DCH T HC DINH DNG

DCH T HC DINH DNGTRNH TH HONG OANHMc tiuTrnh by c trng ca DTH DD trong qu kh v ng iPhn tch nhng ng dng, im mnh, yu v kh khn khi tin hnh cc nghin cu DTH DD: thit k, o lng, phn tch v l gii kt qu.

DTH DD l g?Khi nim DTH p dng cho ngnh dinh dngNghin cu v khu phn n nh hng n s xut hin ca bnh v t vongy l mt ngnh tng i mi vi khong >200 nm nghin cu v cc cht dinh dng c bn ca c th

S lc lch sT thi Hippocrates (460-377BC): If we could give every individual the right amount of nourishment and exercise, not too little and not too much, we would have found the safest way to health.Thuyn trng James Lind (1747), tin hnh th nghim lm sng sm nht v tm ra cch tr bnh Scurvy vi rau ci ti v c bit vi cam v chanh.

Bnh Beriberi (B1): cui th k 19, bnh xy ra nhng thy th sng bng go c ch xt k v Takaki a ra gi thuyt c th l do ch n thiu yu t no , v b sung sa cng rau trong khu phn loi b c bnh hu hiu (William, 1961). Mt thp nin sau, thiu B1 c xc nh gy ra bnh ny (Davidson, Passmore v Brock, 1973) Bnh Pellagra (B3, PP): Golbeger (1915) dng phng php dch t xc nh bnh l do thiu cht dinh dng thng xy ra ngi ch n ch yu l bp pha nam Hoa k. 8Nhng vn dinh dng trong qu khCc hi chng thiu cht dinh dng c c trng: (thiu protein nng lng, Bu c, TMTS)Xy ra ph bin khi lng n vo cht thp.Thi gian bnh ngn biu hin trong vng vi thng sau khi n khng cht v tr khi trong vng vi ngy n vi tun. Cc nghin cu chuyn nhanh t quan st sang can thip thc nghim trn ngi v ng vt.DTH Dinh dng ng ia phn l vn dinh dng ca x hi phng ty:Bnh tim mchUng thLong xngt quTiu ngD dng bm sinh

Ti sao nghin cu cc bnh lin quan dinh dng ng i rt kh?c trngNhiu nguyn nhnCh n, gien, ngh, tm l v yu t nhim trng; mc vn ng th lc, c trng hnh vi Thi gian bnh diTip xc tch ly nhiu nm, hay phi nhim rt ngn xy ra nhiu nm trc khi c chn onXy ra vi tn sut tng i thp Mc d nguy c tch ly c i Tnh trng bnh khng d chuyn iC th gy ra do n qu nhiu hoc thiu n mt cht no trong ch n

Nhng yu t nh hng n s bin thin ch n?Tui, gii tnh, vn ha, kinh tNgy trong tunMa, thc phm sn cThi k bnh, thai kKin thc, quan tm, nhn thc v tm quan trng dinh dng, thc phm......

VD: bin thin lng vitamin A trong ch n ca 3 ngi ph n theo ngy trong thng v percentiles

S bin thin theo ma ca tiu th rau xanh, qu chn v lng vitamin A huyt thanh Bangladesh

Ch n phc tp t ra nhng th thch cha tng c i vi DTH DD:

Ch n l mt phc hp nhiu yu t phi nhim tng tc vi nhau rt mnh ch khng ch l c mt hay vng mt cht .Nhng bin lin tc thng bin thin trong mt khong kh gii hnCc c th t khi c s bin i r rng trong ch n ti mt thi im xc nh; Cch n ung thng gi qua nhiu nmCc c th thng khng bit thnh phn trong thc phm mnh n tiu th cc cht dinh dng thng c xc nh gin tip da vo vic s dng thc phm c bo co hoc da vo mc o lng cc ch s sinh ha.Phng php o lng khu phn nGhi nht k (food record method)Nh li ch n 24 gi qua (24-hour dietary recall method)

Bn cu hi tn sut thc phm (Food frequency questionnaire FFQ)Tin s n ung (diet histories)

cn bit tnh tin cy v gi tr ca tng phng php o lng

Tnh tin cy & gi tr ca cng c thu thp thng tin(Reliability & validity)

Gii hn ca nghin cu DTH DD- Phng php o lng ch n n gin d p dng thc t o lng cho s lng c th ln thng thiu. Nhng PP nh gi ch n cn phi:Chnh xc mt cch hp lTng i t tn km

- Ch n ca nhng ngi sng cng mt quc gia thng ng nht nn kh tm thy s quan h vi bnh tt.Tip cn dch t hc i vi ch n v bnhKhi nim, gi thuyt, k thut DTH DD rt ra t nhiu ngun: - sinh ha: cung cp TT chc nng mt s dinh dng c vai tr antioxydants bo v t bo, chng ung th - PP cy t bo: gip xc nh nhng hp cht, tin vitamin A iu phi s tng trng v bit ha ca t bo nn nh hng ung th ngi. - Phng th nghim ng vt: nh hng ca khu phn n ln s xut hin ca bnh v c ch tc ng. - Nhng nghin cu sinh ha, chuyn ha trn ngi, cung cp thng tin nh hng sinh l ca cc thnh phn khu phn.CC THIT K NGHIN CUQUAN STCAN THIPM TPHN TCHBo Co Ca, hng lot caCt ngang m tNC tng quanBnh-chngon h:-TIN CU- HI CUTh nghim lm sngTh nghim thc aTh nghim Can thip cng ngCt ngang phn tch

Tnh Hnh SDD tr di 5 tui theo vng sinh thi 2009Ngun Vin Dinh Dng

Tnh hnh SDD th nh cn v thp ci tr di 5 tui ca Vit nam 2000-2013(Ngun: Website Vin Dinh Dng Trung ng)M t ct ngang

T l hin mc bo ph ngi trng thnh Hoa K theo tiu bang, 2011 (Ngun cdc.gov) 15%