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Unit 1: Psychology’s History and Approaches

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Unit 1: Psychology’s History and Approaches. What is Psychology?. The systematic and scientific study of human behavior and mental processes. What are the Goals of Psychology?. Control. Prediction. Explanation. Description. Psychology’s Roots Prescientific Psychology. Ancient Greeks - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Page 1: Unit 1: Psychology’s History and Approaches

Unit 1:Psychology’s History and

Approaches

Page 2: Unit 1: Psychology’s History and Approaches

What is Psychology?

The systematic and scientific study of human behavior and mental processes

Page 3: Unit 1: Psychology’s History and Approaches

PredictionControl

Description Explanation

What are the Goals of Psychology?

Page 4: Unit 1: Psychology’s History and Approaches

Psychology’s RootsPrescientific Psychology

• Ancient Greeks–Socrates–Plato–Aristotle

Page 5: Unit 1: Psychology’s History and Approaches

Psychology’s RootsPrescientific Psychology

• Rene Descartes• Francis Bacon• John Locke

–Tabula Rasa (blank slate)

• EmpiricismScience should rely on observation and experimentation

Page 6: Unit 1: Psychology’s History and Approaches

Psychology’s RootsPsychological Science is Born

• Wilhelm Wundt (1879)–University of Leipzig–Reaction time experiment

Page 7: Unit 1: Psychology’s History and Approaches

Psychology’s RootsThinking About the Mind’s Structure

• Edward Titchener– Structuralism

• Physicists & chemists broke matter down into structures, why not the mind?

• Introspection reveals the structure of the mind

• “Tell me about things that are yellow”

Page 8: Unit 1: Psychology’s History and Approaches

Psychology’s RootsThinking About the Mind’s Function

• William James–Influenced by Darwin & evolutionary

theory– Functionalism

How mental and behavioral processes function

• Experimental psychology

Page 9: Unit 1: Psychology’s History and Approaches
Page 10: Unit 1: Psychology’s History and Approaches

Psychological Science Develops

• Sigmund Freud

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Psychological Science Develops

• Behaviorism–John B. Watson –B.F. Skinner–“study of observable behavior”

Page 12: Unit 1: Psychology’s History and Approaches

Psychological Science Develops

• Humanistic psychology–Carl Rogers–Abraham Maslow

• Cognitive Neuroscience

Page 13: Unit 1: Psychology’s History and Approaches

Psychological Science Develops

• Psychology–Science–Behavior–Mental processes

Page 14: Unit 1: Psychology’s History and Approaches

Contemporary Psychology

Page 15: Unit 1: Psychology’s History and Approaches

Psychology’s Biggest Question

• Nature – Nurture Issue–Biology versus experience–History

• Greeks• John Locke v. Rene Descartes• Charles Darwin

–Natural selection

Page 16: Unit 1: Psychology’s History and Approaches

Psychology’s Three Main Levels of Analysis

• Levels of Analysis–Biological–Psychological–Social-cultural

• Biopsychosocial Approach

Page 17: Unit 1: Psychology’s History and Approaches

Psychology’s Three Main Levels of Analysis

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Psychology’s Three Main Levels of Analysis

Page 19: Unit 1: Psychology’s History and Approaches

Psychology’s Three Main Levels of Analysis

Page 20: Unit 1: Psychology’s History and Approaches

Psychology’s Three Main Levels of Analysis

Page 21: Unit 1: Psychology’s History and Approaches

Psychological Approaches/Perspectives

• Biological psychology• Evolutionary psychology• Psychodynamic psychology• Behavioral psychology• Cognitive psychology• Humanistic psychology• Social-cultural psychology

Page 22: Unit 1: Psychology’s History and Approaches

Psychological Approaches/Perspectives

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Psychological Approaches/Perspectives

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Psychological Approaches/Perspectives

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Psychological Approaches/Perspectives

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Psychological Approaches/Perspectives

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Psychological Approaches/Perspectives

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Psychological Approaches/Perspectives

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Psychological Approaches/Perspectives

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Psychological Approaches/Perspectives

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