unit 1: from pre-history to early civilizations chapter 1: early peoples of the world (pages 2-9)
TRANSCRIPT
Unit 1: From Pre-History Unit 1: From Pre-History to Early Civilizationsto Early Civilizations
Chapter 1: Early Peoples of the WorldChapter 1: Early Peoples of the World(Pages 2-9)(Pages 2-9)
For our class: For our class: There are 8 There are 8 ““UnitsUnits”” in this book (about 1 month for in this book (about 1 month for
each)each) Each Unit has 3-5 Each Unit has 3-5 ““ChaptersChapters”” (about 1 chapter a week) (about 1 chapter a week) Each Chapter has 3-5 Each Chapter has 3-5 ““SectionsSections”” (1 section each day) (1 section each day)
LetLet’’s look at pages 2 and 3 in your s look at pages 2 and 3 in your bookbook
Why does the start of each chapter have a time line?Why does the start of each chapter have a time line? Why is there a map on the top right of the start of each Why is there a map on the top right of the start of each
Chapter?Chapter? Is there anything you should read on this page?Is there anything you should read on this page? What else on that page looks like it could be useful?What else on that page looks like it could be useful?
Now: letNow: let’’s look at page s look at page 44
Most people skip over Most people skip over the parts which will help the parts which will help them the most.them the most.
Right under the title are Right under the title are the MAIN IDEAS of the the MAIN IDEAS of the section. section.
On the left are: On the left are: ““Terms Terms to Knowto Know”” often words often words that may be new or that may be new or unfamiliar to you).unfamiliar to you).
What else SHOULD you What else SHOULD you look at in each section look at in each section (before you start to (before you start to read?read?
LetLet’’s start ons start on Section I: Prehistoric TimeSection I: Prehistoric Time
(Pages 2-9)(Pages 2-9) This section is about:This section is about: How archeological discoveries led scientists to believe that How archeological discoveries led scientists to believe that
human pre-history began in Africa.human pre-history began in Africa. How some groups of pre-historic humans developed tools.How some groups of pre-historic humans developed tools. How humans adapted to changing conditions in their How humans adapted to changing conditions in their
environment.environment.
Pre-history: any Pre-history: any period of time period of time before things were before things were ““recordedrecorded””
This never happened
(people fighting dinosaurs)
ArcheologistsArcheologists: people who study : people who study the pastthe past
Items they find helps them Items they find helps them figure out the past – even 6-7 figure out the past – even 6-7 million years ago – during the million years ago – during the stone age.stone age.
Modern technology has helped Modern technology has helped archeologists a lot: things like archeologists a lot: things like carbon-14 dating, ground carbon-14 dating, ground sensors, and even sensors, and even space/satellite images.space/satellite images.
Early humansEarly humans
When scientists When scientists looked for early looked for early humans, they humans, they looked in Africa.looked in Africa.
These scientists These scientists were were ““anthropologistsanthropologists”” – – people who study people who study humans and their humans and their characteristicscharacteristics
Two of these Two of these anthropologists were anthropologists were Louis and Mary Leaky -Louis and Mary Leaky -they found a they found a ““hominidhominid”” fossil as much as 4.5 fossil as much as 4.5 million years old (the million years old (the oldest oldest ““human-likehuman-like”” fossil fossil found).found).
Their son found another – Their son found another – ““homo-habilishomo-habilis”” – about 1.8 – about 1.8 million years old.million years old.
And, another man found And, another man found ““LucyLucy”” – a skeleton about – a skeleton about 3 million years old – an 3 million years old – an Australopithecus hominid.Australopithecus hominid.
Anthropologists think…Anthropologists think… About 2.6 million years About 2.6 million years
ago, people started using ago, people started using ““tools.tools.””
Humans are the only Humans are the only species on earth that uses species on earth that uses tools – so thattools – so that’’s a pretty s a pretty big thing.big thing.
ItIt’’s the very start of human s the very start of human ““cultureculture”” – a way of life tha – a way of life thatt ’’s passed to the next s passed to the next generation.generation.
Some other groups of Some other groups of hominids:hominids:
Homo-erectusHomo-erectus: first to : first to use fire, hunt animals, use fire, hunt animals, cook food, fish (the cook food, fish (the men), and care for men), and care for children, and hunt for children, and hunt for nuts, fruits, and berries nuts, fruits, and berries (the women).(the women).
Also: began to migrate Also: began to migrate (move) to new places (move) to new places (food, warmth, safety).(food, warmth, safety).
People who move People who move around all the time can around all the time can also be called (also be called (nomadsnomads) )
Another…Another…Homo-SapiensHomo-Sapiens: two groups of : two groups of hominidshominids
NeanderthalsNeanderthals:: Early homo sapiensEarly homo sapiens Lived about 70,000 BCLived about 70,000 BC They knew how to hunt, use stone They knew how to hunt, use stone
and wood tools, and lives mostly in and wood tools, and lives mostly in caves, and maybe even played some caves, and maybe even played some music.music.
No one really know why they No one really know why they disappeared, but maybe during an disappeared, but maybe during an ice age.ice age.
Cro-MagnonsCro-Magnons:: May have competed with May have competed with
Neanderthals for food.Neanderthals for food. Good toolmakers, hunters, and Good toolmakers, hunters, and
fishermen.fishermen. Superior language skillsSuperior language skills By 8000 BC were very much like By 8000 BC were very much like
modern humans.modern humans. Well known for their art (next Well known for their art (next
slide)slide)
Cro-Magnon ArtCro-Magnon Art About 300 caves in About 300 caves in
Europe (France) have Europe (France) have early paintingsearly paintings
Also: some ivory, Also: some ivory, antler and stone antler and stone ““sculpturessculptures””
What might be What might be reasons they made reasons they made these paintings? these paintings? (practical/artistic/othe(practical/artistic/other)r)
And, some things which havenAnd, some things which haven ’’t been explained t been explained yetyet
(like Stonehenge)(like Stonehenge)
