«UNGASS Period»

Turkey’s Supply Reduction Policy, New Approaches & Actions Taken

Content

1. Supply Reduction Policy• Coordination

• Strategy Documents and Action Plans (Action Plan on Fight against Drugs, Action Plan on Fight against Organized Crime)

2. Comparision of UNGASS and Turkey’s Supply Reduction Policy • Actions taken during UNGASS Follow-up

Process

3. Supply Reduction• Drug Routes

• Drug Statistics

4. New Approaches• Legislation

• Narco-Terrorism

• NPS

• International Cooperation Controlled Delivery Operations Operational Cooperation

Coordination- Boards on Fight against Drugs

Supply Reduction Policy

• High Council on Fight against Drugs

• Council on Fight against Drugs

• Technical Council on Fight against Drugs

Provincial/District Board on Fight against Drugs

Ministers

Deputy Undersecretaries

Experts

Local

Supply Reduction Policy

Coordination; Strategy Document/ Action Plan

• 2016 – 2018 National StrategyDocument on Drugs andAction Plan have been putinto force with the decree ofHigh Council on Fight againstDrugs

Supply Reduction Policy

Coordination; National Strategy Documenton Fight Against OrganisedCrime 2016-2021 and 2016-2018 National Action Plan onFight Against OrganisedCrime

Comparision of UNGASS and Turkey’s Supply Reduction Policy/Chronological Process

• The Natioanl Strategy Document andAction Plan has been put into force atthe beginning of 2016.

• 59th Session of CND and UNGASS2016 has been carried out in themonths following the period of thesaid documents has been put intoforce.

• Despite these 2 processes haveprogressed differently, The NatioanlStrategy Document and Action Planhas been prepared in the light ofprevious sessions of CND and theEuropean Union Drug StrategyDocument.

Comparision of UNGASS and Turkey’s Supply Reduction PolicyTurkey’s National Supply Reduction Policy UNGASS Supply Reduction Policy Acts Undertaken

Effectively investigating the people who are captured

in the police crackdown on drug trafficking as well as

the organizations which are deciphered in the

process to identify any link with the terrorist

organizations and preventing the use of drugs as

financial resources.

The activities were carried out related to prevention of

finance of terrorism under Article of 3, item (e) and (k),

Operational recommendations on supply reduction and

related measures; effective law enforcement; responses to

drug-related crime; and countering money-laundering and

promoting judicial Cooperation.

Fighting against Narco-

Terrorism

Supporting the International Cooperation in anti-

drug efforts and placing emphasis on the Controlled

Deliviery Operations

The activities were carried out related to cooperation with International organizations under Article of 6 items (a), (c), (e), “Operational recommendations on strengtheninginternational cooperation based on the principle of common and shared responsibility”.

International

Cooperation

Undertaking the fight against New Psychoactive

Substances (NPS) within the framework of the Early

Warning System

The activities were carried out related to NPS and Early Warning System under Article of 5 items (e), (f), (g), (h) “Operational recommendations on cross-cutting issues in addressing and countering the world drug problem: evolving reality, trends and existing circumstances, emerging and persistent challenges and threats, including new psychoactive substances, in conformity with the three international drug control conventions and other relevant international instruments”

Fight against NPS

• Turkey is on the «Balkan Route»which is a geographicallyimportant transit route in terms ofillicit opium and derivatives trade,

• However, Turkey has become atarget country for drug traffickersin recent years due to its high rateof young population and transitnature.

Supply Reduction

Routes

According to the Afghanistan Opium PoppySurvey Report 2016;

• Potential opium production, which was3,300 tons in 2015, increased by 43% to4,800 tons in 2016.

• The area of opium cultivation, which was183,000 hectares in 2015, increased by 10%to 201,000 hectares in 2016.

Supply Reduction

Routes

Supply ReductionRoutes

• Turkey is the target countryfor synthetic drugs originatingfrom Europe and also for theprecursors needed for thesedrugs

• As being a transit countryTurkey is also under the threatof the synthetic drugsshipped to Asian countries.

Ecstasy &Captagon Production and Trafficking Routes

Number of Offences and Suspects for the period of 2014-2016

Source: Turkish National Focal Point of EMCDDA, 2017

Supply Reduction

Statistics

77,664 73,01781,222

117,686108,003

114,276

0

20,000

40,000

60,000

80,000

100,000

120,000

140,000

2014 2015 2016

Number of Offences Number of Suspects

Supply ReductionNarco-team Project

DECEMBER 2014 JULY 2015 JULY 2017

11 PROVINCES 18 PROVINCES 21 PROVINCES

• The sentences for drug trafficking crimes committedwithin 200 meters of the places that require particularattention such as; schools, dormitories, hospitals,military barracks and places of worship have beenincreased by half.

• In order to fight against NPS Generic Legislation has beenput into force and many NPS have been taken under thelaw with a proactive approach before they enter the drugmarket in Turkey

New Approaches

Legislative Amendments

• Turkey attaches a great importance tointernational cooperation andinformation exchange in the fightagainst drugs.

• It has great importance to be incooperation with the countriesinvolved espeacially for Afghanistan-originated opium and Europeancountries originated synthetic drugs.

New Approaches

International Cooperation

International operations carried out between 2006 – 2016

Controlled Delivery Joint Operation Countries

Operations 77 140 22

New Approaches

International Cooperation

Number of Countries

That have Liaison Officer in Turkey

Number of Liaison Officer in Turkey

Number of Countries That Turkey have Liaison

Officer

Number of Liaison Officer of Turkey

41 113 12 13

International Cooperation & Liaison Officers

Overview of Crime Revenues Obtained Through Drug Trafficking at Global Level

New Approaches

NARCO-TERRORISM

According to some international reports, it isestimated that around $1,6 trillion is beinglaundered per year and estimated value of $320billion being generated from drug trafficking(UNODC and IMF, 2012)

The total value of EU drug market has beenestimated to be worth at around 24 billion EUR in2013 (EMCDDA, EUROPOL).

European monitoring centre

for drugs and drug addiction

International Monetary Fund

New Approaches

NARCO-TERRORISM

PKK/KCK is an armed and separatist terrorist group aiming atestablishing a state in Southern and Southeast Turkey, northernIraq, northeast Syria and Northwest Iran and committing everykind of criminal activities in order to separate the territorywithin the borders of Turkey.

Annualy, It is estimated that the organization generates around1,5 billion USD income from drug trafficking by involving everystage of the trafficking

According to some international reports and publications;PKK/KCK generates between 50 and 100 million USD only fromAfghan heroin destined to Europe from Afghanistan

On October14, 2009, U.S Department of Treasury designatedthree leaders of the PKK/KCK terrorist organization as SignificantForeign Narcotics Traffickers.

PKK/KCK

However, there are significant findings of drug trafficking activitiescarried out by terrorist organizations such as FETÖ/PDY, DEASH,DHKP/C, THKP/C Acilciler etc. in order to provide financial resources,within this context necessary efforts and investigations have beencontinuing.

OTHER TERRORİST ORGANİZATİONS WİTH DRUG TRAFFİCKING ACTIVITIES

New Approaches

NPS CONTROL MEASURES

• Over the last decade the huge growth in availability of new psychoactive substances on drug market has driven greater complexity into the World drug problem and led to major new challenges for public health. And certainlybecame One of the biggest Common threat for the World.

LEGAL RESPONSES

• International Drug Conventions Monitoring, Joint Surveys, Researches, etc.

• National Regulations Drug Laws Specific NPS Control Law or Regulation, Lists and/or Analog, Generic Definition

Approaches, Catch-all Approaches, Risk Assessments, Temporary Controls

TUBİM EWS Working Group

Meeting

Council of Ministers

EMCDDA TUBİM Ministry of Health

Turkish National Police

Gendarmarie General Command

Criminal Police Laboratory

Customs General Directorate

Forensic Science Institution

Coast Guard Command

Criminal Gendarmarie Laboratory

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

900

692

170

Number of NPS not under Legal Control in Turkey

Number of NPS under Legal Control in Turkey

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

416

276

Number of NPS under control by Generic Legislation

Number of NPS taken under control one by one

+850692

Number of NPS Monitored & Their Legal Status in Turkey Distribution of NPS According to the Legal Control Method