)

King’s ——————birthplace

son of a _________ in the churchminister

On the great ________march

make a _______speech

In 1955

King led the movement in Alabama, asking the blacks not to take the city buses.

King made a speech to thousands of blacks in Washington.

In 1963

In 1963

King led the Great March , asking for the equal civil rights.

KING’S _______ HOMELAST

Born in 1929 An important political

leader in human rights in the USA

Worked as a minister in a church

Organized his first actions in 1955 Formed an organization for American black leaders to work together in 1957

Received the Nobel Peace Prize in 1964 and gave the whole of the 54,600 prize money to the freedom movement

A new Civil Rights Act was passed in 1964

A new Voting Rights Bill became law in 1965

Murdered in 1968

President Reagan signed a bill into a law making the 3rd Monday of January a national holiday to celebrating the birth and life of him

The theme of 2004: Remember!Act! A day on , not a day off!

★背景知识

马丁 · 路德 · 金（ Martin Luther King, Jr,1929 ～ 1968 ）美国黑人民权运动领袖，牧师。 1954 年参加美国有色人种协进会的活动。 1955年在亚拉巴马洲蒙哥马科城发动抵制该市公共汽车的种族隔离制度，迫使汽车公司取消这种制度，并同意雇佣黑人驾驶员。 1957 年被选为南方基督教领袖会议主席。 1958 年在南方21 个主要城市组织集会，发动黑人争取公民权利。 1963 年 8 月在华盛顿特区组织了一次25 万人集会，反对种族歧视，要求种族平等。 1964 年迫使约翰逊总统签署民权法案。他一贯主张非暴力主义，但仍多次被捕入狱。 1968 年 3 月被种族主义分子枪杀。

MANDELA, Nelson (born 1918). A folk hero for South African blacks, Nelson Mandela led the armed struggle against their homeland's segregationist policies. Dismayed by the apparent failure of nonviolent resistance, he was an outlaw for 18 months often wearing disguises to outwit the authorities. Ultimately he became a worldwide symbol of victory against apartheid when he was freed from a life sentence in prison.

.

After the 1960 massacre of thousands of unarmed pass-law protesters, Mandela became a fugitive. Security police caught him in 1962. In 1964 he was convicted of acts of sabotage while leading an underground wing of the banned ANC. As his legend grew, a campaign for his freedom intensified in the 1980s. Mandela was set free on Feb. 11, 1990. He shared the 1993 Nobel peace prize with South Africa's president, F.W. de Klerk. 

Do you think they are great men? Why?Do you think they are great men? Why?

Martin was a great man because

he stood up to fight for the rights of black people in America.

Nelson Mandela was a great man because he fought for the freedom

of black people in South Africa.

How is the situation in their countries now? Has the situation improved?

Yes, the situation in America has improved. Black people now have the same rights as white people.

The situation in South Africa has improved. Black people are free and Nelson Mandela was the first black president of South Africa from 1994 to 1999.

    Listen to the tape, get the main idea and write down three of the phrases repeated a few times in King’s talk.

(1963)(1)When did he give his talk?

(2)   What was his talk about?

A. Freedom for black people

B. Freedom for Negro slaves

(3) Write down some repeated phrases and

short sentences in King’s talk. 

(4)  What kind of talk did Martin Luther King, Jr give?A. a debate B. a speech C. a report

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I have a dream; Let freedom ring; Free at last

√

Listen again and complete the following Listen again and complete the following sentences. Try to understand the sentences. Try to understand the characteristics of a good speech.characteristics of a good speech.

But one hundred years later, as Dr King said,we still had to f____ the f____ that the Negro was not f_____.

He promised that the hurricanes of revolution would continue to shake the foundation of the n_____.

I have a dream that my four children will one day live in a c_____ where they will not be judged by the c_______ of their skin but by the c________ of their c________.

ace actree

ation

ountry

olourontent haracter

(4)   When we let freedom r_____, we will be able to join hands and s_____ in the words of the old Negro song.

inging

Repeated phrases and short sentence

Words with rhymes and the rhythms     

Stress and passion

Pay attention to the letters in bold and conclude the characteristics of a speech. A good speech has some characteristics of poetry.

Paraphrase parts of the speech using indirect speech to complete the following sentences.

1) King said that one hundred years later black people still ____________________.

2) King dreamt of the day when his four children ______________________________________.

were not free

would not be judged by their colour of skin

3)He hoped that one day black children and _______________________________________________.

4)King believed that the day would come when __________________________.

white children would walk together as brothers and sisters

black people were free at last

When Martin Luther King , Jr. gave his famous speech, it was a hundred years after President Lincoln signed the paper that gave hope to millions of Negro slaves in 1863. But one hundred years later, as Dr King said, westill had to face the fact that the Negro was not free . He said , “One hundred years later,the Negro still lives on a lonely island of the poor in the middle of a vast ocean of the rich.”

“ There will be neither rest nor peace in America until the Negro is given his civil rights,” he said. He promised that the hurricanes of revolution would continue to shake the foundations of the nation until the bright day of justice would come .

Then he spoke his famous words. “ I say to you today, my friends, that I still have a dream. It is a dream deeply rooted in the America dream. I have a dream that one day on the red hills of Georgia the sons of former slaves and the sons of former slave owners will able to sit down together at a table of brotherhood. I have a dream that my four children will one day live in a country where they will not be judged by the color of their skin but by the content of their character.”He also said that he hoped that one day the leader of the state, whose lips were dripping with promises, would make it possible for little black boys and black girls to join hands with little white boys and white girls and walk together as sisters and brothers.

“And if America is to be a great nation,” he said, “that had to become true.” He ended his speech saying : “Let freedom ring from the mighty mountains of New York. Let freedom ring from Stone Mountain of Georgia! Let freedom ring from every hill. From every mountainside, let freedom ring. When we let freedom ring, when we let it ring from every village and every town, from every state and every city, we will be able to join hands and sing in the words of the old Negro song, ‘ Free at last! Free at last! Thank God, we are free at last!”

Homework:1.Preview the Speaking part.