u.n. roles on public health by anne whitsel and brooke bauman presenting
TRANSCRIPT
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U.N. Roles on Public Health
By Anne Whitsel and Brooke Bauman
Presenting...
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ContentsCurrent Public Health System
Under U.N.
Management
Issues with Public Health
System
Solutions
1.
2.
3.
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Current Public Health System Under U.N. Management
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World Health Organization
• Research and Policies
● Directing and Coordinating Authority
● Focus on Improving World Wide Health
-ex: 6 point plan
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Joint Programs & Organizations• United Nations
Childrens Fund (UNICEF)
• The Joint United Nations Program on HIV & AIDS (UNAIDS)
● United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA)
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Formation of Policies & Initiatives
• General Assembly
• Economic & Social Council (UNECOSOC)
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Public Health Policies2013 to present
• UNICEF and WHO: Anti-polio Campaign in Syria
1952 to 1964● WHO: inspected
300 million for yaws, cared for affected 50 million
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World Health Goals• Alma Ata Declaration of 1978
• Universal Commitment
• Financial Risk Protection
-"Everyone should have access to the
health services they need without risk of
financial ruin or impoverishment"
• Treatment for HIV/AIDS & TB
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U.N. Health Budget
• $5.53 billion budget adopted○ 20 million:
children’s health
● 13 billion required: health and treatment
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Issues With Public Health System
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Health CoverageFactors That Determine Health Coverage:
• Population
• Percentage Affected By Disease
• Number of Health Workers
• Wealth
• Large gap between present health coverage and Universal Health Coverage (UHC)
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World Health Report: 2006The Americas Sub-Saharan Africa
14 % of the world’s population 11% of the world’s population
10% of the global burden of disease 25% of the global burden of disease
42% of the world’s health workers 3% of the world’s health workers
>50% of global health expenditure < 1% of global health expenditure
Source: 2006 World Health Report, World Health Organization.
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2013 World Health Report
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2013 WHR (Continued)
• ⅓ of people given antiretroviral treatment (ART)
• 5 million still in need of treatment
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Funding For Appeals
• Flash and Consolidated Appeals
- Natural Disasters and War Zones
• At 60% of total required funding needed
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Research Coordination & Communication
• Relationship between researchers/ health workers and policy makers
- “Top Down v.s. Bottom Up Approach”
• Research conducted far away from where it will be applied
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Solutions
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System Management• Fair Number of Health
Workers
• Provide Healthcare to the Financially Unstable
-ex: Cash payments
• Focus on the Role of the United Nations
(UHC)
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Education on Disease PreventionIn order to prevent diseases before they occur…
• More educational programs
ex: Department of Defense HIV/AIDS Prevention Program (DHAPP)
ex: United States of America International Development (USAID)’s International Mother and Child HIV Prevention Initiative
What You Need to Know on
HIV & AIDS…
1. Prevention is more effective than Treatment!
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Analyzing Funding For Appeals• Difficult to raise money for
an issue that hasn’t occurred (Flash Appeal)
• Generosity of donors/ Financial Status
• Large budget
Sending Donors (not including relief groups) to areas they will be funding ???
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• Studies conducted closer to affected area
• “Bottom Up Approach”
Research Coordination & Communication
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ConclusionMain Problems
1) Lack of Healthcare in poor countries
2) More Focus on Prevention v.s. Treatment
3) Lack of Funding
4)Currently a “Top Down” Approach
Solutions
1)System Management
2) Education
3) Presenting Problems to Donors
4) “Bottom Up Approach”
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The U.N. Can Change!
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Sources Cited• "About WHO." WHO. N.p., n.d. Web. 30 Jan. 2014. <http://www.who.int/about/en/>.
• "Bodies, History, Visits, Employment, Address, Members, Budget, Information." UN News Center. UN, n.d. Web. 25 Jan. 2014.
<http://www.un.org/en/aboutun/index.shtml>.
• "General Assembly Adopts $5.53 Billion Budget to Fund WorldwideOperations as Main Segment of Sixty-eighth Session Concludes." UN
News Center. UN, 27 Dec. 2013. Web. 30 Jan. 2014. <http://www.un.org/News/Press/docs/2013/ga11479.doc.htm>.
• Gladstone, Rick. "Polio Vaccination Effort in Syria Appears to Have Some Effect." The New York Times, 9 Jan. 2014. Web. 29 Jan. 2014.
<http://www.nytimes.com/2014/01/10/world/middleeast/polio-in-syria-is-said-to-be-under-control.html?_r=0>.
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<http://www.who.int/whr/2013/main_messages/en/index.html>.
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<http://www.un.org/partnerships/Docs/report_13_HEALTH%20FINAL.pdf>.
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Sources Cited (Continued)• "Research for Universal Health Coverage." World Health Report 2013. N.p., 2013. Web. 31 Jan. 2014. <
http://www.who.int/entity/whr/2013/whr2013-slides.pptx?ua=1>.
• "UN Agencies Begin Syrian Immunization Campaign after Reports of Polio Outbreak." United Nations Multimedia, Radio,
Photo and Television. N.p., 25 Oct. 2013. Web. 1 Feb. 2014. <http://www.unmultimedia.org/radio/english/2013/10/un-
agencies-start-syrian-immunization-campaign-after-reports-of-polio-outbreak/>.
• "UN Launches Middle East Anti-polio Campaign." The Times of Israel. N.p., 8 Nov. 2013. Web. 30 Jan. 2014.
<http://www.timesofisrael.com/un-launches-middle-east-polio-campaign/>.
• "UN, Partners Seek Record $13 Billion to Bring Life-saving Aid to Millions in 2014." UN News Center. UN, 16 Dec. 2013.
Web. 21 Jan. 2014. <http://www.un.org/apps/news/story.asp?
NewsID=46743&Cr=humanitarian+appeal&Cr1=#.UtGkRtGA3IU>.
• "UNAIDS Strategy 2011-2015." UNAIDS Strategy 2011-2015. N.p., n.d. Web. 02 Feb. 2014.
<http://www.unaids.org/en/aboutunaids/unaidsstrategygoalsby2015/>.
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Sources Cited (Continued)• "UNFPA in the UN System." UNFPA -. N.p., n.d. Web. 31 Dec. 2013. <http://www.unfpa.org/public/home/about/pid/4629>.
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<http://www.un.org/partnerships/Docs/children_a-54-664-add1.pdf>.
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http://www.un.org/en/aboutun/structure/pdfs/UN%20system%20chart_lettercolor>
• "WHO Called to Return to the Declaration of Alma-Ata." WHO. N.p., n.d. Web. 03 Feb. 2014.
<http://www.who.int/social_determinants/tools/multimedia/alma_ata/en/>.
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Photo Credits• http://www.cappe.edu.au/news.htm
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• https://www.un.org/cyberschoolbus/untour/subeco.htm
• http://www.timesofisrael.com/un-launches-middle-east-polio-campaign/
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Thank You