understanding soil formation. parent materials classified by the way they were moved and scattered
DESCRIPTION
Parent Materials Moved by glaciers Loess - occurred from blowing of soil after glaciers melted and dried Most Desirable Outwash - occurs during melting; larger items deposited first, smaller items deposited last Glacial Till - No layers Can contain pebbles to bouldersTRANSCRIPT
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Understanding Soil Formation
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Parent Materials
•Classified by the way they were moved and scattered.
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Parent Materials•Moved by glaciers•Loess - occurred from blowing of soil after
glaciers melted and dried•Most Desirable
•Outwash - occurs during melting; larger items deposited first, smaller items deposited last
•Glacial Till - No layers•Can contain pebbles to boulders
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Parent Materials
•Deposited by flooding streams and rivers•Alluvium -
Bottomlands and flood planes
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Parent Materials•Bedrock - Shale,
Sandstone, or Limestone •Organic Matter - Usually
swamp vegetation that has accumulated•Known as Peat and
Muck (muck is more decomposed than peat)
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Topography•Steepness(degree),
length, shape, direction•Nearly level soils are
generally poorly drained
•Moderate to steep slopes are generally well drained
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Time / Weathering•Physical Weathering•Temperature, Water, Wind, •Freeze/Thaw
•Chemical Weathering•Rainwater is mildly acidic•Oxidation
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Climate•Rainfall - slowly by surely erodes•Wind wears away at rock•Hot Summer/cold Winter -
Freeze/Thaw•Humid area - more leaching than
dry areas
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Organisms•Plants, Insects, Organisms
•Greatest affect on soil formation is the plants that once grew in it•Native Vegetation
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•Example: common native vegetation in the Midwest.•Tall Prairie Grass•Prairie Soils
•Deciduous-hardwood forests•Timber Forests
•How is the Midwest different from Northern Utah?
Organisms