Unit 13Integratin

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Find the definition of an Find the definition of an estuaryestuary

An estuaryAn estuary is the body of water where is the body of water where a river meets the ocean. Salt water a river meets the ocean. Salt water

from the ocean and fresh water from from the ocean and fresh water from the river mix together in an estuary. the river mix together in an estuary. This mixing of fresh and salt water This mixing of fresh and salt water

creates a unique environment filled with creates a unique environment filled with life of all kindslife of all kinds －－ a zone between the a zone between the

land and sea.land and sea.

An estuaryAn estuary is the body of water where is the body of water where a river meets the ocean. Salt water a river meets the ocean. Salt water

from the ocean and fresh water from from the ocean and fresh water from the river mix together in an estuary. the river mix together in an estuary. This mixing of fresh and salt water This mixing of fresh and salt water

creates a unique environment filled with creates a unique environment filled with life of all kindslife of all kinds －－ a zone between the a zone between the

land and sea.land and sea.

Look through the passage and find out Look through the passage and find out what kinds of functionwhat kinds of function or significance of or significance of estuaries have been mentionedhave been mentioned ? (Topic Sentences )1. the estuaries are our planet's nurseries.1. the estuaries are our planet's nurseries.

2. Great places for nature’s young animals .Great places for nature’s young animals .

3. Clean our water by absorbing nutrients and 3. Clean our water by absorbing nutrients and pollutants from water coming from inland sourcespollutants from water coming from inland sources

4. Provide both recreation and education for human 4. Provide both recreation and education for human beings.beings.

5.Contribute to the economy through tourism and fishing

Reading: Questions (1)Why are estuaries such good places for nature’s young one?

(2)What does density mean in this passage?

(3)How do estuaries affect the water that passes through them?

(4)Why are estuaries more sensitive to pollution Why are estuaries more sensitive to pollution than other areas?than other areas?

(5)Why are estuaries important to human beings?

1. Why are estuaries such good 1. Why are estuaries such good places for nature’s young ones?places for nature’s young ones?In estuaries, animals can enjoy all In estuaries, animals can enjoy all the benefits of the oceans without the benefits of the oceans without having to face many of its dangers. having to face many of its dangers.

Tides provide energy for the Tides provide energy for the ecosystems, but ecosystems, but estuariesestuaries are are protected from waves and storms protected from waves and storms by islands, mud or sand. by islands, mud or sand.

Nutrients from both the land and Nutrients from both the land and the ocean arrive in estuaries.the ocean arrive in estuaries.

Read the passage and Read the passage and answer the following answer the following questions.questions.

4. Why are estuaries more sensitive 4. Why are estuaries more sensitive to pollution than other areas?to pollution than other areas?

Because estuaries act as filters(Because estuaries act as filters( 过滤过滤器器 ), many pollutants end up in them.), many pollutants end up in them.

2. What does density mean in this 2. What does density mean in this passage?passage?

It means the number of species per area.It means the number of species per area.

3. How do you estuaries affect the 3. How do you estuaries affect the water that passes through them?water that passes through them?

They absorb nutrients and pollutants They absorb nutrients and pollutants from water coming inland sources, from water coming inland sources, thus cleaning our water.thus cleaning our water.

5. Why are estuaries important to 5. Why are estuaries important to human beings?human beings?

①① Estuaries provide both recreation Estuaries provide both recreation and education for human beings. and education for human beings. People can fish, swim and have fun People can fish, swim and have fun on the beach. on the beach. Scientists and students have endless Scientists and students have endless opportunities to study a variety of opportunities to study a variety of life in the habitat. life in the habitat.

②② Estuaries also contribute to the Estuaries also contribute to the economy through tourism and economy through tourism and fishing.fishing.

Fill in

Estuaries are bodies of water along Estuaries are bodies of water along coasts that are ________ (coasts that are ________ ( 形成形成 ) when ) when fresh water from rivers flows into and fresh water from rivers flows into and ________ with salt water from the ocean. ________ with salt water from the ocean. In estuaries, the fresh river water is In estuaries, the fresh river water is blocked from streaming into the open blocked from streaming into the open ocean by either surrounding mainland, ocean by either surrounding mainland, or islands. This mixing of fresh and salt or islands. This mixing of fresh and salt water _______ a unique environment water _______ a unique environment ______ with life of all kinds — a zone ______ with life of all kinds — a zone between the land and sea known as an between the land and sea known as an estuary. estuary.

Finish the following passage Finish the following passage with words from the text.with words from the text.

formed mixe

s

creates

filled

The estuary gathers and holds a ________ The estuary gathers and holds a ________ of lifeof life －－ giving nutrients from the land giving nutrients from the land and from the ocean, forming an and from the ocean, forming an ecosystem that contains more creatures ecosystem that contains more creatures than any other ________ on the earth. than any other ________ on the earth. Estuaries are also important for human Estuaries are also important for human beings. They protect water quality by beings. They protect water quality by ________ pollutants from water coming ________ pollutants from water coming from inland sources. They are centers for from inland sources. They are centers for ________________ (________________ ( 娱乐娱乐 ) and education. ) and education. Estuaries, in short, are treasures. Estuaries, in short, are treasures.

varietyvariety

habitahabitatt

absorbiabsorbingng

entertainentertainmentment

WritingWriting

Topic: ________________Step 1:

Step 2:

Step 3:

What will happen to a piece of metal if you put it in water?

Describe what happens

Describe the causes and effects

The conclusion

Sample writing: If a piece of metal,or any other object is put in water ,it will dissolve. Because the water molecule is made up of one oxygenand two hydrogen atoms. It is polar,that is,it has a slightly negative and a slightly positiveend. The two ends make it possible for waterto break down both solids and gases. So a piece of metal will dissolve when it is put inwater .

If you are describing a process,If you are describing a process,

You should explain each step in You should explain each step in the order it happens. the order it happens. Tell the readers about the Tell the readers about the causes and effects and use words causes and effects and use words like first, second, then, etc to like first, second, then, etc to show the order of the steps. show the order of the steps. First…First… Second…Second… Third/ Then…Third/ Then… Last… Last…

If you are writing about something that If you are writing about something that has several parts, describe each part and has several parts, describe each part and explain its function and structure.explain its function and structure.

The following questions may helpThe following questions may help: : What is it ? How many parts is it What is it ? How many parts is it made up of? made up of? What‘s the structure of each What‘s the structure of each part? How does it work? part? How does it work? What’s the function of the thing?What’s the function of the thing?

书面表达现在越来越多的人购买小汽车。假设你叫李立，请你根据下面所给信息给报社编辑写一封信发表观点。字数： 100 左右。

优点：有了小汽车，能自由来去，不用花很多时间；小汽车对于旅行比较舒适；开小汽车比自行车安全。

缺点：越来越多的小汽车会引起污染、交通堵塞和更多的交通事故。

建议：政府要适当控制小汽车的数量，使我们有一个洁净、安静的环境。

生词： 堵塞 jams 环境 environment

Dear editor, Nowadays in our city, more and more people own cars. I think there are good reasons for owning a car. First, with a car a person can get around freely, without spending a lot of time. Second, a car is comfortable to travel in. Finally, it is safer to drive a car than a bicycle. However, I am afraid more and more cars will cause air pollution. What’s more, more and more traffic jams and accidents are happening every day. Personally, I hope the government should control the number of cars to let us have a clean and quiet environment. Yours Li li

Bye-bye