unit 1 introduction to chemistry chapter 1 read sections 1.1; 1.2 and 1.3

Unit 1Introduction to Chemistry

Chapter 1

Read sections 11 12 and 13

WorldviewA perspective from which we see and interpret all of life

ChristianJesus at the Center

Vs

HumanistMan at the Center

The Creation Mandate

bull And God said Let us make man in our image after our likeness and let them have dominion over the fish of the sea and over the fowl of the air and over the cattle and over all the earth and over every creeping thing that creepeth upon the earth

bull 27So God created man in his own image in the image of God created he him male and female created he them

bull 28And God blessed them and God said unto them Be fruitful and multiply and replenish the earth and subdue it and have dominion over the fish of the sea and over the fowl of the air and over every living thing that moveth

upon the earth

1st and 2nd Commandment

Love God

Love one Another

Dominion Science

Scientific Activity that Exercises Dominion for

the glory of God and the good of

others

What if microbes

were intelligentWorldview

1014 Microbes in a human body

bullQUIZ

What is Chemistry

the study of matter

and its changes

Matter is anything that occupies spaceAnd has mass

The Beginning

The Greeks believed there

were four elements

Early practical chemistry

household goods weapons

soap fermentation basic medicine

earth wind fire water

D ~~D___

D

___

Alchemy

Allegedly this substance would turn cheap metals into gold

the quest for the Philosopherrsquos Stone

(~500 ndash 1300 AD)

(the elixir the Sorcererrsquos Stone)

Alchemical symbols for substanceshellip

GOLD SILVER COPPER IRON SAND

transmutation

we cannot

transmute elements into different elements

changing one substance

into another

COPPER GOLD

Philosopherrsquos

Stone

In ordinary chemical reactionshellip

Alchemy was practiced in many regions of the

world including China and the Middle East

Alchemy arrived in western Europe

around the year 500 AD

Modern chemistry evolved from alchemy

Contributions of alchemists

bull experimental techniquesbull new glasswarebull information about elementsbull developed several alloys

Natural Science

Physical Science Earth and Space Science Life Science

Physics Chemistry Geology Astronomy Botany Zoology

Meteorology

Oceanography

Ecology

Genetics

Natural science covers a very broad range of knowledge

Wysession Frank Yancopoulos Physical Science Concepts in Action 2004 page 4

Modern Science

Areas of Chemistryorganic

physicalinorganic

biochemistry

studies everything

except carbon

eg compounds

containing metals

the study of carbon

containing compounds

measuring physicalproperties ofsubstances

the chemistry ofliving things

eg the meltingpoint of gold

Careers in Chemistry

bull research (new products)bull production (quality control)bull development (manufacturing)bull chemical salesbull software engineeringbull teaching

The skills you will develop by an earnest study

of chemistry will help you in any career field

The Scope of Chemistry

pharmaceuticals

nylon polyester rayon

bulk chemical manufacturing

petroleum products

synthetic fibers

acids bases fertilizers

fuels oils greases asphalt

1 in 10000 new products gets FDA approval

spandex

sulfuric acid (H2SO4) = 1 chemical

Government Regulation of Chemicals

The various levels of government regulate

chemicals to protect the

OSHAworker

FDA

USDA

CPSC

consumer

EPAenvironment

Chemistry impacts everyone

all fields of endeavor

Letrsquos pause for a Quiz

Safety ndash Extremely important in the Chemistry

Lab

Safety Features of the Lab

safety showerfire blanketfire extinguisher eye wash

These are NOT toys but are important in emergencies

SAFETY in the Science Classroom

Obey the safety contractndash Use common sensendash No unauthorized experimentsndash Wear safety glassesndash Safety is an attitudendash Donrsquot take anything out of labndash Read and follow all instructions

Toxicity

Which is more toxic

httplanscelanlgovtrainingFST2004images04chemicals1gif

Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS)

gives informationabout a chemical

-- lists ldquoDosrdquo and ldquoDonrsquotsrdquo

emergency procedures

--

Chemical Exposure

a one-time exposure that causes damage

acute exposure vs chronic exposure

damage occurs after repeated exposure

reaction to drugs

or medicationeg eg smoking

asbestos

How Toxic is ldquoToxicrdquo

bull Flammablebull Explosivebull Radioactivebull Corrosivebull Irritantbull Carcinogenic (cancer causing)bull Mutagenic (mutations)bull Teratogenic (birth defects)

Chemicals may cause harm in many different ways

>
>
>

Science

The Functions of Science

pure science applied science

the search for knowledge facts

using knowledgein a practical way

eg properties of aluminum

strong

lightweight

good conductor

Corning Glass

NASArsquos Problem Design a materialthat is clear and can with-stand extreme differences in temperature without fail-ing (cracking)

Corning Glass Company FAILEDhellipbut SUCCEEDED at making great cookware that can withstand extremes in temperature Design a face shield

to protect and provideclear vision

>

Aluminum Mining

bull 1850s aluminum sold for $500 lb

bull Charles Martin Hallbull Developed method to

extract aluminum from bauxite

bull Hallrsquos methodndash As a result $030lb

4-6 pounds bauxite

current 1 lb Al

+

=

>

Science attempts to establish causeeffect relationships

Science can NEVER prove a causeeffect relationship only make a

correlationhellip

risk-benefit analysis

weigh pros and cons before deciding

Because there are many considerations for each case ldquoblackwhite thinkingrdquo rarely

applies It is usually shades of grey

How doesscientific

knowledgeadvance

1 curiosity2 determination3 persistence4 good observations

The Scientific Method

The Skeptical Chemist

Robert Boyle

In ldquoThe Sceptical Chymistrdquo

Boyle stated that scientific speculation was worthless unless it was supportedby experimental evidence

This principle led to the development of the scientific method

(1661)

Key Be a good observer

observation inference

involves a judgmentor an assumption

uses the fivesenses

Types of DataObservations are also called data

qualitative data quantitative data

colorless liquid --

-- eg eg

descriptions

measurements 17 mL 83oC

(vs clear liquid)

Candle Observation Activity

A Description of a Burning Candle

A photograph of a burning candle is shown1 in the upper right corner The candle is cylindrical2 and has a diameter3 of about 3 cm The length of the candle was initially about 16 centimeters4 and it changed slowly5 during observation decreasing about 1 cm in one hour6 The candle is made of a translucent7 white8 solid9 which has a slight odor10 and no taste11 It is soft enough to be scratched with the fingernail12 There is a wick13 which extends from top to bottom14 of the candle along its central axis15 and protrudes about 5 mm above the top of the candle16 The wick is made of three strands of string braided together17 A candle is lit by holding a source of flame close to the wick for a few seconds Thereafter the source of flame can be removed and the flame sustains itself at the wick18 The burning candle makes no sound19 While burning the body of the candle remains cool to the touch20 except near the top Within about 15 cm of the top the candle is warm21 (but not hot) and sufficiently soft to mold easily22 The flame flickers in response to air currents23 and tends to become quite smoky while flickering24 In the absence of air currents the flame is of the form shown in the photograph though it retains some movement at all times25 The flame begins about 2 mm above the top of the candle26 and at itsbase the flame has a blue tint27 Immediately around the wick in a region about 2 mm wide and extending about 5 mm above the top of the wick28 the flame is dark29 This dark region is roughly conical in shape30 Around this zone and extending about 1 cm above the dark zone is a region which emits yellow light31 bright but not blinding32 The flame has rather sharply defined sides33 but a ragged top34 The wick is white where it emerges from the candle35 but from the base of the flame to the end of the wick36 it is black appearing burnt except for the last 05 cm where it glows red37 The wick curls over about 3 mm from its end38 As the candle becomes shorter the wick shortens too so as to extend roughly a constant length above the top of the candle39 Heat is emitted by the flame40 enough so that it becomes uncomfortable in 10 to 20 seconds if one holds his finger 10 cm to the side of the quiet flame41 or 10 ndash 12 cm above the flame42

Parts of the Scientific Method1 Identify an unknown

2 Make a hypothesis a testable prediction

3 Repeatedly experiment to test

hypothesis

a procedure order of events in

experiment

b variable any factor that couldinfluence the result

(ie a recipe of what was done)

4 conclusion must be supported with evidence from the data collected

A ScientificExperiment

Experiments must be controlled

Only one variable can be changed at a time The rest must be kept constant This allows the scientist to see what effect changing the IV has on the system

Independent variable

Dependent variable

the variable that is

manipulated (x-axis in a graph)

the variable that is measured It changes as you change the IV (y-axis)

A Controlled Experiment

Make observationMake observation

Ask questionAsk question

Develophypothesis

Develophypothesis

Test hypothesis with an

experiment


experiment

Analyze dataand draw

conclusions


conclusions

Hypothesis IS

supported

Hypothesis IS

supported

Hypothesis is NOT

supported

Hypothesis is NOT

supported

Developtheory

Developtheory

Test hypothesis with furtherexperiments


Revisehypothesis

Revisehypothesis


Scientific Method


Scientific Law vs Scientific Theory

law states what happens ie a relationship between various quantities

-- eg Newtonrsquos law of

gravity

-- Laws are often written in

the form ofhellip an equation1 22g

G m mF

r

laws of conservation

Theory of Gravity

Atomic Theory

tries to explain WHY or

HOW something happens

theory

-- eg

-- based on current evidence

images of nickel atomstaken by an STM

a scanning tunneling microscope (STM)

Manipulating Numerical Data

Graphs

Bar Graphshows how many of something

are in each category

0

2

4

6

8

10

A B C D F

Chemistry Grades

o

f st

ud

ents

Pie Graph shows how a whole is broken into parts

Entertainment (40)

Food (25)

Clothing (20)

Savings (15)

Percentage ofWeekly Income

Line Graphshows continuous change

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

Jan Feb Mar Apr

Month

Sh

are

Pri

ce (

$)

Stock Price over Time

you will always use a line graph In chemistryhellip

Elements of a ldquogoodrdquo line graph

2 axes labeled with units

Temp v Vol for a Gas at Constant Pressure

0123456789

10

120 140 160 180 200 220 240

Temp (K)

Vo

lum

e (

L)

4 use the available space

1 title

3 neat

Graphing HW

TimeTotal Dist

cycled (km)8 am 0

9 am 12

10 am 23

11 am 33

noon 42

1 pm 50

2 pm 57

3 pm 63

4 pm 688 am 9 am 10 am 11 am noon 1 pm 2 pm 3 pm 4 pm

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

Total Distance Cycled (km)

Time (h)

Dis

tan

ce C

ycle

d (

km)

Extrapolation predicting a pattern outside of a data set using the graph

Interpolation estimating a data point within the set of data using the pattern of the graph

Letrsquos Pause for a Test

Essential Mathof Chemistry

Scientific Notationhellipused to express very large or very small

numbers Also used to maintain correct Significant Figures

Form ( from 1 to 9999) x 10exponent

800 = 8 x 10 x 10

= 8 x 102

2531 = 2531 x 10 x 10 x 10

= 2531 x 103

00014 = 14 10 10 10

= 14 x 10ndash3

(-) exponent = number lt 1 (+) exponent = number gt 1

Put in standard form

187 x 10ndash5 = 00000187

37 x 108 = 370000000

788 x 101 = 788

2164 x 10ndash2 = 002164

Change to scientific notation

12340 = 1234 x 104

0369 = 369 x 10ndash1

0008 = 8 x 10ndash3

1000000000 = 1 x 109

602 x 1023 = 602000000000000000000000

Using the Exponent Key EXPEE

The EE or EXP or E key means ldquotimes 10 to thehelliprdquo

How to type out 602 x 1023

6 EE 0 32 2

6 y x 0 32 2

x 16 0 2 EE 320

y x 32x 16 0 2 0

nothellip

orhellip

and nothellip


6 EE 0 32 2

WRONG

WRONG

TOO MUCH WORK

Also know when to hit your (ndash) sign

(before the number

after the number

or either one)

Now letrsquos do some multiplication and division

43 x 10ndash15 43 E ndash15or

12 x 105 28 x 1019

But instead is writtenhellip

=

1 2 EE 5

92 8 EE 1

Type this calculation in like this

This is NOT writtenhellip 43ndash15

42857143 ndash15Calculator giveshellip

42857143 Endash15orhellip

ndash65 x 10ndash19

535 x 103 or 5350

29 x 1023

75 x 10ndash6 (ndash87 x 10ndash14) =

435 x 106 (123 x 10ndash3) =

576 x 10ndash16 986 x 10ndash4 =

88 x 1011 x 33 x 1011 =

584 x 10ndash13

All numerical data are the result

of uncertain measurements

8 m

Accuracy and Precision

precision a measure of the degree of

fineness of a measurement it

depends on the extent to which the

instrument is calibrated

eg vs 800 m vs 800000 m

0653 m

When repeated precise measurements yield similar answers each time

eg precisehellip

imprecisehellip

0652 m

0654 m

07 m

08 m

06 m

accuracy how close a measured

value is to the true value

Three types of error can affect accuracy

human error

method error

instrument error

(minimized with repeated measurements)

eg parallax in measuring with a meter stick

eg bathroom scale that always reads 5 lbs too heavy

mistake in reading instrument

or recording results

measuring device is

improperly calibrated

using measuring instrument improperly

Percent Error

bull Indicates accuracy of a measurement

001

accepted

alexperimenterror

accepted

your value

accepted valueCourtesy Christy Johannesson wwwnisdnetcommunicationsartspageschem

Percent Errorbull A student determines the density of a

substance to be 140 gmL Find the error if the accepted value of the density is 136 gmL

100gmL 136

gmL 136gmL 140error

error = 29

Courtesy Christy Johannesson wwwnisdnetcommunicationsartspageschem

Significant Figures

bull Indicates precision of a measurementbull Sig figs in a measurement include the known

digits plus a final estimated digit

235 cm


Practice Measuring

45 cm

454 cm

30 cm

Timberlake Chemistry 7th Edition page 7

cm0 1 2 3 4 5

cm0 1 2 3 4 5

cm0 1 2 3 4 5

Significant Figures ExampleA student is combining separate water samples all of differing volumes into one large bucket Samples A B and C are 255 mL 1637 mL and 51 mL respectively Once combined what is the total volume of all the samples 9287 mL NO

Because the samples were each measured with a different level of precision we must factor that into our calculations by identifying significant figures (sig figs)

Measurement and Precisionbull The last digit of any measured number is

assumed to be an estimate (uncertain)bull The second to last digit is assumed to be

known with certainty

A (255 mL) B (1637 mL) C (51 mL)

26

25 164

163

60

50

Rules for Identifying the Number of Significant Figures

Counting SF in a numberNon-zero numbers ALWAYS count as SFZeroes

Left NEVER count as SF (0000345)Middle ALWAYS count as SF (5001)Right sometimeshellip

w decimal point count as SF (2510)wo decimal point DO NOT count as SF (8200)

Exact Numbers IGNORE SF (assumed to have an infinite number of SF)

Counts (28 students in this class)Constants (1 mol = 6022 x 1023)Conversions (1 in = 254 cm)

Relative to the non-zero numbers

How many Sig Figs

Measurement Number of SF Measurement Number of SF

25 g

0030 kg

1240560 x 106 mg

6 x 104 sec

24631 g

2006 cm

1050 m

012 kg

1240560 cm

6000000 kg

600 x 106 kg

409 cm

29200 dm

002500 g

2

2

7

1

5

4

4

2

7

1

3

3

5

4

Sig Figs with CalculationsNote For any calculations always perform the entire calculation without rounding and then round the final answer

AdditionSubtractionbull Round the answer to the LEAST number of

decimal places found (least precise)1131 + 33264 + 41 = 48674

MultiplicationDivisionbull Round the answer to the smallest number of

SF found5282 x 342 = 1806444

rarr rounded to 487

rarr rounded to 181 (342 only has 3 SF)

Back to the original questionhellipA student is combining separate water samples all of differing volumes into one large bucket Samples A B and C are 255 mL 1637 mL and 51 mL respectively Once combined what is the total volume of all the samples

255 mL + 1637 mL + 51 mL = 9287 mL

93 mL

Could I write that as 930 NO

Round to the correct number of significant figures

Calculator sayshellip 2 sig figs 3 sig figs 5 sig figs

756

0528396

387600

4200

84845E-4

76 756 75600

38760 x 105388000390000

0528400528053

85 x 10ndash4

42000 x 103 420 x 1034200

848 x 10ndash4 84845 x 10ndash4

= requires scientific notation

Units must be carried into the

answer unless they cancel

064 kgms2

52 kg (29 m)

(18 s)(13 s)=

48 g (23 s)

(18 s)(37 s)= 017 g

s

Solve for x x + y = z

x + y = z ndash y ndash y

x = z ndash y

x and y are connected by addition Separate them using subtraction In general use opposing functions to separate things

The +y and ndashy cancel on the left

leaving us withhellip

Solve for x x ndash 24 = 13

x ndash 24 = 13 +24 +24

x = 37

x and 24 are connected by subtraction Separate them using the opposite function addition

The ndash24 and +24 cancel on the left


Numerical Example

Solve for x F = k x

F = k xk k

x = Fk __

x and k are connected by multiplication Separate them using the opposite function division

( )__1k

F = k x( )__1k

(or)

The two krsquos cancel on the right


Numerical Example

Solve for x 8 = 7 x

8 = 7 x7 7

x and 7 are connected by multiplication Separate them using the opposite function division

( )__17

8 = 7 x( )__17

(or)

The two 7rsquos cancel on the right

leaving us withhellipx =

87 __

Solve for x ___ x

BA = TRH

___

BAH = xTR

One way to solve this is to cross-multiply BAH = xTR

Then divide both sides by TR

The answer ishellip ___BAHTR

x =

1TR( )___1

TR( )___

Solve for T2 wherehellip

P1 = 108 atm

P2 = 086 atm

V1 = 322 L

V2 = 143 L

T1 = 373 K

P1V1T2 =P2V2T1

____ T1

P1V1 = P2V2

T2

____

1P1V1

( )____ 1P1V1

( )____

T2 = P1V1

______P2V2T1

130T2 = (108 atm)(322 L)_____________________(086 atm)(143 L)(373 K)

= K

Yes you will do math like this You will learn to love it


The Metric System

from

Indu

stry

Wee

k 1

981

Nov

embe

r 30

The SI (Metric) Systembull Recall

kilo hecto deca

Base Units

metergramliter

deci centi milli

How can you remember the order of the metric system prefixes

bull King Henry Died by Drinking Chocolate Milk (Use this pneumonic device)ndash King Kilondash Henry Hectondash Died Decandash By Base (m L g)ndash Drinking Decindash Chocolate Centindash Milk Milli

Prefixes to know in the SI (Metric) System

Power of 10 for Prefix Symbol Meaning Scientific Notation_______________________________________________________________________

mega- M 1000000 106

kilo- k 1000 103

deci- d 01 10-1

centi- c 001 10-2

milli- m 0001 10-3

micro- m 0000001 10-6

nano- n 0000000001 10-9

The Commonly Used Prefixes in the SI System

Zumdahl Zumdahl DeCoste World of Chemistry 2002 page 118

Common SI Equivalents

Also

1 mL = 1 cm3 and 1 L = 1 dm3

You will be responsible for knowing these

Letrsquos have another quiz

Conversion Factors andUnit Cancellation

How many cm are in 132 meters

conversion factors

equality

or

132 m = 132 cm

1 m = 100 cm

______1 m100 cm

We use the idea of unit cancellation

to decide upon which one of the two

conversion factors we choose

______1 m

100 cm

1 m100 cm

(or 001 m = 1 cm)

How many m is 872 cm

conversion factors

equality

or

872 cm = 00872 m

1 m = 100 cm

______1 m100 cm

Again the units must cancel

______1 m

100 cm

1 m100 cm

How many kilometers is 15000 decimeters

15000 dm

= 15 km1000 m

1 km10 dm

1 m

How many seconds is 438 days

= 378432 s1 h

60 min24 h1 d 1 min

60 s____( ) ( )____( )_____438 d

378 x 105 sIf we are accounting for significant figures we would change this tohellip

4 Convert 412 cm2 to mm2

412 cm2

Recall thathellip 1 cm = 10 mm

= 4120 mm2

1 cm2

102 mm2

( )2 ( )2

Simple Mathwith

Conversion Factors

Find area of rectangle

A = L W

= (46 cm)(91 cm)

91 cm= 42 cm2 cm

46 cm

Convert to m2 42 cm2 ( )______100 cm

1 m 2 = 00042 m2

Convert to mm2 42 cm2 ( )______ 1 cm10 mm 2 = 4200 mm2

cmcm

For the rectangular solid

Find volume

Length = 142 cm

Width = 86 cm

Height = 215 cm

V = L W H

= (142 cm)(86 cm)(215 cm)

= 2600 cm3

Density how tightly packed the particles are

Density =

Typical units

gcm3 for solids gmL for fluids

Vm D

volumemass m

V D

liquids and gases

Glass liquid or solid

To find volume usehellip

1 a formula

water displacement

V = l ∙ w ∙ hV = p ∙ r2 ∙ h

V =

VfinalVinitial

Vobject = Vfinal ndash Vinitial

2

Density Calculations

1 A sample of lead (Pb) has mass 2270 g and volume 2000 cm3

Find samplersquos density

Vm

D 3cm 20g 227

m

V D

2 Another sample of lead occupies 162 cm3

of space Find samplersquos mass

33 cm 162

cmg

1135 m = D V = 184

3cmg

= 1135

g

V

Indiana Jones Density

bull Watch the famous opening scene to Indiana Jones and the Raiders of the Lost Ark

bull The ldquopure goldrdquo idol has a density of 193 gcm3 How much would it mass

bull Indy replaces the idol with a bag of sand (density = 25 gcm3) Why did he activate the booby trap How much sand should he have used

bull Did you see that toss at the end How much would the idol weigh in lbs (22 lb per kg)

19300 g

7720 cm3 or 772 L

425 lbs

3cmg

3 A 119 g solid cylinder has radius 180 cm and height 150 cm Find samplersquos density

15 cm

18 cm

m

V D

m

V = p r2 h

Vm

D

= p (18 cm)2(15 cm)

= 15268

3cm 15268

g 1195 = 779

cm3

4 A 153 g rectangular solid has edge lengths 820 cm 510 cm and 470 cm Will this object sink in water

82 cm

51 cm

47 cm

m

V D

Vm

D

(Find the objectrsquos density and compare it to waterrsquos density)

m

V = l w h

= 820 cm (510 cm)(470 cm)

3cmg

= 19655

3cm 19655

g 153 = 0778

cm3

lt 1 No it floats

Galilean Thermometer ProblemOn a cold morning a teacher walks into acold classroom and notices that all bulbsin the Galilean thermometer are huddledin a group Where are the bulbs At thetop of the thermometer at the bottom or elsewhere

1 Bulbs have essentially fixed masses

and volumes Therefore each bulb has a fixed density 2 The surrounding liquid has a fixed

mass but its volume is extremely

temperature-dependent

D1

D2

D3

D4

D5

D1

D2

D3

D4

D5

3 The density of the liquid can be written ashellip

liq

liqliq V

m D sohellip

hellipif the liquid is cold hellipbut if itrsquos hot

mliq =

On a cold morningwhere are the bulbs AT THE TOP

Vliq

mliq Dliq=

VliqDliq

Basic Concepts in Chemistry

chemical any substance that takes part in

or occurs as a result of

a chemical reaction

All matter can be considered to be

chemicals or mixtures of chemicals

chemical reaction a rearrangement ofatoms such thathellip

ldquowhat you started withrdquodiffers from

ldquowhat you end up withrdquo products

reactants

methane + oxygen

+ H2O(g)

carbondioxide

O2(g) CO2(g)CH4(g) +

water+

22

Reactants Products

NaOH(aq)

water

Na(s) H2O(l) H2(g) 2

sodium

2 2

hydrogen sodiumhydroxide

+ +

+ +

Reactants Products

Law of Conservation of Mass

total mass total mass

of products of reactants

Pmass = Rmass

=

2 Cu + H2O + CO2 + O2 CuCO3 + Cu(OH)2

Copper ldquopatinardquo is a mixture ofcopper(II) carbonate and copper(II) hydroxide

It has a characteristic green color

Letrsquos read about Lavoisier

bull Letrsquos watch a video on Lavoisierrsquos hypothesis regarding the conservation of mass

Unit 1 Introduction to Chemistry

Worldview A perspective from which we see and interpret all of



Dominion Science

What if microbes were intelligent Worldview

Slide 7

What is Chemistry

Slide 9

The Beginning

Alchemy

Slide 12

Slide 13

Slide 14

Slide 15

Areas of Chemistry


Slide 18



Slide 21


Safety ndash Extremely important in the Chemistry Lab



Toxicity


Chemical Exposure


Science


Corning Glass

Aluminum Mining

Slide 34

Slide 35

How does scientific knowledge advance



Slide 39

Types of Data



Parts of the Scientific Method

A Scientific Experiment


Slide 46

Letrsquos pause for a Quiz (2)


Slide 49


Graphs

Bar Graph

Pie Graph

Line Graph


Graphing HW


Essential Math of Chemistry

Scientific Notation

Slide 60

Using the Exponent Key

Slide 62

Slide 63


Slide 65

Slide 66

Slide 67

Slide 68

Slide 69

Percent Error

Percent Error (2)

Significant Figures

Practice Measuring

Significant Figures Example

Measurement and Precision


How many Sig Figs

Sig Figs with Calculations

Back to the original questionhellip

Slide 80

Slide 81

Slide 82

Numerical Example

Slide 84

Numerical Example (2)

Slide 86

Slide 87


The Metric System

The SI (Metric) System





Conversion Factors and Unit Cancellation

Slide 96

Slide 97

Slide 98

Slide 99

Slide 100

Simple Math with Conversion Factors

Slide 102

Slide 103

Slide 104

Slide 105

Slide 106


Slide 108

Slide 109

Slide 110

Slide 111


Slide 113

Slide 114

Slide 115



WorldviewA perspective from which we see and interpret all of life

ChristianJesus at the Center

Vs

HumanistMan at the Center





upon the earth


Love God

Love one Another

Dominion Science



others

What if microbes



bullQUIZ

What is Chemistry

the study of matter

and its changes


The Beginning


were four elements





D ~~D___

D

___

Alchemy



(~500 ndash 1300 AD)




transmutation

we cannot



into another

COPPER GOLD

Philosopherrsquos

Stone









Natural Science



Meteorology

Oceanography

Ecology

Genetics



Modern Science


physicalinorganic

biochemistry

studies everything

except carbon

eg compounds

containing metals

the study of carbon










pharmaceuticals



petroleum products

synthetic fibers




spandex





OSHAworker

FDA

USDA

CPSC

consumer

EPAenvironment





Lab






Toxicity

Which is more toxic






--

Chemical Exposure




reaction to drugs


asbestos




>
>
>

Science






strong

lightweight

good conductor

Corning Glass




>

Aluminum Mining





4-6 pounds bauxite

current 1 lb Al

+

=

>



correlationhellip





How doesscientific

knowledgeadvance




Robert Boyle




(1661)




uses the fivesenses



colorless liquid --

-- eg eg

descriptions


(vs clear liquid)







hypothesis


experiment








Dependent variable







Develophypothesis

Develophypothesis


experiment


experiment


conclusions


conclusions

Hypothesis IS

supported

Hypothesis IS

supported

Hypothesis is NOT

supported

Hypothesis is NOT

supported

Developtheory

Developtheory



Revisehypothesis

Revisehypothesis


Scientific Method





gravity



G m mF

r


Theory of Gravity

Atomic Theory



theory

-- eg





Graphs



0

2

4

6

8

10

A B C D F

Chemistry Grades

o

f st

ud

ents


Entertainment (40)

Food (25)

Clothing (20)

Savings (15)



0

10

20

30

40

50

60

Jan Feb Mar Apr

Month

Sh

are

Pri

ce (

$)






0123456789

10

120 140 160 180 200 220 240

Temp (K)

Vo

lum

e (

L)


1 title

3 neat

Graphing HW

TimeTotal Dist

cycled (km)8 am 0

9 am 12

10 am 23

11 am 33

noon 42

1 pm 50

2 pm 57

3 pm 63


0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80


Time (h)

Dis

tan

ce C

ycle

d (

km)








800 = 8 x 10 x 10

= 8 x 102

2531 = 2531 x 10 x 10 x 10

= 2531 x 103

00014 = 14 10 10 10

= 14 x 10ndash3



187 x 10ndash5 = 00000187

37 x 108 = 370000000

788 x 101 = 788

2164 x 10ndash2 = 002164


12340 = 1234 x 104

0369 = 369 x 10ndash1

0008 = 8 x 10ndash3

1000000000 = 1 x 109

602 x 1023 = 602000000000000000000000




6 EE 0 32 2

6 y x 0 32 2

x 16 0 2 EE 320

y x 32x 16 0 2 0

nothellip

orhellip

and nothellip


6 EE 0 32 2

WRONG

WRONG

TOO MUCH WORK


(before the number

after the number

or either one)



12 x 105 28 x 1019


=

1 2 EE 5

92 8 EE 1





ndash65 x 10ndash19

535 x 103 or 5350

29 x 1023


435 x 106 (123 x 10ndash3) =

576 x 10ndash16 986 x 10ndash4 =

88 x 1011 x 33 x 1011 =

584 x 10ndash13



8 m






eg vs 800 m vs 800000 m

0653 m


eg precisehellip

imprecisehellip

0652 m

0654 m

07 m

08 m

06 m




human error

method error

instrument error






measuring device is



Percent Error


001

accepted

alexperimenterror

accepted

your value




100gmL 136

gmL 136gmL 140error

error = 29


Significant Figures



235 cm


Practice Measuring

45 cm

454 cm

30 cm


cm0 1 2 3 4 5

cm0 1 2 3 4 5

cm0 1 2 3 4 5






A (255 mL) B (1637 mL) C (51 mL)

26

25 164

163

60

50








How many Sig Figs


25 g

0030 kg

1240560 x 106 mg

6 x 104 sec

24631 g

2006 cm

1050 m

012 kg

1240560 cm

6000000 kg

600 x 106 kg

409 cm

29200 dm

002500 g

2

2

7

1

5

4

4

2

7

1

3

3

5

4





SF found5282 x 342 = 1806444

rarr rounded to 487



255 mL + 1637 mL + 51 mL = 9287 mL

93 mL




756

0528396

387600

4200

84845E-4

76 756 75600

38760 x 105388000390000

0528400528053

85 x 10ndash4

42000 x 103 420 x 1034200

848 x 10ndash4 84845 x 10ndash4




064 kgms2

52 kg (29 m)

(18 s)(13 s)=

48 g (23 s)

(18 s)(37 s)= 017 g

s



x = z ndash y





x ndash 24 = 13 +24 +24

x = 37




Numerical Example

Solve for x F = k x

F = k xk k

x = Fk __


( )__1k

F = k x( )__1k

(or)



Numerical Example

Solve for x 8 = 7 x

8 = 7 x7 7


( )__17

8 = 7 x( )__17

(or)



87 __

Solve for x ___ x

BA = TRH

___

BAH = xTR




x =

1TR( )___1

TR( )___


P1 = 108 atm

P2 = 086 atm

V1 = 322 L

V2 = 143 L

T1 = 373 K

P1V1T2 =P2V2T1

____ T1

P1V1 = P2V2

T2

____

1P1V1

( )____ 1P1V1

( )____

T2 = P1V1

______P2V2T1

130T2 = (108 atm)(322 L)_____________________(086 atm)(143 L)(373 K)

= K



The Metric System

from

Indu

stry

Wee

k 1

981

Nov

embe

r 30


kilo hecto deca

Base Units

metergramliter

deci centi milli





mega- M 1000000 106

kilo- k 1000 103

deci- d 01 10-1

centi- c 001 10-2

milli- m 0001 10-3

micro- m 0000001 10-6

nano- n 0000000001 10-9




Also

1 mL = 1 cm3 and 1 L = 1 dm3





conversion factors

equality

or

132 m = 132 cm

1 m = 100 cm

______1 m100 cm




______1 m

100 cm

1 m100 cm

(or 001 m = 1 cm)


conversion factors

equality

or

872 cm = 00872 m

1 m = 100 cm

______1 m100 cm


______1 m

100 cm

1 m100 cm


15000 dm

= 15 km1000 m

1 km10 dm

1 m


= 378432 s1 h

60 min24 h1 d 1 min

60 s____( ) ( )____( )_____438 d



412 cm2


= 4120 mm2

1 cm2

102 mm2

( )2 ( )2

Simple Mathwith

Conversion Factors


A = L W

= (46 cm)(91 cm)

91 cm= 42 cm2 cm

46 cm

Convert to m2 42 cm2 ( )______100 cm

1 m 2 = 00042 m2


cmcm


Find volume

Length = 142 cm

Width = 86 cm

Height = 215 cm

V = L W H

= (142 cm)(86 cm)(215 cm)

= 2600 cm3


Density =

Typical units


Vm D

volumemass m

V D

liquids and gases



1 a formula

water displacement

V = l ∙ w ∙ hV = p ∙ r2 ∙ h

V =

VfinalVinitial


2




Vm

D 3cm 20g 227

m

V D



33 cm 162

cmg

1135 m = D V = 184

3cmg

= 1135

g

V






19300 g

7720 cm3 or 772 L

425 lbs

3cmg


15 cm

18 cm

m

V D

m

V = p r2 h

Vm

D

= p (18 cm)2(15 cm)

= 15268

3cm 15268

g 1195 = 779

cm3


82 cm

51 cm

47 cm

m

V D

Vm

D


m

V = l w h

= 820 cm (510 cm)(470 cm)

3cmg

= 19655

3cm 19655

g 153 = 0778

cm3

lt 1 No it floats






D1

D2

D3

D4

D5

D1

D2

D3

D4

D5


liq

liqliq V

m D sohellip


mliq =


Vliq

mliq Dliq=

VliqDliq




a chemical reaction






reactants

methane + oxygen

+ H2O(g)

carbondioxide


water+

22

Reactants Products

NaOH(aq)

water


sodium

2 2


+ +

+ +

Reactants Products




Pmass = Rmass

=










Dominion Science


Slide 7

What is Chemistry

Slide 9

The Beginning

Alchemy

Slide 12

Slide 13

Slide 14

Slide 15

Areas of Chemistry


Slide 18



Slide 21





Toxicity


Chemical Exposure


Science


Corning Glass

Aluminum Mining

Slide 34

Slide 35




Slide 39

Types of Data






Slide 46



Slide 49


Graphs

Bar Graph

Pie Graph

Line Graph


Graphing HW



Scientific Notation

Slide 60


Slide 62

Slide 63


Slide 65

Slide 66

Slide 67

Slide 68

Slide 69

Percent Error

Percent Error (2)

Significant Figures

Practice Measuring




How many Sig Figs



Slide 80

Slide 81

Slide 82

Numerical Example

Slide 84


Slide 86

Slide 87


The Metric System







Slide 96

Slide 97

Slide 98

Slide 99

Slide 100


Slide 102

Slide 103

Slide 104

Slide 105

Slide 106


Slide 108

Slide 109

Slide 110

Slide 111


Slide 113

Slide 114

Slide 115







upon the earth


Love God

Love one Another

Dominion Science



others

What if microbes



bullQUIZ

What is Chemistry

the study of matter

and its changes


The Beginning


were four elements





D ~~D___

D

___

Alchemy



(~500 ndash 1300 AD)




transmutation

we cannot



into another

COPPER GOLD

Philosopherrsquos

Stone









Natural Science



Meteorology

Oceanography

Ecology

Genetics



Modern Science


physicalinorganic

biochemistry

studies everything

except carbon

eg compounds

containing metals

the study of carbon










pharmaceuticals



petroleum products

synthetic fibers




spandex





OSHAworker

FDA

USDA

CPSC

consumer

EPAenvironment





Lab






Toxicity

Which is more toxic






--

Chemical Exposure




reaction to drugs


asbestos




>
>
>

Science






strong

lightweight

good conductor

Corning Glass




>

Aluminum Mining





4-6 pounds bauxite

current 1 lb Al

+

=

>



correlationhellip





How doesscientific

knowledgeadvance




Robert Boyle




(1661)




uses the fivesenses



colorless liquid --

-- eg eg

descriptions


(vs clear liquid)







hypothesis


experiment








Dependent variable







Develophypothesis

Develophypothesis


experiment


experiment


conclusions


conclusions

Hypothesis IS

supported

Hypothesis IS

supported

Hypothesis is NOT

supported

Hypothesis is NOT

supported

Developtheory

Developtheory



Revisehypothesis

Revisehypothesis


Scientific Method





gravity



G m mF

r


Theory of Gravity

Atomic Theory



theory

-- eg





Graphs



0

2

4

6

8

10

A B C D F

Chemistry Grades

o

f st

ud

ents


Entertainment (40)

Food (25)

Clothing (20)

Savings (15)



0

10

20

30

40

50

60

Jan Feb Mar Apr

Month

Sh

are

Pri

ce (

$)






0123456789

10

120 140 160 180 200 220 240

Temp (K)

Vo

lum

e (

L)


1 title

3 neat

Graphing HW

TimeTotal Dist

cycled (km)8 am 0

9 am 12

10 am 23

11 am 33

noon 42

1 pm 50

2 pm 57

3 pm 63


0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80


Time (h)

Dis

tan

ce C

ycle

d (

km)








800 = 8 x 10 x 10

= 8 x 102

2531 = 2531 x 10 x 10 x 10

= 2531 x 103

00014 = 14 10 10 10

= 14 x 10ndash3



187 x 10ndash5 = 00000187

37 x 108 = 370000000

788 x 101 = 788

2164 x 10ndash2 = 002164


12340 = 1234 x 104

0369 = 369 x 10ndash1

0008 = 8 x 10ndash3

1000000000 = 1 x 109

602 x 1023 = 602000000000000000000000




6 EE 0 32 2

6 y x 0 32 2

x 16 0 2 EE 320

y x 32x 16 0 2 0

nothellip

orhellip

and nothellip


6 EE 0 32 2

WRONG

WRONG

TOO MUCH WORK


(before the number

after the number

or either one)



12 x 105 28 x 1019


=

1 2 EE 5

92 8 EE 1





ndash65 x 10ndash19

535 x 103 or 5350

29 x 1023


435 x 106 (123 x 10ndash3) =

576 x 10ndash16 986 x 10ndash4 =

88 x 1011 x 33 x 1011 =

584 x 10ndash13



8 m






eg vs 800 m vs 800000 m

0653 m


eg precisehellip

imprecisehellip

0652 m

0654 m

07 m

08 m

06 m




human error

method error

instrument error






measuring device is



Percent Error


001

accepted

alexperimenterror

accepted

your value




100gmL 136

gmL 136gmL 140error

error = 29


Significant Figures



235 cm


Practice Measuring

45 cm

454 cm

30 cm


cm0 1 2 3 4 5

cm0 1 2 3 4 5

cm0 1 2 3 4 5






A (255 mL) B (1637 mL) C (51 mL)

26

25 164

163

60

50








How many Sig Figs


25 g

0030 kg

1240560 x 106 mg

6 x 104 sec

24631 g

2006 cm

1050 m

012 kg

1240560 cm

6000000 kg

600 x 106 kg

409 cm

29200 dm

002500 g

2

2

7

1

5

4

4

2

7

1

3

3

5

4





SF found5282 x 342 = 1806444

rarr rounded to 487



255 mL + 1637 mL + 51 mL = 9287 mL

93 mL




756

0528396

387600

4200

84845E-4

76 756 75600

38760 x 105388000390000

0528400528053

85 x 10ndash4

42000 x 103 420 x 1034200

848 x 10ndash4 84845 x 10ndash4




064 kgms2

52 kg (29 m)

(18 s)(13 s)=

48 g (23 s)

(18 s)(37 s)= 017 g

s



x = z ndash y





x ndash 24 = 13 +24 +24

x = 37




Numerical Example

Solve for x F = k x

F = k xk k

x = Fk __


( )__1k

F = k x( )__1k

(or)



Numerical Example

Solve for x 8 = 7 x

8 = 7 x7 7


( )__17

8 = 7 x( )__17

(or)



87 __

Solve for x ___ x

BA = TRH

___

BAH = xTR




x =

1TR( )___1

TR( )___


P1 = 108 atm

P2 = 086 atm

V1 = 322 L

V2 = 143 L

T1 = 373 K

P1V1T2 =P2V2T1

____ T1

P1V1 = P2V2

T2

____

1P1V1

( )____ 1P1V1

( )____

T2 = P1V1

______P2V2T1

130T2 = (108 atm)(322 L)_____________________(086 atm)(143 L)(373 K)

= K



The Metric System

from

Indu

stry

Wee

k 1

981

Nov

embe

r 30


kilo hecto deca

Base Units

metergramliter

deci centi milli





mega- M 1000000 106

kilo- k 1000 103

deci- d 01 10-1

centi- c 001 10-2

milli- m 0001 10-3

micro- m 0000001 10-6

nano- n 0000000001 10-9




Also

1 mL = 1 cm3 and 1 L = 1 dm3





conversion factors

equality

or

132 m = 132 cm

1 m = 100 cm

______1 m100 cm




______1 m

100 cm

1 m100 cm

(or 001 m = 1 cm)


conversion factors

equality

or

872 cm = 00872 m

1 m = 100 cm

______1 m100 cm


______1 m

100 cm

1 m100 cm


15000 dm

= 15 km1000 m

1 km10 dm

1 m


= 378432 s1 h

60 min24 h1 d 1 min

60 s____( ) ( )____( )_____438 d



412 cm2


= 4120 mm2

1 cm2

102 mm2

( )2 ( )2

Simple Mathwith

Conversion Factors


A = L W

= (46 cm)(91 cm)

91 cm= 42 cm2 cm

46 cm

Convert to m2 42 cm2 ( )______100 cm

1 m 2 = 00042 m2


cmcm


Find volume

Length = 142 cm

Width = 86 cm

Height = 215 cm

V = L W H

= (142 cm)(86 cm)(215 cm)

= 2600 cm3


Density =

Typical units


Vm D

volumemass m

V D

liquids and gases



1 a formula

water displacement

V = l ∙ w ∙ hV = p ∙ r2 ∙ h

V =

VfinalVinitial


2




Vm

D 3cm 20g 227

m

V D



33 cm 162

cmg

1135 m = D V = 184

3cmg

= 1135

g

V






19300 g

7720 cm3 or 772 L

425 lbs

3cmg


15 cm

18 cm

m

V D

m

V = p r2 h

Vm

D

= p (18 cm)2(15 cm)

= 15268

3cm 15268

g 1195 = 779

cm3


82 cm

51 cm

47 cm

m

V D

Vm

D


m

V = l w h

= 820 cm (510 cm)(470 cm)

3cmg

= 19655

3cm 19655

g 153 = 0778

cm3

lt 1 No it floats






D1

D2

D3

D4

D5

D1

D2

D3

D4

D5


liq

liqliq V

m D sohellip


mliq =


Vliq

mliq Dliq=

VliqDliq




a chemical reaction






reactants

methane + oxygen

+ H2O(g)

carbondioxide


water+

22

Reactants Products

NaOH(aq)

water


sodium

2 2


+ +

+ +

Reactants Products




Pmass = Rmass

=










Dominion Science


Slide 7

What is Chemistry

Slide 9

The Beginning

Alchemy

Slide 12

Slide 13

Slide 14

Slide 15

Areas of Chemistry


Slide 18



Slide 21





Toxicity


Chemical Exposure


Science


Corning Glass

Aluminum Mining

Slide 34

Slide 35




Slide 39

Types of Data






Slide 46



Slide 49


Graphs

Bar Graph

Pie Graph

Line Graph


Graphing HW



Scientific Notation

Slide 60


Slide 62

Slide 63


Slide 65

Slide 66

Slide 67

Slide 68

Slide 69

Percent Error

Percent Error (2)

Significant Figures

Practice Measuring




How many Sig Figs



Slide 80

Slide 81

Slide 82

Numerical Example

Slide 84


Slide 86

Slide 87


The Metric System







Slide 96

Slide 97

Slide 98

Slide 99

Slide 100


Slide 102

Slide 103

Slide 104

Slide 105

Slide 106


Slide 108

Slide 109

Slide 110

Slide 111


Slide 113

Slide 114

Slide 115




Love God

Love one Another

Dominion Science



others

What if microbes



bullQUIZ

What is Chemistry

the study of matter

and its changes


The Beginning


were four elements





D ~~D___

D

___

Alchemy



(~500 ndash 1300 AD)




transmutation

we cannot



into another

COPPER GOLD

Philosopherrsquos

Stone









Natural Science



Meteorology

Oceanography

Ecology

Genetics



Modern Science


physicalinorganic

biochemistry

studies everything

except carbon

eg compounds

containing metals

the study of carbon










pharmaceuticals



petroleum products

synthetic fibers




spandex





OSHAworker

FDA

USDA

CPSC

consumer

EPAenvironment





Lab






Toxicity

Which is more toxic






--

Chemical Exposure




reaction to drugs


asbestos




>
>
>

Science






strong

lightweight

good conductor

Corning Glass




>

Aluminum Mining





4-6 pounds bauxite

current 1 lb Al

+

=

>



correlationhellip





How doesscientific

knowledgeadvance




Robert Boyle




(1661)




uses the fivesenses



colorless liquid --

-- eg eg

descriptions


(vs clear liquid)







hypothesis


experiment








Dependent variable







Develophypothesis

Develophypothesis


experiment


experiment


conclusions


conclusions

Hypothesis IS

supported

Hypothesis IS

supported

Hypothesis is NOT

supported

Hypothesis is NOT

supported

Developtheory

Developtheory



Revisehypothesis

Revisehypothesis


Scientific Method





gravity



G m mF

r


Theory of Gravity

Atomic Theory



theory

-- eg





Graphs



0

2

4

6

8

10

A B C D F

Chemistry Grades

o

f st

ud

ents


Entertainment (40)

Food (25)

Clothing (20)

Savings (15)



0

10

20

30

40

50

60

Jan Feb Mar Apr

Month

Sh

are

Pri

ce (

$)






0123456789

10

120 140 160 180 200 220 240

Temp (K)

Vo

lum

e (

L)


1 title

3 neat

Graphing HW

TimeTotal Dist

cycled (km)8 am 0

9 am 12

10 am 23

11 am 33

noon 42

1 pm 50

2 pm 57

3 pm 63


0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80


Time (h)

Dis

tan

ce C

ycle

d (

km)








800 = 8 x 10 x 10

= 8 x 102

2531 = 2531 x 10 x 10 x 10

= 2531 x 103

00014 = 14 10 10 10

= 14 x 10ndash3



187 x 10ndash5 = 00000187

37 x 108 = 370000000

788 x 101 = 788

2164 x 10ndash2 = 002164


12340 = 1234 x 104

0369 = 369 x 10ndash1

0008 = 8 x 10ndash3

1000000000 = 1 x 109

602 x 1023 = 602000000000000000000000




6 EE 0 32 2

6 y x 0 32 2

x 16 0 2 EE 320

y x 32x 16 0 2 0

nothellip

orhellip

and nothellip


6 EE 0 32 2

WRONG

WRONG

TOO MUCH WORK


(before the number

after the number

or either one)



12 x 105 28 x 1019


=

1 2 EE 5

92 8 EE 1





ndash65 x 10ndash19

535 x 103 or 5350

29 x 1023


435 x 106 (123 x 10ndash3) =

576 x 10ndash16 986 x 10ndash4 =

88 x 1011 x 33 x 1011 =

584 x 10ndash13



8 m






eg vs 800 m vs 800000 m

0653 m


eg precisehellip

imprecisehellip

0652 m

0654 m

07 m

08 m

06 m




human error

method error

instrument error






measuring device is



Percent Error


001

accepted

alexperimenterror

accepted

your value




100gmL 136

gmL 136gmL 140error

error = 29


Significant Figures



235 cm


Practice Measuring

45 cm

454 cm

30 cm


cm0 1 2 3 4 5

cm0 1 2 3 4 5

cm0 1 2 3 4 5






A (255 mL) B (1637 mL) C (51 mL)

26

25 164

163

60

50








How many Sig Figs


25 g

0030 kg

1240560 x 106 mg

6 x 104 sec

24631 g

2006 cm

1050 m

012 kg

1240560 cm

6000000 kg

600 x 106 kg

409 cm

29200 dm

002500 g

2

2

7

1

5

4

4

2

7

1

3

3

5

4





SF found5282 x 342 = 1806444

rarr rounded to 487



255 mL + 1637 mL + 51 mL = 9287 mL

93 mL




756

0528396

387600

4200

84845E-4

76 756 75600

38760 x 105388000390000

0528400528053

85 x 10ndash4

42000 x 103 420 x 1034200

848 x 10ndash4 84845 x 10ndash4




064 kgms2

52 kg (29 m)

(18 s)(13 s)=

48 g (23 s)

(18 s)(37 s)= 017 g

s



x = z ndash y





x ndash 24 = 13 +24 +24

x = 37




Numerical Example

Solve for x F = k x

F = k xk k

x = Fk __


( )__1k

F = k x( )__1k

(or)



Numerical Example

Solve for x 8 = 7 x

8 = 7 x7 7


( )__17

8 = 7 x( )__17

(or)



87 __

Solve for x ___ x

BA = TRH

___

BAH = xTR




x =

1TR( )___1

TR( )___


P1 = 108 atm

P2 = 086 atm

V1 = 322 L

V2 = 143 L

T1 = 373 K

P1V1T2 =P2V2T1

____ T1

P1V1 = P2V2

T2

____

1P1V1

( )____ 1P1V1

( )____

T2 = P1V1

______P2V2T1

130T2 = (108 atm)(322 L)_____________________(086 atm)(143 L)(373 K)

= K



The Metric System

from

Indu

stry

Wee

k 1

981

Nov

embe

r 30


kilo hecto deca

Base Units

metergramliter

deci centi milli





mega- M 1000000 106

kilo- k 1000 103

deci- d 01 10-1

centi- c 001 10-2

milli- m 0001 10-3

micro- m 0000001 10-6

nano- n 0000000001 10-9




Also

1 mL = 1 cm3 and 1 L = 1 dm3





conversion factors

equality

or

132 m = 132 cm

1 m = 100 cm

______1 m100 cm




______1 m

100 cm

1 m100 cm

(or 001 m = 1 cm)


conversion factors

equality

or

872 cm = 00872 m

1 m = 100 cm

______1 m100 cm


______1 m

100 cm

1 m100 cm


15000 dm

= 15 km1000 m

1 km10 dm

1 m


= 378432 s1 h

60 min24 h1 d 1 min

60 s____( ) ( )____( )_____438 d



412 cm2


= 4120 mm2

1 cm2

102 mm2

( )2 ( )2

Simple Mathwith

Conversion Factors


A = L W

= (46 cm)(91 cm)

91 cm= 42 cm2 cm

46 cm

Convert to m2 42 cm2 ( )______100 cm

1 m 2 = 00042 m2


cmcm


Find volume

Length = 142 cm

Width = 86 cm

Height = 215 cm

V = L W H

= (142 cm)(86 cm)(215 cm)

= 2600 cm3


Density =

Typical units


Vm D

volumemass m

V D

liquids and gases



1 a formula

water displacement

V = l ∙ w ∙ hV = p ∙ r2 ∙ h

V =

VfinalVinitial


2




Vm

D 3cm 20g 227

m

V D



33 cm 162

cmg

1135 m = D V = 184

3cmg

= 1135

g

V






19300 g

7720 cm3 or 772 L

425 lbs

3cmg


15 cm

18 cm

m

V D

m

V = p r2 h

Vm

D

= p (18 cm)2(15 cm)

= 15268

3cm 15268

g 1195 = 779

cm3


82 cm

51 cm

47 cm

m

V D

Vm

D


m

V = l w h

= 820 cm (510 cm)(470 cm)

3cmg

= 19655

3cm 19655

g 153 = 0778

cm3

lt 1 No it floats






D1

D2

D3

D4

D5

D1

D2

D3

D4

D5


liq

liqliq V

m D sohellip


mliq =


Vliq

mliq Dliq=

VliqDliq




a chemical reaction






reactants

methane + oxygen

+ H2O(g)

carbondioxide


water+

22

Reactants Products

NaOH(aq)

water


sodium

2 2


+ +

+ +

Reactants Products




Pmass = Rmass

=










Dominion Science


Slide 7

What is Chemistry

Slide 9

The Beginning

Alchemy

Slide 12

Slide 13

Slide 14

Slide 15

Areas of Chemistry


Slide 18



Slide 21





Toxicity


Chemical Exposure


Science


Corning Glass

Aluminum Mining

Slide 34

Slide 35




Slide 39

Types of Data






Slide 46



Slide 49


Graphs

Bar Graph

Pie Graph

Line Graph


Graphing HW



Scientific Notation

Slide 60


Slide 62

Slide 63


Slide 65

Slide 66

Slide 67

Slide 68

Slide 69

Percent Error

Percent Error (2)

Significant Figures

Practice Measuring




How many Sig Figs



Slide 80

Slide 81

Slide 82

Numerical Example

Slide 84


Slide 86

Slide 87


The Metric System







Slide 96

Slide 97

Slide 98

Slide 99

Slide 100


Slide 102

Slide 103

Slide 104

Slide 105

Slide 106


Slide 108

Slide 109

Slide 110

Slide 111


Slide 113

Slide 114

Slide 115



Dominion Science



others

What if microbes



bullQUIZ

What is Chemistry

the study of matter

and its changes


The Beginning


were four elements





D ~~D___

D

___

Alchemy



(~500 ndash 1300 AD)




transmutation

we cannot



into another

COPPER GOLD

Philosopherrsquos

Stone









Natural Science



Meteorology

Oceanography

Ecology

Genetics



Modern Science


physicalinorganic

biochemistry

studies everything

except carbon

eg compounds

containing metals

the study of carbon










pharmaceuticals



petroleum products

synthetic fibers




spandex





OSHAworker

FDA

USDA

CPSC

consumer

EPAenvironment





Lab






Toxicity

Which is more toxic






--

Chemical Exposure




reaction to drugs


asbestos




>
>
>

Science






strong

lightweight

good conductor

Corning Glass




>

Aluminum Mining





4-6 pounds bauxite

current 1 lb Al

+

=

>



correlationhellip





How doesscientific

knowledgeadvance




Robert Boyle




(1661)




uses the fivesenses



colorless liquid --

-- eg eg

descriptions


(vs clear liquid)







hypothesis


experiment








Dependent variable







Develophypothesis

Develophypothesis


experiment


experiment


conclusions


conclusions

Hypothesis IS

supported

Hypothesis IS

supported

Hypothesis is NOT

supported

Hypothesis is NOT

supported

Developtheory

Developtheory



Revisehypothesis

Revisehypothesis


Scientific Method





gravity



G m mF

r


Theory of Gravity

Atomic Theory



theory

-- eg





Graphs



0

2

4

6

8

10

A B C D F

Chemistry Grades

o

f st

ud

ents


Entertainment (40)

Food (25)

Clothing (20)

Savings (15)



0

10

20

30

40

50

60

Jan Feb Mar Apr

Month

Sh

are

Pri

ce (

$)






0123456789

10

120 140 160 180 200 220 240

Temp (K)

Vo

lum

e (

L)


1 title

3 neat

Graphing HW

TimeTotal Dist

cycled (km)8 am 0

9 am 12

10 am 23

11 am 33

noon 42

1 pm 50

2 pm 57

3 pm 63


0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80


Time (h)

Dis

tan

ce C

ycle

d (

km)








800 = 8 x 10 x 10

= 8 x 102

2531 = 2531 x 10 x 10 x 10

= 2531 x 103

00014 = 14 10 10 10

= 14 x 10ndash3



187 x 10ndash5 = 00000187

37 x 108 = 370000000

788 x 101 = 788

2164 x 10ndash2 = 002164


12340 = 1234 x 104

0369 = 369 x 10ndash1

0008 = 8 x 10ndash3

1000000000 = 1 x 109

602 x 1023 = 602000000000000000000000




6 EE 0 32 2

6 y x 0 32 2

x 16 0 2 EE 320

y x 32x 16 0 2 0

nothellip

orhellip

and nothellip


6 EE 0 32 2

WRONG

WRONG

TOO MUCH WORK


(before the number

after the number

or either one)



12 x 105 28 x 1019


=

1 2 EE 5

92 8 EE 1





ndash65 x 10ndash19

535 x 103 or 5350

29 x 1023


435 x 106 (123 x 10ndash3) =

576 x 10ndash16 986 x 10ndash4 =

88 x 1011 x 33 x 1011 =

584 x 10ndash13



8 m






eg vs 800 m vs 800000 m

0653 m


eg precisehellip

imprecisehellip

0652 m

0654 m

07 m

08 m

06 m




human error

method error

instrument error






measuring device is



Percent Error


001

accepted

alexperimenterror

accepted

your value




100gmL 136

gmL 136gmL 140error

error = 29


Significant Figures



235 cm


Practice Measuring

45 cm

454 cm

30 cm


cm0 1 2 3 4 5

cm0 1 2 3 4 5

cm0 1 2 3 4 5






A (255 mL) B (1637 mL) C (51 mL)

26

25 164

163

60

50








How many Sig Figs


25 g

0030 kg

1240560 x 106 mg

6 x 104 sec

24631 g

2006 cm

1050 m

012 kg

1240560 cm

6000000 kg

600 x 106 kg

409 cm

29200 dm

002500 g

2

2

7

1

5

4

4

2

7

1

3

3

5

4





SF found5282 x 342 = 1806444

rarr rounded to 487



255 mL + 1637 mL + 51 mL = 9287 mL

93 mL




756

0528396

387600

4200

84845E-4

76 756 75600

38760 x 105388000390000

0528400528053

85 x 10ndash4

42000 x 103 420 x 1034200

848 x 10ndash4 84845 x 10ndash4




064 kgms2

52 kg (29 m)

(18 s)(13 s)=

48 g (23 s)

(18 s)(37 s)= 017 g

s



x = z ndash y





x ndash 24 = 13 +24 +24

x = 37




Numerical Example

Solve for x F = k x

F = k xk k

x = Fk __


( )__1k

F = k x( )__1k

(or)



Numerical Example

Solve for x 8 = 7 x

8 = 7 x7 7


( )__17

8 = 7 x( )__17

(or)



87 __

Solve for x ___ x

BA = TRH

___

BAH = xTR




x =

1TR( )___1

TR( )___


P1 = 108 atm

P2 = 086 atm

V1 = 322 L

V2 = 143 L

T1 = 373 K

P1V1T2 =P2V2T1

____ T1

P1V1 = P2V2

T2

____

1P1V1

( )____ 1P1V1

( )____

T2 = P1V1

______P2V2T1

130T2 = (108 atm)(322 L)_____________________(086 atm)(143 L)(373 K)

= K



The Metric System

from

Indu

stry

Wee

k 1

981

Nov

embe

r 30


kilo hecto deca

Base Units

metergramliter

deci centi milli





mega- M 1000000 106

kilo- k 1000 103

deci- d 01 10-1

centi- c 001 10-2

milli- m 0001 10-3

micro- m 0000001 10-6

nano- n 0000000001 10-9




Also

1 mL = 1 cm3 and 1 L = 1 dm3





conversion factors

equality

or

132 m = 132 cm

1 m = 100 cm

______1 m100 cm




______1 m

100 cm

1 m100 cm

(or 001 m = 1 cm)


conversion factors

equality

or

872 cm = 00872 m

1 m = 100 cm

______1 m100 cm


______1 m

100 cm

1 m100 cm


15000 dm

= 15 km1000 m

1 km10 dm

1 m


= 378432 s1 h

60 min24 h1 d 1 min

60 s____( ) ( )____( )_____438 d



412 cm2


= 4120 mm2

1 cm2

102 mm2

( )2 ( )2

Simple Mathwith

Conversion Factors


A = L W

= (46 cm)(91 cm)

91 cm= 42 cm2 cm

46 cm

Convert to m2 42 cm2 ( )______100 cm

1 m 2 = 00042 m2


cmcm


Find volume

Length = 142 cm

Width = 86 cm

Height = 215 cm

V = L W H

= (142 cm)(86 cm)(215 cm)

= 2600 cm3


Density =

Typical units


Vm D

volumemass m

V D

liquids and gases



1 a formula

water displacement

V = l ∙ w ∙ hV = p ∙ r2 ∙ h

V =

VfinalVinitial


2




Vm

D 3cm 20g 227

m

V D



33 cm 162

cmg

1135 m = D V = 184

3cmg

= 1135

g

V






19300 g

7720 cm3 or 772 L

425 lbs

3cmg


15 cm

18 cm

m

V D

m

V = p r2 h

Vm

D

= p (18 cm)2(15 cm)

= 15268

3cm 15268

g 1195 = 779

cm3


82 cm

51 cm

47 cm

m

V D

Vm

D


m

V = l w h

= 820 cm (510 cm)(470 cm)

3cmg

= 19655

3cm 19655

g 153 = 0778

cm3

lt 1 No it floats






D1

D2

D3

D4

D5

D1

D2

D3

D4

D5


liq

liqliq V

m D sohellip


mliq =


Vliq

mliq Dliq=

VliqDliq




a chemical reaction






reactants

methane + oxygen

+ H2O(g)

carbondioxide


water+

22

Reactants Products

NaOH(aq)

water


sodium

2 2


+ +

+ +

Reactants Products




Pmass = Rmass

=










Dominion Science


Slide 7

What is Chemistry

Slide 9

The Beginning

Alchemy

Slide 12

Slide 13

Slide 14

Slide 15

Areas of Chemistry


Slide 18



Slide 21





Toxicity


Chemical Exposure


Science


Corning Glass

Aluminum Mining

Slide 34

Slide 35




Slide 39

Types of Data






Slide 46



Slide 49


Graphs

Bar Graph

Pie Graph

Line Graph


Graphing HW



Scientific Notation

Slide 60


Slide 62

Slide 63


Slide 65

Slide 66

Slide 67

Slide 68

Slide 69

Percent Error

Percent Error (2)

Significant Figures

Practice Measuring




How many Sig Figs



Slide 80

Slide 81

Slide 82

Numerical Example

Slide 84


Slide 86

Slide 87


The Metric System







Slide 96

Slide 97

Slide 98

Slide 99

Slide 100


Slide 102

Slide 103

Slide 104

Slide 105

Slide 106


Slide 108

Slide 109

Slide 110

Slide 111


Slide 113

Slide 114

Slide 115



What if microbes



bullQUIZ

What is Chemistry

the study of matter

and its changes


The Beginning


were four elements





D ~~D___

D

___

Alchemy



(~500 ndash 1300 AD)




transmutation

we cannot



into another

COPPER GOLD

Philosopherrsquos

Stone









Natural Science



Meteorology

Oceanography

Ecology

Genetics



Modern Science


physicalinorganic

biochemistry

studies everything

except carbon

eg compounds

containing metals

the study of carbon










pharmaceuticals



petroleum products

synthetic fibers




spandex





OSHAworker

FDA

USDA

CPSC

consumer

EPAenvironment





Lab






Toxicity

Which is more toxic






--

Chemical Exposure




reaction to drugs


asbestos




>
>
>

Science






strong

lightweight

good conductor

Corning Glass




>

Aluminum Mining





4-6 pounds bauxite

current 1 lb Al

+

=

>



correlationhellip





How doesscientific

knowledgeadvance




Robert Boyle




(1661)




uses the fivesenses



colorless liquid --

-- eg eg

descriptions


(vs clear liquid)







hypothesis


experiment








Dependent variable







Develophypothesis

Develophypothesis


experiment


experiment


conclusions


conclusions

Hypothesis IS

supported

Hypothesis IS

supported

Hypothesis is NOT

supported

Hypothesis is NOT

supported

Developtheory

Developtheory



Revisehypothesis

Revisehypothesis


Scientific Method





gravity



G m mF

r


Theory of Gravity

Atomic Theory



theory

-- eg





Graphs



0

2

4

6

8

10

A B C D F

Chemistry Grades

o

f st

ud

ents


Entertainment (40)

Food (25)

Clothing (20)

Savings (15)



0

10

20

30

40

50

60

Jan Feb Mar Apr

Month

Sh

are

Pri

ce (

$)






0123456789

10

120 140 160 180 200 220 240

Temp (K)

Vo

lum

e (

L)


1 title

3 neat

Graphing HW

TimeTotal Dist

cycled (km)8 am 0

9 am 12

10 am 23

11 am 33

noon 42

1 pm 50

2 pm 57

3 pm 63


0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80


Time (h)

Dis

tan

ce C

ycle

d (

km)








800 = 8 x 10 x 10

= 8 x 102

2531 = 2531 x 10 x 10 x 10

= 2531 x 103

00014 = 14 10 10 10

= 14 x 10ndash3



187 x 10ndash5 = 00000187

37 x 108 = 370000000

788 x 101 = 788

2164 x 10ndash2 = 002164


12340 = 1234 x 104

0369 = 369 x 10ndash1

0008 = 8 x 10ndash3

1000000000 = 1 x 109

602 x 1023 = 602000000000000000000000




6 EE 0 32 2

6 y x 0 32 2

x 16 0 2 EE 320

y x 32x 16 0 2 0

nothellip

orhellip

and nothellip


6 EE 0 32 2

WRONG

WRONG

TOO MUCH WORK


(before the number

after the number

or either one)



12 x 105 28 x 1019


=

1 2 EE 5

92 8 EE 1





ndash65 x 10ndash19

535 x 103 or 5350

29 x 1023


435 x 106 (123 x 10ndash3) =

576 x 10ndash16 986 x 10ndash4 =

88 x 1011 x 33 x 1011 =

584 x 10ndash13



8 m






eg vs 800 m vs 800000 m

0653 m


eg precisehellip

imprecisehellip

0652 m

0654 m

07 m

08 m

06 m




human error

method error

instrument error






measuring device is



Percent Error


001

accepted

alexperimenterror

accepted

your value




100gmL 136

gmL 136gmL 140error

error = 29


Significant Figures



235 cm


Practice Measuring

45 cm

454 cm

30 cm


cm0 1 2 3 4 5

cm0 1 2 3 4 5

cm0 1 2 3 4 5






A (255 mL) B (1637 mL) C (51 mL)

26

25 164

163

60

50








How many Sig Figs


25 g

0030 kg

1240560 x 106 mg

6 x 104 sec

24631 g

2006 cm

1050 m

012 kg

1240560 cm

6000000 kg

600 x 106 kg

409 cm

29200 dm

002500 g

2

2

7

1

5

4

4

2

7

1

3

3

5

4





SF found5282 x 342 = 1806444

rarr rounded to 487



255 mL + 1637 mL + 51 mL = 9287 mL

93 mL




756

0528396

387600

4200

84845E-4

76 756 75600

38760 x 105388000390000

0528400528053

85 x 10ndash4

42000 x 103 420 x 1034200

848 x 10ndash4 84845 x 10ndash4




064 kgms2

52 kg (29 m)

(18 s)(13 s)=

48 g (23 s)

(18 s)(37 s)= 017 g

s



x = z ndash y





x ndash 24 = 13 +24 +24

x = 37




Numerical Example

Solve for x F = k x

F = k xk k

x = Fk __


( )__1k

F = k x( )__1k

(or)



Numerical Example

Solve for x 8 = 7 x

8 = 7 x7 7


( )__17

8 = 7 x( )__17

(or)



87 __

Solve for x ___ x

BA = TRH

___

BAH = xTR




x =

1TR( )___1

TR( )___


P1 = 108 atm

P2 = 086 atm

V1 = 322 L

V2 = 143 L

T1 = 373 K

P1V1T2 =P2V2T1

____ T1

P1V1 = P2V2

T2

____

1P1V1

( )____ 1P1V1

( )____

T2 = P1V1

______P2V2T1

130T2 = (108 atm)(322 L)_____________________(086 atm)(143 L)(373 K)

= K



The Metric System

from

Indu

stry

Wee

k 1

981

Nov

embe

r 30


kilo hecto deca

Base Units

metergramliter

deci centi milli





mega- M 1000000 106

kilo- k 1000 103

deci- d 01 10-1

centi- c 001 10-2

milli- m 0001 10-3

micro- m 0000001 10-6

nano- n 0000000001 10-9




Also

1 mL = 1 cm3 and 1 L = 1 dm3





conversion factors

equality

or

132 m = 132 cm

1 m = 100 cm

______1 m100 cm




______1 m

100 cm

1 m100 cm

(or 001 m = 1 cm)


conversion factors

equality

or

872 cm = 00872 m

1 m = 100 cm

______1 m100 cm


______1 m

100 cm

1 m100 cm


15000 dm

= 15 km1000 m

1 km10 dm

1 m


= 378432 s1 h

60 min24 h1 d 1 min

60 s____( ) ( )____( )_____438 d



412 cm2


= 4120 mm2

1 cm2

102 mm2

( )2 ( )2

Simple Mathwith

Conversion Factors


A = L W

= (46 cm)(91 cm)

91 cm= 42 cm2 cm

46 cm

Convert to m2 42 cm2 ( )______100 cm

1 m 2 = 00042 m2


cmcm


Find volume

Length = 142 cm

Width = 86 cm

Height = 215 cm

V = L W H

= (142 cm)(86 cm)(215 cm)

= 2600 cm3


Density =

Typical units


Vm D

volumemass m

V D

liquids and gases



1 a formula

water displacement

V = l ∙ w ∙ hV = p ∙ r2 ∙ h

V =

VfinalVinitial


2




Vm

D 3cm 20g 227

m

V D



33 cm 162

cmg

1135 m = D V = 184

3cmg

= 1135

g

V






19300 g

7720 cm3 or 772 L

425 lbs

3cmg


15 cm

18 cm

m

V D

m

V = p r2 h

Vm

D

= p (18 cm)2(15 cm)

= 15268

3cm 15268

g 1195 = 779

cm3


82 cm

51 cm

47 cm

m

V D

Vm

D


m

V = l w h

= 820 cm (510 cm)(470 cm)

3cmg

= 19655

3cm 19655

g 153 = 0778

cm3

lt 1 No it floats






D1

D2

D3

D4

D5

D1

D2

D3

D4

D5


liq

liqliq V

m D sohellip


mliq =


Vliq

mliq Dliq=

VliqDliq




a chemical reaction






reactants

methane + oxygen

+ H2O(g)

carbondioxide


water+

22

Reactants Products

NaOH(aq)

water


sodium

2 2


+ +

+ +

Reactants Products




Pmass = Rmass

=










Dominion Science


Slide 7

What is Chemistry

Slide 9

The Beginning

Alchemy

Slide 12

Slide 13

Slide 14

Slide 15

Areas of Chemistry


Slide 18



Slide 21





Toxicity


Chemical Exposure


Science


Corning Glass

Aluminum Mining

Slide 34

Slide 35




Slide 39

Types of Data






Slide 46



Slide 49


Graphs

Bar Graph

Pie Graph

Line Graph


Graphing HW



Scientific Notation

Slide 60


Slide 62

Slide 63


Slide 65

Slide 66

Slide 67

Slide 68

Slide 69

Percent Error

Percent Error (2)

Significant Figures

Practice Measuring




How many Sig Figs



Slide 80

Slide 81

Slide 82

Numerical Example

Slide 84


Slide 86

Slide 87


The Metric System







Slide 96

Slide 97

Slide 98

Slide 99

Slide 100


Slide 102

Slide 103

Slide 104

Slide 105

Slide 106


Slide 108

Slide 109

Slide 110

Slide 111


Slide 113

Slide 114

Slide 115



bullQUIZ

What is Chemistry

the study of matter

and its changes


The Beginning


were four elements





D ~~D___

D

___

Alchemy



(~500 ndash 1300 AD)




transmutation

we cannot



into another

COPPER GOLD

Philosopherrsquos

Stone









Natural Science



Meteorology

Oceanography

Ecology

Genetics



Modern Science


physicalinorganic

biochemistry

studies everything

except carbon

eg compounds

containing metals

the study of carbon










pharmaceuticals



petroleum products

synthetic fibers




spandex





OSHAworker

FDA

USDA

CPSC

consumer

EPAenvironment





Lab






Toxicity

Which is more toxic






--

Chemical Exposure




reaction to drugs


asbestos




>
>
>

Science






strong

lightweight

good conductor

Corning Glass




>

Aluminum Mining





4-6 pounds bauxite

current 1 lb Al

+

=

>



correlationhellip





How doesscientific

knowledgeadvance




Robert Boyle




(1661)




uses the fivesenses



colorless liquid --

-- eg eg

descriptions


(vs clear liquid)







hypothesis


experiment








Dependent variable







Develophypothesis

Develophypothesis


experiment


experiment


conclusions


conclusions

Hypothesis IS

supported

Hypothesis IS

supported

Hypothesis is NOT

supported

Hypothesis is NOT

supported

Developtheory

Developtheory



Revisehypothesis

Revisehypothesis


Scientific Method





gravity



G m mF

r


Theory of Gravity

Atomic Theory



theory

-- eg





Graphs



0

2

4

6

8

10

A B C D F

Chemistry Grades

o

f st

ud

ents


Entertainment (40)

Food (25)

Clothing (20)

Savings (15)



0

10

20

30

40

50

60

Jan Feb Mar Apr

Month

Sh

are

Pri

ce (

$)






0123456789

10

120 140 160 180 200 220 240

Temp (K)

Vo

lum

e (

L)


1 title

3 neat

Graphing HW

TimeTotal Dist

cycled (km)8 am 0

9 am 12

10 am 23

11 am 33

noon 42

1 pm 50

2 pm 57

3 pm 63


0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80


Time (h)

Dis

tan

ce C

ycle

d (

km)








800 = 8 x 10 x 10

= 8 x 102

2531 = 2531 x 10 x 10 x 10

= 2531 x 103

00014 = 14 10 10 10

= 14 x 10ndash3



187 x 10ndash5 = 00000187

37 x 108 = 370000000

788 x 101 = 788

2164 x 10ndash2 = 002164


12340 = 1234 x 104

0369 = 369 x 10ndash1

0008 = 8 x 10ndash3

1000000000 = 1 x 109

602 x 1023 = 602000000000000000000000




6 EE 0 32 2

6 y x 0 32 2

x 16 0 2 EE 320

y x 32x 16 0 2 0

nothellip

orhellip

and nothellip


6 EE 0 32 2

WRONG

WRONG

TOO MUCH WORK


(before the number

after the number

or either one)



12 x 105 28 x 1019


=

1 2 EE 5

92 8 EE 1





ndash65 x 10ndash19

535 x 103 or 5350

29 x 1023


435 x 106 (123 x 10ndash3) =

576 x 10ndash16 986 x 10ndash4 =

88 x 1011 x 33 x 1011 =

584 x 10ndash13



8 m






eg vs 800 m vs 800000 m

0653 m


eg precisehellip

imprecisehellip

0652 m

0654 m

07 m

08 m

06 m




human error

method error

instrument error






measuring device is



Percent Error


001

accepted

alexperimenterror

accepted

your value




100gmL 136

gmL 136gmL 140error

error = 29


Significant Figures



235 cm


Practice Measuring

45 cm

454 cm

30 cm


cm0 1 2 3 4 5

cm0 1 2 3 4 5

cm0 1 2 3 4 5






A (255 mL) B (1637 mL) C (51 mL)

26

25 164

163

60

50








How many Sig Figs


25 g

0030 kg

1240560 x 106 mg

6 x 104 sec

24631 g

2006 cm

1050 m

012 kg

1240560 cm

6000000 kg

600 x 106 kg

409 cm

29200 dm

002500 g

2

2

7

1

5

4

4

2

7

1

3

3

5

4





SF found5282 x 342 = 1806444

rarr rounded to 487



255 mL + 1637 mL + 51 mL = 9287 mL

93 mL




756

0528396

387600

4200

84845E-4

76 756 75600

38760 x 105388000390000

0528400528053

85 x 10ndash4

42000 x 103 420 x 1034200

848 x 10ndash4 84845 x 10ndash4




064 kgms2

52 kg (29 m)

(18 s)(13 s)=

48 g (23 s)

(18 s)(37 s)= 017 g

s



x = z ndash y





x ndash 24 = 13 +24 +24

x = 37




Numerical Example

Solve for x F = k x

F = k xk k

x = Fk __


( )__1k

F = k x( )__1k

(or)



Numerical Example

Solve for x 8 = 7 x

8 = 7 x7 7


( )__17

8 = 7 x( )__17

(or)



87 __

Solve for x ___ x

BA = TRH

___

BAH = xTR




x =

1TR( )___1

TR( )___


P1 = 108 atm

P2 = 086 atm

V1 = 322 L

V2 = 143 L

T1 = 373 K

P1V1T2 =P2V2T1

____ T1

P1V1 = P2V2

T2

____

1P1V1

( )____ 1P1V1

( )____

T2 = P1V1

______P2V2T1

130T2 = (108 atm)(322 L)_____________________(086 atm)(143 L)(373 K)

= K



The Metric System

from

Indu

stry

Wee

k 1

981

Nov

embe

r 30


kilo hecto deca

Base Units

metergramliter

deci centi milli





mega- M 1000000 106

kilo- k 1000 103

deci- d 01 10-1

centi- c 001 10-2

milli- m 0001 10-3

micro- m 0000001 10-6

nano- n 0000000001 10-9




Also

1 mL = 1 cm3 and 1 L = 1 dm3





conversion factors

equality

or

132 m = 132 cm

1 m = 100 cm

______1 m100 cm




______1 m

100 cm

1 m100 cm

(or 001 m = 1 cm)


conversion factors

equality

or

872 cm = 00872 m

1 m = 100 cm

______1 m100 cm


______1 m

100 cm

1 m100 cm


15000 dm

= 15 km1000 m

1 km10 dm

1 m


= 378432 s1 h

60 min24 h1 d 1 min

60 s____( ) ( )____( )_____438 d



412 cm2


= 4120 mm2

1 cm2

102 mm2

( )2 ( )2

Simple Mathwith

Conversion Factors


A = L W

= (46 cm)(91 cm)

91 cm= 42 cm2 cm

46 cm

Convert to m2 42 cm2 ( )______100 cm

1 m 2 = 00042 m2


cmcm


Find volume

Length = 142 cm

Width = 86 cm

Height = 215 cm

V = L W H

= (142 cm)(86 cm)(215 cm)

= 2600 cm3


Density =

Typical units


Vm D

volumemass m

V D

liquids and gases



1 a formula

water displacement

V = l ∙ w ∙ hV = p ∙ r2 ∙ h

V =

VfinalVinitial


2




Vm

D 3cm 20g 227

m

V D



33 cm 162

cmg

1135 m = D V = 184

3cmg

= 1135

g

V






19300 g

7720 cm3 or 772 L

425 lbs

3cmg


15 cm

18 cm

m

V D

m

V = p r2 h

Vm

D

= p (18 cm)2(15 cm)

= 15268

3cm 15268

g 1195 = 779

cm3


82 cm

51 cm

47 cm

m

V D

Vm

D


m

V = l w h

= 820 cm (510 cm)(470 cm)

3cmg

= 19655

3cm 19655

g 153 = 0778

cm3

lt 1 No it floats






D1

D2

D3

D4

D5

D1

D2

D3

D4

D5


liq

liqliq V

m D sohellip


mliq =


Vliq

mliq Dliq=

VliqDliq




a chemical reaction






reactants

methane + oxygen

+ H2O(g)

carbondioxide


water+

22

Reactants Products

NaOH(aq)

water


sodium

2 2


+ +

+ +

Reactants Products




Pmass = Rmass

=










Dominion Science


Slide 7

What is Chemistry

Slide 9

The Beginning

Alchemy

Slide 12

Slide 13

Slide 14

Slide 15

Areas of Chemistry


Slide 18



Slide 21





Toxicity


Chemical Exposure


Science


Corning Glass

Aluminum Mining

Slide 34

Slide 35




Slide 39

Types of Data






Slide 46



Slide 49


Graphs

Bar Graph

Pie Graph

Line Graph


Graphing HW



Scientific Notation

Slide 60


Slide 62

Slide 63


Slide 65

Slide 66

Slide 67

Slide 68

Slide 69

Percent Error

Percent Error (2)

Significant Figures

Practice Measuring




How many Sig Figs



Slide 80

Slide 81

Slide 82

Numerical Example

Slide 84


Slide 86

Slide 87


The Metric System







Slide 96

Slide 97

Slide 98

Slide 99

Slide 100


Slide 102

Slide 103

Slide 104

Slide 105

Slide 106


Slide 108

Slide 109

Slide 110

Slide 111


Slide 113

Slide 114

Slide 115



What is Chemistry

the study of matter

and its changes


The Beginning


were four elements





D ~~D___

D

___

Alchemy



(~500 ndash 1300 AD)




transmutation

we cannot



into another

COPPER GOLD

Philosopherrsquos

Stone









Natural Science



Meteorology

Oceanography

Ecology

Genetics



Modern Science


physicalinorganic

biochemistry

studies everything

except carbon

eg compounds

containing metals

the study of carbon










pharmaceuticals



petroleum products

synthetic fibers




spandex





OSHAworker

FDA

USDA

CPSC

consumer

EPAenvironment





Lab






Toxicity

Which is more toxic






--

Chemical Exposure




reaction to drugs


asbestos




>
>
>

Science






strong

lightweight

good conductor

Corning Glass




>

Aluminum Mining





4-6 pounds bauxite

current 1 lb Al

+

=

>



correlationhellip





How doesscientific

knowledgeadvance




Robert Boyle




(1661)




uses the fivesenses



colorless liquid --

-- eg eg

descriptions


(vs clear liquid)







hypothesis


experiment








Dependent variable







Develophypothesis

Develophypothesis


experiment


experiment


conclusions


conclusions

Hypothesis IS

supported

Hypothesis IS

supported

Hypothesis is NOT

supported

Hypothesis is NOT

supported

Developtheory

Developtheory



Revisehypothesis

Revisehypothesis


Scientific Method





gravity



G m mF

r


Theory of Gravity

Atomic Theory



theory

-- eg





Graphs



0

2

4

6

8

10

A B C D F

Chemistry Grades

o

f st

ud

ents


Entertainment (40)

Food (25)

Clothing (20)

Savings (15)



0

10

20

30

40

50

60

Jan Feb Mar Apr

Month

Sh

are

Pri

ce (

$)






0123456789

10

120 140 160 180 200 220 240

Temp (K)

Vo

lum

e (

L)


1 title

3 neat

Graphing HW

TimeTotal Dist

cycled (km)8 am 0

9 am 12

10 am 23

11 am 33

noon 42

1 pm 50

2 pm 57

3 pm 63


0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80


Time (h)

Dis

tan

ce C

ycle

d (

km)








800 = 8 x 10 x 10

= 8 x 102

2531 = 2531 x 10 x 10 x 10

= 2531 x 103

00014 = 14 10 10 10

= 14 x 10ndash3



187 x 10ndash5 = 00000187

37 x 108 = 370000000

788 x 101 = 788

2164 x 10ndash2 = 002164


12340 = 1234 x 104

0369 = 369 x 10ndash1

0008 = 8 x 10ndash3

1000000000 = 1 x 109

602 x 1023 = 602000000000000000000000




6 EE 0 32 2

6 y x 0 32 2

x 16 0 2 EE 320

y x 32x 16 0 2 0

nothellip

orhellip

and nothellip


6 EE 0 32 2

WRONG

WRONG

TOO MUCH WORK


(before the number

after the number

or either one)



12 x 105 28 x 1019


=

1 2 EE 5

92 8 EE 1





ndash65 x 10ndash19

535 x 103 or 5350

29 x 1023


435 x 106 (123 x 10ndash3) =

576 x 10ndash16 986 x 10ndash4 =

88 x 1011 x 33 x 1011 =

584 x 10ndash13



8 m






eg vs 800 m vs 800000 m

0653 m


eg precisehellip

imprecisehellip

0652 m

0654 m

07 m

08 m

06 m




human error

method error

instrument error






measuring device is



Percent Error


001

accepted

alexperimenterror

accepted

your value




100gmL 136

gmL 136gmL 140error

error = 29


Significant Figures



235 cm


Practice Measuring

45 cm

454 cm

30 cm


cm0 1 2 3 4 5

cm0 1 2 3 4 5

cm0 1 2 3 4 5






A (255 mL) B (1637 mL) C (51 mL)

26

25 164

163

60

50








How many Sig Figs


25 g

0030 kg

1240560 x 106 mg

6 x 104 sec

24631 g

2006 cm

1050 m

012 kg

1240560 cm

6000000 kg

600 x 106 kg

409 cm

29200 dm

002500 g

2

2

7

1

5

4

4

2

7

1

3

3

5

4





SF found5282 x 342 = 1806444

rarr rounded to 487



255 mL + 1637 mL + 51 mL = 9287 mL

93 mL




756

0528396

387600

4200

84845E-4

76 756 75600

38760 x 105388000390000

0528400528053

85 x 10ndash4

42000 x 103 420 x 1034200

848 x 10ndash4 84845 x 10ndash4




064 kgms2

52 kg (29 m)

(18 s)(13 s)=

48 g (23 s)

(18 s)(37 s)= 017 g

s



x = z ndash y





x ndash 24 = 13 +24 +24

x = 37




Numerical Example

Solve for x F = k x

F = k xk k

x = Fk __


( )__1k

F = k x( )__1k

(or)



Numerical Example

Solve for x 8 = 7 x

8 = 7 x7 7


( )__17

8 = 7 x( )__17

(or)



87 __

Solve for x ___ x

BA = TRH

___

BAH = xTR




x =

1TR( )___1

TR( )___


P1 = 108 atm

P2 = 086 atm

V1 = 322 L

V2 = 143 L

T1 = 373 K

P1V1T2 =P2V2T1

____ T1

P1V1 = P2V2

T2

____

1P1V1

( )____ 1P1V1

( )____

T2 = P1V1

______P2V2T1

130T2 = (108 atm)(322 L)_____________________(086 atm)(143 L)(373 K)

= K



The Metric System

from

Indu

stry

Wee

k 1

981

Nov

embe

r 30


kilo hecto deca

Base Units

metergramliter

deci centi milli





mega- M 1000000 106

kilo- k 1000 103

deci- d 01 10-1

centi- c 001 10-2

milli- m 0001 10-3

micro- m 0000001 10-6

nano- n 0000000001 10-9




Also

1 mL = 1 cm3 and 1 L = 1 dm3





conversion factors

equality

or

132 m = 132 cm

1 m = 100 cm

______1 m100 cm




______1 m

100 cm

1 m100 cm

(or 001 m = 1 cm)


conversion factors

equality

or

872 cm = 00872 m

1 m = 100 cm

______1 m100 cm


______1 m

100 cm

1 m100 cm


15000 dm

= 15 km1000 m

1 km10 dm

1 m


= 378432 s1 h

60 min24 h1 d 1 min

60 s____( ) ( )____( )_____438 d



412 cm2


= 4120 mm2

1 cm2

102 mm2

( )2 ( )2

Simple Mathwith

Conversion Factors


A = L W

= (46 cm)(91 cm)

91 cm= 42 cm2 cm

46 cm

Convert to m2 42 cm2 ( )______100 cm

1 m 2 = 00042 m2


cmcm


Find volume

Length = 142 cm

Width = 86 cm

Height = 215 cm

V = L W H

= (142 cm)(86 cm)(215 cm)

= 2600 cm3


Density =

Typical units


Vm D

volumemass m

V D

liquids and gases



1 a formula

water displacement

V = l ∙ w ∙ hV = p ∙ r2 ∙ h

V =

VfinalVinitial


2




Vm

D 3cm 20g 227

m

V D



33 cm 162

cmg

1135 m = D V = 184

3cmg

= 1135

g

V






19300 g

7720 cm3 or 772 L

425 lbs

3cmg


15 cm

18 cm

m

V D

m

V = p r2 h

Vm

D

= p (18 cm)2(15 cm)

= 15268

3cm 15268

g 1195 = 779

cm3


82 cm

51 cm

47 cm

m

V D

Vm

D


m

V = l w h

= 820 cm (510 cm)(470 cm)

3cmg

= 19655

3cm 19655

g 153 = 0778

cm3

lt 1 No it floats






D1

D2

D3

D4

D5

D1

D2

D3

D4

D5


liq

liqliq V

m D sohellip


mliq =


Vliq

mliq Dliq=

VliqDliq




a chemical reaction






reactants

methane + oxygen

+ H2O(g)

carbondioxide


water+

22

Reactants Products

NaOH(aq)

water


sodium

2 2


+ +

+ +

Reactants Products




Pmass = Rmass

=










Dominion Science


Slide 7

What is Chemistry

Slide 9

The Beginning

Alchemy

Slide 12

Slide 13

Slide 14

Slide 15

Areas of Chemistry


Slide 18



Slide 21





Toxicity


Chemical Exposure


Science


Corning Glass

Aluminum Mining

Slide 34

Slide 35




Slide 39

Types of Data






Slide 46



Slide 49


Graphs

Bar Graph

Pie Graph

Line Graph


Graphing HW



Scientific Notation

Slide 60


Slide 62

Slide 63


Slide 65

Slide 66

Slide 67

Slide 68

Slide 69

Percent Error

Percent Error (2)

Significant Figures

Practice Measuring




How many Sig Figs



Slide 80

Slide 81

Slide 82

Numerical Example

Slide 84


Slide 86

Slide 87


The Metric System







Slide 96

Slide 97

Slide 98

Slide 99

Slide 100


Slide 102

Slide 103

Slide 104

Slide 105

Slide 106


Slide 108

Slide 109

Slide 110

Slide 111


Slide 113

Slide 114

Slide 115




The Beginning


were four elements





D ~~D___

D

___

Alchemy



(~500 ndash 1300 AD)




transmutation

we cannot



into another

COPPER GOLD

Philosopherrsquos

Stone









Natural Science



Meteorology

Oceanography

Ecology

Genetics



Modern Science


physicalinorganic

biochemistry

studies everything

except carbon

eg compounds

containing metals

the study of carbon










pharmaceuticals



petroleum products

synthetic fibers




spandex





OSHAworker

FDA

USDA

CPSC

consumer

EPAenvironment





Lab






Toxicity

Which is more toxic






--

Chemical Exposure




reaction to drugs


asbestos




>
>
>

Science






strong

lightweight

good conductor

Corning Glass




>

Aluminum Mining





4-6 pounds bauxite

current 1 lb Al

+

=

>



correlationhellip





How doesscientific

knowledgeadvance




Robert Boyle




(1661)




uses the fivesenses



colorless liquid --

-- eg eg

descriptions


(vs clear liquid)







hypothesis


experiment








Dependent variable







Develophypothesis

Develophypothesis


experiment


experiment


conclusions


conclusions

Hypothesis IS

supported

Hypothesis IS

supported

Hypothesis is NOT

supported

Hypothesis is NOT

supported

Developtheory

Developtheory



Revisehypothesis

Revisehypothesis


Scientific Method





gravity



G m mF

r


Theory of Gravity

Atomic Theory



theory

-- eg





Graphs



0

2

4

6

8

10

A B C D F

Chemistry Grades

o

f st

ud

ents


Entertainment (40)

Food (25)

Clothing (20)

Savings (15)



0

10

20

30

40

50

60

Jan Feb Mar Apr

Month

Sh

are

Pri

ce (

$)






0123456789

10

120 140 160 180 200 220 240

Temp (K)

Vo

lum

e (

L)


1 title

3 neat

Graphing HW

TimeTotal Dist

cycled (km)8 am 0

9 am 12

10 am 23

11 am 33

noon 42

1 pm 50

2 pm 57

3 pm 63


0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80


Time (h)

Dis

tan

ce C

ycle

d (

km)








800 = 8 x 10 x 10

= 8 x 102

2531 = 2531 x 10 x 10 x 10

= 2531 x 103

00014 = 14 10 10 10

= 14 x 10ndash3



187 x 10ndash5 = 00000187

37 x 108 = 370000000

788 x 101 = 788

2164 x 10ndash2 = 002164


12340 = 1234 x 104

0369 = 369 x 10ndash1

0008 = 8 x 10ndash3

1000000000 = 1 x 109

602 x 1023 = 602000000000000000000000




6 EE 0 32 2

6 y x 0 32 2

x 16 0 2 EE 320

y x 32x 16 0 2 0

nothellip

orhellip

and nothellip


6 EE 0 32 2

WRONG

WRONG

TOO MUCH WORK


(before the number

after the number

or either one)



12 x 105 28 x 1019


=

1 2 EE 5

92 8 EE 1





ndash65 x 10ndash19

535 x 103 or 5350

29 x 1023


435 x 106 (123 x 10ndash3) =

576 x 10ndash16 986 x 10ndash4 =

88 x 1011 x 33 x 1011 =

584 x 10ndash13



8 m






eg vs 800 m vs 800000 m

0653 m


eg precisehellip

imprecisehellip

0652 m

0654 m

07 m

08 m

06 m




human error

method error

instrument error






measuring device is



Percent Error


001

accepted

alexperimenterror

accepted

your value




100gmL 136

gmL 136gmL 140error

error = 29


Significant Figures



235 cm


Practice Measuring

45 cm

454 cm

30 cm


cm0 1 2 3 4 5

cm0 1 2 3 4 5

cm0 1 2 3 4 5






A (255 mL) B (1637 mL) C (51 mL)

26

25 164

163

60

50








How many Sig Figs


25 g

0030 kg

1240560 x 106 mg

6 x 104 sec

24631 g

2006 cm

1050 m

012 kg

1240560 cm

6000000 kg

600 x 106 kg

409 cm

29200 dm

002500 g

2

2

7

1

5

4

4

2

7

1

3

3

5

4





SF found5282 x 342 = 1806444

rarr rounded to 487



255 mL + 1637 mL + 51 mL = 9287 mL

93 mL




756

0528396

387600

4200

84845E-4

76 756 75600

38760 x 105388000390000

0528400528053

85 x 10ndash4

42000 x 103 420 x 1034200

848 x 10ndash4 84845 x 10ndash4




064 kgms2

52 kg (29 m)

(18 s)(13 s)=

48 g (23 s)

(18 s)(37 s)= 017 g

s



x = z ndash y





x ndash 24 = 13 +24 +24

x = 37




Numerical Example

Solve for x F = k x

F = k xk k

x = Fk __


( )__1k

F = k x( )__1k

(or)



Numerical Example

Solve for x 8 = 7 x

8 = 7 x7 7


( )__17

8 = 7 x( )__17

(or)



87 __

Solve for x ___ x

BA = TRH

___

BAH = xTR




x =

1TR( )___1

TR( )___


P1 = 108 atm

P2 = 086 atm

V1 = 322 L

V2 = 143 L

T1 = 373 K

P1V1T2 =P2V2T1

____ T1

P1V1 = P2V2

T2

____

1P1V1

( )____ 1P1V1

( )____

T2 = P1V1

______P2V2T1

130T2 = (108 atm)(322 L)_____________________(086 atm)(143 L)(373 K)

= K



The Metric System

from

Indu

stry

Wee

k 1

981

Nov

embe

r 30


kilo hecto deca

Base Units

metergramliter

deci centi milli





mega- M 1000000 106

kilo- k 1000 103

deci- d 01 10-1

centi- c 001 10-2

milli- m 0001 10-3

micro- m 0000001 10-6

nano- n 0000000001 10-9




Also

1 mL = 1 cm3 and 1 L = 1 dm3





conversion factors

equality

or

132 m = 132 cm

1 m = 100 cm

______1 m100 cm




______1 m

100 cm

1 m100 cm

(or 001 m = 1 cm)


conversion factors

equality

or

872 cm = 00872 m

1 m = 100 cm

______1 m100 cm


______1 m

100 cm

1 m100 cm


15000 dm

= 15 km1000 m

1 km10 dm

1 m


= 378432 s1 h

60 min24 h1 d 1 min

60 s____( ) ( )____( )_____438 d



412 cm2


= 4120 mm2

1 cm2

102 mm2

( )2 ( )2

Simple Mathwith

Conversion Factors


A = L W

= (46 cm)(91 cm)

91 cm= 42 cm2 cm

46 cm

Convert to m2 42 cm2 ( )______100 cm

1 m 2 = 00042 m2


cmcm


Find volume

Length = 142 cm

Width = 86 cm

Height = 215 cm

V = L W H

= (142 cm)(86 cm)(215 cm)

= 2600 cm3


Density =

Typical units


Vm D

volumemass m

V D

liquids and gases



1 a formula

water displacement

V = l ∙ w ∙ hV = p ∙ r2 ∙ h

V =

VfinalVinitial


2




Vm

D 3cm 20g 227

m

V D



33 cm 162

cmg

1135 m = D V = 184

3cmg

= 1135

g

V






19300 g

7720 cm3 or 772 L

425 lbs

3cmg


15 cm

18 cm

m

V D

m

V = p r2 h

Vm

D

= p (18 cm)2(15 cm)

= 15268

3cm 15268

g 1195 = 779

cm3


82 cm

51 cm

47 cm

m

V D

Vm

D


m

V = l w h

= 820 cm (510 cm)(470 cm)

3cmg

= 19655

3cm 19655

g 153 = 0778

cm3

lt 1 No it floats






D1

D2

D3

D4

D5

D1

D2

D3

D4

D5


liq

liqliq V

m D sohellip


mliq =


Vliq

mliq Dliq=

VliqDliq




a chemical reaction






reactants

methane + oxygen

+ H2O(g)

carbondioxide


water+

22

Reactants Products

NaOH(aq)

water


sodium

2 2


+ +

+ +

Reactants Products




Pmass = Rmass

=










Dominion Science


Slide 7

What is Chemistry

Slide 9

The Beginning

Alchemy

Slide 12

Slide 13

Slide 14

Slide 15

Areas of Chemistry


Slide 18



Slide 21





Toxicity


Chemical Exposure


Science


Corning Glass

Aluminum Mining

Slide 34

Slide 35




Slide 39

Types of Data






Slide 46



Slide 49


Graphs

Bar Graph

Pie Graph

Line Graph


Graphing HW



Scientific Notation

Slide 60


Slide 62

Slide 63


Slide 65

Slide 66

Slide 67

Slide 68

Slide 69

Percent Error

Percent Error (2)

Significant Figures

Practice Measuring




How many Sig Figs



Slide 80

Slide 81

Slide 82

Numerical Example

Slide 84


Slide 86

Slide 87


The Metric System







Slide 96

Slide 97

Slide 98

Slide 99

Slide 100


Slide 102

Slide 103

Slide 104

Slide 105

Slide 106


Slide 108

Slide 109

Slide 110

Slide 111


Slide 113

Slide 114

Slide 115



Alchemy



(~500 ndash 1300 AD)




transmutation

we cannot



into another

COPPER GOLD

Philosopherrsquos

Stone









Natural Science



Meteorology

Oceanography

Ecology

Genetics



Modern Science


physicalinorganic

biochemistry

studies everything

except carbon

eg compounds

containing metals

the study of carbon










pharmaceuticals



petroleum products

synthetic fibers




spandex





OSHAworker

FDA

USDA

CPSC

consumer

EPAenvironment





Lab






Toxicity

Which is more toxic






--

Chemical Exposure




reaction to drugs


asbestos




>
>
>

Science






strong

lightweight

good conductor

Corning Glass




>

Aluminum Mining





4-6 pounds bauxite

current 1 lb Al

+

=

>



correlationhellip





How doesscientific

knowledgeadvance




Robert Boyle




(1661)




uses the fivesenses



colorless liquid --

-- eg eg

descriptions


(vs clear liquid)







hypothesis


experiment








Dependent variable







Develophypothesis

Develophypothesis


experiment


experiment


conclusions


conclusions

Hypothesis IS

supported

Hypothesis IS

supported

Hypothesis is NOT

supported

Hypothesis is NOT

supported

Developtheory

Developtheory



Revisehypothesis

Revisehypothesis


Scientific Method





gravity



G m mF

r


Theory of Gravity

Atomic Theory



theory

-- eg





Graphs



0

2

4

6

8

10

A B C D F

Chemistry Grades

o

f st

ud

ents


Entertainment (40)

Food (25)

Clothing (20)

Savings (15)



0

10

20

30

40

50

60

Jan Feb Mar Apr

Month

Sh

are

Pri

ce (

$)






0123456789

10

120 140 160 180 200 220 240

Temp (K)

Vo

lum

e (

L)


1 title

3 neat

Graphing HW

TimeTotal Dist

cycled (km)8 am 0

9 am 12

10 am 23

11 am 33

noon 42

1 pm 50

2 pm 57

3 pm 63


0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80


Time (h)

Dis

tan

ce C

ycle

d (

km)








800 = 8 x 10 x 10

= 8 x 102

2531 = 2531 x 10 x 10 x 10

= 2531 x 103

00014 = 14 10 10 10

= 14 x 10ndash3



187 x 10ndash5 = 00000187

37 x 108 = 370000000

788 x 101 = 788

2164 x 10ndash2 = 002164


12340 = 1234 x 104

0369 = 369 x 10ndash1

0008 = 8 x 10ndash3

1000000000 = 1 x 109

602 x 1023 = 602000000000000000000000




6 EE 0 32 2

6 y x 0 32 2

x 16 0 2 EE 320

y x 32x 16 0 2 0

nothellip

orhellip

and nothellip


6 EE 0 32 2

WRONG

WRONG

TOO MUCH WORK


(before the number

after the number

or either one)



12 x 105 28 x 1019


=

1 2 EE 5

92 8 EE 1





ndash65 x 10ndash19

535 x 103 or 5350

29 x 1023


435 x 106 (123 x 10ndash3) =

576 x 10ndash16 986 x 10ndash4 =

88 x 1011 x 33 x 1011 =

584 x 10ndash13



8 m






eg vs 800 m vs 800000 m

0653 m


eg precisehellip

imprecisehellip

0652 m

0654 m

07 m

08 m

06 m




human error

method error

instrument error






measuring device is



Percent Error


001

accepted

alexperimenterror

accepted

your value




100gmL 136

gmL 136gmL 140error

error = 29


Significant Figures



235 cm


Practice Measuring

45 cm

454 cm

30 cm


cm0 1 2 3 4 5

cm0 1 2 3 4 5

cm0 1 2 3 4 5






A (255 mL) B (1637 mL) C (51 mL)

26

25 164

163

60

50








How many Sig Figs


25 g

0030 kg

1240560 x 106 mg

6 x 104 sec

24631 g

2006 cm

1050 m

012 kg

1240560 cm

6000000 kg

600 x 106 kg

409 cm

29200 dm

002500 g

2

2

7

1

5

4

4

2

7

1

3

3

5

4





SF found5282 x 342 = 1806444

rarr rounded to 487



255 mL + 1637 mL + 51 mL = 9287 mL

93 mL




756

0528396

387600

4200

84845E-4

76 756 75600

38760 x 105388000390000

0528400528053

85 x 10ndash4

42000 x 103 420 x 1034200

848 x 10ndash4 84845 x 10ndash4




064 kgms2

52 kg (29 m)

(18 s)(13 s)=

48 g (23 s)

(18 s)(37 s)= 017 g

s



x = z ndash y





x ndash 24 = 13 +24 +24

x = 37




Numerical Example

Solve for x F = k x

F = k xk k

x = Fk __


( )__1k

F = k x( )__1k

(or)



Numerical Example

Solve for x 8 = 7 x

8 = 7 x7 7


( )__17

8 = 7 x( )__17

(or)



87 __

Solve for x ___ x

BA = TRH

___

BAH = xTR




x =

1TR( )___1

TR( )___


P1 = 108 atm

P2 = 086 atm

V1 = 322 L

V2 = 143 L

T1 = 373 K

P1V1T2 =P2V2T1

____ T1

P1V1 = P2V2

T2

____

1P1V1

( )____ 1P1V1

( )____

T2 = P1V1

______P2V2T1

130T2 = (108 atm)(322 L)_____________________(086 atm)(143 L)(373 K)

= K



The Metric System

from

Indu

stry

Wee

k 1

981

Nov

embe

r 30


kilo hecto deca

Base Units

metergramliter

deci centi milli





mega- M 1000000 106

kilo- k 1000 103

deci- d 01 10-1

centi- c 001 10-2

milli- m 0001 10-3

micro- m 0000001 10-6

nano- n 0000000001 10-9




Also

1 mL = 1 cm3 and 1 L = 1 dm3





conversion factors

equality

or

132 m = 132 cm

1 m = 100 cm

______1 m100 cm




______1 m

100 cm

1 m100 cm

(or 001 m = 1 cm)


conversion factors

equality

or

872 cm = 00872 m

1 m = 100 cm

______1 m100 cm


______1 m

100 cm

1 m100 cm


15000 dm

= 15 km1000 m

1 km10 dm

1 m


= 378432 s1 h

60 min24 h1 d 1 min

60 s____( ) ( )____( )_____438 d



412 cm2


= 4120 mm2

1 cm2

102 mm2

( )2 ( )2

Simple Mathwith

Conversion Factors


A = L W

= (46 cm)(91 cm)

91 cm= 42 cm2 cm

46 cm

Convert to m2 42 cm2 ( )______100 cm

1 m 2 = 00042 m2


cmcm


Find volume

Length = 142 cm

Width = 86 cm

Height = 215 cm

V = L W H

= (142 cm)(86 cm)(215 cm)

= 2600 cm3


Density =

Typical units


Vm D

volumemass m

V D

liquids and gases



1 a formula

water displacement

V = l ∙ w ∙ hV = p ∙ r2 ∙ h

V =

VfinalVinitial


2




Vm

D 3cm 20g 227

m

V D



33 cm 162

cmg

1135 m = D V = 184

3cmg

= 1135

g

V






19300 g

7720 cm3 or 772 L

425 lbs

3cmg


15 cm

18 cm

m

V D

m

V = p r2 h

Vm

D

= p (18 cm)2(15 cm)

= 15268

3cm 15268

g 1195 = 779

cm3


82 cm

51 cm

47 cm

m

V D

Vm

D


m

V = l w h

= 820 cm (510 cm)(470 cm)

3cmg

= 19655

3cm 19655

g 153 = 0778

cm3

lt 1 No it floats






D1

D2

D3

D4

D5

D1

D2

D3

D4

D5


liq

liqliq V

m D sohellip


mliq =


Vliq

mliq Dliq=

VliqDliq




a chemical reaction






reactants

methane + oxygen

+ H2O(g)

carbondioxide


water+

22

Reactants Products

NaOH(aq)

water


sodium

2 2


+ +

+ +

Reactants Products




Pmass = Rmass

=










Dominion Science


Slide 7

What is Chemistry

Slide 9

The Beginning

Alchemy

Slide 12

Slide 13

Slide 14

Slide 15

Areas of Chemistry


Slide 18



Slide 21





Toxicity


Chemical Exposure


Science


Corning Glass

Aluminum Mining

Slide 34

Slide 35




Slide 39

Types of Data






Slide 46



Slide 49


Graphs

Bar Graph

Pie Graph

Line Graph


Graphing HW



Scientific Notation

Slide 60


Slide 62

Slide 63


Slide 65

Slide 66

Slide 67

Slide 68

Slide 69

Percent Error

Percent Error (2)

Significant Figures

Practice Measuring




How many Sig Figs



Slide 80

Slide 81

Slide 82

Numerical Example

Slide 84


Slide 86

Slide 87


The Metric System







Slide 96

Slide 97

Slide 98

Slide 99

Slide 100


Slide 102

Slide 103

Slide 104

Slide 105

Slide 106


Slide 108

Slide 109

Slide 110

Slide 111


Slide 113

Slide 114

Slide 115



transmutation

we cannot



into another

COPPER GOLD

Philosopherrsquos

Stone









Natural Science



Meteorology

Oceanography

Ecology

Genetics



Modern Science


physicalinorganic

biochemistry

studies everything

except carbon

eg compounds

containing metals

the study of carbon










pharmaceuticals



petroleum products

synthetic fibers




spandex





OSHAworker

FDA

USDA

CPSC

consumer

EPAenvironment





Lab






Toxicity

Which is more toxic






--

Chemical Exposure




reaction to drugs


asbestos




>
>
>

Science






strong

lightweight

good conductor

Corning Glass




>

Aluminum Mining





4-6 pounds bauxite

current 1 lb Al

+

=

>



correlationhellip





How doesscientific

knowledgeadvance




Robert Boyle




(1661)




uses the fivesenses



colorless liquid --

-- eg eg

descriptions


(vs clear liquid)







hypothesis


experiment








Dependent variable







Develophypothesis

Develophypothesis


experiment


experiment


conclusions


conclusions

Hypothesis IS

supported

Hypothesis IS

supported

Hypothesis is NOT

supported

Hypothesis is NOT

supported

Developtheory

Developtheory



Revisehypothesis

Revisehypothesis


Scientific Method





gravity



G m mF

r


Theory of Gravity

Atomic Theory



theory

-- eg





Graphs



0

2

4

6

8

10

A B C D F

Chemistry Grades

o

f st

ud

ents


Entertainment (40)

Food (25)

Clothing (20)

Savings (15)



0

10

20

30

40

50

60

Jan Feb Mar Apr

Month

Sh

are

Pri

ce (

$)






0123456789

10

120 140 160 180 200 220 240

Temp (K)

Vo

lum

e (

L)


1 title

3 neat

Graphing HW

TimeTotal Dist

cycled (km)8 am 0

9 am 12

10 am 23

11 am 33

noon 42

1 pm 50

2 pm 57

3 pm 63


0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80


Time (h)

Dis

tan

ce C

ycle

d (

km)








800 = 8 x 10 x 10

= 8 x 102

2531 = 2531 x 10 x 10 x 10

= 2531 x 103

00014 = 14 10 10 10

= 14 x 10ndash3



187 x 10ndash5 = 00000187

37 x 108 = 370000000

788 x 101 = 788

2164 x 10ndash2 = 002164


12340 = 1234 x 104

0369 = 369 x 10ndash1

0008 = 8 x 10ndash3

1000000000 = 1 x 109

602 x 1023 = 602000000000000000000000




6 EE 0 32 2

6 y x 0 32 2

x 16 0 2 EE 320

y x 32x 16 0 2 0

nothellip

orhellip

and nothellip


6 EE 0 32 2

WRONG

WRONG

TOO MUCH WORK


(before the number

after the number

or either one)



12 x 105 28 x 1019


=

1 2 EE 5

92 8 EE 1





ndash65 x 10ndash19

535 x 103 or 5350

29 x 1023


435 x 106 (123 x 10ndash3) =

576 x 10ndash16 986 x 10ndash4 =

88 x 1011 x 33 x 1011 =

584 x 10ndash13



8 m






eg vs 800 m vs 800000 m

0653 m


eg precisehellip

imprecisehellip

0652 m

0654 m

07 m

08 m

06 m




human error

method error

instrument error






measuring device is



Percent Error


001

accepted

alexperimenterror

accepted

your value




100gmL 136

gmL 136gmL 140error

error = 29


Significant Figures



235 cm


Practice Measuring

45 cm

454 cm

30 cm


cm0 1 2 3 4 5

cm0 1 2 3 4 5

cm0 1 2 3 4 5






A (255 mL) B (1637 mL) C (51 mL)

26

25 164

163

60

50








How many Sig Figs


25 g

0030 kg

1240560 x 106 mg

6 x 104 sec

24631 g

2006 cm

1050 m

012 kg

1240560 cm

6000000 kg

600 x 106 kg

409 cm

29200 dm

002500 g

2

2

7

1

5

4

4

2

7

1

3

3

5

4





SF found5282 x 342 = 1806444

rarr rounded to 487



255 mL + 1637 mL + 51 mL = 9287 mL

93 mL




756

0528396

387600

4200

84845E-4

76 756 75600

38760 x 105388000390000

0528400528053

85 x 10ndash4

42000 x 103 420 x 1034200

848 x 10ndash4 84845 x 10ndash4




064 kgms2

52 kg (29 m)

(18 s)(13 s)=

48 g (23 s)

(18 s)(37 s)= 017 g

s



x = z ndash y





x ndash 24 = 13 +24 +24

x = 37




Numerical Example

Solve for x F = k x

F = k xk k

x = Fk __


( )__1k

F = k x( )__1k

(or)



Numerical Example

Solve for x 8 = 7 x

8 = 7 x7 7


( )__17

8 = 7 x( )__17

(or)



87 __

Solve for x ___ x

BA = TRH

___

BAH = xTR




x =

1TR( )___1

TR( )___


P1 = 108 atm

P2 = 086 atm

V1 = 322 L

V2 = 143 L

T1 = 373 K

P1V1T2 =P2V2T1

____ T1

P1V1 = P2V2

T2

____

1P1V1

( )____ 1P1V1

( )____

T2 = P1V1

______P2V2T1

130T2 = (108 atm)(322 L)_____________________(086 atm)(143 L)(373 K)

= K



The Metric System

from

Indu

stry

Wee

k 1

981

Nov

embe

r 30


kilo hecto deca

Base Units

metergramliter

deci centi milli





mega- M 1000000 106

kilo- k 1000 103

deci- d 01 10-1

centi- c 001 10-2

milli- m 0001 10-3

micro- m 0000001 10-6

nano- n 0000000001 10-9




Also

1 mL = 1 cm3 and 1 L = 1 dm3





conversion factors

equality

or

132 m = 132 cm

1 m = 100 cm

______1 m100 cm




______1 m

100 cm

1 m100 cm

(or 001 m = 1 cm)


conversion factors

equality

or

872 cm = 00872 m

1 m = 100 cm

______1 m100 cm


______1 m

100 cm

1 m100 cm


15000 dm

= 15 km1000 m

1 km10 dm

1 m


= 378432 s1 h

60 min24 h1 d 1 min

60 s____( ) ( )____( )_____438 d



412 cm2


= 4120 mm2

1 cm2

102 mm2

( )2 ( )2

Simple Mathwith

Conversion Factors


A = L W

= (46 cm)(91 cm)

91 cm= 42 cm2 cm

46 cm

Convert to m2 42 cm2 ( )______100 cm

1 m 2 = 00042 m2


cmcm


Find volume

Length = 142 cm

Width = 86 cm

Height = 215 cm

V = L W H

= (142 cm)(86 cm)(215 cm)

= 2600 cm3


Density =

Typical units


Vm D

volumemass m

V D

liquids and gases



1 a formula

water displacement

V = l ∙ w ∙ hV = p ∙ r2 ∙ h

V =

VfinalVinitial


2




Vm

D 3cm 20g 227

m

V D



33 cm 162

cmg

1135 m = D V = 184

3cmg

= 1135

g

V






19300 g

7720 cm3 or 772 L

425 lbs

3cmg


15 cm

18 cm

m

V D

m

V = p r2 h

Vm

D

= p (18 cm)2(15 cm)

= 15268

3cm 15268

g 1195 = 779

cm3


82 cm

51 cm

47 cm

m

V D

Vm

D


m

V = l w h

= 820 cm (510 cm)(470 cm)

3cmg

= 19655

3cm 19655

g 153 = 0778

cm3

lt 1 No it floats






D1

D2

D3

D4

D5

D1

D2

D3

D4

D5


liq

liqliq V

m D sohellip


mliq =


Vliq

mliq Dliq=

VliqDliq




a chemical reaction






reactants

methane + oxygen

+ H2O(g)

carbondioxide


water+

22

Reactants Products

NaOH(aq)

water


sodium

2 2


+ +

+ +

Reactants Products




Pmass = Rmass

=










Dominion Science


Slide 7

What is Chemistry

Slide 9

The Beginning

Alchemy

Slide 12

Slide 13

Slide 14

Slide 15

Areas of Chemistry


Slide 18



Slide 21





Toxicity


Chemical Exposure


Science


Corning Glass

Aluminum Mining

Slide 34

Slide 35




Slide 39

Types of Data






Slide 46



Slide 49


Graphs

Bar Graph

Pie Graph

Line Graph


Graphing HW



Scientific Notation

Slide 60


Slide 62

Slide 63


Slide 65

Slide 66

Slide 67

Slide 68

Slide 69

Percent Error

Percent Error (2)

Significant Figures

Practice Measuring




How many Sig Figs



Slide 80

Slide 81

Slide 82

Numerical Example

Slide 84


Slide 86

Slide 87


The Metric System







Slide 96

Slide 97

Slide 98

Slide 99

Slide 100


Slide 102

Slide 103

Slide 104

Slide 105

Slide 106


Slide 108

Slide 109

Slide 110

Slide 111


Slide 113

Slide 114

Slide 115










Natural Science



Meteorology

Oceanography

Ecology

Genetics



Modern Science


physicalinorganic

biochemistry

studies everything

except carbon

eg compounds

containing metals

the study of carbon










pharmaceuticals



petroleum products

synthetic fibers




spandex





OSHAworker

FDA

USDA

CPSC

consumer

EPAenvironment





Lab






Toxicity

Which is more toxic






--

Chemical Exposure




reaction to drugs


asbestos




>
>
>

Science






strong

lightweight

good conductor

Corning Glass




>

Aluminum Mining





4-6 pounds bauxite

current 1 lb Al

+

=

>



correlationhellip





How doesscientific

knowledgeadvance




Robert Boyle




(1661)




uses the fivesenses



colorless liquid --

-- eg eg

descriptions


(vs clear liquid)







hypothesis


experiment








Dependent variable







Develophypothesis

Develophypothesis


experiment


experiment


conclusions


conclusions

Hypothesis IS

supported

Hypothesis IS

supported

Hypothesis is NOT

supported

Hypothesis is NOT

supported

Developtheory

Developtheory



Revisehypothesis

Revisehypothesis


Scientific Method





gravity



G m mF

r


Theory of Gravity

Atomic Theory



theory

-- eg





Graphs



0

2

4

6

8

10

A B C D F

Chemistry Grades

o

f st

ud

ents


Entertainment (40)

Food (25)

Clothing (20)

Savings (15)



0

10

20

30

40

50

60

Jan Feb Mar Apr

Month

Sh

are

Pri

ce (

$)






0123456789

10

120 140 160 180 200 220 240

Temp (K)

Vo

lum

e (

L)


1 title

3 neat

Graphing HW

TimeTotal Dist

cycled (km)8 am 0

9 am 12

10 am 23

11 am 33

noon 42

1 pm 50

2 pm 57

3 pm 63


0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80


Time (h)

Dis

tan

ce C

ycle

d (

km)








800 = 8 x 10 x 10

= 8 x 102

2531 = 2531 x 10 x 10 x 10

= 2531 x 103

00014 = 14 10 10 10

= 14 x 10ndash3



187 x 10ndash5 = 00000187

37 x 108 = 370000000

788 x 101 = 788

2164 x 10ndash2 = 002164


12340 = 1234 x 104

0369 = 369 x 10ndash1

0008 = 8 x 10ndash3

1000000000 = 1 x 109

602 x 1023 = 602000000000000000000000




6 EE 0 32 2

6 y x 0 32 2

x 16 0 2 EE 320

y x 32x 16 0 2 0

nothellip

orhellip

and nothellip


6 EE 0 32 2

WRONG

WRONG

TOO MUCH WORK


(before the number

after the number

or either one)



12 x 105 28 x 1019


=

1 2 EE 5

92 8 EE 1





ndash65 x 10ndash19

535 x 103 or 5350

29 x 1023


435 x 106 (123 x 10ndash3) =

576 x 10ndash16 986 x 10ndash4 =

88 x 1011 x 33 x 1011 =

584 x 10ndash13



8 m






eg vs 800 m vs 800000 m

0653 m


eg precisehellip

imprecisehellip

0652 m

0654 m

07 m

08 m

06 m




human error

method error

instrument error






measuring device is



Percent Error


001

accepted

alexperimenterror

accepted

your value




100gmL 136

gmL 136gmL 140error

error = 29


Significant Figures



235 cm


Practice Measuring

45 cm

454 cm

30 cm


cm0 1 2 3 4 5

cm0 1 2 3 4 5

cm0 1 2 3 4 5






A (255 mL) B (1637 mL) C (51 mL)

26

25 164

163

60

50








How many Sig Figs


25 g

0030 kg

1240560 x 106 mg

6 x 104 sec

24631 g

2006 cm

1050 m

012 kg

1240560 cm

6000000 kg

600 x 106 kg

409 cm

29200 dm

002500 g

2

2

7

1

5

4

4

2

7

1

3

3

5

4





SF found5282 x 342 = 1806444

rarr rounded to 487



255 mL + 1637 mL + 51 mL = 9287 mL

93 mL




756

0528396

387600

4200

84845E-4

76 756 75600

38760 x 105388000390000

0528400528053

85 x 10ndash4

42000 x 103 420 x 1034200

848 x 10ndash4 84845 x 10ndash4




064 kgms2

52 kg (29 m)

(18 s)(13 s)=

48 g (23 s)

(18 s)(37 s)= 017 g

s



x = z ndash y





x ndash 24 = 13 +24 +24

x = 37




Numerical Example

Solve for x F = k x

F = k xk k

x = Fk __


( )__1k

F = k x( )__1k

(or)



Numerical Example

Solve for x 8 = 7 x

8 = 7 x7 7


( )__17

8 = 7 x( )__17

(or)



87 __

Solve for x ___ x

BA = TRH

___

BAH = xTR




x =

1TR( )___1

TR( )___


P1 = 108 atm

P2 = 086 atm

V1 = 322 L

V2 = 143 L

T1 = 373 K

P1V1T2 =P2V2T1

____ T1

P1V1 = P2V2

T2

____

1P1V1

( )____ 1P1V1

( )____

T2 = P1V1

______P2V2T1

130T2 = (108 atm)(322 L)_____________________(086 atm)(143 L)(373 K)

= K



The Metric System

from

Indu

stry

Wee

k 1

981

Nov

embe

r 30


kilo hecto deca

Base Units

metergramliter

deci centi milli





mega- M 1000000 106

kilo- k 1000 103

deci- d 01 10-1

centi- c 001 10-2

milli- m 0001 10-3

micro- m 0000001 10-6

nano- n 0000000001 10-9




Also

1 mL = 1 cm3 and 1 L = 1 dm3





conversion factors

equality

or

132 m = 132 cm

1 m = 100 cm

______1 m100 cm




______1 m

100 cm

1 m100 cm

(or 001 m = 1 cm)


conversion factors

equality

or

872 cm = 00872 m

1 m = 100 cm

______1 m100 cm


______1 m

100 cm

1 m100 cm


15000 dm

= 15 km1000 m

1 km10 dm

1 m


= 378432 s1 h

60 min24 h1 d 1 min

60 s____( ) ( )____( )_____438 d



412 cm2


= 4120 mm2

1 cm2

102 mm2

( )2 ( )2

Simple Mathwith

Conversion Factors


A = L W

= (46 cm)(91 cm)

91 cm= 42 cm2 cm

46 cm

Convert to m2 42 cm2 ( )______100 cm

1 m 2 = 00042 m2


cmcm


Find volume

Length = 142 cm

Width = 86 cm

Height = 215 cm

V = L W H

= (142 cm)(86 cm)(215 cm)

= 2600 cm3


Density =

Typical units


Vm D

volumemass m

V D

liquids and gases



1 a formula

water displacement

V = l ∙ w ∙ hV = p ∙ r2 ∙ h

V =

VfinalVinitial


2




Vm

D 3cm 20g 227

m

V D



33 cm 162

cmg

1135 m = D V = 184

3cmg

= 1135

g

V






19300 g

7720 cm3 or 772 L

425 lbs

3cmg


15 cm

18 cm

m

V D

m

V = p r2 h

Vm

D

= p (18 cm)2(15 cm)

= 15268

3cm 15268

g 1195 = 779

cm3


82 cm

51 cm

47 cm

m

V D

Vm

D


m

V = l w h

= 820 cm (510 cm)(470 cm)

3cmg

= 19655

3cm 19655

g 153 = 0778

cm3

lt 1 No it floats






D1

D2

D3

D4

D5

D1

D2

D3

D4

D5


liq

liqliq V

m D sohellip


mliq =


Vliq

mliq Dliq=

VliqDliq




a chemical reaction






reactants

methane + oxygen

+ H2O(g)

carbondioxide


water+

22

Reactants Products

NaOH(aq)

water


sodium

2 2


+ +

+ +

Reactants Products




Pmass = Rmass

=










Dominion Science


Slide 7

What is Chemistry

Slide 9

The Beginning

Alchemy

Slide 12

Slide 13

Slide 14

Slide 15

Areas of Chemistry


Slide 18



Slide 21





Toxicity


Chemical Exposure


Science


Corning Glass

Aluminum Mining

Slide 34

Slide 35




Slide 39

Types of Data






Slide 46



Slide 49


Graphs

Bar Graph

Pie Graph

Line Graph


Graphing HW



Scientific Notation

Slide 60


Slide 62

Slide 63


Slide 65

Slide 66

Slide 67

Slide 68

Slide 69

Percent Error

Percent Error (2)

Significant Figures

Practice Measuring




How many Sig Figs



Slide 80

Slide 81

Slide 82

Numerical Example

Slide 84


Slide 86

Slide 87


The Metric System







Slide 96

Slide 97

Slide 98

Slide 99

Slide 100


Slide 102

Slide 103

Slide 104

Slide 105

Slide 106


Slide 108

Slide 109

Slide 110

Slide 111


Slide 113

Slide 114

Slide 115




physicalinorganic

biochemistry

studies everything

except carbon

eg compounds

containing metals

the study of carbon










pharmaceuticals



petroleum products

synthetic fibers




spandex





OSHAworker

FDA

USDA

CPSC

consumer

EPAenvironment





Lab






Toxicity

Which is more toxic






--

Chemical Exposure




reaction to drugs


asbestos




>
>
>

Science






strong

lightweight

good conductor

Corning Glass




>

Aluminum Mining





4-6 pounds bauxite

current 1 lb Al

+

=

>



correlationhellip





How doesscientific

knowledgeadvance




Robert Boyle




(1661)




uses the fivesenses



colorless liquid --

-- eg eg

descriptions


(vs clear liquid)







hypothesis


experiment








Dependent variable







Develophypothesis

Develophypothesis


experiment


experiment


conclusions


conclusions

Hypothesis IS

supported

Hypothesis IS

supported

Hypothesis is NOT

supported

Hypothesis is NOT

supported

Developtheory

Developtheory



Revisehypothesis

Revisehypothesis


Scientific Method





gravity



G m mF

r


Theory of Gravity

Atomic Theory



theory

-- eg





Graphs



0

2

4

6

8

10

A B C D F

Chemistry Grades

o

f st

ud

ents


Entertainment (40)

Food (25)

Clothing (20)

Savings (15)



0

10

20

30

40

50

60

Jan Feb Mar Apr

Month

Sh

are

Pri

ce (

$)






0123456789

10

120 140 160 180 200 220 240

Temp (K)

Vo

lum

e (

L)


1 title

3 neat

Graphing HW

TimeTotal Dist

cycled (km)8 am 0

9 am 12

10 am 23

11 am 33

noon 42

1 pm 50

2 pm 57

3 pm 63


0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80


Time (h)

Dis

tan

ce C

ycle

d (

km)








800 = 8 x 10 x 10

= 8 x 102

2531 = 2531 x 10 x 10 x 10

= 2531 x 103

00014 = 14 10 10 10

= 14 x 10ndash3



187 x 10ndash5 = 00000187

37 x 108 = 370000000

788 x 101 = 788

2164 x 10ndash2 = 002164


12340 = 1234 x 104

0369 = 369 x 10ndash1

0008 = 8 x 10ndash3

1000000000 = 1 x 109

602 x 1023 = 602000000000000000000000




6 EE 0 32 2

6 y x 0 32 2

x 16 0 2 EE 320

y x 32x 16 0 2 0

nothellip

orhellip

and nothellip


6 EE 0 32 2

WRONG

WRONG

TOO MUCH WORK


(before the number

after the number

or either one)



12 x 105 28 x 1019


=

1 2 EE 5

92 8 EE 1





ndash65 x 10ndash19

535 x 103 or 5350

29 x 1023


435 x 106 (123 x 10ndash3) =

576 x 10ndash16 986 x 10ndash4 =

88 x 1011 x 33 x 1011 =

584 x 10ndash13



8 m






eg vs 800 m vs 800000 m

0653 m


eg precisehellip

imprecisehellip

0652 m

0654 m

07 m

08 m

06 m




human error

method error

instrument error






measuring device is



Percent Error


001

accepted

alexperimenterror

accepted

your value




100gmL 136

gmL 136gmL 140error

error = 29


Significant Figures



235 cm


Practice Measuring

45 cm

454 cm

30 cm


cm0 1 2 3 4 5

cm0 1 2 3 4 5

cm0 1 2 3 4 5






A (255 mL) B (1637 mL) C (51 mL)

26

25 164

163

60

50








How many Sig Figs


25 g

0030 kg

1240560 x 106 mg

6 x 104 sec

24631 g

2006 cm

1050 m

012 kg

1240560 cm

6000000 kg

600 x 106 kg

409 cm

29200 dm

002500 g

2

2

7

1

5

4

4

2

7

1

3

3

5

4





SF found5282 x 342 = 1806444

rarr rounded to 487



255 mL + 1637 mL + 51 mL = 9287 mL

93 mL




756

0528396

387600

4200

84845E-4

76 756 75600

38760 x 105388000390000

0528400528053

85 x 10ndash4

42000 x 103 420 x 1034200

848 x 10ndash4 84845 x 10ndash4




064 kgms2

52 kg (29 m)

(18 s)(13 s)=

48 g (23 s)

(18 s)(37 s)= 017 g

s



x = z ndash y





x ndash 24 = 13 +24 +24

x = 37




Numerical Example

Solve for x F = k x

F = k xk k

x = Fk __


( )__1k

F = k x( )__1k

(or)



Numerical Example

Solve for x 8 = 7 x

8 = 7 x7 7


( )__17

8 = 7 x( )__17

(or)



87 __

Solve for x ___ x

BA = TRH

___

BAH = xTR




x =

1TR( )___1

TR( )___


P1 = 108 atm

P2 = 086 atm

V1 = 322 L

V2 = 143 L

T1 = 373 K

P1V1T2 =P2V2T1

____ T1

P1V1 = P2V2

T2

____

1P1V1

( )____ 1P1V1

( )____

T2 = P1V1

______P2V2T1

130T2 = (108 atm)(322 L)_____________________(086 atm)(143 L)(373 K)

= K



The Metric System

from

Indu

stry

Wee

k 1

981

Nov

embe

r 30


kilo hecto deca

Base Units

metergramliter

deci centi milli





mega- M 1000000 106

kilo- k 1000 103

deci- d 01 10-1

centi- c 001 10-2

milli- m 0001 10-3

micro- m 0000001 10-6

nano- n 0000000001 10-9




Also

1 mL = 1 cm3 and 1 L = 1 dm3





conversion factors

equality

or

132 m = 132 cm

1 m = 100 cm

______1 m100 cm




______1 m

100 cm

1 m100 cm

(or 001 m = 1 cm)


conversion factors

equality

or

872 cm = 00872 m

1 m = 100 cm

______1 m100 cm


______1 m

100 cm

1 m100 cm


15000 dm

= 15 km1000 m

1 km10 dm

1 m


= 378432 s1 h

60 min24 h1 d 1 min

60 s____( ) ( )____( )_____438 d



412 cm2


= 4120 mm2

1 cm2

102 mm2

( )2 ( )2

Simple Mathwith

Conversion Factors


A = L W

= (46 cm)(91 cm)

91 cm= 42 cm2 cm

46 cm

Convert to m2 42 cm2 ( )______100 cm

1 m 2 = 00042 m2


cmcm


Find volume

Length = 142 cm

Width = 86 cm

Height = 215 cm

V = L W H

= (142 cm)(86 cm)(215 cm)

= 2600 cm3


Density =

Typical units


Vm D

volumemass m

V D

liquids and gases



1 a formula

water displacement

V = l ∙ w ∙ hV = p ∙ r2 ∙ h

V =

VfinalVinitial


2




Vm

D 3cm 20g 227

m

V D



33 cm 162

cmg

1135 m = D V = 184

3cmg

= 1135

g

V






19300 g

7720 cm3 or 772 L

425 lbs

3cmg


15 cm

18 cm

m

V D

m

V = p r2 h

Vm

D

= p (18 cm)2(15 cm)

= 15268

3cm 15268

g 1195 = 779

cm3


82 cm

51 cm

47 cm

m

V D

Vm

D


m

V = l w h

= 820 cm (510 cm)(470 cm)

3cmg

= 19655

3cm 19655

g 153 = 0778

cm3

lt 1 No it floats






D1

D2

D3

D4

D5

D1

D2

D3

D4

D5


liq

liqliq V

m D sohellip


mliq =


Vliq

mliq Dliq=

VliqDliq




a chemical reaction






reactants

methane + oxygen

+ H2O(g)

carbondioxide


water+

22

Reactants Products

NaOH(aq)

water


sodium

2 2


+ +

+ +

Reactants Products




Pmass = Rmass

=










Dominion Science


Slide 7

What is Chemistry

Slide 9

The Beginning

Alchemy

Slide 12

Slide 13

Slide 14

Slide 15

Areas of Chemistry


Slide 18



Slide 21





Toxicity


Chemical Exposure


Science


Corning Glass

Aluminum Mining

Slide 34

Slide 35




Slide 39

Types of Data






Slide 46



Slide 49


Graphs

Bar Graph

Pie Graph

Line Graph


Graphing HW



Scientific Notation

Slide 60


Slide 62

Slide 63


Slide 65

Slide 66

Slide 67

Slide 68

Slide 69

Percent Error

Percent Error (2)

Significant Figures

Practice Measuring




How many Sig Figs



Slide 80

Slide 81

Slide 82

Numerical Example

Slide 84


Slide 86

Slide 87


The Metric System







Slide 96

Slide 97

Slide 98

Slide 99

Slide 100


Slide 102

Slide 103

Slide 104

Slide 105

Slide 106


Slide 108

Slide 109

Slide 110

Slide 111


Slide 113

Slide 114

Slide 115








pharmaceuticals



petroleum products

synthetic fibers




spandex





OSHAworker

FDA

USDA

CPSC

consumer

EPAenvironment





Lab






Toxicity

Which is more toxic






--

Chemical Exposure




reaction to drugs


asbestos




>
>
>

Science






strong

lightweight

good conductor

Corning Glass




>

Aluminum Mining





4-6 pounds bauxite

current 1 lb Al

+

=

>



correlationhellip





How doesscientific

knowledgeadvance




Robert Boyle




(1661)




uses the fivesenses



colorless liquid --

-- eg eg

descriptions


(vs clear liquid)







hypothesis


experiment








Dependent variable







Develophypothesis

Develophypothesis


experiment


experiment


conclusions


conclusions

Hypothesis IS

supported

Hypothesis IS

supported

Hypothesis is NOT

supported

Hypothesis is NOT

supported

Developtheory

Developtheory



Revisehypothesis

Revisehypothesis


Scientific Method





gravity



G m mF

r


Theory of Gravity

Atomic Theory



theory

-- eg





Graphs



0

2

4

6

8

10

A B C D F

Chemistry Grades

o

f st

ud

ents


Entertainment (40)

Food (25)

Clothing (20)

Savings (15)



0

10

20

30

40

50

60

Jan Feb Mar Apr

Month

Sh

are

Pri

ce (

$)






0123456789

10

120 140 160 180 200 220 240

Temp (K)

Vo

lum

e (

L)


1 title

3 neat

Graphing HW

TimeTotal Dist

cycled (km)8 am 0

9 am 12

10 am 23

11 am 33

noon 42

1 pm 50

2 pm 57

3 pm 63


0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80


Time (h)

Dis

tan

ce C

ycle

d (

km)








800 = 8 x 10 x 10

= 8 x 102

2531 = 2531 x 10 x 10 x 10

= 2531 x 103

00014 = 14 10 10 10

= 14 x 10ndash3



187 x 10ndash5 = 00000187

37 x 108 = 370000000

788 x 101 = 788

2164 x 10ndash2 = 002164


12340 = 1234 x 104

0369 = 369 x 10ndash1

0008 = 8 x 10ndash3

1000000000 = 1 x 109

602 x 1023 = 602000000000000000000000




6 EE 0 32 2

6 y x 0 32 2

x 16 0 2 EE 320

y x 32x 16 0 2 0

nothellip

orhellip

and nothellip


6 EE 0 32 2

WRONG

WRONG

TOO MUCH WORK


(before the number

after the number

or either one)



12 x 105 28 x 1019


=

1 2 EE 5

92 8 EE 1





ndash65 x 10ndash19

535 x 103 or 5350

29 x 1023


435 x 106 (123 x 10ndash3) =

576 x 10ndash16 986 x 10ndash4 =

88 x 1011 x 33 x 1011 =

584 x 10ndash13



8 m






eg vs 800 m vs 800000 m

0653 m


eg precisehellip

imprecisehellip

0652 m

0654 m

07 m

08 m

06 m




human error

method error

instrument error






measuring device is



Percent Error


001

accepted

alexperimenterror

accepted

your value




100gmL 136

gmL 136gmL 140error

error = 29


Significant Figures



235 cm


Practice Measuring

45 cm

454 cm

30 cm


cm0 1 2 3 4 5

cm0 1 2 3 4 5

cm0 1 2 3 4 5






A (255 mL) B (1637 mL) C (51 mL)

26

25 164

163

60

50








How many Sig Figs


25 g

0030 kg

1240560 x 106 mg

6 x 104 sec

24631 g

2006 cm

1050 m

012 kg

1240560 cm

6000000 kg

600 x 106 kg

409 cm

29200 dm

002500 g

2

2

7

1

5

4

4

2

7

1

3

3

5

4





SF found5282 x 342 = 1806444

rarr rounded to 487



255 mL + 1637 mL + 51 mL = 9287 mL

93 mL




756

0528396

387600

4200

84845E-4

76 756 75600

38760 x 105388000390000

0528400528053

85 x 10ndash4

42000 x 103 420 x 1034200

848 x 10ndash4 84845 x 10ndash4




064 kgms2

52 kg (29 m)

(18 s)(13 s)=

48 g (23 s)

(18 s)(37 s)= 017 g

s



x = z ndash y





x ndash 24 = 13 +24 +24

x = 37




Numerical Example

Solve for x F = k x

F = k xk k

x = Fk __


( )__1k

F = k x( )__1k

(or)



Numerical Example

Solve for x 8 = 7 x

8 = 7 x7 7


( )__17

8 = 7 x( )__17

(or)



87 __

Solve for x ___ x

BA = TRH

___

BAH = xTR




x =

1TR( )___1

TR( )___


P1 = 108 atm

P2 = 086 atm

V1 = 322 L

V2 = 143 L

T1 = 373 K

P1V1T2 =P2V2T1

____ T1

P1V1 = P2V2

T2

____

1P1V1

( )____ 1P1V1

( )____

T2 = P1V1

______P2V2T1

130T2 = (108 atm)(322 L)_____________________(086 atm)(143 L)(373 K)

= K



The Metric System

from

Indu

stry

Wee

k 1

981

Nov

embe

r 30


kilo hecto deca

Base Units

metergramliter

deci centi milli





mega- M 1000000 106

kilo- k 1000 103

deci- d 01 10-1

centi- c 001 10-2

milli- m 0001 10-3

micro- m 0000001 10-6

nano- n 0000000001 10-9




Also

1 mL = 1 cm3 and 1 L = 1 dm3





conversion factors

equality

or

132 m = 132 cm

1 m = 100 cm

______1 m100 cm




______1 m

100 cm

1 m100 cm

(or 001 m = 1 cm)


conversion factors

equality

or

872 cm = 00872 m

1 m = 100 cm

______1 m100 cm


______1 m

100 cm

1 m100 cm


15000 dm

= 15 km1000 m

1 km10 dm

1 m


= 378432 s1 h

60 min24 h1 d 1 min

60 s____( ) ( )____( )_____438 d



412 cm2


= 4120 mm2

1 cm2

102 mm2

( )2 ( )2

Simple Mathwith

Conversion Factors


A = L W

= (46 cm)(91 cm)

91 cm= 42 cm2 cm

46 cm

Convert to m2 42 cm2 ( )______100 cm

1 m 2 = 00042 m2


cmcm


Find volume

Length = 142 cm

Width = 86 cm

Height = 215 cm

V = L W H

= (142 cm)(86 cm)(215 cm)

= 2600 cm3


Density =

Typical units


Vm D

volumemass m

V D

liquids and gases



1 a formula

water displacement

V = l ∙ w ∙ hV = p ∙ r2 ∙ h

V =

VfinalVinitial


2




Vm

D 3cm 20g 227

m

V D



33 cm 162

cmg

1135 m = D V = 184

3cmg

= 1135

g

V






19300 g

7720 cm3 or 772 L

425 lbs

3cmg


15 cm

18 cm

m

V D

m

V = p r2 h

Vm

D

= p (18 cm)2(15 cm)

= 15268

3cm 15268

g 1195 = 779

cm3


82 cm

51 cm

47 cm

m

V D

Vm

D


m

V = l w h

= 820 cm (510 cm)(470 cm)

3cmg

= 19655

3cm 19655

g 153 = 0778

cm3

lt 1 No it floats






D1

D2

D3

D4

D5

D1

D2

D3

D4

D5


liq

liqliq V

m D sohellip


mliq =


Vliq

mliq Dliq=

VliqDliq




a chemical reaction






reactants

methane + oxygen

+ H2O(g)

carbondioxide


water+

22

Reactants Products

NaOH(aq)

water


sodium

2 2


+ +

+ +

Reactants Products




Pmass = Rmass

=










Dominion Science


Slide 7

What is Chemistry

Slide 9

The Beginning

Alchemy

Slide 12

Slide 13

Slide 14

Slide 15

Areas of Chemistry


Slide 18



Slide 21





Toxicity


Chemical Exposure


Science


Corning Glass

Aluminum Mining

Slide 34

Slide 35




Slide 39

Types of Data






Slide 46



Slide 49


Graphs

Bar Graph

Pie Graph

Line Graph


Graphing HW



Scientific Notation

Slide 60


Slide 62

Slide 63


Slide 65

Slide 66

Slide 67

Slide 68

Slide 69

Percent Error

Percent Error (2)

Significant Figures

Practice Measuring




How many Sig Figs



Slide 80

Slide 81

Slide 82

Numerical Example

Slide 84


Slide 86

Slide 87


The Metric System







Slide 96

Slide 97

Slide 98

Slide 99

Slide 100


Slide 102

Slide 103

Slide 104

Slide 105

Slide 106


Slide 108

Slide 109

Slide 110

Slide 111


Slide 113

Slide 114

Slide 115






OSHAworker

FDA

USDA

CPSC

consumer

EPAenvironment





Lab






Toxicity

Which is more toxic






--

Chemical Exposure




reaction to drugs


asbestos




>
>
>

Science






strong

lightweight

good conductor

Corning Glass




>

Aluminum Mining





4-6 pounds bauxite

current 1 lb Al

+

=

>



correlationhellip





How doesscientific

knowledgeadvance




Robert Boyle




(1661)




uses the fivesenses



colorless liquid --

-- eg eg

descriptions


(vs clear liquid)







hypothesis


experiment








Dependent variable







Develophypothesis

Develophypothesis


experiment


experiment


conclusions


conclusions

Hypothesis IS

supported

Hypothesis IS

supported

Hypothesis is NOT

supported

Hypothesis is NOT

supported

Developtheory

Developtheory



Revisehypothesis

Revisehypothesis


Scientific Method





gravity



G m mF

r


Theory of Gravity

Atomic Theory



theory

-- eg





Graphs



0

2

4

6

8

10

A B C D F

Chemistry Grades

o

f st

ud

ents


Entertainment (40)

Food (25)

Clothing (20)

Savings (15)



0

10

20

30

40

50

60

Jan Feb Mar Apr

Month

Sh

are

Pri

ce (

$)






0123456789

10

120 140 160 180 200 220 240

Temp (K)

Vo

lum

e (

L)


1 title

3 neat

Graphing HW

TimeTotal Dist

cycled (km)8 am 0

9 am 12

10 am 23

11 am 33

noon 42

1 pm 50

2 pm 57

3 pm 63


0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80


Time (h)

Dis

tan

ce C

ycle

d (

km)








800 = 8 x 10 x 10

= 8 x 102

2531 = 2531 x 10 x 10 x 10

= 2531 x 103

00014 = 14 10 10 10

= 14 x 10ndash3



187 x 10ndash5 = 00000187

37 x 108 = 370000000

788 x 101 = 788

2164 x 10ndash2 = 002164


12340 = 1234 x 104

0369 = 369 x 10ndash1

0008 = 8 x 10ndash3

1000000000 = 1 x 109

602 x 1023 = 602000000000000000000000




6 EE 0 32 2

6 y x 0 32 2

x 16 0 2 EE 320

y x 32x 16 0 2 0

nothellip

orhellip

and nothellip


6 EE 0 32 2

WRONG

WRONG

TOO MUCH WORK


(before the number

after the number

or either one)



12 x 105 28 x 1019


=

1 2 EE 5

92 8 EE 1





ndash65 x 10ndash19

535 x 103 or 5350

29 x 1023


435 x 106 (123 x 10ndash3) =

576 x 10ndash16 986 x 10ndash4 =

88 x 1011 x 33 x 1011 =

584 x 10ndash13



8 m






eg vs 800 m vs 800000 m

0653 m


eg precisehellip

imprecisehellip

0652 m

0654 m

07 m

08 m

06 m




human error

method error

instrument error






measuring device is



Percent Error


001

accepted

alexperimenterror

accepted

your value




100gmL 136

gmL 136gmL 140error

error = 29


Significant Figures



235 cm


Practice Measuring

45 cm

454 cm

30 cm


cm0 1 2 3 4 5

cm0 1 2 3 4 5

cm0 1 2 3 4 5






A (255 mL) B (1637 mL) C (51 mL)

26

25 164

163

60

50








How many Sig Figs


25 g

0030 kg

1240560 x 106 mg

6 x 104 sec

24631 g

2006 cm

1050 m

012 kg

1240560 cm

6000000 kg

600 x 106 kg

409 cm

29200 dm

002500 g

2

2

7

1

5

4

4

2

7

1

3

3

5

4





SF found5282 x 342 = 1806444

rarr rounded to 487



255 mL + 1637 mL + 51 mL = 9287 mL

93 mL




756

0528396

387600

4200

84845E-4

76 756 75600

38760 x 105388000390000

0528400528053

85 x 10ndash4

42000 x 103 420 x 1034200

848 x 10ndash4 84845 x 10ndash4




064 kgms2

52 kg (29 m)

(18 s)(13 s)=

48 g (23 s)

(18 s)(37 s)= 017 g

s



x = z ndash y





x ndash 24 = 13 +24 +24

x = 37




Numerical Example

Solve for x F = k x

F = k xk k

x = Fk __


( )__1k

F = k x( )__1k

(or)



Numerical Example

Solve for x 8 = 7 x

8 = 7 x7 7


( )__17

8 = 7 x( )__17

(or)



87 __

Solve for x ___ x

BA = TRH

___

BAH = xTR




x =

1TR( )___1

TR( )___


P1 = 108 atm

P2 = 086 atm

V1 = 322 L

V2 = 143 L

T1 = 373 K

P1V1T2 =P2V2T1

____ T1

P1V1 = P2V2

T2

____

1P1V1

( )____ 1P1V1

( )____

T2 = P1V1

______P2V2T1

130T2 = (108 atm)(322 L)_____________________(086 atm)(143 L)(373 K)

= K



The Metric System

from

Indu

stry

Wee

k 1

981

Nov

embe

r 30


kilo hecto deca

Base Units

metergramliter

deci centi milli





mega- M 1000000 106

kilo- k 1000 103

deci- d 01 10-1

centi- c 001 10-2

milli- m 0001 10-3

micro- m 0000001 10-6

nano- n 0000000001 10-9




Also

1 mL = 1 cm3 and 1 L = 1 dm3





conversion factors

equality

or

132 m = 132 cm

1 m = 100 cm

______1 m100 cm




______1 m

100 cm

1 m100 cm

(or 001 m = 1 cm)


conversion factors

equality

or

872 cm = 00872 m

1 m = 100 cm

______1 m100 cm


______1 m

100 cm

1 m100 cm


15000 dm

= 15 km1000 m

1 km10 dm

1 m


= 378432 s1 h

60 min24 h1 d 1 min

60 s____( ) ( )____( )_____438 d



412 cm2


= 4120 mm2

1 cm2

102 mm2

( )2 ( )2

Simple Mathwith

Conversion Factors


A = L W

= (46 cm)(91 cm)

91 cm= 42 cm2 cm

46 cm

Convert to m2 42 cm2 ( )______100 cm

1 m 2 = 00042 m2


cmcm


Find volume

Length = 142 cm

Width = 86 cm

Height = 215 cm

V = L W H

= (142 cm)(86 cm)(215 cm)

= 2600 cm3


Density =

Typical units


Vm D

volumemass m

V D

liquids and gases



1 a formula

water displacement

V = l ∙ w ∙ hV = p ∙ r2 ∙ h

V =

VfinalVinitial


2




Vm

D 3cm 20g 227

m

V D



33 cm 162

cmg

1135 m = D V = 184

3cmg

= 1135

g

V






19300 g

7720 cm3 or 772 L

425 lbs

3cmg


15 cm

18 cm

m

V D

m

V = p r2 h

Vm

D

= p (18 cm)2(15 cm)

= 15268

3cm 15268

g 1195 = 779

cm3


82 cm

51 cm

47 cm

m

V D

Vm

D


m

V = l w h

= 820 cm (510 cm)(470 cm)

3cmg

= 19655

3cm 19655

g 153 = 0778

cm3

lt 1 No it floats






D1

D2

D3

D4

D5

D1

D2

D3

D4

D5


liq

liqliq V

m D sohellip


mliq =


Vliq

mliq Dliq=

VliqDliq




a chemical reaction






reactants

methane + oxygen

+ H2O(g)

carbondioxide


water+

22

Reactants Products

NaOH(aq)

water


sodium

2 2


+ +

+ +

Reactants Products




Pmass = Rmass

=










Dominion Science


Slide 7

What is Chemistry

Slide 9

The Beginning

Alchemy

Slide 12

Slide 13

Slide 14

Slide 15

Areas of Chemistry


Slide 18



Slide 21





Toxicity


Chemical Exposure


Science


Corning Glass

Aluminum Mining

Slide 34

Slide 35




Slide 39

Types of Data






Slide 46



Slide 49


Graphs

Bar Graph

Pie Graph

Line Graph


Graphing HW



Scientific Notation

Slide 60


Slide 62

Slide 63


Slide 65

Slide 66

Slide 67

Slide 68

Slide 69

Percent Error

Percent Error (2)

Significant Figures

Practice Measuring




How many Sig Figs



Slide 80

Slide 81

Slide 82

Numerical Example

Slide 84


Slide 86

Slide 87


The Metric System







Slide 96

Slide 97

Slide 98

Slide 99

Slide 100


Slide 102

Slide 103

Slide 104

Slide 105

Slide 106


Slide 108

Slide 109

Slide 110

Slide 111


Slide 113

Slide 114

Slide 115







Lab






Toxicity

Which is more toxic






--

Chemical Exposure




reaction to drugs


asbestos




>
>
>

Science






strong

lightweight

good conductor

Corning Glass




>

Aluminum Mining





4-6 pounds bauxite

current 1 lb Al

+

=

>



correlationhellip





How doesscientific

knowledgeadvance




Robert Boyle




(1661)




uses the fivesenses



colorless liquid --

-- eg eg

descriptions


(vs clear liquid)







hypothesis


experiment








Dependent variable







Develophypothesis

Develophypothesis


experiment


experiment


conclusions


conclusions

Hypothesis IS

supported

Hypothesis IS

supported

Hypothesis is NOT

supported

Hypothesis is NOT

supported

Developtheory

Developtheory



Revisehypothesis

Revisehypothesis


Scientific Method





gravity



G m mF

r


Theory of Gravity

Atomic Theory



theory

-- eg





Graphs



0

2

4

6

8

10

A B C D F

Chemistry Grades

o

f st

ud

ents


Entertainment (40)

Food (25)

Clothing (20)

Savings (15)



0

10

20

30

40

50

60

Jan Feb Mar Apr

Month

Sh

are

Pri

ce (

$)






0123456789

10

120 140 160 180 200 220 240

Temp (K)

Vo

lum

e (

L)


1 title

3 neat

Graphing HW

TimeTotal Dist

cycled (km)8 am 0

9 am 12

10 am 23

11 am 33

noon 42

1 pm 50

2 pm 57

3 pm 63


0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80


Time (h)

Dis

tan

ce C

ycle

d (

km)








800 = 8 x 10 x 10

= 8 x 102

2531 = 2531 x 10 x 10 x 10

= 2531 x 103

00014 = 14 10 10 10

= 14 x 10ndash3



187 x 10ndash5 = 00000187

37 x 108 = 370000000

788 x 101 = 788

2164 x 10ndash2 = 002164


12340 = 1234 x 104

0369 = 369 x 10ndash1

0008 = 8 x 10ndash3

1000000000 = 1 x 109

602 x 1023 = 602000000000000000000000




6 EE 0 32 2

6 y x 0 32 2

x 16 0 2 EE 320

y x 32x 16 0 2 0

nothellip

orhellip

and nothellip


6 EE 0 32 2

WRONG

WRONG

TOO MUCH WORK


(before the number

after the number

or either one)



12 x 105 28 x 1019


=

1 2 EE 5

92 8 EE 1





ndash65 x 10ndash19

535 x 103 or 5350

29 x 1023


435 x 106 (123 x 10ndash3) =

576 x 10ndash16 986 x 10ndash4 =

88 x 1011 x 33 x 1011 =

584 x 10ndash13



8 m






eg vs 800 m vs 800000 m

0653 m


eg precisehellip

imprecisehellip

0652 m

0654 m

07 m

08 m

06 m




human error

method error

instrument error






measuring device is



Percent Error


001

accepted

alexperimenterror

accepted

your value




100gmL 136

gmL 136gmL 140error

error = 29


Significant Figures



235 cm


Practice Measuring

45 cm

454 cm

30 cm


cm0 1 2 3 4 5

cm0 1 2 3 4 5

cm0 1 2 3 4 5






A (255 mL) B (1637 mL) C (51 mL)

26

25 164

163

60

50








How many Sig Figs


25 g

0030 kg

1240560 x 106 mg

6 x 104 sec

24631 g

2006 cm

1050 m

012 kg

1240560 cm

6000000 kg

600 x 106 kg

409 cm

29200 dm

002500 g

2

2

7

1

5

4

4

2

7

1

3

3

5

4





SF found5282 x 342 = 1806444

rarr rounded to 487



255 mL + 1637 mL + 51 mL = 9287 mL

93 mL




756

0528396

387600

4200

84845E-4

76 756 75600

38760 x 105388000390000

0528400528053

85 x 10ndash4

42000 x 103 420 x 1034200

848 x 10ndash4 84845 x 10ndash4




064 kgms2

52 kg (29 m)

(18 s)(13 s)=

48 g (23 s)

(18 s)(37 s)= 017 g

s



x = z ndash y





x ndash 24 = 13 +24 +24

x = 37




Numerical Example

Solve for x F = k x

F = k xk k

x = Fk __


( )__1k

F = k x( )__1k

(or)



Numerical Example

Solve for x 8 = 7 x

8 = 7 x7 7


( )__17

8 = 7 x( )__17

(or)



87 __

Solve for x ___ x

BA = TRH

___

BAH = xTR




x =

1TR( )___1

TR( )___


P1 = 108 atm

P2 = 086 atm

V1 = 322 L

V2 = 143 L

T1 = 373 K

P1V1T2 =P2V2T1

____ T1

P1V1 = P2V2

T2

____

1P1V1

( )____ 1P1V1

( )____

T2 = P1V1

______P2V2T1

130T2 = (108 atm)(322 L)_____________________(086 atm)(143 L)(373 K)

= K



The Metric System

from

Indu

stry

Wee

k 1

981

Nov

embe

r 30


kilo hecto deca

Base Units

metergramliter

deci centi milli





mega- M 1000000 106

kilo- k 1000 103

deci- d 01 10-1

centi- c 001 10-2

milli- m 0001 10-3

micro- m 0000001 10-6

nano- n 0000000001 10-9




Also

1 mL = 1 cm3 and 1 L = 1 dm3





conversion factors

equality

or

132 m = 132 cm

1 m = 100 cm

______1 m100 cm




______1 m

100 cm

1 m100 cm

(or 001 m = 1 cm)


conversion factors

equality

or

872 cm = 00872 m

1 m = 100 cm

______1 m100 cm


______1 m

100 cm

1 m100 cm


15000 dm

= 15 km1000 m

1 km10 dm

1 m


= 378432 s1 h

60 min24 h1 d 1 min

60 s____( ) ( )____( )_____438 d



412 cm2


= 4120 mm2

1 cm2

102 mm2

( )2 ( )2

Simple Mathwith

Conversion Factors


A = L W

= (46 cm)(91 cm)

91 cm= 42 cm2 cm

46 cm

Convert to m2 42 cm2 ( )______100 cm

1 m 2 = 00042 m2


cmcm


Find volume

Length = 142 cm

Width = 86 cm

Height = 215 cm

V = L W H

= (142 cm)(86 cm)(215 cm)

= 2600 cm3


Density =

Typical units


Vm D

volumemass m

V D

liquids and gases



1 a formula

water displacement

V = l ∙ w ∙ hV = p ∙ r2 ∙ h

V =

VfinalVinitial


2




Vm

D 3cm 20g 227

m

V D



33 cm 162

cmg

1135 m = D V = 184

3cmg

= 1135

g

V






19300 g

7720 cm3 or 772 L

425 lbs

3cmg


15 cm

18 cm

m

V D

m

V = p r2 h

Vm

D

= p (18 cm)2(15 cm)

= 15268

3cm 15268

g 1195 = 779

cm3


82 cm

51 cm

47 cm

m

V D

Vm

D


m

V = l w h

= 820 cm (510 cm)(470 cm)

3cmg

= 19655

3cm 19655

g 153 = 0778

cm3

lt 1 No it floats






D1

D2

D3

D4

D5

D1

D2

D3

D4

D5


liq

liqliq V

m D sohellip


mliq =


Vliq

mliq Dliq=

VliqDliq




a chemical reaction






reactants

methane + oxygen

+ H2O(g)

carbondioxide


water+

22

Reactants Products

NaOH(aq)

water


sodium

2 2


+ +

+ +

Reactants Products




Pmass = Rmass

=










Dominion Science


Slide 7

What is Chemistry

Slide 9

The Beginning

Alchemy

Slide 12

Slide 13

Slide 14

Slide 15

Areas of Chemistry


Slide 18



Slide 21





Toxicity


Chemical Exposure


Science


Corning Glass

Aluminum Mining

Slide 34

Slide 35




Slide 39

Types of Data






Slide 46



Slide 49


Graphs

Bar Graph

Pie Graph

Line Graph


Graphing HW



Scientific Notation

Slide 60


Slide 62

Slide 63


Slide 65

Slide 66

Slide 67

Slide 68

Slide 69

Percent Error

Percent Error (2)

Significant Figures

Practice Measuring




How many Sig Figs



Slide 80

Slide 81

Slide 82

Numerical Example

Slide 84


Slide 86

Slide 87


The Metric System







Slide 96

Slide 97

Slide 98

Slide 99

Slide 100


Slide 102

Slide 103

Slide 104

Slide 105

Slide 106


Slide 108

Slide 109

Slide 110

Slide 111


Slide 113

Slide 114

Slide 115








Toxicity

Which is more toxic






--

Chemical Exposure




reaction to drugs


asbestos




>
>
>

Science






strong

lightweight

good conductor

Corning Glass




>

Aluminum Mining





4-6 pounds bauxite

current 1 lb Al

+

=

>



correlationhellip





How doesscientific

knowledgeadvance




Robert Boyle




(1661)




uses the fivesenses



colorless liquid --

-- eg eg

descriptions


(vs clear liquid)







hypothesis


experiment








Dependent variable







Develophypothesis

Develophypothesis


experiment


experiment


conclusions


conclusions

Hypothesis IS

supported

Hypothesis IS

supported

Hypothesis is NOT

supported

Hypothesis is NOT

supported

Developtheory

Developtheory



Revisehypothesis

Revisehypothesis


Scientific Method





gravity



G m mF

r


Theory of Gravity

Atomic Theory



theory

-- eg





Graphs



0

2

4

6

8

10

A B C D F

Chemistry Grades

o

f st

ud

ents


Entertainment (40)

Food (25)

Clothing (20)

Savings (15)



0

10

20

30

40

50

60

Jan Feb Mar Apr

Month

Sh

are

Pri

ce (

$)






0123456789

10

120 140 160 180 200 220 240

Temp (K)

Vo

lum

e (

L)


1 title

3 neat

Graphing HW

TimeTotal Dist

cycled (km)8 am 0

9 am 12

10 am 23

11 am 33

noon 42

1 pm 50

2 pm 57

3 pm 63


0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80


Time (h)

Dis

tan

ce C

ycle

d (

km)








800 = 8 x 10 x 10

= 8 x 102

2531 = 2531 x 10 x 10 x 10

= 2531 x 103

00014 = 14 10 10 10

= 14 x 10ndash3



187 x 10ndash5 = 00000187

37 x 108 = 370000000

788 x 101 = 788

2164 x 10ndash2 = 002164


12340 = 1234 x 104

0369 = 369 x 10ndash1

0008 = 8 x 10ndash3

1000000000 = 1 x 109

602 x 1023 = 602000000000000000000000




6 EE 0 32 2

6 y x 0 32 2

x 16 0 2 EE 320

y x 32x 16 0 2 0

nothellip

orhellip

and nothellip


6 EE 0 32 2

WRONG

WRONG

TOO MUCH WORK


(before the number

after the number

or either one)



12 x 105 28 x 1019


=

1 2 EE 5

92 8 EE 1





ndash65 x 10ndash19

535 x 103 or 5350

29 x 1023


435 x 106 (123 x 10ndash3) =

576 x 10ndash16 986 x 10ndash4 =

88 x 1011 x 33 x 1011 =

584 x 10ndash13



8 m






eg vs 800 m vs 800000 m

0653 m


eg precisehellip

imprecisehellip

0652 m

0654 m

07 m

08 m

06 m




human error

method error

instrument error






measuring device is



Percent Error


001

accepted

alexperimenterror

accepted

your value




100gmL 136

gmL 136gmL 140error

error = 29


Significant Figures



235 cm


Practice Measuring

45 cm

454 cm

30 cm


cm0 1 2 3 4 5

cm0 1 2 3 4 5

cm0 1 2 3 4 5






A (255 mL) B (1637 mL) C (51 mL)

26

25 164

163

60

50








How many Sig Figs


25 g

0030 kg

1240560 x 106 mg

6 x 104 sec

24631 g

2006 cm

1050 m

012 kg

1240560 cm

6000000 kg

600 x 106 kg

409 cm

29200 dm

002500 g

2

2

7

1

5

4

4

2

7

1

3

3

5

4





SF found5282 x 342 = 1806444

rarr rounded to 487



255 mL + 1637 mL + 51 mL = 9287 mL

93 mL




756

0528396

387600

4200

84845E-4

76 756 75600

38760 x 105388000390000

0528400528053

85 x 10ndash4

42000 x 103 420 x 1034200

848 x 10ndash4 84845 x 10ndash4




064 kgms2

52 kg (29 m)

(18 s)(13 s)=

48 g (23 s)

(18 s)(37 s)= 017 g

s



x = z ndash y





x ndash 24 = 13 +24 +24

x = 37




Numerical Example

Solve for x F = k x

F = k xk k

x = Fk __


( )__1k

F = k x( )__1k

(or)



Numerical Example

Solve for x 8 = 7 x

8 = 7 x7 7


( )__17

8 = 7 x( )__17

(or)



87 __

Solve for x ___ x

BA = TRH

___

BAH = xTR




x =

1TR( )___1

TR( )___


P1 = 108 atm

P2 = 086 atm

V1 = 322 L

V2 = 143 L

T1 = 373 K

P1V1T2 =P2V2T1

____ T1

P1V1 = P2V2

T2

____

1P1V1

( )____ 1P1V1

( )____

T2 = P1V1

______P2V2T1

130T2 = (108 atm)(322 L)_____________________(086 atm)(143 L)(373 K)

= K



The Metric System

from

Indu

stry

Wee

k 1

981

Nov

embe

r 30


kilo hecto deca

Base Units

metergramliter

deci centi milli





mega- M 1000000 106

kilo- k 1000 103

deci- d 01 10-1

centi- c 001 10-2

milli- m 0001 10-3

micro- m 0000001 10-6

nano- n 0000000001 10-9




Also

1 mL = 1 cm3 and 1 L = 1 dm3





conversion factors

equality

or

132 m = 132 cm

1 m = 100 cm

______1 m100 cm




______1 m

100 cm

1 m100 cm

(or 001 m = 1 cm)


conversion factors

equality

or

872 cm = 00872 m

1 m = 100 cm

______1 m100 cm


______1 m

100 cm

1 m100 cm


15000 dm

= 15 km1000 m

1 km10 dm

1 m


= 378432 s1 h

60 min24 h1 d 1 min

60 s____( ) ( )____( )_____438 d



412 cm2


= 4120 mm2

1 cm2

102 mm2

( )2 ( )2

Simple Mathwith

Conversion Factors


A = L W

= (46 cm)(91 cm)

91 cm= 42 cm2 cm

46 cm

Convert to m2 42 cm2 ( )______100 cm

1 m 2 = 00042 m2


cmcm


Find volume

Length = 142 cm

Width = 86 cm

Height = 215 cm

V = L W H

= (142 cm)(86 cm)(215 cm)

= 2600 cm3


Density =

Typical units


Vm D

volumemass m

V D

liquids and gases



1 a formula

water displacement

V = l ∙ w ∙ hV = p ∙ r2 ∙ h

V =

VfinalVinitial


2




Vm

D 3cm 20g 227

m

V D



33 cm 162

cmg

1135 m = D V = 184

3cmg

= 1135

g

V






19300 g

7720 cm3 or 772 L

425 lbs

3cmg


15 cm

18 cm

m

V D

m

V = p r2 h

Vm

D

= p (18 cm)2(15 cm)

= 15268

3cm 15268

g 1195 = 779

cm3


82 cm

51 cm

47 cm

m

V D

Vm

D


m

V = l w h

= 820 cm (510 cm)(470 cm)

3cmg

= 19655

3cm 19655

g 153 = 0778

cm3

lt 1 No it floats






D1

D2

D3

D4

D5

D1

D2

D3

D4

D5


liq

liqliq V

m D sohellip


mliq =


Vliq

mliq Dliq=

VliqDliq




a chemical reaction






reactants

methane + oxygen

+ H2O(g)

carbondioxide


water+

22

Reactants Products

NaOH(aq)

water


sodium

2 2


+ +

+ +

Reactants Products




Pmass = Rmass

=










Dominion Science


Slide 7

What is Chemistry

Slide 9

The Beginning

Alchemy

Slide 12

Slide 13

Slide 14

Slide 15

Areas of Chemistry


Slide 18



Slide 21





Toxicity


Chemical Exposure


Science


Corning Glass

Aluminum Mining

Slide 34

Slide 35




Slide 39

Types of Data






Slide 46



Slide 49


Graphs

Bar Graph

Pie Graph

Line Graph


Graphing HW



Scientific Notation

Slide 60


Slide 62

Slide 63


Slide 65

Slide 66

Slide 67

Slide 68

Slide 69

Percent Error

Percent Error (2)

Significant Figures

Practice Measuring




How many Sig Figs



Slide 80

Slide 81

Slide 82

Numerical Example

Slide 84


Slide 86

Slide 87


The Metric System







Slide 96

Slide 97

Slide 98

Slide 99

Slide 100


Slide 102

Slide 103

Slide 104

Slide 105

Slide 106


Slide 108

Slide 109

Slide 110

Slide 111


Slide 113

Slide 114

Slide 115







--

Chemical Exposure




reaction to drugs


asbestos




>
>
>

Science






strong

lightweight

good conductor

Corning Glass




>

Aluminum Mining





4-6 pounds bauxite

current 1 lb Al

+

=

>



correlationhellip





How doesscientific

knowledgeadvance




Robert Boyle




(1661)




uses the fivesenses



colorless liquid --

-- eg eg

descriptions


(vs clear liquid)







hypothesis


experiment








Dependent variable







Develophypothesis

Develophypothesis


experiment


experiment


conclusions


conclusions

Hypothesis IS

supported

Hypothesis IS

supported

Hypothesis is NOT

supported

Hypothesis is NOT

supported

Developtheory

Developtheory



Revisehypothesis

Revisehypothesis


Scientific Method





gravity



G m mF

r


Theory of Gravity

Atomic Theory



theory

-- eg





Graphs



0

2

4

6

8

10

A B C D F

Chemistry Grades

o

f st

ud

ents


Entertainment (40)

Food (25)

Clothing (20)

Savings (15)



0

10

20

30

40

50

60

Jan Feb Mar Apr

Month

Sh

are

Pri

ce (

$)






0123456789

10

120 140 160 180 200 220 240

Temp (K)

Vo

lum

e (

L)


1 title

3 neat

Graphing HW

TimeTotal Dist

cycled (km)8 am 0

9 am 12

10 am 23

11 am 33

noon 42

1 pm 50

2 pm 57

3 pm 63


0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80


Time (h)

Dis

tan

ce C

ycle

d (

km)








800 = 8 x 10 x 10

= 8 x 102

2531 = 2531 x 10 x 10 x 10

= 2531 x 103

00014 = 14 10 10 10

= 14 x 10ndash3



187 x 10ndash5 = 00000187

37 x 108 = 370000000

788 x 101 = 788

2164 x 10ndash2 = 002164


12340 = 1234 x 104

0369 = 369 x 10ndash1

0008 = 8 x 10ndash3

1000000000 = 1 x 109

602 x 1023 = 602000000000000000000000




6 EE 0 32 2

6 y x 0 32 2

x 16 0 2 EE 320

y x 32x 16 0 2 0

nothellip

orhellip

and nothellip


6 EE 0 32 2

WRONG

WRONG

TOO MUCH WORK


(before the number

after the number

or either one)



12 x 105 28 x 1019


=

1 2 EE 5

92 8 EE 1





ndash65 x 10ndash19

535 x 103 or 5350

29 x 1023


435 x 106 (123 x 10ndash3) =

576 x 10ndash16 986 x 10ndash4 =

88 x 1011 x 33 x 1011 =

584 x 10ndash13



8 m






eg vs 800 m vs 800000 m

0653 m


eg precisehellip

imprecisehellip

0652 m

0654 m

07 m

08 m

06 m




human error

method error

instrument error






measuring device is



Percent Error


001

accepted

alexperimenterror

accepted

your value




100gmL 136

gmL 136gmL 140error

error = 29


Significant Figures



235 cm


Practice Measuring

45 cm

454 cm

30 cm


cm0 1 2 3 4 5

cm0 1 2 3 4 5

cm0 1 2 3 4 5






A (255 mL) B (1637 mL) C (51 mL)

26

25 164

163

60

50








How many Sig Figs


25 g

0030 kg

1240560 x 106 mg

6 x 104 sec

24631 g

2006 cm

1050 m

012 kg

1240560 cm

6000000 kg

600 x 106 kg

409 cm

29200 dm

002500 g

2

2

7

1

5

4

4

2

7

1

3

3

5

4





SF found5282 x 342 = 1806444

rarr rounded to 487



255 mL + 1637 mL + 51 mL = 9287 mL

93 mL




756

0528396

387600

4200

84845E-4

76 756 75600

38760 x 105388000390000

0528400528053

85 x 10ndash4

42000 x 103 420 x 1034200

848 x 10ndash4 84845 x 10ndash4




064 kgms2

52 kg (29 m)

(18 s)(13 s)=

48 g (23 s)

(18 s)(37 s)= 017 g

s



x = z ndash y





x ndash 24 = 13 +24 +24

x = 37




Numerical Example

Solve for x F = k x

F = k xk k

x = Fk __


( )__1k

F = k x( )__1k

(or)



Numerical Example

Solve for x 8 = 7 x

8 = 7 x7 7


( )__17

8 = 7 x( )__17

(or)



87 __

Solve for x ___ x

BA = TRH

___

BAH = xTR




x =

1TR( )___1

TR( )___


P1 = 108 atm

P2 = 086 atm

V1 = 322 L

V2 = 143 L

T1 = 373 K

P1V1T2 =P2V2T1

____ T1

P1V1 = P2V2

T2

____

1P1V1

( )____ 1P1V1

( )____

T2 = P1V1

______P2V2T1

130T2 = (108 atm)(322 L)_____________________(086 atm)(143 L)(373 K)

= K



The Metric System

from

Indu

stry

Wee

k 1

981

Nov

embe

r 30


kilo hecto deca

Base Units

metergramliter

deci centi milli





mega- M 1000000 106

kilo- k 1000 103

deci- d 01 10-1

centi- c 001 10-2

milli- m 0001 10-3

micro- m 0000001 10-6

nano- n 0000000001 10-9




Also

1 mL = 1 cm3 and 1 L = 1 dm3





conversion factors

equality

or

132 m = 132 cm

1 m = 100 cm

______1 m100 cm




______1 m

100 cm

1 m100 cm

(or 001 m = 1 cm)


conversion factors

equality

or

872 cm = 00872 m

1 m = 100 cm

______1 m100 cm


______1 m

100 cm

1 m100 cm


15000 dm

= 15 km1000 m

1 km10 dm

1 m


= 378432 s1 h

60 min24 h1 d 1 min

60 s____( ) ( )____( )_____438 d



412 cm2


= 4120 mm2

1 cm2

102 mm2

( )2 ( )2

Simple Mathwith

Conversion Factors


A = L W

= (46 cm)(91 cm)

91 cm= 42 cm2 cm

46 cm

Convert to m2 42 cm2 ( )______100 cm

1 m 2 = 00042 m2


cmcm


Find volume

Length = 142 cm

Width = 86 cm

Height = 215 cm

V = L W H

= (142 cm)(86 cm)(215 cm)

= 2600 cm3


Density =

Typical units


Vm D

volumemass m

V D

liquids and gases



1 a formula

water displacement

V = l ∙ w ∙ hV = p ∙ r2 ∙ h

V =

VfinalVinitial


2




Vm

D 3cm 20g 227

m

V D



33 cm 162

cmg

1135 m = D V = 184

3cmg

= 1135

g

V






19300 g

7720 cm3 or 772 L

425 lbs

3cmg


15 cm

18 cm

m

V D

m

V = p r2 h

Vm

D

= p (18 cm)2(15 cm)

= 15268

3cm 15268

g 1195 = 779

cm3


82 cm

51 cm

47 cm

m

V D

Vm

D


m

V = l w h

= 820 cm (510 cm)(470 cm)

3cmg

= 19655

3cm 19655

g 153 = 0778

cm3

lt 1 No it floats






D1

D2

D3

D4

D5

D1

D2

D3

D4

D5


liq

liqliq V

m D sohellip


mliq =


Vliq

mliq Dliq=

VliqDliq




a chemical reaction






reactants

methane + oxygen

+ H2O(g)

carbondioxide


water+

22

Reactants Products

NaOH(aq)

water


sodium

2 2


+ +

+ +

Reactants Products




Pmass = Rmass

=










Dominion Science


Slide 7

What is Chemistry

Slide 9

The Beginning

Alchemy

Slide 12

Slide 13

Slide 14

Slide 15

Areas of Chemistry


Slide 18



Slide 21





Toxicity


Chemical Exposure


Science


Corning Glass

Aluminum Mining

Slide 34

Slide 35




Slide 39

Types of Data






Slide 46



Slide 49


Graphs

Bar Graph

Pie Graph

Line Graph


Graphing HW



Scientific Notation

Slide 60


Slide 62

Slide 63


Slide 65

Slide 66

Slide 67

Slide 68

Slide 69

Percent Error

Percent Error (2)

Significant Figures

Practice Measuring




How many Sig Figs



Slide 80

Slide 81

Slide 82

Numerical Example

Slide 84


Slide 86

Slide 87


The Metric System







Slide 96

Slide 97

Slide 98

Slide 99

Slide 100


Slide 102

Slide 103

Slide 104

Slide 105

Slide 106


Slide 108

Slide 109

Slide 110

Slide 111


Slide 113

Slide 114

Slide 115



Chemical Exposure




reaction to drugs


asbestos




>
>
>

Science






strong

lightweight

good conductor

Corning Glass




>

Aluminum Mining





4-6 pounds bauxite

current 1 lb Al

+

=

>



correlationhellip





How doesscientific

knowledgeadvance




Robert Boyle




(1661)




uses the fivesenses



colorless liquid --

-- eg eg

descriptions


(vs clear liquid)







hypothesis


experiment








Dependent variable







Develophypothesis

Develophypothesis


experiment


experiment


conclusions


conclusions

Hypothesis IS

supported

Hypothesis IS

supported

Hypothesis is NOT

supported

Hypothesis is NOT

supported

Developtheory

Developtheory



Revisehypothesis

Revisehypothesis


Scientific Method





gravity



G m mF

r


Theory of Gravity

Atomic Theory



theory

-- eg





Graphs



0

2

4

6

8

10

A B C D F

Chemistry Grades

o

f st

ud

ents


Entertainment (40)

Food (25)

Clothing (20)

Savings (15)



0

10

20

30

40

50

60

Jan Feb Mar Apr

Month

Sh

are

Pri

ce (

$)






0123456789

10

120 140 160 180 200 220 240

Temp (K)

Vo

lum

e (

L)


1 title

3 neat

Graphing HW

TimeTotal Dist

cycled (km)8 am 0

9 am 12

10 am 23

11 am 33

noon 42

1 pm 50

2 pm 57

3 pm 63


0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80


Time (h)

Dis

tan

ce C

ycle

d (

km)








800 = 8 x 10 x 10

= 8 x 102

2531 = 2531 x 10 x 10 x 10

= 2531 x 103

00014 = 14 10 10 10

= 14 x 10ndash3



187 x 10ndash5 = 00000187

37 x 108 = 370000000

788 x 101 = 788

2164 x 10ndash2 = 002164


12340 = 1234 x 104

0369 = 369 x 10ndash1

0008 = 8 x 10ndash3

1000000000 = 1 x 109

602 x 1023 = 602000000000000000000000




6 EE 0 32 2

6 y x 0 32 2

x 16 0 2 EE 320

y x 32x 16 0 2 0

nothellip

orhellip

and nothellip


6 EE 0 32 2

WRONG

WRONG

TOO MUCH WORK


(before the number

after the number

or either one)



12 x 105 28 x 1019


=

1 2 EE 5

92 8 EE 1





ndash65 x 10ndash19

535 x 103 or 5350

29 x 1023


435 x 106 (123 x 10ndash3) =

576 x 10ndash16 986 x 10ndash4 =

88 x 1011 x 33 x 1011 =

584 x 10ndash13



8 m






eg vs 800 m vs 800000 m

0653 m


eg precisehellip

imprecisehellip

0652 m

0654 m

07 m

08 m

06 m




human error

method error

instrument error






measuring device is



Percent Error


001

accepted

alexperimenterror

accepted

your value




100gmL 136

gmL 136gmL 140error

error = 29


Significant Figures



235 cm


Practice Measuring

45 cm

454 cm

30 cm


cm0 1 2 3 4 5

cm0 1 2 3 4 5

cm0 1 2 3 4 5






A (255 mL) B (1637 mL) C (51 mL)

26

25 164

163

60

50








How many Sig Figs


25 g

0030 kg

1240560 x 106 mg

6 x 104 sec

24631 g

2006 cm

1050 m

012 kg

1240560 cm

6000000 kg

600 x 106 kg

409 cm

29200 dm

002500 g

2

2

7

1

5

4

4

2

7

1

3

3

5

4





SF found5282 x 342 = 1806444

rarr rounded to 487



255 mL + 1637 mL + 51 mL = 9287 mL

93 mL




756

0528396

387600

4200

84845E-4

76 756 75600

38760 x 105388000390000

0528400528053

85 x 10ndash4

42000 x 103 420 x 1034200

848 x 10ndash4 84845 x 10ndash4




064 kgms2

52 kg (29 m)

(18 s)(13 s)=

48 g (23 s)

(18 s)(37 s)= 017 g

s



x = z ndash y





x ndash 24 = 13 +24 +24

x = 37




Numerical Example

Solve for x F = k x

F = k xk k

x = Fk __


( )__1k

F = k x( )__1k

(or)



Numerical Example

Solve for x 8 = 7 x

8 = 7 x7 7


( )__17

8 = 7 x( )__17

(or)



87 __

Solve for x ___ x

BA = TRH

___

BAH = xTR




x =

1TR( )___1

TR( )___


P1 = 108 atm

P2 = 086 atm

V1 = 322 L

V2 = 143 L

T1 = 373 K

P1V1T2 =P2V2T1

____ T1

P1V1 = P2V2

T2

____

1P1V1

( )____ 1P1V1

( )____

T2 = P1V1

______P2V2T1

130T2 = (108 atm)(322 L)_____________________(086 atm)(143 L)(373 K)

= K



The Metric System

from

Indu

stry

Wee

k 1

981

Nov

embe

r 30


kilo hecto deca

Base Units

metergramliter

deci centi milli





mega- M 1000000 106

kilo- k 1000 103

deci- d 01 10-1

centi- c 001 10-2

milli- m 0001 10-3

micro- m 0000001 10-6

nano- n 0000000001 10-9




Also

1 mL = 1 cm3 and 1 L = 1 dm3





conversion factors

equality

or

132 m = 132 cm

1 m = 100 cm

______1 m100 cm




______1 m

100 cm

1 m100 cm

(or 001 m = 1 cm)


conversion factors

equality

or

872 cm = 00872 m

1 m = 100 cm

______1 m100 cm


______1 m

100 cm

1 m100 cm


15000 dm

= 15 km1000 m

1 km10 dm

1 m


= 378432 s1 h

60 min24 h1 d 1 min

60 s____( ) ( )____( )_____438 d



412 cm2


= 4120 mm2

1 cm2

102 mm2

( )2 ( )2

Simple Mathwith

Conversion Factors


A = L W

= (46 cm)(91 cm)

91 cm= 42 cm2 cm

46 cm

Convert to m2 42 cm2 ( )______100 cm

1 m 2 = 00042 m2


cmcm


Find volume

Length = 142 cm

Width = 86 cm

Height = 215 cm

V = L W H

= (142 cm)(86 cm)(215 cm)

= 2600 cm3


Density =

Typical units


Vm D

volumemass m

V D

liquids and gases



1 a formula

water displacement

V = l ∙ w ∙ hV = p ∙ r2 ∙ h

V =

VfinalVinitial


2




Vm

D 3cm 20g 227

m

V D



33 cm 162

cmg

1135 m = D V = 184

3cmg

= 1135

g

V






19300 g

7720 cm3 or 772 L

425 lbs

3cmg


15 cm

18 cm

m

V D

m

V = p r2 h

Vm

D

= p (18 cm)2(15 cm)

= 15268

3cm 15268

g 1195 = 779

cm3


82 cm

51 cm

47 cm

m

V D

Vm

D


m

V = l w h

= 820 cm (510 cm)(470 cm)

3cmg

= 19655

3cm 19655

g 153 = 0778

cm3

lt 1 No it floats






D1

D2

D3

D4

D5

D1

D2

D3

D4

D5


liq

liqliq V

m D sohellip


mliq =


Vliq

mliq Dliq=

VliqDliq




a chemical reaction






reactants

methane + oxygen

+ H2O(g)

carbondioxide


water+

22

Reactants Products

NaOH(aq)

water


sodium

2 2


+ +

+ +

Reactants Products




Pmass = Rmass

=










Dominion Science


Slide 7

What is Chemistry

Slide 9

The Beginning

Alchemy

Slide 12

Slide 13

Slide 14

Slide 15

Areas of Chemistry


Slide 18



Slide 21





Toxicity


Chemical Exposure


Science


Corning Glass

Aluminum Mining

Slide 34

Slide 35




Slide 39

Types of Data






Slide 46



Slide 49


Graphs

Bar Graph

Pie Graph

Line Graph


Graphing HW



Scientific Notation

Slide 60


Slide 62

Slide 63


Slide 65

Slide 66

Slide 67

Slide 68

Slide 69

Percent Error

Percent Error (2)

Significant Figures

Practice Measuring




How many Sig Figs



Slide 80

Slide 81

Slide 82

Numerical Example

Slide 84


Slide 86

Slide 87


The Metric System







Slide 96

Slide 97

Slide 98

Slide 99

Slide 100


Slide 102

Slide 103

Slide 104

Slide 105

Slide 106


Slide 108

Slide 109

Slide 110

Slide 111


Slide 113

Slide 114

Slide 115






>
>
>

Science






strong

lightweight

good conductor

Corning Glass




>

Aluminum Mining





4-6 pounds bauxite

current 1 lb Al

+

=

>



correlationhellip





How doesscientific

knowledgeadvance




Robert Boyle




(1661)




uses the fivesenses



colorless liquid --

-- eg eg

descriptions


(vs clear liquid)







hypothesis


experiment








Dependent variable







Develophypothesis

Develophypothesis


experiment


experiment


conclusions


conclusions

Hypothesis IS

supported

Hypothesis IS

supported

Hypothesis is NOT

supported

Hypothesis is NOT

supported

Developtheory

Developtheory



Revisehypothesis

Revisehypothesis


Scientific Method





gravity



G m mF

r


Theory of Gravity

Atomic Theory



theory

-- eg





Graphs



0

2

4

6

8

10

A B C D F

Chemistry Grades

o

f st

ud

ents


Entertainment (40)

Food (25)

Clothing (20)

Savings (15)



0

10

20

30

40

50

60

Jan Feb Mar Apr

Month

Sh

are

Pri

ce (

$)






0123456789

10

120 140 160 180 200 220 240

Temp (K)

Vo

lum

e (

L)


1 title

3 neat

Graphing HW

TimeTotal Dist

cycled (km)8 am 0

9 am 12

10 am 23

11 am 33

noon 42

1 pm 50

2 pm 57

3 pm 63


0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80


Time (h)

Dis

tan

ce C

ycle

d (

km)








800 = 8 x 10 x 10

= 8 x 102

2531 = 2531 x 10 x 10 x 10

= 2531 x 103

00014 = 14 10 10 10

= 14 x 10ndash3



187 x 10ndash5 = 00000187

37 x 108 = 370000000

788 x 101 = 788

2164 x 10ndash2 = 002164


12340 = 1234 x 104

0369 = 369 x 10ndash1

0008 = 8 x 10ndash3

1000000000 = 1 x 109

602 x 1023 = 602000000000000000000000




6 EE 0 32 2

6 y x 0 32 2

x 16 0 2 EE 320

y x 32x 16 0 2 0

nothellip

orhellip

and nothellip


6 EE 0 32 2

WRONG

WRONG

TOO MUCH WORK


(before the number

after the number

or either one)



12 x 105 28 x 1019


=

1 2 EE 5

92 8 EE 1





ndash65 x 10ndash19

535 x 103 or 5350

29 x 1023


435 x 106 (123 x 10ndash3) =

576 x 10ndash16 986 x 10ndash4 =

88 x 1011 x 33 x 1011 =

584 x 10ndash13



8 m






eg vs 800 m vs 800000 m

0653 m


eg precisehellip

imprecisehellip

0652 m

0654 m

07 m

08 m

06 m




human error

method error

instrument error






measuring device is



Percent Error


001

accepted

alexperimenterror

accepted

your value




100gmL 136

gmL 136gmL 140error

error = 29


Significant Figures



235 cm


Practice Measuring

45 cm

454 cm

30 cm


cm0 1 2 3 4 5

cm0 1 2 3 4 5

cm0 1 2 3 4 5






A (255 mL) B (1637 mL) C (51 mL)

26

25 164

163

60

50








How many Sig Figs


25 g

0030 kg

1240560 x 106 mg

6 x 104 sec

24631 g

2006 cm

1050 m

012 kg

1240560 cm

6000000 kg

600 x 106 kg

409 cm

29200 dm

002500 g

2

2

7

1

5

4

4

2

7

1

3

3

5

4





SF found5282 x 342 = 1806444

rarr rounded to 487



255 mL + 1637 mL + 51 mL = 9287 mL

93 mL




756

0528396

387600

4200

84845E-4

76 756 75600

38760 x 105388000390000

0528400528053

85 x 10ndash4

42000 x 103 420 x 1034200

848 x 10ndash4 84845 x 10ndash4




064 kgms2

52 kg (29 m)

(18 s)(13 s)=

48 g (23 s)

(18 s)(37 s)= 017 g

s



x = z ndash y





x ndash 24 = 13 +24 +24

x = 37




Numerical Example

Solve for x F = k x

F = k xk k

x = Fk __


( )__1k

F = k x( )__1k

(or)



Numerical Example

Solve for x 8 = 7 x

8 = 7 x7 7


( )__17

8 = 7 x( )__17

(or)



87 __

Solve for x ___ x

BA = TRH

___

BAH = xTR




x =

1TR( )___1

TR( )___


P1 = 108 atm

P2 = 086 atm

V1 = 322 L

V2 = 143 L

T1 = 373 K

P1V1T2 =P2V2T1

____ T1

P1V1 = P2V2

T2

____

1P1V1

( )____ 1P1V1

( )____

T2 = P1V1

______P2V2T1

130T2 = (108 atm)(322 L)_____________________(086 atm)(143 L)(373 K)

= K



The Metric System

from

Indu

stry

Wee

k 1

981

Nov

embe

r 30


kilo hecto deca

Base Units

metergramliter

deci centi milli





mega- M 1000000 106

kilo- k 1000 103

deci- d 01 10-1

centi- c 001 10-2

milli- m 0001 10-3

micro- m 0000001 10-6

nano- n 0000000001 10-9




Also

1 mL = 1 cm3 and 1 L = 1 dm3





conversion factors

equality

or

132 m = 132 cm

1 m = 100 cm

______1 m100 cm




______1 m

100 cm

1 m100 cm

(or 001 m = 1 cm)


conversion factors

equality

or

872 cm = 00872 m

1 m = 100 cm

______1 m100 cm


______1 m

100 cm

1 m100 cm


15000 dm

= 15 km1000 m

1 km10 dm

1 m


= 378432 s1 h

60 min24 h1 d 1 min

60 s____( ) ( )____( )_____438 d



412 cm2


= 4120 mm2

1 cm2

102 mm2

( )2 ( )2

Simple Mathwith

Conversion Factors


A = L W

= (46 cm)(91 cm)

91 cm= 42 cm2 cm

46 cm

Convert to m2 42 cm2 ( )______100 cm

1 m 2 = 00042 m2


cmcm


Find volume

Length = 142 cm

Width = 86 cm

Height = 215 cm

V = L W H

= (142 cm)(86 cm)(215 cm)

= 2600 cm3


Density =

Typical units


Vm D

volumemass m

V D

liquids and gases



1 a formula

water displacement

V = l ∙ w ∙ hV = p ∙ r2 ∙ h

V =

VfinalVinitial


2




Vm

D 3cm 20g 227

m

V D



33 cm 162

cmg

1135 m = D V = 184

3cmg

= 1135

g

V






19300 g

7720 cm3 or 772 L

425 lbs

3cmg


15 cm

18 cm

m

V D

m

V = p r2 h

Vm

D

= p (18 cm)2(15 cm)

= 15268

3cm 15268

g 1195 = 779

cm3


82 cm

51 cm

47 cm

m

V D

Vm

D


m

V = l w h

= 820 cm (510 cm)(470 cm)

3cmg

= 19655

3cm 19655

g 153 = 0778

cm3

lt 1 No it floats






D1

D2

D3

D4

D5

D1

D2

D3

D4

D5


liq

liqliq V

m D sohellip


mliq =


Vliq

mliq Dliq=

VliqDliq




a chemical reaction






reactants

methane + oxygen

+ H2O(g)

carbondioxide


water+

22

Reactants Products

NaOH(aq)

water


sodium

2 2


+ +

+ +

Reactants Products




Pmass = Rmass

=










Dominion Science


Slide 7

What is Chemistry

Slide 9

The Beginning

Alchemy

Slide 12

Slide 13

Slide 14

Slide 15

Areas of Chemistry


Slide 18



Slide 21





Toxicity


Chemical Exposure


Science


Corning Glass

Aluminum Mining

Slide 34

Slide 35




Slide 39

Types of Data






Slide 46



Slide 49


Graphs

Bar Graph

Pie Graph

Line Graph


Graphing HW



Scientific Notation

Slide 60


Slide 62

Slide 63


Slide 65

Slide 66

Slide 67

Slide 68

Slide 69

Percent Error

Percent Error (2)

Significant Figures

Practice Measuring




How many Sig Figs



Slide 80

Slide 81

Slide 82

Numerical Example

Slide 84


Slide 86

Slide 87


The Metric System







Slide 96

Slide 97

Slide 98

Slide 99

Slide 100


Slide 102

Slide 103

Slide 104

Slide 105

Slide 106


Slide 108

Slide 109

Slide 110

Slide 111


Slide 113

Slide 114

Slide 115



Science






strong

lightweight

good conductor

Corning Glass




>

Aluminum Mining





4-6 pounds bauxite

current 1 lb Al

+

=

>



correlationhellip





How doesscientific

knowledgeadvance




Robert Boyle




(1661)




uses the fivesenses



colorless liquid --

-- eg eg

descriptions


(vs clear liquid)







hypothesis


experiment








Dependent variable







Develophypothesis

Develophypothesis


experiment


experiment


conclusions


conclusions

Hypothesis IS

supported

Hypothesis IS

supported

Hypothesis is NOT

supported

Hypothesis is NOT

supported

Developtheory

Developtheory



Revisehypothesis

Revisehypothesis


Scientific Method





gravity



G m mF

r


Theory of Gravity

Atomic Theory



theory

-- eg





Graphs



0

2

4

6

8

10

A B C D F

Chemistry Grades

o

f st

ud

ents


Entertainment (40)

Food (25)

Clothing (20)

Savings (15)



0

10

20

30

40

50

60

Jan Feb Mar Apr

Month

Sh

are

Pri

ce (

$)






0123456789

10

120 140 160 180 200 220 240

Temp (K)

Vo

lum

e (

L)


1 title

3 neat

Graphing HW

TimeTotal Dist

cycled (km)8 am 0

9 am 12

10 am 23

11 am 33

noon 42

1 pm 50

2 pm 57

3 pm 63


0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80


Time (h)

Dis

tan

ce C

ycle

d (

km)








800 = 8 x 10 x 10

= 8 x 102

2531 = 2531 x 10 x 10 x 10

= 2531 x 103

00014 = 14 10 10 10

= 14 x 10ndash3



187 x 10ndash5 = 00000187

37 x 108 = 370000000

788 x 101 = 788

2164 x 10ndash2 = 002164


12340 = 1234 x 104

0369 = 369 x 10ndash1

0008 = 8 x 10ndash3

1000000000 = 1 x 109

602 x 1023 = 602000000000000000000000




6 EE 0 32 2

6 y x 0 32 2

x 16 0 2 EE 320

y x 32x 16 0 2 0

nothellip

orhellip

and nothellip


6 EE 0 32 2

WRONG

WRONG

TOO MUCH WORK


(before the number

after the number

or either one)



12 x 105 28 x 1019


=

1 2 EE 5

92 8 EE 1





ndash65 x 10ndash19

535 x 103 or 5350

29 x 1023


435 x 106 (123 x 10ndash3) =

576 x 10ndash16 986 x 10ndash4 =

88 x 1011 x 33 x 1011 =

584 x 10ndash13



8 m






eg vs 800 m vs 800000 m

0653 m


eg precisehellip

imprecisehellip

0652 m

0654 m

07 m

08 m

06 m




human error

method error

instrument error






measuring device is



Percent Error


001

accepted

alexperimenterror

accepted

your value




100gmL 136

gmL 136gmL 140error

error = 29


Significant Figures



235 cm


Practice Measuring

45 cm

454 cm

30 cm


cm0 1 2 3 4 5

cm0 1 2 3 4 5

cm0 1 2 3 4 5






A (255 mL) B (1637 mL) C (51 mL)

26

25 164

163

60

50








How many Sig Figs


25 g

0030 kg

1240560 x 106 mg

6 x 104 sec

24631 g

2006 cm

1050 m

012 kg

1240560 cm

6000000 kg

600 x 106 kg

409 cm

29200 dm

002500 g

2

2

7

1

5

4

4

2

7

1

3

3

5

4





SF found5282 x 342 = 1806444

rarr rounded to 487



255 mL + 1637 mL + 51 mL = 9287 mL

93 mL




756

0528396

387600

4200

84845E-4

76 756 75600

38760 x 105388000390000

0528400528053

85 x 10ndash4

42000 x 103 420 x 1034200

848 x 10ndash4 84845 x 10ndash4




064 kgms2

52 kg (29 m)

(18 s)(13 s)=

48 g (23 s)

(18 s)(37 s)= 017 g

s



x = z ndash y





x ndash 24 = 13 +24 +24

x = 37




Numerical Example

Solve for x F = k x

F = k xk k

x = Fk __


( )__1k

F = k x( )__1k

(or)



Numerical Example

Solve for x 8 = 7 x

8 = 7 x7 7


( )__17

8 = 7 x( )__17

(or)



87 __

Solve for x ___ x

BA = TRH

___

BAH = xTR




x =

1TR( )___1

TR( )___


P1 = 108 atm

P2 = 086 atm

V1 = 322 L

V2 = 143 L

T1 = 373 K

P1V1T2 =P2V2T1

____ T1

P1V1 = P2V2

T2

____

1P1V1

( )____ 1P1V1

( )____

T2 = P1V1

______P2V2T1

130T2 = (108 atm)(322 L)_____________________(086 atm)(143 L)(373 K)

= K



The Metric System

from

Indu

stry

Wee

k 1

981

Nov

embe

r 30


kilo hecto deca

Base Units

metergramliter

deci centi milli





mega- M 1000000 106

kilo- k 1000 103

deci- d 01 10-1

centi- c 001 10-2

milli- m 0001 10-3

micro- m 0000001 10-6

nano- n 0000000001 10-9




Also

1 mL = 1 cm3 and 1 L = 1 dm3





conversion factors

equality

or

132 m = 132 cm

1 m = 100 cm

______1 m100 cm




______1 m

100 cm

1 m100 cm

(or 001 m = 1 cm)


conversion factors

equality

or

872 cm = 00872 m

1 m = 100 cm

______1 m100 cm


______1 m

100 cm

1 m100 cm


15000 dm

= 15 km1000 m

1 km10 dm

1 m


= 378432 s1 h

60 min24 h1 d 1 min

60 s____( ) ( )____( )_____438 d



412 cm2


= 4120 mm2

1 cm2

102 mm2

( )2 ( )2

Simple Mathwith

Conversion Factors


A = L W

= (46 cm)(91 cm)

91 cm= 42 cm2 cm

46 cm

Convert to m2 42 cm2 ( )______100 cm

1 m 2 = 00042 m2


cmcm


Find volume

Length = 142 cm

Width = 86 cm

Height = 215 cm

V = L W H

= (142 cm)(86 cm)(215 cm)

= 2600 cm3


Density =

Typical units


Vm D

volumemass m

V D

liquids and gases



1 a formula

water displacement

V = l ∙ w ∙ hV = p ∙ r2 ∙ h

V =

VfinalVinitial


2




Vm

D 3cm 20g 227

m

V D



33 cm 162

cmg

1135 m = D V = 184

3cmg

= 1135

g

V






19300 g

7720 cm3 or 772 L

425 lbs

3cmg


15 cm

18 cm

m

V D

m

V = p r2 h

Vm

D

= p (18 cm)2(15 cm)

= 15268

3cm 15268

g 1195 = 779

cm3


82 cm

51 cm

47 cm

m

V D

Vm

D


m

V = l w h

= 820 cm (510 cm)(470 cm)

3cmg

= 19655

3cm 19655

g 153 = 0778

cm3

lt 1 No it floats






D1

D2

D3

D4

D5

D1

D2

D3

D4

D5


liq

liqliq V

m D sohellip


mliq =


Vliq

mliq Dliq=

VliqDliq




a chemical reaction






reactants

methane + oxygen

+ H2O(g)

carbondioxide


water+

22

Reactants Products

NaOH(aq)

water


sodium

2 2


+ +

+ +

Reactants Products




Pmass = Rmass

=










Dominion Science


Slide 7

What is Chemistry

Slide 9

The Beginning

Alchemy

Slide 12

Slide 13

Slide 14

Slide 15

Areas of Chemistry


Slide 18



Slide 21





Toxicity


Chemical Exposure


Science


Corning Glass

Aluminum Mining

Slide 34

Slide 35




Slide 39

Types of Data






Slide 46



Slide 49


Graphs

Bar Graph

Pie Graph

Line Graph


Graphing HW



Scientific Notation

Slide 60


Slide 62

Slide 63


Slide 65

Slide 66

Slide 67

Slide 68

Slide 69

Percent Error

Percent Error (2)

Significant Figures

Practice Measuring




How many Sig Figs



Slide 80

Slide 81

Slide 82

Numerical Example

Slide 84


Slide 86

Slide 87


The Metric System







Slide 96

Slide 97

Slide 98

Slide 99

Slide 100


Slide 102

Slide 103

Slide 104

Slide 105

Slide 106


Slide 108

Slide 109

Slide 110

Slide 111


Slide 113

Slide 114

Slide 115








strong

lightweight

good conductor

Corning Glass




>

Aluminum Mining





4-6 pounds bauxite

current 1 lb Al

+

=

>



correlationhellip





How doesscientific

knowledgeadvance




Robert Boyle




(1661)




uses the fivesenses



colorless liquid --

-- eg eg

descriptions


(vs clear liquid)







hypothesis


experiment








Dependent variable







Develophypothesis

Develophypothesis


experiment


experiment


conclusions


conclusions

Hypothesis IS

supported

Hypothesis IS

supported

Hypothesis is NOT

supported

Hypothesis is NOT

supported

Developtheory

Developtheory



Revisehypothesis

Revisehypothesis


Scientific Method





gravity



G m mF

r


Theory of Gravity

Atomic Theory



theory

-- eg





Graphs



0

2

4

6

8

10

A B C D F

Chemistry Grades

o

f st

ud

ents


Entertainment (40)

Food (25)

Clothing (20)

Savings (15)



0

10

20

30

40

50

60

Jan Feb Mar Apr

Month

Sh

are

Pri

ce (

$)






0123456789

10

120 140 160 180 200 220 240

Temp (K)

Vo

lum

e (

L)


1 title

3 neat

Graphing HW

TimeTotal Dist

cycled (km)8 am 0

9 am 12

10 am 23

11 am 33

noon 42

1 pm 50

2 pm 57

3 pm 63


0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80


Time (h)

Dis

tan

ce C

ycle

d (

km)








800 = 8 x 10 x 10

= 8 x 102

2531 = 2531 x 10 x 10 x 10

= 2531 x 103

00014 = 14 10 10 10

= 14 x 10ndash3



187 x 10ndash5 = 00000187

37 x 108 = 370000000

788 x 101 = 788

2164 x 10ndash2 = 002164


12340 = 1234 x 104

0369 = 369 x 10ndash1

0008 = 8 x 10ndash3

1000000000 = 1 x 109

602 x 1023 = 602000000000000000000000




6 EE 0 32 2

6 y x 0 32 2

x 16 0 2 EE 320

y x 32x 16 0 2 0

nothellip

orhellip

and nothellip


6 EE 0 32 2

WRONG

WRONG

TOO MUCH WORK


(before the number

after the number

or either one)



12 x 105 28 x 1019


=

1 2 EE 5

92 8 EE 1





ndash65 x 10ndash19

535 x 103 or 5350

29 x 1023


435 x 106 (123 x 10ndash3) =

576 x 10ndash16 986 x 10ndash4 =

88 x 1011 x 33 x 1011 =

584 x 10ndash13



8 m






eg vs 800 m vs 800000 m

0653 m


eg precisehellip

imprecisehellip

0652 m

0654 m

07 m

08 m

06 m




human error

method error

instrument error






measuring device is



Percent Error


001

accepted

alexperimenterror

accepted

your value




100gmL 136

gmL 136gmL 140error

error = 29


Significant Figures



235 cm


Practice Measuring

45 cm

454 cm

30 cm


cm0 1 2 3 4 5

cm0 1 2 3 4 5

cm0 1 2 3 4 5






A (255 mL) B (1637 mL) C (51 mL)

26

25 164

163

60

50








How many Sig Figs


25 g

0030 kg

1240560 x 106 mg

6 x 104 sec

24631 g

2006 cm

1050 m

012 kg

1240560 cm

6000000 kg

600 x 106 kg

409 cm

29200 dm

002500 g

2

2

7

1

5

4

4

2

7

1

3

3

5

4





SF found5282 x 342 = 1806444

rarr rounded to 487



255 mL + 1637 mL + 51 mL = 9287 mL

93 mL




756

0528396

387600

4200

84845E-4

76 756 75600

38760 x 105388000390000

0528400528053

85 x 10ndash4

42000 x 103 420 x 1034200

848 x 10ndash4 84845 x 10ndash4




064 kgms2

52 kg (29 m)

(18 s)(13 s)=

48 g (23 s)

(18 s)(37 s)= 017 g

s



x = z ndash y





x ndash 24 = 13 +24 +24

x = 37




Numerical Example

Solve for x F = k x

F = k xk k

x = Fk __


( )__1k

F = k x( )__1k

(or)



Numerical Example

Solve for x 8 = 7 x

8 = 7 x7 7


( )__17

8 = 7 x( )__17

(or)



87 __

Solve for x ___ x

BA = TRH

___

BAH = xTR




x =

1TR( )___1

TR( )___


P1 = 108 atm

P2 = 086 atm

V1 = 322 L

V2 = 143 L

T1 = 373 K

P1V1T2 =P2V2T1

____ T1

P1V1 = P2V2

T2

____

1P1V1

( )____ 1P1V1

( )____

T2 = P1V1

______P2V2T1

130T2 = (108 atm)(322 L)_____________________(086 atm)(143 L)(373 K)

= K



The Metric System

from

Indu

stry

Wee

k 1

981

Nov

embe

r 30


kilo hecto deca

Base Units

metergramliter

deci centi milli





mega- M 1000000 106

kilo- k 1000 103

deci- d 01 10-1

centi- c 001 10-2

milli- m 0001 10-3

micro- m 0000001 10-6

nano- n 0000000001 10-9




Also

1 mL = 1 cm3 and 1 L = 1 dm3





conversion factors

equality

or

132 m = 132 cm

1 m = 100 cm

______1 m100 cm




______1 m

100 cm

1 m100 cm

(or 001 m = 1 cm)


conversion factors

equality

or

872 cm = 00872 m

1 m = 100 cm

______1 m100 cm


______1 m

100 cm

1 m100 cm


15000 dm

= 15 km1000 m

1 km10 dm

1 m


= 378432 s1 h

60 min24 h1 d 1 min

60 s____( ) ( )____( )_____438 d



412 cm2


= 4120 mm2

1 cm2

102 mm2

( )2 ( )2

Simple Mathwith

Conversion Factors


A = L W

= (46 cm)(91 cm)

91 cm= 42 cm2 cm

46 cm

Convert to m2 42 cm2 ( )______100 cm

1 m 2 = 00042 m2


cmcm


Find volume

Length = 142 cm

Width = 86 cm

Height = 215 cm

V = L W H

= (142 cm)(86 cm)(215 cm)

= 2600 cm3


Density =

Typical units


Vm D

volumemass m

V D

liquids and gases



1 a formula

water displacement

V = l ∙ w ∙ hV = p ∙ r2 ∙ h

V =

VfinalVinitial


2




Vm

D 3cm 20g 227

m

V D



33 cm 162

cmg

1135 m = D V = 184

3cmg

= 1135

g

V






19300 g

7720 cm3 or 772 L

425 lbs

3cmg


15 cm

18 cm

m

V D

m

V = p r2 h

Vm

D

= p (18 cm)2(15 cm)

= 15268

3cm 15268

g 1195 = 779

cm3


82 cm

51 cm

47 cm

m

V D

Vm

D


m

V = l w h

= 820 cm (510 cm)(470 cm)

3cmg

= 19655

3cm 19655

g 153 = 0778

cm3

lt 1 No it floats






D1

D2

D3

D4

D5

D1

D2

D3

D4

D5


liq

liqliq V

m D sohellip


mliq =


Vliq

mliq Dliq=

VliqDliq




a chemical reaction






reactants

methane + oxygen

+ H2O(g)

carbondioxide


water+

22

Reactants Products

NaOH(aq)

water


sodium

2 2


+ +

+ +

Reactants Products




Pmass = Rmass

=










Dominion Science


Slide 7

What is Chemistry

Slide 9

The Beginning

Alchemy

Slide 12

Slide 13

Slide 14

Slide 15

Areas of Chemistry


Slide 18



Slide 21





Toxicity


Chemical Exposure


Science


Corning Glass

Aluminum Mining

Slide 34

Slide 35




Slide 39

Types of Data






Slide 46



Slide 49


Graphs

Bar Graph

Pie Graph

Line Graph


Graphing HW



Scientific Notation

Slide 60


Slide 62

Slide 63


Slide 65

Slide 66

Slide 67

Slide 68

Slide 69

Percent Error

Percent Error (2)

Significant Figures

Practice Measuring




How many Sig Figs



Slide 80

Slide 81

Slide 82

Numerical Example

Slide 84


Slide 86

Slide 87


The Metric System







Slide 96

Slide 97

Slide 98

Slide 99

Slide 100


Slide 102

Slide 103

Slide 104

Slide 105

Slide 106


Slide 108

Slide 109

Slide 110

Slide 111


Slide 113

Slide 114

Slide 115



Corning Glass




>

Aluminum Mining





4-6 pounds bauxite

current 1 lb Al

+

=

>



correlationhellip





How doesscientific

knowledgeadvance




Robert Boyle




(1661)




uses the fivesenses



colorless liquid --

-- eg eg

descriptions


(vs clear liquid)







hypothesis


experiment








Dependent variable







Develophypothesis

Develophypothesis


experiment


experiment


conclusions


conclusions

Hypothesis IS

supported

Hypothesis IS

supported

Hypothesis is NOT

supported

Hypothesis is NOT

supported

Developtheory

Developtheory



Revisehypothesis

Revisehypothesis


Scientific Method





gravity



G m mF

r


Theory of Gravity

Atomic Theory



theory

-- eg





Graphs



0

2

4

6

8

10

A B C D F

Chemistry Grades

o

f st

ud

ents


Entertainment (40)

Food (25)

Clothing (20)

Savings (15)



0

10

20

30

40

50

60

Jan Feb Mar Apr

Month

Sh

are

Pri

ce (

$)






0123456789

10

120 140 160 180 200 220 240

Temp (K)

Vo

lum

e (

L)


1 title

3 neat

Graphing HW

TimeTotal Dist

cycled (km)8 am 0

9 am 12

10 am 23

11 am 33

noon 42

1 pm 50

2 pm 57

3 pm 63


0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80


Time (h)

Dis

tan

ce C

ycle

d (

km)








800 = 8 x 10 x 10

= 8 x 102

2531 = 2531 x 10 x 10 x 10

= 2531 x 103

00014 = 14 10 10 10

= 14 x 10ndash3



187 x 10ndash5 = 00000187

37 x 108 = 370000000

788 x 101 = 788

2164 x 10ndash2 = 002164


12340 = 1234 x 104

0369 = 369 x 10ndash1

0008 = 8 x 10ndash3

1000000000 = 1 x 109

602 x 1023 = 602000000000000000000000




6 EE 0 32 2

6 y x 0 32 2

x 16 0 2 EE 320

y x 32x 16 0 2 0

nothellip

orhellip

and nothellip


6 EE 0 32 2

WRONG

WRONG

TOO MUCH WORK


(before the number

after the number

or either one)



12 x 105 28 x 1019


=

1 2 EE 5

92 8 EE 1





ndash65 x 10ndash19

535 x 103 or 5350

29 x 1023


435 x 106 (123 x 10ndash3) =

576 x 10ndash16 986 x 10ndash4 =

88 x 1011 x 33 x 1011 =

584 x 10ndash13



8 m






eg vs 800 m vs 800000 m

0653 m


eg precisehellip

imprecisehellip

0652 m

0654 m

07 m

08 m

06 m




human error

method error

instrument error






measuring device is



Percent Error


001

accepted

alexperimenterror

accepted

your value




100gmL 136

gmL 136gmL 140error

error = 29


Significant Figures



235 cm


Practice Measuring

45 cm

454 cm

30 cm


cm0 1 2 3 4 5

cm0 1 2 3 4 5

cm0 1 2 3 4 5






A (255 mL) B (1637 mL) C (51 mL)

26

25 164

163

60

50








How many Sig Figs


25 g

0030 kg

1240560 x 106 mg

6 x 104 sec

24631 g

2006 cm

1050 m

012 kg

1240560 cm

6000000 kg

600 x 106 kg

409 cm

29200 dm

002500 g

2

2

7

1

5

4

4

2

7

1

3

3

5

4





SF found5282 x 342 = 1806444

rarr rounded to 487



255 mL + 1637 mL + 51 mL = 9287 mL

93 mL




756

0528396

387600

4200

84845E-4

76 756 75600

38760 x 105388000390000

0528400528053

85 x 10ndash4

42000 x 103 420 x 1034200

848 x 10ndash4 84845 x 10ndash4




064 kgms2

52 kg (29 m)

(18 s)(13 s)=

48 g (23 s)

(18 s)(37 s)= 017 g

s



x = z ndash y





x ndash 24 = 13 +24 +24

x = 37




Numerical Example

Solve for x F = k x

F = k xk k

x = Fk __


( )__1k

F = k x( )__1k

(or)



Numerical Example

Solve for x 8 = 7 x

8 = 7 x7 7


( )__17

8 = 7 x( )__17

(or)



87 __

Solve for x ___ x

BA = TRH

___

BAH = xTR




x =

1TR( )___1

TR( )___


P1 = 108 atm

P2 = 086 atm

V1 = 322 L

V2 = 143 L

T1 = 373 K

P1V1T2 =P2V2T1

____ T1

P1V1 = P2V2

T2

____

1P1V1

( )____ 1P1V1

( )____

T2 = P1V1

______P2V2T1

130T2 = (108 atm)(322 L)_____________________(086 atm)(143 L)(373 K)

= K



The Metric System

from

Indu

stry

Wee

k 1

981

Nov

embe

r 30


kilo hecto deca

Base Units

metergramliter

deci centi milli





mega- M 1000000 106

kilo- k 1000 103

deci- d 01 10-1

centi- c 001 10-2

milli- m 0001 10-3

micro- m 0000001 10-6

nano- n 0000000001 10-9




Also

1 mL = 1 cm3 and 1 L = 1 dm3





conversion factors

equality

or

132 m = 132 cm

1 m = 100 cm

______1 m100 cm




______1 m

100 cm

1 m100 cm

(or 001 m = 1 cm)


conversion factors

equality

or

872 cm = 00872 m

1 m = 100 cm

______1 m100 cm


______1 m

100 cm

1 m100 cm


15000 dm

= 15 km1000 m

1 km10 dm

1 m


= 378432 s1 h

60 min24 h1 d 1 min

60 s____( ) ( )____( )_____438 d



412 cm2


= 4120 mm2

1 cm2

102 mm2

( )2 ( )2

Simple Mathwith

Conversion Factors


A = L W

= (46 cm)(91 cm)

91 cm= 42 cm2 cm

46 cm

Convert to m2 42 cm2 ( )______100 cm

1 m 2 = 00042 m2


cmcm


Find volume

Length = 142 cm

Width = 86 cm

Height = 215 cm

V = L W H

= (142 cm)(86 cm)(215 cm)

= 2600 cm3


Density =

Typical units


Vm D

volumemass m

V D

liquids and gases



1 a formula

water displacement

V = l ∙ w ∙ hV = p ∙ r2 ∙ h

V =

VfinalVinitial


2




Vm

D 3cm 20g 227

m

V D



33 cm 162

cmg

1135 m = D V = 184

3cmg

= 1135

g

V






19300 g

7720 cm3 or 772 L

425 lbs

3cmg


15 cm

18 cm

m

V D

m

V = p r2 h

Vm

D

= p (18 cm)2(15 cm)

= 15268

3cm 15268

g 1195 = 779

cm3


82 cm

51 cm

47 cm

m

V D

Vm

D


m

V = l w h

= 820 cm (510 cm)(470 cm)

3cmg

= 19655

3cm 19655

g 153 = 0778

cm3

lt 1 No it floats






D1

D2

D3

D4

D5

D1

D2

D3

D4

D5


liq

liqliq V

m D sohellip


mliq =


Vliq

mliq Dliq=

VliqDliq




a chemical reaction






reactants

methane + oxygen

+ H2O(g)

carbondioxide


water+

22

Reactants Products

NaOH(aq)

water


sodium

2 2


+ +

+ +

Reactants Products




Pmass = Rmass

=










Dominion Science


Slide 7

What is Chemistry

Slide 9

The Beginning

Alchemy

Slide 12

Slide 13

Slide 14

Slide 15

Areas of Chemistry


Slide 18



Slide 21





Toxicity


Chemical Exposure


Science


Corning Glass

Aluminum Mining

Slide 34

Slide 35




Slide 39

Types of Data






Slide 46



Slide 49


Graphs

Bar Graph

Pie Graph

Line Graph


Graphing HW



Scientific Notation

Slide 60


Slide 62

Slide 63


Slide 65

Slide 66

Slide 67

Slide 68

Slide 69

Percent Error

Percent Error (2)

Significant Figures

Practice Measuring




How many Sig Figs



Slide 80

Slide 81

Slide 82

Numerical Example

Slide 84


Slide 86

Slide 87


The Metric System







Slide 96

Slide 97

Slide 98

Slide 99

Slide 100


Slide 102

Slide 103

Slide 104

Slide 105

Slide 106


Slide 108

Slide 109

Slide 110

Slide 111


Slide 113

Slide 114

Slide 115



Aluminum Mining





4-6 pounds bauxite

current 1 lb Al

+

=

>



correlationhellip





How doesscientific

knowledgeadvance




Robert Boyle




(1661)




uses the fivesenses



colorless liquid --

-- eg eg

descriptions


(vs clear liquid)







hypothesis


experiment








Dependent variable







Develophypothesis

Develophypothesis


experiment


experiment


conclusions


conclusions

Hypothesis IS

supported

Hypothesis IS

supported

Hypothesis is NOT

supported

Hypothesis is NOT

supported

Developtheory

Developtheory



Revisehypothesis

Revisehypothesis


Scientific Method





gravity



G m mF

r


Theory of Gravity

Atomic Theory



theory

-- eg





Graphs



0

2

4

6

8

10

A B C D F

Chemistry Grades

o

f st

ud

ents


Entertainment (40)

Food (25)

Clothing (20)

Savings (15)



0

10

20

30

40

50

60

Jan Feb Mar Apr

Month

Sh

are

Pri

ce (

$)






0123456789

10

120 140 160 180 200 220 240

Temp (K)

Vo

lum

e (

L)


1 title

3 neat

Graphing HW

TimeTotal Dist

cycled (km)8 am 0

9 am 12

10 am 23

11 am 33

noon 42

1 pm 50

2 pm 57

3 pm 63


0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80


Time (h)

Dis

tan

ce C

ycle

d (

km)








800 = 8 x 10 x 10

= 8 x 102

2531 = 2531 x 10 x 10 x 10

= 2531 x 103

00014 = 14 10 10 10

= 14 x 10ndash3



187 x 10ndash5 = 00000187

37 x 108 = 370000000

788 x 101 = 788

2164 x 10ndash2 = 002164


12340 = 1234 x 104

0369 = 369 x 10ndash1

0008 = 8 x 10ndash3

1000000000 = 1 x 109

602 x 1023 = 602000000000000000000000




6 EE 0 32 2

6 y x 0 32 2

x 16 0 2 EE 320

y x 32x 16 0 2 0

nothellip

orhellip

and nothellip


6 EE 0 32 2

WRONG

WRONG

TOO MUCH WORK


(before the number

after the number

or either one)



12 x 105 28 x 1019


=

1 2 EE 5

92 8 EE 1





ndash65 x 10ndash19

535 x 103 or 5350

29 x 1023


435 x 106 (123 x 10ndash3) =

576 x 10ndash16 986 x 10ndash4 =

88 x 1011 x 33 x 1011 =

584 x 10ndash13



8 m






eg vs 800 m vs 800000 m

0653 m


eg precisehellip

imprecisehellip

0652 m

0654 m

07 m

08 m

06 m




human error

method error

instrument error






measuring device is



Percent Error


001

accepted

alexperimenterror

accepted

your value




100gmL 136

gmL 136gmL 140error

error = 29


Significant Figures



235 cm


Practice Measuring

45 cm

454 cm

30 cm


cm0 1 2 3 4 5

cm0 1 2 3 4 5

cm0 1 2 3 4 5






A (255 mL) B (1637 mL) C (51 mL)

26

25 164

163

60

50








How many Sig Figs


25 g

0030 kg

1240560 x 106 mg

6 x 104 sec

24631 g

2006 cm

1050 m

012 kg

1240560 cm

6000000 kg

600 x 106 kg

409 cm

29200 dm

002500 g

2

2

7

1

5

4

4

2

7

1

3

3

5

4





SF found5282 x 342 = 1806444

rarr rounded to 487



255 mL + 1637 mL + 51 mL = 9287 mL

93 mL




756

0528396

387600

4200

84845E-4

76 756 75600

38760 x 105388000390000

0528400528053

85 x 10ndash4

42000 x 103 420 x 1034200

848 x 10ndash4 84845 x 10ndash4




064 kgms2

52 kg (29 m)

(18 s)(13 s)=

48 g (23 s)

(18 s)(37 s)= 017 g

s



x = z ndash y





x ndash 24 = 13 +24 +24

x = 37




Numerical Example

Solve for x F = k x

F = k xk k

x = Fk __


( )__1k

F = k x( )__1k

(or)



Numerical Example

Solve for x 8 = 7 x

8 = 7 x7 7


( )__17

8 = 7 x( )__17

(or)



87 __

Solve for x ___ x

BA = TRH

___

BAH = xTR




x =

1TR( )___1

TR( )___


P1 = 108 atm

P2 = 086 atm

V1 = 322 L

V2 = 143 L

T1 = 373 K

P1V1T2 =P2V2T1

____ T1

P1V1 = P2V2

T2

____

1P1V1

( )____ 1P1V1

( )____

T2 = P1V1

______P2V2T1

130T2 = (108 atm)(322 L)_____________________(086 atm)(143 L)(373 K)

= K



The Metric System

from

Indu

stry

Wee

k 1

981

Nov

embe

r 30


kilo hecto deca

Base Units

metergramliter

deci centi milli





mega- M 1000000 106

kilo- k 1000 103

deci- d 01 10-1

centi- c 001 10-2

milli- m 0001 10-3

micro- m 0000001 10-6

nano- n 0000000001 10-9




Also

1 mL = 1 cm3 and 1 L = 1 dm3





conversion factors

equality

or

132 m = 132 cm

1 m = 100 cm

______1 m100 cm




______1 m

100 cm

1 m100 cm

(or 001 m = 1 cm)


conversion factors

equality

or

872 cm = 00872 m

1 m = 100 cm

______1 m100 cm


______1 m

100 cm

1 m100 cm


15000 dm

= 15 km1000 m

1 km10 dm

1 m


= 378432 s1 h

60 min24 h1 d 1 min

60 s____( ) ( )____( )_____438 d



412 cm2


= 4120 mm2

1 cm2

102 mm2

( )2 ( )2

Simple Mathwith

Conversion Factors


A = L W

= (46 cm)(91 cm)

91 cm= 42 cm2 cm

46 cm

Convert to m2 42 cm2 ( )______100 cm

1 m 2 = 00042 m2


cmcm


Find volume

Length = 142 cm

Width = 86 cm

Height = 215 cm

V = L W H

= (142 cm)(86 cm)(215 cm)

= 2600 cm3


Density =

Typical units


Vm D

volumemass m

V D

liquids and gases



1 a formula

water displacement

V = l ∙ w ∙ hV = p ∙ r2 ∙ h

V =

VfinalVinitial


2




Vm

D 3cm 20g 227

m

V D



33 cm 162

cmg

1135 m = D V = 184

3cmg

= 1135

g

V






19300 g

7720 cm3 or 772 L

425 lbs

3cmg


15 cm

18 cm

m

V D

m

V = p r2 h

Vm

D

= p (18 cm)2(15 cm)

= 15268

3cm 15268

g 1195 = 779

cm3


82 cm

51 cm

47 cm

m

V D

Vm

D


m

V = l w h

= 820 cm (510 cm)(470 cm)

3cmg

= 19655

3cm 19655

g 153 = 0778

cm3

lt 1 No it floats






D1

D2

D3

D4

D5

D1

D2

D3

D4

D5


liq

liqliq V

m D sohellip


mliq =


Vliq

mliq Dliq=

VliqDliq




a chemical reaction






reactants

methane + oxygen

+ H2O(g)

carbondioxide


water+

22

Reactants Products

NaOH(aq)

water


sodium

2 2


+ +

+ +

Reactants Products




Pmass = Rmass

=










Dominion Science


Slide 7

What is Chemistry

Slide 9

The Beginning

Alchemy

Slide 12

Slide 13

Slide 14

Slide 15

Areas of Chemistry


Slide 18



Slide 21





Toxicity


Chemical Exposure


Science


Corning Glass

Aluminum Mining

Slide 34

Slide 35




Slide 39

Types of Data






Slide 46



Slide 49


Graphs

Bar Graph

Pie Graph

Line Graph


Graphing HW



Scientific Notation

Slide 60


Slide 62

Slide 63


Slide 65

Slide 66

Slide 67

Slide 68

Slide 69

Percent Error

Percent Error (2)

Significant Figures

Practice Measuring




How many Sig Figs



Slide 80

Slide 81

Slide 82

Numerical Example

Slide 84


Slide 86

Slide 87


The Metric System







Slide 96

Slide 97

Slide 98

Slide 99

Slide 100


Slide 102

Slide 103

Slide 104

Slide 105

Slide 106


Slide 108

Slide 109

Slide 110

Slide 111


Slide 113

Slide 114

Slide 115





correlationhellip





How doesscientific

knowledgeadvance




Robert Boyle




(1661)




uses the fivesenses



colorless liquid --

-- eg eg

descriptions


(vs clear liquid)







hypothesis


experiment








Dependent variable







Develophypothesis

Develophypothesis


experiment


experiment


conclusions


conclusions

Hypothesis IS

supported

Hypothesis IS

supported

Hypothesis is NOT

supported

Hypothesis is NOT

supported

Developtheory

Developtheory



Revisehypothesis

Revisehypothesis


Scientific Method





gravity



G m mF

r


Theory of Gravity

Atomic Theory



theory

-- eg





Graphs



0

2

4

6

8

10

A B C D F

Chemistry Grades

o

f st

ud

ents


Entertainment (40)

Food (25)

Clothing (20)

Savings (15)



0

10

20

30

40

50

60

Jan Feb Mar Apr

Month

Sh

are

Pri

ce (

$)






0123456789

10

120 140 160 180 200 220 240

Temp (K)

Vo

lum

e (

L)


1 title

3 neat

Graphing HW

TimeTotal Dist

cycled (km)8 am 0

9 am 12

10 am 23

11 am 33

noon 42

1 pm 50

2 pm 57

3 pm 63


0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80


Time (h)

Dis

tan

ce C

ycle

d (

km)








800 = 8 x 10 x 10

= 8 x 102

2531 = 2531 x 10 x 10 x 10

= 2531 x 103

00014 = 14 10 10 10

= 14 x 10ndash3



187 x 10ndash5 = 00000187

37 x 108 = 370000000

788 x 101 = 788

2164 x 10ndash2 = 002164


12340 = 1234 x 104

0369 = 369 x 10ndash1

0008 = 8 x 10ndash3

1000000000 = 1 x 109

602 x 1023 = 602000000000000000000000




6 EE 0 32 2

6 y x 0 32 2

x 16 0 2 EE 320

y x 32x 16 0 2 0

nothellip

orhellip

and nothellip


6 EE 0 32 2

WRONG

WRONG

TOO MUCH WORK


(before the number

after the number

or either one)



12 x 105 28 x 1019


=

1 2 EE 5

92 8 EE 1





ndash65 x 10ndash19

535 x 103 or 5350

29 x 1023


435 x 106 (123 x 10ndash3) =

576 x 10ndash16 986 x 10ndash4 =

88 x 1011 x 33 x 1011 =

584 x 10ndash13



8 m






eg vs 800 m vs 800000 m

0653 m


eg precisehellip

imprecisehellip

0652 m

0654 m

07 m

08 m

06 m




human error

method error

instrument error






measuring device is



Percent Error


001

accepted

alexperimenterror

accepted

your value




100gmL 136

gmL 136gmL 140error

error = 29


Significant Figures



235 cm


Practice Measuring

45 cm

454 cm

30 cm


cm0 1 2 3 4 5

cm0 1 2 3 4 5

cm0 1 2 3 4 5






A (255 mL) B (1637 mL) C (51 mL)

26

25 164

163

60

50








How many Sig Figs


25 g

0030 kg

1240560 x 106 mg

6 x 104 sec

24631 g

2006 cm

1050 m

012 kg

1240560 cm

6000000 kg

600 x 106 kg

409 cm

29200 dm

002500 g

2

2

7

1

5

4

4

2

7

1

3

3

5

4





SF found5282 x 342 = 1806444

rarr rounded to 487



255 mL + 1637 mL + 51 mL = 9287 mL

93 mL




756

0528396

387600

4200

84845E-4

76 756 75600

38760 x 105388000390000

0528400528053

85 x 10ndash4

42000 x 103 420 x 1034200

848 x 10ndash4 84845 x 10ndash4




064 kgms2

52 kg (29 m)

(18 s)(13 s)=

48 g (23 s)

(18 s)(37 s)= 017 g

s



x = z ndash y





x ndash 24 = 13 +24 +24

x = 37




Numerical Example

Solve for x F = k x

F = k xk k

x = Fk __


( )__1k

F = k x( )__1k

(or)



Numerical Example

Solve for x 8 = 7 x

8 = 7 x7 7


( )__17

8 = 7 x( )__17

(or)



87 __

Solve for x ___ x

BA = TRH

___

BAH = xTR




x =

1TR( )___1

TR( )___


P1 = 108 atm

P2 = 086 atm

V1 = 322 L

V2 = 143 L

T1 = 373 K

P1V1T2 =P2V2T1

____ T1

P1V1 = P2V2

T2

____

1P1V1

( )____ 1P1V1

( )____

T2 = P1V1

______P2V2T1

130T2 = (108 atm)(322 L)_____________________(086 atm)(143 L)(373 K)

= K



The Metric System

from

Indu

stry

Wee

k 1

981

Nov

embe

r 30


kilo hecto deca

Base Units

metergramliter

deci centi milli





mega- M 1000000 106

kilo- k 1000 103

deci- d 01 10-1

centi- c 001 10-2

milli- m 0001 10-3

micro- m 0000001 10-6

nano- n 0000000001 10-9




Also

1 mL = 1 cm3 and 1 L = 1 dm3





conversion factors

equality

or

132 m = 132 cm

1 m = 100 cm

______1 m100 cm




______1 m

100 cm

1 m100 cm

(or 001 m = 1 cm)


conversion factors

equality

or

872 cm = 00872 m

1 m = 100 cm

______1 m100 cm


______1 m

100 cm

1 m100 cm


15000 dm

= 15 km1000 m

1 km10 dm

1 m


= 378432 s1 h

60 min24 h1 d 1 min

60 s____( ) ( )____( )_____438 d



412 cm2


= 4120 mm2

1 cm2

102 mm2

( )2 ( )2

Simple Mathwith

Conversion Factors


A = L W

= (46 cm)(91 cm)

91 cm= 42 cm2 cm

46 cm

Convert to m2 42 cm2 ( )______100 cm

1 m 2 = 00042 m2


cmcm


Find volume

Length = 142 cm

Width = 86 cm

Height = 215 cm

V = L W H

= (142 cm)(86 cm)(215 cm)

= 2600 cm3


Density =

Typical units


Vm D

volumemass m

V D

liquids and gases



1 a formula

water displacement

V = l ∙ w ∙ hV = p ∙ r2 ∙ h

V =

VfinalVinitial


2




Vm

D 3cm 20g 227

m

V D



33 cm 162

cmg

1135 m = D V = 184

3cmg

= 1135

g

V






19300 g

7720 cm3 or 772 L

425 lbs

3cmg


15 cm

18 cm

m

V D

m

V = p r2 h

Vm

D

= p (18 cm)2(15 cm)

= 15268

3cm 15268

g 1195 = 779

cm3


82 cm

51 cm

47 cm

m

V D

Vm

D


m

V = l w h

= 820 cm (510 cm)(470 cm)

3cmg

= 19655

3cm 19655

g 153 = 0778

cm3

lt 1 No it floats






D1

D2

D3

D4

D5

D1

D2

D3

D4

D5


liq

liqliq V

m D sohellip


mliq =


Vliq

mliq Dliq=

VliqDliq




a chemical reaction






reactants

methane + oxygen

+ H2O(g)

carbondioxide


water+

22

Reactants Products

NaOH(aq)

water


sodium

2 2


+ +

+ +

Reactants Products




Pmass = Rmass

=










Dominion Science


Slide 7

What is Chemistry

Slide 9

The Beginning

Alchemy

Slide 12

Slide 13

Slide 14

Slide 15

Areas of Chemistry


Slide 18



Slide 21





Toxicity


Chemical Exposure


Science


Corning Glass

Aluminum Mining

Slide 34

Slide 35




Slide 39

Types of Data






Slide 46



Slide 49


Graphs

Bar Graph

Pie Graph

Line Graph


Graphing HW



Scientific Notation

Slide 60


Slide 62

Slide 63


Slide 65

Slide 66

Slide 67

Slide 68

Slide 69

Percent Error

Percent Error (2)

Significant Figures

Practice Measuring




How many Sig Figs



Slide 80

Slide 81

Slide 82

Numerical Example

Slide 84


Slide 86

Slide 87


The Metric System







Slide 96

Slide 97

Slide 98

Slide 99

Slide 100


Slide 102

Slide 103

Slide 104

Slide 105

Slide 106


Slide 108

Slide 109

Slide 110

Slide 111


Slide 113

Slide 114

Slide 115







How doesscientific

knowledgeadvance




Robert Boyle




(1661)




uses the fivesenses



colorless liquid --

-- eg eg

descriptions


(vs clear liquid)







hypothesis


experiment








Dependent variable







Develophypothesis

Develophypothesis


experiment


experiment


conclusions


conclusions

Hypothesis IS

supported

Hypothesis IS

supported

Hypothesis is NOT

supported

Hypothesis is NOT

supported

Developtheory

Developtheory



Revisehypothesis

Revisehypothesis


Scientific Method





gravity



G m mF

r


Theory of Gravity

Atomic Theory



theory

-- eg





Graphs



0

2

4

6

8

10

A B C D F

Chemistry Grades

o

f st

ud

ents


Entertainment (40)

Food (25)

Clothing (20)

Savings (15)



0

10

20

30

40

50

60

Jan Feb Mar Apr

Month

Sh

are

Pri

ce (

$)






0123456789

10

120 140 160 180 200 220 240

Temp (K)

Vo

lum

e (

L)


1 title

3 neat

Graphing HW

TimeTotal Dist

cycled (km)8 am 0

9 am 12

10 am 23

11 am 33

noon 42

1 pm 50

2 pm 57

3 pm 63


0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80


Time (h)

Dis

tan

ce C

ycle

d (

km)








800 = 8 x 10 x 10

= 8 x 102

2531 = 2531 x 10 x 10 x 10

= 2531 x 103

00014 = 14 10 10 10

= 14 x 10ndash3



187 x 10ndash5 = 00000187

37 x 108 = 370000000

788 x 101 = 788

2164 x 10ndash2 = 002164


12340 = 1234 x 104

0369 = 369 x 10ndash1

0008 = 8 x 10ndash3

1000000000 = 1 x 109

602 x 1023 = 602000000000000000000000




6 EE 0 32 2

6 y x 0 32 2

x 16 0 2 EE 320

y x 32x 16 0 2 0

nothellip

orhellip

and nothellip


6 EE 0 32 2

WRONG

WRONG

TOO MUCH WORK


(before the number

after the number

or either one)



12 x 105 28 x 1019


=

1 2 EE 5

92 8 EE 1





ndash65 x 10ndash19

535 x 103 or 5350

29 x 1023


435 x 106 (123 x 10ndash3) =

576 x 10ndash16 986 x 10ndash4 =

88 x 1011 x 33 x 1011 =

584 x 10ndash13



8 m






eg vs 800 m vs 800000 m

0653 m


eg precisehellip

imprecisehellip

0652 m

0654 m

07 m

08 m

06 m




human error

method error

instrument error






measuring device is



Percent Error


001

accepted

alexperimenterror

accepted

your value




100gmL 136

gmL 136gmL 140error

error = 29


Significant Figures



235 cm


Practice Measuring

45 cm

454 cm

30 cm


cm0 1 2 3 4 5

cm0 1 2 3 4 5

cm0 1 2 3 4 5






A (255 mL) B (1637 mL) C (51 mL)

26

25 164

163

60

50








How many Sig Figs


25 g

0030 kg

1240560 x 106 mg

6 x 104 sec

24631 g

2006 cm

1050 m

012 kg

1240560 cm

6000000 kg

600 x 106 kg

409 cm

29200 dm

002500 g

2

2

7

1

5

4

4

2

7

1

3

3

5

4





SF found5282 x 342 = 1806444

rarr rounded to 487



255 mL + 1637 mL + 51 mL = 9287 mL

93 mL




756

0528396

387600

4200

84845E-4

76 756 75600

38760 x 105388000390000

0528400528053

85 x 10ndash4

42000 x 103 420 x 1034200

848 x 10ndash4 84845 x 10ndash4




064 kgms2

52 kg (29 m)

(18 s)(13 s)=

48 g (23 s)

(18 s)(37 s)= 017 g

s



x = z ndash y





x ndash 24 = 13 +24 +24

x = 37




Numerical Example

Solve for x F = k x

F = k xk k

x = Fk __


( )__1k

F = k x( )__1k

(or)



Numerical Example

Solve for x 8 = 7 x

8 = 7 x7 7


( )__17

8 = 7 x( )__17

(or)



87 __

Solve for x ___ x

BA = TRH

___

BAH = xTR




x =

1TR( )___1

TR( )___


P1 = 108 atm

P2 = 086 atm

V1 = 322 L

V2 = 143 L

T1 = 373 K

P1V1T2 =P2V2T1

____ T1

P1V1 = P2V2

T2

____

1P1V1

( )____ 1P1V1

( )____

T2 = P1V1

______P2V2T1

130T2 = (108 atm)(322 L)_____________________(086 atm)(143 L)(373 K)

= K



The Metric System

from

Indu

stry

Wee

k 1

981

Nov

embe

r 30


kilo hecto deca

Base Units

metergramliter

deci centi milli





mega- M 1000000 106

kilo- k 1000 103

deci- d 01 10-1

centi- c 001 10-2

milli- m 0001 10-3

micro- m 0000001 10-6

nano- n 0000000001 10-9




Also

1 mL = 1 cm3 and 1 L = 1 dm3





conversion factors

equality

or

132 m = 132 cm

1 m = 100 cm

______1 m100 cm




______1 m

100 cm

1 m100 cm

(or 001 m = 1 cm)


conversion factors

equality

or

872 cm = 00872 m

1 m = 100 cm

______1 m100 cm


______1 m

100 cm

1 m100 cm


15000 dm

= 15 km1000 m

1 km10 dm

1 m


= 378432 s1 h

60 min24 h1 d 1 min

60 s____( ) ( )____( )_____438 d



412 cm2


= 4120 mm2

1 cm2

102 mm2

( )2 ( )2

Simple Mathwith

Conversion Factors


A = L W

= (46 cm)(91 cm)

91 cm= 42 cm2 cm

46 cm

Convert to m2 42 cm2 ( )______100 cm

1 m 2 = 00042 m2


cmcm


Find volume

Length = 142 cm

Width = 86 cm

Height = 215 cm

V = L W H

= (142 cm)(86 cm)(215 cm)

= 2600 cm3


Density =

Typical units


Vm D

volumemass m

V D

liquids and gases



1 a formula

water displacement

V = l ∙ w ∙ hV = p ∙ r2 ∙ h

V =

VfinalVinitial


2




Vm

D 3cm 20g 227

m

V D



33 cm 162

cmg

1135 m = D V = 184

3cmg

= 1135

g

V






19300 g

7720 cm3 or 772 L

425 lbs

3cmg


15 cm

18 cm

m

V D

m

V = p r2 h

Vm

D

= p (18 cm)2(15 cm)

= 15268

3cm 15268

g 1195 = 779

cm3


82 cm

51 cm

47 cm

m

V D

Vm

D


m

V = l w h

= 820 cm (510 cm)(470 cm)

3cmg

= 19655

3cm 19655

g 153 = 0778

cm3

lt 1 No it floats






D1

D2

D3

D4

D5

D1

D2

D3

D4

D5


liq

liqliq V

m D sohellip


mliq =


Vliq

mliq Dliq=

VliqDliq




a chemical reaction






reactants

methane + oxygen

+ H2O(g)

carbondioxide


water+

22

Reactants Products

NaOH(aq)

water


sodium

2 2


+ +

+ +

Reactants Products




Pmass = Rmass

=










Dominion Science


Slide 7

What is Chemistry

Slide 9

The Beginning

Alchemy

Slide 12

Slide 13

Slide 14

Slide 15

Areas of Chemistry


Slide 18



Slide 21





Toxicity


Chemical Exposure


Science


Corning Glass

Aluminum Mining

Slide 34

Slide 35




Slide 39

Types of Data






Slide 46



Slide 49


Graphs

Bar Graph

Pie Graph

Line Graph


Graphing HW



Scientific Notation

Slide 60


Slide 62

Slide 63


Slide 65

Slide 66

Slide 67

Slide 68

Slide 69

Percent Error

Percent Error (2)

Significant Figures

Practice Measuring




How many Sig Figs



Slide 80

Slide 81

Slide 82

Numerical Example

Slide 84


Slide 86

Slide 87


The Metric System







Slide 96

Slide 97

Slide 98

Slide 99

Slide 100


Slide 102

Slide 103

Slide 104

Slide 105

Slide 106


Slide 108

Slide 109

Slide 110

Slide 111


Slide 113

Slide 114

Slide 115





Robert Boyle




(1661)




uses the fivesenses



colorless liquid --

-- eg eg

descriptions


(vs clear liquid)







hypothesis


experiment








Dependent variable







Develophypothesis

Develophypothesis


experiment


experiment


conclusions


conclusions

Hypothesis IS

supported

Hypothesis IS

supported

Hypothesis is NOT

supported

Hypothesis is NOT

supported

Developtheory

Developtheory



Revisehypothesis

Revisehypothesis


Scientific Method





gravity



G m mF

r


Theory of Gravity

Atomic Theory



theory

-- eg





Graphs



0

2

4

6

8

10

A B C D F

Chemistry Grades

o

f st

ud

ents


Entertainment (40)

Food (25)

Clothing (20)

Savings (15)



0

10

20

30

40

50

60

Jan Feb Mar Apr

Month

Sh

are

Pri

ce (

$)






0123456789

10

120 140 160 180 200 220 240

Temp (K)

Vo

lum

e (

L)


1 title

3 neat

Graphing HW

TimeTotal Dist

cycled (km)8 am 0

9 am 12

10 am 23

11 am 33

noon 42

1 pm 50

2 pm 57

3 pm 63


0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80


Time (h)

Dis

tan

ce C

ycle

d (

km)








800 = 8 x 10 x 10

= 8 x 102

2531 = 2531 x 10 x 10 x 10

= 2531 x 103

00014 = 14 10 10 10

= 14 x 10ndash3



187 x 10ndash5 = 00000187

37 x 108 = 370000000

788 x 101 = 788

2164 x 10ndash2 = 002164


12340 = 1234 x 104

0369 = 369 x 10ndash1

0008 = 8 x 10ndash3

1000000000 = 1 x 109

602 x 1023 = 602000000000000000000000




6 EE 0 32 2

6 y x 0 32 2

x 16 0 2 EE 320

y x 32x 16 0 2 0

nothellip

orhellip

and nothellip


6 EE 0 32 2

WRONG

WRONG

TOO MUCH WORK


(before the number

after the number

or either one)



12 x 105 28 x 1019


=

1 2 EE 5

92 8 EE 1





ndash65 x 10ndash19

535 x 103 or 5350

29 x 1023


435 x 106 (123 x 10ndash3) =

576 x 10ndash16 986 x 10ndash4 =

88 x 1011 x 33 x 1011 =

584 x 10ndash13



8 m






eg vs 800 m vs 800000 m

0653 m


eg precisehellip

imprecisehellip

0652 m

0654 m

07 m

08 m

06 m




human error

method error

instrument error






measuring device is



Percent Error


001

accepted

alexperimenterror

accepted

your value




100gmL 136

gmL 136gmL 140error

error = 29


Significant Figures



235 cm


Practice Measuring

45 cm

454 cm

30 cm


cm0 1 2 3 4 5

cm0 1 2 3 4 5

cm0 1 2 3 4 5






A (255 mL) B (1637 mL) C (51 mL)

26

25 164

163

60

50








How many Sig Figs


25 g

0030 kg

1240560 x 106 mg

6 x 104 sec

24631 g

2006 cm

1050 m

012 kg

1240560 cm

6000000 kg

600 x 106 kg

409 cm

29200 dm

002500 g

2

2

7

1

5

4

4

2

7

1

3

3

5

4





SF found5282 x 342 = 1806444

rarr rounded to 487



255 mL + 1637 mL + 51 mL = 9287 mL

93 mL




756

0528396

387600

4200

84845E-4

76 756 75600

38760 x 105388000390000

0528400528053

85 x 10ndash4

42000 x 103 420 x 1034200

848 x 10ndash4 84845 x 10ndash4




064 kgms2

52 kg (29 m)

(18 s)(13 s)=

48 g (23 s)

(18 s)(37 s)= 017 g

s



x = z ndash y





x ndash 24 = 13 +24 +24

x = 37




Numerical Example

Solve for x F = k x

F = k xk k

x = Fk __


( )__1k

F = k x( )__1k

(or)



Numerical Example

Solve for x 8 = 7 x

8 = 7 x7 7


( )__17

8 = 7 x( )__17

(or)



87 __

Solve for x ___ x

BA = TRH

___

BAH = xTR




x =

1TR( )___1

TR( )___


P1 = 108 atm

P2 = 086 atm

V1 = 322 L

V2 = 143 L

T1 = 373 K

P1V1T2 =P2V2T1

____ T1

P1V1 = P2V2

T2

____

1P1V1

( )____ 1P1V1

( )____

T2 = P1V1

______P2V2T1

130T2 = (108 atm)(322 L)_____________________(086 atm)(143 L)(373 K)

= K



The Metric System

from

Indu

stry

Wee

k 1

981

Nov

embe

r 30


kilo hecto deca

Base Units

metergramliter

deci centi milli





mega- M 1000000 106

kilo- k 1000 103

deci- d 01 10-1

centi- c 001 10-2

milli- m 0001 10-3

micro- m 0000001 10-6

nano- n 0000000001 10-9




Also

1 mL = 1 cm3 and 1 L = 1 dm3





conversion factors

equality

or

132 m = 132 cm

1 m = 100 cm

______1 m100 cm




______1 m

100 cm

1 m100 cm

(or 001 m = 1 cm)


conversion factors

equality

or

872 cm = 00872 m

1 m = 100 cm

______1 m100 cm


______1 m

100 cm

1 m100 cm


15000 dm

= 15 km1000 m

1 km10 dm

1 m


= 378432 s1 h

60 min24 h1 d 1 min

60 s____( ) ( )____( )_____438 d



412 cm2


= 4120 mm2

1 cm2

102 mm2

( )2 ( )2

Simple Mathwith

Conversion Factors


A = L W

= (46 cm)(91 cm)

91 cm= 42 cm2 cm

46 cm

Convert to m2 42 cm2 ( )______100 cm

1 m 2 = 00042 m2


cmcm


Find volume

Length = 142 cm

Width = 86 cm

Height = 215 cm

V = L W H

= (142 cm)(86 cm)(215 cm)

= 2600 cm3


Density =

Typical units


Vm D

volumemass m

V D

liquids and gases



1 a formula

water displacement

V = l ∙ w ∙ hV = p ∙ r2 ∙ h

V =

VfinalVinitial


2




Vm

D 3cm 20g 227

m

V D



33 cm 162

cmg

1135 m = D V = 184

3cmg

= 1135

g

V






19300 g

7720 cm3 or 772 L

425 lbs

3cmg


15 cm

18 cm

m

V D

m

V = p r2 h

Vm

D

= p (18 cm)2(15 cm)

= 15268

3cm 15268

g 1195 = 779

cm3


82 cm

51 cm

47 cm

m

V D

Vm

D


m

V = l w h

= 820 cm (510 cm)(470 cm)

3cmg

= 19655

3cm 19655

g 153 = 0778

cm3

lt 1 No it floats






D1

D2

D3

D4

D5

D1

D2

D3

D4

D5


liq

liqliq V

m D sohellip


mliq =


Vliq

mliq Dliq=

VliqDliq




a chemical reaction






reactants

methane + oxygen

+ H2O(g)

carbondioxide


water+

22

Reactants Products

NaOH(aq)

water


sodium

2 2


+ +

+ +

Reactants Products




Pmass = Rmass

=










Dominion Science


Slide 7

What is Chemistry

Slide 9

The Beginning

Alchemy

Slide 12

Slide 13

Slide 14

Slide 15

Areas of Chemistry


Slide 18



Slide 21





Toxicity


Chemical Exposure


Science


Corning Glass

Aluminum Mining

Slide 34

Slide 35




Slide 39

Types of Data






Slide 46



Slide 49


Graphs

Bar Graph

Pie Graph

Line Graph


Graphing HW



Scientific Notation

Slide 60


Slide 62

Slide 63


Slide 65

Slide 66

Slide 67

Slide 68

Slide 69

Percent Error

Percent Error (2)

Significant Figures

Practice Measuring




How many Sig Figs



Slide 80

Slide 81

Slide 82

Numerical Example

Slide 84


Slide 86

Slide 87


The Metric System







Slide 96

Slide 97

Slide 98

Slide 99

Slide 100


Slide 102

Slide 103

Slide 104

Slide 105

Slide 106


Slide 108

Slide 109

Slide 110

Slide 111


Slide 113

Slide 114

Slide 115






uses the fivesenses



colorless liquid --

-- eg eg

descriptions


(vs clear liquid)







hypothesis


experiment








Dependent variable







Develophypothesis

Develophypothesis


experiment


experiment


conclusions


conclusions

Hypothesis IS

supported

Hypothesis IS

supported

Hypothesis is NOT

supported

Hypothesis is NOT

supported

Developtheory

Developtheory



Revisehypothesis

Revisehypothesis


Scientific Method





gravity



G m mF

r


Theory of Gravity

Atomic Theory



theory

-- eg





Graphs



0

2

4

6

8

10

A B C D F

Chemistry Grades

o

f st

ud

ents


Entertainment (40)

Food (25)

Clothing (20)

Savings (15)



0

10

20

30

40

50

60

Jan Feb Mar Apr

Month

Sh

are

Pri

ce (

$)






0123456789

10

120 140 160 180 200 220 240

Temp (K)

Vo

lum

e (

L)


1 title

3 neat

Graphing HW

TimeTotal Dist

cycled (km)8 am 0

9 am 12

10 am 23

11 am 33

noon 42

1 pm 50

2 pm 57

3 pm 63


0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80


Time (h)

Dis

tan

ce C

ycle

d (

km)








800 = 8 x 10 x 10

= 8 x 102

2531 = 2531 x 10 x 10 x 10

= 2531 x 103

00014 = 14 10 10 10

= 14 x 10ndash3



187 x 10ndash5 = 00000187

37 x 108 = 370000000

788 x 101 = 788

2164 x 10ndash2 = 002164


12340 = 1234 x 104

0369 = 369 x 10ndash1

0008 = 8 x 10ndash3

1000000000 = 1 x 109

602 x 1023 = 602000000000000000000000




6 EE 0 32 2

6 y x 0 32 2

x 16 0 2 EE 320

y x 32x 16 0 2 0

nothellip

orhellip

and nothellip


6 EE 0 32 2

WRONG

WRONG

TOO MUCH WORK


(before the number

after the number

or either one)



12 x 105 28 x 1019


=

1 2 EE 5

92 8 EE 1





ndash65 x 10ndash19

535 x 103 or 5350

29 x 1023


435 x 106 (123 x 10ndash3) =

576 x 10ndash16 986 x 10ndash4 =

88 x 1011 x 33 x 1011 =

584 x 10ndash13



8 m






eg vs 800 m vs 800000 m

0653 m


eg precisehellip

imprecisehellip

0652 m

0654 m

07 m

08 m

06 m




human error

method error

instrument error






measuring device is



Percent Error


001

accepted

alexperimenterror

accepted

your value




100gmL 136

gmL 136gmL 140error

error = 29


Significant Figures



235 cm


Practice Measuring

45 cm

454 cm

30 cm


cm0 1 2 3 4 5

cm0 1 2 3 4 5

cm0 1 2 3 4 5






A (255 mL) B (1637 mL) C (51 mL)

26

25 164

163

60

50








How many Sig Figs


25 g

0030 kg

1240560 x 106 mg

6 x 104 sec

24631 g

2006 cm

1050 m

012 kg

1240560 cm

6000000 kg

600 x 106 kg

409 cm

29200 dm

002500 g

2

2

7

1

5

4

4

2

7

1

3

3

5

4





SF found5282 x 342 = 1806444

rarr rounded to 487



255 mL + 1637 mL + 51 mL = 9287 mL

93 mL




756

0528396

387600

4200

84845E-4

76 756 75600

38760 x 105388000390000

0528400528053

85 x 10ndash4

42000 x 103 420 x 1034200

848 x 10ndash4 84845 x 10ndash4




064 kgms2

52 kg (29 m)

(18 s)(13 s)=

48 g (23 s)

(18 s)(37 s)= 017 g

s



x = z ndash y





x ndash 24 = 13 +24 +24

x = 37




Numerical Example

Solve for x F = k x

F = k xk k

x = Fk __


( )__1k

F = k x( )__1k

(or)



Numerical Example

Solve for x 8 = 7 x

8 = 7 x7 7


( )__17

8 = 7 x( )__17

(or)



87 __

Solve for x ___ x

BA = TRH

___

BAH = xTR




x =

1TR( )___1

TR( )___


P1 = 108 atm

P2 = 086 atm

V1 = 322 L

V2 = 143 L

T1 = 373 K

P1V1T2 =P2V2T1

____ T1

P1V1 = P2V2

T2

____

1P1V1

( )____ 1P1V1

( )____

T2 = P1V1

______P2V2T1

130T2 = (108 atm)(322 L)_____________________(086 atm)(143 L)(373 K)

= K



The Metric System

from

Indu

stry

Wee

k 1

981

Nov

embe

r 30


kilo hecto deca

Base Units

metergramliter

deci centi milli





mega- M 1000000 106

kilo- k 1000 103

deci- d 01 10-1

centi- c 001 10-2

milli- m 0001 10-3

micro- m 0000001 10-6

nano- n 0000000001 10-9




Also

1 mL = 1 cm3 and 1 L = 1 dm3





conversion factors

equality

or

132 m = 132 cm

1 m = 100 cm

______1 m100 cm




______1 m

100 cm

1 m100 cm

(or 001 m = 1 cm)


conversion factors

equality

or

872 cm = 00872 m

1 m = 100 cm

______1 m100 cm


______1 m

100 cm

1 m100 cm


15000 dm

= 15 km1000 m

1 km10 dm

1 m


= 378432 s1 h

60 min24 h1 d 1 min

60 s____( ) ( )____( )_____438 d



412 cm2


= 4120 mm2

1 cm2

102 mm2

( )2 ( )2

Simple Mathwith

Conversion Factors


A = L W

= (46 cm)(91 cm)

91 cm= 42 cm2 cm

46 cm

Convert to m2 42 cm2 ( )______100 cm

1 m 2 = 00042 m2


cmcm


Find volume

Length = 142 cm

Width = 86 cm

Height = 215 cm

V = L W H

= (142 cm)(86 cm)(215 cm)

= 2600 cm3


Density =

Typical units


Vm D

volumemass m

V D

liquids and gases



1 a formula

water displacement

V = l ∙ w ∙ hV = p ∙ r2 ∙ h

V =

VfinalVinitial


2




Vm

D 3cm 20g 227

m

V D



33 cm 162

cmg

1135 m = D V = 184

3cmg

= 1135

g

V






19300 g

7720 cm3 or 772 L

425 lbs

3cmg


15 cm

18 cm

m

V D

m

V = p r2 h

Vm

D

= p (18 cm)2(15 cm)

= 15268

3cm 15268

g 1195 = 779

cm3


82 cm

51 cm

47 cm

m

V D

Vm

D


m

V = l w h

= 820 cm (510 cm)(470 cm)

3cmg

= 19655

3cm 19655

g 153 = 0778

cm3

lt 1 No it floats






D1

D2

D3

D4

D5

D1

D2

D3

D4

D5


liq

liqliq V

m D sohellip


mliq =


Vliq

mliq Dliq=

VliqDliq




a chemical reaction






reactants

methane + oxygen

+ H2O(g)

carbondioxide


water+

22

Reactants Products

NaOH(aq)

water


sodium

2 2


+ +

+ +

Reactants Products




Pmass = Rmass

=










Dominion Science


Slide 7

What is Chemistry

Slide 9

The Beginning

Alchemy

Slide 12

Slide 13

Slide 14

Slide 15

Areas of Chemistry


Slide 18



Slide 21





Toxicity


Chemical Exposure


Science


Corning Glass

Aluminum Mining

Slide 34

Slide 35




Slide 39

Types of Data






Slide 46



Slide 49


Graphs

Bar Graph

Pie Graph

Line Graph


Graphing HW



Scientific Notation

Slide 60


Slide 62

Slide 63


Slide 65

Slide 66

Slide 67

Slide 68

Slide 69

Percent Error

Percent Error (2)

Significant Figures

Practice Measuring




How many Sig Figs



Slide 80

Slide 81

Slide 82

Numerical Example

Slide 84


Slide 86

Slide 87


The Metric System







Slide 96

Slide 97

Slide 98

Slide 99

Slide 100


Slide 102

Slide 103

Slide 104

Slide 105

Slide 106


Slide 108

Slide 109

Slide 110

Slide 111


Slide 113

Slide 114

Slide 115





colorless liquid --

-- eg eg

descriptions


(vs clear liquid)







hypothesis


experiment








Dependent variable







Develophypothesis

Develophypothesis


experiment


experiment


conclusions


conclusions

Hypothesis IS

supported

Hypothesis IS

supported

Hypothesis is NOT

supported

Hypothesis is NOT

supported

Developtheory

Developtheory



Revisehypothesis

Revisehypothesis


Scientific Method





gravity



G m mF

r


Theory of Gravity

Atomic Theory



theory

-- eg





Graphs



0

2

4

6

8

10

A B C D F

Chemistry Grades

o

f st

ud

ents


Entertainment (40)

Food (25)

Clothing (20)

Savings (15)



0

10

20

30

40

50

60

Jan Feb Mar Apr

Month

Sh

are

Pri

ce (

$)






0123456789

10

120 140 160 180 200 220 240

Temp (K)

Vo

lum

e (

L)


1 title

3 neat

Graphing HW

TimeTotal Dist

cycled (km)8 am 0

9 am 12

10 am 23

11 am 33

noon 42

1 pm 50

2 pm 57

3 pm 63


0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80


Time (h)

Dis

tan

ce C

ycle

d (

km)








800 = 8 x 10 x 10

= 8 x 102

2531 = 2531 x 10 x 10 x 10

= 2531 x 103

00014 = 14 10 10 10

= 14 x 10ndash3



187 x 10ndash5 = 00000187

37 x 108 = 370000000

788 x 101 = 788

2164 x 10ndash2 = 002164


12340 = 1234 x 104

0369 = 369 x 10ndash1

0008 = 8 x 10ndash3

1000000000 = 1 x 109

602 x 1023 = 602000000000000000000000




6 EE 0 32 2

6 y x 0 32 2

x 16 0 2 EE 320

y x 32x 16 0 2 0

nothellip

orhellip

and nothellip


6 EE 0 32 2

WRONG

WRONG

TOO MUCH WORK


(before the number

after the number

or either one)



12 x 105 28 x 1019


=

1 2 EE 5

92 8 EE 1





ndash65 x 10ndash19

535 x 103 or 5350

29 x 1023


435 x 106 (123 x 10ndash3) =

576 x 10ndash16 986 x 10ndash4 =

88 x 1011 x 33 x 1011 =

584 x 10ndash13



8 m






eg vs 800 m vs 800000 m

0653 m


eg precisehellip

imprecisehellip

0652 m

0654 m

07 m

08 m

06 m




human error

method error

instrument error






measuring device is



Percent Error


001

accepted

alexperimenterror

accepted

your value




100gmL 136

gmL 136gmL 140error

error = 29


Significant Figures



235 cm


Practice Measuring

45 cm

454 cm

30 cm


cm0 1 2 3 4 5

cm0 1 2 3 4 5

cm0 1 2 3 4 5






A (255 mL) B (1637 mL) C (51 mL)

26

25 164

163

60

50








How many Sig Figs


25 g

0030 kg

1240560 x 106 mg

6 x 104 sec

24631 g

2006 cm

1050 m

012 kg

1240560 cm

6000000 kg

600 x 106 kg

409 cm

29200 dm

002500 g

2

2

7

1

5

4

4

2

7

1

3

3

5

4





SF found5282 x 342 = 1806444

rarr rounded to 487



255 mL + 1637 mL + 51 mL = 9287 mL

93 mL




756

0528396

387600

4200

84845E-4

76 756 75600

38760 x 105388000390000

0528400528053

85 x 10ndash4

42000 x 103 420 x 1034200

848 x 10ndash4 84845 x 10ndash4




064 kgms2

52 kg (29 m)

(18 s)(13 s)=

48 g (23 s)

(18 s)(37 s)= 017 g

s



x = z ndash y





x ndash 24 = 13 +24 +24

x = 37




Numerical Example

Solve for x F = k x

F = k xk k

x = Fk __


( )__1k

F = k x( )__1k

(or)



Numerical Example

Solve for x 8 = 7 x

8 = 7 x7 7


( )__17

8 = 7 x( )__17

(or)



87 __

Solve for x ___ x

BA = TRH

___

BAH = xTR




x =

1TR( )___1

TR( )___


P1 = 108 atm

P2 = 086 atm

V1 = 322 L

V2 = 143 L

T1 = 373 K

P1V1T2 =P2V2T1

____ T1

P1V1 = P2V2

T2

____

1P1V1

( )____ 1P1V1

( )____

T2 = P1V1

______P2V2T1

130T2 = (108 atm)(322 L)_____________________(086 atm)(143 L)(373 K)

= K



The Metric System

from

Indu

stry

Wee

k 1

981

Nov

embe

r 30


kilo hecto deca

Base Units

metergramliter

deci centi milli





mega- M 1000000 106

kilo- k 1000 103

deci- d 01 10-1

centi- c 001 10-2

milli- m 0001 10-3

micro- m 0000001 10-6

nano- n 0000000001 10-9




Also

1 mL = 1 cm3 and 1 L = 1 dm3





conversion factors

equality

or

132 m = 132 cm

1 m = 100 cm

______1 m100 cm




______1 m

100 cm

1 m100 cm

(or 001 m = 1 cm)


conversion factors

equality

or

872 cm = 00872 m

1 m = 100 cm

______1 m100 cm


______1 m

100 cm

1 m100 cm


15000 dm

= 15 km1000 m

1 km10 dm

1 m


= 378432 s1 h

60 min24 h1 d 1 min

60 s____( ) ( )____( )_____438 d



412 cm2


= 4120 mm2

1 cm2

102 mm2

( )2 ( )2

Simple Mathwith

Conversion Factors


A = L W

= (46 cm)(91 cm)

91 cm= 42 cm2 cm

46 cm

Convert to m2 42 cm2 ( )______100 cm

1 m 2 = 00042 m2


cmcm


Find volume

Length = 142 cm

Width = 86 cm

Height = 215 cm

V = L W H

= (142 cm)(86 cm)(215 cm)

= 2600 cm3


Density =

Typical units


Vm D

volumemass m

V D

liquids and gases



1 a formula

water displacement

V = l ∙ w ∙ hV = p ∙ r2 ∙ h

V =

VfinalVinitial


2




Vm

D 3cm 20g 227

m

V D



33 cm 162

cmg

1135 m = D V = 184

3cmg

= 1135

g

V






19300 g

7720 cm3 or 772 L

425 lbs

3cmg


15 cm

18 cm

m

V D

m

V = p r2 h

Vm

D

= p (18 cm)2(15 cm)

= 15268

3cm 15268

g 1195 = 779

cm3


82 cm

51 cm

47 cm

m

V D

Vm

D


m

V = l w h

= 820 cm (510 cm)(470 cm)

3cmg

= 19655

3cm 19655

g 153 = 0778

cm3

lt 1 No it floats






D1

D2

D3

D4

D5

D1

D2

D3

D4

D5


liq

liqliq V

m D sohellip


mliq =


Vliq

mliq Dliq=

VliqDliq




a chemical reaction






reactants

methane + oxygen

+ H2O(g)

carbondioxide


water+

22

Reactants Products

NaOH(aq)

water


sodium

2 2


+ +

+ +

Reactants Products




Pmass = Rmass

=










Dominion Science


Slide 7

What is Chemistry

Slide 9

The Beginning

Alchemy

Slide 12

Slide 13

Slide 14

Slide 15

Areas of Chemistry


Slide 18



Slide 21





Toxicity


Chemical Exposure


Science


Corning Glass

Aluminum Mining

Slide 34

Slide 35




Slide 39

Types of Data






Slide 46



Slide 49


Graphs

Bar Graph

Pie Graph

Line Graph


Graphing HW



Scientific Notation

Slide 60


Slide 62

Slide 63


Slide 65

Slide 66

Slide 67

Slide 68

Slide 69

Percent Error

Percent Error (2)

Significant Figures

Practice Measuring




How many Sig Figs



Slide 80

Slide 81

Slide 82

Numerical Example

Slide 84


Slide 86

Slide 87


The Metric System







Slide 96

Slide 97

Slide 98

Slide 99

Slide 100


Slide 102

Slide 103

Slide 104

Slide 105

Slide 106


Slide 108

Slide 109

Slide 110

Slide 111


Slide 113

Slide 114

Slide 115









hypothesis


experiment








Dependent variable







Develophypothesis

Develophypothesis


experiment


experiment


conclusions


conclusions

Hypothesis IS

supported

Hypothesis IS

supported

Hypothesis is NOT

supported

Hypothesis is NOT

supported

Developtheory

Developtheory



Revisehypothesis

Revisehypothesis


Scientific Method





gravity



G m mF

r


Theory of Gravity

Atomic Theory



theory

-- eg





Graphs



0

2

4

6

8

10

A B C D F

Chemistry Grades

o

f st

ud

ents


Entertainment (40)

Food (25)

Clothing (20)

Savings (15)



0

10

20

30

40

50

60

Jan Feb Mar Apr

Month

Sh

are

Pri

ce (

$)






0123456789

10

120 140 160 180 200 220 240

Temp (K)

Vo

lum

e (

L)


1 title

3 neat

Graphing HW

TimeTotal Dist

cycled (km)8 am 0

9 am 12

10 am 23

11 am 33

noon 42

1 pm 50

2 pm 57

3 pm 63


0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80


Time (h)

Dis

tan

ce C

ycle

d (

km)








800 = 8 x 10 x 10

= 8 x 102

2531 = 2531 x 10 x 10 x 10

= 2531 x 103

00014 = 14 10 10 10

= 14 x 10ndash3



187 x 10ndash5 = 00000187

37 x 108 = 370000000

788 x 101 = 788

2164 x 10ndash2 = 002164


12340 = 1234 x 104

0369 = 369 x 10ndash1

0008 = 8 x 10ndash3

1000000000 = 1 x 109

602 x 1023 = 602000000000000000000000




6 EE 0 32 2

6 y x 0 32 2

x 16 0 2 EE 320

y x 32x 16 0 2 0

nothellip

orhellip

and nothellip


6 EE 0 32 2

WRONG

WRONG

TOO MUCH WORK


(before the number

after the number

or either one)



12 x 105 28 x 1019


=

1 2 EE 5

92 8 EE 1





ndash65 x 10ndash19

535 x 103 or 5350

29 x 1023


435 x 106 (123 x 10ndash3) =

576 x 10ndash16 986 x 10ndash4 =

88 x 1011 x 33 x 1011 =

584 x 10ndash13



8 m






eg vs 800 m vs 800000 m

0653 m


eg precisehellip

imprecisehellip

0652 m

0654 m

07 m

08 m

06 m




human error

method error

instrument error






measuring device is



Percent Error


001

accepted

alexperimenterror

accepted

your value




100gmL 136

gmL 136gmL 140error

error = 29


Significant Figures



235 cm


Practice Measuring

45 cm

454 cm

30 cm


cm0 1 2 3 4 5

cm0 1 2 3 4 5

cm0 1 2 3 4 5






A (255 mL) B (1637 mL) C (51 mL)

26

25 164

163

60

50








How many Sig Figs


25 g

0030 kg

1240560 x 106 mg

6 x 104 sec

24631 g

2006 cm

1050 m

012 kg

1240560 cm

6000000 kg

600 x 106 kg

409 cm

29200 dm

002500 g

2

2

7

1

5

4

4

2

7

1

3

3

5

4





SF found5282 x 342 = 1806444

rarr rounded to 487



255 mL + 1637 mL + 51 mL = 9287 mL

93 mL




756

0528396

387600

4200

84845E-4

76 756 75600

38760 x 105388000390000

0528400528053

85 x 10ndash4

42000 x 103 420 x 1034200

848 x 10ndash4 84845 x 10ndash4




064 kgms2

52 kg (29 m)

(18 s)(13 s)=

48 g (23 s)

(18 s)(37 s)= 017 g

s



x = z ndash y





x ndash 24 = 13 +24 +24

x = 37




Numerical Example

Solve for x F = k x

F = k xk k

x = Fk __


( )__1k

F = k x( )__1k

(or)



Numerical Example

Solve for x 8 = 7 x

8 = 7 x7 7


( )__17

8 = 7 x( )__17

(or)



87 __

Solve for x ___ x

BA = TRH

___

BAH = xTR




x =

1TR( )___1

TR( )___


P1 = 108 atm

P2 = 086 atm

V1 = 322 L

V2 = 143 L

T1 = 373 K

P1V1T2 =P2V2T1

____ T1

P1V1 = P2V2

T2

____

1P1V1

( )____ 1P1V1

( )____

T2 = P1V1

______P2V2T1

130T2 = (108 atm)(322 L)_____________________(086 atm)(143 L)(373 K)

= K



The Metric System

from

Indu

stry

Wee

k 1

981

Nov

embe

r 30


kilo hecto deca

Base Units

metergramliter

deci centi milli





mega- M 1000000 106

kilo- k 1000 103

deci- d 01 10-1

centi- c 001 10-2

milli- m 0001 10-3

micro- m 0000001 10-6

nano- n 0000000001 10-9




Also

1 mL = 1 cm3 and 1 L = 1 dm3





conversion factors

equality

or

132 m = 132 cm

1 m = 100 cm

______1 m100 cm




______1 m

100 cm

1 m100 cm

(or 001 m = 1 cm)


conversion factors

equality

or

872 cm = 00872 m

1 m = 100 cm

______1 m100 cm


______1 m

100 cm

1 m100 cm


15000 dm

= 15 km1000 m

1 km10 dm

1 m


= 378432 s1 h

60 min24 h1 d 1 min

60 s____( ) ( )____( )_____438 d



412 cm2


= 4120 mm2

1 cm2

102 mm2

( )2 ( )2

Simple Mathwith

Conversion Factors


A = L W

= (46 cm)(91 cm)

91 cm= 42 cm2 cm

46 cm

Convert to m2 42 cm2 ( )______100 cm

1 m 2 = 00042 m2


cmcm


Find volume

Length = 142 cm

Width = 86 cm

Height = 215 cm

V = L W H

= (142 cm)(86 cm)(215 cm)

= 2600 cm3


Density =

Typical units


Vm D

volumemass m

V D

liquids and gases



1 a formula

water displacement

V = l ∙ w ∙ hV = p ∙ r2 ∙ h

V =

VfinalVinitial


2




Vm

D 3cm 20g 227

m

V D



33 cm 162

cmg

1135 m = D V = 184

3cmg

= 1135

g

V






19300 g

7720 cm3 or 772 L

425 lbs

3cmg


15 cm

18 cm

m

V D

m

V = p r2 h

Vm

D

= p (18 cm)2(15 cm)

= 15268

3cm 15268

g 1195 = 779

cm3


82 cm

51 cm

47 cm

m

V D

Vm

D


m

V = l w h

= 820 cm (510 cm)(470 cm)

3cmg

= 19655

3cm 19655

g 153 = 0778

cm3

lt 1 No it floats






D1

D2

D3

D4

D5

D1

D2

D3

D4

D5


liq

liqliq V

m D sohellip


mliq =


Vliq

mliq Dliq=

VliqDliq




a chemical reaction






reactants

methane + oxygen

+ H2O(g)

carbondioxide


water+

22

Reactants Products

NaOH(aq)

water


sodium

2 2


+ +

+ +

Reactants Products




Pmass = Rmass

=










Dominion Science


Slide 7

What is Chemistry

Slide 9

The Beginning

Alchemy

Slide 12

Slide 13

Slide 14

Slide 15

Areas of Chemistry


Slide 18



Slide 21





Toxicity


Chemical Exposure


Science


Corning Glass

Aluminum Mining

Slide 34

Slide 35




Slide 39

Types of Data






Slide 46



Slide 49


Graphs

Bar Graph

Pie Graph

Line Graph


Graphing HW



Scientific Notation

Slide 60


Slide 62

Slide 63


Slide 65

Slide 66

Slide 67

Slide 68

Slide 69

Percent Error

Percent Error (2)

Significant Figures

Practice Measuring




How many Sig Figs



Slide 80

Slide 81

Slide 82

Numerical Example

Slide 84


Slide 86

Slide 87


The Metric System







Slide 96

Slide 97

Slide 98

Slide 99

Slide 100


Slide 102

Slide 103

Slide 104

Slide 105

Slide 106


Slide 108

Slide 109

Slide 110

Slide 111


Slide 113

Slide 114

Slide 115







Dependent variable







Develophypothesis

Develophypothesis


experiment


experiment


conclusions


conclusions

Hypothesis IS

supported

Hypothesis IS

supported

Hypothesis is NOT

supported

Hypothesis is NOT

supported

Developtheory

Developtheory



Revisehypothesis

Revisehypothesis


Scientific Method





gravity



G m mF

r


Theory of Gravity

Atomic Theory



theory

-- eg





Graphs



0

2

4

6

8

10

A B C D F

Chemistry Grades

o

f st

ud

ents


Entertainment (40)

Food (25)

Clothing (20)

Savings (15)



0

10

20

30

40

50

60

Jan Feb Mar Apr

Month

Sh

are

Pri

ce (

$)






0123456789

10

120 140 160 180 200 220 240

Temp (K)

Vo

lum

e (

L)


1 title

3 neat

Graphing HW

TimeTotal Dist

cycled (km)8 am 0

9 am 12

10 am 23

11 am 33

noon 42

1 pm 50

2 pm 57

3 pm 63


0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80


Time (h)

Dis

tan

ce C

ycle

d (

km)








800 = 8 x 10 x 10

= 8 x 102

2531 = 2531 x 10 x 10 x 10

= 2531 x 103

00014 = 14 10 10 10

= 14 x 10ndash3



187 x 10ndash5 = 00000187

37 x 108 = 370000000

788 x 101 = 788

2164 x 10ndash2 = 002164


12340 = 1234 x 104

0369 = 369 x 10ndash1

0008 = 8 x 10ndash3

1000000000 = 1 x 109

602 x 1023 = 602000000000000000000000




6 EE 0 32 2

6 y x 0 32 2

x 16 0 2 EE 320

y x 32x 16 0 2 0

nothellip

orhellip

and nothellip


6 EE 0 32 2

WRONG

WRONG

TOO MUCH WORK


(before the number

after the number

or either one)



12 x 105 28 x 1019


=

1 2 EE 5

92 8 EE 1





ndash65 x 10ndash19

535 x 103 or 5350

29 x 1023


435 x 106 (123 x 10ndash3) =

576 x 10ndash16 986 x 10ndash4 =

88 x 1011 x 33 x 1011 =

584 x 10ndash13



8 m






eg vs 800 m vs 800000 m

0653 m


eg precisehellip

imprecisehellip

0652 m

0654 m

07 m

08 m

06 m




human error

method error

instrument error






measuring device is



Percent Error


001

accepted

alexperimenterror

accepted

your value




100gmL 136

gmL 136gmL 140error

error = 29


Significant Figures



235 cm


Practice Measuring

45 cm

454 cm

30 cm


cm0 1 2 3 4 5

cm0 1 2 3 4 5

cm0 1 2 3 4 5






A (255 mL) B (1637 mL) C (51 mL)

26

25 164

163

60

50








How many Sig Figs


25 g

0030 kg

1240560 x 106 mg

6 x 104 sec

24631 g

2006 cm

1050 m

012 kg

1240560 cm

6000000 kg

600 x 106 kg

409 cm

29200 dm

002500 g

2

2

7

1

5

4

4

2

7

1

3

3

5

4





SF found5282 x 342 = 1806444

rarr rounded to 487



255 mL + 1637 mL + 51 mL = 9287 mL

93 mL




756

0528396

387600

4200

84845E-4

76 756 75600

38760 x 105388000390000

0528400528053

85 x 10ndash4

42000 x 103 420 x 1034200

848 x 10ndash4 84845 x 10ndash4




064 kgms2

52 kg (29 m)

(18 s)(13 s)=

48 g (23 s)

(18 s)(37 s)= 017 g

s



x = z ndash y





x ndash 24 = 13 +24 +24

x = 37




Numerical Example

Solve for x F = k x

F = k xk k

x = Fk __


( )__1k

F = k x( )__1k

(or)



Numerical Example

Solve for x 8 = 7 x

8 = 7 x7 7


( )__17

8 = 7 x( )__17

(or)



87 __

Solve for x ___ x

BA = TRH

___

BAH = xTR




x =

1TR( )___1

TR( )___


P1 = 108 atm

P2 = 086 atm

V1 = 322 L

V2 = 143 L

T1 = 373 K

P1V1T2 =P2V2T1

____ T1

P1V1 = P2V2

T2

____

1P1V1

( )____ 1P1V1

( )____

T2 = P1V1

______P2V2T1

130T2 = (108 atm)(322 L)_____________________(086 atm)(143 L)(373 K)

= K



The Metric System

from

Indu

stry

Wee

k 1

981

Nov

embe

r 30


kilo hecto deca

Base Units

metergramliter

deci centi milli





mega- M 1000000 106

kilo- k 1000 103

deci- d 01 10-1

centi- c 001 10-2

milli- m 0001 10-3

micro- m 0000001 10-6

nano- n 0000000001 10-9




Also

1 mL = 1 cm3 and 1 L = 1 dm3





conversion factors

equality

or

132 m = 132 cm

1 m = 100 cm

______1 m100 cm




______1 m

100 cm

1 m100 cm

(or 001 m = 1 cm)


conversion factors

equality

or

872 cm = 00872 m

1 m = 100 cm

______1 m100 cm


______1 m

100 cm

1 m100 cm


15000 dm

= 15 km1000 m

1 km10 dm

1 m


= 378432 s1 h

60 min24 h1 d 1 min

60 s____( ) ( )____( )_____438 d



412 cm2


= 4120 mm2

1 cm2

102 mm2

( )2 ( )2

Simple Mathwith

Conversion Factors


A = L W

= (46 cm)(91 cm)

91 cm= 42 cm2 cm

46 cm

Convert to m2 42 cm2 ( )______100 cm

1 m 2 = 00042 m2


cmcm


Find volume

Length = 142 cm

Width = 86 cm

Height = 215 cm

V = L W H

= (142 cm)(86 cm)(215 cm)

= 2600 cm3


Density =

Typical units


Vm D

volumemass m

V D

liquids and gases



1 a formula

water displacement

V = l ∙ w ∙ hV = p ∙ r2 ∙ h

V =

VfinalVinitial


2




Vm

D 3cm 20g 227

m

V D



33 cm 162

cmg

1135 m = D V = 184

3cmg

= 1135

g

V






19300 g

7720 cm3 or 772 L

425 lbs

3cmg


15 cm

18 cm

m

V D

m

V = p r2 h

Vm

D

= p (18 cm)2(15 cm)

= 15268

3cm 15268

g 1195 = 779

cm3


82 cm

51 cm

47 cm

m

V D

Vm

D


m

V = l w h

= 820 cm (510 cm)(470 cm)

3cmg

= 19655

3cm 19655

g 153 = 0778

cm3

lt 1 No it floats






D1

D2

D3

D4

D5

D1

D2

D3

D4

D5


liq

liqliq V

m D sohellip


mliq =


Vliq

mliq Dliq=

VliqDliq




a chemical reaction






reactants

methane + oxygen

+ H2O(g)

carbondioxide


water+

22

Reactants Products

NaOH(aq)

water


sodium

2 2


+ +

+ +

Reactants Products




Pmass = Rmass

=










Dominion Science


Slide 7

What is Chemistry

Slide 9

The Beginning

Alchemy

Slide 12

Slide 13

Slide 14

Slide 15

Areas of Chemistry


Slide 18



Slide 21





Toxicity


Chemical Exposure


Science


Corning Glass

Aluminum Mining

Slide 34

Slide 35




Slide 39

Types of Data






Slide 46



Slide 49


Graphs

Bar Graph

Pie Graph

Line Graph


Graphing HW



Scientific Notation

Slide 60


Slide 62

Slide 63


Slide 65

Slide 66

Slide 67

Slide 68

Slide 69

Percent Error

Percent Error (2)

Significant Figures

Practice Measuring




How many Sig Figs



Slide 80

Slide 81

Slide 82

Numerical Example

Slide 84


Slide 86

Slide 87


The Metric System







Slide 96

Slide 97

Slide 98

Slide 99

Slide 100


Slide 102

Slide 103

Slide 104

Slide 105

Slide 106


Slide 108

Slide 109

Slide 110

Slide 111


Slide 113

Slide 114

Slide 115






Develophypothesis

Develophypothesis


experiment


experiment


conclusions


conclusions

Hypothesis IS

supported

Hypothesis IS

supported

Hypothesis is NOT

supported

Hypothesis is NOT

supported

Developtheory

Developtheory



Revisehypothesis

Revisehypothesis


Scientific Method





gravity



G m mF

r


Theory of Gravity

Atomic Theory



theory

-- eg





Graphs



0

2

4

6

8

10

A B C D F

Chemistry Grades

o

f st

ud

ents


Entertainment (40)

Food (25)

Clothing (20)

Savings (15)



0

10

20

30

40

50

60

Jan Feb Mar Apr

Month

Sh

are

Pri

ce (

$)






0123456789

10

120 140 160 180 200 220 240

Temp (K)

Vo

lum

e (

L)


1 title

3 neat

Graphing HW

TimeTotal Dist

cycled (km)8 am 0

9 am 12

10 am 23

11 am 33

noon 42

1 pm 50

2 pm 57

3 pm 63


0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80


Time (h)

Dis

tan

ce C

ycle

d (

km)








800 = 8 x 10 x 10

= 8 x 102

2531 = 2531 x 10 x 10 x 10

= 2531 x 103

00014 = 14 10 10 10

= 14 x 10ndash3



187 x 10ndash5 = 00000187

37 x 108 = 370000000

788 x 101 = 788

2164 x 10ndash2 = 002164


12340 = 1234 x 104

0369 = 369 x 10ndash1

0008 = 8 x 10ndash3

1000000000 = 1 x 109

602 x 1023 = 602000000000000000000000




6 EE 0 32 2

6 y x 0 32 2

x 16 0 2 EE 320

y x 32x 16 0 2 0

nothellip

orhellip

and nothellip


6 EE 0 32 2

WRONG

WRONG

TOO MUCH WORK


(before the number

after the number

or either one)



12 x 105 28 x 1019


=

1 2 EE 5

92 8 EE 1





ndash65 x 10ndash19

535 x 103 or 5350

29 x 1023


435 x 106 (123 x 10ndash3) =

576 x 10ndash16 986 x 10ndash4 =

88 x 1011 x 33 x 1011 =

584 x 10ndash13



8 m






eg vs 800 m vs 800000 m

0653 m


eg precisehellip

imprecisehellip

0652 m

0654 m

07 m

08 m

06 m




human error

method error

instrument error






measuring device is



Percent Error


001

accepted

alexperimenterror

accepted

your value




100gmL 136

gmL 136gmL 140error

error = 29


Significant Figures



235 cm


Practice Measuring

45 cm

454 cm

30 cm


cm0 1 2 3 4 5

cm0 1 2 3 4 5

cm0 1 2 3 4 5






A (255 mL) B (1637 mL) C (51 mL)

26

25 164

163

60

50








How many Sig Figs


25 g

0030 kg

1240560 x 106 mg

6 x 104 sec

24631 g

2006 cm

1050 m

012 kg

1240560 cm

6000000 kg

600 x 106 kg

409 cm

29200 dm

002500 g

2

2

7

1

5

4

4

2

7

1

3

3

5

4





SF found5282 x 342 = 1806444

rarr rounded to 487



255 mL + 1637 mL + 51 mL = 9287 mL

93 mL




756

0528396

387600

4200

84845E-4

76 756 75600

38760 x 105388000390000

0528400528053

85 x 10ndash4

42000 x 103 420 x 1034200

848 x 10ndash4 84845 x 10ndash4




064 kgms2

52 kg (29 m)

(18 s)(13 s)=

48 g (23 s)

(18 s)(37 s)= 017 g

s



x = z ndash y





x ndash 24 = 13 +24 +24

x = 37




Numerical Example

Solve for x F = k x

F = k xk k

x = Fk __


( )__1k

F = k x( )__1k

(or)



Numerical Example

Solve for x 8 = 7 x

8 = 7 x7 7


( )__17

8 = 7 x( )__17

(or)



87 __

Solve for x ___ x

BA = TRH

___

BAH = xTR




x =

1TR( )___1

TR( )___


P1 = 108 atm

P2 = 086 atm

V1 = 322 L

V2 = 143 L

T1 = 373 K

P1V1T2 =P2V2T1

____ T1

P1V1 = P2V2

T2

____

1P1V1

( )____ 1P1V1

( )____

T2 = P1V1

______P2V2T1

130T2 = (108 atm)(322 L)_____________________(086 atm)(143 L)(373 K)

= K



The Metric System

from

Indu

stry

Wee

k 1

981

Nov

embe

r 30


kilo hecto deca

Base Units

metergramliter

deci centi milli





mega- M 1000000 106

kilo- k 1000 103

deci- d 01 10-1

centi- c 001 10-2

milli- m 0001 10-3

micro- m 0000001 10-6

nano- n 0000000001 10-9




Also

1 mL = 1 cm3 and 1 L = 1 dm3





conversion factors

equality

or

132 m = 132 cm

1 m = 100 cm

______1 m100 cm




______1 m

100 cm

1 m100 cm

(or 001 m = 1 cm)


conversion factors

equality

or

872 cm = 00872 m

1 m = 100 cm

______1 m100 cm


______1 m

100 cm

1 m100 cm


15000 dm

= 15 km1000 m

1 km10 dm

1 m


= 378432 s1 h

60 min24 h1 d 1 min

60 s____( ) ( )____( )_____438 d



412 cm2


= 4120 mm2

1 cm2

102 mm2

( )2 ( )2

Simple Mathwith

Conversion Factors


A = L W

= (46 cm)(91 cm)

91 cm= 42 cm2 cm

46 cm

Convert to m2 42 cm2 ( )______100 cm

1 m 2 = 00042 m2


cmcm


Find volume

Length = 142 cm

Width = 86 cm

Height = 215 cm

V = L W H

= (142 cm)(86 cm)(215 cm)

= 2600 cm3


Density =

Typical units


Vm D

volumemass m

V D

liquids and gases



1 a formula

water displacement

V = l ∙ w ∙ hV = p ∙ r2 ∙ h

V =

VfinalVinitial


2




Vm

D 3cm 20g 227

m

V D



33 cm 162

cmg

1135 m = D V = 184

3cmg

= 1135

g

V






19300 g

7720 cm3 or 772 L

425 lbs

3cmg


15 cm

18 cm

m

V D

m

V = p r2 h

Vm

D

= p (18 cm)2(15 cm)

= 15268

3cm 15268

g 1195 = 779

cm3


82 cm

51 cm

47 cm

m

V D

Vm

D


m

V = l w h

= 820 cm (510 cm)(470 cm)

3cmg

= 19655

3cm 19655

g 153 = 0778

cm3

lt 1 No it floats






D1

D2

D3

D4

D5

D1

D2

D3

D4

D5


liq

liqliq V

m D sohellip


mliq =


Vliq

mliq Dliq=

VliqDliq




a chemical reaction






reactants

methane + oxygen

+ H2O(g)

carbondioxide


water+

22

Reactants Products

NaOH(aq)

water


sodium

2 2


+ +

+ +

Reactants Products




Pmass = Rmass

=










Dominion Science


Slide 7

What is Chemistry

Slide 9

The Beginning

Alchemy

Slide 12

Slide 13

Slide 14

Slide 15

Areas of Chemistry


Slide 18



Slide 21





Toxicity


Chemical Exposure


Science


Corning Glass

Aluminum Mining

Slide 34

Slide 35




Slide 39

Types of Data






Slide 46



Slide 49


Graphs

Bar Graph

Pie Graph

Line Graph


Graphing HW



Scientific Notation

Slide 60


Slide 62

Slide 63


Slide 65

Slide 66

Slide 67

Slide 68

Slide 69

Percent Error

Percent Error (2)

Significant Figures

Practice Measuring




How many Sig Figs



Slide 80

Slide 81

Slide 82

Numerical Example

Slide 84


Slide 86

Slide 87


The Metric System







Slide 96

Slide 97

Slide 98

Slide 99

Slide 100


Slide 102

Slide 103

Slide 104

Slide 105

Slide 106


Slide 108

Slide 109

Slide 110

Slide 111


Slide 113

Slide 114

Slide 115







gravity



G m mF

r


Theory of Gravity

Atomic Theory



theory

-- eg





Graphs



0

2

4

6

8

10

A B C D F

Chemistry Grades

o

f st

ud

ents


Entertainment (40)

Food (25)

Clothing (20)

Savings (15)



0

10

20

30

40

50

60

Jan Feb Mar Apr

Month

Sh

are

Pri

ce (

$)






0123456789

10

120 140 160 180 200 220 240

Temp (K)

Vo

lum

e (

L)


1 title

3 neat

Graphing HW

TimeTotal Dist

cycled (km)8 am 0

9 am 12

10 am 23

11 am 33

noon 42

1 pm 50

2 pm 57

3 pm 63


0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80


Time (h)

Dis

tan

ce C

ycle

d (

km)








800 = 8 x 10 x 10

= 8 x 102

2531 = 2531 x 10 x 10 x 10

= 2531 x 103

00014 = 14 10 10 10

= 14 x 10ndash3



187 x 10ndash5 = 00000187

37 x 108 = 370000000

788 x 101 = 788

2164 x 10ndash2 = 002164


12340 = 1234 x 104

0369 = 369 x 10ndash1

0008 = 8 x 10ndash3

1000000000 = 1 x 109

602 x 1023 = 602000000000000000000000




6 EE 0 32 2

6 y x 0 32 2

x 16 0 2 EE 320

y x 32x 16 0 2 0

nothellip

orhellip

and nothellip


6 EE 0 32 2

WRONG

WRONG

TOO MUCH WORK


(before the number

after the number

or either one)



12 x 105 28 x 1019


=

1 2 EE 5

92 8 EE 1





ndash65 x 10ndash19

535 x 103 or 5350

29 x 1023


435 x 106 (123 x 10ndash3) =

576 x 10ndash16 986 x 10ndash4 =

88 x 1011 x 33 x 1011 =

584 x 10ndash13



8 m






eg vs 800 m vs 800000 m

0653 m


eg precisehellip

imprecisehellip

0652 m

0654 m

07 m

08 m

06 m




human error

method error

instrument error






measuring device is



Percent Error


001

accepted

alexperimenterror

accepted

your value




100gmL 136

gmL 136gmL 140error

error = 29


Significant Figures



235 cm


Practice Measuring

45 cm

454 cm

30 cm


cm0 1 2 3 4 5

cm0 1 2 3 4 5

cm0 1 2 3 4 5






A (255 mL) B (1637 mL) C (51 mL)

26

25 164

163

60

50








How many Sig Figs


25 g

0030 kg

1240560 x 106 mg

6 x 104 sec

24631 g

2006 cm

1050 m

012 kg

1240560 cm

6000000 kg

600 x 106 kg

409 cm

29200 dm

002500 g

2

2

7

1

5

4

4

2

7

1

3

3

5

4





SF found5282 x 342 = 1806444

rarr rounded to 487



255 mL + 1637 mL + 51 mL = 9287 mL

93 mL




756

0528396

387600

4200

84845E-4

76 756 75600

38760 x 105388000390000

0528400528053

85 x 10ndash4

42000 x 103 420 x 1034200

848 x 10ndash4 84845 x 10ndash4




064 kgms2

52 kg (29 m)

(18 s)(13 s)=

48 g (23 s)

(18 s)(37 s)= 017 g

s



x = z ndash y





x ndash 24 = 13 +24 +24

x = 37




Numerical Example

Solve for x F = k x

F = k xk k

x = Fk __


( )__1k

F = k x( )__1k

(or)



Numerical Example

Solve for x 8 = 7 x

8 = 7 x7 7


( )__17

8 = 7 x( )__17

(or)



87 __

Solve for x ___ x

BA = TRH

___

BAH = xTR




x =

1TR( )___1

TR( )___


P1 = 108 atm

P2 = 086 atm

V1 = 322 L

V2 = 143 L

T1 = 373 K

P1V1T2 =P2V2T1

____ T1

P1V1 = P2V2

T2

____

1P1V1

( )____ 1P1V1

( )____

T2 = P1V1

______P2V2T1

130T2 = (108 atm)(322 L)_____________________(086 atm)(143 L)(373 K)

= K



The Metric System

from

Indu

stry

Wee

k 1

981

Nov

embe

r 30


kilo hecto deca

Base Units

metergramliter

deci centi milli





mega- M 1000000 106

kilo- k 1000 103

deci- d 01 10-1

centi- c 001 10-2

milli- m 0001 10-3

micro- m 0000001 10-6

nano- n 0000000001 10-9




Also

1 mL = 1 cm3 and 1 L = 1 dm3





conversion factors

equality

or

132 m = 132 cm

1 m = 100 cm

______1 m100 cm




______1 m

100 cm

1 m100 cm

(or 001 m = 1 cm)


conversion factors

equality

or

872 cm = 00872 m

1 m = 100 cm

______1 m100 cm


______1 m

100 cm

1 m100 cm


15000 dm

= 15 km1000 m

1 km10 dm

1 m


= 378432 s1 h

60 min24 h1 d 1 min

60 s____( ) ( )____( )_____438 d



412 cm2


= 4120 mm2

1 cm2

102 mm2

( )2 ( )2

Simple Mathwith

Conversion Factors


A = L W

= (46 cm)(91 cm)

91 cm= 42 cm2 cm

46 cm

Convert to m2 42 cm2 ( )______100 cm

1 m 2 = 00042 m2


cmcm


Find volume

Length = 142 cm

Width = 86 cm

Height = 215 cm

V = L W H

= (142 cm)(86 cm)(215 cm)

= 2600 cm3


Density =

Typical units


Vm D

volumemass m

V D

liquids and gases



1 a formula

water displacement

V = l ∙ w ∙ hV = p ∙ r2 ∙ h

V =

VfinalVinitial


2




Vm

D 3cm 20g 227

m

V D



33 cm 162

cmg

1135 m = D V = 184

3cmg

= 1135

g

V






19300 g

7720 cm3 or 772 L

425 lbs

3cmg


15 cm

18 cm

m

V D

m

V = p r2 h

Vm

D

= p (18 cm)2(15 cm)

= 15268

3cm 15268

g 1195 = 779

cm3


82 cm

51 cm

47 cm

m

V D

Vm

D


m

V = l w h

= 820 cm (510 cm)(470 cm)

3cmg

= 19655

3cm 19655

g 153 = 0778

cm3

lt 1 No it floats






D1

D2

D3

D4

D5

D1

D2

D3

D4

D5


liq

liqliq V

m D sohellip


mliq =


Vliq

mliq Dliq=

VliqDliq




a chemical reaction






reactants

methane + oxygen

+ H2O(g)

carbondioxide


water+

22

Reactants Products

NaOH(aq)

water


sodium

2 2


+ +

+ +

Reactants Products




Pmass = Rmass

=










Dominion Science


Slide 7

What is Chemistry

Slide 9

The Beginning

Alchemy

Slide 12

Slide 13

Slide 14

Slide 15

Areas of Chemistry


Slide 18



Slide 21





Toxicity


Chemical Exposure


Science


Corning Glass

Aluminum Mining

Slide 34

Slide 35




Slide 39

Types of Data






Slide 46



Slide 49


Graphs

Bar Graph

Pie Graph

Line Graph


Graphing HW



Scientific Notation

Slide 60


Slide 62

Slide 63


Slide 65

Slide 66

Slide 67

Slide 68

Slide 69

Percent Error

Percent Error (2)

Significant Figures

Practice Measuring




How many Sig Figs



Slide 80

Slide 81

Slide 82

Numerical Example

Slide 84


Slide 86

Slide 87


The Metric System







Slide 96

Slide 97

Slide 98

Slide 99

Slide 100


Slide 102

Slide 103

Slide 104

Slide 105

Slide 106


Slide 108

Slide 109

Slide 110

Slide 111


Slide 113

Slide 114

Slide 115



Theory of Gravity

Atomic Theory



theory

-- eg





Graphs



0

2

4

6

8

10

A B C D F

Chemistry Grades

o

f st

ud

ents


Entertainment (40)

Food (25)

Clothing (20)

Savings (15)



0

10

20

30

40

50

60

Jan Feb Mar Apr

Month

Sh

are

Pri

ce (

$)






0123456789

10

120 140 160 180 200 220 240

Temp (K)

Vo

lum

e (

L)


1 title

3 neat

Graphing HW

TimeTotal Dist

cycled (km)8 am 0

9 am 12

10 am 23

11 am 33

noon 42

1 pm 50

2 pm 57

3 pm 63


0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80


Time (h)

Dis

tan

ce C

ycle

d (

km)








800 = 8 x 10 x 10

= 8 x 102

2531 = 2531 x 10 x 10 x 10

= 2531 x 103

00014 = 14 10 10 10

= 14 x 10ndash3



187 x 10ndash5 = 00000187

37 x 108 = 370000000

788 x 101 = 788

2164 x 10ndash2 = 002164


12340 = 1234 x 104

0369 = 369 x 10ndash1

0008 = 8 x 10ndash3

1000000000 = 1 x 109

602 x 1023 = 602000000000000000000000




6 EE 0 32 2

6 y x 0 32 2

x 16 0 2 EE 320

y x 32x 16 0 2 0

nothellip

orhellip

and nothellip


6 EE 0 32 2

WRONG

WRONG

TOO MUCH WORK


(before the number

after the number

or either one)



12 x 105 28 x 1019


=

1 2 EE 5

92 8 EE 1





ndash65 x 10ndash19

535 x 103 or 5350

29 x 1023


435 x 106 (123 x 10ndash3) =

576 x 10ndash16 986 x 10ndash4 =

88 x 1011 x 33 x 1011 =

584 x 10ndash13



8 m






eg vs 800 m vs 800000 m

0653 m


eg precisehellip

imprecisehellip

0652 m

0654 m

07 m

08 m

06 m




human error

method error

instrument error






measuring device is



Percent Error


001

accepted

alexperimenterror

accepted

your value




100gmL 136

gmL 136gmL 140error

error = 29


Significant Figures



235 cm


Practice Measuring

45 cm

454 cm

30 cm


cm0 1 2 3 4 5

cm0 1 2 3 4 5

cm0 1 2 3 4 5






A (255 mL) B (1637 mL) C (51 mL)

26

25 164

163

60

50








How many Sig Figs


25 g

0030 kg

1240560 x 106 mg

6 x 104 sec

24631 g

2006 cm

1050 m

012 kg

1240560 cm

6000000 kg

600 x 106 kg

409 cm

29200 dm

002500 g

2

2

7

1

5

4

4

2

7

1

3

3

5

4





SF found5282 x 342 = 1806444

rarr rounded to 487



255 mL + 1637 mL + 51 mL = 9287 mL

93 mL




756

0528396

387600

4200

84845E-4

76 756 75600

38760 x 105388000390000

0528400528053

85 x 10ndash4

42000 x 103 420 x 1034200

848 x 10ndash4 84845 x 10ndash4




064 kgms2

52 kg (29 m)

(18 s)(13 s)=

48 g (23 s)

(18 s)(37 s)= 017 g

s



x = z ndash y





x ndash 24 = 13 +24 +24

x = 37




Numerical Example

Solve for x F = k x

F = k xk k

x = Fk __


( )__1k

F = k x( )__1k

(or)



Numerical Example

Solve for x 8 = 7 x

8 = 7 x7 7


( )__17

8 = 7 x( )__17

(or)



87 __

Solve for x ___ x

BA = TRH

___

BAH = xTR




x =

1TR( )___1

TR( )___


P1 = 108 atm

P2 = 086 atm

V1 = 322 L

V2 = 143 L

T1 = 373 K

P1V1T2 =P2V2T1

____ T1

P1V1 = P2V2

T2

____

1P1V1

( )____ 1P1V1

( )____

T2 = P1V1

______P2V2T1

130T2 = (108 atm)(322 L)_____________________(086 atm)(143 L)(373 K)

= K



The Metric System

from

Indu

stry

Wee

k 1

981

Nov

embe

r 30


kilo hecto deca

Base Units

metergramliter

deci centi milli





mega- M 1000000 106

kilo- k 1000 103

deci- d 01 10-1

centi- c 001 10-2

milli- m 0001 10-3

micro- m 0000001 10-6

nano- n 0000000001 10-9




Also

1 mL = 1 cm3 and 1 L = 1 dm3





conversion factors

equality

or

132 m = 132 cm

1 m = 100 cm

______1 m100 cm




______1 m

100 cm

1 m100 cm

(or 001 m = 1 cm)


conversion factors

equality

or

872 cm = 00872 m

1 m = 100 cm

______1 m100 cm


______1 m

100 cm

1 m100 cm


15000 dm

= 15 km1000 m

1 km10 dm

1 m


= 378432 s1 h

60 min24 h1 d 1 min

60 s____( ) ( )____( )_____438 d



412 cm2


= 4120 mm2

1 cm2

102 mm2

( )2 ( )2

Simple Mathwith

Conversion Factors


A = L W

= (46 cm)(91 cm)

91 cm= 42 cm2 cm

46 cm

Convert to m2 42 cm2 ( )______100 cm

1 m 2 = 00042 m2


cmcm


Find volume

Length = 142 cm

Width = 86 cm

Height = 215 cm

V = L W H

= (142 cm)(86 cm)(215 cm)

= 2600 cm3


Density =

Typical units


Vm D

volumemass m

V D

liquids and gases



1 a formula

water displacement

V = l ∙ w ∙ hV = p ∙ r2 ∙ h

V =

VfinalVinitial


2




Vm

D 3cm 20g 227

m

V D



33 cm 162

cmg

1135 m = D V = 184

3cmg

= 1135

g

V






19300 g

7720 cm3 or 772 L

425 lbs

3cmg


15 cm

18 cm

m

V D

m

V = p r2 h

Vm

D

= p (18 cm)2(15 cm)

= 15268

3cm 15268

g 1195 = 779

cm3


82 cm

51 cm

47 cm

m

V D

Vm

D


m

V = l w h

= 820 cm (510 cm)(470 cm)

3cmg

= 19655

3cm 19655

g 153 = 0778

cm3

lt 1 No it floats






D1

D2

D3

D4

D5

D1

D2

D3

D4

D5


liq

liqliq V

m D sohellip


mliq =


Vliq

mliq Dliq=

VliqDliq




a chemical reaction






reactants

methane + oxygen

+ H2O(g)

carbondioxide


water+

22

Reactants Products

NaOH(aq)

water


sodium

2 2


+ +

+ +

Reactants Products




Pmass = Rmass

=










Dominion Science


Slide 7

What is Chemistry

Slide 9

The Beginning

Alchemy

Slide 12

Slide 13

Slide 14

Slide 15

Areas of Chemistry


Slide 18



Slide 21





Toxicity


Chemical Exposure


Science


Corning Glass

Aluminum Mining

Slide 34

Slide 35




Slide 39

Types of Data






Slide 46



Slide 49


Graphs

Bar Graph

Pie Graph

Line Graph


Graphing HW



Scientific Notation

Slide 60


Slide 62

Slide 63


Slide 65

Slide 66

Slide 67

Slide 68

Slide 69

Percent Error

Percent Error (2)

Significant Figures

Practice Measuring




How many Sig Figs



Slide 80

Slide 81

Slide 82

Numerical Example

Slide 84


Slide 86

Slide 87


The Metric System







Slide 96

Slide 97

Slide 98

Slide 99

Slide 100


Slide 102

Slide 103

Slide 104

Slide 105

Slide 106


Slide 108

Slide 109

Slide 110

Slide 111


Slide 113

Slide 114

Slide 115




Graphs



0

2

4

6

8

10

A B C D F

Chemistry Grades

o

f st

ud

ents


Entertainment (40)

Food (25)

Clothing (20)

Savings (15)



0

10

20

30

40

50

60

Jan Feb Mar Apr

Month

Sh

are

Pri

ce (

$)






0123456789

10

120 140 160 180 200 220 240

Temp (K)

Vo

lum

e (

L)


1 title

3 neat

Graphing HW

TimeTotal Dist

cycled (km)8 am 0

9 am 12

10 am 23

11 am 33

noon 42

1 pm 50

2 pm 57

3 pm 63


0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80


Time (h)

Dis

tan

ce C

ycle

d (

km)








800 = 8 x 10 x 10

= 8 x 102

2531 = 2531 x 10 x 10 x 10

= 2531 x 103

00014 = 14 10 10 10

= 14 x 10ndash3



187 x 10ndash5 = 00000187

37 x 108 = 370000000

788 x 101 = 788

2164 x 10ndash2 = 002164


12340 = 1234 x 104

0369 = 369 x 10ndash1

0008 = 8 x 10ndash3

1000000000 = 1 x 109

602 x 1023 = 602000000000000000000000




6 EE 0 32 2

6 y x 0 32 2

x 16 0 2 EE 320

y x 32x 16 0 2 0

nothellip

orhellip

and nothellip


6 EE 0 32 2

WRONG

WRONG

TOO MUCH WORK


(before the number

after the number

or either one)



12 x 105 28 x 1019


=

1 2 EE 5

92 8 EE 1





ndash65 x 10ndash19

535 x 103 or 5350

29 x 1023


435 x 106 (123 x 10ndash3) =

576 x 10ndash16 986 x 10ndash4 =

88 x 1011 x 33 x 1011 =

584 x 10ndash13



8 m






eg vs 800 m vs 800000 m

0653 m


eg precisehellip

imprecisehellip

0652 m

0654 m

07 m

08 m

06 m




human error

method error

instrument error






measuring device is



Percent Error


001

accepted

alexperimenterror

accepted

your value




100gmL 136

gmL 136gmL 140error

error = 29


Significant Figures



235 cm


Practice Measuring

45 cm

454 cm

30 cm


cm0 1 2 3 4 5

cm0 1 2 3 4 5

cm0 1 2 3 4 5






A (255 mL) B (1637 mL) C (51 mL)

26

25 164

163

60

50








How many Sig Figs


25 g

0030 kg

1240560 x 106 mg

6 x 104 sec

24631 g

2006 cm

1050 m

012 kg

1240560 cm

6000000 kg

600 x 106 kg

409 cm

29200 dm

002500 g

2

2

7

1

5

4

4

2

7

1

3

3

5

4





SF found5282 x 342 = 1806444

rarr rounded to 487



255 mL + 1637 mL + 51 mL = 9287 mL

93 mL




756

0528396

387600

4200

84845E-4

76 756 75600

38760 x 105388000390000

0528400528053

85 x 10ndash4

42000 x 103 420 x 1034200

848 x 10ndash4 84845 x 10ndash4




064 kgms2

52 kg (29 m)

(18 s)(13 s)=

48 g (23 s)

(18 s)(37 s)= 017 g

s



x = z ndash y





x ndash 24 = 13 +24 +24

x = 37




Numerical Example

Solve for x F = k x

F = k xk k

x = Fk __


( )__1k

F = k x( )__1k

(or)



Numerical Example

Solve for x 8 = 7 x

8 = 7 x7 7


( )__17

8 = 7 x( )__17

(or)



87 __

Solve for x ___ x

BA = TRH

___

BAH = xTR




x =

1TR( )___1

TR( )___


P1 = 108 atm

P2 = 086 atm

V1 = 322 L

V2 = 143 L

T1 = 373 K

P1V1T2 =P2V2T1

____ T1

P1V1 = P2V2

T2

____

1P1V1

( )____ 1P1V1

( )____

T2 = P1V1

______P2V2T1

130T2 = (108 atm)(322 L)_____________________(086 atm)(143 L)(373 K)

= K



The Metric System

from

Indu

stry

Wee

k 1

981

Nov

embe

r 30


kilo hecto deca

Base Units

metergramliter

deci centi milli





mega- M 1000000 106

kilo- k 1000 103

deci- d 01 10-1

centi- c 001 10-2

milli- m 0001 10-3

micro- m 0000001 10-6

nano- n 0000000001 10-9




Also

1 mL = 1 cm3 and 1 L = 1 dm3





conversion factors

equality

or

132 m = 132 cm

1 m = 100 cm

______1 m100 cm




______1 m

100 cm

1 m100 cm

(or 001 m = 1 cm)


conversion factors

equality

or

872 cm = 00872 m

1 m = 100 cm

______1 m100 cm


______1 m

100 cm

1 m100 cm


15000 dm

= 15 km1000 m

1 km10 dm

1 m


= 378432 s1 h

60 min24 h1 d 1 min

60 s____( ) ( )____( )_____438 d



412 cm2


= 4120 mm2

1 cm2

102 mm2

( )2 ( )2

Simple Mathwith

Conversion Factors


A = L W

= (46 cm)(91 cm)

91 cm= 42 cm2 cm

46 cm

Convert to m2 42 cm2 ( )______100 cm

1 m 2 = 00042 m2


cmcm


Find volume

Length = 142 cm

Width = 86 cm

Height = 215 cm

V = L W H

= (142 cm)(86 cm)(215 cm)

= 2600 cm3


Density =

Typical units


Vm D

volumemass m

V D

liquids and gases



1 a formula

water displacement

V = l ∙ w ∙ hV = p ∙ r2 ∙ h

V =

VfinalVinitial


2




Vm

D 3cm 20g 227

m

V D



33 cm 162

cmg

1135 m = D V = 184

3cmg

= 1135

g

V






19300 g

7720 cm3 or 772 L

425 lbs

3cmg


15 cm

18 cm

m

V D

m

V = p r2 h

Vm

D

= p (18 cm)2(15 cm)

= 15268

3cm 15268

g 1195 = 779

cm3


82 cm

51 cm

47 cm

m

V D

Vm

D


m

V = l w h

= 820 cm (510 cm)(470 cm)

3cmg

= 19655

3cm 19655

g 153 = 0778

cm3

lt 1 No it floats






D1

D2

D3

D4

D5

D1

D2

D3

D4

D5


liq

liqliq V

m D sohellip


mliq =


Vliq

mliq Dliq=

VliqDliq




a chemical reaction






reactants

methane + oxygen

+ H2O(g)

carbondioxide


water+

22

Reactants Products

NaOH(aq)

water


sodium

2 2


+ +

+ +

Reactants Products




Pmass = Rmass

=










Dominion Science


Slide 7

What is Chemistry

Slide 9

The Beginning

Alchemy

Slide 12

Slide 13

Slide 14

Slide 15

Areas of Chemistry


Slide 18



Slide 21





Toxicity


Chemical Exposure


Science


Corning Glass

Aluminum Mining

Slide 34

Slide 35




Slide 39

Types of Data






Slide 46



Slide 49


Graphs

Bar Graph

Pie Graph

Line Graph


Graphing HW



Scientific Notation

Slide 60


Slide 62

Slide 63


Slide 65

Slide 66

Slide 67

Slide 68

Slide 69

Percent Error

Percent Error (2)

Significant Figures

Practice Measuring




How many Sig Figs



Slide 80

Slide 81

Slide 82

Numerical Example

Slide 84


Slide 86

Slide 87


The Metric System







Slide 96

Slide 97

Slide 98

Slide 99

Slide 100


Slide 102

Slide 103

Slide 104

Slide 105

Slide 106


Slide 108

Slide 109

Slide 110

Slide 111


Slide 113

Slide 114

Slide 115





0

2

4

6

8

10

A B C D F

Chemistry Grades

o

f st

ud

ents


Entertainment (40)

Food (25)

Clothing (20)

Savings (15)



0

10

20

30

40

50

60

Jan Feb Mar Apr

Month

Sh

are

Pri

ce (

$)






0123456789

10

120 140 160 180 200 220 240

Temp (K)

Vo

lum

e (

L)


1 title

3 neat

Graphing HW

TimeTotal Dist

cycled (km)8 am 0

9 am 12

10 am 23

11 am 33

noon 42

1 pm 50

2 pm 57

3 pm 63


0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80


Time (h)

Dis

tan

ce C

ycle

d (

km)








800 = 8 x 10 x 10

= 8 x 102

2531 = 2531 x 10 x 10 x 10

= 2531 x 103

00014 = 14 10 10 10

= 14 x 10ndash3



187 x 10ndash5 = 00000187

37 x 108 = 370000000

788 x 101 = 788

2164 x 10ndash2 = 002164


12340 = 1234 x 104

0369 = 369 x 10ndash1

0008 = 8 x 10ndash3

1000000000 = 1 x 109

602 x 1023 = 602000000000000000000000




6 EE 0 32 2

6 y x 0 32 2

x 16 0 2 EE 320

y x 32x 16 0 2 0

nothellip

orhellip

and nothellip


6 EE 0 32 2

WRONG

WRONG

TOO MUCH WORK


(before the number

after the number

or either one)



12 x 105 28 x 1019


=

1 2 EE 5

92 8 EE 1





ndash65 x 10ndash19

535 x 103 or 5350

29 x 1023


435 x 106 (123 x 10ndash3) =

576 x 10ndash16 986 x 10ndash4 =

88 x 1011 x 33 x 1011 =

584 x 10ndash13



8 m






eg vs 800 m vs 800000 m

0653 m


eg precisehellip

imprecisehellip

0652 m

0654 m

07 m

08 m

06 m




human error

method error

instrument error






measuring device is



Percent Error


001

accepted

alexperimenterror

accepted

your value




100gmL 136

gmL 136gmL 140error

error = 29


Significant Figures



235 cm


Practice Measuring

45 cm

454 cm

30 cm


cm0 1 2 3 4 5

cm0 1 2 3 4 5

cm0 1 2 3 4 5






A (255 mL) B (1637 mL) C (51 mL)

26

25 164

163

60

50








How many Sig Figs


25 g

0030 kg

1240560 x 106 mg

6 x 104 sec

24631 g

2006 cm

1050 m

012 kg

1240560 cm

6000000 kg

600 x 106 kg

409 cm

29200 dm

002500 g

2

2

7

1

5

4

4

2

7

1

3

3

5

4





SF found5282 x 342 = 1806444

rarr rounded to 487



255 mL + 1637 mL + 51 mL = 9287 mL

93 mL




756

0528396

387600

4200

84845E-4

76 756 75600

38760 x 105388000390000

0528400528053

85 x 10ndash4

42000 x 103 420 x 1034200

848 x 10ndash4 84845 x 10ndash4




064 kgms2

52 kg (29 m)

(18 s)(13 s)=

48 g (23 s)

(18 s)(37 s)= 017 g

s



x = z ndash y





x ndash 24 = 13 +24 +24

x = 37




Numerical Example

Solve for x F = k x

F = k xk k

x = Fk __


( )__1k

F = k x( )__1k

(or)



Numerical Example

Solve for x 8 = 7 x

8 = 7 x7 7


( )__17

8 = 7 x( )__17

(or)



87 __

Solve for x ___ x

BA = TRH

___

BAH = xTR




x =

1TR( )___1

TR( )___


P1 = 108 atm

P2 = 086 atm

V1 = 322 L

V2 = 143 L

T1 = 373 K

P1V1T2 =P2V2T1

____ T1

P1V1 = P2V2

T2

____

1P1V1

( )____ 1P1V1

( )____

T2 = P1V1

______P2V2T1

130T2 = (108 atm)(322 L)_____________________(086 atm)(143 L)(373 K)

= K



The Metric System

from

Indu

stry

Wee

k 1

981

Nov

embe

r 30


kilo hecto deca

Base Units

metergramliter

deci centi milli





mega- M 1000000 106

kilo- k 1000 103

deci- d 01 10-1

centi- c 001 10-2

milli- m 0001 10-3

micro- m 0000001 10-6

nano- n 0000000001 10-9




Also

1 mL = 1 cm3 and 1 L = 1 dm3





conversion factors

equality

or

132 m = 132 cm

1 m = 100 cm

______1 m100 cm




______1 m

100 cm

1 m100 cm

(or 001 m = 1 cm)


conversion factors

equality

or

872 cm = 00872 m

1 m = 100 cm

______1 m100 cm


______1 m

100 cm

1 m100 cm


15000 dm

= 15 km1000 m

1 km10 dm

1 m


= 378432 s1 h

60 min24 h1 d 1 min

60 s____( ) ( )____( )_____438 d



412 cm2


= 4120 mm2

1 cm2

102 mm2

( )2 ( )2

Simple Mathwith

Conversion Factors


A = L W

= (46 cm)(91 cm)

91 cm= 42 cm2 cm

46 cm

Convert to m2 42 cm2 ( )______100 cm

1 m 2 = 00042 m2


cmcm


Find volume

Length = 142 cm

Width = 86 cm

Height = 215 cm

V = L W H

= (142 cm)(86 cm)(215 cm)

= 2600 cm3


Density =

Typical units


Vm D

volumemass m

V D

liquids and gases



1 a formula

water displacement

V = l ∙ w ∙ hV = p ∙ r2 ∙ h

V =

VfinalVinitial


2




Vm

D 3cm 20g 227

m

V D



33 cm 162

cmg

1135 m = D V = 184

3cmg

= 1135

g

V






19300 g

7720 cm3 or 772 L

425 lbs

3cmg


15 cm

18 cm

m

V D

m

V = p r2 h

Vm

D

= p (18 cm)2(15 cm)

= 15268

3cm 15268

g 1195 = 779

cm3


82 cm

51 cm

47 cm

m

V D

Vm

D


m

V = l w h

= 820 cm (510 cm)(470 cm)

3cmg

= 19655

3cm 19655

g 153 = 0778

cm3

lt 1 No it floats






D1

D2

D3

D4

D5

D1

D2

D3

D4

D5


liq

liqliq V

m D sohellip


mliq =


Vliq

mliq Dliq=

VliqDliq




a chemical reaction






reactants

methane + oxygen

+ H2O(g)

carbondioxide


water+

22

Reactants Products

NaOH(aq)

water


sodium

2 2


+ +

+ +

Reactants Products




Pmass = Rmass

=










Dominion Science


Slide 7

What is Chemistry

Slide 9

The Beginning

Alchemy

Slide 12

Slide 13

Slide 14

Slide 15

Areas of Chemistry


Slide 18



Slide 21





Toxicity


Chemical Exposure


Science


Corning Glass

Aluminum Mining

Slide 34

Slide 35




Slide 39

Types of Data






Slide 46



Slide 49


Graphs

Bar Graph

Pie Graph

Line Graph


Graphing HW



Scientific Notation

Slide 60


Slide 62

Slide 63


Slide 65

Slide 66

Slide 67

Slide 68

Slide 69

Percent Error

Percent Error (2)

Significant Figures

Practice Measuring




How many Sig Figs



Slide 80

Slide 81

Slide 82

Numerical Example

Slide 84


Slide 86

Slide 87


The Metric System







Slide 96

Slide 97

Slide 98

Slide 99

Slide 100


Slide 102

Slide 103

Slide 104

Slide 105

Slide 106


Slide 108

Slide 109

Slide 110

Slide 111


Slide 113

Slide 114

Slide 115




Entertainment (40)

Food (25)

Clothing (20)

Savings (15)



0

10

20

30

40

50

60

Jan Feb Mar Apr

Month

Sh

are

Pri

ce (

$)






0123456789

10

120 140 160 180 200 220 240

Temp (K)

Vo

lum

e (

L)


1 title

3 neat

Graphing HW

TimeTotal Dist

cycled (km)8 am 0

9 am 12

10 am 23

11 am 33

noon 42

1 pm 50

2 pm 57

3 pm 63


0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80


Time (h)

Dis

tan

ce C

ycle

d (

km)








800 = 8 x 10 x 10

= 8 x 102

2531 = 2531 x 10 x 10 x 10

= 2531 x 103

00014 = 14 10 10 10

= 14 x 10ndash3



187 x 10ndash5 = 00000187

37 x 108 = 370000000

788 x 101 = 788

2164 x 10ndash2 = 002164


12340 = 1234 x 104

0369 = 369 x 10ndash1

0008 = 8 x 10ndash3

1000000000 = 1 x 109

602 x 1023 = 602000000000000000000000




6 EE 0 32 2

6 y x 0 32 2

x 16 0 2 EE 320

y x 32x 16 0 2 0

nothellip

orhellip

and nothellip


6 EE 0 32 2

WRONG

WRONG

TOO MUCH WORK


(before the number

after the number

or either one)



12 x 105 28 x 1019


=

1 2 EE 5

92 8 EE 1





ndash65 x 10ndash19

535 x 103 or 5350

29 x 1023


435 x 106 (123 x 10ndash3) =

576 x 10ndash16 986 x 10ndash4 =

88 x 1011 x 33 x 1011 =

584 x 10ndash13



8 m






eg vs 800 m vs 800000 m

0653 m


eg precisehellip

imprecisehellip

0652 m

0654 m

07 m

08 m

06 m




human error

method error

instrument error






measuring device is



Percent Error


001

accepted

alexperimenterror

accepted

your value




100gmL 136

gmL 136gmL 140error

error = 29


Significant Figures



235 cm


Practice Measuring

45 cm

454 cm

30 cm


cm0 1 2 3 4 5

cm0 1 2 3 4 5

cm0 1 2 3 4 5






A (255 mL) B (1637 mL) C (51 mL)

26

25 164

163

60

50








How many Sig Figs


25 g

0030 kg

1240560 x 106 mg

6 x 104 sec

24631 g

2006 cm

1050 m

012 kg

1240560 cm

6000000 kg

600 x 106 kg

409 cm

29200 dm

002500 g

2

2

7

1

5

4

4

2

7

1

3

3

5

4





SF found5282 x 342 = 1806444

rarr rounded to 487



255 mL + 1637 mL + 51 mL = 9287 mL

93 mL




756

0528396

387600

4200

84845E-4

76 756 75600

38760 x 105388000390000

0528400528053

85 x 10ndash4

42000 x 103 420 x 1034200

848 x 10ndash4 84845 x 10ndash4




064 kgms2

52 kg (29 m)

(18 s)(13 s)=

48 g (23 s)

(18 s)(37 s)= 017 g

s



x = z ndash y





x ndash 24 = 13 +24 +24

x = 37




Numerical Example

Solve for x F = k x

F = k xk k

x = Fk __


( )__1k

F = k x( )__1k

(or)



Numerical Example

Solve for x 8 = 7 x

8 = 7 x7 7


( )__17

8 = 7 x( )__17

(or)



87 __

Solve for x ___ x

BA = TRH

___

BAH = xTR




x =

1TR( )___1

TR( )___


P1 = 108 atm

P2 = 086 atm

V1 = 322 L

V2 = 143 L

T1 = 373 K

P1V1T2 =P2V2T1

____ T1

P1V1 = P2V2

T2

____

1P1V1

( )____ 1P1V1

( )____

T2 = P1V1

______P2V2T1

130T2 = (108 atm)(322 L)_____________________(086 atm)(143 L)(373 K)

= K



The Metric System

from

Indu

stry

Wee

k 1

981

Nov

embe

r 30


kilo hecto deca

Base Units

metergramliter

deci centi milli





mega- M 1000000 106

kilo- k 1000 103

deci- d 01 10-1

centi- c 001 10-2

milli- m 0001 10-3

micro- m 0000001 10-6

nano- n 0000000001 10-9




Also

1 mL = 1 cm3 and 1 L = 1 dm3





conversion factors

equality

or

132 m = 132 cm

1 m = 100 cm

______1 m100 cm




______1 m

100 cm

1 m100 cm

(or 001 m = 1 cm)


conversion factors

equality

or

872 cm = 00872 m

1 m = 100 cm

______1 m100 cm


______1 m

100 cm

1 m100 cm


15000 dm

= 15 km1000 m

1 km10 dm

1 m


= 378432 s1 h

60 min24 h1 d 1 min

60 s____( ) ( )____( )_____438 d



412 cm2


= 4120 mm2

1 cm2

102 mm2

( )2 ( )2

Simple Mathwith

Conversion Factors


A = L W

= (46 cm)(91 cm)

91 cm= 42 cm2 cm

46 cm

Convert to m2 42 cm2 ( )______100 cm

1 m 2 = 00042 m2


cmcm


Find volume

Length = 142 cm

Width = 86 cm

Height = 215 cm

V = L W H

= (142 cm)(86 cm)(215 cm)

= 2600 cm3


Density =

Typical units


Vm D

volumemass m

V D

liquids and gases



1 a formula

water displacement

V = l ∙ w ∙ hV = p ∙ r2 ∙ h

V =

VfinalVinitial


2




Vm

D 3cm 20g 227

m

V D



33 cm 162

cmg

1135 m = D V = 184

3cmg

= 1135

g

V






19300 g

7720 cm3 or 772 L

425 lbs

3cmg


15 cm

18 cm

m

V D

m

V = p r2 h

Vm

D

= p (18 cm)2(15 cm)

= 15268

3cm 15268

g 1195 = 779

cm3


82 cm

51 cm

47 cm

m

V D

Vm

D


m

V = l w h

= 820 cm (510 cm)(470 cm)

3cmg

= 19655

3cm 19655

g 153 = 0778

cm3

lt 1 No it floats






D1

D2

D3

D4

D5

D1

D2

D3

D4

D5


liq

liqliq V

m D sohellip


mliq =


Vliq

mliq Dliq=

VliqDliq




a chemical reaction






reactants

methane + oxygen

+ H2O(g)

carbondioxide


water+

22

Reactants Products

NaOH(aq)

water


sodium

2 2


+ +

+ +

Reactants Products




Pmass = Rmass

=










Dominion Science


Slide 7

What is Chemistry

Slide 9

The Beginning

Alchemy

Slide 12

Slide 13

Slide 14

Slide 15

Areas of Chemistry


Slide 18



Slide 21





Toxicity


Chemical Exposure


Science


Corning Glass

Aluminum Mining

Slide 34

Slide 35




Slide 39

Types of Data






Slide 46



Slide 49


Graphs

Bar Graph

Pie Graph

Line Graph


Graphing HW



Scientific Notation

Slide 60


Slide 62

Slide 63


Slide 65

Slide 66

Slide 67

Slide 68

Slide 69

Percent Error

Percent Error (2)

Significant Figures

Practice Measuring




How many Sig Figs



Slide 80

Slide 81

Slide 82

Numerical Example

Slide 84


Slide 86

Slide 87


The Metric System







Slide 96

Slide 97

Slide 98

Slide 99

Slide 100


Slide 102

Slide 103

Slide 104

Slide 105

Slide 106


Slide 108

Slide 109

Slide 110

Slide 111


Slide 113

Slide 114

Slide 115




0

10

20

30

40

50

60

Jan Feb Mar Apr

Month

Sh

are

Pri

ce (

$)






0123456789

10

120 140 160 180 200 220 240

Temp (K)

Vo

lum

e (

L)


1 title

3 neat

Graphing HW

TimeTotal Dist

cycled (km)8 am 0

9 am 12

10 am 23

11 am 33

noon 42

1 pm 50

2 pm 57

3 pm 63


0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80


Time (h)

Dis

tan

ce C

ycle

d (

km)








800 = 8 x 10 x 10

= 8 x 102

2531 = 2531 x 10 x 10 x 10

= 2531 x 103

00014 = 14 10 10 10

= 14 x 10ndash3



187 x 10ndash5 = 00000187

37 x 108 = 370000000

788 x 101 = 788

2164 x 10ndash2 = 002164


12340 = 1234 x 104

0369 = 369 x 10ndash1

0008 = 8 x 10ndash3

1000000000 = 1 x 109

602 x 1023 = 602000000000000000000000




6 EE 0 32 2

6 y x 0 32 2

x 16 0 2 EE 320

y x 32x 16 0 2 0

nothellip

orhellip

and nothellip


6 EE 0 32 2

WRONG

WRONG

TOO MUCH WORK


(before the number

after the number

or either one)



12 x 105 28 x 1019


=

1 2 EE 5

92 8 EE 1





ndash65 x 10ndash19

535 x 103 or 5350

29 x 1023


435 x 106 (123 x 10ndash3) =

576 x 10ndash16 986 x 10ndash4 =

88 x 1011 x 33 x 1011 =

584 x 10ndash13



8 m






eg vs 800 m vs 800000 m

0653 m


eg precisehellip

imprecisehellip

0652 m

0654 m

07 m

08 m

06 m




human error

method error

instrument error






measuring device is



Percent Error


001

accepted

alexperimenterror

accepted

your value




100gmL 136

gmL 136gmL 140error

error = 29


Significant Figures



235 cm


Practice Measuring

45 cm

454 cm

30 cm


cm0 1 2 3 4 5

cm0 1 2 3 4 5

cm0 1 2 3 4 5






A (255 mL) B (1637 mL) C (51 mL)

26

25 164

163

60

50








How many Sig Figs


25 g

0030 kg

1240560 x 106 mg

6 x 104 sec

24631 g

2006 cm

1050 m

012 kg

1240560 cm

6000000 kg

600 x 106 kg

409 cm

29200 dm

002500 g

2

2

7

1

5

4

4

2

7

1

3

3

5

4





SF found5282 x 342 = 1806444

rarr rounded to 487



255 mL + 1637 mL + 51 mL = 9287 mL

93 mL




756

0528396

387600

4200

84845E-4

76 756 75600

38760 x 105388000390000

0528400528053

85 x 10ndash4

42000 x 103 420 x 1034200

848 x 10ndash4 84845 x 10ndash4




064 kgms2

52 kg (29 m)

(18 s)(13 s)=

48 g (23 s)

(18 s)(37 s)= 017 g

s



x = z ndash y





x ndash 24 = 13 +24 +24

x = 37




Numerical Example

Solve for x F = k x

F = k xk k

x = Fk __


( )__1k

F = k x( )__1k

(or)



Numerical Example

Solve for x 8 = 7 x

8 = 7 x7 7


( )__17

8 = 7 x( )__17

(or)



87 __

Solve for x ___ x

BA = TRH

___

BAH = xTR




x =

1TR( )___1

TR( )___


P1 = 108 atm

P2 = 086 atm

V1 = 322 L

V2 = 143 L

T1 = 373 K

P1V1T2 =P2V2T1

____ T1

P1V1 = P2V2

T2

____

1P1V1

( )____ 1P1V1

( )____

T2 = P1V1

______P2V2T1

130T2 = (108 atm)(322 L)_____________________(086 atm)(143 L)(373 K)

= K



The Metric System

from

Indu

stry

Wee

k 1

981

Nov

embe

r 30


kilo hecto deca

Base Units

metergramliter

deci centi milli





mega- M 1000000 106

kilo- k 1000 103

deci- d 01 10-1

centi- c 001 10-2

milli- m 0001 10-3

micro- m 0000001 10-6

nano- n 0000000001 10-9




Also

1 mL = 1 cm3 and 1 L = 1 dm3





conversion factors

equality

or

132 m = 132 cm

1 m = 100 cm

______1 m100 cm




______1 m

100 cm

1 m100 cm

(or 001 m = 1 cm)


conversion factors

equality

or

872 cm = 00872 m

1 m = 100 cm

______1 m100 cm


______1 m

100 cm

1 m100 cm


15000 dm

= 15 km1000 m

1 km10 dm

1 m


= 378432 s1 h

60 min24 h1 d 1 min

60 s____( ) ( )____( )_____438 d



412 cm2


= 4120 mm2

1 cm2

102 mm2

( )2 ( )2

Simple Mathwith

Conversion Factors


A = L W

= (46 cm)(91 cm)

91 cm= 42 cm2 cm

46 cm

Convert to m2 42 cm2 ( )______100 cm

1 m 2 = 00042 m2


cmcm


Find volume

Length = 142 cm

Width = 86 cm

Height = 215 cm

V = L W H

= (142 cm)(86 cm)(215 cm)

= 2600 cm3


Density =

Typical units


Vm D

volumemass m

V D

liquids and gases



1 a formula

water displacement

V = l ∙ w ∙ hV = p ∙ r2 ∙ h

V =

VfinalVinitial


2




Vm

D 3cm 20g 227

m

V D



33 cm 162

cmg

1135 m = D V = 184

3cmg

= 1135

g

V






19300 g

7720 cm3 or 772 L

425 lbs

3cmg


15 cm

18 cm

m

V D

m

V = p r2 h

Vm

D

= p (18 cm)2(15 cm)

= 15268

3cm 15268

g 1195 = 779

cm3


82 cm

51 cm

47 cm

m

V D

Vm

D


m

V = l w h

= 820 cm (510 cm)(470 cm)

3cmg

= 19655

3cm 19655

g 153 = 0778

cm3

lt 1 No it floats






D1

D2

D3

D4

D5

D1

D2

D3

D4

D5


liq

liqliq V

m D sohellip


mliq =


Vliq

mliq Dliq=

VliqDliq




a chemical reaction






reactants

methane + oxygen

+ H2O(g)

carbondioxide


water+

22

Reactants Products

NaOH(aq)

water


sodium

2 2


+ +

+ +

Reactants Products




Pmass = Rmass

=










Dominion Science


Slide 7

What is Chemistry

Slide 9

The Beginning

Alchemy

Slide 12

Slide 13

Slide 14

Slide 15

Areas of Chemistry


Slide 18



Slide 21





Toxicity


Chemical Exposure


Science


Corning Glass

Aluminum Mining

Slide 34

Slide 35




Slide 39

Types of Data






Slide 46



Slide 49


Graphs

Bar Graph

Pie Graph

Line Graph


Graphing HW



Scientific Notation

Slide 60


Slide 62

Slide 63


Slide 65

Slide 66

Slide 67

Slide 68

Slide 69

Percent Error

Percent Error (2)

Significant Figures

Practice Measuring




How many Sig Figs



Slide 80

Slide 81

Slide 82

Numerical Example

Slide 84


Slide 86

Slide 87


The Metric System







Slide 96

Slide 97

Slide 98

Slide 99

Slide 100


Slide 102

Slide 103

Slide 104

Slide 105

Slide 106


Slide 108

Slide 109

Slide 110

Slide 111


Slide 113

Slide 114

Slide 115






0123456789

10

120 140 160 180 200 220 240

Temp (K)

Vo

lum

e (

L)


1 title

3 neat

Graphing HW

TimeTotal Dist

cycled (km)8 am 0

9 am 12

10 am 23

11 am 33

noon 42

1 pm 50

2 pm 57

3 pm 63


0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80


Time (h)

Dis

tan

ce C

ycle

d (

km)








800 = 8 x 10 x 10

= 8 x 102

2531 = 2531 x 10 x 10 x 10

= 2531 x 103

00014 = 14 10 10 10

= 14 x 10ndash3



187 x 10ndash5 = 00000187

37 x 108 = 370000000

788 x 101 = 788

2164 x 10ndash2 = 002164


12340 = 1234 x 104

0369 = 369 x 10ndash1

0008 = 8 x 10ndash3

1000000000 = 1 x 109

602 x 1023 = 602000000000000000000000




6 EE 0 32 2

6 y x 0 32 2

x 16 0 2 EE 320

y x 32x 16 0 2 0

nothellip

orhellip

and nothellip


6 EE 0 32 2

WRONG

WRONG

TOO MUCH WORK


(before the number

after the number

or either one)



12 x 105 28 x 1019


=

1 2 EE 5

92 8 EE 1





ndash65 x 10ndash19

535 x 103 or 5350

29 x 1023


435 x 106 (123 x 10ndash3) =

576 x 10ndash16 986 x 10ndash4 =

88 x 1011 x 33 x 1011 =

584 x 10ndash13



8 m






eg vs 800 m vs 800000 m

0653 m


eg precisehellip

imprecisehellip

0652 m

0654 m

07 m

08 m

06 m




human error

method error

instrument error






measuring device is



Percent Error


001

accepted

alexperimenterror

accepted

your value




100gmL 136

gmL 136gmL 140error

error = 29


Significant Figures



235 cm


Practice Measuring

45 cm

454 cm

30 cm


cm0 1 2 3 4 5

cm0 1 2 3 4 5

cm0 1 2 3 4 5






A (255 mL) B (1637 mL) C (51 mL)

26

25 164

163

60

50








How many Sig Figs


25 g

0030 kg

1240560 x 106 mg

6 x 104 sec

24631 g

2006 cm

1050 m

012 kg

1240560 cm

6000000 kg

600 x 106 kg

409 cm

29200 dm

002500 g

2

2

7

1

5

4

4

2

7

1

3

3

5

4





SF found5282 x 342 = 1806444

rarr rounded to 487



255 mL + 1637 mL + 51 mL = 9287 mL

93 mL




756

0528396

387600

4200

84845E-4

76 756 75600

38760 x 105388000390000

0528400528053

85 x 10ndash4

42000 x 103 420 x 1034200

848 x 10ndash4 84845 x 10ndash4




064 kgms2

52 kg (29 m)

(18 s)(13 s)=

48 g (23 s)

(18 s)(37 s)= 017 g

s



x = z ndash y





x ndash 24 = 13 +24 +24

x = 37




Numerical Example

Solve for x F = k x

F = k xk k

x = Fk __


( )__1k

F = k x( )__1k

(or)



Numerical Example

Solve for x 8 = 7 x

8 = 7 x7 7


( )__17

8 = 7 x( )__17

(or)



87 __

Solve for x ___ x

BA = TRH

___

BAH = xTR




x =

1TR( )___1

TR( )___


P1 = 108 atm

P2 = 086 atm

V1 = 322 L

V2 = 143 L

T1 = 373 K

P1V1T2 =P2V2T1

____ T1

P1V1 = P2V2

T2

____

1P1V1

( )____ 1P1V1

( )____

T2 = P1V1

______P2V2T1

130T2 = (108 atm)(322 L)_____________________(086 atm)(143 L)(373 K)

= K



The Metric System

from

Indu

stry

Wee

k 1

981

Nov

embe

r 30


kilo hecto deca

Base Units

metergramliter

deci centi milli





mega- M 1000000 106

kilo- k 1000 103

deci- d 01 10-1

centi- c 001 10-2

milli- m 0001 10-3

micro- m 0000001 10-6

nano- n 0000000001 10-9




Also

1 mL = 1 cm3 and 1 L = 1 dm3





conversion factors

equality

or

132 m = 132 cm

1 m = 100 cm

______1 m100 cm




______1 m

100 cm

1 m100 cm

(or 001 m = 1 cm)


conversion factors

equality

or

872 cm = 00872 m

1 m = 100 cm

______1 m100 cm


______1 m

100 cm

1 m100 cm


15000 dm

= 15 km1000 m

1 km10 dm

1 m


= 378432 s1 h

60 min24 h1 d 1 min

60 s____( ) ( )____( )_____438 d



412 cm2


= 4120 mm2

1 cm2

102 mm2

( )2 ( )2

Simple Mathwith

Conversion Factors


A = L W

= (46 cm)(91 cm)

91 cm= 42 cm2 cm

46 cm

Convert to m2 42 cm2 ( )______100 cm

1 m 2 = 00042 m2


cmcm


Find volume

Length = 142 cm

Width = 86 cm

Height = 215 cm

V = L W H

= (142 cm)(86 cm)(215 cm)

= 2600 cm3


Density =

Typical units


Vm D

volumemass m

V D

liquids and gases



1 a formula

water displacement

V = l ∙ w ∙ hV = p ∙ r2 ∙ h

V =

VfinalVinitial


2




Vm

D 3cm 20g 227

m

V D



33 cm 162

cmg

1135 m = D V = 184

3cmg

= 1135

g

V






19300 g

7720 cm3 or 772 L

425 lbs

3cmg


15 cm

18 cm

m

V D

m

V = p r2 h

Vm

D

= p (18 cm)2(15 cm)

= 15268

3cm 15268

g 1195 = 779

cm3


82 cm

51 cm

47 cm

m

V D

Vm

D


m

V = l w h

= 820 cm (510 cm)(470 cm)

3cmg

= 19655

3cm 19655

g 153 = 0778

cm3

lt 1 No it floats






D1

D2

D3

D4

D5

D1

D2

D3

D4

D5


liq

liqliq V

m D sohellip


mliq =


Vliq

mliq Dliq=

VliqDliq




a chemical reaction






reactants

methane + oxygen

+ H2O(g)

carbondioxide


water+

22

Reactants Products

NaOH(aq)

water


sodium

2 2


+ +

+ +

Reactants Products




Pmass = Rmass

=










Dominion Science


Slide 7

What is Chemistry

Slide 9

The Beginning

Alchemy

Slide 12

Slide 13

Slide 14

Slide 15

Areas of Chemistry


Slide 18



Slide 21





Toxicity


Chemical Exposure


Science


Corning Glass

Aluminum Mining

Slide 34

Slide 35




Slide 39

Types of Data






Slide 46



Slide 49


Graphs

Bar Graph

Pie Graph

Line Graph


Graphing HW



Scientific Notation

Slide 60


Slide 62

Slide 63


Slide 65

Slide 66

Slide 67

Slide 68

Slide 69

Percent Error

Percent Error (2)

Significant Figures

Practice Measuring




How many Sig Figs



Slide 80

Slide 81

Slide 82

Numerical Example

Slide 84


Slide 86

Slide 87


The Metric System







Slide 96

Slide 97

Slide 98

Slide 99

Slide 100


Slide 102

Slide 103

Slide 104

Slide 105

Slide 106


Slide 108

Slide 109

Slide 110

Slide 111


Slide 113

Slide 114

Slide 115



Graphing HW

TimeTotal Dist

cycled (km)8 am 0

9 am 12

10 am 23

11 am 33

noon 42

1 pm 50

2 pm 57

3 pm 63


0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80


Time (h)

Dis

tan

ce C

ycle

d (

km)








800 = 8 x 10 x 10

= 8 x 102

2531 = 2531 x 10 x 10 x 10

= 2531 x 103

00014 = 14 10 10 10

= 14 x 10ndash3



187 x 10ndash5 = 00000187

37 x 108 = 370000000

788 x 101 = 788

2164 x 10ndash2 = 002164


12340 = 1234 x 104

0369 = 369 x 10ndash1

0008 = 8 x 10ndash3

1000000000 = 1 x 109

602 x 1023 = 602000000000000000000000




6 EE 0 32 2

6 y x 0 32 2

x 16 0 2 EE 320

y x 32x 16 0 2 0

nothellip

orhellip

and nothellip


6 EE 0 32 2

WRONG

WRONG

TOO MUCH WORK


(before the number

after the number

or either one)



12 x 105 28 x 1019


=

1 2 EE 5

92 8 EE 1





ndash65 x 10ndash19

535 x 103 or 5350

29 x 1023


435 x 106 (123 x 10ndash3) =

576 x 10ndash16 986 x 10ndash4 =

88 x 1011 x 33 x 1011 =

584 x 10ndash13



8 m






eg vs 800 m vs 800000 m

0653 m


eg precisehellip

imprecisehellip

0652 m

0654 m

07 m

08 m

06 m




human error

method error

instrument error






measuring device is



Percent Error


001

accepted

alexperimenterror

accepted

your value




100gmL 136

gmL 136gmL 140error

error = 29


Significant Figures



235 cm


Practice Measuring

45 cm

454 cm

30 cm


cm0 1 2 3 4 5

cm0 1 2 3 4 5

cm0 1 2 3 4 5






A (255 mL) B (1637 mL) C (51 mL)

26

25 164

163

60

50








How many Sig Figs


25 g

0030 kg

1240560 x 106 mg

6 x 104 sec

24631 g

2006 cm

1050 m

012 kg

1240560 cm

6000000 kg

600 x 106 kg

409 cm

29200 dm

002500 g

2

2

7

1

5

4

4

2

7

1

3

3

5

4





SF found5282 x 342 = 1806444

rarr rounded to 487



255 mL + 1637 mL + 51 mL = 9287 mL

93 mL




756

0528396

387600

4200

84845E-4

76 756 75600

38760 x 105388000390000

0528400528053

85 x 10ndash4

42000 x 103 420 x 1034200

848 x 10ndash4 84845 x 10ndash4




064 kgms2

52 kg (29 m)

(18 s)(13 s)=

48 g (23 s)

(18 s)(37 s)= 017 g

s



x = z ndash y





x ndash 24 = 13 +24 +24

x = 37




Numerical Example

Solve for x F = k x

F = k xk k

x = Fk __


( )__1k

F = k x( )__1k

(or)



Numerical Example

Solve for x 8 = 7 x

8 = 7 x7 7


( )__17

8 = 7 x( )__17

(or)



87 __

Solve for x ___ x

BA = TRH

___

BAH = xTR




x =

1TR( )___1

TR( )___


P1 = 108 atm

P2 = 086 atm

V1 = 322 L

V2 = 143 L

T1 = 373 K

P1V1T2 =P2V2T1

____ T1

P1V1 = P2V2

T2

____

1P1V1

( )____ 1P1V1

( )____

T2 = P1V1

______P2V2T1

130T2 = (108 atm)(322 L)_____________________(086 atm)(143 L)(373 K)

= K



The Metric System

from

Indu

stry

Wee

k 1

981

Nov

embe

r 30


kilo hecto deca

Base Units

metergramliter

deci centi milli





mega- M 1000000 106

kilo- k 1000 103

deci- d 01 10-1

centi- c 001 10-2

milli- m 0001 10-3

micro- m 0000001 10-6

nano- n 0000000001 10-9




Also

1 mL = 1 cm3 and 1 L = 1 dm3





conversion factors

equality

or

132 m = 132 cm

1 m = 100 cm

______1 m100 cm




______1 m

100 cm

1 m100 cm

(or 001 m = 1 cm)


conversion factors

equality

or

872 cm = 00872 m

1 m = 100 cm

______1 m100 cm


______1 m

100 cm

1 m100 cm


15000 dm

= 15 km1000 m

1 km10 dm

1 m


= 378432 s1 h

60 min24 h1 d 1 min

60 s____( ) ( )____( )_____438 d



412 cm2


= 4120 mm2

1 cm2

102 mm2

( )2 ( )2

Simple Mathwith

Conversion Factors


A = L W

= (46 cm)(91 cm)

91 cm= 42 cm2 cm

46 cm

Convert to m2 42 cm2 ( )______100 cm

1 m 2 = 00042 m2


cmcm


Find volume

Length = 142 cm

Width = 86 cm

Height = 215 cm

V = L W H

= (142 cm)(86 cm)(215 cm)

= 2600 cm3


Density =

Typical units


Vm D

volumemass m

V D

liquids and gases



1 a formula

water displacement

V = l ∙ w ∙ hV = p ∙ r2 ∙ h

V =

VfinalVinitial


2




Vm

D 3cm 20g 227

m

V D



33 cm 162

cmg

1135 m = D V = 184

3cmg

= 1135

g

V






19300 g

7720 cm3 or 772 L

425 lbs

3cmg


15 cm

18 cm

m

V D

m

V = p r2 h

Vm

D

= p (18 cm)2(15 cm)

= 15268

3cm 15268

g 1195 = 779

cm3


82 cm

51 cm

47 cm

m

V D

Vm

D


m

V = l w h

= 820 cm (510 cm)(470 cm)

3cmg

= 19655

3cm 19655

g 153 = 0778

cm3

lt 1 No it floats






D1

D2

D3

D4

D5

D1

D2

D3

D4

D5


liq

liqliq V

m D sohellip


mliq =


Vliq

mliq Dliq=

VliqDliq




a chemical reaction






reactants

methane + oxygen

+ H2O(g)

carbondioxide


water+

22

Reactants Products

NaOH(aq)

water


sodium

2 2


+ +

+ +

Reactants Products




Pmass = Rmass

=










Dominion Science


Slide 7

What is Chemistry

Slide 9

The Beginning

Alchemy

Slide 12

Slide 13

Slide 14

Slide 15

Areas of Chemistry


Slide 18



Slide 21





Toxicity


Chemical Exposure


Science


Corning Glass

Aluminum Mining

Slide 34

Slide 35




Slide 39

Types of Data






Slide 46



Slide 49


Graphs

Bar Graph

Pie Graph

Line Graph


Graphing HW



Scientific Notation

Slide 60


Slide 62

Slide 63


Slide 65

Slide 66

Slide 67

Slide 68

Slide 69

Percent Error

Percent Error (2)

Significant Figures

Practice Measuring




How many Sig Figs



Slide 80

Slide 81

Slide 82

Numerical Example

Slide 84


Slide 86

Slide 87


The Metric System







Slide 96

Slide 97

Slide 98

Slide 99

Slide 100


Slide 102

Slide 103

Slide 104

Slide 105

Slide 106


Slide 108

Slide 109

Slide 110

Slide 111


Slide 113

Slide 114

Slide 115








800 = 8 x 10 x 10

= 8 x 102

2531 = 2531 x 10 x 10 x 10

= 2531 x 103

00014 = 14 10 10 10

= 14 x 10ndash3



187 x 10ndash5 = 00000187

37 x 108 = 370000000

788 x 101 = 788

2164 x 10ndash2 = 002164


12340 = 1234 x 104

0369 = 369 x 10ndash1

0008 = 8 x 10ndash3

1000000000 = 1 x 109

602 x 1023 = 602000000000000000000000




6 EE 0 32 2

6 y x 0 32 2

x 16 0 2 EE 320

y x 32x 16 0 2 0

nothellip

orhellip

and nothellip


6 EE 0 32 2

WRONG

WRONG

TOO MUCH WORK


(before the number

after the number

or either one)



12 x 105 28 x 1019


=

1 2 EE 5

92 8 EE 1





ndash65 x 10ndash19

535 x 103 or 5350

29 x 1023


435 x 106 (123 x 10ndash3) =

576 x 10ndash16 986 x 10ndash4 =

88 x 1011 x 33 x 1011 =

584 x 10ndash13



8 m






eg vs 800 m vs 800000 m

0653 m


eg precisehellip

imprecisehellip

0652 m

0654 m

07 m

08 m

06 m




human error

method error

instrument error






measuring device is



Percent Error


001

accepted

alexperimenterror

accepted

your value




100gmL 136

gmL 136gmL 140error

error = 29


Significant Figures



235 cm


Practice Measuring

45 cm

454 cm

30 cm


cm0 1 2 3 4 5

cm0 1 2 3 4 5

cm0 1 2 3 4 5






A (255 mL) B (1637 mL) C (51 mL)

26

25 164

163

60

50








How many Sig Figs


25 g

0030 kg

1240560 x 106 mg

6 x 104 sec

24631 g

2006 cm

1050 m

012 kg

1240560 cm

6000000 kg

600 x 106 kg

409 cm

29200 dm

002500 g

2

2

7

1

5

4

4

2

7

1

3

3

5

4





SF found5282 x 342 = 1806444

rarr rounded to 487



255 mL + 1637 mL + 51 mL = 9287 mL

93 mL




756

0528396

387600

4200

84845E-4

76 756 75600

38760 x 105388000390000

0528400528053

85 x 10ndash4

42000 x 103 420 x 1034200

848 x 10ndash4 84845 x 10ndash4




064 kgms2

52 kg (29 m)

(18 s)(13 s)=

48 g (23 s)

(18 s)(37 s)= 017 g

s



x = z ndash y





x ndash 24 = 13 +24 +24

x = 37




Numerical Example

Solve for x F = k x

F = k xk k

x = Fk __


( )__1k

F = k x( )__1k

(or)



Numerical Example

Solve for x 8 = 7 x

8 = 7 x7 7


( )__17

8 = 7 x( )__17

(or)



87 __

Solve for x ___ x

BA = TRH

___

BAH = xTR




x =

1TR( )___1

TR( )___


P1 = 108 atm

P2 = 086 atm

V1 = 322 L

V2 = 143 L

T1 = 373 K

P1V1T2 =P2V2T1

____ T1

P1V1 = P2V2

T2

____

1P1V1

( )____ 1P1V1

( )____

T2 = P1V1

______P2V2T1

130T2 = (108 atm)(322 L)_____________________(086 atm)(143 L)(373 K)

= K



The Metric System

from

Indu

stry

Wee

k 1

981

Nov

embe

r 30


kilo hecto deca

Base Units

metergramliter

deci centi milli





mega- M 1000000 106

kilo- k 1000 103

deci- d 01 10-1

centi- c 001 10-2

milli- m 0001 10-3

micro- m 0000001 10-6

nano- n 0000000001 10-9




Also

1 mL = 1 cm3 and 1 L = 1 dm3





conversion factors

equality

or

132 m = 132 cm

1 m = 100 cm

______1 m100 cm




______1 m

100 cm

1 m100 cm

(or 001 m = 1 cm)


conversion factors

equality

or

872 cm = 00872 m

1 m = 100 cm

______1 m100 cm


______1 m

100 cm

1 m100 cm


15000 dm

= 15 km1000 m

1 km10 dm

1 m


= 378432 s1 h

60 min24 h1 d 1 min

60 s____( ) ( )____( )_____438 d



412 cm2


= 4120 mm2

1 cm2

102 mm2

( )2 ( )2

Simple Mathwith

Conversion Factors


A = L W

= (46 cm)(91 cm)

91 cm= 42 cm2 cm

46 cm

Convert to m2 42 cm2 ( )______100 cm

1 m 2 = 00042 m2


cmcm


Find volume

Length = 142 cm

Width = 86 cm

Height = 215 cm

V = L W H

= (142 cm)(86 cm)(215 cm)

= 2600 cm3


Density =

Typical units


Vm D

volumemass m

V D

liquids and gases



1 a formula

water displacement

V = l ∙ w ∙ hV = p ∙ r2 ∙ h

V =

VfinalVinitial


2




Vm

D 3cm 20g 227

m

V D



33 cm 162

cmg

1135 m = D V = 184

3cmg

= 1135

g

V






19300 g

7720 cm3 or 772 L

425 lbs

3cmg


15 cm

18 cm

m

V D

m

V = p r2 h

Vm

D

= p (18 cm)2(15 cm)

= 15268

3cm 15268

g 1195 = 779

cm3


82 cm

51 cm

47 cm

m

V D

Vm

D


m

V = l w h

= 820 cm (510 cm)(470 cm)

3cmg

= 19655

3cm 19655

g 153 = 0778

cm3

lt 1 No it floats






D1

D2

D3

D4

D5

D1

D2

D3

D4

D5


liq

liqliq V

m D sohellip


mliq =


Vliq

mliq Dliq=

VliqDliq




a chemical reaction






reactants

methane + oxygen

+ H2O(g)

carbondioxide


water+

22

Reactants Products

NaOH(aq)

water


sodium

2 2


+ +

+ +

Reactants Products




Pmass = Rmass

=










Dominion Science


Slide 7

What is Chemistry

Slide 9

The Beginning

Alchemy

Slide 12

Slide 13

Slide 14

Slide 15

Areas of Chemistry


Slide 18



Slide 21





Toxicity


Chemical Exposure


Science


Corning Glass

Aluminum Mining

Slide 34

Slide 35




Slide 39

Types of Data






Slide 46



Slide 49


Graphs

Bar Graph

Pie Graph

Line Graph


Graphing HW



Scientific Notation

Slide 60


Slide 62

Slide 63


Slide 65

Slide 66

Slide 67

Slide 68

Slide 69

Percent Error

Percent Error (2)

Significant Figures

Practice Measuring




How many Sig Figs



Slide 80

Slide 81

Slide 82

Numerical Example

Slide 84


Slide 86

Slide 87


The Metric System







Slide 96

Slide 97

Slide 98

Slide 99

Slide 100


Slide 102

Slide 103

Slide 104

Slide 105

Slide 106


Slide 108

Slide 109

Slide 110

Slide 111


Slide 113

Slide 114

Slide 115




187 x 10ndash5 = 00000187

37 x 108 = 370000000

788 x 101 = 788

2164 x 10ndash2 = 002164


12340 = 1234 x 104

0369 = 369 x 10ndash1

0008 = 8 x 10ndash3

1000000000 = 1 x 109

602 x 1023 = 602000000000000000000000




6 EE 0 32 2

6 y x 0 32 2

x 16 0 2 EE 320

y x 32x 16 0 2 0

nothellip

orhellip

and nothellip


6 EE 0 32 2

WRONG

WRONG

TOO MUCH WORK


(before the number

after the number

or either one)



12 x 105 28 x 1019


=

1 2 EE 5

92 8 EE 1





ndash65 x 10ndash19

535 x 103 or 5350

29 x 1023


435 x 106 (123 x 10ndash3) =

576 x 10ndash16 986 x 10ndash4 =

88 x 1011 x 33 x 1011 =

584 x 10ndash13



8 m






eg vs 800 m vs 800000 m

0653 m


eg precisehellip

imprecisehellip

0652 m

0654 m

07 m

08 m

06 m




human error

method error

instrument error






measuring device is



Percent Error


001

accepted

alexperimenterror

accepted

your value




100gmL 136

gmL 136gmL 140error

error = 29


Significant Figures



235 cm


Practice Measuring

45 cm

454 cm

30 cm


cm0 1 2 3 4 5

cm0 1 2 3 4 5

cm0 1 2 3 4 5






A (255 mL) B (1637 mL) C (51 mL)

26

25 164

163

60

50








How many Sig Figs


25 g

0030 kg

1240560 x 106 mg

6 x 104 sec

24631 g

2006 cm

1050 m

012 kg

1240560 cm

6000000 kg

600 x 106 kg

409 cm

29200 dm

002500 g

2

2

7

1

5

4

4

2

7

1

3

3

5

4





SF found5282 x 342 = 1806444

rarr rounded to 487



255 mL + 1637 mL + 51 mL = 9287 mL

93 mL




756

0528396

387600

4200

84845E-4

76 756 75600

38760 x 105388000390000

0528400528053

85 x 10ndash4

42000 x 103 420 x 1034200

848 x 10ndash4 84845 x 10ndash4




064 kgms2

52 kg (29 m)

(18 s)(13 s)=

48 g (23 s)

(18 s)(37 s)= 017 g

s



x = z ndash y





x ndash 24 = 13 +24 +24

x = 37




Numerical Example

Solve for x F = k x

F = k xk k

x = Fk __


( )__1k

F = k x( )__1k

(or)



Numerical Example

Solve for x 8 = 7 x

8 = 7 x7 7


( )__17

8 = 7 x( )__17

(or)



87 __

Solve for x ___ x

BA = TRH

___

BAH = xTR




x =

1TR( )___1

TR( )___


P1 = 108 atm

P2 = 086 atm

V1 = 322 L

V2 = 143 L

T1 = 373 K

P1V1T2 =P2V2T1

____ T1

P1V1 = P2V2

T2

____

1P1V1

( )____ 1P1V1

( )____

T2 = P1V1

______P2V2T1

130T2 = (108 atm)(322 L)_____________________(086 atm)(143 L)(373 K)

= K



The Metric System

from

Indu

stry

Wee

k 1

981

Nov

embe

r 30


kilo hecto deca

Base Units

metergramliter

deci centi milli





mega- M 1000000 106

kilo- k 1000 103

deci- d 01 10-1

centi- c 001 10-2

milli- m 0001 10-3

micro- m 0000001 10-6

nano- n 0000000001 10-9




Also

1 mL = 1 cm3 and 1 L = 1 dm3





conversion factors

equality

or

132 m = 132 cm

1 m = 100 cm

______1 m100 cm




______1 m

100 cm

1 m100 cm

(or 001 m = 1 cm)


conversion factors

equality

or

872 cm = 00872 m

1 m = 100 cm

______1 m100 cm


______1 m

100 cm

1 m100 cm


15000 dm

= 15 km1000 m

1 km10 dm

1 m


= 378432 s1 h

60 min24 h1 d 1 min

60 s____( ) ( )____( )_____438 d



412 cm2


= 4120 mm2

1 cm2

102 mm2

( )2 ( )2

Simple Mathwith

Conversion Factors


A = L W

= (46 cm)(91 cm)

91 cm= 42 cm2 cm

46 cm

Convert to m2 42 cm2 ( )______100 cm

1 m 2 = 00042 m2


cmcm


Find volume

Length = 142 cm

Width = 86 cm

Height = 215 cm

V = L W H

= (142 cm)(86 cm)(215 cm)

= 2600 cm3


Density =

Typical units


Vm D

volumemass m

V D

liquids and gases



1 a formula

water displacement

V = l ∙ w ∙ hV = p ∙ r2 ∙ h

V =

VfinalVinitial


2




Vm

D 3cm 20g 227

m

V D



33 cm 162

cmg

1135 m = D V = 184

3cmg

= 1135

g

V






19300 g

7720 cm3 or 772 L

425 lbs

3cmg


15 cm

18 cm

m

V D

m

V = p r2 h

Vm

D

= p (18 cm)2(15 cm)

= 15268

3cm 15268

g 1195 = 779

cm3


82 cm

51 cm

47 cm

m

V D

Vm

D


m

V = l w h

= 820 cm (510 cm)(470 cm)

3cmg

= 19655

3cm 19655

g 153 = 0778

cm3

lt 1 No it floats






D1

D2

D3

D4

D5

D1

D2

D3

D4

D5


liq

liqliq V

m D sohellip


mliq =


Vliq

mliq Dliq=

VliqDliq




a chemical reaction






reactants

methane + oxygen

+ H2O(g)

carbondioxide


water+

22

Reactants Products

NaOH(aq)

water


sodium

2 2


+ +

+ +

Reactants Products




Pmass = Rmass

=










Dominion Science


Slide 7

What is Chemistry

Slide 9

The Beginning

Alchemy

Slide 12

Slide 13

Slide 14

Slide 15

Areas of Chemistry


Slide 18



Slide 21





Toxicity


Chemical Exposure


Science


Corning Glass

Aluminum Mining

Slide 34

Slide 35




Slide 39

Types of Data






Slide 46



Slide 49


Graphs

Bar Graph

Pie Graph

Line Graph


Graphing HW



Scientific Notation

Slide 60


Slide 62

Slide 63


Slide 65

Slide 66

Slide 67

Slide 68

Slide 69

Percent Error

Percent Error (2)

Significant Figures

Practice Measuring




How many Sig Figs



Slide 80

Slide 81

Slide 82

Numerical Example

Slide 84


Slide 86

Slide 87


The Metric System







Slide 96

Slide 97

Slide 98

Slide 99

Slide 100


Slide 102

Slide 103

Slide 104

Slide 105

Slide 106


Slide 108

Slide 109

Slide 110

Slide 111


Slide 113

Slide 114

Slide 115






6 EE 0 32 2

6 y x 0 32 2

x 16 0 2 EE 320

y x 32x 16 0 2 0

nothellip

orhellip

and nothellip


6 EE 0 32 2

WRONG

WRONG

TOO MUCH WORK


(before the number

after the number

or either one)



12 x 105 28 x 1019


=

1 2 EE 5

92 8 EE 1





ndash65 x 10ndash19

535 x 103 or 5350

29 x 1023


435 x 106 (123 x 10ndash3) =

576 x 10ndash16 986 x 10ndash4 =

88 x 1011 x 33 x 1011 =

584 x 10ndash13



8 m






eg vs 800 m vs 800000 m

0653 m


eg precisehellip

imprecisehellip

0652 m

0654 m

07 m

08 m

06 m




human error

method error

instrument error






measuring device is



Percent Error


001

accepted

alexperimenterror

accepted

your value




100gmL 136

gmL 136gmL 140error

error = 29


Significant Figures



235 cm


Practice Measuring

45 cm

454 cm

30 cm


cm0 1 2 3 4 5

cm0 1 2 3 4 5

cm0 1 2 3 4 5






A (255 mL) B (1637 mL) C (51 mL)

26

25 164

163

60

50








How many Sig Figs


25 g

0030 kg

1240560 x 106 mg

6 x 104 sec

24631 g

2006 cm

1050 m

012 kg

1240560 cm

6000000 kg

600 x 106 kg

409 cm

29200 dm

002500 g

2

2

7

1

5

4

4

2

7

1

3

3

5

4





SF found5282 x 342 = 1806444

rarr rounded to 487



255 mL + 1637 mL + 51 mL = 9287 mL

93 mL




756

0528396

387600

4200

84845E-4

76 756 75600

38760 x 105388000390000

0528400528053

85 x 10ndash4

42000 x 103 420 x 1034200

848 x 10ndash4 84845 x 10ndash4




064 kgms2

52 kg (29 m)

(18 s)(13 s)=

48 g (23 s)

(18 s)(37 s)= 017 g

s



x = z ndash y





x ndash 24 = 13 +24 +24

x = 37




Numerical Example

Solve for x F = k x

F = k xk k

x = Fk __


( )__1k

F = k x( )__1k

(or)



Numerical Example

Solve for x 8 = 7 x

8 = 7 x7 7


( )__17

8 = 7 x( )__17

(or)



87 __

Solve for x ___ x

BA = TRH

___

BAH = xTR




x =

1TR( )___1

TR( )___


P1 = 108 atm

P2 = 086 atm

V1 = 322 L

V2 = 143 L

T1 = 373 K

P1V1T2 =P2V2T1

____ T1

P1V1 = P2V2

T2

____

1P1V1

( )____ 1P1V1

( )____

T2 = P1V1

______P2V2T1

130T2 = (108 atm)(322 L)_____________________(086 atm)(143 L)(373 K)

= K



The Metric System

from

Indu

stry

Wee

k 1

981

Nov

embe

r 30


kilo hecto deca

Base Units

metergramliter

deci centi milli





mega- M 1000000 106

kilo- k 1000 103

deci- d 01 10-1

centi- c 001 10-2

milli- m 0001 10-3

micro- m 0000001 10-6

nano- n 0000000001 10-9




Also

1 mL = 1 cm3 and 1 L = 1 dm3





conversion factors

equality

or

132 m = 132 cm

1 m = 100 cm

______1 m100 cm




______1 m

100 cm

1 m100 cm

(or 001 m = 1 cm)


conversion factors

equality

or

872 cm = 00872 m

1 m = 100 cm

______1 m100 cm


______1 m

100 cm

1 m100 cm


15000 dm

= 15 km1000 m

1 km10 dm

1 m


= 378432 s1 h

60 min24 h1 d 1 min

60 s____( ) ( )____( )_____438 d



412 cm2


= 4120 mm2

1 cm2

102 mm2

( )2 ( )2

Simple Mathwith

Conversion Factors


A = L W

= (46 cm)(91 cm)

91 cm= 42 cm2 cm

46 cm

Convert to m2 42 cm2 ( )______100 cm

1 m 2 = 00042 m2


cmcm


Find volume

Length = 142 cm

Width = 86 cm

Height = 215 cm

V = L W H

= (142 cm)(86 cm)(215 cm)

= 2600 cm3


Density =

Typical units


Vm D

volumemass m

V D

liquids and gases



1 a formula

water displacement

V = l ∙ w ∙ hV = p ∙ r2 ∙ h

V =

VfinalVinitial


2




Vm

D 3cm 20g 227

m

V D



33 cm 162

cmg

1135 m = D V = 184

3cmg

= 1135

g

V






19300 g

7720 cm3 or 772 L

425 lbs

3cmg


15 cm

18 cm

m

V D

m

V = p r2 h

Vm

D

= p (18 cm)2(15 cm)

= 15268

3cm 15268

g 1195 = 779

cm3


82 cm

51 cm

47 cm

m

V D

Vm

D


m

V = l w h

= 820 cm (510 cm)(470 cm)

3cmg

= 19655

3cm 19655

g 153 = 0778

cm3

lt 1 No it floats






D1

D2

D3

D4

D5

D1

D2

D3

D4

D5


liq

liqliq V

m D sohellip


mliq =


Vliq

mliq Dliq=

VliqDliq




a chemical reaction






reactants

methane + oxygen

+ H2O(g)

carbondioxide


water+

22

Reactants Products

NaOH(aq)

water


sodium

2 2


+ +

+ +

Reactants Products




Pmass = Rmass

=










Dominion Science


Slide 7

What is Chemistry

Slide 9

The Beginning

Alchemy

Slide 12

Slide 13

Slide 14

Slide 15

Areas of Chemistry


Slide 18



Slide 21





Toxicity


Chemical Exposure


Science


Corning Glass

Aluminum Mining

Slide 34

Slide 35




Slide 39

Types of Data






Slide 46



Slide 49


Graphs

Bar Graph

Pie Graph

Line Graph


Graphing HW



Scientific Notation

Slide 60


Slide 62

Slide 63


Slide 65

Slide 66

Slide 67

Slide 68

Slide 69

Percent Error

Percent Error (2)

Significant Figures

Practice Measuring




How many Sig Figs



Slide 80

Slide 81

Slide 82

Numerical Example

Slide 84


Slide 86

Slide 87


The Metric System







Slide 96

Slide 97

Slide 98

Slide 99

Slide 100


Slide 102

Slide 103

Slide 104

Slide 105

Slide 106


Slide 108

Slide 109

Slide 110

Slide 111


Slide 113

Slide 114

Slide 115




(before the number

after the number

or either one)



12 x 105 28 x 1019


=

1 2 EE 5

92 8 EE 1





ndash65 x 10ndash19

535 x 103 or 5350

29 x 1023


435 x 106 (123 x 10ndash3) =

576 x 10ndash16 986 x 10ndash4 =

88 x 1011 x 33 x 1011 =

584 x 10ndash13



8 m






eg vs 800 m vs 800000 m

0653 m


eg precisehellip

imprecisehellip

0652 m

0654 m

07 m

08 m

06 m




human error

method error

instrument error






measuring device is



Percent Error


001

accepted

alexperimenterror

accepted

your value




100gmL 136

gmL 136gmL 140error

error = 29


Significant Figures



235 cm


Practice Measuring

45 cm

454 cm

30 cm


cm0 1 2 3 4 5

cm0 1 2 3 4 5

cm0 1 2 3 4 5






A (255 mL) B (1637 mL) C (51 mL)

26

25 164

163

60

50








How many Sig Figs


25 g

0030 kg

1240560 x 106 mg

6 x 104 sec

24631 g

2006 cm

1050 m

012 kg

1240560 cm

6000000 kg

600 x 106 kg

409 cm

29200 dm

002500 g

2

2

7

1

5

4

4

2

7

1

3

3

5

4





SF found5282 x 342 = 1806444

rarr rounded to 487



255 mL + 1637 mL + 51 mL = 9287 mL

93 mL




756

0528396

387600

4200

84845E-4

76 756 75600

38760 x 105388000390000

0528400528053

85 x 10ndash4

42000 x 103 420 x 1034200

848 x 10ndash4 84845 x 10ndash4




064 kgms2

52 kg (29 m)

(18 s)(13 s)=

48 g (23 s)

(18 s)(37 s)= 017 g

s



x = z ndash y





x ndash 24 = 13 +24 +24

x = 37




Numerical Example

Solve for x F = k x

F = k xk k

x = Fk __


( )__1k

F = k x( )__1k

(or)



Numerical Example

Solve for x 8 = 7 x

8 = 7 x7 7


( )__17

8 = 7 x( )__17

(or)



87 __

Solve for x ___ x

BA = TRH

___

BAH = xTR




x =

1TR( )___1

TR( )___


P1 = 108 atm

P2 = 086 atm

V1 = 322 L

V2 = 143 L

T1 = 373 K

P1V1T2 =P2V2T1

____ T1

P1V1 = P2V2

T2

____

1P1V1

( )____ 1P1V1

( )____

T2 = P1V1

______P2V2T1

130T2 = (108 atm)(322 L)_____________________(086 atm)(143 L)(373 K)

= K



The Metric System

from

Indu

stry

Wee

k 1

981

Nov

embe

r 30


kilo hecto deca

Base Units

metergramliter

deci centi milli





mega- M 1000000 106

kilo- k 1000 103

deci- d 01 10-1

centi- c 001 10-2

milli- m 0001 10-3

micro- m 0000001 10-6

nano- n 0000000001 10-9




Also

1 mL = 1 cm3 and 1 L = 1 dm3





conversion factors

equality

or

132 m = 132 cm

1 m = 100 cm

______1 m100 cm




______1 m

100 cm

1 m100 cm

(or 001 m = 1 cm)


conversion factors

equality

or

872 cm = 00872 m

1 m = 100 cm

______1 m100 cm


______1 m

100 cm

1 m100 cm


15000 dm

= 15 km1000 m

1 km10 dm

1 m


= 378432 s1 h

60 min24 h1 d 1 min

60 s____( ) ( )____( )_____438 d



412 cm2


= 4120 mm2

1 cm2

102 mm2

( )2 ( )2

Simple Mathwith

Conversion Factors


A = L W

= (46 cm)(91 cm)

91 cm= 42 cm2 cm

46 cm

Convert to m2 42 cm2 ( )______100 cm

1 m 2 = 00042 m2


cmcm


Find volume

Length = 142 cm

Width = 86 cm

Height = 215 cm

V = L W H

= (142 cm)(86 cm)(215 cm)

= 2600 cm3


Density =

Typical units


Vm D

volumemass m

V D

liquids and gases



1 a formula

water displacement

V = l ∙ w ∙ hV = p ∙ r2 ∙ h

V =

VfinalVinitial


2




Vm

D 3cm 20g 227

m

V D



33 cm 162

cmg

1135 m = D V = 184

3cmg

= 1135

g

V






19300 g

7720 cm3 or 772 L

425 lbs

3cmg


15 cm

18 cm

m

V D

m

V = p r2 h

Vm

D

= p (18 cm)2(15 cm)

= 15268

3cm 15268

g 1195 = 779

cm3


82 cm

51 cm

47 cm

m

V D

Vm

D


m

V = l w h

= 820 cm (510 cm)(470 cm)

3cmg

= 19655

3cm 19655

g 153 = 0778

cm3

lt 1 No it floats






D1

D2

D3

D4

D5

D1

D2

D3

D4

D5


liq

liqliq V

m D sohellip


mliq =


Vliq

mliq Dliq=

VliqDliq




a chemical reaction






reactants

methane + oxygen

+ H2O(g)

carbondioxide


water+

22

Reactants Products

NaOH(aq)

water


sodium

2 2


+ +

+ +

Reactants Products




Pmass = Rmass

=










Dominion Science


Slide 7

What is Chemistry

Slide 9

The Beginning

Alchemy

Slide 12

Slide 13

Slide 14

Slide 15

Areas of Chemistry


Slide 18



Slide 21





Toxicity


Chemical Exposure


Science


Corning Glass

Aluminum Mining

Slide 34

Slide 35




Slide 39

Types of Data






Slide 46



Slide 49


Graphs

Bar Graph

Pie Graph

Line Graph


Graphing HW



Scientific Notation

Slide 60


Slide 62

Slide 63


Slide 65

Slide 66

Slide 67

Slide 68

Slide 69

Percent Error

Percent Error (2)

Significant Figures

Practice Measuring




How many Sig Figs



Slide 80

Slide 81

Slide 82

Numerical Example

Slide 84


Slide 86

Slide 87


The Metric System







Slide 96

Slide 97

Slide 98

Slide 99

Slide 100


Slide 102

Slide 103

Slide 104

Slide 105

Slide 106


Slide 108

Slide 109

Slide 110

Slide 111


Slide 113

Slide 114

Slide 115





12 x 105 28 x 1019


=

1 2 EE 5

92 8 EE 1





ndash65 x 10ndash19

535 x 103 or 5350

29 x 1023


435 x 106 (123 x 10ndash3) =

576 x 10ndash16 986 x 10ndash4 =

88 x 1011 x 33 x 1011 =

584 x 10ndash13



8 m






eg vs 800 m vs 800000 m

0653 m


eg precisehellip

imprecisehellip

0652 m

0654 m

07 m

08 m

06 m




human error

method error

instrument error






measuring device is



Percent Error


001

accepted

alexperimenterror

accepted

your value




100gmL 136

gmL 136gmL 140error

error = 29


Significant Figures



235 cm


Practice Measuring

45 cm

454 cm

30 cm


cm0 1 2 3 4 5

cm0 1 2 3 4 5

cm0 1 2 3 4 5






A (255 mL) B (1637 mL) C (51 mL)

26

25 164

163

60

50








How many Sig Figs


25 g

0030 kg

1240560 x 106 mg

6 x 104 sec

24631 g

2006 cm

1050 m

012 kg

1240560 cm

6000000 kg

600 x 106 kg

409 cm

29200 dm

002500 g

2

2

7

1

5

4

4

2

7

1

3

3

5

4





SF found5282 x 342 = 1806444

rarr rounded to 487



255 mL + 1637 mL + 51 mL = 9287 mL

93 mL




756

0528396

387600

4200

84845E-4

76 756 75600

38760 x 105388000390000

0528400528053

85 x 10ndash4

42000 x 103 420 x 1034200

848 x 10ndash4 84845 x 10ndash4




064 kgms2

52 kg (29 m)

(18 s)(13 s)=

48 g (23 s)

(18 s)(37 s)= 017 g

s



x = z ndash y





x ndash 24 = 13 +24 +24

x = 37




Numerical Example

Solve for x F = k x

F = k xk k

x = Fk __


( )__1k

F = k x( )__1k

(or)



Numerical Example

Solve for x 8 = 7 x

8 = 7 x7 7


( )__17

8 = 7 x( )__17

(or)



87 __

Solve for x ___ x

BA = TRH

___

BAH = xTR




x =

1TR( )___1

TR( )___


P1 = 108 atm

P2 = 086 atm

V1 = 322 L

V2 = 143 L

T1 = 373 K

P1V1T2 =P2V2T1

____ T1

P1V1 = P2V2

T2

____

1P1V1

( )____ 1P1V1

( )____

T2 = P1V1

______P2V2T1

130T2 = (108 atm)(322 L)_____________________(086 atm)(143 L)(373 K)

= K



The Metric System

from

Indu

stry

Wee

k 1

981

Nov

embe

r 30


kilo hecto deca

Base Units

metergramliter

deci centi milli





mega- M 1000000 106

kilo- k 1000 103

deci- d 01 10-1

centi- c 001 10-2

milli- m 0001 10-3

micro- m 0000001 10-6

nano- n 0000000001 10-9




Also

1 mL = 1 cm3 and 1 L = 1 dm3





conversion factors

equality

or

132 m = 132 cm

1 m = 100 cm

______1 m100 cm




______1 m

100 cm

1 m100 cm

(or 001 m = 1 cm)


conversion factors

equality

or

872 cm = 00872 m

1 m = 100 cm

______1 m100 cm


______1 m

100 cm

1 m100 cm


15000 dm

= 15 km1000 m

1 km10 dm

1 m


= 378432 s1 h

60 min24 h1 d 1 min

60 s____( ) ( )____( )_____438 d



412 cm2


= 4120 mm2

1 cm2

102 mm2

( )2 ( )2

Simple Mathwith

Conversion Factors


A = L W

= (46 cm)(91 cm)

91 cm= 42 cm2 cm

46 cm

Convert to m2 42 cm2 ( )______100 cm

1 m 2 = 00042 m2


cmcm


Find volume

Length = 142 cm

Width = 86 cm

Height = 215 cm

V = L W H

= (142 cm)(86 cm)(215 cm)

= 2600 cm3


Density =

Typical units


Vm D

volumemass m

V D

liquids and gases



1 a formula

water displacement

V = l ∙ w ∙ hV = p ∙ r2 ∙ h

V =

VfinalVinitial


2




Vm

D 3cm 20g 227

m

V D



33 cm 162

cmg

1135 m = D V = 184

3cmg

= 1135

g

V






19300 g

7720 cm3 or 772 L

425 lbs

3cmg


15 cm

18 cm

m

V D

m

V = p r2 h

Vm

D

= p (18 cm)2(15 cm)

= 15268

3cm 15268

g 1195 = 779

cm3


82 cm

51 cm

47 cm

m

V D

Vm

D


m

V = l w h

= 820 cm (510 cm)(470 cm)

3cmg

= 19655

3cm 19655

g 153 = 0778

cm3

lt 1 No it floats






D1

D2

D3

D4

D5

D1

D2

D3

D4

D5


liq

liqliq V

m D sohellip


mliq =


Vliq

mliq Dliq=

VliqDliq




a chemical reaction






reactants

methane + oxygen

+ H2O(g)

carbondioxide


water+

22

Reactants Products

NaOH(aq)

water


sodium

2 2


+ +

+ +

Reactants Products




Pmass = Rmass

=










Dominion Science


Slide 7

What is Chemistry

Slide 9

The Beginning

Alchemy

Slide 12

Slide 13

Slide 14

Slide 15

Areas of Chemistry


Slide 18



Slide 21





Toxicity


Chemical Exposure


Science


Corning Glass

Aluminum Mining

Slide 34

Slide 35




Slide 39

Types of Data






Slide 46



Slide 49


Graphs

Bar Graph

Pie Graph

Line Graph


Graphing HW



Scientific Notation

Slide 60


Slide 62

Slide 63


Slide 65

Slide 66

Slide 67

Slide 68

Slide 69

Percent Error

Percent Error (2)

Significant Figures

Practice Measuring




How many Sig Figs



Slide 80

Slide 81

Slide 82

Numerical Example

Slide 84


Slide 86

Slide 87


The Metric System







Slide 96

Slide 97

Slide 98

Slide 99

Slide 100


Slide 102

Slide 103

Slide 104

Slide 105

Slide 106


Slide 108

Slide 109

Slide 110

Slide 111


Slide 113

Slide 114

Slide 115



ndash65 x 10ndash19

535 x 103 or 5350

29 x 1023


435 x 106 (123 x 10ndash3) =

576 x 10ndash16 986 x 10ndash4 =

88 x 1011 x 33 x 1011 =

584 x 10ndash13



8 m






eg vs 800 m vs 800000 m

0653 m


eg precisehellip

imprecisehellip

0652 m

0654 m

07 m

08 m

06 m




human error

method error

instrument error






measuring device is



Percent Error


001

accepted

alexperimenterror

accepted

your value




100gmL 136

gmL 136gmL 140error

error = 29


Significant Figures



235 cm


Practice Measuring

45 cm

454 cm

30 cm


cm0 1 2 3 4 5

cm0 1 2 3 4 5

cm0 1 2 3 4 5






A (255 mL) B (1637 mL) C (51 mL)

26

25 164

163

60

50








How many Sig Figs


25 g

0030 kg

1240560 x 106 mg

6 x 104 sec

24631 g

2006 cm

1050 m

012 kg

1240560 cm

6000000 kg

600 x 106 kg

409 cm

29200 dm

002500 g

2

2

7

1

5

4

4

2

7

1

3

3

5

4





SF found5282 x 342 = 1806444

rarr rounded to 487



255 mL + 1637 mL + 51 mL = 9287 mL

93 mL




756

0528396

387600

4200

84845E-4

76 756 75600

38760 x 105388000390000

0528400528053

85 x 10ndash4

42000 x 103 420 x 1034200

848 x 10ndash4 84845 x 10ndash4




064 kgms2

52 kg (29 m)

(18 s)(13 s)=

48 g (23 s)

(18 s)(37 s)= 017 g

s



x = z ndash y





x ndash 24 = 13 +24 +24

x = 37




Numerical Example

Solve for x F = k x

F = k xk k

x = Fk __


( )__1k

F = k x( )__1k

(or)



Numerical Example

Solve for x 8 = 7 x

8 = 7 x7 7


( )__17

8 = 7 x( )__17

(or)



87 __

Solve for x ___ x

BA = TRH

___

BAH = xTR




x =

1TR( )___1

TR( )___


P1 = 108 atm

P2 = 086 atm

V1 = 322 L

V2 = 143 L

T1 = 373 K

P1V1T2 =P2V2T1

____ T1

P1V1 = P2V2

T2

____

1P1V1

( )____ 1P1V1

( )____

T2 = P1V1

______P2V2T1

130T2 = (108 atm)(322 L)_____________________(086 atm)(143 L)(373 K)

= K



The Metric System

from

Indu

stry

Wee

k 1

981

Nov

embe

r 30


kilo hecto deca

Base Units

metergramliter

deci centi milli





mega- M 1000000 106

kilo- k 1000 103

deci- d 01 10-1

centi- c 001 10-2

milli- m 0001 10-3

micro- m 0000001 10-6

nano- n 0000000001 10-9




Also

1 mL = 1 cm3 and 1 L = 1 dm3





conversion factors

equality

or

132 m = 132 cm

1 m = 100 cm

______1 m100 cm




______1 m

100 cm

1 m100 cm

(or 001 m = 1 cm)


conversion factors

equality

or

872 cm = 00872 m

1 m = 100 cm

______1 m100 cm


______1 m

100 cm

1 m100 cm


15000 dm

= 15 km1000 m

1 km10 dm

1 m


= 378432 s1 h

60 min24 h1 d 1 min

60 s____( ) ( )____( )_____438 d



412 cm2


= 4120 mm2

1 cm2

102 mm2

( )2 ( )2

Simple Mathwith

Conversion Factors


A = L W

= (46 cm)(91 cm)

91 cm= 42 cm2 cm

46 cm

Convert to m2 42 cm2 ( )______100 cm

1 m 2 = 00042 m2


cmcm


Find volume

Length = 142 cm

Width = 86 cm

Height = 215 cm

V = L W H

= (142 cm)(86 cm)(215 cm)

= 2600 cm3


Density =

Typical units


Vm D

volumemass m

V D

liquids and gases



1 a formula

water displacement

V = l ∙ w ∙ hV = p ∙ r2 ∙ h

V =

VfinalVinitial


2




Vm

D 3cm 20g 227

m

V D



33 cm 162

cmg

1135 m = D V = 184

3cmg

= 1135

g

V






19300 g

7720 cm3 or 772 L

425 lbs

3cmg


15 cm

18 cm

m

V D

m

V = p r2 h

Vm

D

= p (18 cm)2(15 cm)

= 15268

3cm 15268

g 1195 = 779

cm3


82 cm

51 cm

47 cm

m

V D

Vm

D


m

V = l w h

= 820 cm (510 cm)(470 cm)

3cmg

= 19655

3cm 19655

g 153 = 0778

cm3

lt 1 No it floats






D1

D2

D3

D4

D5

D1

D2

D3

D4

D5


liq

liqliq V

m D sohellip


mliq =


Vliq

mliq Dliq=

VliqDliq




a chemical reaction






reactants

methane + oxygen

+ H2O(g)

carbondioxide


water+

22

Reactants Products

NaOH(aq)

water


sodium

2 2


+ +

+ +

Reactants Products




Pmass = Rmass

=










Dominion Science


Slide 7

What is Chemistry

Slide 9

The Beginning

Alchemy

Slide 12

Slide 13

Slide 14

Slide 15

Areas of Chemistry


Slide 18



Slide 21





Toxicity


Chemical Exposure


Science


Corning Glass

Aluminum Mining

Slide 34

Slide 35




Slide 39

Types of Data






Slide 46



Slide 49


Graphs

Bar Graph

Pie Graph

Line Graph


Graphing HW



Scientific Notation

Slide 60


Slide 62

Slide 63


Slide 65

Slide 66

Slide 67

Slide 68

Slide 69

Percent Error

Percent Error (2)

Significant Figures

Practice Measuring




How many Sig Figs



Slide 80

Slide 81

Slide 82

Numerical Example

Slide 84


Slide 86

Slide 87


The Metric System







Slide 96

Slide 97

Slide 98

Slide 99

Slide 100


Slide 102

Slide 103

Slide 104

Slide 105

Slide 106


Slide 108

Slide 109

Slide 110

Slide 111


Slide 113

Slide 114

Slide 115





8 m






eg vs 800 m vs 800000 m

0653 m


eg precisehellip

imprecisehellip

0652 m

0654 m

07 m

08 m

06 m




human error

method error

instrument error






measuring device is



Percent Error


001

accepted

alexperimenterror

accepted

your value




100gmL 136

gmL 136gmL 140error

error = 29


Significant Figures



235 cm


Practice Measuring

45 cm

454 cm

30 cm


cm0 1 2 3 4 5

cm0 1 2 3 4 5

cm0 1 2 3 4 5






A (255 mL) B (1637 mL) C (51 mL)

26

25 164

163

60

50








How many Sig Figs


25 g

0030 kg

1240560 x 106 mg

6 x 104 sec

24631 g

2006 cm

1050 m

012 kg

1240560 cm

6000000 kg

600 x 106 kg

409 cm

29200 dm

002500 g

2

2

7

1

5

4

4

2

7

1

3

3

5

4





SF found5282 x 342 = 1806444

rarr rounded to 487



255 mL + 1637 mL + 51 mL = 9287 mL

93 mL




756

0528396

387600

4200

84845E-4

76 756 75600

38760 x 105388000390000

0528400528053

85 x 10ndash4

42000 x 103 420 x 1034200

848 x 10ndash4 84845 x 10ndash4




064 kgms2

52 kg (29 m)

(18 s)(13 s)=

48 g (23 s)

(18 s)(37 s)= 017 g

s



x = z ndash y





x ndash 24 = 13 +24 +24

x = 37




Numerical Example

Solve for x F = k x

F = k xk k

x = Fk __


( )__1k

F = k x( )__1k

(or)



Numerical Example

Solve for x 8 = 7 x

8 = 7 x7 7


( )__17

8 = 7 x( )__17

(or)



87 __

Solve for x ___ x

BA = TRH

___

BAH = xTR




x =

1TR( )___1

TR( )___


P1 = 108 atm

P2 = 086 atm

V1 = 322 L

V2 = 143 L

T1 = 373 K

P1V1T2 =P2V2T1

____ T1

P1V1 = P2V2

T2

____

1P1V1

( )____ 1P1V1

( )____

T2 = P1V1

______P2V2T1

130T2 = (108 atm)(322 L)_____________________(086 atm)(143 L)(373 K)

= K



The Metric System

from

Indu

stry

Wee

k 1

981

Nov

embe

r 30


kilo hecto deca

Base Units

metergramliter

deci centi milli





mega- M 1000000 106

kilo- k 1000 103

deci- d 01 10-1

centi- c 001 10-2

milli- m 0001 10-3

micro- m 0000001 10-6

nano- n 0000000001 10-9




Also

1 mL = 1 cm3 and 1 L = 1 dm3





conversion factors

equality

or

132 m = 132 cm

1 m = 100 cm

______1 m100 cm




______1 m

100 cm

1 m100 cm

(or 001 m = 1 cm)


conversion factors

equality

or

872 cm = 00872 m

1 m = 100 cm

______1 m100 cm


______1 m

100 cm

1 m100 cm


15000 dm

= 15 km1000 m

1 km10 dm

1 m


= 378432 s1 h

60 min24 h1 d 1 min

60 s____( ) ( )____( )_____438 d



412 cm2


= 4120 mm2

1 cm2

102 mm2

( )2 ( )2

Simple Mathwith

Conversion Factors


A = L W

= (46 cm)(91 cm)

91 cm= 42 cm2 cm

46 cm

Convert to m2 42 cm2 ( )______100 cm

1 m 2 = 00042 m2


cmcm


Find volume

Length = 142 cm

Width = 86 cm

Height = 215 cm

V = L W H

= (142 cm)(86 cm)(215 cm)

= 2600 cm3


Density =

Typical units


Vm D

volumemass m

V D

liquids and gases



1 a formula

water displacement

V = l ∙ w ∙ hV = p ∙ r2 ∙ h

V =

VfinalVinitial


2




Vm

D 3cm 20g 227

m

V D



33 cm 162

cmg

1135 m = D V = 184

3cmg

= 1135

g

V






19300 g

7720 cm3 or 772 L

425 lbs

3cmg


15 cm

18 cm

m

V D

m

V = p r2 h

Vm

D

= p (18 cm)2(15 cm)

= 15268

3cm 15268

g 1195 = 779

cm3


82 cm

51 cm

47 cm

m

V D

Vm

D


m

V = l w h

= 820 cm (510 cm)(470 cm)

3cmg

= 19655

3cm 19655

g 153 = 0778

cm3

lt 1 No it floats






D1

D2

D3

D4

D5

D1

D2

D3

D4

D5


liq

liqliq V

m D sohellip


mliq =


Vliq

mliq Dliq=

VliqDliq




a chemical reaction






reactants

methane + oxygen

+ H2O(g)

carbondioxide


water+

22

Reactants Products

NaOH(aq)

water


sodium

2 2


+ +

+ +

Reactants Products




Pmass = Rmass

=










Dominion Science


Slide 7

What is Chemistry

Slide 9

The Beginning

Alchemy

Slide 12

Slide 13

Slide 14

Slide 15

Areas of Chemistry


Slide 18



Slide 21





Toxicity


Chemical Exposure


Science


Corning Glass

Aluminum Mining

Slide 34

Slide 35




Slide 39

Types of Data






Slide 46



Slide 49


Graphs

Bar Graph

Pie Graph

Line Graph


Graphing HW



Scientific Notation

Slide 60


Slide 62

Slide 63


Slide 65

Slide 66

Slide 67

Slide 68

Slide 69

Percent Error

Percent Error (2)

Significant Figures

Practice Measuring




How many Sig Figs



Slide 80

Slide 81

Slide 82

Numerical Example

Slide 84


Slide 86

Slide 87


The Metric System







Slide 96

Slide 97

Slide 98

Slide 99

Slide 100


Slide 102

Slide 103

Slide 104

Slide 105

Slide 106


Slide 108

Slide 109

Slide 110

Slide 111


Slide 113

Slide 114

Slide 115



0653 m


eg precisehellip

imprecisehellip

0652 m

0654 m

07 m

08 m

06 m




human error

method error

instrument error






measuring device is



Percent Error


001

accepted

alexperimenterror

accepted

your value




100gmL 136

gmL 136gmL 140error

error = 29


Significant Figures



235 cm


Practice Measuring

45 cm

454 cm

30 cm


cm0 1 2 3 4 5

cm0 1 2 3 4 5

cm0 1 2 3 4 5






A (255 mL) B (1637 mL) C (51 mL)

26

25 164

163

60

50








How many Sig Figs


25 g

0030 kg

1240560 x 106 mg

6 x 104 sec

24631 g

2006 cm

1050 m

012 kg

1240560 cm

6000000 kg

600 x 106 kg

409 cm

29200 dm

002500 g

2

2

7

1

5

4

4

2

7

1

3

3

5

4





SF found5282 x 342 = 1806444

rarr rounded to 487



255 mL + 1637 mL + 51 mL = 9287 mL

93 mL




756

0528396

387600

4200

84845E-4

76 756 75600

38760 x 105388000390000

0528400528053

85 x 10ndash4

42000 x 103 420 x 1034200

848 x 10ndash4 84845 x 10ndash4




064 kgms2

52 kg (29 m)

(18 s)(13 s)=

48 g (23 s)

(18 s)(37 s)= 017 g

s



x = z ndash y





x ndash 24 = 13 +24 +24

x = 37




Numerical Example

Solve for x F = k x

F = k xk k

x = Fk __


( )__1k

F = k x( )__1k

(or)



Numerical Example

Solve for x 8 = 7 x

8 = 7 x7 7


( )__17

8 = 7 x( )__17

(or)



87 __

Solve for x ___ x

BA = TRH

___

BAH = xTR




x =

1TR( )___1

TR( )___


P1 = 108 atm

P2 = 086 atm

V1 = 322 L

V2 = 143 L

T1 = 373 K

P1V1T2 =P2V2T1

____ T1

P1V1 = P2V2

T2

____

1P1V1

( )____ 1P1V1

( )____

T2 = P1V1

______P2V2T1

130T2 = (108 atm)(322 L)_____________________(086 atm)(143 L)(373 K)

= K



The Metric System

from

Indu

stry

Wee

k 1

981

Nov

embe

r 30


kilo hecto deca

Base Units

metergramliter

deci centi milli





mega- M 1000000 106

kilo- k 1000 103

deci- d 01 10-1

centi- c 001 10-2

milli- m 0001 10-3

micro- m 0000001 10-6

nano- n 0000000001 10-9




Also

1 mL = 1 cm3 and 1 L = 1 dm3





conversion factors

equality

or

132 m = 132 cm

1 m = 100 cm

______1 m100 cm




______1 m

100 cm

1 m100 cm

(or 001 m = 1 cm)


conversion factors

equality

or

872 cm = 00872 m

1 m = 100 cm

______1 m100 cm


______1 m

100 cm

1 m100 cm


15000 dm

= 15 km1000 m

1 km10 dm

1 m


= 378432 s1 h

60 min24 h1 d 1 min

60 s____( ) ( )____( )_____438 d



412 cm2


= 4120 mm2

1 cm2

102 mm2

( )2 ( )2

Simple Mathwith

Conversion Factors


A = L W

= (46 cm)(91 cm)

91 cm= 42 cm2 cm

46 cm

Convert to m2 42 cm2 ( )______100 cm

1 m 2 = 00042 m2


cmcm


Find volume

Length = 142 cm

Width = 86 cm

Height = 215 cm

V = L W H

= (142 cm)(86 cm)(215 cm)

= 2600 cm3


Density =

Typical units


Vm D

volumemass m

V D

liquids and gases



1 a formula

water displacement

V = l ∙ w ∙ hV = p ∙ r2 ∙ h

V =

VfinalVinitial


2




Vm

D 3cm 20g 227

m

V D



33 cm 162

cmg

1135 m = D V = 184

3cmg

= 1135

g

V






19300 g

7720 cm3 or 772 L

425 lbs

3cmg


15 cm

18 cm

m

V D

m

V = p r2 h

Vm

D

= p (18 cm)2(15 cm)

= 15268

3cm 15268

g 1195 = 779

cm3


82 cm

51 cm

47 cm

m

V D

Vm

D


m

V = l w h

= 820 cm (510 cm)(470 cm)

3cmg

= 19655

3cm 19655

g 153 = 0778

cm3

lt 1 No it floats






D1

D2

D3

D4

D5

D1

D2

D3

D4

D5


liq

liqliq V

m D sohellip


mliq =


Vliq

mliq Dliq=

VliqDliq




a chemical reaction






reactants

methane + oxygen

+ H2O(g)

carbondioxide


water+

22

Reactants Products

NaOH(aq)

water


sodium

2 2


+ +

+ +

Reactants Products




Pmass = Rmass

=










Dominion Science


Slide 7

What is Chemistry

Slide 9

The Beginning

Alchemy

Slide 12

Slide 13

Slide 14

Slide 15

Areas of Chemistry


Slide 18



Slide 21





Toxicity


Chemical Exposure


Science


Corning Glass

Aluminum Mining

Slide 34

Slide 35




Slide 39

Types of Data






Slide 46



Slide 49


Graphs

Bar Graph

Pie Graph

Line Graph


Graphing HW



Scientific Notation

Slide 60


Slide 62

Slide 63


Slide 65

Slide 66

Slide 67

Slide 68

Slide 69

Percent Error

Percent Error (2)

Significant Figures

Practice Measuring




How many Sig Figs



Slide 80

Slide 81

Slide 82

Numerical Example

Slide 84


Slide 86

Slide 87


The Metric System







Slide 96

Slide 97

Slide 98

Slide 99

Slide 100


Slide 102

Slide 103

Slide 104

Slide 105

Slide 106


Slide 108

Slide 109

Slide 110

Slide 111


Slide 113

Slide 114

Slide 115






human error

method error

instrument error






measuring device is



Percent Error


001

accepted

alexperimenterror

accepted

your value




100gmL 136

gmL 136gmL 140error

error = 29


Significant Figures



235 cm


Practice Measuring

45 cm

454 cm

30 cm


cm0 1 2 3 4 5

cm0 1 2 3 4 5

cm0 1 2 3 4 5






A (255 mL) B (1637 mL) C (51 mL)

26

25 164

163

60

50








How many Sig Figs


25 g

0030 kg

1240560 x 106 mg

6 x 104 sec

24631 g

2006 cm

1050 m

012 kg

1240560 cm

6000000 kg

600 x 106 kg

409 cm

29200 dm

002500 g

2

2

7

1

5

4

4

2

7

1

3

3

5

4





SF found5282 x 342 = 1806444

rarr rounded to 487



255 mL + 1637 mL + 51 mL = 9287 mL

93 mL




756

0528396

387600

4200

84845E-4

76 756 75600

38760 x 105388000390000

0528400528053

85 x 10ndash4

42000 x 103 420 x 1034200

848 x 10ndash4 84845 x 10ndash4




064 kgms2

52 kg (29 m)

(18 s)(13 s)=

48 g (23 s)

(18 s)(37 s)= 017 g

s



x = z ndash y





x ndash 24 = 13 +24 +24

x = 37




Numerical Example

Solve for x F = k x

F = k xk k

x = Fk __


( )__1k

F = k x( )__1k

(or)



Numerical Example

Solve for x 8 = 7 x

8 = 7 x7 7


( )__17

8 = 7 x( )__17

(or)



87 __

Solve for x ___ x

BA = TRH

___

BAH = xTR




x =

1TR( )___1

TR( )___


P1 = 108 atm

P2 = 086 atm

V1 = 322 L

V2 = 143 L

T1 = 373 K

P1V1T2 =P2V2T1

____ T1

P1V1 = P2V2

T2

____

1P1V1

( )____ 1P1V1

( )____

T2 = P1V1

______P2V2T1

130T2 = (108 atm)(322 L)_____________________(086 atm)(143 L)(373 K)

= K



The Metric System

from

Indu

stry

Wee

k 1

981

Nov

embe

r 30


kilo hecto deca

Base Units

metergramliter

deci centi milli





mega- M 1000000 106

kilo- k 1000 103

deci- d 01 10-1

centi- c 001 10-2

milli- m 0001 10-3

micro- m 0000001 10-6

nano- n 0000000001 10-9




Also

1 mL = 1 cm3 and 1 L = 1 dm3





conversion factors

equality

or

132 m = 132 cm

1 m = 100 cm

______1 m100 cm




______1 m

100 cm

1 m100 cm

(or 001 m = 1 cm)


conversion factors

equality

or

872 cm = 00872 m

1 m = 100 cm

______1 m100 cm


______1 m

100 cm

1 m100 cm


15000 dm

= 15 km1000 m

1 km10 dm

1 m


= 378432 s1 h

60 min24 h1 d 1 min

60 s____( ) ( )____( )_____438 d



412 cm2


= 4120 mm2

1 cm2

102 mm2

( )2 ( )2

Simple Mathwith

Conversion Factors


A = L W

= (46 cm)(91 cm)

91 cm= 42 cm2 cm

46 cm

Convert to m2 42 cm2 ( )______100 cm

1 m 2 = 00042 m2


cmcm


Find volume

Length = 142 cm

Width = 86 cm

Height = 215 cm

V = L W H

= (142 cm)(86 cm)(215 cm)

= 2600 cm3


Density =

Typical units


Vm D

volumemass m

V D

liquids and gases



1 a formula

water displacement

V = l ∙ w ∙ hV = p ∙ r2 ∙ h

V =

VfinalVinitial


2




Vm

D 3cm 20g 227

m

V D



33 cm 162

cmg

1135 m = D V = 184

3cmg

= 1135

g

V






19300 g

7720 cm3 or 772 L

425 lbs

3cmg


15 cm

18 cm

m

V D

m

V = p r2 h

Vm

D

= p (18 cm)2(15 cm)

= 15268

3cm 15268

g 1195 = 779

cm3


82 cm

51 cm

47 cm

m

V D

Vm

D


m

V = l w h

= 820 cm (510 cm)(470 cm)

3cmg

= 19655

3cm 19655

g 153 = 0778

cm3

lt 1 No it floats






D1

D2

D3

D4

D5

D1

D2

D3

D4

D5


liq

liqliq V

m D sohellip


mliq =


Vliq

mliq Dliq=

VliqDliq




a chemical reaction






reactants

methane + oxygen

+ H2O(g)

carbondioxide


water+

22

Reactants Products

NaOH(aq)

water


sodium

2 2


+ +

+ +

Reactants Products




Pmass = Rmass

=










Dominion Science


Slide 7

What is Chemistry

Slide 9

The Beginning

Alchemy

Slide 12

Slide 13

Slide 14

Slide 15

Areas of Chemistry


Slide 18



Slide 21





Toxicity


Chemical Exposure


Science


Corning Glass

Aluminum Mining

Slide 34

Slide 35




Slide 39

Types of Data






Slide 46



Slide 49


Graphs

Bar Graph

Pie Graph

Line Graph


Graphing HW



Scientific Notation

Slide 60


Slide 62

Slide 63


Slide 65

Slide 66

Slide 67

Slide 68

Slide 69

Percent Error

Percent Error (2)

Significant Figures

Practice Measuring




How many Sig Figs



Slide 80

Slide 81

Slide 82

Numerical Example

Slide 84


Slide 86

Slide 87


The Metric System







Slide 96

Slide 97

Slide 98

Slide 99

Slide 100


Slide 102

Slide 103

Slide 104

Slide 105

Slide 106


Slide 108

Slide 109

Slide 110

Slide 111


Slide 113

Slide 114

Slide 115



Percent Error


001

accepted

alexperimenterror

accepted

your value




100gmL 136

gmL 136gmL 140error

error = 29


Significant Figures



235 cm


Practice Measuring

45 cm

454 cm

30 cm


cm0 1 2 3 4 5

cm0 1 2 3 4 5

cm0 1 2 3 4 5






A (255 mL) B (1637 mL) C (51 mL)

26

25 164

163

60

50








How many Sig Figs


25 g

0030 kg

1240560 x 106 mg

6 x 104 sec

24631 g

2006 cm

1050 m

012 kg

1240560 cm

6000000 kg

600 x 106 kg

409 cm

29200 dm

002500 g

2

2

7

1

5

4

4

2

7

1

3

3

5

4





SF found5282 x 342 = 1806444

rarr rounded to 487



255 mL + 1637 mL + 51 mL = 9287 mL

93 mL




756

0528396

387600

4200

84845E-4

76 756 75600

38760 x 105388000390000

0528400528053

85 x 10ndash4

42000 x 103 420 x 1034200

848 x 10ndash4 84845 x 10ndash4




064 kgms2

52 kg (29 m)

(18 s)(13 s)=

48 g (23 s)

(18 s)(37 s)= 017 g

s



x = z ndash y





x ndash 24 = 13 +24 +24

x = 37




Numerical Example

Solve for x F = k x

F = k xk k

x = Fk __


( )__1k

F = k x( )__1k

(or)



Numerical Example

Solve for x 8 = 7 x

8 = 7 x7 7


( )__17

8 = 7 x( )__17

(or)



87 __

Solve for x ___ x

BA = TRH

___

BAH = xTR




x =

1TR( )___1

TR( )___


P1 = 108 atm

P2 = 086 atm

V1 = 322 L

V2 = 143 L

T1 = 373 K

P1V1T2 =P2V2T1

____ T1

P1V1 = P2V2

T2

____

1P1V1

( )____ 1P1V1

( )____

T2 = P1V1

______P2V2T1

130T2 = (108 atm)(322 L)_____________________(086 atm)(143 L)(373 K)

= K



The Metric System

from

Indu

stry

Wee

k 1

981

Nov

embe

r 30


kilo hecto deca

Base Units

metergramliter

deci centi milli





mega- M 1000000 106

kilo- k 1000 103

deci- d 01 10-1

centi- c 001 10-2

milli- m 0001 10-3

micro- m 0000001 10-6

nano- n 0000000001 10-9




Also

1 mL = 1 cm3 and 1 L = 1 dm3





conversion factors

equality

or

132 m = 132 cm

1 m = 100 cm

______1 m100 cm




______1 m

100 cm

1 m100 cm

(or 001 m = 1 cm)


conversion factors

equality

or

872 cm = 00872 m

1 m = 100 cm

______1 m100 cm


______1 m

100 cm

1 m100 cm


15000 dm

= 15 km1000 m

1 km10 dm

1 m


= 378432 s1 h

60 min24 h1 d 1 min

60 s____( ) ( )____( )_____438 d



412 cm2


= 4120 mm2

1 cm2

102 mm2

( )2 ( )2

Simple Mathwith

Conversion Factors


A = L W

= (46 cm)(91 cm)

91 cm= 42 cm2 cm

46 cm

Convert to m2 42 cm2 ( )______100 cm

1 m 2 = 00042 m2


cmcm


Find volume

Length = 142 cm

Width = 86 cm

Height = 215 cm

V = L W H

= (142 cm)(86 cm)(215 cm)

= 2600 cm3


Density =

Typical units


Vm D

volumemass m

V D

liquids and gases



1 a formula

water displacement

V = l ∙ w ∙ hV = p ∙ r2 ∙ h

V =

VfinalVinitial


2




Vm

D 3cm 20g 227

m

V D



33 cm 162

cmg

1135 m = D V = 184

3cmg

= 1135

g

V






19300 g

7720 cm3 or 772 L

425 lbs

3cmg


15 cm

18 cm

m

V D

m

V = p r2 h

Vm

D

= p (18 cm)2(15 cm)

= 15268

3cm 15268

g 1195 = 779

cm3


82 cm

51 cm

47 cm

m

V D

Vm

D


m

V = l w h

= 820 cm (510 cm)(470 cm)

3cmg

= 19655

3cm 19655

g 153 = 0778

cm3

lt 1 No it floats






D1

D2

D3

D4

D5

D1

D2

D3

D4

D5


liq

liqliq V

m D sohellip


mliq =


Vliq

mliq Dliq=

VliqDliq




a chemical reaction






reactants

methane + oxygen

+ H2O(g)

carbondioxide


water+

22

Reactants Products

NaOH(aq)

water


sodium

2 2


+ +

+ +

Reactants Products




Pmass = Rmass

=










Dominion Science


Slide 7

What is Chemistry

Slide 9

The Beginning

Alchemy

Slide 12

Slide 13

Slide 14

Slide 15

Areas of Chemistry


Slide 18



Slide 21





Toxicity


Chemical Exposure


Science


Corning Glass

Aluminum Mining

Slide 34

Slide 35




Slide 39

Types of Data






Slide 46



Slide 49


Graphs

Bar Graph

Pie Graph

Line Graph


Graphing HW



Scientific Notation

Slide 60


Slide 62

Slide 63


Slide 65

Slide 66

Slide 67

Slide 68

Slide 69

Percent Error

Percent Error (2)

Significant Figures

Practice Measuring




How many Sig Figs



Slide 80

Slide 81

Slide 82

Numerical Example

Slide 84


Slide 86

Slide 87


The Metric System







Slide 96

Slide 97

Slide 98

Slide 99

Slide 100


Slide 102

Slide 103

Slide 104

Slide 105

Slide 106


Slide 108

Slide 109

Slide 110

Slide 111


Slide 113

Slide 114

Slide 115





100gmL 136

gmL 136gmL 140error

error = 29


Significant Figures



235 cm


Practice Measuring

45 cm

454 cm

30 cm


cm0 1 2 3 4 5

cm0 1 2 3 4 5

cm0 1 2 3 4 5






A (255 mL) B (1637 mL) C (51 mL)

26

25 164

163

60

50








How many Sig Figs


25 g

0030 kg

1240560 x 106 mg

6 x 104 sec

24631 g

2006 cm

1050 m

012 kg

1240560 cm

6000000 kg

600 x 106 kg

409 cm

29200 dm

002500 g

2

2

7

1

5

4

4

2

7

1

3

3

5

4





SF found5282 x 342 = 1806444

rarr rounded to 487



255 mL + 1637 mL + 51 mL = 9287 mL

93 mL




756

0528396

387600

4200

84845E-4

76 756 75600

38760 x 105388000390000

0528400528053

85 x 10ndash4

42000 x 103 420 x 1034200

848 x 10ndash4 84845 x 10ndash4




064 kgms2

52 kg (29 m)

(18 s)(13 s)=

48 g (23 s)

(18 s)(37 s)= 017 g

s



x = z ndash y





x ndash 24 = 13 +24 +24

x = 37




Numerical Example

Solve for x F = k x

F = k xk k

x = Fk __


( )__1k

F = k x( )__1k

(or)



Numerical Example

Solve for x 8 = 7 x

8 = 7 x7 7


( )__17

8 = 7 x( )__17

(or)



87 __

Solve for x ___ x

BA = TRH

___

BAH = xTR




x =

1TR( )___1

TR( )___


P1 = 108 atm

P2 = 086 atm

V1 = 322 L

V2 = 143 L

T1 = 373 K

P1V1T2 =P2V2T1

____ T1

P1V1 = P2V2

T2

____

1P1V1

( )____ 1P1V1

( )____

T2 = P1V1

______P2V2T1

130T2 = (108 atm)(322 L)_____________________(086 atm)(143 L)(373 K)

= K



The Metric System

from

Indu

stry

Wee

k 1

981

Nov

embe

r 30


kilo hecto deca

Base Units

metergramliter

deci centi milli





mega- M 1000000 106

kilo- k 1000 103

deci- d 01 10-1

centi- c 001 10-2

milli- m 0001 10-3

micro- m 0000001 10-6

nano- n 0000000001 10-9




Also

1 mL = 1 cm3 and 1 L = 1 dm3





conversion factors

equality

or

132 m = 132 cm

1 m = 100 cm

______1 m100 cm




______1 m

100 cm

1 m100 cm

(or 001 m = 1 cm)


conversion factors

equality

or

872 cm = 00872 m

1 m = 100 cm

______1 m100 cm


______1 m

100 cm

1 m100 cm


15000 dm

= 15 km1000 m

1 km10 dm

1 m


= 378432 s1 h

60 min24 h1 d 1 min

60 s____( ) ( )____( )_____438 d



412 cm2


= 4120 mm2

1 cm2

102 mm2

( )2 ( )2

Simple Mathwith

Conversion Factors


A = L W

= (46 cm)(91 cm)

91 cm= 42 cm2 cm

46 cm

Convert to m2 42 cm2 ( )______100 cm

1 m 2 = 00042 m2


cmcm


Find volume

Length = 142 cm

Width = 86 cm

Height = 215 cm

V = L W H

= (142 cm)(86 cm)(215 cm)

= 2600 cm3


Density =

Typical units


Vm D

volumemass m

V D

liquids and gases



1 a formula

water displacement

V = l ∙ w ∙ hV = p ∙ r2 ∙ h

V =

VfinalVinitial


2




Vm

D 3cm 20g 227

m

V D



33 cm 162

cmg

1135 m = D V = 184

3cmg

= 1135

g

V






19300 g

7720 cm3 or 772 L

425 lbs

3cmg


15 cm

18 cm

m

V D

m

V = p r2 h

Vm

D

= p (18 cm)2(15 cm)

= 15268

3cm 15268

g 1195 = 779

cm3


82 cm

51 cm

47 cm

m

V D

Vm

D


m

V = l w h

= 820 cm (510 cm)(470 cm)

3cmg

= 19655

3cm 19655

g 153 = 0778

cm3

lt 1 No it floats






D1

D2

D3

D4

D5

D1

D2

D3

D4

D5


liq

liqliq V

m D sohellip


mliq =


Vliq

mliq Dliq=

VliqDliq




a chemical reaction






reactants

methane + oxygen

+ H2O(g)

carbondioxide


water+

22

Reactants Products

NaOH(aq)

water


sodium

2 2


+ +

+ +

Reactants Products




Pmass = Rmass

=










Dominion Science


Slide 7

What is Chemistry

Slide 9

The Beginning

Alchemy

Slide 12

Slide 13

Slide 14

Slide 15

Areas of Chemistry


Slide 18



Slide 21





Toxicity


Chemical Exposure


Science


Corning Glass

Aluminum Mining

Slide 34

Slide 35




Slide 39

Types of Data






Slide 46



Slide 49


Graphs

Bar Graph

Pie Graph

Line Graph


Graphing HW



Scientific Notation

Slide 60


Slide 62

Slide 63


Slide 65

Slide 66

Slide 67

Slide 68

Slide 69

Percent Error

Percent Error (2)

Significant Figures

Practice Measuring




How many Sig Figs



Slide 80

Slide 81

Slide 82

Numerical Example

Slide 84


Slide 86

Slide 87


The Metric System







Slide 96

Slide 97

Slide 98

Slide 99

Slide 100


Slide 102

Slide 103

Slide 104

Slide 105

Slide 106


Slide 108

Slide 109

Slide 110

Slide 111


Slide 113

Slide 114

Slide 115



Significant Figures



235 cm


Practice Measuring

45 cm

454 cm

30 cm


cm0 1 2 3 4 5

cm0 1 2 3 4 5

cm0 1 2 3 4 5






A (255 mL) B (1637 mL) C (51 mL)

26

25 164

163

60

50








How many Sig Figs


25 g

0030 kg

1240560 x 106 mg

6 x 104 sec

24631 g

2006 cm

1050 m

012 kg

1240560 cm

6000000 kg

600 x 106 kg

409 cm

29200 dm

002500 g

2

2

7

1

5

4

4

2

7

1

3

3

5

4





SF found5282 x 342 = 1806444

rarr rounded to 487



255 mL + 1637 mL + 51 mL = 9287 mL

93 mL




756

0528396

387600

4200

84845E-4

76 756 75600

38760 x 105388000390000

0528400528053

85 x 10ndash4

42000 x 103 420 x 1034200

848 x 10ndash4 84845 x 10ndash4




064 kgms2

52 kg (29 m)

(18 s)(13 s)=

48 g (23 s)

(18 s)(37 s)= 017 g

s



x = z ndash y





x ndash 24 = 13 +24 +24

x = 37




Numerical Example

Solve for x F = k x

F = k xk k

x = Fk __


( )__1k

F = k x( )__1k

(or)



Numerical Example

Solve for x 8 = 7 x

8 = 7 x7 7


( )__17

8 = 7 x( )__17

(or)



87 __

Solve for x ___ x

BA = TRH

___

BAH = xTR




x =

1TR( )___1

TR( )___


P1 = 108 atm

P2 = 086 atm

V1 = 322 L

V2 = 143 L

T1 = 373 K

P1V1T2 =P2V2T1

____ T1

P1V1 = P2V2

T2

____

1P1V1

( )____ 1P1V1

( )____

T2 = P1V1

______P2V2T1

130T2 = (108 atm)(322 L)_____________________(086 atm)(143 L)(373 K)

= K



The Metric System

from

Indu

stry

Wee

k 1

981

Nov

embe

r 30


kilo hecto deca

Base Units

metergramliter

deci centi milli





mega- M 1000000 106

kilo- k 1000 103

deci- d 01 10-1

centi- c 001 10-2

milli- m 0001 10-3

micro- m 0000001 10-6

nano- n 0000000001 10-9




Also

1 mL = 1 cm3 and 1 L = 1 dm3





conversion factors

equality

or

132 m = 132 cm

1 m = 100 cm

______1 m100 cm




______1 m

100 cm

1 m100 cm

(or 001 m = 1 cm)


conversion factors

equality

or

872 cm = 00872 m

1 m = 100 cm

______1 m100 cm


______1 m

100 cm

1 m100 cm


15000 dm

= 15 km1000 m

1 km10 dm

1 m


= 378432 s1 h

60 min24 h1 d 1 min

60 s____( ) ( )____( )_____438 d



412 cm2


= 4120 mm2

1 cm2

102 mm2

( )2 ( )2

Simple Mathwith

Conversion Factors


A = L W

= (46 cm)(91 cm)

91 cm= 42 cm2 cm

46 cm

Convert to m2 42 cm2 ( )______100 cm

1 m 2 = 00042 m2


cmcm


Find volume

Length = 142 cm

Width = 86 cm

Height = 215 cm

V = L W H

= (142 cm)(86 cm)(215 cm)

= 2600 cm3


Density =

Typical units


Vm D

volumemass m

V D

liquids and gases



1 a formula

water displacement

V = l ∙ w ∙ hV = p ∙ r2 ∙ h

V =

VfinalVinitial


2




Vm

D 3cm 20g 227

m

V D



33 cm 162

cmg

1135 m = D V = 184

3cmg

= 1135

g

V






19300 g

7720 cm3 or 772 L

425 lbs

3cmg


15 cm

18 cm

m

V D

m

V = p r2 h

Vm

D

= p (18 cm)2(15 cm)

= 15268

3cm 15268

g 1195 = 779

cm3


82 cm

51 cm

47 cm

m

V D

Vm

D


m

V = l w h

= 820 cm (510 cm)(470 cm)

3cmg

= 19655

3cm 19655

g 153 = 0778

cm3

lt 1 No it floats






D1

D2

D3

D4

D5

D1

D2

D3

D4

D5


liq

liqliq V

m D sohellip


mliq =


Vliq

mliq Dliq=

VliqDliq




a chemical reaction






reactants

methane + oxygen

+ H2O(g)

carbondioxide


water+

22

Reactants Products

NaOH(aq)

water


sodium

2 2


+ +

+ +

Reactants Products




Pmass = Rmass

=










Dominion Science


Slide 7

What is Chemistry

Slide 9

The Beginning

Alchemy

Slide 12

Slide 13

Slide 14

Slide 15

Areas of Chemistry


Slide 18



Slide 21





Toxicity


Chemical Exposure


Science


Corning Glass

Aluminum Mining

Slide 34

Slide 35




Slide 39

Types of Data






Slide 46



Slide 49


Graphs

Bar Graph

Pie Graph

Line Graph


Graphing HW



Scientific Notation

Slide 60


Slide 62

Slide 63


Slide 65

Slide 66

Slide 67

Slide 68

Slide 69

Percent Error

Percent Error (2)

Significant Figures

Practice Measuring




How many Sig Figs



Slide 80

Slide 81

Slide 82

Numerical Example

Slide 84


Slide 86

Slide 87


The Metric System







Slide 96

Slide 97

Slide 98

Slide 99

Slide 100


Slide 102

Slide 103

Slide 104

Slide 105

Slide 106


Slide 108

Slide 109

Slide 110

Slide 111


Slide 113

Slide 114

Slide 115



Practice Measuring

45 cm

454 cm

30 cm


cm0 1 2 3 4 5

cm0 1 2 3 4 5

cm0 1 2 3 4 5






A (255 mL) B (1637 mL) C (51 mL)

26

25 164

163

60

50








How many Sig Figs


25 g

0030 kg

1240560 x 106 mg

6 x 104 sec

24631 g

2006 cm

1050 m

012 kg

1240560 cm

6000000 kg

600 x 106 kg

409 cm

29200 dm

002500 g

2

2

7

1

5

4

4

2

7

1

3

3

5

4





SF found5282 x 342 = 1806444

rarr rounded to 487



255 mL + 1637 mL + 51 mL = 9287 mL

93 mL




756

0528396

387600

4200

84845E-4

76 756 75600

38760 x 105388000390000

0528400528053

85 x 10ndash4

42000 x 103 420 x 1034200

848 x 10ndash4 84845 x 10ndash4




064 kgms2

52 kg (29 m)

(18 s)(13 s)=

48 g (23 s)

(18 s)(37 s)= 017 g

s



x = z ndash y





x ndash 24 = 13 +24 +24

x = 37




Numerical Example

Solve for x F = k x

F = k xk k

x = Fk __


( )__1k

F = k x( )__1k

(or)



Numerical Example

Solve for x 8 = 7 x

8 = 7 x7 7


( )__17

8 = 7 x( )__17

(or)



87 __

Solve for x ___ x

BA = TRH

___

BAH = xTR




x =

1TR( )___1

TR( )___


P1 = 108 atm

P2 = 086 atm

V1 = 322 L

V2 = 143 L

T1 = 373 K

P1V1T2 =P2V2T1

____ T1

P1V1 = P2V2

T2

____

1P1V1

( )____ 1P1V1

( )____

T2 = P1V1

______P2V2T1

130T2 = (108 atm)(322 L)_____________________(086 atm)(143 L)(373 K)

= K



The Metric System

from

Indu

stry

Wee

k 1

981

Nov

embe

r 30


kilo hecto deca

Base Units

metergramliter

deci centi milli





mega- M 1000000 106

kilo- k 1000 103

deci- d 01 10-1

centi- c 001 10-2

milli- m 0001 10-3

micro- m 0000001 10-6

nano- n 0000000001 10-9




Also

1 mL = 1 cm3 and 1 L = 1 dm3





conversion factors

equality

or

132 m = 132 cm

1 m = 100 cm

______1 m100 cm




______1 m

100 cm

1 m100 cm

(or 001 m = 1 cm)


conversion factors

equality

or

872 cm = 00872 m

1 m = 100 cm

______1 m100 cm


______1 m

100 cm

1 m100 cm


15000 dm

= 15 km1000 m

1 km10 dm

1 m


= 378432 s1 h

60 min24 h1 d 1 min

60 s____( ) ( )____( )_____438 d



412 cm2


= 4120 mm2

1 cm2

102 mm2

( )2 ( )2

Simple Mathwith

Conversion Factors


A = L W

= (46 cm)(91 cm)

91 cm= 42 cm2 cm

46 cm

Convert to m2 42 cm2 ( )______100 cm

1 m 2 = 00042 m2


cmcm


Find volume

Length = 142 cm

Width = 86 cm

Height = 215 cm

V = L W H

= (142 cm)(86 cm)(215 cm)

= 2600 cm3


Density =

Typical units


Vm D

volumemass m

V D

liquids and gases



1 a formula

water displacement

V = l ∙ w ∙ hV = p ∙ r2 ∙ h

V =

VfinalVinitial


2




Vm

D 3cm 20g 227

m

V D



33 cm 162

cmg

1135 m = D V = 184

3cmg

= 1135

g

V






19300 g

7720 cm3 or 772 L

425 lbs

3cmg


15 cm

18 cm

m

V D

m

V = p r2 h

Vm

D

= p (18 cm)2(15 cm)

= 15268

3cm 15268

g 1195 = 779

cm3


82 cm

51 cm

47 cm

m

V D

Vm

D


m

V = l w h

= 820 cm (510 cm)(470 cm)

3cmg

= 19655

3cm 19655

g 153 = 0778

cm3

lt 1 No it floats






D1

D2

D3

D4

D5

D1

D2

D3

D4

D5


liq

liqliq V

m D sohellip


mliq =


Vliq

mliq Dliq=

VliqDliq




a chemical reaction






reactants

methane + oxygen

+ H2O(g)

carbondioxide


water+

22

Reactants Products

NaOH(aq)

water


sodium

2 2


+ +

+ +

Reactants Products




Pmass = Rmass

=










Dominion Science


Slide 7

What is Chemistry

Slide 9

The Beginning

Alchemy

Slide 12

Slide 13

Slide 14

Slide 15

Areas of Chemistry


Slide 18



Slide 21





Toxicity


Chemical Exposure


Science


Corning Glass

Aluminum Mining

Slide 34

Slide 35




Slide 39

Types of Data






Slide 46



Slide 49


Graphs

Bar Graph

Pie Graph

Line Graph


Graphing HW



Scientific Notation

Slide 60


Slide 62

Slide 63


Slide 65

Slide 66

Slide 67

Slide 68

Slide 69

Percent Error

Percent Error (2)

Significant Figures

Practice Measuring




How many Sig Figs



Slide 80

Slide 81

Slide 82

Numerical Example

Slide 84


Slide 86

Slide 87


The Metric System







Slide 96

Slide 97

Slide 98

Slide 99

Slide 100


Slide 102

Slide 103

Slide 104

Slide 105

Slide 106


Slide 108

Slide 109

Slide 110

Slide 111


Slide 113

Slide 114

Slide 115








A (255 mL) B (1637 mL) C (51 mL)

26

25 164

163

60

50








How many Sig Figs


25 g

0030 kg

1240560 x 106 mg

6 x 104 sec

24631 g

2006 cm

1050 m

012 kg

1240560 cm

6000000 kg

600 x 106 kg

409 cm

29200 dm

002500 g

2

2

7

1

5

4

4

2

7

1

3

3

5

4





SF found5282 x 342 = 1806444

rarr rounded to 487



255 mL + 1637 mL + 51 mL = 9287 mL

93 mL




756

0528396

387600

4200

84845E-4

76 756 75600

38760 x 105388000390000

0528400528053

85 x 10ndash4

42000 x 103 420 x 1034200

848 x 10ndash4 84845 x 10ndash4




064 kgms2

52 kg (29 m)

(18 s)(13 s)=

48 g (23 s)

(18 s)(37 s)= 017 g

s



x = z ndash y





x ndash 24 = 13 +24 +24

x = 37




Numerical Example

Solve for x F = k x

F = k xk k

x = Fk __


( )__1k

F = k x( )__1k

(or)



Numerical Example

Solve for x 8 = 7 x

8 = 7 x7 7


( )__17

8 = 7 x( )__17

(or)



87 __

Solve for x ___ x

BA = TRH

___

BAH = xTR




x =

1TR( )___1

TR( )___


P1 = 108 atm

P2 = 086 atm

V1 = 322 L

V2 = 143 L

T1 = 373 K

P1V1T2 =P2V2T1

____ T1

P1V1 = P2V2

T2

____

1P1V1

( )____ 1P1V1

( )____

T2 = P1V1

______P2V2T1

130T2 = (108 atm)(322 L)_____________________(086 atm)(143 L)(373 K)

= K



The Metric System

from

Indu

stry

Wee

k 1

981

Nov

embe

r 30


kilo hecto deca

Base Units

metergramliter

deci centi milli





mega- M 1000000 106

kilo- k 1000 103

deci- d 01 10-1

centi- c 001 10-2

milli- m 0001 10-3

micro- m 0000001 10-6

nano- n 0000000001 10-9




Also

1 mL = 1 cm3 and 1 L = 1 dm3





conversion factors

equality

or

132 m = 132 cm

1 m = 100 cm

______1 m100 cm




______1 m

100 cm

1 m100 cm

(or 001 m = 1 cm)


conversion factors

equality

or

872 cm = 00872 m

1 m = 100 cm

______1 m100 cm


______1 m

100 cm

1 m100 cm


15000 dm

= 15 km1000 m

1 km10 dm

1 m


= 378432 s1 h

60 min24 h1 d 1 min

60 s____( ) ( )____( )_____438 d



412 cm2


= 4120 mm2

1 cm2

102 mm2

( )2 ( )2

Simple Mathwith

Conversion Factors


A = L W

= (46 cm)(91 cm)

91 cm= 42 cm2 cm

46 cm

Convert to m2 42 cm2 ( )______100 cm

1 m 2 = 00042 m2


cmcm


Find volume

Length = 142 cm

Width = 86 cm

Height = 215 cm

V = L W H

= (142 cm)(86 cm)(215 cm)

= 2600 cm3


Density =

Typical units


Vm D

volumemass m

V D

liquids and gases



1 a formula

water displacement

V = l ∙ w ∙ hV = p ∙ r2 ∙ h

V =

VfinalVinitial


2




Vm

D 3cm 20g 227

m

V D



33 cm 162

cmg

1135 m = D V = 184

3cmg

= 1135

g

V






19300 g

7720 cm3 or 772 L

425 lbs

3cmg


15 cm

18 cm

m

V D

m

V = p r2 h

Vm

D

= p (18 cm)2(15 cm)

= 15268

3cm 15268

g 1195 = 779

cm3


82 cm

51 cm

47 cm

m

V D

Vm

D


m

V = l w h

= 820 cm (510 cm)(470 cm)

3cmg

= 19655

3cm 19655

g 153 = 0778

cm3

lt 1 No it floats






D1

D2

D3

D4

D5

D1

D2

D3

D4

D5


liq

liqliq V

m D sohellip


mliq =


Vliq

mliq Dliq=

VliqDliq




a chemical reaction






reactants

methane + oxygen

+ H2O(g)

carbondioxide


water+

22

Reactants Products

NaOH(aq)

water


sodium

2 2


+ +

+ +

Reactants Products




Pmass = Rmass

=










Dominion Science


Slide 7

What is Chemistry

Slide 9

The Beginning

Alchemy

Slide 12

Slide 13

Slide 14

Slide 15

Areas of Chemistry


Slide 18



Slide 21





Toxicity


Chemical Exposure


Science


Corning Glass

Aluminum Mining

Slide 34

Slide 35




Slide 39

Types of Data






Slide 46



Slide 49


Graphs

Bar Graph

Pie Graph

Line Graph


Graphing HW



Scientific Notation

Slide 60


Slide 62

Slide 63


Slide 65

Slide 66

Slide 67

Slide 68

Slide 69

Percent Error

Percent Error (2)

Significant Figures

Practice Measuring




How many Sig Figs



Slide 80

Slide 81

Slide 82

Numerical Example

Slide 84


Slide 86

Slide 87


The Metric System







Slide 96

Slide 97

Slide 98

Slide 99

Slide 100


Slide 102

Slide 103

Slide 104

Slide 105

Slide 106


Slide 108

Slide 109

Slide 110

Slide 111


Slide 113

Slide 114

Slide 115










How many Sig Figs


25 g

0030 kg

1240560 x 106 mg

6 x 104 sec

24631 g

2006 cm

1050 m

012 kg

1240560 cm

6000000 kg

600 x 106 kg

409 cm

29200 dm

002500 g

2

2

7

1

5

4

4

2

7

1

3

3

5

4





SF found5282 x 342 = 1806444

rarr rounded to 487



255 mL + 1637 mL + 51 mL = 9287 mL

93 mL




756

0528396

387600

4200

84845E-4

76 756 75600

38760 x 105388000390000

0528400528053

85 x 10ndash4

42000 x 103 420 x 1034200

848 x 10ndash4 84845 x 10ndash4




064 kgms2

52 kg (29 m)

(18 s)(13 s)=

48 g (23 s)

(18 s)(37 s)= 017 g

s



x = z ndash y





x ndash 24 = 13 +24 +24

x = 37




Numerical Example

Solve for x F = k x

F = k xk k

x = Fk __


( )__1k

F = k x( )__1k

(or)



Numerical Example

Solve for x 8 = 7 x

8 = 7 x7 7


( )__17

8 = 7 x( )__17

(or)



87 __

Solve for x ___ x

BA = TRH

___

BAH = xTR




x =

1TR( )___1

TR( )___


P1 = 108 atm

P2 = 086 atm

V1 = 322 L

V2 = 143 L

T1 = 373 K

P1V1T2 =P2V2T1

____ T1

P1V1 = P2V2

T2

____

1P1V1

( )____ 1P1V1

( )____

T2 = P1V1

______P2V2T1

130T2 = (108 atm)(322 L)_____________________(086 atm)(143 L)(373 K)

= K



The Metric System

from

Indu

stry

Wee

k 1

981

Nov

embe

r 30


kilo hecto deca

Base Units

metergramliter

deci centi milli





mega- M 1000000 106

kilo- k 1000 103

deci- d 01 10-1

centi- c 001 10-2

milli- m 0001 10-3

micro- m 0000001 10-6

nano- n 0000000001 10-9




Also

1 mL = 1 cm3 and 1 L = 1 dm3





conversion factors

equality

or

132 m = 132 cm

1 m = 100 cm

______1 m100 cm




______1 m

100 cm

1 m100 cm

(or 001 m = 1 cm)


conversion factors

equality

or

872 cm = 00872 m

1 m = 100 cm

______1 m100 cm


______1 m

100 cm

1 m100 cm


15000 dm

= 15 km1000 m

1 km10 dm

1 m


= 378432 s1 h

60 min24 h1 d 1 min

60 s____( ) ( )____( )_____438 d



412 cm2


= 4120 mm2

1 cm2

102 mm2

( )2 ( )2

Simple Mathwith

Conversion Factors


A = L W

= (46 cm)(91 cm)

91 cm= 42 cm2 cm

46 cm

Convert to m2 42 cm2 ( )______100 cm

1 m 2 = 00042 m2


cmcm


Find volume

Length = 142 cm

Width = 86 cm

Height = 215 cm

V = L W H

= (142 cm)(86 cm)(215 cm)

= 2600 cm3


Density =

Typical units


Vm D

volumemass m

V D

liquids and gases



1 a formula

water displacement

V = l ∙ w ∙ hV = p ∙ r2 ∙ h

V =

VfinalVinitial


2




Vm

D 3cm 20g 227

m

V D



33 cm 162

cmg

1135 m = D V = 184

3cmg

= 1135

g

V






19300 g

7720 cm3 or 772 L

425 lbs

3cmg


15 cm

18 cm

m

V D

m

V = p r2 h

Vm

D

= p (18 cm)2(15 cm)

= 15268

3cm 15268

g 1195 = 779

cm3


82 cm

51 cm

47 cm

m

V D

Vm

D


m

V = l w h

= 820 cm (510 cm)(470 cm)

3cmg

= 19655

3cm 19655

g 153 = 0778

cm3

lt 1 No it floats






D1

D2

D3

D4

D5

D1

D2

D3

D4

D5


liq

liqliq V

m D sohellip


mliq =


Vliq

mliq Dliq=

VliqDliq




a chemical reaction






reactants

methane + oxygen

+ H2O(g)

carbondioxide


water+

22

Reactants Products

NaOH(aq)

water


sodium

2 2


+ +

+ +

Reactants Products




Pmass = Rmass

=










Dominion Science


Slide 7

What is Chemistry

Slide 9

The Beginning

Alchemy

Slide 12

Slide 13

Slide 14

Slide 15

Areas of Chemistry


Slide 18



Slide 21





Toxicity


Chemical Exposure


Science


Corning Glass

Aluminum Mining

Slide 34

Slide 35




Slide 39

Types of Data






Slide 46



Slide 49


Graphs

Bar Graph

Pie Graph

Line Graph


Graphing HW



Scientific Notation

Slide 60


Slide 62

Slide 63


Slide 65

Slide 66

Slide 67

Slide 68

Slide 69

Percent Error

Percent Error (2)

Significant Figures

Practice Measuring




How many Sig Figs



Slide 80

Slide 81

Slide 82

Numerical Example

Slide 84


Slide 86

Slide 87


The Metric System







Slide 96

Slide 97

Slide 98

Slide 99

Slide 100


Slide 102

Slide 103

Slide 104

Slide 105

Slide 106


Slide 108

Slide 109

Slide 110

Slide 111


Slide 113

Slide 114

Slide 115







SF found5282 x 342 = 1806444

rarr rounded to 487



255 mL + 1637 mL + 51 mL = 9287 mL

93 mL




756

0528396

387600

4200

84845E-4

76 756 75600

38760 x 105388000390000

0528400528053

85 x 10ndash4

42000 x 103 420 x 1034200

848 x 10ndash4 84845 x 10ndash4




064 kgms2

52 kg (29 m)

(18 s)(13 s)=

48 g (23 s)

(18 s)(37 s)= 017 g

s



x = z ndash y





x ndash 24 = 13 +24 +24

x = 37




Numerical Example

Solve for x F = k x

F = k xk k

x = Fk __


( )__1k

F = k x( )__1k

(or)



Numerical Example

Solve for x 8 = 7 x

8 = 7 x7 7


( )__17

8 = 7 x( )__17

(or)



87 __

Solve for x ___ x

BA = TRH

___

BAH = xTR




x =

1TR( )___1

TR( )___


P1 = 108 atm

P2 = 086 atm

V1 = 322 L

V2 = 143 L

T1 = 373 K

P1V1T2 =P2V2T1

____ T1

P1V1 = P2V2

T2

____

1P1V1

( )____ 1P1V1

( )____

T2 = P1V1

______P2V2T1

130T2 = (108 atm)(322 L)_____________________(086 atm)(143 L)(373 K)

= K



The Metric System

from

Indu

stry

Wee

k 1

981

Nov

embe

r 30


kilo hecto deca

Base Units

metergramliter

deci centi milli





mega- M 1000000 106

kilo- k 1000 103

deci- d 01 10-1

centi- c 001 10-2

milli- m 0001 10-3

micro- m 0000001 10-6

nano- n 0000000001 10-9




Also

1 mL = 1 cm3 and 1 L = 1 dm3





conversion factors

equality

or

132 m = 132 cm

1 m = 100 cm

______1 m100 cm




______1 m

100 cm

1 m100 cm

(or 001 m = 1 cm)


conversion factors

equality

or

872 cm = 00872 m

1 m = 100 cm

______1 m100 cm


______1 m

100 cm

1 m100 cm


15000 dm

= 15 km1000 m

1 km10 dm

1 m


= 378432 s1 h

60 min24 h1 d 1 min

60 s____( ) ( )____( )_____438 d



412 cm2


= 4120 mm2

1 cm2

102 mm2

( )2 ( )2

Simple Mathwith

Conversion Factors


A = L W

= (46 cm)(91 cm)

91 cm= 42 cm2 cm

46 cm

Convert to m2 42 cm2 ( )______100 cm

1 m 2 = 00042 m2


cmcm


Find volume

Length = 142 cm

Width = 86 cm

Height = 215 cm

V = L W H

= (142 cm)(86 cm)(215 cm)

= 2600 cm3


Density =

Typical units


Vm D

volumemass m

V D

liquids and gases



1 a formula

water displacement

V = l ∙ w ∙ hV = p ∙ r2 ∙ h

V =

VfinalVinitial


2




Vm

D 3cm 20g 227

m

V D



33 cm 162

cmg

1135 m = D V = 184

3cmg

= 1135

g

V






19300 g

7720 cm3 or 772 L

425 lbs

3cmg


15 cm

18 cm

m

V D

m

V = p r2 h

Vm

D

= p (18 cm)2(15 cm)

= 15268

3cm 15268

g 1195 = 779

cm3


82 cm

51 cm

47 cm

m

V D

Vm

D


m

V = l w h

= 820 cm (510 cm)(470 cm)

3cmg

= 19655

3cm 19655

g 153 = 0778

cm3

lt 1 No it floats






D1

D2

D3

D4

D5

D1

D2

D3

D4

D5


liq

liqliq V

m D sohellip


mliq =


Vliq

mliq Dliq=

VliqDliq




a chemical reaction






reactants

methane + oxygen

+ H2O(g)

carbondioxide


water+

22

Reactants Products

NaOH(aq)

water


sodium

2 2


+ +

+ +

Reactants Products




Pmass = Rmass

=










Dominion Science


Slide 7

What is Chemistry

Slide 9

The Beginning

Alchemy

Slide 12

Slide 13

Slide 14

Slide 15

Areas of Chemistry


Slide 18



Slide 21





Toxicity


Chemical Exposure


Science


Corning Glass

Aluminum Mining

Slide 34

Slide 35




Slide 39

Types of Data






Slide 46



Slide 49


Graphs

Bar Graph

Pie Graph

Line Graph


Graphing HW



Scientific Notation

Slide 60


Slide 62

Slide 63


Slide 65

Slide 66

Slide 67

Slide 68

Slide 69

Percent Error

Percent Error (2)

Significant Figures

Practice Measuring




How many Sig Figs



Slide 80

Slide 81

Slide 82

Numerical Example

Slide 84


Slide 86

Slide 87


The Metric System







Slide 96

Slide 97

Slide 98

Slide 99

Slide 100


Slide 102

Slide 103

Slide 104

Slide 105

Slide 106


Slide 108

Slide 109

Slide 110

Slide 111


Slide 113

Slide 114

Slide 115




255 mL + 1637 mL + 51 mL = 9287 mL

93 mL




756

0528396

387600

4200

84845E-4

76 756 75600

38760 x 105388000390000

0528400528053

85 x 10ndash4

42000 x 103 420 x 1034200

848 x 10ndash4 84845 x 10ndash4




064 kgms2

52 kg (29 m)

(18 s)(13 s)=

48 g (23 s)

(18 s)(37 s)= 017 g

s



x = z ndash y





x ndash 24 = 13 +24 +24

x = 37




Numerical Example

Solve for x F = k x

F = k xk k

x = Fk __


( )__1k

F = k x( )__1k

(or)



Numerical Example

Solve for x 8 = 7 x

8 = 7 x7 7


( )__17

8 = 7 x( )__17

(or)



87 __

Solve for x ___ x

BA = TRH

___

BAH = xTR




x =

1TR( )___1

TR( )___


P1 = 108 atm

P2 = 086 atm

V1 = 322 L

V2 = 143 L

T1 = 373 K

P1V1T2 =P2V2T1

____ T1

P1V1 = P2V2

T2

____

1P1V1

( )____ 1P1V1

( )____

T2 = P1V1

______P2V2T1

130T2 = (108 atm)(322 L)_____________________(086 atm)(143 L)(373 K)

= K



The Metric System

from

Indu

stry

Wee

k 1

981

Nov

embe

r 30


kilo hecto deca

Base Units

metergramliter

deci centi milli





mega- M 1000000 106

kilo- k 1000 103

deci- d 01 10-1

centi- c 001 10-2

milli- m 0001 10-3

micro- m 0000001 10-6

nano- n 0000000001 10-9




Also

1 mL = 1 cm3 and 1 L = 1 dm3





conversion factors

equality

or

132 m = 132 cm

1 m = 100 cm

______1 m100 cm




______1 m

100 cm

1 m100 cm

(or 001 m = 1 cm)


conversion factors

equality

or

872 cm = 00872 m

1 m = 100 cm

______1 m100 cm


______1 m

100 cm

1 m100 cm


15000 dm

= 15 km1000 m

1 km10 dm

1 m


= 378432 s1 h

60 min24 h1 d 1 min

60 s____( ) ( )____( )_____438 d



412 cm2


= 4120 mm2

1 cm2

102 mm2

( )2 ( )2

Simple Mathwith

Conversion Factors


A = L W

= (46 cm)(91 cm)

91 cm= 42 cm2 cm

46 cm

Convert to m2 42 cm2 ( )______100 cm

1 m 2 = 00042 m2


cmcm


Find volume

Length = 142 cm

Width = 86 cm

Height = 215 cm

V = L W H

= (142 cm)(86 cm)(215 cm)

= 2600 cm3


Density =

Typical units


Vm D

volumemass m

V D

liquids and gases



1 a formula

water displacement

V = l ∙ w ∙ hV = p ∙ r2 ∙ h

V =

VfinalVinitial


2




Vm

D 3cm 20g 227

m

V D



33 cm 162

cmg

1135 m = D V = 184

3cmg

= 1135

g

V






19300 g

7720 cm3 or 772 L

425 lbs

3cmg


15 cm

18 cm

m

V D

m

V = p r2 h

Vm

D

= p (18 cm)2(15 cm)

= 15268

3cm 15268

g 1195 = 779

cm3


82 cm

51 cm

47 cm

m

V D

Vm

D


m

V = l w h

= 820 cm (510 cm)(470 cm)

3cmg

= 19655

3cm 19655

g 153 = 0778

cm3

lt 1 No it floats






D1

D2

D3

D4

D5

D1

D2

D3

D4

D5


liq

liqliq V

m D sohellip


mliq =


Vliq

mliq Dliq=

VliqDliq




a chemical reaction






reactants

methane + oxygen

+ H2O(g)

carbondioxide


water+

22

Reactants Products

NaOH(aq)

water


sodium

2 2


+ +

+ +

Reactants Products




Pmass = Rmass

=










Dominion Science


Slide 7

What is Chemistry

Slide 9

The Beginning

Alchemy

Slide 12

Slide 13

Slide 14

Slide 15

Areas of Chemistry


Slide 18



Slide 21





Toxicity


Chemical Exposure


Science


Corning Glass

Aluminum Mining

Slide 34

Slide 35




Slide 39

Types of Data






Slide 46



Slide 49


Graphs

Bar Graph

Pie Graph

Line Graph


Graphing HW



Scientific Notation

Slide 60


Slide 62

Slide 63


Slide 65

Slide 66

Slide 67

Slide 68

Slide 69

Percent Error

Percent Error (2)

Significant Figures

Practice Measuring




How many Sig Figs



Slide 80

Slide 81

Slide 82

Numerical Example

Slide 84


Slide 86

Slide 87


The Metric System







Slide 96

Slide 97

Slide 98

Slide 99

Slide 100


Slide 102

Slide 103

Slide 104

Slide 105

Slide 106


Slide 108

Slide 109

Slide 110

Slide 111


Slide 113

Slide 114

Slide 115





756

0528396

387600

4200

84845E-4

76 756 75600

38760 x 105388000390000

0528400528053

85 x 10ndash4

42000 x 103 420 x 1034200

848 x 10ndash4 84845 x 10ndash4




064 kgms2

52 kg (29 m)

(18 s)(13 s)=

48 g (23 s)

(18 s)(37 s)= 017 g

s



x = z ndash y





x ndash 24 = 13 +24 +24

x = 37




Numerical Example

Solve for x F = k x

F = k xk k

x = Fk __


( )__1k

F = k x( )__1k

(or)



Numerical Example

Solve for x 8 = 7 x

8 = 7 x7 7


( )__17

8 = 7 x( )__17

(or)



87 __

Solve for x ___ x

BA = TRH

___

BAH = xTR




x =

1TR( )___1

TR( )___


P1 = 108 atm

P2 = 086 atm

V1 = 322 L

V2 = 143 L

T1 = 373 K

P1V1T2 =P2V2T1

____ T1

P1V1 = P2V2

T2

____

1P1V1

( )____ 1P1V1

( )____

T2 = P1V1

______P2V2T1

130T2 = (108 atm)(322 L)_____________________(086 atm)(143 L)(373 K)

= K



The Metric System

from

Indu

stry

Wee

k 1

981

Nov

embe

r 30


kilo hecto deca

Base Units

metergramliter

deci centi milli





mega- M 1000000 106

kilo- k 1000 103

deci- d 01 10-1

centi- c 001 10-2

milli- m 0001 10-3

micro- m 0000001 10-6

nano- n 0000000001 10-9




Also

1 mL = 1 cm3 and 1 L = 1 dm3





conversion factors

equality

or

132 m = 132 cm

1 m = 100 cm

______1 m100 cm




______1 m

100 cm

1 m100 cm

(or 001 m = 1 cm)


conversion factors

equality

or

872 cm = 00872 m

1 m = 100 cm

______1 m100 cm


______1 m

100 cm

1 m100 cm


15000 dm

= 15 km1000 m

1 km10 dm

1 m


= 378432 s1 h

60 min24 h1 d 1 min

60 s____( ) ( )____( )_____438 d



412 cm2


= 4120 mm2

1 cm2

102 mm2

( )2 ( )2

Simple Mathwith

Conversion Factors


A = L W

= (46 cm)(91 cm)

91 cm= 42 cm2 cm

46 cm

Convert to m2 42 cm2 ( )______100 cm

1 m 2 = 00042 m2


cmcm


Find volume

Length = 142 cm

Width = 86 cm

Height = 215 cm

V = L W H

= (142 cm)(86 cm)(215 cm)

= 2600 cm3


Density =

Typical units


Vm D

volumemass m

V D

liquids and gases



1 a formula

water displacement

V = l ∙ w ∙ hV = p ∙ r2 ∙ h

V =

VfinalVinitial


2




Vm

D 3cm 20g 227

m

V D



33 cm 162

cmg

1135 m = D V = 184

3cmg

= 1135

g

V






19300 g

7720 cm3 or 772 L

425 lbs

3cmg


15 cm

18 cm

m

V D

m

V = p r2 h

Vm

D

= p (18 cm)2(15 cm)

= 15268

3cm 15268

g 1195 = 779

cm3


82 cm

51 cm

47 cm

m

V D

Vm

D


m

V = l w h

= 820 cm (510 cm)(470 cm)

3cmg

= 19655

3cm 19655

g 153 = 0778

cm3

lt 1 No it floats






D1

D2

D3

D4

D5

D1

D2

D3

D4

D5


liq

liqliq V

m D sohellip


mliq =


Vliq

mliq Dliq=

VliqDliq




a chemical reaction






reactants

methane + oxygen

+ H2O(g)

carbondioxide


water+

22

Reactants Products

NaOH(aq)

water


sodium

2 2


+ +

+ +

Reactants Products




Pmass = Rmass

=










Dominion Science


Slide 7

What is Chemistry

Slide 9

The Beginning

Alchemy

Slide 12

Slide 13

Slide 14

Slide 15

Areas of Chemistry


Slide 18



Slide 21





Toxicity


Chemical Exposure


Science


Corning Glass

Aluminum Mining

Slide 34

Slide 35




Slide 39

Types of Data






Slide 46



Slide 49


Graphs

Bar Graph

Pie Graph

Line Graph


Graphing HW



Scientific Notation

Slide 60


Slide 62

Slide 63


Slide 65

Slide 66

Slide 67

Slide 68

Slide 69

Percent Error

Percent Error (2)

Significant Figures

Practice Measuring




How many Sig Figs



Slide 80

Slide 81

Slide 82

Numerical Example

Slide 84


Slide 86

Slide 87


The Metric System







Slide 96

Slide 97

Slide 98

Slide 99

Slide 100


Slide 102

Slide 103

Slide 104

Slide 105

Slide 106


Slide 108

Slide 109

Slide 110

Slide 111


Slide 113

Slide 114

Slide 115





064 kgms2

52 kg (29 m)

(18 s)(13 s)=

48 g (23 s)

(18 s)(37 s)= 017 g

s



x = z ndash y





x ndash 24 = 13 +24 +24

x = 37




Numerical Example

Solve for x F = k x

F = k xk k

x = Fk __


( )__1k

F = k x( )__1k

(or)



Numerical Example

Solve for x 8 = 7 x

8 = 7 x7 7


( )__17

8 = 7 x( )__17

(or)



87 __

Solve for x ___ x

BA = TRH

___

BAH = xTR




x =

1TR( )___1

TR( )___


P1 = 108 atm

P2 = 086 atm

V1 = 322 L

V2 = 143 L

T1 = 373 K

P1V1T2 =P2V2T1

____ T1

P1V1 = P2V2

T2

____

1P1V1

( )____ 1P1V1

( )____

T2 = P1V1

______P2V2T1

130T2 = (108 atm)(322 L)_____________________(086 atm)(143 L)(373 K)

= K



The Metric System

from

Indu

stry

Wee

k 1

981

Nov

embe

r 30


kilo hecto deca

Base Units

metergramliter

deci centi milli





mega- M 1000000 106

kilo- k 1000 103

deci- d 01 10-1

centi- c 001 10-2

milli- m 0001 10-3

micro- m 0000001 10-6

nano- n 0000000001 10-9




Also

1 mL = 1 cm3 and 1 L = 1 dm3





conversion factors

equality

or

132 m = 132 cm

1 m = 100 cm

______1 m100 cm




______1 m

100 cm

1 m100 cm

(or 001 m = 1 cm)


conversion factors

equality

or

872 cm = 00872 m

1 m = 100 cm

______1 m100 cm


______1 m

100 cm

1 m100 cm


15000 dm

= 15 km1000 m

1 km10 dm

1 m


= 378432 s1 h

60 min24 h1 d 1 min

60 s____( ) ( )____( )_____438 d



412 cm2


= 4120 mm2

1 cm2

102 mm2

( )2 ( )2

Simple Mathwith

Conversion Factors


A = L W

= (46 cm)(91 cm)

91 cm= 42 cm2 cm

46 cm

Convert to m2 42 cm2 ( )______100 cm

1 m 2 = 00042 m2


cmcm


Find volume

Length = 142 cm

Width = 86 cm

Height = 215 cm

V = L W H

= (142 cm)(86 cm)(215 cm)

= 2600 cm3


Density =

Typical units


Vm D

volumemass m

V D

liquids and gases



1 a formula

water displacement

V = l ∙ w ∙ hV = p ∙ r2 ∙ h

V =

VfinalVinitial


2




Vm

D 3cm 20g 227

m

V D



33 cm 162

cmg

1135 m = D V = 184

3cmg

= 1135

g

V






19300 g

7720 cm3 or 772 L

425 lbs

3cmg


15 cm

18 cm

m

V D

m

V = p r2 h

Vm

D

= p (18 cm)2(15 cm)

= 15268

3cm 15268

g 1195 = 779

cm3


82 cm

51 cm

47 cm

m

V D

Vm

D


m

V = l w h

= 820 cm (510 cm)(470 cm)

3cmg

= 19655

3cm 19655

g 153 = 0778

cm3

lt 1 No it floats






D1

D2

D3

D4

D5

D1

D2

D3

D4

D5


liq

liqliq V

m D sohellip


mliq =


Vliq

mliq Dliq=

VliqDliq




a chemical reaction






reactants

methane + oxygen

+ H2O(g)

carbondioxide


water+

22

Reactants Products

NaOH(aq)

water


sodium

2 2


+ +

+ +

Reactants Products




Pmass = Rmass

=










Dominion Science


Slide 7

What is Chemistry

Slide 9

The Beginning

Alchemy

Slide 12

Slide 13

Slide 14

Slide 15

Areas of Chemistry


Slide 18



Slide 21





Toxicity


Chemical Exposure


Science


Corning Glass

Aluminum Mining

Slide 34

Slide 35




Slide 39

Types of Data






Slide 46



Slide 49


Graphs

Bar Graph

Pie Graph

Line Graph


Graphing HW



Scientific Notation

Slide 60


Slide 62

Slide 63


Slide 65

Slide 66

Slide 67

Slide 68

Slide 69

Percent Error

Percent Error (2)

Significant Figures

Practice Measuring




How many Sig Figs



Slide 80

Slide 81

Slide 82

Numerical Example

Slide 84


Slide 86

Slide 87


The Metric System







Slide 96

Slide 97

Slide 98

Slide 99

Slide 100


Slide 102

Slide 103

Slide 104

Slide 105

Slide 106


Slide 108

Slide 109

Slide 110

Slide 111


Slide 113

Slide 114

Slide 115





x = z ndash y





x ndash 24 = 13 +24 +24

x = 37




Numerical Example

Solve for x F = k x

F = k xk k

x = Fk __


( )__1k

F = k x( )__1k

(or)



Numerical Example

Solve for x 8 = 7 x

8 = 7 x7 7


( )__17

8 = 7 x( )__17

(or)



87 __

Solve for x ___ x

BA = TRH

___

BAH = xTR




x =

1TR( )___1

TR( )___


P1 = 108 atm

P2 = 086 atm

V1 = 322 L

V2 = 143 L

T1 = 373 K

P1V1T2 =P2V2T1

____ T1

P1V1 = P2V2

T2

____

1P1V1

( )____ 1P1V1

( )____

T2 = P1V1

______P2V2T1

130T2 = (108 atm)(322 L)_____________________(086 atm)(143 L)(373 K)

= K



The Metric System

from

Indu

stry

Wee

k 1

981

Nov

embe

r 30


kilo hecto deca

Base Units

metergramliter

deci centi milli





mega- M 1000000 106

kilo- k 1000 103

deci- d 01 10-1

centi- c 001 10-2

milli- m 0001 10-3

micro- m 0000001 10-6

nano- n 0000000001 10-9




Also

1 mL = 1 cm3 and 1 L = 1 dm3





conversion factors

equality

or

132 m = 132 cm

1 m = 100 cm

______1 m100 cm




______1 m

100 cm

1 m100 cm

(or 001 m = 1 cm)


conversion factors

equality

or

872 cm = 00872 m

1 m = 100 cm

______1 m100 cm


______1 m

100 cm

1 m100 cm


15000 dm

= 15 km1000 m

1 km10 dm

1 m


= 378432 s1 h

60 min24 h1 d 1 min

60 s____( ) ( )____( )_____438 d



412 cm2


= 4120 mm2

1 cm2

102 mm2

( )2 ( )2

Simple Mathwith

Conversion Factors


A = L W

= (46 cm)(91 cm)

91 cm= 42 cm2 cm

46 cm

Convert to m2 42 cm2 ( )______100 cm

1 m 2 = 00042 m2


cmcm


Find volume

Length = 142 cm

Width = 86 cm

Height = 215 cm

V = L W H

= (142 cm)(86 cm)(215 cm)

= 2600 cm3


Density =

Typical units


Vm D

volumemass m

V D

liquids and gases



1 a formula

water displacement

V = l ∙ w ∙ hV = p ∙ r2 ∙ h

V =

VfinalVinitial


2




Vm

D 3cm 20g 227

m

V D



33 cm 162

cmg

1135 m = D V = 184

3cmg

= 1135

g

V






19300 g

7720 cm3 or 772 L

425 lbs

3cmg


15 cm

18 cm

m

V D

m

V = p r2 h

Vm

D

= p (18 cm)2(15 cm)

= 15268

3cm 15268

g 1195 = 779

cm3


82 cm

51 cm

47 cm

m

V D

Vm

D


m

V = l w h

= 820 cm (510 cm)(470 cm)

3cmg

= 19655

3cm 19655

g 153 = 0778

cm3

lt 1 No it floats






D1

D2

D3

D4

D5

D1

D2

D3

D4

D5


liq

liqliq V

m D sohellip


mliq =


Vliq

mliq Dliq=

VliqDliq




a chemical reaction






reactants

methane + oxygen

+ H2O(g)

carbondioxide


water+

22

Reactants Products

NaOH(aq)

water


sodium

2 2


+ +

+ +

Reactants Products




Pmass = Rmass

=










Dominion Science


Slide 7

What is Chemistry

Slide 9

The Beginning

Alchemy

Slide 12

Slide 13

Slide 14

Slide 15

Areas of Chemistry


Slide 18



Slide 21





Toxicity


Chemical Exposure


Science


Corning Glass

Aluminum Mining

Slide 34

Slide 35




Slide 39

Types of Data






Slide 46



Slide 49


Graphs

Bar Graph

Pie Graph

Line Graph


Graphing HW



Scientific Notation

Slide 60


Slide 62

Slide 63


Slide 65

Slide 66

Slide 67

Slide 68

Slide 69

Percent Error

Percent Error (2)

Significant Figures

Practice Measuring




How many Sig Figs



Slide 80

Slide 81

Slide 82

Numerical Example

Slide 84


Slide 86

Slide 87


The Metric System







Slide 96

Slide 97

Slide 98

Slide 99

Slide 100


Slide 102

Slide 103

Slide 104

Slide 105

Slide 106


Slide 108

Slide 109

Slide 110

Slide 111


Slide 113

Slide 114

Slide 115




x ndash 24 = 13 +24 +24

x = 37




Numerical Example

Solve for x F = k x

F = k xk k

x = Fk __


( )__1k

F = k x( )__1k

(or)



Numerical Example

Solve for x 8 = 7 x

8 = 7 x7 7


( )__17

8 = 7 x( )__17

(or)



87 __

Solve for x ___ x

BA = TRH

___

BAH = xTR




x =

1TR( )___1

TR( )___


P1 = 108 atm

P2 = 086 atm

V1 = 322 L

V2 = 143 L

T1 = 373 K

P1V1T2 =P2V2T1

____ T1

P1V1 = P2V2

T2

____

1P1V1

( )____ 1P1V1

( )____

T2 = P1V1

______P2V2T1

130T2 = (108 atm)(322 L)_____________________(086 atm)(143 L)(373 K)

= K



The Metric System

from

Indu

stry

Wee

k 1

981

Nov

embe

r 30


kilo hecto deca

Base Units

metergramliter

deci centi milli





mega- M 1000000 106

kilo- k 1000 103

deci- d 01 10-1

centi- c 001 10-2

milli- m 0001 10-3

micro- m 0000001 10-6

nano- n 0000000001 10-9




Also

1 mL = 1 cm3 and 1 L = 1 dm3





conversion factors

equality

or

132 m = 132 cm

1 m = 100 cm

______1 m100 cm




______1 m

100 cm

1 m100 cm

(or 001 m = 1 cm)


conversion factors

equality

or

872 cm = 00872 m

1 m = 100 cm

______1 m100 cm


______1 m

100 cm

1 m100 cm


15000 dm

= 15 km1000 m

1 km10 dm

1 m


= 378432 s1 h

60 min24 h1 d 1 min

60 s____( ) ( )____( )_____438 d



412 cm2


= 4120 mm2

1 cm2

102 mm2

( )2 ( )2

Simple Mathwith

Conversion Factors


A = L W

= (46 cm)(91 cm)

91 cm= 42 cm2 cm

46 cm

Convert to m2 42 cm2 ( )______100 cm

1 m 2 = 00042 m2


cmcm


Find volume

Length = 142 cm

Width = 86 cm

Height = 215 cm

V = L W H

= (142 cm)(86 cm)(215 cm)

= 2600 cm3


Density =

Typical units


Vm D

volumemass m

V D

liquids and gases



1 a formula

water displacement

V = l ∙ w ∙ hV = p ∙ r2 ∙ h

V =

VfinalVinitial


2




Vm

D 3cm 20g 227

m

V D



33 cm 162

cmg

1135 m = D V = 184

3cmg

= 1135

g

V






19300 g

7720 cm3 or 772 L

425 lbs

3cmg


15 cm

18 cm

m

V D

m

V = p r2 h

Vm

D

= p (18 cm)2(15 cm)

= 15268

3cm 15268

g 1195 = 779

cm3


82 cm

51 cm

47 cm

m

V D

Vm

D


m

V = l w h

= 820 cm (510 cm)(470 cm)

3cmg

= 19655

3cm 19655

g 153 = 0778

cm3

lt 1 No it floats






D1

D2

D3

D4

D5

D1

D2

D3

D4

D5


liq

liqliq V

m D sohellip


mliq =


Vliq

mliq Dliq=

VliqDliq




a chemical reaction






reactants

methane + oxygen

+ H2O(g)

carbondioxide


water+

22

Reactants Products

NaOH(aq)

water


sodium

2 2


+ +

+ +

Reactants Products




Pmass = Rmass

=










Dominion Science


Slide 7

What is Chemistry

Slide 9

The Beginning

Alchemy

Slide 12

Slide 13

Slide 14

Slide 15

Areas of Chemistry


Slide 18



Slide 21





Toxicity


Chemical Exposure


Science


Corning Glass

Aluminum Mining

Slide 34

Slide 35




Slide 39

Types of Data






Slide 46



Slide 49


Graphs

Bar Graph

Pie Graph

Line Graph


Graphing HW



Scientific Notation

Slide 60


Slide 62

Slide 63


Slide 65

Slide 66

Slide 67

Slide 68

Slide 69

Percent Error

Percent Error (2)

Significant Figures

Practice Measuring




How many Sig Figs



Slide 80

Slide 81

Slide 82

Numerical Example

Slide 84


Slide 86

Slide 87


The Metric System







Slide 96

Slide 97

Slide 98

Slide 99

Slide 100


Slide 102

Slide 103

Slide 104

Slide 105

Slide 106


Slide 108

Slide 109

Slide 110

Slide 111


Slide 113

Slide 114

Slide 115



Solve for x F = k x

F = k xk k

x = Fk __


( )__1k

F = k x( )__1k

(or)



Numerical Example

Solve for x 8 = 7 x

8 = 7 x7 7


( )__17

8 = 7 x( )__17

(or)



87 __

Solve for x ___ x

BA = TRH

___

BAH = xTR




x =

1TR( )___1

TR( )___


P1 = 108 atm

P2 = 086 atm

V1 = 322 L

V2 = 143 L

T1 = 373 K

P1V1T2 =P2V2T1

____ T1

P1V1 = P2V2

T2

____

1P1V1

( )____ 1P1V1

( )____

T2 = P1V1

______P2V2T1

130T2 = (108 atm)(322 L)_____________________(086 atm)(143 L)(373 K)

= K



The Metric System

from

Indu

stry

Wee

k 1

981

Nov

embe

r 30


kilo hecto deca

Base Units

metergramliter

deci centi milli





mega- M 1000000 106

kilo- k 1000 103

deci- d 01 10-1

centi- c 001 10-2

milli- m 0001 10-3

micro- m 0000001 10-6

nano- n 0000000001 10-9




Also

1 mL = 1 cm3 and 1 L = 1 dm3





conversion factors

equality

or

132 m = 132 cm

1 m = 100 cm

______1 m100 cm




______1 m

100 cm

1 m100 cm

(or 001 m = 1 cm)


conversion factors

equality

or

872 cm = 00872 m

1 m = 100 cm

______1 m100 cm


______1 m

100 cm

1 m100 cm


15000 dm

= 15 km1000 m

1 km10 dm

1 m


= 378432 s1 h

60 min24 h1 d 1 min

60 s____( ) ( )____( )_____438 d



412 cm2


= 4120 mm2

1 cm2

102 mm2

( )2 ( )2

Simple Mathwith

Conversion Factors


A = L W

= (46 cm)(91 cm)

91 cm= 42 cm2 cm

46 cm

Convert to m2 42 cm2 ( )______100 cm

1 m 2 = 00042 m2


cmcm


Find volume

Length = 142 cm

Width = 86 cm

Height = 215 cm

V = L W H

= (142 cm)(86 cm)(215 cm)

= 2600 cm3


Density =

Typical units


Vm D

volumemass m

V D

liquids and gases



1 a formula

water displacement

V = l ∙ w ∙ hV = p ∙ r2 ∙ h

V =

VfinalVinitial


2




Vm

D 3cm 20g 227

m

V D



33 cm 162

cmg

1135 m = D V = 184

3cmg

= 1135

g

V






19300 g

7720 cm3 or 772 L

425 lbs

3cmg


15 cm

18 cm

m

V D

m

V = p r2 h

Vm

D

= p (18 cm)2(15 cm)

= 15268

3cm 15268

g 1195 = 779

cm3


82 cm

51 cm

47 cm

m

V D

Vm

D


m

V = l w h

= 820 cm (510 cm)(470 cm)

3cmg

= 19655

3cm 19655

g 153 = 0778

cm3

lt 1 No it floats






D1

D2

D3

D4

D5

D1

D2

D3

D4

D5


liq

liqliq V

m D sohellip


mliq =


Vliq

mliq Dliq=

VliqDliq




a chemical reaction






reactants

methane + oxygen

+ H2O(g)

carbondioxide


water+

22

Reactants Products

NaOH(aq)

water


sodium

2 2


+ +

+ +

Reactants Products




Pmass = Rmass

=










Dominion Science


Slide 7

What is Chemistry

Slide 9

The Beginning

Alchemy

Slide 12

Slide 13

Slide 14

Slide 15

Areas of Chemistry


Slide 18



Slide 21





Toxicity


Chemical Exposure


Science


Corning Glass

Aluminum Mining

Slide 34

Slide 35




Slide 39

Types of Data






Slide 46



Slide 49


Graphs

Bar Graph

Pie Graph

Line Graph


Graphing HW



Scientific Notation

Slide 60


Slide 62

Slide 63


Slide 65

Slide 66

Slide 67

Slide 68

Slide 69

Percent Error

Percent Error (2)

Significant Figures

Practice Measuring




How many Sig Figs



Slide 80

Slide 81

Slide 82

Numerical Example

Slide 84


Slide 86

Slide 87


The Metric System







Slide 96

Slide 97

Slide 98

Slide 99

Slide 100


Slide 102

Slide 103

Slide 104

Slide 105

Slide 106


Slide 108

Slide 109

Slide 110

Slide 111


Slide 113

Slide 114

Slide 115



Numerical Example

Solve for x 8 = 7 x

8 = 7 x7 7


( )__17

8 = 7 x( )__17

(or)



87 __

Solve for x ___ x

BA = TRH

___

BAH = xTR




x =

1TR( )___1

TR( )___


P1 = 108 atm

P2 = 086 atm

V1 = 322 L

V2 = 143 L

T1 = 373 K

P1V1T2 =P2V2T1

____ T1

P1V1 = P2V2

T2

____

1P1V1

( )____ 1P1V1

( )____

T2 = P1V1

______P2V2T1

130T2 = (108 atm)(322 L)_____________________(086 atm)(143 L)(373 K)

= K



The Metric System

from

Indu

stry

Wee

k 1

981

Nov

embe

r 30


kilo hecto deca

Base Units

metergramliter

deci centi milli





mega- M 1000000 106

kilo- k 1000 103

deci- d 01 10-1

centi- c 001 10-2

milli- m 0001 10-3

micro- m 0000001 10-6

nano- n 0000000001 10-9




Also

1 mL = 1 cm3 and 1 L = 1 dm3





conversion factors

equality

or

132 m = 132 cm

1 m = 100 cm

______1 m100 cm




______1 m

100 cm

1 m100 cm

(or 001 m = 1 cm)


conversion factors

equality

or

872 cm = 00872 m

1 m = 100 cm

______1 m100 cm


______1 m

100 cm

1 m100 cm


15000 dm

= 15 km1000 m

1 km10 dm

1 m


= 378432 s1 h

60 min24 h1 d 1 min

60 s____( ) ( )____( )_____438 d



412 cm2


= 4120 mm2

1 cm2

102 mm2

( )2 ( )2

Simple Mathwith

Conversion Factors


A = L W

= (46 cm)(91 cm)

91 cm= 42 cm2 cm

46 cm

Convert to m2 42 cm2 ( )______100 cm

1 m 2 = 00042 m2


cmcm


Find volume

Length = 142 cm

Width = 86 cm

Height = 215 cm

V = L W H

= (142 cm)(86 cm)(215 cm)

= 2600 cm3


Density =

Typical units


Vm D

volumemass m

V D

liquids and gases



1 a formula

water displacement

V = l ∙ w ∙ hV = p ∙ r2 ∙ h

V =

VfinalVinitial


2




Vm

D 3cm 20g 227

m

V D



33 cm 162

cmg

1135 m = D V = 184

3cmg

= 1135

g

V






19300 g

7720 cm3 or 772 L

425 lbs

3cmg


15 cm

18 cm

m

V D

m

V = p r2 h

Vm

D

= p (18 cm)2(15 cm)

= 15268

3cm 15268

g 1195 = 779

cm3


82 cm

51 cm

47 cm

m

V D

Vm

D


m

V = l w h

= 820 cm (510 cm)(470 cm)

3cmg

= 19655

3cm 19655

g 153 = 0778

cm3

lt 1 No it floats






D1

D2

D3

D4

D5

D1

D2

D3

D4

D5


liq

liqliq V

m D sohellip


mliq =


Vliq

mliq Dliq=

VliqDliq




a chemical reaction






reactants

methane + oxygen

+ H2O(g)

carbondioxide


water+

22

Reactants Products

NaOH(aq)

water


sodium

2 2


+ +

+ +

Reactants Products




Pmass = Rmass

=










Dominion Science


Slide 7

What is Chemistry

Slide 9

The Beginning

Alchemy

Slide 12

Slide 13

Slide 14

Slide 15

Areas of Chemistry


Slide 18



Slide 21





Toxicity


Chemical Exposure


Science


Corning Glass

Aluminum Mining

Slide 34

Slide 35




Slide 39

Types of Data






Slide 46



Slide 49


Graphs

Bar Graph

Pie Graph

Line Graph


Graphing HW



Scientific Notation

Slide 60


Slide 62

Slide 63


Slide 65

Slide 66

Slide 67

Slide 68

Slide 69

Percent Error

Percent Error (2)

Significant Figures

Practice Measuring




How many Sig Figs



Slide 80

Slide 81

Slide 82

Numerical Example

Slide 84


Slide 86

Slide 87


The Metric System







Slide 96

Slide 97

Slide 98

Slide 99

Slide 100


Slide 102

Slide 103

Slide 104

Slide 105

Slide 106


Slide 108

Slide 109

Slide 110

Slide 111


Slide 113

Slide 114

Slide 115



Solve for x ___ x

BA = TRH

___

BAH = xTR




x =

1TR( )___1

TR( )___


P1 = 108 atm

P2 = 086 atm

V1 = 322 L

V2 = 143 L

T1 = 373 K

P1V1T2 =P2V2T1

____ T1

P1V1 = P2V2

T2

____

1P1V1

( )____ 1P1V1

( )____

T2 = P1V1

______P2V2T1

130T2 = (108 atm)(322 L)_____________________(086 atm)(143 L)(373 K)

= K



The Metric System

from

Indu

stry

Wee

k 1

981

Nov

embe

r 30


kilo hecto deca

Base Units

metergramliter

deci centi milli





mega- M 1000000 106

kilo- k 1000 103

deci- d 01 10-1

centi- c 001 10-2

milli- m 0001 10-3

micro- m 0000001 10-6

nano- n 0000000001 10-9




Also

1 mL = 1 cm3 and 1 L = 1 dm3





conversion factors

equality

or

132 m = 132 cm

1 m = 100 cm

______1 m100 cm




______1 m

100 cm

1 m100 cm

(or 001 m = 1 cm)


conversion factors

equality

or

872 cm = 00872 m

1 m = 100 cm

______1 m100 cm


______1 m

100 cm

1 m100 cm


15000 dm

= 15 km1000 m

1 km10 dm

1 m


= 378432 s1 h

60 min24 h1 d 1 min

60 s____( ) ( )____( )_____438 d



412 cm2


= 4120 mm2

1 cm2

102 mm2

( )2 ( )2

Simple Mathwith

Conversion Factors


A = L W

= (46 cm)(91 cm)

91 cm= 42 cm2 cm

46 cm

Convert to m2 42 cm2 ( )______100 cm

1 m 2 = 00042 m2


cmcm


Find volume

Length = 142 cm

Width = 86 cm

Height = 215 cm

V = L W H

= (142 cm)(86 cm)(215 cm)

= 2600 cm3


Density =

Typical units


Vm D

volumemass m

V D

liquids and gases



1 a formula

water displacement

V = l ∙ w ∙ hV = p ∙ r2 ∙ h

V =

VfinalVinitial


2




Vm

D 3cm 20g 227

m

V D



33 cm 162

cmg

1135 m = D V = 184

3cmg

= 1135

g

V






19300 g

7720 cm3 or 772 L

425 lbs

3cmg


15 cm

18 cm

m

V D

m

V = p r2 h

Vm

D

= p (18 cm)2(15 cm)

= 15268

3cm 15268

g 1195 = 779

cm3


82 cm

51 cm

47 cm

m

V D

Vm

D


m

V = l w h

= 820 cm (510 cm)(470 cm)

3cmg

= 19655

3cm 19655

g 153 = 0778

cm3

lt 1 No it floats






D1

D2

D3

D4

D5

D1

D2

D3

D4

D5


liq

liqliq V

m D sohellip


mliq =


Vliq

mliq Dliq=

VliqDliq




a chemical reaction






reactants

methane + oxygen

+ H2O(g)

carbondioxide


water+

22

Reactants Products

NaOH(aq)

water


sodium

2 2


+ +

+ +

Reactants Products




Pmass = Rmass

=










Dominion Science


Slide 7

What is Chemistry

Slide 9

The Beginning

Alchemy

Slide 12

Slide 13

Slide 14

Slide 15

Areas of Chemistry


Slide 18



Slide 21





Toxicity


Chemical Exposure


Science


Corning Glass

Aluminum Mining

Slide 34

Slide 35




Slide 39

Types of Data






Slide 46



Slide 49


Graphs

Bar Graph

Pie Graph

Line Graph


Graphing HW



Scientific Notation

Slide 60


Slide 62

Slide 63


Slide 65

Slide 66

Slide 67

Slide 68

Slide 69

Percent Error

Percent Error (2)

Significant Figures

Practice Measuring




How many Sig Figs



Slide 80

Slide 81

Slide 82

Numerical Example

Slide 84


Slide 86

Slide 87


The Metric System







Slide 96

Slide 97

Slide 98

Slide 99

Slide 100


Slide 102

Slide 103

Slide 104

Slide 105

Slide 106


Slide 108

Slide 109

Slide 110

Slide 111


Slide 113

Slide 114

Slide 115




P1 = 108 atm

P2 = 086 atm

V1 = 322 L

V2 = 143 L

T1 = 373 K

P1V1T2 =P2V2T1

____ T1

P1V1 = P2V2

T2

____

1P1V1

( )____ 1P1V1

( )____

T2 = P1V1

______P2V2T1

130T2 = (108 atm)(322 L)_____________________(086 atm)(143 L)(373 K)

= K



The Metric System

from

Indu

stry

Wee

k 1

981

Nov

embe

r 30


kilo hecto deca

Base Units

metergramliter

deci centi milli





mega- M 1000000 106

kilo- k 1000 103

deci- d 01 10-1

centi- c 001 10-2

milli- m 0001 10-3

micro- m 0000001 10-6

nano- n 0000000001 10-9




Also

1 mL = 1 cm3 and 1 L = 1 dm3





conversion factors

equality

or

132 m = 132 cm

1 m = 100 cm

______1 m100 cm




______1 m

100 cm

1 m100 cm

(or 001 m = 1 cm)


conversion factors

equality

or

872 cm = 00872 m

1 m = 100 cm

______1 m100 cm


______1 m

100 cm

1 m100 cm


15000 dm

= 15 km1000 m

1 km10 dm

1 m


= 378432 s1 h

60 min24 h1 d 1 min

60 s____( ) ( )____( )_____438 d



412 cm2


= 4120 mm2

1 cm2

102 mm2

( )2 ( )2

Simple Mathwith

Conversion Factors


A = L W

= (46 cm)(91 cm)

91 cm= 42 cm2 cm

46 cm

Convert to m2 42 cm2 ( )______100 cm

1 m 2 = 00042 m2


cmcm


Find volume

Length = 142 cm

Width = 86 cm

Height = 215 cm

V = L W H

= (142 cm)(86 cm)(215 cm)

= 2600 cm3


Density =

Typical units


Vm D

volumemass m

V D

liquids and gases



1 a formula

water displacement

V = l ∙ w ∙ hV = p ∙ r2 ∙ h

V =

VfinalVinitial


2




Vm

D 3cm 20g 227

m

V D



33 cm 162

cmg

1135 m = D V = 184

3cmg

= 1135

g

V






19300 g

7720 cm3 or 772 L

425 lbs

3cmg


15 cm

18 cm

m

V D

m

V = p r2 h

Vm

D

= p (18 cm)2(15 cm)

= 15268

3cm 15268

g 1195 = 779

cm3


82 cm

51 cm

47 cm

m

V D

Vm

D


m

V = l w h

= 820 cm (510 cm)(470 cm)

3cmg

= 19655

3cm 19655

g 153 = 0778

cm3

lt 1 No it floats






D1

D2

D3

D4

D5

D1

D2

D3

D4

D5


liq

liqliq V

m D sohellip


mliq =


Vliq

mliq Dliq=

VliqDliq




a chemical reaction






reactants

methane + oxygen

+ H2O(g)

carbondioxide


water+

22

Reactants Products

NaOH(aq)

water


sodium

2 2


+ +

+ +

Reactants Products




Pmass = Rmass

=










Dominion Science


Slide 7

What is Chemistry

Slide 9

The Beginning

Alchemy

Slide 12

Slide 13

Slide 14

Slide 15

Areas of Chemistry


Slide 18



Slide 21





Toxicity


Chemical Exposure


Science


Corning Glass

Aluminum Mining

Slide 34

Slide 35




Slide 39

Types of Data






Slide 46



Slide 49


Graphs

Bar Graph

Pie Graph

Line Graph


Graphing HW



Scientific Notation

Slide 60


Slide 62

Slide 63


Slide 65

Slide 66

Slide 67

Slide 68

Slide 69

Percent Error

Percent Error (2)

Significant Figures

Practice Measuring




How many Sig Figs



Slide 80

Slide 81

Slide 82

Numerical Example

Slide 84


Slide 86

Slide 87


The Metric System







Slide 96

Slide 97

Slide 98

Slide 99

Slide 100


Slide 102

Slide 103

Slide 104

Slide 105

Slide 106


Slide 108

Slide 109

Slide 110

Slide 111


Slide 113

Slide 114

Slide 115




The Metric System

from

Indu

stry

Wee

k 1

981

Nov

embe

r 30


kilo hecto deca

Base Units

metergramliter

deci centi milli





mega- M 1000000 106

kilo- k 1000 103

deci- d 01 10-1

centi- c 001 10-2

milli- m 0001 10-3

micro- m 0000001 10-6

nano- n 0000000001 10-9




Also

1 mL = 1 cm3 and 1 L = 1 dm3





conversion factors

equality

or

132 m = 132 cm

1 m = 100 cm

______1 m100 cm




______1 m

100 cm

1 m100 cm

(or 001 m = 1 cm)


conversion factors

equality

or

872 cm = 00872 m

1 m = 100 cm

______1 m100 cm


______1 m

100 cm

1 m100 cm


15000 dm

= 15 km1000 m

1 km10 dm

1 m


= 378432 s1 h

60 min24 h1 d 1 min

60 s____( ) ( )____( )_____438 d



412 cm2


= 4120 mm2

1 cm2

102 mm2

( )2 ( )2

Simple Mathwith

Conversion Factors


A = L W

= (46 cm)(91 cm)

91 cm= 42 cm2 cm

46 cm

Convert to m2 42 cm2 ( )______100 cm

1 m 2 = 00042 m2


cmcm


Find volume

Length = 142 cm

Width = 86 cm

Height = 215 cm

V = L W H

= (142 cm)(86 cm)(215 cm)

= 2600 cm3


Density =

Typical units


Vm D

volumemass m

V D

liquids and gases



1 a formula

water displacement

V = l ∙ w ∙ hV = p ∙ r2 ∙ h

V =

VfinalVinitial


2




Vm

D 3cm 20g 227

m

V D



33 cm 162

cmg

1135 m = D V = 184

3cmg

= 1135

g

V






19300 g

7720 cm3 or 772 L

425 lbs

3cmg


15 cm

18 cm

m

V D

m

V = p r2 h

Vm

D

= p (18 cm)2(15 cm)

= 15268

3cm 15268

g 1195 = 779

cm3


82 cm

51 cm

47 cm

m

V D

Vm

D


m

V = l w h

= 820 cm (510 cm)(470 cm)

3cmg

= 19655

3cm 19655

g 153 = 0778

cm3

lt 1 No it floats






D1

D2

D3

D4

D5

D1

D2

D3

D4

D5


liq

liqliq V

m D sohellip


mliq =


Vliq

mliq Dliq=

VliqDliq




a chemical reaction






reactants

methane + oxygen

+ H2O(g)

carbondioxide


water+

22

Reactants Products

NaOH(aq)

water


sodium

2 2


+ +

+ +

Reactants Products




Pmass = Rmass

=










Dominion Science


Slide 7

What is Chemistry

Slide 9

The Beginning

Alchemy

Slide 12

Slide 13

Slide 14

Slide 15

Areas of Chemistry


Slide 18



Slide 21





Toxicity


Chemical Exposure


Science


Corning Glass

Aluminum Mining

Slide 34

Slide 35




Slide 39

Types of Data






Slide 46



Slide 49


Graphs

Bar Graph

Pie Graph

Line Graph


Graphing HW



Scientific Notation

Slide 60


Slide 62

Slide 63


Slide 65

Slide 66

Slide 67

Slide 68

Slide 69

Percent Error

Percent Error (2)

Significant Figures

Practice Measuring




How many Sig Figs



Slide 80

Slide 81

Slide 82

Numerical Example

Slide 84


Slide 86

Slide 87


The Metric System







Slide 96

Slide 97

Slide 98

Slide 99

Slide 100


Slide 102

Slide 103

Slide 104

Slide 105

Slide 106


Slide 108

Slide 109

Slide 110

Slide 111


Slide 113

Slide 114

Slide 115




kilo hecto deca

Base Units

metergramliter

deci centi milli





mega- M 1000000 106

kilo- k 1000 103

deci- d 01 10-1

centi- c 001 10-2

milli- m 0001 10-3

micro- m 0000001 10-6

nano- n 0000000001 10-9




Also

1 mL = 1 cm3 and 1 L = 1 dm3





conversion factors

equality

or

132 m = 132 cm

1 m = 100 cm

______1 m100 cm




______1 m

100 cm

1 m100 cm

(or 001 m = 1 cm)


conversion factors

equality

or

872 cm = 00872 m

1 m = 100 cm

______1 m100 cm


______1 m

100 cm

1 m100 cm


15000 dm

= 15 km1000 m

1 km10 dm

1 m


= 378432 s1 h

60 min24 h1 d 1 min

60 s____( ) ( )____( )_____438 d



412 cm2


= 4120 mm2

1 cm2

102 mm2

( )2 ( )2

Simple Mathwith

Conversion Factors


A = L W

= (46 cm)(91 cm)

91 cm= 42 cm2 cm

46 cm

Convert to m2 42 cm2 ( )______100 cm

1 m 2 = 00042 m2


cmcm


Find volume

Length = 142 cm

Width = 86 cm

Height = 215 cm

V = L W H

= (142 cm)(86 cm)(215 cm)

= 2600 cm3


Density =

Typical units


Vm D

volumemass m

V D

liquids and gases



1 a formula

water displacement

V = l ∙ w ∙ hV = p ∙ r2 ∙ h

V =

VfinalVinitial


2




Vm

D 3cm 20g 227

m

V D



33 cm 162

cmg

1135 m = D V = 184

3cmg

= 1135

g

V






19300 g

7720 cm3 or 772 L

425 lbs

3cmg


15 cm

18 cm

m

V D

m

V = p r2 h

Vm

D

= p (18 cm)2(15 cm)

= 15268

3cm 15268

g 1195 = 779

cm3


82 cm

51 cm

47 cm

m

V D

Vm

D


m

V = l w h

= 820 cm (510 cm)(470 cm)

3cmg

= 19655

3cm 19655

g 153 = 0778

cm3

lt 1 No it floats






D1

D2

D3

D4

D5

D1

D2

D3

D4

D5


liq

liqliq V

m D sohellip


mliq =


Vliq

mliq Dliq=

VliqDliq




a chemical reaction






reactants

methane + oxygen

+ H2O(g)

carbondioxide


water+

22

Reactants Products

NaOH(aq)

water


sodium

2 2


+ +

+ +

Reactants Products




Pmass = Rmass

=










Dominion Science


Slide 7

What is Chemistry

Slide 9

The Beginning

Alchemy

Slide 12

Slide 13

Slide 14

Slide 15

Areas of Chemistry


Slide 18



Slide 21





Toxicity


Chemical Exposure


Science


Corning Glass

Aluminum Mining

Slide 34

Slide 35




Slide 39

Types of Data






Slide 46



Slide 49


Graphs

Bar Graph

Pie Graph

Line Graph


Graphing HW



Scientific Notation

Slide 60


Slide 62

Slide 63


Slide 65

Slide 66

Slide 67

Slide 68

Slide 69

Percent Error

Percent Error (2)

Significant Figures

Practice Measuring




How many Sig Figs



Slide 80

Slide 81

Slide 82

Numerical Example

Slide 84


Slide 86

Slide 87


The Metric System







Slide 96

Slide 97

Slide 98

Slide 99

Slide 100


Slide 102

Slide 103

Slide 104

Slide 105

Slide 106


Slide 108

Slide 109

Slide 110

Slide 111


Slide 113

Slide 114

Slide 115







mega- M 1000000 106

kilo- k 1000 103

deci- d 01 10-1

centi- c 001 10-2

milli- m 0001 10-3

micro- m 0000001 10-6

nano- n 0000000001 10-9




Also

1 mL = 1 cm3 and 1 L = 1 dm3





conversion factors

equality

or

132 m = 132 cm

1 m = 100 cm

______1 m100 cm




______1 m

100 cm

1 m100 cm

(or 001 m = 1 cm)


conversion factors

equality

or

872 cm = 00872 m

1 m = 100 cm

______1 m100 cm


______1 m

100 cm

1 m100 cm


15000 dm

= 15 km1000 m

1 km10 dm

1 m


= 378432 s1 h

60 min24 h1 d 1 min

60 s____( ) ( )____( )_____438 d



412 cm2


= 4120 mm2

1 cm2

102 mm2

( )2 ( )2

Simple Mathwith

Conversion Factors


A = L W

= (46 cm)(91 cm)

91 cm= 42 cm2 cm

46 cm

Convert to m2 42 cm2 ( )______100 cm

1 m 2 = 00042 m2


cmcm


Find volume

Length = 142 cm

Width = 86 cm

Height = 215 cm

V = L W H

= (142 cm)(86 cm)(215 cm)

= 2600 cm3


Density =

Typical units


Vm D

volumemass m

V D

liquids and gases



1 a formula

water displacement

V = l ∙ w ∙ hV = p ∙ r2 ∙ h

V =

VfinalVinitial


2




Vm

D 3cm 20g 227

m

V D



33 cm 162

cmg

1135 m = D V = 184

3cmg

= 1135

g

V






19300 g

7720 cm3 or 772 L

425 lbs

3cmg


15 cm

18 cm

m

V D

m

V = p r2 h

Vm

D

= p (18 cm)2(15 cm)

= 15268

3cm 15268

g 1195 = 779

cm3


82 cm

51 cm

47 cm

m

V D

Vm

D


m

V = l w h

= 820 cm (510 cm)(470 cm)

3cmg

= 19655

3cm 19655

g 153 = 0778

cm3

lt 1 No it floats






D1

D2

D3

D4

D5

D1

D2

D3

D4

D5


liq

liqliq V

m D sohellip


mliq =


Vliq

mliq Dliq=

VliqDliq




a chemical reaction






reactants

methane + oxygen

+ H2O(g)

carbondioxide


water+

22

Reactants Products

NaOH(aq)

water


sodium

2 2


+ +

+ +

Reactants Products




Pmass = Rmass

=










Dominion Science


Slide 7

What is Chemistry

Slide 9

The Beginning

Alchemy

Slide 12

Slide 13

Slide 14

Slide 15

Areas of Chemistry


Slide 18



Slide 21





Toxicity


Chemical Exposure


Science


Corning Glass

Aluminum Mining

Slide 34

Slide 35




Slide 39

Types of Data






Slide 46



Slide 49


Graphs

Bar Graph

Pie Graph

Line Graph


Graphing HW



Scientific Notation

Slide 60


Slide 62

Slide 63


Slide 65

Slide 66

Slide 67

Slide 68

Slide 69

Percent Error

Percent Error (2)

Significant Figures

Practice Measuring




How many Sig Figs



Slide 80

Slide 81

Slide 82

Numerical Example

Slide 84


Slide 86

Slide 87


The Metric System







Slide 96

Slide 97

Slide 98

Slide 99

Slide 100


Slide 102

Slide 103

Slide 104

Slide 105

Slide 106


Slide 108

Slide 109

Slide 110

Slide 111


Slide 113

Slide 114

Slide 115




Also

1 mL = 1 cm3 and 1 L = 1 dm3





conversion factors

equality

or

132 m = 132 cm

1 m = 100 cm

______1 m100 cm




______1 m

100 cm

1 m100 cm

(or 001 m = 1 cm)


conversion factors

equality

or

872 cm = 00872 m

1 m = 100 cm

______1 m100 cm


______1 m

100 cm

1 m100 cm


15000 dm

= 15 km1000 m

1 km10 dm

1 m


= 378432 s1 h

60 min24 h1 d 1 min

60 s____( ) ( )____( )_____438 d



412 cm2


= 4120 mm2

1 cm2

102 mm2

( )2 ( )2

Simple Mathwith

Conversion Factors


A = L W

= (46 cm)(91 cm)

91 cm= 42 cm2 cm

46 cm

Convert to m2 42 cm2 ( )______100 cm

1 m 2 = 00042 m2


cmcm


Find volume

Length = 142 cm

Width = 86 cm

Height = 215 cm

V = L W H

= (142 cm)(86 cm)(215 cm)

= 2600 cm3


Density =

Typical units


Vm D

volumemass m

V D

liquids and gases



1 a formula

water displacement

V = l ∙ w ∙ hV = p ∙ r2 ∙ h

V =

VfinalVinitial


2




Vm

D 3cm 20g 227

m

V D



33 cm 162

cmg

1135 m = D V = 184

3cmg

= 1135

g

V






19300 g

7720 cm3 or 772 L

425 lbs

3cmg


15 cm

18 cm

m

V D

m

V = p r2 h

Vm

D

= p (18 cm)2(15 cm)

= 15268

3cm 15268

g 1195 = 779

cm3


82 cm

51 cm

47 cm

m

V D

Vm

D


m

V = l w h

= 820 cm (510 cm)(470 cm)

3cmg

= 19655

3cm 19655

g 153 = 0778

cm3

lt 1 No it floats






D1

D2

D3

D4

D5

D1

D2

D3

D4

D5


liq

liqliq V

m D sohellip


mliq =


Vliq

mliq Dliq=

VliqDliq




a chemical reaction






reactants

methane + oxygen

+ H2O(g)

carbondioxide


water+

22

Reactants Products

NaOH(aq)

water


sodium

2 2


+ +

+ +

Reactants Products




Pmass = Rmass

=










Dominion Science


Slide 7

What is Chemistry

Slide 9

The Beginning

Alchemy

Slide 12

Slide 13

Slide 14

Slide 15

Areas of Chemistry


Slide 18



Slide 21





Toxicity


Chemical Exposure


Science


Corning Glass

Aluminum Mining

Slide 34

Slide 35




Slide 39

Types of Data






Slide 46



Slide 49


Graphs

Bar Graph

Pie Graph

Line Graph


Graphing HW



Scientific Notation

Slide 60


Slide 62

Slide 63


Slide 65

Slide 66

Slide 67

Slide 68

Slide 69

Percent Error

Percent Error (2)

Significant Figures

Practice Measuring




How many Sig Figs



Slide 80

Slide 81

Slide 82

Numerical Example

Slide 84


Slide 86

Slide 87


The Metric System







Slide 96

Slide 97

Slide 98

Slide 99

Slide 100


Slide 102

Slide 103

Slide 104

Slide 105

Slide 106


Slide 108

Slide 109

Slide 110

Slide 111


Slide 113

Slide 114

Slide 115






conversion factors

equality

or

132 m = 132 cm

1 m = 100 cm

______1 m100 cm




______1 m

100 cm

1 m100 cm

(or 001 m = 1 cm)


conversion factors

equality

or

872 cm = 00872 m

1 m = 100 cm

______1 m100 cm


______1 m

100 cm

1 m100 cm


15000 dm

= 15 km1000 m

1 km10 dm

1 m


= 378432 s1 h

60 min24 h1 d 1 min

60 s____( ) ( )____( )_____438 d



412 cm2


= 4120 mm2

1 cm2

102 mm2

( )2 ( )2

Simple Mathwith

Conversion Factors


A = L W

= (46 cm)(91 cm)

91 cm= 42 cm2 cm

46 cm

Convert to m2 42 cm2 ( )______100 cm

1 m 2 = 00042 m2


cmcm


Find volume

Length = 142 cm

Width = 86 cm

Height = 215 cm

V = L W H

= (142 cm)(86 cm)(215 cm)

= 2600 cm3


Density =

Typical units


Vm D

volumemass m

V D

liquids and gases



1 a formula

water displacement

V = l ∙ w ∙ hV = p ∙ r2 ∙ h

V =

VfinalVinitial


2




Vm

D 3cm 20g 227

m

V D



33 cm 162

cmg

1135 m = D V = 184

3cmg

= 1135

g

V






19300 g

7720 cm3 or 772 L

425 lbs

3cmg


15 cm

18 cm

m

V D

m

V = p r2 h

Vm

D

= p (18 cm)2(15 cm)

= 15268

3cm 15268

g 1195 = 779

cm3


82 cm

51 cm

47 cm

m

V D

Vm

D


m

V = l w h

= 820 cm (510 cm)(470 cm)

3cmg

= 19655

3cm 19655

g 153 = 0778

cm3

lt 1 No it floats






D1

D2

D3

D4

D5

D1

D2

D3

D4

D5


liq

liqliq V

m D sohellip


mliq =


Vliq

mliq Dliq=

VliqDliq




a chemical reaction






reactants

methane + oxygen

+ H2O(g)

carbondioxide


water+

22

Reactants Products

NaOH(aq)

water


sodium

2 2


+ +

+ +

Reactants Products




Pmass = Rmass

=










Dominion Science


Slide 7

What is Chemistry

Slide 9

The Beginning

Alchemy

Slide 12

Slide 13

Slide 14

Slide 15

Areas of Chemistry


Slide 18



Slide 21





Toxicity


Chemical Exposure


Science


Corning Glass

Aluminum Mining

Slide 34

Slide 35




Slide 39

Types of Data






Slide 46



Slide 49


Graphs

Bar Graph

Pie Graph

Line Graph


Graphing HW



Scientific Notation

Slide 60


Slide 62

Slide 63


Slide 65

Slide 66

Slide 67

Slide 68

Slide 69

Percent Error

Percent Error (2)

Significant Figures

Practice Measuring




How many Sig Figs



Slide 80

Slide 81

Slide 82

Numerical Example

Slide 84


Slide 86

Slide 87


The Metric System







Slide 96

Slide 97

Slide 98

Slide 99

Slide 100


Slide 102

Slide 103

Slide 104

Slide 105

Slide 106


Slide 108

Slide 109

Slide 110

Slide 111


Slide 113

Slide 114

Slide 115




conversion factors

equality

or

872 cm = 00872 m

1 m = 100 cm

______1 m100 cm


______1 m

100 cm

1 m100 cm


15000 dm

= 15 km1000 m

1 km10 dm

1 m


= 378432 s1 h

60 min24 h1 d 1 min

60 s____( ) ( )____( )_____438 d



412 cm2


= 4120 mm2

1 cm2

102 mm2

( )2 ( )2

Simple Mathwith

Conversion Factors


A = L W

= (46 cm)(91 cm)

91 cm= 42 cm2 cm

46 cm

Convert to m2 42 cm2 ( )______100 cm

1 m 2 = 00042 m2


cmcm


Find volume

Length = 142 cm

Width = 86 cm

Height = 215 cm

V = L W H

= (142 cm)(86 cm)(215 cm)

= 2600 cm3


Density =

Typical units


Vm D

volumemass m

V D

liquids and gases



1 a formula

water displacement

V = l ∙ w ∙ hV = p ∙ r2 ∙ h

V =

VfinalVinitial


2




Vm

D 3cm 20g 227

m

V D



33 cm 162

cmg

1135 m = D V = 184

3cmg

= 1135

g

V






19300 g

7720 cm3 or 772 L

425 lbs

3cmg


15 cm

18 cm

m

V D

m

V = p r2 h

Vm

D

= p (18 cm)2(15 cm)

= 15268

3cm 15268

g 1195 = 779

cm3


82 cm

51 cm

47 cm

m

V D

Vm

D


m

V = l w h

= 820 cm (510 cm)(470 cm)

3cmg

= 19655

3cm 19655

g 153 = 0778

cm3

lt 1 No it floats






D1

D2

D3

D4

D5

D1

D2

D3

D4

D5


liq

liqliq V

m D sohellip


mliq =


Vliq

mliq Dliq=

VliqDliq




a chemical reaction






reactants

methane + oxygen

+ H2O(g)

carbondioxide


water+

22

Reactants Products

NaOH(aq)

water


sodium

2 2


+ +

+ +

Reactants Products




Pmass = Rmass

=










Dominion Science


Slide 7

What is Chemistry

Slide 9

The Beginning

Alchemy

Slide 12

Slide 13

Slide 14

Slide 15

Areas of Chemistry


Slide 18



Slide 21





Toxicity


Chemical Exposure


Science


Corning Glass

Aluminum Mining

Slide 34

Slide 35




Slide 39

Types of Data






Slide 46



Slide 49


Graphs

Bar Graph

Pie Graph

Line Graph


Graphing HW



Scientific Notation

Slide 60


Slide 62

Slide 63


Slide 65

Slide 66

Slide 67

Slide 68

Slide 69

Percent Error

Percent Error (2)

Significant Figures

Practice Measuring




How many Sig Figs



Slide 80

Slide 81

Slide 82

Numerical Example

Slide 84


Slide 86

Slide 87


The Metric System







Slide 96

Slide 97

Slide 98

Slide 99

Slide 100


Slide 102

Slide 103

Slide 104

Slide 105

Slide 106


Slide 108

Slide 109

Slide 110

Slide 111


Slide 113

Slide 114

Slide 115




15000 dm

= 15 km1000 m

1 km10 dm

1 m


= 378432 s1 h

60 min24 h1 d 1 min

60 s____( ) ( )____( )_____438 d



412 cm2


= 4120 mm2

1 cm2

102 mm2

( )2 ( )2

Simple Mathwith

Conversion Factors


A = L W

= (46 cm)(91 cm)

91 cm= 42 cm2 cm

46 cm

Convert to m2 42 cm2 ( )______100 cm

1 m 2 = 00042 m2


cmcm


Find volume

Length = 142 cm

Width = 86 cm

Height = 215 cm

V = L W H

= (142 cm)(86 cm)(215 cm)

= 2600 cm3


Density =

Typical units


Vm D

volumemass m

V D

liquids and gases



1 a formula

water displacement

V = l ∙ w ∙ hV = p ∙ r2 ∙ h

V =

VfinalVinitial


2




Vm

D 3cm 20g 227

m

V D



33 cm 162

cmg

1135 m = D V = 184

3cmg

= 1135

g

V






19300 g

7720 cm3 or 772 L

425 lbs

3cmg


15 cm

18 cm

m

V D

m

V = p r2 h

Vm

D

= p (18 cm)2(15 cm)

= 15268

3cm 15268

g 1195 = 779

cm3


82 cm

51 cm

47 cm

m

V D

Vm

D


m

V = l w h

= 820 cm (510 cm)(470 cm)

3cmg

= 19655

3cm 19655

g 153 = 0778

cm3

lt 1 No it floats






D1

D2

D3

D4

D5

D1

D2

D3

D4

D5


liq

liqliq V

m D sohellip


mliq =


Vliq

mliq Dliq=

VliqDliq




a chemical reaction






reactants

methane + oxygen

+ H2O(g)

carbondioxide


water+

22

Reactants Products

NaOH(aq)

water


sodium

2 2


+ +

+ +

Reactants Products




Pmass = Rmass

=










Dominion Science


Slide 7

What is Chemistry

Slide 9

The Beginning

Alchemy

Slide 12

Slide 13

Slide 14

Slide 15

Areas of Chemistry


Slide 18



Slide 21





Toxicity


Chemical Exposure


Science


Corning Glass

Aluminum Mining

Slide 34

Slide 35




Slide 39

Types of Data






Slide 46



Slide 49


Graphs

Bar Graph

Pie Graph

Line Graph


Graphing HW



Scientific Notation

Slide 60


Slide 62

Slide 63


Slide 65

Slide 66

Slide 67

Slide 68

Slide 69

Percent Error

Percent Error (2)

Significant Figures

Practice Measuring




How many Sig Figs



Slide 80

Slide 81

Slide 82

Numerical Example

Slide 84


Slide 86

Slide 87


The Metric System







Slide 96

Slide 97

Slide 98

Slide 99

Slide 100


Slide 102

Slide 103

Slide 104

Slide 105

Slide 106


Slide 108

Slide 109

Slide 110

Slide 111


Slide 113

Slide 114

Slide 115




= 378432 s1 h

60 min24 h1 d 1 min

60 s____( ) ( )____( )_____438 d



412 cm2


= 4120 mm2

1 cm2

102 mm2

( )2 ( )2

Simple Mathwith

Conversion Factors


A = L W

= (46 cm)(91 cm)

91 cm= 42 cm2 cm

46 cm

Convert to m2 42 cm2 ( )______100 cm

1 m 2 = 00042 m2


cmcm


Find volume

Length = 142 cm

Width = 86 cm

Height = 215 cm

V = L W H

= (142 cm)(86 cm)(215 cm)

= 2600 cm3


Density =

Typical units


Vm D

volumemass m

V D

liquids and gases



1 a formula

water displacement

V = l ∙ w ∙ hV = p ∙ r2 ∙ h

V =

VfinalVinitial


2




Vm

D 3cm 20g 227

m

V D



33 cm 162

cmg

1135 m = D V = 184

3cmg

= 1135

g

V






19300 g

7720 cm3 or 772 L

425 lbs

3cmg


15 cm

18 cm

m

V D

m

V = p r2 h

Vm

D

= p (18 cm)2(15 cm)

= 15268

3cm 15268

g 1195 = 779

cm3


82 cm

51 cm

47 cm

m

V D

Vm

D


m

V = l w h

= 820 cm (510 cm)(470 cm)

3cmg

= 19655

3cm 19655

g 153 = 0778

cm3

lt 1 No it floats






D1

D2

D3

D4

D5

D1

D2

D3

D4

D5


liq

liqliq V

m D sohellip


mliq =


Vliq

mliq Dliq=

VliqDliq




a chemical reaction






reactants

methane + oxygen

+ H2O(g)

carbondioxide


water+

22

Reactants Products

NaOH(aq)

water


sodium

2 2


+ +

+ +

Reactants Products




Pmass = Rmass

=










Dominion Science


Slide 7

What is Chemistry

Slide 9

The Beginning

Alchemy

Slide 12

Slide 13

Slide 14

Slide 15

Areas of Chemistry


Slide 18



Slide 21





Toxicity


Chemical Exposure


Science


Corning Glass

Aluminum Mining

Slide 34

Slide 35




Slide 39

Types of Data






Slide 46



Slide 49


Graphs

Bar Graph

Pie Graph

Line Graph


Graphing HW



Scientific Notation

Slide 60


Slide 62

Slide 63


Slide 65

Slide 66

Slide 67

Slide 68

Slide 69

Percent Error

Percent Error (2)

Significant Figures

Practice Measuring




How many Sig Figs



Slide 80

Slide 81

Slide 82

Numerical Example

Slide 84


Slide 86

Slide 87


The Metric System







Slide 96

Slide 97

Slide 98

Slide 99

Slide 100


Slide 102

Slide 103

Slide 104

Slide 105

Slide 106


Slide 108

Slide 109

Slide 110

Slide 111


Slide 113

Slide 114

Slide 115




412 cm2


= 4120 mm2

1 cm2

102 mm2

( )2 ( )2

Simple Mathwith

Conversion Factors


A = L W

= (46 cm)(91 cm)

91 cm= 42 cm2 cm

46 cm

Convert to m2 42 cm2 ( )______100 cm

1 m 2 = 00042 m2


cmcm


Find volume

Length = 142 cm

Width = 86 cm

Height = 215 cm

V = L W H

= (142 cm)(86 cm)(215 cm)

= 2600 cm3


Density =

Typical units


Vm D

volumemass m

V D

liquids and gases



1 a formula

water displacement

V = l ∙ w ∙ hV = p ∙ r2 ∙ h

V =

VfinalVinitial


2




Vm

D 3cm 20g 227

m

V D



33 cm 162

cmg

1135 m = D V = 184

3cmg

= 1135

g

V






19300 g

7720 cm3 or 772 L

425 lbs

3cmg


15 cm

18 cm

m

V D

m

V = p r2 h

Vm

D

= p (18 cm)2(15 cm)

= 15268

3cm 15268

g 1195 = 779

cm3


82 cm

51 cm

47 cm

m

V D

Vm

D


m

V = l w h

= 820 cm (510 cm)(470 cm)

3cmg

= 19655

3cm 19655

g 153 = 0778

cm3

lt 1 No it floats






D1

D2

D3

D4

D5

D1

D2

D3

D4

D5


liq

liqliq V

m D sohellip


mliq =


Vliq

mliq Dliq=

VliqDliq




a chemical reaction






reactants

methane + oxygen

+ H2O(g)

carbondioxide


water+

22

Reactants Products

NaOH(aq)

water


sodium

2 2


+ +

+ +

Reactants Products




Pmass = Rmass

=










Dominion Science


Slide 7

What is Chemistry

Slide 9

The Beginning

Alchemy

Slide 12

Slide 13

Slide 14

Slide 15

Areas of Chemistry


Slide 18



Slide 21





Toxicity


Chemical Exposure


Science


Corning Glass

Aluminum Mining

Slide 34

Slide 35




Slide 39

Types of Data






Slide 46



Slide 49


Graphs

Bar Graph

Pie Graph

Line Graph


Graphing HW



Scientific Notation

Slide 60


Slide 62

Slide 63


Slide 65

Slide 66

Slide 67

Slide 68

Slide 69

Percent Error

Percent Error (2)

Significant Figures

Practice Measuring




How many Sig Figs



Slide 80

Slide 81

Slide 82

Numerical Example

Slide 84


Slide 86

Slide 87


The Metric System







Slide 96

Slide 97

Slide 98

Slide 99

Slide 100


Slide 102

Slide 103

Slide 104

Slide 105

Slide 106


Slide 108

Slide 109

Slide 110

Slide 111


Slide 113

Slide 114

Slide 115



Simple Mathwith

Conversion Factors


A = L W

= (46 cm)(91 cm)

91 cm= 42 cm2 cm

46 cm

Convert to m2 42 cm2 ( )______100 cm

1 m 2 = 00042 m2


cmcm


Find volume

Length = 142 cm

Width = 86 cm

Height = 215 cm

V = L W H

= (142 cm)(86 cm)(215 cm)

= 2600 cm3


Density =

Typical units


Vm D

volumemass m

V D

liquids and gases



1 a formula

water displacement

V = l ∙ w ∙ hV = p ∙ r2 ∙ h

V =

VfinalVinitial


2




Vm

D 3cm 20g 227

m

V D



33 cm 162

cmg

1135 m = D V = 184

3cmg

= 1135

g

V






19300 g

7720 cm3 or 772 L

425 lbs

3cmg


15 cm

18 cm

m

V D

m

V = p r2 h

Vm

D

= p (18 cm)2(15 cm)

= 15268

3cm 15268

g 1195 = 779

cm3


82 cm

51 cm

47 cm

m

V D

Vm

D


m

V = l w h

= 820 cm (510 cm)(470 cm)

3cmg

= 19655

3cm 19655

g 153 = 0778

cm3

lt 1 No it floats






D1

D2

D3

D4

D5

D1

D2

D3

D4

D5


liq

liqliq V

m D sohellip


mliq =


Vliq

mliq Dliq=

VliqDliq




a chemical reaction






reactants

methane + oxygen

+ H2O(g)

carbondioxide


water+

22

Reactants Products

NaOH(aq)

water


sodium

2 2


+ +

+ +

Reactants Products




Pmass = Rmass

=










Dominion Science


Slide 7

What is Chemistry

Slide 9

The Beginning

Alchemy

Slide 12

Slide 13

Slide 14

Slide 15

Areas of Chemistry


Slide 18



Slide 21





Toxicity


Chemical Exposure


Science


Corning Glass

Aluminum Mining

Slide 34

Slide 35




Slide 39

Types of Data






Slide 46



Slide 49


Graphs

Bar Graph

Pie Graph

Line Graph


Graphing HW



Scientific Notation

Slide 60


Slide 62

Slide 63


Slide 65

Slide 66

Slide 67

Slide 68

Slide 69

Percent Error

Percent Error (2)

Significant Figures

Practice Measuring




How many Sig Figs



Slide 80

Slide 81

Slide 82

Numerical Example

Slide 84


Slide 86

Slide 87


The Metric System







Slide 96

Slide 97

Slide 98

Slide 99

Slide 100


Slide 102

Slide 103

Slide 104

Slide 105

Slide 106


Slide 108

Slide 109

Slide 110

Slide 111


Slide 113

Slide 114

Slide 115




A = L W

= (46 cm)(91 cm)

91 cm= 42 cm2 cm

46 cm

Convert to m2 42 cm2 ( )______100 cm

1 m 2 = 00042 m2


cmcm


Find volume

Length = 142 cm

Width = 86 cm

Height = 215 cm

V = L W H

= (142 cm)(86 cm)(215 cm)

= 2600 cm3


Density =

Typical units


Vm D

volumemass m

V D

liquids and gases



1 a formula

water displacement

V = l ∙ w ∙ hV = p ∙ r2 ∙ h

V =

VfinalVinitial


2




Vm

D 3cm 20g 227

m

V D



33 cm 162

cmg

1135 m = D V = 184

3cmg

= 1135

g

V






19300 g

7720 cm3 or 772 L

425 lbs

3cmg


15 cm

18 cm

m

V D

m

V = p r2 h

Vm

D

= p (18 cm)2(15 cm)

= 15268

3cm 15268

g 1195 = 779

cm3


82 cm

51 cm

47 cm

m

V D

Vm

D


m

V = l w h

= 820 cm (510 cm)(470 cm)

3cmg

= 19655

3cm 19655

g 153 = 0778

cm3

lt 1 No it floats






D1

D2

D3

D4

D5

D1

D2

D3

D4

D5


liq

liqliq V

m D sohellip


mliq =


Vliq

mliq Dliq=

VliqDliq




a chemical reaction






reactants

methane + oxygen

+ H2O(g)

carbondioxide


water+

22

Reactants Products

NaOH(aq)

water


sodium

2 2


+ +

+ +

Reactants Products




Pmass = Rmass

=










Dominion Science


Slide 7

What is Chemistry

Slide 9

The Beginning

Alchemy

Slide 12

Slide 13

Slide 14

Slide 15

Areas of Chemistry


Slide 18



Slide 21





Toxicity


Chemical Exposure


Science


Corning Glass

Aluminum Mining

Slide 34

Slide 35




Slide 39

Types of Data






Slide 46



Slide 49


Graphs

Bar Graph

Pie Graph

Line Graph


Graphing HW



Scientific Notation

Slide 60


Slide 62

Slide 63


Slide 65

Slide 66

Slide 67

Slide 68

Slide 69

Percent Error

Percent Error (2)

Significant Figures

Practice Measuring




How many Sig Figs



Slide 80

Slide 81

Slide 82

Numerical Example

Slide 84


Slide 86

Slide 87


The Metric System







Slide 96

Slide 97

Slide 98

Slide 99

Slide 100


Slide 102

Slide 103

Slide 104

Slide 105

Slide 106


Slide 108

Slide 109

Slide 110

Slide 111


Slide 113

Slide 114

Slide 115




Find volume

Length = 142 cm

Width = 86 cm

Height = 215 cm

V = L W H

= (142 cm)(86 cm)(215 cm)

= 2600 cm3


Density =

Typical units


Vm D

volumemass m

V D

liquids and gases



1 a formula

water displacement

V = l ∙ w ∙ hV = p ∙ r2 ∙ h

V =

VfinalVinitial


2




Vm

D 3cm 20g 227

m

V D



33 cm 162

cmg

1135 m = D V = 184

3cmg

= 1135

g

V






19300 g

7720 cm3 or 772 L

425 lbs

3cmg


15 cm

18 cm

m

V D

m

V = p r2 h

Vm

D

= p (18 cm)2(15 cm)

= 15268

3cm 15268

g 1195 = 779

cm3


82 cm

51 cm

47 cm

m

V D

Vm

D


m

V = l w h

= 820 cm (510 cm)(470 cm)

3cmg

= 19655

3cm 19655

g 153 = 0778

cm3

lt 1 No it floats






D1

D2

D3

D4

D5

D1

D2

D3

D4

D5


liq

liqliq V

m D sohellip


mliq =


Vliq

mliq Dliq=

VliqDliq




a chemical reaction






reactants

methane + oxygen

+ H2O(g)

carbondioxide


water+

22

Reactants Products

NaOH(aq)

water


sodium

2 2


+ +

+ +

Reactants Products




Pmass = Rmass

=










Dominion Science


Slide 7

What is Chemistry

Slide 9

The Beginning

Alchemy

Slide 12

Slide 13

Slide 14

Slide 15

Areas of Chemistry


Slide 18



Slide 21





Toxicity


Chemical Exposure


Science


Corning Glass

Aluminum Mining

Slide 34

Slide 35




Slide 39

Types of Data






Slide 46



Slide 49


Graphs

Bar Graph

Pie Graph

Line Graph


Graphing HW



Scientific Notation

Slide 60


Slide 62

Slide 63


Slide 65

Slide 66

Slide 67

Slide 68

Slide 69

Percent Error

Percent Error (2)

Significant Figures

Practice Measuring




How many Sig Figs



Slide 80

Slide 81

Slide 82

Numerical Example

Slide 84


Slide 86

Slide 87


The Metric System







Slide 96

Slide 97

Slide 98

Slide 99

Slide 100


Slide 102

Slide 103

Slide 104

Slide 105

Slide 106


Slide 108

Slide 109

Slide 110

Slide 111


Slide 113

Slide 114

Slide 115




Density =

Typical units


Vm D

volumemass m

V D

liquids and gases



1 a formula

water displacement

V = l ∙ w ∙ hV = p ∙ r2 ∙ h

V =

VfinalVinitial


2




Vm

D 3cm 20g 227

m

V D



33 cm 162

cmg

1135 m = D V = 184

3cmg

= 1135

g

V






19300 g

7720 cm3 or 772 L

425 lbs

3cmg


15 cm

18 cm

m

V D

m

V = p r2 h

Vm

D

= p (18 cm)2(15 cm)

= 15268

3cm 15268

g 1195 = 779

cm3


82 cm

51 cm

47 cm

m

V D

Vm

D


m

V = l w h

= 820 cm (510 cm)(470 cm)

3cmg

= 19655

3cm 19655

g 153 = 0778

cm3

lt 1 No it floats






D1

D2

D3

D4

D5

D1

D2

D3

D4

D5


liq

liqliq V

m D sohellip


mliq =


Vliq

mliq Dliq=

VliqDliq




a chemical reaction






reactants

methane + oxygen

+ H2O(g)

carbondioxide


water+

22

Reactants Products

NaOH(aq)

water


sodium

2 2


+ +

+ +

Reactants Products




Pmass = Rmass

=










Dominion Science


Slide 7

What is Chemistry

Slide 9

The Beginning

Alchemy

Slide 12

Slide 13

Slide 14

Slide 15

Areas of Chemistry


Slide 18



Slide 21





Toxicity


Chemical Exposure


Science


Corning Glass

Aluminum Mining

Slide 34

Slide 35




Slide 39

Types of Data






Slide 46



Slide 49


Graphs

Bar Graph

Pie Graph

Line Graph


Graphing HW



Scientific Notation

Slide 60


Slide 62

Slide 63


Slide 65

Slide 66

Slide 67

Slide 68

Slide 69

Percent Error

Percent Error (2)

Significant Figures

Practice Measuring




How many Sig Figs



Slide 80

Slide 81

Slide 82

Numerical Example

Slide 84


Slide 86

Slide 87


The Metric System







Slide 96

Slide 97

Slide 98

Slide 99

Slide 100


Slide 102

Slide 103

Slide 104

Slide 105

Slide 106


Slide 108

Slide 109

Slide 110

Slide 111


Slide 113

Slide 114

Slide 115




1 a formula

water displacement

V = l ∙ w ∙ hV = p ∙ r2 ∙ h

V =

VfinalVinitial


2




Vm

D 3cm 20g 227

m

V D



33 cm 162

cmg

1135 m = D V = 184

3cmg

= 1135

g

V






19300 g

7720 cm3 or 772 L

425 lbs

3cmg


15 cm

18 cm

m

V D

m

V = p r2 h

Vm

D

= p (18 cm)2(15 cm)

= 15268

3cm 15268

g 1195 = 779

cm3


82 cm

51 cm

47 cm

m

V D

Vm

D


m

V = l w h

= 820 cm (510 cm)(470 cm)

3cmg

= 19655

3cm 19655

g 153 = 0778

cm3

lt 1 No it floats






D1

D2

D3

D4

D5

D1

D2

D3

D4

D5


liq

liqliq V

m D sohellip


mliq =


Vliq

mliq Dliq=

VliqDliq




a chemical reaction






reactants

methane + oxygen

+ H2O(g)

carbondioxide


water+

22

Reactants Products

NaOH(aq)

water


sodium

2 2


+ +

+ +

Reactants Products




Pmass = Rmass

=










Dominion Science


Slide 7

What is Chemistry

Slide 9

The Beginning

Alchemy

Slide 12

Slide 13

Slide 14

Slide 15

Areas of Chemistry


Slide 18



Slide 21





Toxicity


Chemical Exposure


Science


Corning Glass

Aluminum Mining

Slide 34

Slide 35




Slide 39

Types of Data






Slide 46



Slide 49


Graphs

Bar Graph

Pie Graph

Line Graph


Graphing HW



Scientific Notation

Slide 60


Slide 62

Slide 63


Slide 65

Slide 66

Slide 67

Slide 68

Slide 69

Percent Error

Percent Error (2)

Significant Figures

Practice Measuring




How many Sig Figs



Slide 80

Slide 81

Slide 82

Numerical Example

Slide 84


Slide 86

Slide 87


The Metric System







Slide 96

Slide 97

Slide 98

Slide 99

Slide 100


Slide 102

Slide 103

Slide 104

Slide 105

Slide 106


Slide 108

Slide 109

Slide 110

Slide 111


Slide 113

Slide 114

Slide 115






Vm

D 3cm 20g 227

m

V D



33 cm 162

cmg

1135 m = D V = 184

3cmg

= 1135

g

V






19300 g

7720 cm3 or 772 L

425 lbs

3cmg


15 cm

18 cm

m

V D

m

V = p r2 h

Vm

D

= p (18 cm)2(15 cm)

= 15268

3cm 15268

g 1195 = 779

cm3


82 cm

51 cm

47 cm

m

V D

Vm

D


m

V = l w h

= 820 cm (510 cm)(470 cm)

3cmg

= 19655

3cm 19655

g 153 = 0778

cm3

lt 1 No it floats






D1

D2

D3

D4

D5

D1

D2

D3

D4

D5


liq

liqliq V

m D sohellip


mliq =


Vliq

mliq Dliq=

VliqDliq




a chemical reaction






reactants

methane + oxygen

+ H2O(g)

carbondioxide


water+

22

Reactants Products

NaOH(aq)

water


sodium

2 2


+ +

+ +

Reactants Products




Pmass = Rmass

=










Dominion Science


Slide 7

What is Chemistry

Slide 9

The Beginning

Alchemy

Slide 12

Slide 13

Slide 14

Slide 15

Areas of Chemistry


Slide 18



Slide 21





Toxicity


Chemical Exposure


Science


Corning Glass

Aluminum Mining

Slide 34

Slide 35




Slide 39

Types of Data






Slide 46



Slide 49


Graphs

Bar Graph

Pie Graph

Line Graph


Graphing HW



Scientific Notation

Slide 60


Slide 62

Slide 63


Slide 65

Slide 66

Slide 67

Slide 68

Slide 69

Percent Error

Percent Error (2)

Significant Figures

Practice Measuring




How many Sig Figs



Slide 80

Slide 81

Slide 82

Numerical Example

Slide 84


Slide 86

Slide 87


The Metric System







Slide 96

Slide 97

Slide 98

Slide 99

Slide 100


Slide 102

Slide 103

Slide 104

Slide 105

Slide 106


Slide 108

Slide 109

Slide 110

Slide 111


Slide 113

Slide 114

Slide 115








19300 g

7720 cm3 or 772 L

425 lbs

3cmg


15 cm

18 cm

m

V D

m

V = p r2 h

Vm

D

= p (18 cm)2(15 cm)

= 15268

3cm 15268

g 1195 = 779

cm3


82 cm

51 cm

47 cm

m

V D

Vm

D


m

V = l w h

= 820 cm (510 cm)(470 cm)

3cmg

= 19655

3cm 19655

g 153 = 0778

cm3

lt 1 No it floats






D1

D2

D3

D4

D5

D1

D2

D3

D4

D5


liq

liqliq V

m D sohellip


mliq =


Vliq

mliq Dliq=

VliqDliq




a chemical reaction






reactants

methane + oxygen

+ H2O(g)

carbondioxide


water+

22

Reactants Products

NaOH(aq)

water


sodium

2 2


+ +

+ +

Reactants Products




Pmass = Rmass

=










Dominion Science


Slide 7

What is Chemistry

Slide 9

The Beginning

Alchemy

Slide 12

Slide 13

Slide 14

Slide 15

Areas of Chemistry


Slide 18



Slide 21





Toxicity


Chemical Exposure


Science


Corning Glass

Aluminum Mining

Slide 34

Slide 35




Slide 39

Types of Data






Slide 46



Slide 49


Graphs

Bar Graph

Pie Graph

Line Graph


Graphing HW



Scientific Notation

Slide 60


Slide 62

Slide 63


Slide 65

Slide 66

Slide 67

Slide 68

Slide 69

Percent Error

Percent Error (2)

Significant Figures

Practice Measuring




How many Sig Figs



Slide 80

Slide 81

Slide 82

Numerical Example

Slide 84


Slide 86

Slide 87


The Metric System







Slide 96

Slide 97

Slide 98

Slide 99

Slide 100


Slide 102

Slide 103

Slide 104

Slide 105

Slide 106


Slide 108

Slide 109

Slide 110

Slide 111


Slide 113

Slide 114

Slide 115



3cmg


15 cm

18 cm

m

V D

m

V = p r2 h

Vm

D

= p (18 cm)2(15 cm)

= 15268

3cm 15268

g 1195 = 779

cm3


82 cm

51 cm

47 cm

m

V D

Vm

D


m

V = l w h

= 820 cm (510 cm)(470 cm)

3cmg

= 19655

3cm 19655

g 153 = 0778

cm3

lt 1 No it floats






D1

D2

D3

D4

D5

D1

D2

D3

D4

D5


liq

liqliq V

m D sohellip


mliq =


Vliq

mliq Dliq=

VliqDliq




a chemical reaction






reactants

methane + oxygen

+ H2O(g)

carbondioxide


water+

22

Reactants Products

NaOH(aq)

water


sodium

2 2


+ +

+ +

Reactants Products




Pmass = Rmass

=










Dominion Science


Slide 7

What is Chemistry

Slide 9

The Beginning

Alchemy

Slide 12

Slide 13

Slide 14

Slide 15

Areas of Chemistry


Slide 18



Slide 21





Toxicity


Chemical Exposure


Science


Corning Glass

Aluminum Mining

Slide 34

Slide 35




Slide 39

Types of Data






Slide 46



Slide 49


Graphs

Bar Graph

Pie Graph

Line Graph


Graphing HW



Scientific Notation

Slide 60


Slide 62

Slide 63


Slide 65

Slide 66

Slide 67

Slide 68

Slide 69

Percent Error

Percent Error (2)

Significant Figures

Practice Measuring




How many Sig Figs



Slide 80

Slide 81

Slide 82

Numerical Example

Slide 84


Slide 86

Slide 87


The Metric System







Slide 96

Slide 97

Slide 98

Slide 99

Slide 100


Slide 102

Slide 103

Slide 104

Slide 105

Slide 106


Slide 108

Slide 109

Slide 110

Slide 111


Slide 113

Slide 114

Slide 115




82 cm

51 cm

47 cm

m

V D

Vm

D


m

V = l w h

= 820 cm (510 cm)(470 cm)

3cmg

= 19655

3cm 19655

g 153 = 0778

cm3

lt 1 No it floats






D1

D2

D3

D4

D5

D1

D2

D3

D4

D5


liq

liqliq V

m D sohellip


mliq =


Vliq

mliq Dliq=

VliqDliq




a chemical reaction






reactants

methane + oxygen

+ H2O(g)

carbondioxide


water+

22

Reactants Products

NaOH(aq)

water


sodium

2 2


+ +

+ +

Reactants Products




Pmass = Rmass

=










Dominion Science


Slide 7

What is Chemistry

Slide 9

The Beginning

Alchemy

Slide 12

Slide 13

Slide 14

Slide 15

Areas of Chemistry


Slide 18



Slide 21





Toxicity


Chemical Exposure


Science


Corning Glass

Aluminum Mining

Slide 34

Slide 35




Slide 39

Types of Data






Slide 46



Slide 49


Graphs

Bar Graph

Pie Graph

Line Graph


Graphing HW



Scientific Notation

Slide 60


Slide 62

Slide 63


Slide 65

Slide 66

Slide 67

Slide 68

Slide 69

Percent Error

Percent Error (2)

Significant Figures

Practice Measuring




How many Sig Figs



Slide 80

Slide 81

Slide 82

Numerical Example

Slide 84


Slide 86

Slide 87


The Metric System







Slide 96

Slide 97

Slide 98

Slide 99

Slide 100


Slide 102

Slide 103

Slide 104

Slide 105

Slide 106


Slide 108

Slide 109

Slide 110

Slide 111


Slide 113

Slide 114

Slide 115








D1

D2

D3

D4

D5

D1

D2

D3

D4

D5


liq

liqliq V

m D sohellip


mliq =


Vliq

mliq Dliq=

VliqDliq




a chemical reaction






reactants

methane + oxygen

+ H2O(g)

carbondioxide


water+

22

Reactants Products

NaOH(aq)

water


sodium

2 2


+ +

+ +

Reactants Products




Pmass = Rmass

=










Dominion Science


Slide 7

What is Chemistry

Slide 9

The Beginning

Alchemy

Slide 12

Slide 13

Slide 14

Slide 15

Areas of Chemistry


Slide 18



Slide 21





Toxicity


Chemical Exposure


Science


Corning Glass

Aluminum Mining

Slide 34

Slide 35




Slide 39

Types of Data






Slide 46



Slide 49


Graphs

Bar Graph

Pie Graph

Line Graph


Graphing HW



Scientific Notation

Slide 60


Slide 62

Slide 63


Slide 65

Slide 66

Slide 67

Slide 68

Slide 69

Percent Error

Percent Error (2)

Significant Figures

Practice Measuring




How many Sig Figs



Slide 80

Slide 81

Slide 82

Numerical Example

Slide 84


Slide 86

Slide 87


The Metric System







Slide 96

Slide 97

Slide 98

Slide 99

Slide 100


Slide 102

Slide 103

Slide 104

Slide 105

Slide 106


Slide 108

Slide 109

Slide 110

Slide 111


Slide 113

Slide 114

Slide 115



D1

D2

D3

D4

D5


liq

liqliq V

m D sohellip


mliq =


Vliq

mliq Dliq=

VliqDliq




a chemical reaction






reactants

methane + oxygen

+ H2O(g)

carbondioxide


water+

22

Reactants Products

NaOH(aq)

water


sodium

2 2


+ +

+ +

Reactants Products




Pmass = Rmass

=










Dominion Science


Slide 7

What is Chemistry

Slide 9

The Beginning

Alchemy

Slide 12

Slide 13

Slide 14

Slide 15

Areas of Chemistry


Slide 18



Slide 21





Toxicity


Chemical Exposure


Science


Corning Glass

Aluminum Mining

Slide 34

Slide 35




Slide 39

Types of Data






Slide 46



Slide 49


Graphs

Bar Graph

Pie Graph

Line Graph


Graphing HW



Scientific Notation

Slide 60


Slide 62

Slide 63


Slide 65

Slide 66

Slide 67

Slide 68

Slide 69

Percent Error

Percent Error (2)

Significant Figures

Practice Measuring




How many Sig Figs



Slide 80

Slide 81

Slide 82

Numerical Example

Slide 84


Slide 86

Slide 87


The Metric System







Slide 96

Slide 97

Slide 98

Slide 99

Slide 100


Slide 102

Slide 103

Slide 104

Slide 105

Slide 106


Slide 108

Slide 109

Slide 110

Slide 111


Slide 113

Slide 114

Slide 115






a chemical reaction






reactants

methane + oxygen

+ H2O(g)

carbondioxide


water+

22

Reactants Products

NaOH(aq)

water


sodium

2 2


+ +

+ +

Reactants Products




Pmass = Rmass

=










Dominion Science


Slide 7

What is Chemistry

Slide 9

The Beginning

Alchemy

Slide 12

Slide 13

Slide 14

Slide 15

Areas of Chemistry


Slide 18



Slide 21





Toxicity


Chemical Exposure


Science


Corning Glass

Aluminum Mining

Slide 34

Slide 35




Slide 39

Types of Data






Slide 46



Slide 49


Graphs

Bar Graph

Pie Graph

Line Graph


Graphing HW



Scientific Notation

Slide 60


Slide 62

Slide 63


Slide 65

Slide 66

Slide 67

Slide 68

Slide 69

Percent Error

Percent Error (2)

Significant Figures

Practice Measuring




How many Sig Figs



Slide 80

Slide 81

Slide 82

Numerical Example

Slide 84


Slide 86

Slide 87


The Metric System







Slide 96

Slide 97

Slide 98

Slide 99

Slide 100


Slide 102

Slide 103

Slide 104

Slide 105

Slide 106


Slide 108

Slide 109

Slide 110

Slide 111


Slide 113

Slide 114

Slide 115



methane + oxygen

+ H2O(g)

carbondioxide


water+

22

Reactants Products

NaOH(aq)

water


sodium

2 2


+ +

+ +

Reactants Products




Pmass = Rmass

=










Dominion Science


Slide 7

What is Chemistry

Slide 9

The Beginning

Alchemy

Slide 12

Slide 13

Slide 14

Slide 15

Areas of Chemistry


Slide 18



Slide 21





Toxicity


Chemical Exposure


Science


Corning Glass

Aluminum Mining

Slide 34

Slide 35




Slide 39

Types of Data






Slide 46



Slide 49


Graphs

Bar Graph

Pie Graph

Line Graph


Graphing HW



Scientific Notation

Slide 60


Slide 62

Slide 63


Slide 65

Slide 66

Slide 67

Slide 68

Slide 69

Percent Error

Percent Error (2)

Significant Figures

Practice Measuring




How many Sig Figs



Slide 80

Slide 81

Slide 82

Numerical Example

Slide 84


Slide 86

Slide 87


The Metric System







Slide 96

Slide 97

Slide 98

Slide 99

Slide 100


Slide 102

Slide 103

Slide 104

Slide 105

Slide 106


Slide 108

Slide 109

Slide 110

Slide 111


Slide 113

Slide 114

Slide 115



NaOH(aq)

water


sodium

2 2


+ +

+ +

Reactants Products




Pmass = Rmass

=










Dominion Science


Slide 7

What is Chemistry

Slide 9

The Beginning

Alchemy

Slide 12

Slide 13

Slide 14

Slide 15

Areas of Chemistry


Slide 18



Slide 21





Toxicity


Chemical Exposure


Science


Corning Glass

Aluminum Mining

Slide 34

Slide 35




Slide 39

Types of Data






Slide 46



Slide 49


Graphs

Bar Graph

Pie Graph

Line Graph


Graphing HW



Scientific Notation

Slide 60


Slide 62

Slide 63


Slide 65

Slide 66

Slide 67

Slide 68

Slide 69

Percent Error

Percent Error (2)

Significant Figures

Practice Measuring




How many Sig Figs



Slide 80

Slide 81

Slide 82

Numerical Example

Slide 84


Slide 86

Slide 87


The Metric System







Slide 96

Slide 97

Slide 98

Slide 99

Slide 100


Slide 102

Slide 103

Slide 104

Slide 105

Slide 106


Slide 108

Slide 109

Slide 110

Slide 111


Slide 113

Slide 114

Slide 115






Pmass = Rmass

=










Dominion Science


Slide 7

What is Chemistry

Slide 9

The Beginning

Alchemy

Slide 12

Slide 13

Slide 14

Slide 15

Areas of Chemistry


Slide 18



Slide 21





Toxicity


Chemical Exposure


Science


Corning Glass

Aluminum Mining

Slide 34

Slide 35




Slide 39

Types of Data






Slide 46



Slide 49


Graphs

Bar Graph

Pie Graph

Line Graph


Graphing HW



Scientific Notation

Slide 60


Slide 62

Slide 63


Slide 65

Slide 66

Slide 67

Slide 68

Slide 69

Percent Error

Percent Error (2)

Significant Figures

Practice Measuring




How many Sig Figs



Slide 80

Slide 81

Slide 82

Numerical Example

Slide 84


Slide 86

Slide 87


The Metric System







Slide 96

Slide 97

Slide 98

Slide 99

Slide 100


Slide 102

Slide 103

Slide 104

Slide 105

Slide 106


Slide 108

Slide 109

Slide 110

Slide 111


Slide 113

Slide 114

Slide 115









Dominion Science


Slide 7

What is Chemistry

Slide 9

The Beginning

Alchemy

Slide 12

Slide 13

Slide 14

Slide 15

Areas of Chemistry


Slide 18



Slide 21





Toxicity


Chemical Exposure


Science


Corning Glass

Aluminum Mining

Slide 34

Slide 35




Slide 39

Types of Data






Slide 46



Slide 49


Graphs

Bar Graph

Pie Graph

Line Graph


Graphing HW



Scientific Notation

Slide 60


Slide 62

Slide 63


Slide 65

Slide 66

Slide 67

Slide 68

Slide 69

Percent Error

Percent Error (2)

Significant Figures

Practice Measuring




How many Sig Figs



Slide 80

Slide 81

Slide 82

Numerical Example

Slide 84


Slide 86

Slide 87


The Metric System







Slide 96

Slide 97

Slide 98

Slide 99

Slide 100


Slide 102

Slide 103

Slide 104

Slide 105

Slide 106


Slide 108

Slide 109

Slide 110

Slide 111


Slide 113

Slide 114

Slide 115



unit 1 introduction to chemistry chapter 1 read sections 1.1; 1.2 and 1.3

Documents

chemistry unit

image of god

admodern chemistry

chemistry chapter

political science

glory of god

earnest studyof chemistry

social science social