Osteoporosis Related Osteoporosis Related Behaviors Among Middle-Behaviors Among Middle-Aged Women Two Years Aged Women Two Years

Following an InterventionFollowing an Intervention

Chelsea A. HewittChelsea A. Hewitt

Department of Health ScienceDepartment of Health Science

AbstractAbstract

The purpose of this study was to examine The purpose of this study was to examine osteoporosis behaviors of middle-aged women after osteoporosis behaviors of middle-aged women after two years from intervention participation. The group two years from intervention participation. The group studied (n=30) had bone density readings in the low studied (n=30) had bone density readings in the low normal range. The women were first screened for normal range. The women were first screened for osteoporosis, then they were offered educational osteoporosis, then they were offered educational classes, and last they were sent a survey two years classes, and last they were sent a survey two years later to follow-up on behavior changes. The results later to follow-up on behavior changes. The results of the survey confirmed that the women’s alcohol of the survey confirmed that the women’s alcohol and caffeine intake did not exceed and caffeine intake did not exceed recommendations; they met dairy intake recommendations; they met dairy intake recommendations; most of the women with low recommendations; most of the women with low dairy intake consumed calcium supplements, and dairy intake consumed calcium supplements, and over half of the women consumed a multivitamin.over half of the women consumed a multivitamin.

OsteoporosisOsteoporosis

Is fragile bone diseaseIs fragile bone disease Is skeletal failure Is skeletal failure Is the “silent thief”Is the “silent thief” Causes 1.5 million fractures/yr Causes 1.5 million fractures/yr Affects more than 20 million US womenAffects more than 20 million US women 1 in 2 women and 1 in 8 men over age 50 1 in 2 women and 1 in 8 men over age 50

will suffer an osteoporotic fracture.will suffer an osteoporotic fracture. Results in excessive morbidity, crippling, Results in excessive morbidity, crippling,

disfigurement, suffering and dependencydisfigurement, suffering and dependency Costs $17 billion/yearCosts $17 billion/year

Every 20 seconds osteoporosis Every 20 seconds osteoporosis causes a fracture.causes a fracture.

71% of people with osteoporosis 71% of people with osteoporosis are undiagnosed. are undiagnosed.

PurposePurpose

To examine osteoporosis-related To examine osteoporosis-related behaviors of middle-aged women behaviors of middle-aged women two years after participation in an two years after participation in an osteoporosis education program.osteoporosis education program.

MethodsMethods

Participants (n=30)Participants (n=30) Participated in a theory-Participated in a theory-

based osteoporosis based osteoporosis prevention programprevention program

Surveys to assess Surveys to assess knowledge, attitudes knowledge, attitudes and behaviors were and behaviors were administered following administered following the program and at the program and at follow up two years follow up two years later.later.

MethodsMethods

To assess behaviors, the To assess behaviors, the Osteoporosis Preventing Osteoporosis Preventing Behaviors SurveyBehaviors Survey developed by developed by Doheny and Sedlak was Doheny and Sedlak was administered.administered.

Theory-Based Theory-Based Osteoporosis Prevention Osteoporosis Prevention

Program Program

E duca tiona l C lasses S creen ing Ind ividua l C onsu lta tionand R eferra l

Program Com ponents

MethodsMethods

Design: Cross sectionalDesign: Cross sectional Two years following an Two years following an

intervention, osteoporosis-related intervention, osteoporosis-related behaviors were examined.behaviors were examined.

The selected women had bone The selected women had bone density readings in the low density readings in the low normal range (t-scores=-0.09 to normal range (t-scores=-0.09 to 0.0)0.0)

Behavior scores at 2 year follow Behavior scores at 2 year follow upup

BehaviorBehavior Mean valueMean value

Carbonated Carbonated BeveragesBeverages

.33 drinks/week.33 drinks/week

CoffeeCoffee 1.3 drinks/week1.3 drinks/week

Dairy Intake TotalDairy Intake Total 12.9 products/week12.9 products/week

SmokingSmoking 00

LiquorLiquor .23 drinks/week.23 drinks/week

WineWine 2.4 drinks/week2.4 drinks/week

BeerBeer .76 drinks/week.76 drinks/week

Hormone Hormone ReplacementReplacement

.2.2

Calcium Calcium SupplementsSupplements

.7.7

Multiple VitaminMultiple Vitamin .6.6

Calcium TTM stageCalcium TTM stage 44

Weight Bearing TTMWeight Bearing TTM 3.73.7

Moderation = 1 drink or less a day for healthy women. Source USDA

Dairy recommendations = 3 servings/day Source USDA

Caffeine intake did not exceeded daily recommendations

No women were taking Fosamax

1-No, and I do not intend to in the next 6 months.2-No, but I intend to in the next 6 months.3-No, but I intend to in the next 30 days.

4-Yes, I have been, but for less than 6 months.5-Yes, I have been for more than 6 months.

Do you get 1200-1500

mg of calcium

everyday through some combination of food and

calcium supplements?

1-No, and I do not intend to in the next 6 months.2-No, but I intend to in the next 6 months.3-No, but I intend to in the next 30 days.

4-Yes, I have been, but for less than 6 months.5-Yes, I have been for more than 6 months.

ConclusionsConclusions

The women of the study consumed The women of the study consumed adequate amounts of calcium, whether it be adequate amounts of calcium, whether it be through dairy consumption or supplements. through dairy consumption or supplements.

Caffeine and alcohol intake did not Caffeine and alcohol intake did not exceeded daily recommendations.exceeded daily recommendations.

Majority of the participants have been Majority of the participants have been engaging in weight bearing exercise for engaging in weight bearing exercise for more than 6 months.more than 6 months.

Majority of the participants have been Majority of the participants have been consuming the recommended 1200-1500 consuming the recommended 1200-1500 mg of calcium for more than 6 months.mg of calcium for more than 6 months.

ConclusionConclusion

Theory-based educational Theory-based educational interventions may be effective in interventions may be effective in

assisting women to practice assisting women to practice osteoprotective lifestyle behaviors osteoprotective lifestyle behaviors both in the short and long term.both in the short and long term.