1. 1. Trng i Hc Khoa Hc T Nhin, TPHCM ---Khoa Sinh Hc---Chuyn ngnh: Sinh ThiMn Hc :ng Dng Sinh ThiTrong S Dng tCh : t trng v mt svn lin quan ti t trng GVHD : L Cng Mn Vn Lc Hip0815218 Nguyn vn Thng0815669 Ha Th Vng 0815863
2. 2. Ni dungI. Tng quanII. Hin trng suy gim cht lng ti nguyn tIII. Cc nhm t chnh ca Vit Nam v Phn bIV. Phn b cc loi cy trng chnhV. Cc phng php bo tn t trngVI. So snh lm t theo li bo tn v khng bo tnVII. Kt lun Ti liu tham kho
3. 3. Tng quan 2011 :6,990,887,587 2009: c tnh 1,1 % Current World Population 10,000,000.002050, 92000008,000,000.002011,6990887Population (million)6,000,000.004,000,000.00 Dn s ( Triu ngi)2,000,000.000.00 200 0500 1000 1500 2000 2500 -2,000,000.00 Year Ps: d liu t http://www.worldbank.org/
4. 4. Theo mt kt qu nghin cu ca n cho thy nu dn s tng 13 triu ngi th x hi phi tng 2,5 triu nh ; 126 nghn trng hc, 372 nghn gio vin, 188 triu mt vi, 12,5 triu tn lng thc thc phm v hn 4 triu vic lm.
5. 5. Lng ThcTrng Trtt trng &Cc vn lin quan
6. 6. t & t Trng t : l phn ca th gii khng b i dngbao ph t trng: l mt lp mng ph ln trn t baogm hn hp nhng cht khong, cht huc, cc sinh vt, khng kh, nc, tt c cng htr cho s tng trng ca cy ci
7. 7. Thnh phn t trng
8. 8. S to t t c to ra t mt s phi hp cc s kin vt l, ha hc, sinh hc tc ng qua thi gian.
9. 9. c tnh t trng Sa cu: quyt nh bi vi th khong trong t Cu trc: cch thc t xp xp Khng kh: s hin din ca khong trng m: Lng nc c trong t cy c th sdngm Thnh phn ha hc
10. 10. Sa cu t Ph hp chotrng cc loi cy
11. 11. Khng kh
12. 12. Hu sinh
13. 13. Trc din t trng
14. 14. Hin trng suy gim cht lng ti nguyn t
15. 15. Hin trng t nng nghip trn gii 70 Phn trm t ai thch hp cho nngnghip 60 t trngngt nctrt(%) C(%)Ton th gii 5011 26 Chu Phi 6.3 28.8 Ai Cp 2.85 40Ethiopia12.7 40.7 Kenya7.9 37.4 30 Phi Nam 10.8 66.6Bc M 13 16.8 t trng trt(%) 20Canada 4.93 Hoa K19.6 25 ng C(%)Nam M 10 6 28.3Argentina9.9 51.90Venezuela 4.420.2Chu 15.225.9 TrungHoa10.330.6NhtBn12 1.7Chu u29.917.1
16. 16. S xm thc trnton th gii
17. 17. 2830 Mt rngNguyn KTQM rng Chn th gia sc Nhn7 Canh tc NN khng hp l 35 T l Mt s nguyn nhn suy gim t trn TG
18. 18. Vit Nam 33.168.855 ha , Xp th 59/200 Theo L Vn Khoa- t bng c khong >7 triu ha, t dc >25 triuha.- >50% din tch t ng bng v gn 70% dintch t i ni l t c vn , t xu v c ph nhiu thp+ trong t bc mu gn 3 triu ha, t tr si 5,76 triu ha, t mn 0,91 triu ha, t dctrn 25o gn 12,4 triu ha.
19. 19. NguynRa tri bc mu do mt Nhn rng, ma ln, canh tckhng hp l, chn th qumc Xi>60% lnh th Vit Nam chu Mnnh hng ca xi mn timnng mc >50tn/ha/nm Chua haMt s.......nguynMn Phn nhn Ha ha khc
20. 20. CC LOI T TRNG VIT NAM Bng hin trng s dng t tng th Vit Nam tnh n thi im 1-1-2007 (nghn ha)Loi t Tng din tch t giao/ cho thuS lng ha T l (%)C nc33 121,2 23 763,877,75t nng lm nghip24 696,021 21262,7 86,10t sn xut cng nghip9 436,29 319,498,76t trng cy hng nm 6 3348,26 254,298,52t trng la 4 130,94 107,499,43t ng c chn nui53,4 27,250,94t trng cy hng nm khc 2 163,82 119,697,96t trng cy lu nm3 088 3 065,199,26t lm nhip14 514,211 210 77,23Rng sn xut 5 672,54 735,983,49Rng phng h 6 766,34 648,867,71Rng c dng 2 075,51 825,487,95t nui trng thy sn715,1704,3 98,49t lm mui 14,1 13,293,62t nng nghip khc 16,5 15,895,76t phi nng nhip3 309,1 1 3909,542,02
21. 21. t mn th trn ni cao Trn cc dy ni cao, tiu biu l nh Phanxipng , dy Hong Lin Sn Hm lng hu c t mt >10% Cy x lnh, a mNhm t mn vng trn ni cao 900-2000m a hnh cao, dc t ngho dinh dng Nng lm kt hp, trng cy n qu n i vdc liu
22. 22. Nhm t vng - feralt cao 25-900m Din tch rng ln nht C nhiu loi, phn b ri rckhp c nc Thch hp nhiu loi cy trngn i v dc liu Phu din t vng
23. 23. t nu trn badan Phn b ch yu TyNguyn C nhiu cht dinh dng Ph hp cy cng nghip Hnh 17.6. Hnh thi t nu trn bazan (Ngun: Cc loi t chnh VitNam- Vin Th nhng - Nng ho)
24. 24. Nhm t xm bc mu t ph sa trung tnh, t chua Gip ranh ng bng v min ni Thnh phn c gii nh, ngho dinh dng v ang c ci thin ng kNhm t ph sa Do s bi t cc con sngX Vn Ch yu c dng sn xut cyTo, huynth x CaoThng lng thc v thc phmLnh tnhTn, tnh ng ThpH Ty
25. 25. t mn ng bng ven bin Cc loi cy ngp mn v nui trng thy sn t mn s, vt, ct mnnhiu
26. 26. Nhm t phn C vng ng bng sng Cu Long Hnh thnh trn cc sn phm bi t phsa vi vt liu sinh phn cao qu cao Cy trng cha t nng sutt phn tim tng t phn hot ng
27. 27. Nhm t ct bin Dc vng bin min Trung Da chim a s cy trng t cn ct trng vng t cn ct t ct bin
28. 28. PHN B CC LOI CY TRNG CHNH Vng trungTiu vngVng ng bng du min ni trung du minsng Hng Bc Bni Ty BcLa (la - La l cync, latrng chnh La ncnng), sn, c - Ch t g gh Cc loi rauh v lc l nhiu thng Cy n qu c trng cy thc ngun gc nnhng cyphmtrng ch lc i - Cy n qu nca vng i -Cy lm nghip
29. 29. La nng Rung bc thangCh Trng lc Yn Bnh
30. 30. Vng duyn Cy hng nmhi Bc Trung Cy n qu B Cy lng thc thc phm Vng duyn Mt s loi cy cng nghiphi Hoa muNamTrung B Mt vi cy n qu c sn Vng Ty Cy cng nghip lu nmNguyn Cy lm nghip Rau v cy n qu n i Lt
31. 31. Rau Lt
32. 32. Vng Vng ng bng ng Nam sng CuB Long- Cy cng nghip- La nc- Cy n qu nhit i - Cy n qu
33. 33. ng
34. 34. Mt nghin cu ca t chc nng nghip cho thy rng30-40% t nng nghip trn th gii ang b suy thoinghim trng.Trn th i, 70% ng hoang + 40% t trng trt nhvo nc ma va 30% t c dn thy ang b suythoi ( n i nguyn th i 2000).Cn li qu t t trng trt nin p canh c o v t ng.
35. 35. c Canh tc vng quanhi c thangy
36. 36. ng quanhy a theongng c i c ( c nhe).c n ttng ng g nhong c iu c. c ch : nht i p gi khngcyt trn ong, c m o tc u hn. m i ng 50% s xmc , m tngnng t.
37. 37. Canh c theo iu gieoyi ng nhngy.u.
38. 38. Canh c c thang ng t ng khng cc b ng c iuc.c p ngng ng t c. c ch : gic im m tu s xmc. Phng p nm
39. 39. ng cy ng cyngnh su trn ngt c chocny iy raing t.c ch : gi c, nh xm c.
40. 40. n n gionh..
41. 41. c phng pm t ng. mn ing t
42. 42. mt thng ng S ng nng c an t, gieong vatr.t c y,a 1-3 nc khi gieo ng
43. 43. m to nm t phu ra : y i t t ngayc khigiep ng.m t theo i y i trn ng i p gieo t, n t n i gi nguyn.m t o ng : itng a ac ng hoau , c ba a c ng. Khng m t : ngy t t ng.
44. 44. t n am tonc ba a c i m tmcim, in gieo ngc ba m m st hi c va c ng u a tan trong c ng suc ba ni tru ngu ch nh
45. 45. Kt Lun t v t trng khng ging nhau S suy gim t trn th gii vVit Nam ang l ch nng hi. Cn s dng hp l ngun tinguyn t
46. 46. oTi liu ting vitEldon D.Enger + Bradley F.Smithc ),ng , 2010.t Vit Nam. Hi khoa hc t. NXBNN 2000.L Huy B. Sinh thi mi trng t, NXB H Quc gia tp H Ch Minh, 2007.L Thi Bt, 2000. Phong ha v qu trnh hnh thnh t, t Vit Nam, Nxb Nng nghip H Ni, 2000.Nguyn T Sim v Thi Phin. t i ni Vit Nam - Thoi ho v phc hi. NXBNN. 1999.Ti liu onlinehttp://www.worldbank.org/http://www.gso.gov.vn/http://www.monre.gov.vn/http://vi.wikipedia.org/http://www.customs.gov.vn/
47. 47. Cm n Thy v cc bn ch theo di !