un special rapporteur - iran's human rights report - march 2012

8/2/2019 UN Special Rapporteur - Iran's Human Rights Report - March 2012

1/36

GF%?;$??9?;

Lvdoe [bglyx HnvehbÈbefyffeyl xfxxbne

Ogfeio byfd 9

Lvdoe {bglyx xbyvoybnex yloy {fqvb{f ylf Hnvehb`x oyyfeybne

[fsn{y nj ylf Xsfhbo` [ossn{yfv{ ne ylf xbyvoybnenj lvdoe {bglyx be ylf Bxòdbh [fsvk`bh nj B{oe! !!

Xvddo{r

Ylf s{fxfey {fsn{y ylf jb{xy yn kf xvkdbyyfi yn ylf Lvdoe [bglyx Hnvehb` bx

xvkdbyyfi sv{xvoey yn Hnvehb` {fxn`vybne ?:.2 oei hnzf{x ylf lvdoe {bglyx ifzf`nsdfeyx

xbehf ylf hnddfehfdfey nj ylf doeioyf nj ylf Xsfhbo` [ossn{yfv{ ne ? Ovgvxy ;3??% Ylf

Xsfhbo` [ossn{yfv{ f s{fxfeyfi lbx jb{xy beyf{bd {fsn{y yn ylf Gfef{o` Oxxfdk`r ,O.::.879"

be Nhynkf{ ;3??%

Ylf s{fxfey {fsn{y nvy`befx ylf Xsfhbo` [ossn{yfv{x s{nsnxfi dfylnin`ngr oei

lbgl`bglyx ylf {fhfey y{feix be ylf lvdoe {bglyx xbyvoybne be ylf Bxòdbh [fsvk`bh nj B{oe%Wlb`f `bxybeg xndf nj ylf dnxy {fhfey lvdoe {bglyx hnehf{ex ylf Xsfhbo` [ossn{yfv{

jnhvxfx ne xndf nj ylf hoxfx yloy fdf{gfi iv{beg snxy$f`fhybne ve{fxy be ;332% O`ylnvgl

ylf {fsn{y infx eny hnzf{ o`` ylf zbnòybnex nj lvdoe {bglyx be ylf hnvey{r by s{nzbifx o

sbhyv{f nj ylf s{fzob`beg xbyvoybne be yloy {fgo{i% By bx fezbxogfi yloy o evdkf{ nj bdsn{yoey

bxxvfx eny hnzf{fi be ylf s{fxfey {fsn{y wb`` kf oii{fxxfi be ylf Xsfhbo` [ossn{yfv{x jvyv{f

{fsn{yx yn ylf Oxxfdk`r oei ylf Hnvehb`%

! Ylf oeef| yn ylf s{fxfey {fsn{y bx {fs{nivhfi ox {fhfbzfi be ylf òegvogf nj xvkdbxxbnene`r%

!!@oyf xvkdbxxbne%

Vebyfi Eoybnex O.L[H.?2.::

Gfef{o` Oxxfdk`r Ibxy{%1 Gfef{o`: Do{hl ;3?;

N{bgbeo`1 Feg`bxl


2/36

O.L[H.?2.::

;

Hneyfeyx

So{og{oslx Sogf

B% Bey{nivhybne %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% ?: 8

BB% Dfylnin`ngr %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% 7?; 9

BBB% @fgo` bxxvfx %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% ?893 :

O% Hnehf{ex {fgo{ibeg `fgbx`oybne %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% %%%%%%%%%%%%%% ?6?2 :

K% Hosbyo` svebxldfey %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% ;3;; 7

H% J{ff oei job{ f`fhybnex %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% ;8;: 2

I% Oidbebxy{oybne nj avxybhf %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% ;7;2 ?3

F% Ifyfeybne johb`bybfx %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% 83 ??

J% Bdsvebyr%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% 8?93 ??

BZ%

Xbyvoybne nj lvdoe {bglyx %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% 9?:< ?8O% Wndfex {bglyx %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% 9?99 ?8

K% @oknv{ vebnex %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% 9697 ?9

H% Lvdoe {bglyx ifjfeif{x oei s{bxnef{x nj hnexhbfehf %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% 9


3/36

O.L[H.?2.::

8

B% Bey{nivhybne

?% Ylf Bxòdbh [fsvk`bh nj B{oe snxxfxxfx ylf koxbh `fgbxòybzf j{odfwn{m oei ynn`x yn

s{ndnyf {fxsfhy jn{ lvdoe {bglyx% Ylf hnvey{r bx o so{yr yn jbzf nj ylf ebef `fgo``r$kbeibeg

beyf{eoybneo` lvdoe {bglyx y{foybfx oei doer nj ylf {bglyx gvo{oeyffi ylf{fbe o{f fexl{befi

be ylf Hnexybyvybne% Beyf{eoybneo` hnddbydfeyx oei hnexybyvybneo` s{nzbxbnex

enywbylxyoeibeg lnwfzf{ by bx h`fo{ yloy f`fdfeyx nj ylf `fgo` j{odfwn{m yngfylf{ wbyl

bexvjjbhbfey oilf{fehf yn ylf {v`f nj òw h{foyf xrxyfdbh nkxyoh`fx yn ylf Gnzf{edfeyx

okb`byr yn oilf{f yn ylfxf hnddbydfeyx% Ox oe n{bgbeo` dfdkf{ nj ylf Vebyfi Eoybnex

xrxyfd ylf Bxòdbh [fsvk`bh nj B{oe lox oe bdsn{yoey {n`f yn sòr be ylf g`nko` hnddvebyr

kvy ylbx lox vejn{yveoyf`r kfhndf nzf{xloinwfi kr hnej{neyoybne oei yfexbne% Ylf Xsfhbo`

[ossn{yfv{ kf`bfzfx yloy dfoebegjv` hnnsf{oybne wbyl Vebyfi Eoybnex lvdoe {bglyx

dfhloebxdx hnvì lf`s ylf hnvey{r yn `fxxfe snyfeybo` jn{ sn`bybhboybne oe bxxvf oknvy

wlbhl ylf Gnzf{edfey lox {fsfoyfi`r f|s{fxxfi byx iffs hnehf{e%

;% Ifxsbyf ylf xyoyfdfeyx doif kr {fs{fxfeyoybzfx nj ylf Bxòdbh [fsvk`bh nj B{oe

{fgo{ibeg ylf Gnzf{edfeyx beyf{fxy be hnnsf{oybne wbyl Vebyfi Eoybnex lvdoe {bglyxdfhloebxdx oei byx xyoeibeg bezbyoybne yn ylfdoybh xsfhbo` s{nhfiv{fx doeioyf lnìf{x nj

ylf Lvdoe [bglyx Hnvehb` ylf Gnzf{edfey lox eny sf{dbyyfi zbxbyx xbehf ;336%? Ylf

Xsfhbo` [ossn{yfv{ {fg{fyx ylf johy yloy ylf Gnzf{edfey lox eny oii{fxxfi lbx {fqvfxy jn{ o

hnvey{r zbxby bxxvfi ne ?2 Xfsyfdkf{ ;3?? ifxsbyf byx xyoyfi beyfeybne yn bezbyf ywn xsfhbo`

s{nhfiv{fx doeioyf lnìf{x be ;3?;% Ylf Xsfhbo` [ossn{yfv{ hneybevfx yn v{gf ylf B{oeboe

ovyln{bybfx yn gbzf snxbybzf hnexbif{oybne yn lbx {fqvfxy ox wf`` ox ylnxf nj ylf Lvdoe [bgly

Hnvehb` oei ylf Gfef{o` Oxxfdk`r yn o``nw lbx vejfyyf{fi ohhfxx yn ylf hnvey{r yn ho{{r nvy

lbx doeioyf%; Wlb`f ylf Xsfhbo` [ossn{yfv{ wox eny g{oeyfi ohhfxx yn ylf hnvey{r iv{beg

ylf sf{bni veif{ {fzbfw lf jv`jb``fi lbx doeioyf yn ylf kfxy nj lbx okb`byr ne ylf koxbx nj

zn`vdbenvx bejn{doybne hn``fhyfi j{nd o zo{bfyr nj beifsfeifey oei {f`bok`f xnv{hfx% Ylf

Xsfhbo` [ossn{yfv{ {fojjb{dx yloy lf dobeyobefi lbx beifsfeifehf bdso{ybo`byr oei

nkafhybzbyr be wfbglbeg ylf bejn{doybne s{nzbifi yn lbd%

8% Ylf Xsfhbo` [ossn{yfv{ {fg{fyx ylf johy yloy o evdkf{ nj v{gfey ossfo`x doif kr

zo{bnvx ylfdoybh doeioyf lnìf{x ox wf`` ox xfzf{o` anbey hnddvebhoybnex y{oexdbyyfi yn

ylf Gnzf{edfey nj ylf Bxòdbh [fsvk`bh nj B{oe kr ylf Xsfhbo` [ossn{yfv{ yngfylf{ wbyl

nylf{ xsfhbo` s{nhfiv{fx doeioyf lnìf{x o`xn {fdobe veoii{fxxfi% Ylf bexvjjbhbfey

fegogfdfey nj ylf Gnzf{edfey wbyl ylf doeioyf lnìf{x wox lbgl`bglyfi be o ;3?3 xyvir 8

wlbhl hneh`vifi yloy ylf Bxòdbh [fsvk`bh nj B{oe lfì ylf lbglfxy evdkf{ nj sfeibeg zbxbyx

{fqvfxyx nj o`` hnvey{bfx yloy lozf bxxvfi xyoeibeg bezbyoybnex% Ioyo o`xn xvggfxyfi yloy ylf

Bxòdbh [fsvk`bh nj B{oe {fhfbzfi ylf lbglfxy evdkf{ nj hnddvebhoybnex be ylf sf{bni

;339$;33< ,629" oei yloy ;6 sf{ hfey nj ylf o``fgoybnex doif be ylf xobi hnddvebhoybnex

loi kffe wln``r {fafhyfi ?%8 sf{ hfey {fxv`yfi be xyfsx yomfe yn oii{fxx hnehf{ex oei

oss{n|bdoyf`r 69 sf{ hfey nj hnddvebhoybnex y{oexdbyyfi loi {fhfbzfi en {fxsnexf% 9 Ylf

? Ylf òxy zbxby kr o xsfhbo` s{nhfiv{fx doeioyf lnìf{ ioyfx kohm yn ;336 wlfe ylf Xsfhbo`

[ossn{yfv{ ne oifqvoyf lnvxbeg ,Av`r ;336" zbxbyfi ylf hnvey{r% Zbxbyx kr doeioyf lnìf{x s{bn{ yn

;336 beh`vifi ylf Wn{mbeg G{nvs ne O{kby{o{r Ifyfeybne ,Jfk{vo{r ;338" ylf Xsfhbo` [ossn{yfv{ ne

ylf s{ndnybne oei s{nyfhybne nj ylf {bgly yn j{ffind nj nsbebne oei f|s{fxxbne ,Enzfdkf{ ;339" ylf

Xsfhbo` [ossn{yfv{ ne ylf lvdoe {bglyx nj dbg{oeyx ,Jfk{vo{r ;339" oei ylf Xsfhbo` [ossn{yfv{ ne

zbn`fehf ogobexy wndfe ,Jfk{vo{r ;336"%; Gfef{o` Oxxfdk`r {fxn`vybne ::.?76 so{o% ?3%8 Yfi Sbhhnef Hoyo`rxyx jn{ [bglyx1 Ylf Vebqvf Hney{bkvybne nj ylf VEx Beifsfeifey F|sf{yx ne

Lvdoe [bglyx ,Woxlbegyne I%H% K{nnmbegx ;3?3" ss% ;: oei 88%9 Xff ylf jb`f ozobòk`f ne ylf Xsfhbo` S{nhfiv{fx Ioyokoxf nj ylf K{nnmbegx wfkxbyf oy


4/36

O.L[H.?2.::

9

Xsfhbo` [ossn{yfv{ enyfx yloy ylf vewb``begefxx yn s{nzbif ohhfxx yn ylf hnvey{r h{foyfx o

znbi nj bejn{doybne oei ne`r fehnv{ogfx ylf beyf{eoybneo` hnddvebyr yn bdogbef ylf wn{xy

ylf{fkr beyfexbjrbeg ylf jnhvx ne ylf Gnzf{edfeyx lvdoe {bglyx {fhn{i%

9% Ylf Xsfhbo` [ossn{yfv{ wf`hndfx ylf xyoyfdfey doif kr ylf {fs{fxfeyoybzfx nj ylf

Bxòdbh [fsvk`bh nj B{oe iv{beg hnexbif{oybne kr ylf Ylb{i Hnddbyyff nj ylf Gfef{oÒxxfdk`r nj o i{ojy {fxn`vybne ne ylf xbyvoybne nj lvdoe {bglyx be yloy hnvey{r yloy ylf

Xsfhbo` [ossn{yfv{ xlnvì kf gbzfe ybdf oei nssn{yvebyr yn s{fso{f lbx {fsn{yx wbylnvy

f|yf{eo` s{fxxv{f n{ beivhfi s{favibhfx%6 Yn ylbx fei ylf Xsfhbo` [ossn{yfv{ wox mffe yn

ifzf`ns o xvkxyoeybzf ibo`ngvf wbyl ylf ovyln{bybfx oei bx s`foxfi yn lozf oy `foxy kffe

g{oeyfi dffybegx wbyl ylf Sf{doefey Dbxxbnex nj ylf Bxòdbh [fsvk`bh nj B{oe be Efw Rn{m

oei Gfefzo%

6% Be ohhn{ioehf wbyl ylf hnif nj hneivhy jn{ xsfhbo` s{nhfiv{fx doeioyf lnìf{x: ylf

Xsfhbo` [ossn{yfv{ lox jn{wo{ifi ylf s{fxfey {fsn{y yn ylf Bxòdbh [fsvk`bh nj B{oe wlbhl

doif xfzf{o` nkxf{zoybnex% By xyoyfi yloy beyf{ o`bo ylf fxyok`bxldfey nj o hnvey{r doeioyf

wox ylf {fxv`y nj o jòwfi s{nhfxx yloy ylf hnvey{r loi kffe hnnsf{oybeg wbyl ylf Vebyfi

Eoybnex lvdoe {bglyx xrxyfd oei yloy ylf Xsfhbo` [ossn{yfv{ wox fegogfi be s{nsogoeio

kr so{ybhbsoybeg be jn{vdx oei goylf{begx yloy wf{f hneyodbeoyfi kr Wfxyf{e fxsbneogfogfehbfx Qbnebxy f`fdfeyx oei yf{{n{bxy g{nvsx% By o`xn xyoyfi yloy xnv{hfx nj bejn{doybne

xvhl ox {fsn{yx n{ hndsòbeyx òhmfi h{fibkb`byr oei yloy en snxbybzf {fjf{fehf loi kffe

doif yn dffybegx wbyl njjbhbo`x oei {fs{fxfeyoybzfx nj hbzb` xnhbfyr% Ylf Bxòdbh [fsvk`bh

nj B{oe jv{ylf{ xyoyfi yloy dn{f xvkxyoeybzf hnddfeyx wnvì kf jn{ylhndbeg nehf ylfxf

doyyf{x wf{f oii{fxxfi%

:% Ylf Xsfhbo` [ossn{yfv{ wnvì `bmf yn snbey nvy yloy ylf hnnsf{oybne nj ylf Bxòdbh

[fsvk`bh nj B{oe wbyl ylf lvdoe {bglyx dfhloebxdx lox kffe jnvei woeybeg be {fsn{yx nj

ylf Xfh{fyo{r$Gfef{o` Gfef{o` Oxxfdk`r oei Lvdoe [bgly Hnvehb` {fxn`vybnex oei o`xn

be ylf hneh`vibeg nkxf{zoybnex nj ylf Lvdoe [bglyx Hnddbyyff% Ylf Xsfhbo` [ossn{yfv{

lbgl`bglyx ylf johy yloy lf ifh`befi yn so{ybhbsoyf be oer jn{vdx n{ svk`bh goylf{begx f|hfsy

jn{ Vebyfi Eoybnex s{fxx hnejf{fehfx oei beibzbivo` beyf{zbfwx wbyl ylf dfibo jn``nwbeg

ylf s{fxfeyoybne nj lbx jb{xy {fsn{y% Ylf Xsfhbo` [ossn{yfv{ kf`bfzfx yloy lbx bejn{doybne bxh{fibk`f oei hn{{nkn{oyfi kr o evdkf{ nj beifsfeifey xnv{hfx% @oxy`r ylf Xsfhbo`

[ossn{yfv{ dfy wbyl ywn ene$gnzf{edfeyo` n{goeboybnex yloy o{f xvssn{ybzf nj ylf

Gnzf{edfey oei doif oifqvoyf {fjf{fehf yn ylfb{ hnehf{ex ,xff so{og{oslx 93 oei 98

kf`nw"%

BB% Dfylnin`ngr

7% Yngfylf{ wbyl lbx s{nsnxfi dfylnin`ngr ylf Xsfhbo` [ossn{yfv{ s{fxfeyfi 6< hoxfx

nj lvdoe {bglyx zbnòybnex be lbx beyf{bd {fsn{y ,O.::.879" yn ylf Gfef{o` Oxxfdk`r ne ?2

Nhynkf{ ;3??% Lf i{fw en xvkxyoeybzf hneh`vxbnex kvy s{fxfeyfi o``fgoybnex xvkdbyyfi yn

lbd ox o sòyjn{d jn{ bebybo` ibo`ngvf oknvy ylf lvdoe {bglyx xbyvoybne be ylf Bxòdbh

[fsvk`bh nj B{oe%


5/36

O.L[H.?2.::

6

beyf{bd {fsn{y n{ yn oizoehf f`fdfeyx nj lbx s{nsnxfi dfylnin`ngr% Ylf Xsfhbo`

[ossn{yfv{ dobeyobex yloy xvkxyoeybzf fegogfdfey oei ohhfxx yn ylf hnvey{r wnvì oii {fo`

zo`vf yn lbx wn{m oei wnvì o``nw ylf Gnzf{edfey yn hnddvebhoyf byx zbfwx ne xsfhbjbh

bxxvfx {obxfi be lbx {fsn{yx% Ylf Xsfhbo` [ossn{yfv{ wb`` hneybevf yn domf o`` fjjn{yx

snxxbk`f yn fehnv{ogf ylf Gnzf{edfey yn hnnsf{oyf wbyl ylf doeioyf lnìf{ oei yn o``nw

lbd ohhfxx yn ylf hnvey{r%

2% Ylf Xsfhbo` [ossn{yfv{ veif{ynnm ywn dbxxbnex jn{ ylf sv{snxfx nj ylf s{fxfey

{fsn{y% J{nd 8 yn 7 Nhynkf{ ;3?? lf y{ozf``fi yn Gfefzo oei dfy wbyl xfzf{o` ene$

gnzf{edfeyo` n{goeboybnex beh`vibeg ywn yloy wf{f xrdsoylfybh yn ylf Gnzf{edfeyx

zbfwx ne xfzf{o` xvkafhyx% Lf o`xn beyf{zbfwfi ?2 beibzbivo`x wln xvkdbyyfi o``fgoybnex nj

lvdoe {bglyx zbnòybnex% J{nd 83 Enzfdkf{ yn < Ifhfdkf{ ;3?? lf y{ozf``fi yn J{oehf

Gf{doer oei Kf`gbvd yn dffy ene$gnzf{edfeyo` n{goeboybnex dfdkf{x nj ylf B{oeboe

iboxsn{o ibs`ndoyx oei beyf{gnzf{edfeyo` n{goeboybnex% Lf o`xn beyf{zbfwfi


6/36

O.L[H.?2.::

:

hnvey{r ylf Gnzf{edfeyx bexvjjbhbfey fejn{hfdfey nj byx hv{{fey nk`bgoybnex bx nj

bddfiboyf hnehf{e%

BBB% @fgo` bxxvfx

?8% Fzf{r hnvey{r sòhfx hf{yobe `bdbyx ne j{ffind nj f|s{fxxbne oxxnhboybne oei

oxxfdk`r kvy by bx fxxfeybo` yloy ylfxf {fxy{bhybnex kf eny dbxvxfi kr ovyln{bybfx yn h`nxf ylf

xsohf jn{ h{bybhbxd n{ oiznhohr nj sn`bhbfx oei ohybnex yloy lozf oe bdsohy ne ylf svk`bh

beyf{fxy% O``fgoybnex nj lvdoe {bglyx zbnòybnex {fsn{yfi yn ylf Xsfhbo` [ossn{yfv{

ifdnexy{oyf yloy o evdkf{ nj zogvf`r ifjbefi xfhv{byr s{nzbxbnex wbylbe ylf Bxòdbh Sfeo`

Hnif o{f oss`bfi be worx yloy hney{ozfef beyf{eoybneo` lvdoe {bglyx òw oei veiv`r `bdby

j{ffind nj f|s{fxxbne oxxnhboybne oei oxxfdk`r% Jn{ f|ods`f o{ybh`fx 6?8 oei 6?9 nj ylf

Hnif h{bdbeo`bf bexv`yx yn oer nj ylf Bxòdbh xoehybybfx n{ ln`r jbgv{fx be Bxòd n{ yn

ylf jb{xy `foif{ nj ylf Bxòdbh [fsvk`bh nj B{oe% O{ybh`f 92< h{bdbeo`bfx ylf fxyok`bxldfey nj

oer g{nvs yloy obdx yn ibx{vsy eoybneo` xfhv{byr wlb`f o{ybh`f 633 jn{kbix s{nsogoeio

ogobexy ylf n{if{ nj ylf Bxòdbh [fsvk`bh nj B{oe n{ s{nsogoeio ne kflo`j nj g{nvsx n{

bexybyvybnex ogobexy ylf n{if{ nj ylf Bxòdbh [fsvk`bh nj B{oe% O{ybh`f :?< h{bdbeo`bfxibx{vsybeg ylf n{if{ hndjn{y oei ho`d nj ylf gfef{o` svk`bh n{ s{fzfeybeg sfns`f j{nd

wn{m% O{ybh`f :?3 s{nlbkbyx goylf{beg n{ hn``vibeg ogobexy ylf indfxybh n{ beyf{eoybneo`

xfhv{byr nj ylf eoybne n{ hnddbyybeg xvhl ohyx%

?9% Ylf Xsfhbo [ossn{yfv{ dobeyobex yloy ylf zogvf eoyv{f nj ylfxf s{nzbxbnex

hney{ozfefx beyf{eoybneo` lvdoe {bglyx bexy{vdfeyx yn wlbhl ylf Bxòdbh [fsvk`bh B{oe bx o

Xyoyf so{yr oei o``nw jn{ o{kby{o{r oss`bhoybne oei ylf okvxf nj snwf{= jn{ f|ods`f ylf

òwx yloy s{nlbkby bexv`yx in eny xsfhbjr ylf kflozbnv{ n{ f|s{fxxbnex yloy hnexybyvyf oe

bexv`y= hnexfqvfey`r beibzbivo`x oei n{goeboybnex yloy h{bybhbf sn`bhbfx lozf kffe o{{fxyfi

oei s{nxfhvyfi jn{ ohybzbybfx yloy o{f s{nyfhyfi kr beyf{eoybneo` òw% O{ybh`fx 92


7/36

O.L[H.?2.::

7

hn`òkn{oybne oei.n{ hneyohy wbyl beyf{eoybneo` n{goeboybnex oei ogfehbfx nj ylf Vebyfi

Eoybnex%

?7% Ohhn{ibeg yn {fsn{yx xvkdbyyfi yn ylf Xsfhbo` [ossn{yfv{ oenylf{ kb`` obdfi oy ylf

{fzbfw oei ibxhbs`bef nj Dfdkf{x nj So{`bodfey wnvì fxyok`bxl o xvsf{zbxn{r hnddbyyff

fdsnwf{fi yn hneh`vif yloy oer xyoyfdfey xsffhl n{ beyf{zbfw hneivhyfi kr o dfdkf{wnvì zbnòyfx ylf Dn{o` Hlo{yf{ nj [fs{fxfeyoybzfx n{ veif{dbef eoybneo` xfhv{byr% Ylf

kb`` wnvì o`xn o``nw jn{ ibxhbs`beo{r ohybne beh`vibeg ylf xvxsfexbne nj xoò{r ylf

xvxsfexbne nj so{`bodfeyo{r hnddbyyff dfdkf{xlbsx ylf bdsnxbybne nj y{ozf` {fxy{bhybnex

oei fzfe ibxdbxxo` j{nd So{`bodfey% Ylf kb`` hney{ozfefx s{nzbxbnex nj ylf Beyf{eoybneo`

Hnzfeoey ne Hbzb` oei Sn`bybho` [bglyx ox wf`` ox o{ybh`fx


8/36

O.L[H.?2.::


9/36

O.L[H.?2.::

2

H% J{ff oei job{ f`fhybnex

;8% O{ybh`f ;6 nj ylf Beyf{eoybneo` Hnzfeoey ne Hbzb` oei Sn`bybho` [bglyx ho``x jn{ j{ff

oei job{ f`fhybnex% Jv{ylf{dn{f ohhn{ibeg yn ylf Hnexybyvybne ylf ojjob{x nj ylf hnvey{r

dvxy kf oidbebxyf{fi ne ylf koxbx nj svk`bh nsbebne f|s{fxxfi kr ylf dfoex nj f`fhybnex

beh`vibeg ylf f`fhybne nj ylf S{fxbifey ylf {fs{fxfeyoybzfx nj ylf Bxòdbh Hnexv`yoybzf

Oxxfdk`r oei ylf dfdkf{x nj hnvehb`x% O jn{df{ Dfdkf{ nj So{`bodfey ,wbxlbeg yn

{fdobe oenerdnvx" hnezfrfi yn ylf Xsfhbo` [ossn{yfv{ lnwfzf{ yloy ylf xhnsf jn{ j{ff

oei job{ f`fhybnex be lbx hnvey{r bx xfzf{f`r veif{dbefi kr ylf Gvo{iboe Hnvehb`x okb`byr yn

xf`fhy hoeibioyfx% Lf xyoyfi yloy ylbx snwf{ bx j{fqvfey`r vxfi yn s{fzfey beibzbivo`x

sf{hfbzfi ox {fjn{dbxy j{nd so{ybhbsoybeg be f`fhybnex oei o`xn xb`fehfx {fs{fxfeyoybzfx wln

jfo{ yloy ibxxfey wnvì bezo`bioyf ylfb{ hoeibiohbfx% Ylf wbyefxxx ohhnvey o`xn ifxh{bkfi

wbifxs{foi j{ovi iv{beg ylf ;33< so{`bodfeyo{r f`fhybnex oei ylf ;332 s{fxbifeybo`

f`fhybne wlbhl ylf wbyefxx oxxf{yfi wox dfoey yn yo{gfy hoeibioyfx iffdfi yn {fs{fxfey o

{fjn{dbxy ogfeio%

;9% Ohhn{ibeg yn ylf wbyefxxx yfxybdner nkxf{zf{x be ylf hbybfx nj Yfl{oe Xlb{o

Yok{b oei Doxloi {fsn{yfi yloy sn``x wf{f xyb`` nsfe oei yloy vehnveyfi ko``nyx {fdobefi

be ylfb{ vensfefi kn|fx wlfe ylf Jo{x efwx ogfehr oeenvehfi ylf f`fhybne {fxv`yx oy 2

s%d% be ylf ;33< f`fhybnex% Ylbx {obxfi wbifxs{foi hnehf{ex oknvy j{ovi oei behbyfi o

evdkf{ nj Dfdkf{x nj So{`bodfey yn s{nyfxy wbyl dfdkf{x nj ylf Dbebxy{r nj ylf Beyf{bn{%

Lnv{x jn``nwbeg ylf s{nyfxy oy dbiebgly ylf Dbebxy{r {fsn{yfi`r bxxvfi o hnddvebqv

xyoybeg yloy en dfibo n{ efwx ogfehr wox o``nwfi yn svk`bxl {fxv`yx veyb` ylf {f`foxf nj byx

njjbhbo` hnvey òyf{ yloy dn{ebeg% Ylf wbyefxx xyoyfi yloy ylf {fxv`yx {f`foxfi kr ylf Dbebxy{r

oy < o%d% yloy ior wf{f bifeybho` yn ylnxf svk`bxlfi kr Jo{x s{bn{ yn ylf znyf hnvey% Ylf

wbyefxx oiifi yloy ifxsbyf ylf johy yloy hoeibioyfx loi yl{ff iorx yn hneyfxy ylf znyf ylf

f`fhybnex wf{f ifhò{fi zo`bi ylf Xvs{fdf @foif{ ne ylf ior ylf {fxv`yx wf{f oeenvehfi

oei hndsòbeyx xvkdbyyfi yn ylf Gvo{iboe Hnvehb` kr hoeibioyfx be ylf fexvbeg iorx wf{f

ibxdbxxfi%

;6% Ylf wbyefxx o`xn h obdfi yloy ylf Gvo{iboe Hnvehb` o`xn bgen{fi {fsn{yx njb{{fgvò{bybfx oei j{ovi xvkdbyyfi kr ylf s{fxbifeybo` hoeibioyf Dflib Mo{{nvkb be ylf iorx

jn``nwbeg ylf ;332 f`fhybne% Ylf wbyefxx {fho``fi yloy ylf jb{xy so{y nj D{ Mo{{nvkbx {fsn{y

ifxh{bkfi b{{fgvò{bybfx s{bn{ yn f`fhybne ior beh`vibeg zo{bnvx so{ybxoe xyoyfdfeyx doif be

xvssn{y nj ylf behvdkfey S{fxbifey kr dfdkf{x nj ylf Gvo{iboe Hnvehb` oei ylf o{dfi

jn{hfx?7 ifxsbyf `fgo` s{nlbkbybnex ne oiznhohr jn{ hoeibioyfx kr Gnzf{edfey njjbhbo`x%

Ylf wbyefxx o`xn dobeyobefi yloy ylf {fsn{y ifxh{bkfi o òhm nj ohhfxx yn sn``beg `nhoybnex

kr nssnxbybne hodsobge {fs{fxfeyoybzfx oxxbgefi yn nkxf{zf ylf znybeg s{nhfxx oei yloy

`bmf be ylf ;33< so{`bodfeyo{r f`fhybne ylf fo{`r oeenvehfdfey nj f`fhybne {fxv`yx s{bn{ yn

ylf h`nxv{f nj sn``beg sòhfx kr Jo{x loi {obxfi hnehf{ex oknvy j{ovi%

;:% Ylf wbyefxx jv{ylf{ hbyfi ylf beyf{{vsybne nj yf`fslnef yf|y dfxxogbeg xf{zbhfx ,ylf

dobe xnv{hf nj hnddvebhoybne nj hodsobgex iv{beg ylf f`fhybne"% Ylf f|hfsybneo` xbf nj

ylf wbeebeg do{gbe eoybnewbif ,fzfe be ylf lndfynwex nj D{ Mo{{nvkb oei D{ Dnvxozb"ylf k{fohlfx nj {v`fx gnzf{ebeg ylf hnejb{doybne nj f`fhybne {fxv`yx ylf f|bxyfehf nj 8

db``bne dn{f znyfx yloe ko``nyx ibxy{bkvyfi oei ylf o{{fxy nj yl{ff Dnvxozb hodsobge

wn{mf{x ,Kfloi Eokozb Dnxyojo Yoaoifl oei Dnlxfe Db{iodoib" oei yl{ff Mo{{nvkb

hodsobge wn{mf{x ,Okin`òl Dndfeb Bxxo Xolo{mlb oei Oldoi Qfbiokoib" yngfylf{ wbyl

infex nj nylf{x ne ?8 oei ?9 Avef {fxsfhybzf`r beibhoyf yloy ylf ovyln{bybfx hnexsb{fi yn

hnddby f`fhyn{o` j{ovi oei yn o`òr xvxsbhbne oei s{nyfxyx%

?7 Xff jn{ f|ods`f ylf xyoyfdfey doif kr ylf Ohybeg Hnddoeif{ be Hlbfj Loxxoe Jb{nvokoib ne ;7

Aoevo{r ;332 oy www%jo{o{v%hnd.zihg|v2q%om2r79s{{o%lyd`%
http://../C/Users/bremont/AppData/Local/Temp/notesEF2D77/www.fararu.com/vdcgxu9q.ak9y74prra.htmlhttp://../C/Users/bremont/AppData/Local/Temp/notesEF2D77/www.fararu.com/vdcgxu9q.ak9y74prra.html


10/36

O.L[H.?2.::

?3

I% Oidbebxy{oybne nj avxybhf

;7% O{ybh`f 8; nj ylf Hnexybyvybne ho``x jn{ ylf bddfiboyf s{fxfeyoybne nj hlo{gfx yn

sf{xnex o{{fxyfi be ohhn{ioehf wbyl byx h{bdbeo` s{nhfiv{fx%?< Ylf {v`fx yloy gnzf{e

h{bdbeo` s{nhfiv{f o`xn s{nlbkby o{kby{o{r ifyfeybne oei {fqvb{f yloy jodb`bfx nj ylf ifyobefi

kf bejn{dfi%?2 Ylf òw gvo{oeyffx ohhfxx yn oei {fs{fxfeyoybne kr `fgo` hnvexf` ;3 oei

s{nlbkbyx yfdsn{o{r ifyfeybne jn{ ene$zbn`fey h{bdfx ve`fxx ylf{f bx j`bgly {bxm%;? Dn{fnzf{

o{ybh`f 8< nj ylf Hnexybyvybne s{nlbkbyx yn{yv{f oei xyoyfx yloy hnejfxxbnex xn`bhbyfi kr

hnf{hbzf ohybnex lozf en zo`bibyr wloyxnfzf{% Jv{ylf{dn{f o{ybh`f ?9 nj ylf Beyf{eoybneo`

Hnzfeoey ne Hbzb` oei Sn`bybho` [bglyx s{nzbifx jn{ ivf s{nhfxx oei job{ y{bo` gvo{oeyffx

beh`vibeg ylf {bgly nj o`` sf{xnex yn o job{ oei svk`bh lfo{beg kr o hndsfyfey beifsfeifey

oei bdso{ybo` y{bkveo` fxyok`bxlfi kr òw% Ylfxf {bglyx o{f o dobexyor nj lvdoe {bglyx

s{nyfhybnex oei xf{zf ox o s{nhfiv{o` dfoex yn xojfgvo{i ylf {v`f nj òw%

;


11/36

O.L[H.?2.::

??

xn`byo{r hnejbefdfey f`fhy{bh xlnhm xfzf{f kfoybegx yl{foyx nj {osf oei yl{foyx yn ifyobe

oei.n{ lo{d j{bfeix oxxnhboyfx oei jodb`r dfdkf{x% Sfns`f wf{f o`xn o``fgfi`r jn{hfi yn

domf ne$hodf{o hnejfxxbnex%

F% Ifyfeybne johb`bybfx

83% O hndsbòybne nj s{bxnef{ beyf{zbfwx svk`bh xyoyfdfeyx oei `fyyf{x xvkdbyyfi yn ylf

Xsfhbo` [ossn{yfv{ oknvy hb{hvdxyoehfx be ebef nj ylf hnvey{rx s{bxnex;; ifxh{bkfi

hneibybnex yloy jo`` wf`` kf`nw ylf dbebdvd xyoeio{ix s{nhòbdfi kr ylf Vebyfi Eoybnex ;8

xvhl ox xfzf{f nzf{h{nwibeg beoifqvoyf ohhfxx yn woyf{ bexvjjbhbfey s{bxnef{ xfg{fgoybne

s{ohybhfx f|y{fdf`r snn{ qvo`byr oei velrgbfebh johb`bybfx loo{invx zfeybòybne

hneibybnex bexvjjbhbfey ohhfxx yn dfibho` xf{zbhfx so`y{r evy{bybneo` s{nzbxbnex oei ylf

sf{sfyvoybne nj zbn`fehf oei vxf nj s{bxnef{x yn johb`byoyf svebxldfey% Ylf Xsfhbo`

[ossn{yfv{ xsnmf wbyl jnv{ ifyobeffx wln loi kffe o{{fxyfi oei ifyobefi oy ylf Mol{bom

Ifyfeybne Hfey{f be ylf iorx jn``nwbeg ylf ;332 s{fxbifeybo` f`fhybne oei wlnxf

yfxybdnebfx hn{{nkn{oyfi doer nj ylf o``fgoybnex hnehf{ebeg s{bxne hneibybnex doif be ylf

ylf s{fxfey {fsn{y%

J% Bdsvebyr

8?% Jn``nwbeg ylf h`nxbeg nj ylf Mol{bom ifyfeybne hfey{f be Av`r ;332 o so{`bodfeyo{r

hnddbyyff oxxbgefi yn bezfxybgoyf o``fgoybnex be Aoevo{r ;3?3 {fsn{yfi`r fxyok`bxlfi ylf

{fxsnexbkb`byr nj ylf jn{df{ S{nxfhvyn{ Gfef{o` nj Yfl{oe Xoffi Dn{yoozb jn{ okvxfx oy

Mol{bom oei hnejb{dfi ylf ifoyl nj yl{ff s{bxnef{x jn``nwbeg kfoybegx oy ylf loeix nj

ylfb{ aob`f{x% Ne 83 Avef ;3?3 ylf avibhbo` n{goeboybne nj ylf B{oeboe O{dfi Jn{hfx

oeenvehfi yloy ?? dfdkf{x nj ylf Mol{bom s{bxne xyojj oei nef hbzb`boe loi kffe beibhyfi

jn{ ylfb{ bezn`zfdfey be ylf oknzf$dfeybnefi h{bdfx% Ylf beibhydfey xvkdbyyfi yn ylf Lfoi

nj ylf Db`byo{r Hnv{yx be Yfl{oe hlo{gfi ylf ifjfeioeyx wbyl xfzf{o` h{bdfx beh`vibeg

iferbeg ifyobeffx ylfb{ hnexybyvybneo` {bglyx oei zbnòybeg ylfb{ hbzb` {bglyx% Nj ylnxfhnezbhyfi ywn wf{f xfeyfehfi yn ifoyl jn{ ylf ifoylx nj Odb{ Aozoibjo{ Dnlxfe

[nnlnòdbeb oei Dnloddoi Mod{oeb oei ebef wf{f xvxsfeifi j{nd xf{zbhf gbzfe jbefx

oei doif yn sor hndsfexoybne oei xfeyfehfi yn j`nggbeg oei bds{bxnedfey% Nef nj ylf

ifjfeioeyx wox ohqvbyyfi%

8;% Doxnni O`boifl Loyfj Xn`yoeb Yolo Qfbeo`b oei o wbyefxx wbxlbeg yn {fdobe

oenerdnvx wln wf{f o`` ifyobefi be Mol{bom ifyfeybne hfey{f jb`fi o òwxvby ogobexy ylf

sn`bhf jn{ okvxf% Yl{ff nj ylf beyf{zbfwffx {fsn{yfi kfbeg {fsfoyfi`r yl{foyfefi oei

zbn`fey`r beybdbioyfi kr Gnzf{edfey njjbhbo`x yn wbyli{ow ylfb{ hòbdx% D{% O`boifl

{fsn{yfi yloy lf wox oyyohmfi oei xyokkfi kr ywn dfe ne ?6 Nhynkf{ ;3?3 `nxbeg lbx

xs`ffe ox o {fxv`y oei xsfhvòyfi yloy ylf behbifey wox hneefhyfi yn lbx òwxvby% D{% Xn`yoeb

xyoyfi yloy lf wox {fsfoyfi`r njjf{fi k{bkfx oei lbx nwe jodb`rx xojfyr wox yl{foyfefi%

Ylf oenerdnvx wbyefxx hòbdfi yloy lf loi kffe xfzf{f`r kfoyfe yn jn{hf lbd yn wbyli{owlbx hndsòbey%

;; Fzbe S{bxne Gnlo{ioxly S{bxne _ff`lfxo{ S{bxne Doxlloix Zomb` Okoi S{bxne _o{hlom S{bxne

Loxxoe Okoi Mln{be S{bxne @omoe S{bxne oei Roi Hfey{o` S{bxne%;8 Jn{ f|ods`f ylf Xyoeio{i Dbebdvd [v`fx jn{ ylf Y{foydfey nj S{bxnef{x oinsyfi kr ylf Fhnendbh

oei Xnhbo` Hnvehb` be byx {fxn`vybnex ::8 H ,\\BZ" oei ;37: ,@\BB" oei ylf Knir nj S{behbs`fx jn{

ylf S{nyfhybne nj O`` Sf{xnex veif{ Oer Jn{d nj Ifyfeybne n{ Bds{bxnedfey oinsyfi kr ylf Gfef{o`

Oxxfdk`r be byx {fxn`vybne 98.?78%


12/36

O.L[H.?2.::

?;

88% Be o anbey xyoyfdfey ylf Beyf{eoybneo` Jfif{oybne jn{ Lvdoe [bglyx oei ylf B{oeboe

@fogvf jn{ ylf Ifjfehf nj Lvdoe [bglyx dobeyobefi yloy ylf hnv{yx bezfxybgoybne wox eny

hnds{flfexbzf oei wox {fdbxx be f|odbebeg ylf ifoyl nj oy `foxy ywn nylf{ ifyobeffx

[odbe Oqooifl$ _ol{fdoeb oei Okkox Efaoyb$Mo{go{ wln ibfi ox o {fxv`y nj yn{yv{f xnne

ojyf{ kfbeg {f`foxfi j{nd ylf ifyfeybne hfey{f%;9O`` nj ylf sòbeybjjx beyf{zbfwfi xyoyfi yloy

o evdkf{ nj lbgl${oembeg njjbhbo`x wlnxf eodfx wf{f doif ozobòk`f yn ylf Xsfhbo`[ossn{yfv{ feanr bdsvebyr jn{ ylfb{ okvxf nj xfzf{o` ifyobeffx oei jn{ ylfb{ hnds`bhbyr be

ylf Mol{bom h{bdfx%

89% Be oe nsfe `fyyf{ yn ylf Xsfhbo` [ossn{yfv{ ylf Dnylf{x nj @o`fl So{m {fqvfxyfi

yloy Xsfhbo` [ossn{yfv{ yn bezfxybgoyf ylf ifoylx nj ylfb{ hlbì{fe Efio Oglo Xn`yoe

Xnl{ok O{okb Oxlmoe Xnl{okb Doxnvi Loxlfd Qoifl Dnxyojo Mo{bd Kfbgb Mboenvxl

Oxo oei O`b Lxoe Snv{iv{beg ylf ;332 f`fhybnex% Yn ioyf ylf Xsfhbo` [ossn{yfv{ lox

ne`r kffe ok`f yn f|odbef nef nj ylfxf hoxfx%

86% Ylf ibxossfo{oehf nj Xnl{ok O{okb iv{beg ylf ;332 f fhybne s{nyfxyx {fhfbzfi

xbgebjbhoey dfibo oyyfeybne% Ylf f|ohy hb{hvdxyoehfx xv{{nveibeg lbx ifoyl o{f xyb`` veh`fo{

oei bebybo` {fsn{yx xvggfxyfi yloy lf dbgly lozf kffe xlny be ylf xy{ffyx iv{beg sfohfjv`

s{nyfxyx oei fbylf{ ibfi òyf{ be lnxsbyo` n{ wlb`f be sn`bhf hvxynir% Ojyf{ ;: iorx njbeyfexbzf xfo{hlbeg oei feqvb{beg wbyl njjbhbo`x ylf jodb`r ibxhnzf{fi yloy D{ O{okbx

knir wox kfbeg lfì kr ylf ovyln{bybfx% Ylf avibhbo{r bebybo``r {fjvxfi yn xlo{f oer

bejn{doybne wbyl ylf jodb`r oei bexbxyfi yloy D{ O{okb wox o`bzf oei wnvì fzfeyvo``r kf

{f`foxfi j{nd s{bxne% Ylf ovyln{bybfx fzfeyvo``r {fyv{efi lbx knir wlbhl loi xfzf{o` kv``fy

wnveix% D{ O{okbx dnylf{ oei nylf{ jodb`r dfdkf{x lozf kffe hnexyoey`r lo{oxxfi oei

yl{foyfefi jn``nwbeg ylfb{ ho`` jn{ oe bezfxybgoybne% Ovyln{bybfx lozf {fsn{yfi`r {obifi lbx

jodb`rx lndf oei hnejbxhoyfi slnynx oei nylf{ kf`negbegx% Jodb`r dfdkf{x oei h`nxf

j{bfeix lozf o`xn kffe s{fzfeyfi j{nd zbxbybeg D{ O{okbx g{ozf xbyf oei o{f {fsn{yfi`r

s{nlbkbyfi j{nd do{mbeg ylf oeebzf{xo{r nj lbx ifoyl% Ylf Gnzf{edfey lox {fsn{yfi`r yomfe

{fxsnexbkb`byr jn{ ylf mb``beg nj D{ O{okb% Be Os{b` ;3?? ylf jodb`r {fsn{yfi`r {fhfbzfi o

zf{ko` njjf{ njibrol ,k`nni dnefr" oei wf{f xvkafhyfi yn hnexbif{ok`f s{fxxv{f yn ohhfsy

ylf njjf{ oei okoeine ylfb{ ho`` jn{ oe bezfxybgoybne% Ylf Xsfhbo` [ossn{yfv{ ho``x ne ylf

Gnzf{edfey yn oxxbxy lbd be nkyobebeg jv{ylf{ bejn{doybne {fgo{ibeg ylbx oei nylf{

vexn`zfi hoxfx {fòybeg yn ylf snxy$f`fhybne s{nyfxyx nj ;332%

8:% Ylf Xsfhbo` [ossn{yfv{ xlo{fx ylf hnehf{e nj ylf Lvdoe [bglyx Hnddbyyff yloy yn

ioyf o jv`` bdso{ybo` oei beifsfeifey bezfxybgoybne beyn o``fgoybnex doif iv{beg oei

jn``nwbeg ylf s{fxbifeybo` f`fhybnex nj ?; Avef ;332 lox xyb`` eny kffe hneivhyfi% Lf o`xn

xlo{fx byx hnehf{e yloy {fxsnexbk`f lbgl$`fzf` njjbhbo`x lozf eny kffe lfì ohhnveyok`f% ;6

[fsn{yx hneyobebeg o``fgoybnex nj fg{fgbnvx lvdoe {bglyx zbnòybnex yloy ynnm sòhf be ylf

iorx oei dneylx jn``nwbeg ylf ;332 s{fxbifeybo` f`fhybnex hneybevf yn fdf{gf

ifdnexy{oybeg yloy k{fohlfx nj ylf {v`f nj òw lozf eny kffe oii{fxxfi oei yloy bdsvebyr

hneybevfx yn s{fzob`%

87% Nef xvhl {fsn{y ifxh{bkfi ylf fzfeyx xv{{nveibeg ylf wbif`r svk`bhbfi {obi nj

Yfl{oe Vebzf{xbyr in{dbyn{bfx obdfi oy ibxsf{xbeg s{nyfxyn{x yloy goylf{fi ne ?8 Avef;332%;: O xyvifey ohybzbxy ,wbxlbeg yn {fdobe oenerdnvx" hòbdfi yloy sòbe$h`nylfi oei

{fgvò{ xfhv{byr jn{hfx wln o{f `fgo``r s{nlbkbyfi j{nd feyf{beg vebzf{xbyr hodsvxfx

;9 [fjwn{ì VELH[ B{oe1 hnezbhybne nj sn`bhf njjbhf{x= bdsvebyr jn{ lbglf{ njjbhbo`x anbey xyoyfdfey

nj JBIL oei @IILB 6 Av`r ;3?3% Ozobòk`f j{nd

www%velh{%n{g.{fjwn{ì.hnvey{rB[E9h6:ohh:;83%lyd`%;6 HHS[.H.B[E.HN.8 so{o% ?6%;: Zbifn jnnyogf nj ylf {obi wox s{fxfeyfi kr KKH Sf{xboe oei bx ozobòk`f j{nd

www%rnvyvkf%hnd.woyhl>z4YqQj3AvQ|aF*jfoyv{f4{fòyfi
http://www.unhcr.org/refworld/country,,,,IRN,,4c56acc623,0.htmlhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TqZf0JuZxjE&feature=relatedhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TqZf0JuZxjE&feature=relatedhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TqZf0JuZxjE&feature=relatedhttp://www.unhcr.org/refworld/country,,,,IRN,,4c56acc623,0.html


13/36

O.L[H.?2.::

?8

{obifi in{dbyn{r kvbìbegx vxbeg xybhmx ioggf{x hlobex dfyo` {nix Dn`nynz hnhmyob`x

yfo{gox wlbyf slnxsln{nvx sf``fyx oei f`fhy{bjbfi koynex% In{dbyn{r {nndx wf{f

zoeio`bfi oei xyvifeyx wf{f kfoyfe% Ylf wbyefxx {fsn{yfi kfbeg yl{nwe ne ylf g{nvei oei

kfoyfe wbyl f`fhy{bjbfi oei {fgvò{ koynex kr ylf sn`bhf oei òyf{ o{{fxyfi oei y{oexjf{{fi

wbyl o g{nvs nj 63 nylf{ xyvifeyx yn Xlosv{ Sn`bhf Xyoybne be hfey{o` Yfl{oe% Ylf xyvifeyx

wf{f o``fgfi`r ifs{bzfi nj jnni oei woyf{ jn{ ;9 lnv{x oei xvkafhyfi yn kfoybegx%

8


14/36

O.L[H.?2.::

?9

nssn{yvebybfx yloy f|bxy be ylf hnvey{r% Ylfr snbeyfi nvy yloy qvnyox loi kffe svy be sòhf yn

`bdby ylf evdkf{ nj wndfe yloy hoe fe{n` be dfibhbef Doxyf{x oei SlI s{ng{oddfx ylvx

ibxh{bdbeoybeg ogobexy wndfe yloy xhn{fi lbglf{ yloe do`fx ne fey{oehf f|odx wlfe

jfdo`f fe{n`dfey lox f|hffifi ylf qvnyo% Jv{ylf{dn{f fbgly vebzf{xbybfx lozf {fsn{yfi`r

bds`fdfeyfi gfeif{ xfg{fgoybne sn`bhbfx ne ylfb{ hodsvxfx xndf nj wlbhl lozf ko{{fi

wndfe j{nd oyyfeibeg j{ff ior hòxxfx jn{hbeg ylfd yn oyyfei fzfebeg hòxxfx wlbhlhlo{gf yvbybne jffx%

98% Ohhn{ibeg yn Jo{x fbgly hlbì{fe wf{f xfzf{f`r kv{efi ,xndf xvjjf{beg `bdk `nxx"

ne 6 Ifhfdkf{ ;33:%83 Ylf Dbebxy{r nj Fivhoybne oei Ifzf`nsdfey wox jnvei gvb`yr nj

efg`bgfehf be ylf hoxf nj ylf jb{f8? kvy ylf `fgo` hnvexf` jn{ ylf hlbì{fe xyoyfi yloy ylf jbeo`

{v`beg j{nd ylf hnv{y o``nhoyfi ywbhf ox dvhl ibrol ,xff so{og{osl 87 oknzf" yn ylf do`f

zbhybdx yloe ylf jfdo`f zbhybdx% Ojyf{ svk`bh nvyh{r oknvy ylf ibxh{bdbeoyn{r nvyhndf

Xyoyf dfibo {fsn{yfi yloy gb{`x wnvì kf sobi oe fqvo` odnvey% 8; Ylf Xsfhbo` [ossn{yfv{

hnddfeix ylf {fhfey ifhbxbne yn nzf{yv{e o hnv{y {v`beg yn sor gb{`x lo`j ylf ibrol o``nyyfi

yn knrx jn{ kv{ex oei beav{bfx xvxyobefi be o xhlnn` jb{f% Lf fehnv{ogfx ylf Gnzf{edfey yn

{foxxfxx o`` òwx yloy ibxh{bdbeoyf ogobexy wndfe oei gb{`x fxsfhbo``r ylnxf yloy sòhf

vefqvo` zo`vf ne ylfb{ `bzfx oei knib`r so{yx%

99% Be o {fsn{y xvkdbyyfi yn ylf Lvdoe [bglyx Hnddbyyff ylf Gnzf{edfey enyfi yloy

fjjn{yx yn fexv{f fqvo` {fs{fxfeyoybne be lbgl Gnzf{edfey njjbhfx xvhl ox jn{ avigf loi

{fxv`yfi be :?9 jfdo`f avigfx kfbeg oss{nzfi%88 Ylf Xsfhbo` [ossn{yfv{ o`xn wbxlfx

lnwfzf{ yn lbgl`bgly nylf{ {fsn{yx ohhn{ibeg yn wlbhl wndfe in eny lnì snxbybnex ox

s{fxbibeg avigfx be hnv{yx nj òw oei yloy ylfr o{f ifs{bzfi nj ylf {bgly yn lnì zo{bnvx

njjbhfx nj ylf Xyoyf% Ylf Xsfhbo` [ossn{yfv{ v{gfx ylf Gnzf{edfey yn domf oe fjjn{y yn

bds{nzf jfdo`f {fs{fxfeyoybne be ifhbxbne$dombeg snxbybnex nj ylf avibhbo` xrxyfd oei be

nylf{ Gnzf{edfey njjbhfx wlf{f ylfr o{f veif{{fs{fxfeyfi%

K% @oknv{ vebnex

96% Ifxsbyf ylf koe ne beifsfeifey vebnex xndf wn{mf{x lozf {fsn{yfi`r jn{dfi xdo``beifsfeifey vebnex jn{ ylf sv{snxf nj oiznhoybeg jn{ wn{mf{x {bglyx = ylfxf beh`vif komf{x

be Mn{ifxyoe xvgo{ wn{mf{x be Mlvfxyoe kvx i{bzf{x oei dfyo` wn{mf{x be Yfl{oe oei

yfohlf{x eoybnewbif%89 Doer nj ylfxf wn{mf{x oei ylfb{ {fs{fxfeyoybzfx lozf o``fgfi`r kffe

lo{oxxfi beybdbioyfi oei o{{fxyfi jn{ ylfb{ ohybzbybfx% Jn{ f|ods`f ovyln{bybfx {fsn{yfi`r

o{{fxyfi dn{f yloe ;33 sfns`f be @o`fl So{m ojyf{ jn{hbk`r ibxsf{xbeg o sfohfjv` {o``r jn{

Beyf{eoybneo` @oknv{ Ior be Dor ;332% O`` o{f kf`bfzfi yn lozf kffe {f`foxfi kr

Xfsyfdkf{ ;332%86

9:% Ne ;9 Nhynkf{ ;3?? ylf Beyf{eoybneo` Y{oexsn{y Wn{mf{x Jfif{oybne f|s{fxxfi byx

hnehf{e jn{ ylf jn{df{ y{foxv{f{ nj o kvx i{bzf{x vebne Ioznni [oozb wln wox

xvddnefi oei ossfo{fi kfjn{f ylf xb|yl k{oehl nj ylf Fzbe s{bxne s{nxfhvyn{x njjbhf ne ;9

Nhynkf{ ;3??% Ylf xvddnex {fòyfi yn o ;33: hoxf bezn`zbeg lbx n{goeboybne x ohhnveyx

oei byx efwx`fyyf{% [fsn{yfi`r D{ [oozb lox kffe enybjbfi yloy ylf hlo{gfx lozf kffei{nssfi% Ylf kvx vebne y{foxv{f{ [fo Xlolok Qomo{bo wox hlo{gfi wbyl ohybeg ogobexy

83 www%jo{xefwx%hnd.efwxyf|y%sls>ee4ee4


15/36

O.L[H.?2.::

?6

eoybneo` xfhv{byr% By wox {fsn{yfi yloy D{ Qomo{bo bx hv{{fey`r owobybeg ylf fei nj lbx y{bo`%

Ylf ifsvyr lfoi nj ylf vebne Fk{olbd Doioib wln wox o`xn o{{fxyfi oei xfeyfehfi yn

yl{ff oei lo`j rfo{ ne hlo{gfx nj ohybeg ogobexy eoybneo` xfhv{byr wox {f`foxfi ne ?

Ifhfdkf{ ;3??%8:

97% Ohhn{ibeg yn Odefxyr Beyf{eoybneo` ylf S{fxbifey nj ylf Lojy Yosfl Y{oif Vebne[fo [omlxloe wox ifyobefi jn{ xb| dneylx oei {f`foxfi ne )?63333 kob` ne ?2 Aoevo{r

;3?3%87 Ylf S{fxbifey nj ylf Vebne nj Wn{mf{x nj ylf Yfl{oe oei Xvkv{kx Kvx Hndsoer

Doexnv{ Nxoe`nn wln wox xf{zbeg o jbzf$rfo{ xfeyfehf ne hlo{gfx nj ohyx ogobexy

eoybneo` xfhv{byr oei s{nsogoeio ogobexy ylf xrxyfd wox yfdsn{o{b`r {f`foxfi ne ; Avef

;3??%8


16/36

O.L[H.?2.::

?:

{fsn{yx o``fgf yloy D{ Kn{nvaf{ibx lfo`yl lox hneybevfi yn ifyf{bn{oyf oei yloy lf lox

bexvjjbhbfey ohhfxx yn dfibho` y{foydfey% Be Enzfdkf{ ;3?? lbx hf``doyf {fsn{yfi`r doif

oe oyyfdsy ne lbx `bjf oe oyyohm o``fgfi`r n{hlfxy{oyfi kr ovyln{bybfx= {fsn{yx dobeyobe yloy

D{ Kn{nvaf{ib {fdobex be ioegf{% Ylf Xsfhbo` [ossn{yfv{ {fbyf{oyfx lbx ho`` jn{ v{gfey

oifqvoyf dfibho` ohhfxx jn{ D{ Kn{nvaf{ib oei jn{ lbx bddfiboyf {f`foxf%

I% Anv{eo`bxyx

6;% Ylf Bxòdbh [fsvk`bh nj B{oe lox ifyobefi dn{f anv{eo`bxyx yloy oer nylf{ hnvey{r be

ylf wn{ì wbyl 9; anv{eo`bxyx hv{{fey`r bds{bxnefi%82 Ohhn{ibeg yn {fsn{yx {fhfbzfi kr ylf

Xsfhbo` [ossn{yfv{ oy `foxy ?63 anv{eo`bxyx lozf j`fi ylf hnvey{r xbehf ylf s{fxbifeybo`

f`fhybne nj ;332 nwbeg yn jfo{ nj {fs{fxxbne oei sf{xfhvybne% Be o `fyyf{ yn ylf Xsfhbo`

[ossn{yfv{ [fsn{yf{x wbylnvy Kn{if{x xyoyfi yloy oss{n|bdoyf`r 63 svk`bhoybnex loi kffe

xvxsfeifi xbehf ylf f`fhybne oei yloy dnxy s{fxx y{bo`x o{f hneivhyfi be s{bzoyf ifxsbyf ylf

johy yloy ylf Hnexybyvybne xybsvòyfx yloy s{fxx y{bo`x dvxy kf avigfi kr o av{r%93 By wox o`xn

{fsn{yfi yloy anv{eo`bxyx o{f j{fqvfey`r ko{{fi j{nd ossfo{beg oy ylfb{ y{bo`x oei o{f njyfe

bejn{dfi nj ylfb{ xfeyfehfx be s{bxne%

68% Be oe beyf{zbfw ywn {fhfey`r ifyobefi anv{eo`bxyx ,wln wbxl yn {fdobe oenerdnvx"

{fsn{yfi beh{foxbeg hfexn{xlbs be ylf hnvey{r% Nef xyoyfi yloy ovyln{bybfx vxfi yn yf`` vx

kfjn{f wloy eny yn w{byf oei enw ylfr o{f yf``beg vx wloy yn w{byf ox wf``% Ylf {fsn{yf{x

hòbdfi yloy ylf Dbebxy{r nj Hv`yv{o` Gvbioehf oei.n{ ylf Eoybneo` Xfhv{byr Hnvehb` njyfe

ib{fhy`r hfexn{fi efwxsosf{x kr yf``beg ylfd wloy bxxvfx yn hnzf{ yl{nvgl dfdnx n{

yf`fslnef ho``x% Nef beyf{zbfwff xyoyfi yloy efwxsosf{ fibyn{x wf{f ho``fi oei yl{foyfefi yn

{fj{obe j{nd w{bybeg oknvy {fjn{dbxy sn`bybhboex oei yloy ylf Njjbhf nj ylf Xvs{fdf @foif{

loi bexy{vhyfi ylf s{fxx yn {fj{obe j{nd {fsn{ybeg ne o``fgoybnex nj wbifxs{foi hn{{vsybne be

ylf hnvey{r% Ylfr {fsn{yfi yloy s{fxx njjbhfx wf{f {obifi oei xfo{hlfi oei fqvbsdfey wox

njyfe hnejbxhoyfi% [fsn{yf{x o{f j{fqvfey`r koeefi j{nd anv{eo`bxd be ylf okxfehf nj hnv{y

{v`begx wlbhl jn{hfx anv{eo`bxyx yn s{ohybhf xf`j$hfexn{xlbs%

69% Dnloddoi [fo Roioesoeol o anv{eo`bxy wln wn{mx jn{ {fjn{dbxy efwxsosf{xoei wfkxbyfx wox o{{fxyfi ne 7 Av`r ;332 jn{ lbx xvssn{y jn{ oei {n`f be snxy$s{fxbifeybo`

f`fhybne s{nyfxyx% Lf wox lfì behnddvebhoin oei xsfey ?< iorx be xn`byo{r hnejbefdfey

oei beyf{{ngoyfi jn{ gbzbeg beyf{zbfwx yn jn{fbge dfibo nvy`fyx fxyok`bxlbeg {fòybnex wbyl

ylf ibs`ndoybh hnddvebyr oei so{ybhbsoybeg be ylf snxy$f`fhybne ve{fxy% Yl{nvglnvy lbx

ifyfeybne D{ Roioesoeol wox yl{foyfefi wbyl {osf oei xvkafhyfi yn y{foydfey odnveybeg

yn yn{yv{f oei yn hf{yobe lvdb`boybeg s{ohybhfx% Lf wox jn{hfi yn xyoei jn{ 9< lnv{x wbylnvy

jnni oei woyf{% Lf wox {f`foxfi ojyf{ snxybeg kob` fqvbzo`fey yn );33333% Ywn wffmx ojyf{

lbx {f`foxf D{ Roioesoeol wox xvddnefi kr ylf Dbebxy{r nj Beyf``bgfehf wlf{f lf wox

o``fgfi`r jn{hfi yn domf o hnejfxxbne%

66% Oenylf{ anv{eo`bxy ,o`xn wbxlbeg yn {fdobe oenerdnvx" {fsn{yfi lozbeg kffe

o{{fxyfi iv{beg ylf snxy$f`fhybne s{nyfxyx be ;332 oei yomfe yn Wo{i ;32 be Fzbe S{bxne%

Ylf anv{eo`bxy ifxh{bkfi ifyfeybne be xn`byo{r hnejbefdfey oei beyf{{ngoybnex kr beibzbivo`xyloy snxxfxxfi {fhn{ibegx njylf anv{eo`bxyx hnezf{xoybnex oei f$dob` hn{{fxsneifehf% Ylf

wbyefxx {fsn{yfi kfbeg k`beijnìfi oei yl{foyfefi wbyl {osf oei xn`byo{r hnejbefdfey

iv{beg beyf{{ngoybnex be n{if{ yn nylf{ jn{hf hnejfxxbne oei hnnsf{oybne% Ylf wbyefxx wox

82 Hnddbyyff yn S{nyfhy Anv{eo`bxyx ;3?? s{bxne xfeyfehf1 ?72 anv{eo`bxyx aob`fi wn{ìwbif ?

Ifhfdkf{ ;3??% Ozobòk`f j{nd www%hsa%n{g.bds{bxnefi.;3??%sls%

93 Ohhn{ibeg yn o{ybh`f ?:


17/36

O.L[H.?2.::

?7

{f`foxfi ne )?33333 kob` ojyf{ o dneyl% Ylf wbyefxx wox xvddnefi ojyf{ ywn dneylx oei

wox jn{do``r hlo{gfi wbyl s{nsogoeio ogobexy ylf xrxyfd%

F% Xyvifeyx

6:% Ylf Xsfhbo` [ossn{yfv{ bx ibxyv{kfi kr {fsn{yx nj zbnòybnex nj xyvifeyx {bglyx yn

j{ffind nj f|s{fxxbne oxxnhboybne oei oxxfdk`r ,xff oeef| xfhybne K"% Lf bx o`xn

hnehf{efi kr {fsn{yx nj xyvifeyx kfbeg ifs{bzfi nj ylfb{ {bgly yn fivhoybne ne ylf koxbx nj

ylfb{ sn`bybho` oei xyvifey ohybzbybfx h{bybho` nj Gnzf{edfey n{ vebzf{xbyr sn`bhbfx% O`b

Eff{b o xyvifey ohybzbxy ifxh{bkfi ylf vxf nj vebzf{xbyr ibxhbs`beo{r hnddbyyffx yn svebxl

xyvifeyx jn{ ylfb{ sn`bybho` ohybzbybfx ne oei njj hodsvx% Lf hòbdfi yloy ibxhbs`beo{r

s{nhfiv{f wox njyfe k{fohlfi oei yloy ylf joyf nj xyvifeyx wox ifhbifi kr f|yf{eo` knibfx%

D{ Eff{b {fsn{yfi yloy lf wox xvddnefi ywbhf kr ylf hnddbyyff oy lbx vebzf{xbyr= nehf

jn{ lbx ohybzbybfx wbyl ylf Bxòdbh Xyvifey Oxxnhboybne oei nehf jn{ s{nyfxybeg ogobexy ylf

vebzf{xbyrx òhm nj xojfyr xyoeio{ix ojyf{ ywn xyvifeyx ibfi be vebzf{xbyr in{dx j{nd

ho{kne dnen|bif snbxnebeg%

67% Ylf Xsfhbo` [ossn{yfv{ {fhfbzfi o evdkf{ nj {fsn{yx {fgo{ibeg ylf o{{fxy nj [nlbeDnloddoib o dfibho` xyvifey oy Doebò Dfibho` Xhlnn` nj ylf Slb`bssbefx ne ?9

Enzfdkf{ ;3?? oy Bdod Mlndfbeb Ob{sn{y be Yfl{oe% Ohhn{ibeg yn xnv{hfx ,wbxlbeg yn

{fdobe oenerdnvx" Dx Dnloddoib wox zbxbybeg jodb`r wlfe o{{fxyfi% Xlf wox

{fsn{yfi`r {f`foxfi ylf jn``nwbeg ior ojyf{ snxybeg kob`% Jn``nwbeg lf{ {f`foxf xfhv{byr

jn{hfx {obifi lf{ joylf{x lndf oei hnejbxhoyfi lf{ sf{xneo` kf`negbegx% Xlf wox {fo{{fxyfi

ne ;8 Enzfdkf{ ;3?? oei yomfe yn Fzbe S{bxne% By bx jfo{fi yloy Dx Dnloddoib dbgly kf

xvkafhyfi yn xn`byo{r hnejbefdfey oei nylf{ jn{dx nj okvxf oei yn{yv{f% Ylf{f lox kffe en

efwx oknvy lf{ xbehf lf{ o{{fxy oei lf{ jodb`r oei ifjfehf hnvexf` lozf kffe ifebfi

zbxbybeg {bglyx%

6


18/36

O.L[H.?2.::

?Bi42226:%98 Be o xyoyfdfey {fsn{yfi kr ylf Xyoyf efwx ogfehr BXEO ne 9 Avef ;3??

,www%bxeo%b{.BXEO.EfwxZbfw%oxs|>BI4Efwx$?7


19/36

O.L[H.?2.::

?2

be fo{`r ;33


20/36

O.L[H.?2.::

;3

:


21/36

O.L[H.?2.::

;?

v{gfx ylf Gnzf{edfey yn o``nw jn{ `fgo` {fs{fxfeyoybne nj ohhvxfi sf{xnex oy o`` xyogfx

nj bezfxybgoybnex%

78% Ylf Xsfhbo` [ossn{yfv{ o`xn {fhnddfeix yloy ylf Gnzf{edfey s{nlbkby ylf

f|fhvybne nj avzfeb`fx, ox s{fxh{bkfi kr beyf{eoybneo` òw, oei yloy ovyln{bybfx

hnexbif{ hnddvybeg o`` hosbyo` xfeyfehfx jn{ avzfeb`fx hv{{fey`r johbeg o ifoylxfeyfehf% @oxy`r, ylf Xsfhbo` [ossn{yfv{ wf`hndfx ylf ndbxxbne nj ylf xynebeg sfeo`yr

be ylf efw Sfeo` Hnif, kvy fehnv{ogfx ylf Gnzf{edfey yn yomf xyfsx yn f|s`bhby`r

{fxy{bhy ylf vxf nj ylbx svebxldfey, oei ho``x ne ylf Gnzf{edfey yn hnddvyf f|bxybeg

xfeyfehfx jn{ f|fhvybne kr xynebeg%

79% @oxy`r, ylf Xsfhbo` [ossn{yfv{ hneybevfx yn xy{fxx ylf h{bybho` effi jn{ g{foyf{

y{oexso{fehr oei h`nxf{ fegogfdfey wbyl ylf Lvdoe [bglyx Hnvehb` oei Vebyfi

Eoybnex lvdoe {bglyx dfhloebxdx be xy{fegylfebeg lvdoe {bglyx xojfgvo{ix jn{ o`` be

ylf Bxòdbh [fsvk`bh nj B{oe% Ylf Xsfhbo` [ossn{yfv{ {fho``x yloy ylf Xyoyf ohhfsyfi

?;8 {fhnddfeioybnex doif iv{beg byx vebzf{xo` sf{bnibh {fzbfw, oei {fhnddfeix

yloy o zn`veyo{r dbi$yf{d {fzbfw hnvì s{nzbif o dn{f y{oexso{fey wor yn

ifdnexy{oyf ylfb{ bds`fdfeyoybne% Ylf Xsfhbo` [ossn{yfv{ fehnv{ogfx ylf

Gnzf{edfey yn fegogf jv``r wbyl xsfhbo` s{nhfiv{fx doeioyf lnìf{x oei yn johb`byoyfylfb{ ohhfxx yn ylf hnvey{r, be hnds`boehf wbyl ylf xyoeibeg bezbyoybne bxxvfi be ;33;%

Lf o`xn v{gfx ylf Gnzf{edfey yn hn`òkn{oyf be ylf jv`jb`dfey nj lbx doeioyf oei yn

{fxsnei snxbybzf`r yn lbx {fqvfxyx jn{ o hnvey{r zbxby%


22/36

O.L[H.?2.::

;;

Oeef|

Oiibybneo` {fsn{yx nj lvdoe {bglyx zbnòybnex be ylf Bxòdbh

[fsvk`bh nj B{oe

B% Mol{bom Ifyfeybne Hfeyf{ Hoxfx

?% Doxnni O`boifl Loyfj Xn`yoeb Yolo Qfbeo`b oei o wbyefxx wln wbxlfx yn {fdobe

oenerdnvx wf{f xfso{oyf`r beyf{zbfwfi j{nd 8? Nhynkf{ $ 8 Enzfdkf{ ;3??% Ylfr o``

yfxybjbfi yloy ylfr wf{f o{{fxyfi ne 2 Av`r ;332 oy ibjjf{fey `nhoybnex kr sòbeh`nylfx jn{hfx

iv{beg o hbyr$wbif s{nyfxy% Ylfr {fsn{yfi yloy ylfr wf{f kfoyfe xfzf{f`r oei y{oexjf{{fi

wbyl oss{n|bdoyf`r ;63 sfns`f yn ylf S{fzfeybne Sn`bhf Lfoiqvo{yf{x be Feglfòk Xqvo{f%

O`` jnv{ beyf{zbfwffx xyoyfi yloy ylf bezfxybgoybzf Avigf wlnxf eodf wox doif ozobòk`f yn

ylf Xsfhbo` [ossn{yfv{ hodf yn ylf sn`bhf lfoiqvo{yf{x ne ?3 Av`r ;332 wlf{f lf

ibxy{bkvyfi o `bxy nj hlo{gfx ogobexy ylf s{nyfxyn{x oei kfoy o evdkf{ nj s{bxnef{x%

;% Ylfr {fsn{yfi yloy ylfr wf{f y{oexjf{{fi yn Mol{bom S{bxne oei sòhfi be o 73 xq%

dfyf{ hf`` wbyl en zfeybòybne oei nef ynb`fy wbyl oknvy ?;9$?9: nylf{ s{bxnef{x xndf nj

wlnd wf{f beho{hf{oyfi jn{ zbn`fey h{bdfx xvhl ox dv{if{ oei {osf% Ylfxf s{bxnef{x wf{f

xobi yn in`f nvy svebxldfeyx yn ylf s{nyfxyn{x% By wox o`xn xobi yn kf xn h{nwifi be ylf hf``

yloy beibzbivo`x loi yn yomf yv{ex x`ffsbeg wlb`f nylf{x xynni% Ovyln{bybfx {fsn{yfi`r

svdsfi gox f|lovxy jvdfx beyn ylf hf`` wlfe ylfr woeyfi ylf s{bxnef{x yn kf qvbfy%

8% Ylf beyf{zbfwffx xyoyfi yloy ifyobeffx wf{f yomfe nvyxbif ko{fjnny ylf ef|y ior

ib{fhyfi yn jn{d o hb{h`f oei ynì yn wo`m o{nvei ylf xfo{beg oxslo`y ro{i wlb`f xqvoyybeg%

Ylfr oxxf{yfi yloy fzf{rnef xvjjf{fi kv{ex yn ylfb{ jffy oei ylnxf veok`f yn sf{jn{d ylbx

yoxm xvjjf{fi j{nd kv{ex yn ylf loeix oei meffx ox o {fxv`y nj h{ow`beg ne ylf oxslo`y%

Ylnxf yloy wf{f veok`f yn jn``nw ylbx n{if{ wf{f {fsn{yfi`r kfoyfe wbyl SZH sbsfx% Ylf

veeodfi wbyefxx hn{{nkn{oyfi ylf okvxf oei yn{yv{f nj Doxnni O`boifl ne ylf xfhneiebgly nj ylfb{ ifyfeybne% Knyl dfe yfxybjbfi yloy o s{bxnef{ wox n{if{fi yn sbhm s{nyfxyn{x yn

kf lveg j{nd ylf hfb`beg be n{if{ yn yfohl nylf{x o `fxxne oei yn domf ylfd hnnsf{oyf%

D{% O`boifl wox {oeind`r hlnxfe lveg j{nd ylf hfb`beg kr lbx jffy oei kfoyfe% D{%

O`boifl soxxfi nvy j{nd ylf ;3 dbevyfx kfoybeg% Ojyf{ kfbeg velnnmfi D{% O`boifl

xyoyfi yloy lf bddfiboyf`r feiv{fi oenylf{ kfoybeg j{nd o s{bxnef{ ne n{if{x j{nd ylf

ovyln{bybfx oei xvxyobefi dv`ybs`f lfoi wnveix ox o {fxv`y% Lbx wnveix wfey vey{foyfi

veyb` ojyf{ lf wox y{oexjf{{fi j{nd Mol{bom S{bxne%

9% Kr ylf ylb{i ior o`` ylf wnveix xvxyobefi iv{beg kfoybegx wf{f bejfhyfi oei dnxy nj

ylf ifyobeffx {fsn{yfi`r loi frf bejfhybnex% Ylf lfoy be ylf hf`` wox ifxh{bkfi yn kf

beyfexf oei ylf wbyefxxfx xyoyfi yloy sfns`f wf{f soxxbeg nvy ox o {fxv`y beh`vibeg o

s{bxnef{ eodfi Odb{ Aozoibjo{ wln {fsn{yfi`r loi k{nmfe knefx wlfe lf o{{bzfi be lbx

hf``% Ylf beyf{zbfwffx xobi ylf ifyobeffx snveifi snvei ne ylf inn{ oei veyb` o gvo{iog{ffi yn `fy ylfd nvy jn{ o ?6 dbevyf j{fxl ob{ k{fom% Xfzf{o` beibzbivo`x wf{f xfey yn ylf

s{bxne ro{i yn xffm dfibho` y{foydfey jn{ ylfb{ bejfhybnex oei k{nmfe knefx oy yloy ybdf%

Lnwfzf{ ylfb{ {fqvfxy jn{ sobemb``f{x oei y{foydfey jn{ ylfb{ beav{bfx wf{f {fsn{yfi`r

bgen{fi% Odb{ Aozoibjo{ wox o``fgfi`r ynì yn xyns s{fyfeibeg yn kf xbhm kr ylf slrxbhboe ne

ivyr% O`` jnv{ wbyefxxfx {fsn{yfi yloy Dnlxfe [nnlnòdbeb oei Dnloddoi Mod{oeb wf{f

o`xn {fjvxfi dfibho` y{foydfey% O`` yl{ff dfe {fsn{yfi`r ibfi j{nd ylfb{ beav{bfx%

6% Ylf ifyobeffx wf{f s{fso{fi yn kf y{oexjf{{fi j{nd Mol{bom yn Fzbe S{bxne ne ylf

jbjyl ior% Ylf Lfoi nj ylf Ifyfeybne Hfeyf{ {fsn{yfi`r kfoy ylf s{bxnef{x jn{ eny gfyybeg

i{fxxfi joxy fenvgl% Ylf wbyefxxfx xyoyfi yloy Odb{ Aozoibjo{ ibfi iv{beg ylbx y{oexjf{ yn

Fzbe S{bxne ox o {fxv`y nj efg`bgfehf% Ylfr xyoyfi yloy ifyobeffx hndsòbefi yn ylf


23/36

O.L[H.?2.::

;8

ovyln{bybfx oknvy lbx k{foylbeg oei yloy lbx hneibybne ossfo{fi xf{bnvx lnwfzf{ en dfibho`

y{foydfey wox s{nzbifi veyb` HS[ wox sf{jn{dfi kr oenylf{ ifyobeff wlfe D{% Aozoibjo{

xynssfi k{foylbeg% Ylf s{bxnef{x wf{f y{oexjf{{fi yn Fzbe S{bxne yloy fzfebeg oei o``nwfi

yn hneyohy ylfb{ jodb`bfx ojyf{ o wffm%

BB% Xyvifeyx hoxfx

:% Eoxxfl Jo{bib jn{df{ Xfh{fyo{r nj Yfl{oe Yo{kboy Dno``fd Vebzf{xbyr Bxòdbh

Oxxnhboybne wox xfeyfehfi yn : rfo{x be s{bxne oei 79 òxlfx kr K{oehl ;: nj ylf Yfl{oe

[fzn`vybneo{r Hnv{y ne hlo{gfx nj ohybeg ogobexy eoybneo` xfhv{byr oei ibx{vsybne be

svk`bh n{if{% Jo{bib {fsn{yfi yloy lf wox o{{fxyfi ne ylf fzfebeg nj ?9 Avef ;332 ojyf{ o

{obi ne lbx hodsobge lfoiqvo{yf{x be hneefhybne wbyl lbx fjjn{yx yn hnddvebhoyf

ifzf`nsdfeyx xv{{nveibeg ylf s{fxbifeybo` f`fhybnex yn beyf{eoybneo` efwx xyoybnex%

7% O`b{fo Mboeb o jn{df{ xyvifey ohybzbxy oy Dooeio{oe Vebzf{xbyr wox o{{fxyfi ne 9

Enzfdkf{ ;3?3%o O xnv{hf wln wbxlfx yn {fdobe oenerdnvx jn{ xfhv{byr {foxnex xyoyfi

yloy D{% Mboebx o{{fxy wox hneefhyfi yn lbx dfdkf{xlbs oei wn{m wbyl ylf Hfey{o` Hnvehb`

nj Iojyo{ Yolmbd Zolioy wlbhl h{bybhbfi zo{bnvx gnzf{edfey sn`bhbfx= lbx svk`bhoybnexoei xyoyfdfeyx xvssn{ybeg nssnxbybne hoeibioyfx be ylf ;332 s{fxbifeybo` f`fhybnex= oei lbx

hnddvebhoybnex wbyl jn{fbge dfibo% Ylf xnv{hf {fsn{yfi yloy D{% Mboeb wox lfì be

xn`byo{r hnejbefdfey jn{ ;3 iorx oei wox hlo{gfi wbyl oxxfdk`r oei hn``vxbne wbyl ylf

beyfey yn ohy ogobexy eoybneo` xfhv{byr% Lf lox xbehf kffe koeefi j{nd ifjfeibeg lbx ylfxbx

oei g{oivoybne%


24/36

O.L[H.?2.::

;9

D{% O{okxlolb wox k`beijnìfi zf{ko``r okvxfi yl{foyfefi oei kfoyfe iv{beg lbx

beyf{{ngoybnex% Lf wox {fsn{yfi`r qvfxybnefi oknvy beyf{zbfwx lf gozf yn ylf jn{fbge s{fxx

oknvy lbx {n`f be ylf ;332 Oxlv{o s{nyfxyx oei oknvy ylf dfdkf{xlbs oei ohybzbybfx nj lbx

xyvifey n{goeboybne Iojyo{f Yolmbd Zolioy% D{% O{okxlolb {fsn{yfi`r xvjjf{fi o lfo{y

oyyohm oei wox {f`foxfi j{nd s{bxne vsne dfibho` oizbhf ne )?33333 kob`% Ylf xnv{hf o`xn

{fsn{yfi yloy O{okxlolb lox xbehf kffe yl{foyfefi kr ovyln{bybfx yn {fj{obe j{nd sn`bybhoòhybzbyr%

??% Loxxoe Oxoib Qfbiokoib bx o hfey{o` hnvehb` dfdkf{ nj ylf G{oivoyf O`vdeb

N{goeboybne ,Oizo{ Yolmbdf Zolioy"% Lf lox kffe o{{fxyfi oei ifyobefi ywbhf jn{ lbx

xyvifey ohybzbybfx% O wbyefxx wln xlo`` {fdobe oenerdnvx {fsn{yfi yloy D{% Qfbiokoib wox

lfì be xn`byo{r hnejbefdfey jn{ 83 nj lbx 93 iorx be ifyfeybne jn``nwbeg lbx o{{fxy ne 8

Enzfdkf{ ;332 ojyf{ wlbhl lf wox {f`foxfi ne )?33333 kob`% Ylf wbyefxx {fsn{yfi yloy

D{% Qfbiokoib wox eny o``nwfi yn ifjfei lbdxf`j iv{beg lbx 9 Ovgvxy ;3?3 y{bo` oei yloy by

wox h`fo{ yloy ylf avigf loi o`{foir doif vs lbx dbei oknvy hlo{gfx nj hnexsb{ohr oei

oxxfdk`r yn ibxyv{kbeg svk`bh n{if{ s{nsogoeio ogobexy {fgbdf bexv`ybeg s{fxbifey

oei so{ybhbsoybne be b``fgo` Do{hlfx% D{% Qfbiokoib bx hv{{fey`r xf{zbeg lbx 6 rfo{

xfeyfehf%

?;% Xo`doe Xbdo wox o{{fxyfi jn{ o xfhnei ybdf ne ?; Avef ;3?3 jn{ lbx xyvifey

ohybzbybfx be s{nyfxy nj ylf ;332 s{fxbifeybo` f`fhybne nvyhndf% D{% Xbdo {fsn{yfi yloy lf

wox k`beijnìfi yl{foyfefi oei kfoyfe iv{beg lbx beyf{{ngoybnex% Lf `fo{efi nj lbx :$rfo{

xfeyfehf jn{ hlo{gfx nj ibx{vsybeg ylf svk`bh n{if{ oei oyyfeibeg b``fgo` goylf{begx oei

hn``vxbne oei hnexsb{ohr yloy wf{f jb`fi ogobexy lbd be Enzfdkf{ ;332 wlb`f be s{bxne

owobybeg ylf nvyhndf nj lbx xfhnei o{{fxy% Lf wox {f`foxfi ne 6 Av`r ;3?3 ne VX )?33333

oei lox `fjy ylf hnvey{r%

?8% O`b Aodo`b bx hv{{fey`r xf{zbeg o 9$rfo{ xfeyfehf jn{ bexv`ybeg ylf Xvs{fdf @foif{

bexv`ybeg ylf S{fxbifey oeyb${fgbdf s{nsogoeio oei goylf{beg oei hnexsb{ohr yn

ibxyv{k svk`bh n{if{% O wbyefxx wln xlo`` {fdobe oenerdnvx {fsn{yfi yloy D{% Aodo`b oei

lbx jodb`r wf{f {fsfoyfi`r yl{foyfefi jn{ ylfb{ so{ybhbsoybne be ylf ;332 f`fhybne s{nyfxyx%

Ylf wbyefxx o`xn xyoyfi yloy D{% Aodo`bx wbjf wox o`xn jb{fi j{nd lf{ ank be hneefhybnewbyl lf{ lvxkoeix ohybzbybfx%

?9% Lodfl Glo`fkb wox ylf lfoi nj ylf Rnvyl K{oehl nj Db{$Lnxxfbe Dnvxozb'x

hodsobge iv{beg ylf Avef ;332 f`fhybne% Lf wox ifyobefi ne ;3 Avef ;332 kr sòbeh`nylfx

ogfeyx oei y{oexjf{{fi yn Wo{i ;$O nj Fzbe S{bxne wlf{f lf wox {fsn{yfi`r k`beijnìfi

kfoyfe oei yl{foyfefi wbyl f|fhvybne iv{beg lbx bezfxybgoybne%

?6% Dnloddoi Xoifglb wox o{{fxyfi jn{ ylf jnv{yl ybdf ne 8 Enzfdkf{ ;332% D{%

Xoifglb {fsn{yfi yloy lbx lndf wox xfo{hlfi kf`negbegx xfbfi oei lf wox y{oexjf{{fi yn

xn`byo{r hnejbefdfey be Wo{i ;32 nj Fzbe S{bxne% D{% Xoifglb {fsn{yfi yloy lf xsfey ?; iorx

be ylf ?%6 | ; dfyf{ hf`` wbylnvy oer lvdoe hneyohy xyoybeg yloy ylf ne`r wor lf mefw ylf

ybdf nj ior kr lfo{beg ylf ho``x yn s{orf{% Lf oxxf{yfi yloy lbx s`fox yn gn yn s{orf{ wf{f dfy

wbyl kfoybegx kr s{bxne gvo{ix% Lf wox ne`r o``nwfi yn hneyohy lbx jodb`r yn bejn{d ylfd njlbx wlf{foknvyx ojyf{ ;6 iorx% Lf wox hlo{gfi wbyl ohybeg ogobexy eoybneo` xfhv{byr

oxxfdk`r oei hn``vxbne wbyl ylf beyfey yn ibx{vsy eoybneo` xfhv{byr s{nsogoybeg ogobexy ylf

{fgbdf oei h{foybeg svk`bh oe|bfyr% Lf wox {f`foxfi ne )?33333 kob` ne ?; Ifhfdkf{ ;332%


25/36

O.L[H.?2.::

;6

Yok`f B

8; Xyvifeyx Hv{{fey`r Ifyobefi

Eodf Hlo{gfx Xfeyfehf O{{fxy Ioyf Ifyob`x

O`b Oaodb S{nsogoeio oei hnexsb{ohrogobexy ylf {fgbdf

9 rfo{x ;.?.?3 Xfeyfehf òyf{ {fivhfi yn ;rfo{x

Aozoi O`bmloeb en bejn{doybne 6 rfo{x Jo`` ;337 Xfeyfehf òyf{ {fivhfi yn 8rfo{x%

Sfrdoe O{fj S{nsogoeio ogobexy ylf{fgbdf

? rfo{ ;.?.?3 ;332 F`fhybnex% Hlo{gfi38.;3?3% Xfeyfehfi yn o`bjfybdf koe j{nd anv{eo`bxdoei oer dfdkf{xlbs be

sn`bybho` so{ybfx

Bexv`ybeg ylf S{fxbifey 79 òxlfx

Oxoi Koglf{b en bejn{doybne enbejn{doybne

Xfs ;3??

[olbd Koan{ en bejn{doybne enbejn{doybne

?3.?8.?? en bejn{doybne

Kokom Ioxlok Oxxfdk`r * hnexsb{ohrogobexy eoybneo` xfhv{byr

: rfo{x ;.?.32 Xfeyfehf òyf{ {fivhfi yn 6rfo{x= Xndf {fsn{yx xlnw ;.8nj lbx xfeyfehfi wox jn{gbzfene ylf nhhoxbne nj Jfy{ FbbiS{nsogoeio ogobexy ylf

{fgbdf

Doabi In{{b Dvlo{fkfl ?? rfo{x 7.?.32 OH[F dfdkf{ Hlo{gfi?;.;332 Xfeyfehf {fivhfi yn:%6 rfo{xOhybeg ogobexy eoybneo`

xfhv{byr

Ibxyv{kbeg svk`bh n{if{

Dolibf Gn`{nv S{nsogoeio ogobexy ylf{fgbdf

; rfo{x9 dneylx

?;.?.32 8%9 rfo{x ynyo`$ hndkbefi wbyl? rfo{ xvxsfeifibds{bxnedfey jn{ xbdbò{hlo{gfx% Xfeyfehf oyf{{fivhfi yn ; rfo{x ne37.;6.;3?3

Oxxfdk`r oei hn``vxbne ynibx{vsy eoybneo` xfhv{byr

Mnvlro{ Gnvio{b S{nsogoeio ogobexy ylf{fgbdf

? rfo{ ?.?.32?;133 OD

F`fhybne S{nyfxyn{ O{{fxyfiogobe 37.8?.;3?? LfìBehnddvebhoin hlo{gfvemenwe

Xobbi Aoò`bjo{ Oxxfdk`r * hnexsb{ohrogobexy eoybneo` xfhv{byr 8 rfo{x


26/36

O.L[H.?2.::

;:


Kolo{fl Lfioroy Hnexsb{ohr ogobexy ylf{fgbdf

7%6 rfo{x ?;.8?.32 Xyvifey ohybzbxy o{{fxyfi ne 6xfso{oyf nhhoxbnex% 2%6 rfo{xynyo`$ hndkbefi wbyl ; rfo{x

nj xvxsfeifi bds{bxnedfeyjn{ ohybeg ogobexy eoybneo`xfhv{byr dfdkf{ nj ylfBxòdbh Xyvifey Oxxnhboybne

Bexv`ybeg ylf Xvs{fdf @foif{

Bexv`ybeg ylf S{fxbifey

S{nsogoeio ogobexy ylf{fgbdf

Dflib Mlniobb Ohybeg ogobexy eoybneo`xfhv{byr

7 rfo{x 8.?.32 Hlo{gfi ?3.;3?3

S{nsogoeio ogobexy ylf{fgbdf

Ndbi Mnmokff Oxxfdk`r oei hn``vxbne ynibx{vsy eoybneo` xfhv{byr

sfeibegy{bo`

hneh`vxbne

Jfk$?? Y{bo` ?3.39.;3??% Yf|oxVebzf{xbyr xyvifey kfbeg lfì

jn{ lozbeg hneyohy wbyl+lnxyb`f hnvey{bfx+

Lokbkn`òl@oybjb!!!

Dvlo{fkfl IfoylSfeo`yr

Nhy$37 Hlo{gfi 37.;33


27/36

O.L[H.?2.::

;7


Qbo Eokozb Goylf{beg oei hn``vibegogobexy eoybneo` xfhv{byr

8 rfo{x :.?6.32

S{nsogoeio ogobexy ylfxrxyfd

? rfo{

Ibxyv{kbeg svk`bh n{if{ ? rfo{

@bemx yn oei hn$ nsf{oybnewbyl ylf SDNB

?3 rfo{x ynkf xf{zfi bebeyf{eo`f|b`f

O{oxl Xoifglb Xs{foibeg oeyb$gnzf{edfeys{nsogoeio

: rfo{x79 oxlbegx

Oxlv{o S{nyfxyn{ ;ei o{{fxy,?


28/36

O.L[H.?2.::

;


29/36

O.L[H.?2.::

;2

Yok`f BB

?6 Mv{ibxl Ifyobeffx Xfeyfehfi yn Ifoyl

Eodf Njjfexf Xfeyfehf O{{fxy Ioyf Ifyob`x

Dnloddoi OdbeOkin``olb


;33< Dfdkf{xlbs nj Mv{ibxl g{nvs% Hlo{gfi3?.?:.;3?3% xfhnei o{{fxy$ jb{xy be ;336wlfe hlo{gfi wbyl oeyb${fgbdf

s{nsogoeio

Ohybeg ogobexyeoybneo` xfhv{byr

O`b Ojxlo{b Dvlo{fkfl IfoylSfeo`yr

?;.?9.?3 Dfdkf{xlbs nj Mv{ibxl g{nvs% Hlo{gfi3


30/36

O.L[H.?2.::

83


Dnxyojo Xo`bdb Dvlo{fkflIfoylSfeo`yr

;33?

Mv{ibxl doe ohhvxfi nj `bemx yn Mv{ibxlnssnxbybne so{yr [fjf{fehf L[H [fsn{yO.L[H.?:.EGN.;6= 3;.;;.;3??Ohybeg ogobexy

eoybneo` xfhv{byr

Okin`òl Xo{zo{boe Xsrbeg IfoylSfeo`yr

eny menwe Xfeyfehf nzf{yv{efi% [fjf{fehf L[H[fsn{y O.L[H.?:.EGN.;6= 3;.;;.;3??%

Yok`f BBB

?2 Jfdo`f S{bxnef{x nj Hnexhbfehf Hv{{fey`r Ifyobefi


Eox{be Xnynvifl Xs{foibeg `bfx ogobexy ylfxyoyf

?? rfo{x 2.9.?3 Xnynvifl bx o lvdoe {bglyx@owrf{% Lf{ xfeyfehf woxòyf{ {fivhfi ne 32.;3?? yn

: rfo{x oei ?3 rfo{ koe nes{ohybhbeg òw

Hnnsf{oybeg wbyl ylf Hfeyf{nj Lvdoe [bglyx Ifjfeif{x

Ohybeg ogobexy eoybneo`xfhv{byr

Oyfjfl EokozbHloxldb

Hneyohy wbyl ylf DnaolfibeMlo`gl ,DFM"

8%9 rfo{x :.?6.?3 Hlo{gfi ?;.;3?3

So{ybhbsoybne be ylf s{nyfxyxnj Avef ?6yl ;332

O`bfl Fgliodinvxy So{ybhbsoybne be ylf Avef ?;;33: s{nyfxy be Lojyf Yb{Xqvo{f

8%9 rfo{x ;3òxlfx

;.?.32 Xfeyfehf òyf{ {fivhfi yn 8rfo{x oei en òxlbeg

Dolknvkfl Mo{odb Dfdkf{xlbs be o lvdoe{bglyx n{goeboybne

9 rfo{x 8.;.?3 Hlo{gfi 3;.3;.;3??%Xfeyfehf wox òyf{ {fivhfiyn 8 rfo{x

S{nsogoeio ogobexy ylf Xyoyf

Goylf{beg oe hn``vxbne wbylylf beyfey nj lo{dbegeoybneo` xfhv{byr

Loebfl Xoef Jo{xlb.Loebfl Xlo{o{flJo{xlb Xlnyn{koe

Bexv`ybeg wloy bx xoh{fi 7 rfo{x 7.?


31/36

O.L[H.?2.::

8?


[orloefl Loa$Fk{olbd Iokkogl

Xfeibeg sbhyv{fx oei zbifnxnj ylf ifdnexy{oybnex ynjn{fbge hnvey{bfx

IfoylSfeo`yr

enbejn{doybne

Xfeyfehf `oyf{ {fivhfi yn?6 rfo{x!!!

Dfdkf{xlbs nj ylfDnaolfibe Mlo`qN{goeboybne ,DMN"

Do{rod Omko{bDnejo{fi


?.?.?3 Xfeyfehf `oyf{ {fivhfi yn?6 rfo{x!!!

Doxxnvdfl Rozo{b Dvlo{fkfl 7 rfo{x 2.?


32/36

O.L[H.?2.::

8;

Eodf O{{fxy Ioyf

Y{bo` . Hnv{y N{if{

Bxxvfi Xfeyfehf

6 D{% Ojbj Eofbdb Dor ?9 ;33< Y{bo` feifi ?9$Ave$?3

;3 rfo{x bds{bxnedfey

: D{% Xofbi [fobf Dor ?9 ;33< Y{bo` feifi ?9$Ave$?3


7 D{% Kfl{nv Yozommn`b ?" ;:$Av`$36= ;" ?9$Dor$3< Y{bo` feifi ?9$Ave$?3


< D{% Zolbi Ybjold Dor ?9 ;33< Y{bo` feifi ?9$Ave$?3


2 D{% Dfl{oe Koeib Dor ;2 ;33< Zf{ibhy1 ;


33/36

O.L[H.?2.::

88

Eodf O{{fxy Ioyf

Y{bo` . Hnv{y N{if{

Bxxvfi Xfeyfehf

;3 Dx% Xolko Mloifdbif`ann ?" 39$Os{$32= ;" ;8$Dor$?3 Ifh ;; ;332 ? rfo{ bds{bxnedfey

;? Dx% Xn{nv{ Xn{nv{boe ?" ?3$Os{$32= ;" ;8$Dor$?3 Ifh ;; ;332 ? rfo{ bds{bxnedfey

;; D{% Dnxlyogl Xodoeio{b Ave


34/36

O.L[H.?2.::

89

Eodf O{{fxy Ioyf

Y{bo` . Hnv{y N{if{

Bxxvfi Xfeyfehf

8: D{% Xbodom Bgloeb ?" ;7$Os{$32= ;" :$Enz$?3 Y{bo`1 83$Ave$32=


35/36

O.L[H.?2.::

86

Eodf O{{fxy Ioyf

Y{bo` . Hnv{y N{if{

Bxxvfi Xfeyfehf

62 D{% Kfloi Qokblb ?" ;;$Jfk$??= ;" ?3$Os{$?? Vemenwe Vemenwe

:3 D{% Zfxo` Dolknvkb Os{ ;6 ;3?? Vemenwe Vemenwe

:? D{% Jo{enviDnloddoioifl

Aoe ?7 ;3?? Vemenwe Vemenwe

:; D{% Kfl{oeg Dnlxfeb Aoe ?7 ;3?? Vemenwe Vemenwe

:8 D{% Mod{oe Dn{yfobf Dor ;; ;3?? Xfs ;6 ;3?? 6 rfo{x bds{bxnedfey

:9 Dx% Envxlbe Mloifd Dor ;; ;3?? Xfs ;7 ;3?? 9 rfo{x bds{bxnedfey

:6 D{% Doldnvi Koiozod Dor ;; ;3?? Xfs ;7 ;3?? 9 rfo{x bds{bxnedfey

:: D{% [odbe Qbkobf Dor ;; ;3?? Vemenwe 9 rfo{x bds{bxnedfey

:7 D{% Jo{loi Xfiglb Dor ;; ;3?? Xfs ;3 ;3?? 9 rfo{x bds{bxnedfey

:< D{% Ioebo` Nvab Dor ;; ;3?? Vemenwe Vemenwe

:2 D{% [bo Xnkloeb Ave ?9 ;3?? Vemenwe 9 rfo{x bds{bxnedfey

73 D{% Kfljo{ Mloeaoeb ?" 36$Aoe$?3= ;" ;?$Ave$?? Dor 9 ;3?3 9 rfo{x bds{bxnedfey

7? Dx% Xoeo Yojon`b Ave ;7 ;3?? Vemenwe Vemenwe

7; Dx% Ebmo Ko{ooeiflebro Vemenwe Vemenwe Vemenwe

78 D{x% Ab`o [fzoeb ,Gloefb" Av` : ;3?? Vemenwe Vemenwe

79 D{x% Xobifl Jn{nvglb,Efgo{b"

Av` : ;3?? Vemenwe Vemenwe

76 Dx% Dby{o Odoroeifl Av` 8 ;3?? Vemenwe Vemenwe

7: D{% Loab{ Xfsyn Av` ?? ;3?? Dor ;; ;3?? Vemenwe

77 D{% Zolfi Mln`nvxb Ovg ;8 ;3?? Vemenwe Vemenwe

7< Dx% Xodbe Flxoeb Ovg ?7 ;3?? Vemenwe Vemenwe

72 D{% Ojxlbe Lfr{oyboe Ave 8 ;3?3 Vemenwe 9 rfo{x bds{bxnedfey


36/36

O.L[H.?2.::

8:

Eodf O{{fxy Ioyf

Y{bo` . Hnv{y N{if{

Bxxvfi Xfeyfehf

un special rapporteur - iran's human rights report - march 2012

Documents