unit 1 text i two words to avoid, two to remember a new english course book 6 arthur gordon

Unit 1 Text I

Two Words to Avoid, Two to Remember

A New English Course Book 6

Arthur Gordon

Teaching Procedure

1. Comment on Mid-term Exam & Introduction to Relevant Information

psychiatrist & psychoanalysis Sigmund Freud

2. Warm-up Activities a word puzzle game lead-in: watch and discuss

3. Theme and Organization of the Text

narration: elements---build to the purpose of writing

organization & development

4. Detailed Study of the Text

Psychiatrist

A psychiatrist is a medical practitioner specializing in the diagnosis, and treatment of mental illness. Generally, after completion of medical training, physicians take a three-year residency in psychiatry to become qualified.

Relevant information

As psychiatry is an area of medicine, psychiatrists tend to view and conceptualize disordered behavior as types of mental illness.

Those who have mental illness, psychological and emotional disorders consult psychiatrists.


The method of psychiatric therapy originated by Sigmund Freud in which free association, dream interpretation, and analysis of resistance and transference are used to explore repressed or unconscious impulses, anxieties, and internal conflicts.


Sigmund Freud / zikmunt froit/‵ ‵

An Austrian physician and the founder of psychoanalysis.


(1856 - 1939)

Sigmund Freud

Freud explored the workings of the human mind and developed psychoanalysis as a therapeutic technique to treat neurosis or mental disturbances. His idea of the unconscious mental processes and his theory that a principal cause of neurosis is the repression of painful memories into the unconscious hold a central place in psychology and psychiatry today.


His Theory


Warm-up Activity: A Word Puzzle Game

h h i d s i g h t

m l a n c h o l y

i m m o r t a l i t y s r m o n

b r a t e

r a g

u

d

gn

om

e

ru ef

ul ly

u f

fle

Teaching Procedure

Question

What do you think are the two words the author advises the reader to avoid and the two words to remember?

Warm-up QuestionsTeaching Procedure

Question

Yes, the answers to the proceeding question are “next time” and “if only” according to the text.

But if you are asked the same question ignoring any knowledge from the text, what would you say? The word or words to avoid and to remember in your life? Why?

Warm-up Questions

Question

“If only” and “next time”, Which do you think are the words to avoid and which two to remember? Give you reasons.

Warm-up Questions

An: Keep saying “if only” would not change anything; on the contrary, it only kept the person facing the wrong way---backward instead of forward. If you form a habit of saying it eventually, the phrase can really turn to an obstruction, a real roadlock, an excuse for not trying any more.

Warm-up Questions

When one begins to say “next time”, it means he has already decided to stop crying over the past but apply the lessons he has learned from his experience. He is on the way to overcoming his problem.

Warm-up Questions

2004 CCTV National Speaking Contest

Warm-up Activity: Video Watching

Quotations used to teach the moral

Almost any situation, good or bad, is affected by the we bring to it.

-----Lucius Annaus Seneca, Ancient Roman philosopher.

Laugh, _______________________ weep, _______________________

----19th American poet Ella Wilcox.

attitude

and the world laughs with you;and you weep alone.

Warm-up Activity: Video Watching

For Mutual Encouragement

"Most folks are about as happy as they make up their minds to be."

---Abraham Lincoln

Warm-up Activity

Analysis of the Text

Q: What is the genre of this text? A: In terms of mode of

development, the present text is basically a narration.

Q: What is the purpose of narration? A: the chief purpose is to interest

and entertain, though, it may be used to instruct and inform.

Understanding the text

Q: In what order is a narration arranged?

A: In chronological order.


Learning objectives

chronological arrangement of details in a narration.

learning to achieve the purpose of instruction in a narration.


Elements of Narration Setting When, where

Characters Who, what

Problems/Conflicts What

Goal What is the main character’s goal? What is he/she trying to do?

Plot what

Outcome How

Understanding the Text

A Possible Outline for Narrative Essays Topic Sentence (Optional) Setting and action Who, what, where, when First Action – Dialogue/Event Second Action – Dialogue/Event Third Action – Dialogue/Event Climax Conclusion

Understanding the Text

Nothing in life is more exciting and rewarding than the sudden flash of insight that leaves you a

changed person---not only changed, but changed for the

better, Which turns out to be the theme of the text

Nothing in life is more exciting and rewarding than the sudden flash of insight that leaves you a

changed person---not only changed, but changed for the

better, Which turns out to be the theme of the text

The power of positive thinking is gigantic.

Organization of the Text

I. Setting of the story (Paras. 1 – 3)

① The instructive significance of the story (1)

② Setting (2 – 3)

Organization of the Text

II. Development of the story (Paras. 4 – 31) ① In the little French restaurant (4 – 8) ② In the Old Man’s office (9 – 26) ③ Outside the office (27 -31)

III. Denouement or conclusion (Paras .32 – 33)

A small fragment of immortality, to be sure.

Key Points of the Text

Paragraph 1rewarding: worth doing; satisfyingchange for the better: improve something that already exists or that has gone before 向着较好的情况转变；为了取得更好的结果

Reading the Text

Paragraph 1

E.g.: His health has changed for the better. 他的健康状况已有好转。

make alterations for the better in the design of a house 修改房屋的设计使之更趋完善

Reading the Text

c.f.: change for the worse: make worse something that already exists or that has gone before 向着较坏的情况转变，更不好

E.g.: He bought a new car but it turned out to be for the worse. 他买了一辆新汽车，但结果比原来的还不好。

Paragraph1Paragraph1

for better (or) for worse ( 或 for better or worse): in both good and bad fortune; whether the result is good or bad 同甘共苦 , 祸福与共 ; 不管是好是歹 , 不论是祸是福 ; 不管结果怎样

E.g.: He has resolved to take her for better or for worse. 不论是福是祸，他决心娶她为妻。

Most leave-taking --- for better or worse --- are temporary affairs. 不管怎样，大多数的告别只是暂别。

Reading the Text

ParaphraseParaphrase

Nothing in life is more exciting and rewarding than the sudden flash of light that leaves you a changed person --- not only changed, but changed for the better:

The most inspiring and gratifying fact of life is the unexpected spark of enlightenment that makes you different and a better person than before.

Reading the Text

QuestionQuestion

1. 1. According to the author, how much did the session with his psychiatrist friend that afternoon mean to him?

To him, the session was just like “a flash of insight that leaves him a changed person --- not only changed, but changed for the better.”

Text UnderstandingText Understanding

wintry: of or like winter; cold, snowy ( 似 ) 冬天的；寒冷的；多雪的

E.g.: a wintry smile 冷若冰雪的微笑 frustrated: feeling annoyed disappointmen

t because of the prevention of the fulfillment of or defeat of someone or someone’s effort, hopes, etc. 表示作出的某种努力受阻而失望或沮丧

E.g.: I’m feeling rather frustrated in my present job; I need a change.


Paragraph 2

I feel frustrated; I can’t go after all! 我感到很失望；我终归还是去不成了。

depressed: sad; low in spirits 沮丧的；抑郁的；（意志）消沉的

E.g.: I feel really depressed today, nothing went right. 今天我真倒霉，什么都不顺利。


on one’s part: made or done by one 某人所做的，某人有责任的；就某人而言，在某人一方；代表某人

E.g.: I consider this a gross oversight on your part. 我认为这是你的严重疏忽。

It was the lapse on the part of my wife. 这是我妻子出的差错。


There are still some doubts on the part of the employers. 雇主方面仍心存怀疑。

A frank question on his part led to a frank answer on mine. 他问题提得直率，因此我也回答得坦诚。

He expressed appreciation on the part of himself and his colleagues. 他代表自己以及同事们表示感谢。


fall through: fail to be successfully completed; come to nothing 失败，成为泡影；不能践约，失约

E.g.: To his disappointment, his plan to do further studies in the university fell through.

I have made an appointment with him, but I’m afraid he’ll fall through. 我已和他约好会面，可是我怕他会失约。

hindsight: wisdom about an event after it has occurred 事后的觉悟；事后的聪明

E.g.: By hindsight I should have gone there earlier. 事后想来，我应早些去那里。


Paragraph 2 Hindsight is always clearer than one’s view

at the time. 事后看问题总要比当时看得清楚 c.f.: foresight: the ability to imagine what wil

l probably happen, allowing one to act to help or prevent developments; care or wise planning for the future 预见；先见之明

chew the cud: think deeply before making a decision; think reflectively 深思，反复思考

E.g.: He didn’t reply immediately, but seemed rather to be chewing his cud. 他没有立即回答，不过看上去在反复思考。

How were the author and the old man related?

Key: The old man was an eminent psychiatrist and the author was a client of his.


Paragraph 5 perceptiveness: unusual ability to no

tice and understand; awareness and understanding 观察敏锐；善于理解

E.g.: We all admired his perceptiveness; he was always so quick to respond to a new situation.


Why did the old man let the author listen to the three speakers on the tape?

The three speakers on the tape were all unhappy, and the two words they all used frequently in what they said were “if only.” What the old man wanted to point out to the author was that to keep saying “if only” would not change anything; on the contrary, it only kept the person facing the wrong way --- backward instead of forward. Thus it did more harm than good to the person who kept saying them.


Sentence Understanding

1. In the end, if you let it become a habit, it can become a real roadblock, an excuse for not trying any more.(Para. 15)

Eventually, if you form a habit of saying “if only”, the phrase can really turn to an obstruction, providing you with an excuse for giving up trying anything at all.



2. … you never got out of the past tense. Not once did you mention the future.(Para.18)

… you are always thinking of the past, regretting and lamenting. You did not look forward to what you can do in the future at all.



3. “My, my,” said the Old Man slyly. “If only we had come down ten seconds sooner, we’d have caught that cab, wouldn’t we?”

(para.28) Meaning: The Old Man said to me trickily, usin

g the phrase “if only” on purpose, “If only we’d got here ten seconds earlier, we’d have caught the cab.”



4. I laughed and picked up the cue. “Next time I’ll run faster.” (para.29)

Meaning: I laughed and understood what he meant. So I followed his advice and said, “Next time I’ll run faster.”


Paragraph 33 to be sure: I can not deny that; admittedly

无可否认；诚然；固然；必须承认 E.g.: He is clever, to be sure, but not very

hard-working. 他聪明是聪明，但不怎么勤奋。

He is young, to be sure, but experienced. 他固然还年轻，但很有经验。


unit 1 text i two words to avoid, two to remember a new english course book 6 arthur gordon

Documents

relevant information1856

warmup questionsan

warmup questionsquestionif

warmup questionswhen

text itwo words

i t y s r

unconscious mental processes

types of mental illness