undoing reconstruction apush - spiconardi. sharecropping & tenant farming landowners rented land...
TRANSCRIPT
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UNDOING RECONSTRUCTIONAPUSH - Spiconardi
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Sharecropping & Tenant Farming• Landowners rented land to
farmers who usually supplied them with farming tools and a crude house, farmers grew crops for landowners and kept a small percentage, often not enough to sell.• Farmers often lived in poverty
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Sharecropping
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“My boy, we’ve toiled and taken care of you long enough – now you’ve got to work”
Harper’s Weekly, July 29, 1865
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Overthrow of Reconstruction• Much of the South opposed
Reconstruction and the new state governments• Declared the governments to be• Corrupt• Examples of “black supremacy”• Tax heavy
• In order to restore white supremacy, southerners turned to violence
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Ku Klux Klan• A terrorist organization
founded in Tennessee in 1866• Served as the military arm of the
Southern Democratic Party
• Committed acts of violence and terror against• Blacks• White Republicans (judges,
teachers, politicians)
• In 1873, the Klan attacked Colfax, LA with a small cannon
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Ku Klux Klan• Grant dispatches federal
marshals to arrest members of the KKK• Many were put on trial• By 1872, the Klan ceased to
exist (until 1920s)
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1865 1874
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Waning Northern Interest in Reconstruction
• Reasons• Media depictions of southern governments being a mass
of “black barbarianism” and corruption • Panic of 1873• North too worried about economic problems to care about the
South
• Democratic gains in Congress• Democrats took control of the House in 1874
• Supreme Court Rulings• Slaughterhouse Case (1873)• Court ruled that most of the rights of citizens remained under state
jurisdiction
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Bargain of 1877• Republican controlled
Florida, South Carolina, and Louisiana claimed voter fraud and voter intimidation• Declared these three
states electoral votes go to Republican Rutherford B. Hayes
• Redeemer Democrats submitted their own electoral votes for Samuel J. Tilden
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Bargain of 1877• The Constitution did not
provide guidelines for this situation
• An electoral commission worked out a deal in which Hayes would be president under the following conditions:• A democrat would be appointed to
the cabinet• Federal aid would be given to Texas
to build a railroad• Republicans would not interfere in
the South’s local affairs• Most Union troops would be
removed
• The “Solid South” was restored
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