Underground Water Development in the Desert

EGYPT

2015

Yeung Nam UniversityCheongBo FTKCNB Resources

D&SBering

1. Development of Confined Water

A. Specifications 1. Finding Probability: 100% - 3 Dimensional Distribution of Ground Water - Shape, Position, Diameter and Depth of Water-containing Fractured Zone 2. Accuracy (Space Resolution): less than 0.5m 3. Minimum Number of Drilling Hole 4. Low Cost

B. Applications 1. Pipe Water 2. Bottled Water 3. Industrial and Agricultural Water 4. Resort (Golf, Water Park, Hot Spring, etc.)

C. Procedure of Water Development

(1) Surveying Methods 1. 1st Step: Surveying the ground water distribution Electrical Survey by the CT and Progressive Scanning (PCT, 2015) 2. 2nd Step: Surveying the Shape of Water Tank Electrical Survey by the Progressive Scanning (Korean Patent, 2015) 3. 3rd Step: Drilling-Point Determination Water-Containing Fractured Zone by the Accurate Magnetic Surveying Drilling Point: within 0.5x0.5m2 (Korean Patent, 2015)

(2) Well Developing Process 1. Ground Water Surveying (15-45 days) 2. Drilling (out-sourcing: <15 days) 3. Build-up the Well (2 days) 4. Test for Pumping-out Quantity & Water Quality (7 days)

2. References

Surveyed Results at the Hansung Country Club, Suwon city, Korea

Determine (1) Position of underground water tank(2) Shape, size, depth of the tank(3) Shape of the water-containing fractured zone(4) Drilling Process

Fractured Zone Water Reservoir

Fractured Zone

Location : -80~500 m

(1) Electrical Survey by the CT and Progressive Scanning (same as the theory of f-MRI in medicine)

Blue-low resistivityRed-high resistivity

Color Code

(2) Water-Containing Fractured Zone by the Accurate Magnetic Surveying Method

CT&

Progressive Scanning

AccurateMagneticSurvey

1. Acquired Data 24 kind of data 10 data/second 240 data/second for 1 hour: 60x60x240 = 864,000 data

2. Magnetic sensors in this system data aquisition time: < 0.1 m sec semiconductor GMR sensor 6 sensors: differential operating mode

Magnetic Specifications

center

24

1

Measuring Line

3. Practices

Hansung Golf Course, Suwon, Korea. 2014

7 17 8 18

20m

17 7 18 8

(1)Same

Position

position

Depth(m)

Blue-low resistivityRed-high resistivity

Color Code

17 7

Electrode(position)

6-8 11 14

Strength 1 2 3

Depth 100-200

100-140

60-130

(2)Inlet of

Reservoir Depth(m)

position

7 17

Blue-low resistivityRed-high resistivity

Color Code

7 178 1814

0404-1-1-3-4017 7818 0404-1-2-4-40

20m

(3) Confined

Water?

Blue-low resistivityRed-high resistivity

Color Code

18

8

position

Depth(m)

(4) Casing

& Grouting

8

Casing

Grouting

WaterPump

If Salty

(5) Capacity

ofReservoir Assumption:

capacity - 1,000 metric tons permeability: 0.1% homogeneous distribution of void, crack and vacant site reservoir shape: sphere

Volume of reservoir: 1,000 cubic meters / 0.1% = 106 cubic metersRadius of cube: R(4/3) (phi) cubic R = 106

R = 62.5 (m)

If cube: L = 100m

If 1,000 ton-sphere and 0.01% permeability,L = 135m.

(6)Hole Size

AndPump Power

Renewable Well – Monsoon region Nearby the River & LakeNonrenewable Well - Desert

A. Renewable Aquifer

Daily Supplying Capacity - depends on the daily supplying rate.

inlet areanumber of inlet

reservoir volume

the volume of fracture zone

Hole Size &

Pump Power

Depth of wellDaily supplying capacity (Tons/Day)

ElectricityPower Generator

Ground Surface

Reservoir

Inlet

Nonrenewable Well - Desert

B. Nonrenewable Aquifer

The Reservoir Volume

Hole Size &

Pump Power

Depth of WellDaily Supplying Capacity (Tons/Day)Operation Period (Well Life Time)

Total Supplying CapacityWater Quantity

fixed

volume of fracture zonepermeability

Ground Surface

Reservoir

NoInlet

(7)Member of

Drilling Team

1. Drill : operator/assistant2. Water tank: driver3. Compressor: operator4. Rod supplier-9m: driver5. Wasted water drain control6. Operating Guard-check the drill balancing

(8)Recharging Rate of Renewable Aquifer

Flux Density J

J = -D c

D – diffusitivityc – water concentration c – concentration gradient

Total Refilling Quantity

Q = J A H

J: flux density, H: refilling time A: area,

Recharging Rate of Renewable Aquifer

Area A

A = k ( / 2) R D

R – inlet distanceD- depth of the wellS= ( / 2) : solid angleK - constant

Diffusivity D(1)Kind of path (defects) joints, misfits, fracture, permeability(2) Path concentration geological structure materials defects stackings, etc

Semi Renewable AquiferNILERIVER

Nile River: Solid Angle S1 =

General source : S2 =

S1 << S2

QQ Analysis

After Drilling:Quantity Analysis for 3 days Recharging Rate water pump/ pipe Design

(9)Quantity/Quality Analysis

Quantity/Quality Analysis of water (QQ Analysis)

A. Duty 1. Check the QQ of intermediate layered water 2. Check the QQ of the main aquifer 3. Make the Design Source of water well: pump specification & location pipe specification

B. Member of QQ Team quarter of NDT (no of drilling team) 2 time of NWDT(no of well develop team)

Total Number of QQ Team: half of NDT

Thank You.