unit 1: man’s beginnings
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Unit 1: Man’s Beginnings. Central Questions:. Who were man’s early ancestors? What was the life of early man like? Why are resources important to civilization? What are the characteristics of civilization?. Man’s Beginnings. Out of Africa Theory - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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Unit 1: Man’s Beginnings
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Central Questions:Who were man’s early ancestors?What was the life of early man like?Why are resources important to civilization?What are the characteristics of civilization?
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Man’s Beginnings• Out of Africa Theory
Idea that every living human is descended from hominids that came from Africa and spread throughout the worldhttp://www.bradshawfoundation.com/journey/ Do this!
• Hominid: upright primate that walks on two feet• Two ideas on how hominids are related:
• The early hominids aren’t all like “grandparents” but more like “cousins”… some die out, some survive, but no direct line
• The early hominids (from Homo Erectus on) evolved and are improved and direct versions of each other • http://www.cnn.com/2013/10/17/world/europe/ancient-skull-
human-evolution/?iref=obnetwork
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Out of Africa Theory
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Australopithecus
Appeared 3-4 million years agoAverage height: 3-5 feetHad a voice box, which allowed them to speakNomads: Constantly moved in search of foodHunters and gatherers
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Homo Habilis“Person with ability”Came out of Africa about 3-1.5 million years agoCreated stone toolsHad limited speech abilityStill hunters and gatherers
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Homo Erectus“Upright Person”Came out of Africa 150,00-200,000 years agoDevelopments:
More advanced stone tools like hand axesUsed caves as a form of shelterDraped animal skins for protective clothingControlled fire for warmth, protection, and cookingSpoken languageIncreased life spans and fewer diseasesJoined together in hunting and gathering groups
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Homo Sapiens“Person who thinks” or “Wise man”Lived 200,000 to 300,000 years agoDivided into two different types:
Neanderthal: 200,000 to 35,000 years ago
Anatomically Modern Human: 60,000 to 8,000 years ago
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NeanderthalVery intelligent compared to Homo ErectusProbably believed in an afterlife
Buried the dead Cared for disabled community membersCannibals?
DevelopmentsHide-scraper (allowed them to clean animal skins which they sewed to make clothes)Spear pointUsed caves and simple lean-tos for shelter
Died out, but their DNA lives on in some humans today http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vmb41PcarVY
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Anatomically Modern Humans
aka AMH aka Cro-Magnon Advanced beyond Neanderthals in technologyDevelopments
Knives, chisels, bow and arrowNeedles and sewed leather clothingFish hooks, harpoons, fishnets, and canoesSun-hardened pottery
SocietyWorked in groups to hunt the wooly mammothHad formal leaders with special rightsBelieved in an afterlife and had religious rituals involving cave paintings and sculptures
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Homo Sapiens SapiensPersons Who REALLY Thinks or “Wise, Wise Man”Human beings’ direct ancestors
Marked by fully modern languageAbstract, creative, and symbolic thought
Came out of Africa 200,000 to 100,000 years agoCo-existed with Neanderthals and AMHs and acquired their technological skillsMigrated throughout the worldDeveloped differently depending on their location and climate, developing different racial types
African, Asian, and CaucasianGenetic structure of all humans is almost exactly the same
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Videoshttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QdTk5OvtvM4 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Q1ZmZXicwug <- Art Showhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gGkmPqdjAeI&feature=related <- Stone Age Hunting (Everyone together at the end! Stand up!)