unit 1 splitting america
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Slideshow 2 Unit 1TRANSCRIPT
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American History: Unit 1 Lecture 2
European Powers Carve Up North America
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Competition for North America
- Spain is establishing an empire in Latin America (and parts of North America!)
- Other European nations want to establish colonies in the New World – Especially in North America
- 3 Main Competitors:
England France The Netherlands
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Early Exploration of North America
• 3 countries will attempt to colonize North America:
1. France2. England3. The NetherlandsHow does it start?Magellan's trip had shown these nations that it was possible to sail West to Asia - they set out to find a route in the North.
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French Efforts
• French explorers began looking for a "Northwest Passage" in the early 1500's.
• Fail to find a passage in the North, but they began exploring the American continent.
• 1673, explorer La Salle explores the Mississippi and claims the whole river valley for France.
• Calls it "Louisiana" in honor of French King Louis XIV
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French Efforts
• By the mid 1700's, France had established an empire in North America
• French colonists were mostly male – interested in trade, not farming.
• Biggest activity -FUR TRADE
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French Efforts
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French Efforts
• French usually got along well with Native Americans
• Fur Trade profited both groups• Founded many North American cities - often
as small forts or trading posts• Montreal, Quebec, Chicago, Detroit, St. Louis,
New Orleans all started as French Settlements!
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Cities Founded by the French
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English Efforts
• French and Spanish exploration inspires English King James
• Failure at Roanoke – Walter Raleigh’s LOST COLONY – 1585 – Virginia Dare – 1st English child born in the New World
• King gives a charter to a group of English investors to start a new colony in Virginia
• First permanent English Colony in Americas is founded in 1607
JAMESTOWN
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Jamestown
Colonists at Jamestown faced many struggles
Most did not want to work - interested in getting rich
Disease and starvation were widespread
John Smith – Important leader during Starving Time
Click on the coin below for an 8 minute video on “The Starving Time”
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Jamestown
1612, Colonists first plant important CASH CROP:TOBACCO • Becomes popular in England, saves the colony• Marriage of Indian Chief's daughter,
Pocahontas, to leader John Rolfe, keeps the peace
• 1619, FIRST REPRESENTATIVE GOVERNMENT in the new world meets here. --> HOUSE OF BURGESSES
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New England Colonies
• 1620 - PILGRIMS founded 2nd English Colony at Plymouth, Massachusetts
• Followed in 1630 by the PURITANS
• Both of these groups were seeking religious freedom in the New World
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Jamestown vs. New England Colonies
Key Difference:
• Jamestown was founded for profit...• New England Colonies were
founded for religious reasons.
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The Dutch
The Dutch• 1609 - Henry Hudson explores for the
Netherlands• Sails into Hudson Bay and up Hudson River• Dutch founded New Netherlands and set up
fur trade• Allow settlers from many areas
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The Dutch Make An Exit
• 1664, English drive the Dutch from New Netherlands
• Rename the city New York• take control of the East coast except for
Florida
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1. From http://ns1763.ca/remem/7yw-timeline-w.html
2. From Discovery Channel Education