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ITMBEPTO EKO

I(AK CE TII{IIIE

TMTIJIOMHA PAEOTA

flpenog: CreQau Ctarr res

r{K,AITEKCATTAbP IIAHOB". 19?9

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trA4EEPTO EKOKAK CE III{IIIE Ar{rurOMHA PADOTA

COME SI FA UNA TESI DI LAUREA

@ 1977 Gruppo Editoriale Fabbri, Bompiani,Sonzogno, Etas S. p. A

O 1995 R. C. S. Libri&Grandi opere S. p. A - MilanoI. Edizione Tascabili Bompiani grugno 1977II. Edizione Strumenti Bompiani aprile 1985

X. Edizione Strumenti Bompiani febbraio 1995

@ Crerlan Cranqes - rpeBoA@ Anren AHreros - [ocJrecJroB

@ I{K,,AJIEKCAHAbP TIAHOB" 1999

rsBN 954-455-022-5

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55

cb[bPX(AHI{E

BbBE[EHilE crP.9

r. KAKBO IPEICTABJLflBA [vIfIrIoMHA rAPAEOTA I4 3A KAKBO CJIY)KI4

I. 1". 3aqo tpx6ra Aa ce [ffIrre At{rrJIoMHa pa6ora

'I 3a KaKBO CJIIDKII Tfl

I. 2. Koro 6u samrepecyBaJra ra3I'I KHlIra

I. 3. Kax AIdrIJroMHara pa6ora Moxe Aa 6lAe

rroJre3Ha m cIrcA AI,ITIJIOMI4paHeTo

I. 4. llerrpvl flcnvr flPar.ulra

II. I43EOPbT FIA TEMA

II. 1,. Ter.,ra Bbp)ry cuequifruen npo6nerra r'rnr'r

rrauopaMua reMa 23

II. 2. VIcroplrqecKa I{JIu reoperldqHa reMa 28

II. 3. Krr"r MI4HaJIoro 'IJIII

KbM cbBpeMeHuocrra Aa

6rge oprenu,rpaHa Harlrara reMa 32

tr. 4. Konro BpeMe rrla e neo6xopMo' 3a Aa HarIIdrIreM

L4

18

t921.

MrrJroMHara cr,r pa6ora

II. 5. Hpmo JIII e Aa 3naere qylKAIl e3ldql4

II. 6. r,Hayrna" trilvr rrnoJlldrldqecKa" TeMa

II. 6. 1. Kar<eo e HaYqHocm

II.6.2ltlcrnopurco meopemwHu meruu utu mernu

6hpry awnyarHu npo1rc'nu

II. 6. 3. Karc da npenbpHera pasuemdaHemo Ha

annyareH npo6rctn B Ha.yqHo usdtptraua

duntonna pa6oma

34

39

44

45

51

IL 7. Kar Aa ug6erneM orracHocrra Aa ce oKzuKeM

I4SnOJr3BaHr,r OT HarrHvrfl, Cr[, pbKOBOAUTen

Irr. I/{3\T,{PBAHE FIA MATEPVIAITVnEIII. 1. ,[ocmnnocr Ha rd3Boprrre

III. 1. l. Karcau ca. uslopume ua uayuuun mpyd

IIII. 1. 2. I4saopu onx nbp6a pbrar u u:tsopu

om 6mopa pbKa

III. 2. Tlsgupnane sa 6tn6mrcrpaQunra

III.2. L..Karc da nonaane fiudtuomeKume

III.2.2. Karc da pa6omu'u c fiu6auozpaQunma:

KApmomeruama

III. 2. 3. Eu6tuozpaQocume nocoqnaHufl

III.2. 4. Buituoma(nma ua Atencaudpu"n:

edun etccnepu/neHm

TAEJI'IIIA 1. IIPE|OBOP HA IIPABI4JIATA

3A BI4EJII4O| PAO CKO IIOCOIIBAHETAEII4IIA 2. IIPI4MEP 3A

EI4EJII{O| PAO CKI4 OI4IIITAEnrruA 3. OBrrIr4 TPyAOBE BbPXyI4TAJII4AHCKM'I EAP O K,

143s A\F'HVI OT TPI4 CITPAB OTIHT4KA

TAEJII4IIA 4. TPyAOBE BbPXy VmAJ.TUALICKI{TE

nPEACTABVffETTI/ HA BAP OKA,

FIAMEPEHI4 B TP'I CI]PABOqHI4KA

IIl.2. 5. Tpadea tu da ce qemam KHueutne

W a rcnrce ped

CrFpxaure

IV. PAEOTHI4'T TJIAH M KAPTOTEKMPA}IETOtV. 1. Ctgtpxaurdero Karo [JraH 3a pa6oraN.2. @llruose r 6enexxr,r

IV.2. l. Budoae Quutoeeu tlrflxHomo npu/toJ$eH^e

\/.2.2. @uwupaHe Ha usnopu otn nbpsapbt<4

TAEJITTIIA 5. (DZlroBE 3A TU4IATI4

TAEJI7I4A 6. ITAMETHA 3AIIT4CKA

\/.2.3. KapmomeKa Ha npoqemeHume3Aetaaua

IV.2. 4. Hayuuama cKpo/uHocrn

V. HAII4CBAHE FIA AI4IIJIOMFIATA PAEOTAV. 1. 3a Koro nr{lrereV. 2. Kar rr4ruere

V.3. L{urarureV. 3. 1. Koea u t<nK ce qumupa: decem npanutaTAEJIT4IIA 15. IIPUIMEP 3A IPOAbJDKT4TEJIEHAIrArrr43 HA EAr4H U Cbr\UTEKCTV. 3. 2. Itumam, napafupasa u tMazuamqnxo

V. 4. EenexKr{Te no4 ntuHt4e,

Y. 4.1.3a xaxao c/tyucam 1etetrcrcume

V. 4.2. Cucmenama 4umam _ 1etetrcxaTAEII4UA 16. frpI4MEp 3A tI3nOn3BAHEIIA CI4CTEMATA II'ITAT - EEJIEXGA

Cr,Atpxanue

64 t33142

142

t48150

1.52

1.54

t57

67

67

73

77

77

81

85

103

r04

106

LL,6

118

130

TAEJIIIIJI/4T - 14 @II1.IJJOBE 3A npoqETEHr43ArJrABr4s 15g

173

175

184

184

193

194

197

197

200

202

Crgrpxaul.re

TAENI4UA 17. NPI4MEP 3A CTAHAAPTHA

BVIE'IIVIOI:PA@Ufl.

V.4.3. Cucmetnama a6mop - eoduHa

TAEJII{IIA 18. CTPAHTII]ATA OT TAEJII4IIA 16.,

HAIIPABEHA IIO CI4CTEMAIAABTOP - TOA'1I{A

TAEI'IIIA 19. IIPI4MEP 34' E 'IEJII4O|PAoI4TI

tlo CI4CTEMATAABTOP - |OA'II{AV. 5. [peg]npe]qeHrrrr, r(rrorrKrl, rpaKTr{KI,r

V. 6. HayrHara ropAocr

VI. OKOHIL{TEJII{A PETAKIII4'IHA IT4IIITOMHATA PAEOTA

VI. 1. fpaifuunu vr3vrcKBaHus.

VI. 1. L lforcma u pascrnoflHun

VI. 1. 2. Kypcue u ztanHu 6yr<su

VL 1. 3.IfapazpaQu

VI. 1. 4. Kaeuqnt u dpyeu 3HaUu

Yl. t. 5. nua.rypumuqHu 3ntr4u u mpaHcrxumepaqun

VI. 1. 6. Ilynrcmya4un, ydapeuun, cbtcpal4eHufl

VI. 1. 7. Hnana pasnopodnu. cffiema

TAEJII4IIA 20 HAvr-U3rrOJI3BAHtrfrE B EEJIDKKmTE

uIrr, B TEKCTA CbKPAIIIEHI4.I

Vl. 2. O6rqara 6v6truorpaQvnVI. 3. flprnoxeurrraVI.4. CrgrpxanueroTAEJII/IIA 21. IIPI4MEPHI4 cblbP)KAHI4tl

VII. 3AKIIIOIIEHI4E

BbBEAEHI{E

1. Elno BpeMe yuldBepcllTerure 6sxa eJII4THI4 yrebnr eane-

aeuwr,. Tarur yrexa-caMo AeIIa Ha Bl4clilI{cun. C pegrul Id3KJIrc-

qenrrrfl., roftto f{erue B Tqx, pa3rroJlaralrre c Bp-eMero cI{ KaK-

to tut"p" ea qo6pe. VnuaepcutercKoro o6yreuue 6eure

Bb3[plleMaHo Karo Helqo, 3a Koero e neo6xoguvro cuoxoftc-

rs[e. I{acr oT BpeMeTO cr{ cTyAerrTbT rrocBelllaBailIe Ha yqe-

He, a ocraJloro - Ha sa6asreHlas, yAoBoJlcrBr/tfl 'rllvI

Ha yr{ac-

TI4E B KOJIEKTYIBHI4fl )KI{BOT.

Jlexrluurc 6rxa ueulo Karo [pecrIDKHu xonifepengu' a

safi-gaunrepecyBaHl/ffe cryAeHrl{ yqacrBaxa c n9oQe99l_11 t't

aCI cTeHTVTe B ceMI4HapI4 Or nar't-UHOTO IIeTHaIdCeT AyIIM'I/I Awec B Mlroro aMepI4KaHcKIl yHl4Bepcrlrerl eAtIH rqipc

He HaAxBbpJrt Aecer vmt' yuaficer Aytrlu (routo nJIaIrIar Aoc-

TaBI{coKIdTaKcI4I,II4MaTBI4HandHapa3[onox(eHl4enpe[IoAa.BareJrI,ITe cv:,3a Aa AI{cKyrl4pat c rrx). B ynunepcurerl4 Karo

Orctpopucxvr vrvra no eAIdH rlperloAaBarer, Hapeqen tutor,rrr{flTo 3aAaqa e Aa cneArr r43cJreAoBaTeJrcKaTa pa6ora Ha Id3K-

rroqnreruo receH Kpbr cryAeHTId (cnyrea ce re Aa He HaAx-

BbpJrrr eAun-AeaNla rogltunro) ,r c.rrcp;tr pa6orara I4M AeH

cJreA AeH.Aro Asec cvrrya\uflra y nac 6eure raKaBa, Ta3I4 KHtIra He

6vt 6vrra neo6xogl,tvta. Marap HflKoIl or cbBerllTe' AaAeHId

TyK, Aa 6lnxa 6l,tttlt IIoJIe3Hr{ l,t 3a oH3I4 ,,vlgearer" cryAeHT,

qnfrro o6paa cKI{IIIlpaxMe no-rope.

,[Hec o6aue rualrutqrtr yHI4BepcI'ITer e ilacor yHusepcumem'

B nero cs yqaT cTyAeHTr4 OT BCI{qKI4 COIII4aJIHI{ CJIOeBe, IdABa-

rrlr4 or BcvIrrKIl BI{AoBe cpeAHIl frI4JIIlrIIa. Hqrou 3arlI{cBar

Qrnocoifur uln Qlrnolorl{fl, BbrIpeKIl qe ca 3aBIpIIIIIJIII

ipegHld fIt{JII4Iua c rexHl4qecKld npo!fu4, Kbgero He ca yqI'IJIII

Hrdro rpbIIKId, HI4To \opfivl JIarI{HcKId. IL at<o e,BflpHo, qe 3a

rroBeqero AI{cIII4rIJrIIHI{ JIarI4HcK\tflT He e oco6eno [pIdJIo-

xorM, To sa lfrnoco<f avru Qnlolora HfxAara or Hero e or-

poMHa.

203

204

208

209

2r02t3

2r72L7

2r9221

222

225

227

228

229

234

23i239

241

245

Brne4eureBrre4eune

B Hqrou KypcoBe ca 3anlrrcanr[ crorr4rlr{ vry1errvt. llpoQe_gopbT rro3HaBa oTqacTr{ He rroBeqe oT Tpr4rzceTuHa oT T;X.Te3r, xouro ca Hair-aKTr4BHrr Ha ceMr4HapHr.{Te sarurrr{r, trpa_Bsr BrretlarJreHr,re Ha acr{creHTa, a qpe3 Hero la Ha npoQecopa.Tara s Kpar Ha Kpar{qara nperrogaBareJrr4Te ycn Bar Aao[o3HaflT He IIOBeqe or crorr{Ha r43MeXqy cBor4Te cryAeHTr4.Itruai[.-seqe re3tr{, Kor{ro ca r43pacHaJrr

" o6puro"anu Jerurefic-

rna,6vtvt ca B KoHTaKT c xona KyJrrypHa cpeAa, Morar Aa cr4no3BoJrflT nbryBaHr{r c o6pasonareJrHa rleJr, [oce4aBar rear-paJrHr4 nocTaHoBKrr v ilpyfrf KyJrTypHr4 Mepofipr{rrr{ n M nbTy _ear s qfx(6una. OcseH reera crygeuru o6aq^e

"rrqecr"yu,dpyeume. .{pyrzre ca cryAeHrr{, Ha Kor4ro ce HaJrara Aa p'u6o_rflr tr Aa rrpeKapBar AeHfl crt n nsroft 3aAyrrreH oQrc n ipag-qe c AeceTr{HA Xr[rrflAl4 )Ktr{TeJrr{, KbAeTO nXvra gopr egnacB;rcrHa KHrDKapHrrr{a. Hsrou rrbK, pa3orrapoBaur{ or yHrlBep_crrrera, caws6patw lorrlTr4qecKarapvepa, Ho r{ Te, pano nnrK:rcno, ule,rpa6na Aa 3arrlr{raBar gunnouna pa6ori. W.vra vHAHC',tr4Ha 6eAsu cryAeHTU, KOr{TO nz6ttpar r{3nr4Trrre no cBo-ooAHor,r3or4paeMrrre Ar,rcqr4mrr4Hr{ no npr{Hqlrua roft u1e r4McrpyBa nafr-esrrHo, 3arrloro He Morar fia cwua6avxr seo6xo_At'rMilTe Kmrrtu. I/Iva crygenTr{, Kotr{To rroHrKora r4ABar HaJIEKIII4I{ I4 CE OII{TBAT AA CI{ HAMEP'T M'ICTO B IIPEIIbJIHCHATA3alra, a cJreA JreKrlr4rra 6wxa wcKarrv [a noroBopqr c rrperlola_BareJr.lr, Ho erax(AafiKr4 oflarrrKa or rpufrceruna Ayuru, 6lpsarAa crt xBaHar BJraKa, 3arrloro HrMar [apr4 3a xoreJr. I/Iva-c,ry_AeHTrd, Ha Kor{To surofi Hr{Kora ne e o6qcHr4Jr KaK ce rbpcr4KHr{ra s 6ra6rraoreKa r{ Ko.fl 6lr6luorera Aa noceqaBar. Tbel,rcryneHTr4 qecro He 3Harr, qe 6uxa Morurrl Aa HaMeprr HflKouor KHrlu4Te B cBorra rpaAcKa 6r6nrorexa, Htr{To r{Mar [peA_craBa, r{e Morar Aa clr rropbqar KHrdra no vrexgy6u6nroieq_nrs o6vren.

Crserr{re B Ta3r4 KHr{ra ca HacoqeHu Hafr-seqe KbM Tqx.llprloxruv ca v 3a oHe3rd freHrdrlrd or ropHrdre KrracoBe Harr,rMHa3r{rrTe, Kotr{TO rdMaT HaMepeHr{e Aa npoAbJDKaT B yHr4_Bepcr{Tera r ga pas6epar KaKBo rrpeAcraBJrrBa aJDU MmflTaHaAr4[JroMHara pa6ora.

Ha eclr.mrd rsx ra3il KHr{ra 6v vcxata Aa noAcKilKe noHeABC HEIIIA:

- Moxe Aa Harrr{ruere docrnoilua Ar{rrJroMHa pa6ora rd aKoce lraMr4paTe B Tpyglro cordrraJrHo rroJrox(eHr{e.

- Moxere Ia r43noJrgBare Harrr4cBaHero Ha Ar4nnoMHarapa6ora (aopr vr aKo ocraHaJrara qacr or cJregBauero Br4 ce ecropr{Jra HenprlrrHa u pa3orrapoeaula), sa aa cu Bb3BbpHerenoJIo)KI{TeJIHOTO OTIIOUISHUe KbM rIeHeTO, CXBaITIaHO Hexaro,sa:y6p.rrHe Ha o6pegeneH 6pofr Qanru, a Karo Kpr4rr4qec-ru o6pa6oreH onr{r, Karo nprAo6rleaHe na cnoco6nocr (oruoJr3a ea 6r4erqero nu) la Harrr{[Bare npo6nevrlrre, Aa pa3-MI4IIIJITBaTe MeTOAI4IIHO, Aa Id3JIaraTe MI4CJII{Te CI4 B CbOTBeT-CTB I{e C OIIpe[ eneHl4 KOMyHI4KaT IIBHr/r. TeXHIdKr4.

2. Tpn1na ga 6rge rcHo, qe ra3r{ KHr,rta HrMa HaMepeHr4ega o6acruna ,,KaK ce r{3BbpluBa HafIHo rr3cJIeABaHe", uvnoIi:bK rrpeAcTaBirrBa Kpr4T[rrHO-TeOpeTrFrHa EIlCKyCMfl. Bbpxyctofinocrra Ha r,r3cJleABaHero. Tx npegcraBJnrBa caMo cepr4qor 6enexru KaKBo rpa6na Aa HanpaBr{Te) npeAr{ Aa rrpeAcra-BUTe Ha [3IIUTHaTa KO}IVICTIS. eAI4H pbKOIImC, r{3ttcKBAH OT 3a-KoHa 3a Brlcrrrero o6pasoeanue, cbcraBeH or onpeAeJreH 6poficrpaHrn\a, HaMr{paq ce B [pqKa Bpb3Ka c r{3rraBaHara oT BacAr d\t,r.ilrrwHa, u rofiro Aa He [peAr43Br,rKa y Hayffirlfl Br4 p6Ko-BoArdreJr qyBcrBo Ha HJrMo yAr{BneHrte ,r rrrxa JryAocr. Hera etcHo, qe KHr{IaTa HflMa Aa BId Sa)KS KaKBO Aa BKIIOTII4Te B

Ar4[JroMHara cn pa6ora. Tosa Ir1e perur{Te srae. Ho Kur4rararrle Brd KilKe:

1. Karno ce pa6wpa rroA ,,Atr{rrJronana pa6ora";2. Kax ga noq6epere reMara r4 Aa orrpeAeJrr4Te BpeMero 3a

pa6ora;3. Kax Aa npoBeAere 6r6lrorpaQcroro ArdpeHe;

1. 5u* Aa rroApegr4re MarepuaJrr{re, Kor4ro me cr6palr;5. Kar ga olfopvl,lre reKcra.Wvafire npeA Br4A, qe Hafr-ro.*ro rpa6na Aa cla3Bare cb-

BeTUTe OT nocireAHara qacT, KoflTo Ha rrpbB norureA rsrJre)KAanafi-rraanonaxna. Ho eAr{HcrBeHo rfl pa3urex(Aa Mareprls, ga

KO'TO CbrrIecTByBaT AocTaT.bqHO SCH,{ [paBrrIa.

10 11

Brselertl,te

3. Tunrr Ar{rrJroMHa pa6ora, 3a Kofiro ce orHact ra3I,IKHrdra e Ar{nJroMHara pa6ora Ha xyMaHlrrapHt{Te Qarylre-ru. Mo.fit onI{T e rIoqeplaH rIpeAtI BctItIKo or pa6ora etrQurororuuecKvtv Qrrocolfcxu tpaxynteud Id cbBceM ecrec-TBeHO rOJrflMa qaCT OT [pI4MepIdTe Ce OTHaC'T Ao TeMId, pas-rJrexAaHlr B Ttx. Ho n rpauuql4Te, KoI4To cld rlocrar,fl. Ta3vIKHtr{ra, cbBert{Te, BKJIIoqeHT B lrefl, ca npl4nox(vrurt u sa !fa-KyJrrerl4Te fio no/rumuttecKu HayKu, nedazozut<n, npaao, tElt-rnypo/tozun r{ r. H. Ho capro Koraro craBa AyMa 3a l{cropld-IIECKI,I

'IJII4 TEOPETIfIIHI4 TEMI{, HE IA 3A CKCNEPI4MCHTAJIH'I.

Tlvra npuro)KHrr reMrf, Hanpl{Mep or o6nacrra Ha apxldreK-TypaTa, r4KoHoMr4Kara, TbproBl{frTa vr HflKor{ oT IIpI{pOAOHa-

rrHr4Te Avc\unlrgtH.r{, 3a Ko[To tI3JIo)KeHIdre rlpt{Hqtfitu cacbrrlo raKa BaJrr{[slr. Ho Bce naK, aKo l{3fraBare HeIrIo rro-go6no, He r4M ce AoBeprBaftre nperareno. CtnocraBere I43-

JIOXeHT{Te OT MeH npaBtIJIa c [paBIrJIaTa, BaIIMAHVT 3a BaIIra-Ta Arrcqr4nJlrdHa.

4. ,[oraro ra3r4 KHr{ra ce troArorBff 3a IIetIar, n o6lqecrno-ro reqe trvcKycrls, sa peQopvra Ha yul{BepclrrercKoro o6paeo-BaHrde. B nes ce roBopr{ 3a ABe ,ril/L Tpu crerreuld lra AIITIJIo-Mr{paHe.

C ocHosaHrde Moxe Aa ce rrorrr{Ta \anv B TaKbB clyrafrMorra KoHrleflqr{fl 3a ArlrIJIoMHa pa6ora HflMa Aa ce oKarKe

HeBairr{IHa.Axo ce BbBeAar HfiKoJIKo creneHl{ 3a AI4[JIoMt{paHe, Ho

MoAeJrbr 6rge crorHocr4M c re3rd Ha [oBeqero qyxgecrpaH-HtI yHI,IBepCVLTeTvI, TO nO CbIIIOCTBO III9 IdMaMe eAIIa He nO-pa3rldqua cvrryary/tg or onl,Icanara B rJIaBa flbpBa. II{e uuavreArdnJroMHa pa6ora 3a flbpBo nuno (uarlrcr]pcKa crefleH -6eir. peg.) ,r. Avrceprar$lff 3a Aor<ropar (eropo nnno)*.

Cuerume, AaAeHrd ryl! BtDKar I4 sa ABara rI{na [tIcMeIrIdpa6oru, a KbAero cbrrlecrByBar pa3JII4KId, Te ca flocoqenrr vI3-

pFIIro. OceeH ToBa cMrrraM, rre Ka3aHoro B cJIeABaITII{Te

*B 6urrapcxrate yHnBepcr{Terrir nbpBoro nuno e 6axalaBbpcKa crefleH, Ho KaK-TO r,{ B noBeqero or 3ana[Hure yHr,rBepcr4TeTr{ Tt He ,{SxcKBa 3alultra Ha AI{II-nouna pabora r cborBerno ue gasa nranr npaBa Ha nrcure obpasonaHre. - 6ea.

PeA.

Brseleurde

cTpaHIdUtI, ule ocTaHe BiUIIdAHo I/L3a eAt[H AOcTa AbJIbr llpexo-AeH neprdoA, He3aBtr{cr4MoT oT ToBa, AaJII4 IrIe Ce I43BbpIrII4

nJraHrdpar{am peQopvra.5.9esape Cerpe, xofrro rtpbB rlpoqere pbKorlldca,v'rnAaAe

HflKor4 cbBerrd. Mnoro or rtx Bb3tlpfiex, Ho ga HqKoId ocraHaxHa cBoero MHeHrde, TaKa qe rofr ne HocI4 orroBopHocr 3a

xpairnvn pe3yJrrar. Pas6upa ce, 6rarogapq My or cbplle.6. flocaegna sa6enexra. B usroxeHl{ero MId ce roBopl4

KaKTO 3a CTyAeHTr4Te, TaKa r4 3a CTyAeHTKIdre, 3a rlpe[oIaBa-TeJrrdTe, Ho I,I 3a [pe[oIaBareJlKr4Te. Ttfi rato ,rTalrua:PrcrufrTesnr (crrqo KaKro u 6urrapcxvsr - 6en. peg.) He pa3roJlarac HeyrpaJrHvr u3pasv, o6eAnnsealqu ABara noJla (aMepI{KaH-rlr4Te r{3[oJrsear <[oprraara ,,person", no 6u 6ulo rlynaBo AaroBopI{M 3a ,,Jrtr{Ilero cryAeHT" t[IrIr ,,Ififirero AI,{[IJIOMaHT"),rrle roBopr Brz;aautr za cmydeum, duntortaum, npoQecop, uay-qeH pbKo6odume.t. Ees rasld tpaMarldqecKa xapaKrepvcrvKaAa Hocr 6eresil Ha ceKcI43bM Id AldcKplduunaqus.*

*Haroi Mox(e Aa nonr4Ta, 3alqo roraBa He gbM r,IgnoJl3Biur raro o6ura $opt'ty-nr4poBKa cmydentnrn, npenodaeamettKa vL T. H. 3aqoro pa6orr or Mo-R rreAHaroqxa n usxoxgaru o,r Co6grenras cr{ on[T u cM.trraM, qe raKa e no-go6pe aa us-raga. - 6en. agr.

T2 13

r. KAKBO TTPEACTABJTflBA A'IIJTOMHATAPAEOTA

'I3A KAKBO CJINil4

I. 1. 3aqo tpn6na Aa ce rilrre AIlrIJroMHa pa6orar,r KaKBo rrpelcTaBJrflBa Tfl

,[ranrovruara pa6ora o6utcroneno e pbKorlt{c cbc cpegnaAbJDKI'IHa, Bapllpalqa Mexqy CTo tI tIgIupuCTOTI/IH MaIIIUHO-rrvrcnet crpaHr4rlr4, e xofrTo pbKo[I4c crseHrbr paspa6ornanpo6nevr, ornacsnl ce Ao HafrHara Avrcrilrnilvna, 'lvlvrrorypc rofi N(eJrae Aa 3aBbplura. .[lrnnovtnata pa6ora, cnopeAHarxrrre 3aKoHI.r, e neo6xoguMa, 3a Aa ce 3aBbplrrl4 Kypcbrna o6yrenue. Korato e I{3AbpxGJI ceMecrpl4zururrre r/I3rrvnvr,cryAeHrbr npeAcraBt AlInJIoMHara cu pa6ora npeA KoMII-cvn\ cbctoflIrla ce oT rlpenoAaBarfelIfl, c KofoTo ,rce ilpaBvr"

Ar{nJroMHara paSora il onoHeHTt(Te, Kotrrro r{3Ka3Bar Bb3pa-x(eHr4-fl. Tara ce noJryrraBa wrcKycvIfl,, B KoflTo B3IrMar yr{ac-TWe BcvqKIr r{JIeHoBe Ha KoMllcr{gra. Or vrnegwffa rfa \Ba-Mara Aolcrra1rr4r\v 3a KarrecrBara (wnt HeAocrarblll.rre) Ha

nr4cMenara pa6ora n or cnoco6Hogma Ha KaH[tlrara Aa 3a-II\I4T:14 flO3I4IIUI4T9 CVI KOMI(ClfJffa CI,I CbCTaBfl npeIIeHKa.flpeclurafrKr{ ocBeH ToBa, cpeAHvlfl, yurcx or ceMeslpr{aJl-Ht4Te IdSTLVLTI4., KOMTICIflTa rIpI{CHKAa OIIeHKa Ha A'IIJIOMHa-ra pa6ora, r43KasBa rro3ApaBJreHvs, il ilpaBv npeflopbKa 3a

orrreqartsaHe. lloHe roBa e IrpaBmJloro, cJIeABaHo B noqrT4BclrqKrr tf arynrerr c xyMaHlrrapHa HacoqeHocr.

Begnrxr onucaJrrr rrBbHrrrHlnTe" xapaKTepvctmKl[. Ha

AlrnJroMHara pa6ora fi pvffyaila, c xofiro rfi. ce zarr\vrraBa,Bce oqe He cMe Ka3aJIId HI,IuIo ga HefiHara crqnoct. llpe-AU BCr4qKO 3arrlo yHlrBepCI,rTeTbT rrSVrCKBA KaTO yCJIOBI4e 3a3aBbprrrBaHero Ar{[JroMna pa6ora?

Hera ce r{Ma IrpeABvrE,rre ra3tl HopMa He Ba:KII 3a noBe-qero rIy)KAecrpaHHtI yHuBepcl,fferu. B nsror or rfl( lIMapa3rwrqnvr :rrvBa Ha 3allllrra, Kolrro Morar Aa 6tAat [ocrtlr-

I. 1. 3auo rpr6oa Aa ce [r4rrre Arr[JroMHa pa6ora

narlr 6eg Ar4nJroMHa pa6ora; B Apyrr{ cbulecrByBa eAHo

,,nbpBo HvrBo", gborBercrBalrlo Hafi-o6ulo Ha Halrrara AtI[-JroMHa pa6ora, ToBa Hr{Bo He [aBa flpaBo Ha 3BaHr4ero,rAoK-Top" r4 Mo)r(e Aa 6rAe Aocrr4rHaro 6uno eguncrneHo cbc ce-pvs. rz,silr'r'rrn, 6lrno c [r{cMeHa pa6ora c ro-MaJrKrr npereH-\I[wi B TpeTI{ sbIIIecTByBaT pa3JIIdqHI/L }{eIBa Ha AoKropaHTy-pa, Kor{To r{3r{cKBar rryrcMenr pa6orr c pa3rr4rrHa cJrox-Hocr... O6urcroeeHo rrcruHcKara Baufura [peAcraBJrflBaeAtIH BI4A ,,HarU{T,{nJIoMtr{paHe" - AoKropaHTypa - Ha Ko.gToCe [O[ycKaT caMO OHe3I1t, KoI4To I{MaT HaMepeEvIe Ea Ce pe-arn3upar Karo Ha) {Hlr pa6orHnqlt. Tosff Br{A AoKroparq/paHocr{ pa3Jrr{rrHrl Ha3BaHt[fl, Ho orryK HararbK rrle ro o6oeHa-qaBaMe c eAHo r4HTepHarI'roHaJrHo cbKparrleHr4e, PhD (roe-ro o3HarraBa Philosophy Doctor, Aorcop no QunocoQtrn, noKoero o6osna.raea BceKrd Aoroop Ha xyManr4TapHrlTe :aayKr/r.,

oT corlr4oJrora Ao rrpeno,qaBaTeJur IIo rpbrlKrr; B paMKilTe HaHeXyl!{aHI,ITapHI4Te IIpe4\4eTI4 ce I43nOJI3BaT Apyn4 cbKpaqe-Hr{t Karo HarrprfMep MD, Medicine Doctor).

3naqn rlMaMe ABe pa3rrr4qH]r crerreHrd - o6ilKnoeenaqvrt-JroMHa pa6ora, Ko-trTo AaBa upaBo Ha Brrcrue o6pasoeanre uAolcropcKa Evrceprawrfl' Korro AaBa HafrHara creuen PhD.

,{unnovrara, B cBor4Te pa3rruqHrd Qopvru, HacorrBa KbMyrrpilKH.f,BaHe Ha npoQecrma B x<l4Bora, AoKTopcKara cre-rIeH, HarlporilB, HacoqBa KbM aKaAeMI4rIHa pa6ota, KoeroogHalraBa, qe rofrro 3arrlrrrrr AoKropcKa Ardceprarlurr uoq-TyI BI/IHA|}{ 3aIIotIBa yHI4BepctITeTCKa Kapl(epa.

B yrrnepcr{Terr4Te ro3rr Br4A 3arrlr4Ta e BvrHarr4 AoKrop-cra, PhD, t{ [peAcraBrrflBa opvffwHiurna rl3cJreAoBareJrcKapa6ora, qpes Korro KaHArr[arbr rpx6ea Aa rroKa>Ke, rre e) reH, cloco6eH qa nplrABroKrd HarrpeA Ar{s\unJwruara, HaKorro ce nocBerrlana. ,[efrcrnrrreJrHo rasu pa6ora He ce [pa-Br{, Karo Harrrara AIlrrJroMHa pa6ora, Ha ABaAecer r4 ABe ro-wlHL! a B no-HaIIpeAHaJIa Bb3pacT, [oFUIKOra AZDKe Ha qeTyI-

puAecer vrru \er4ecer roAr{Hrl (nrnperr, ue, pas6rapa ce,vtMau Muoro Mila1vr goKropu). 3aqo roJrKoBa MHoro Bpe-pre? Tluesno 3arrloro craBa Bbnpoc 3a oprdrr,rHaJrHo rr3cJreA-BaHe, 3a Koero orrpeAeJreHo rpa6na Aa ce gHae KaKBo caKa-

14 15

3aJrn no Bbrrpoca Apyfl4Te ) reHr4, HO rrpeAr4 BCr4rrKO e Heo6-xo[r4M]? Aa ce srKpr,re oHoBa, KOeTO ApytrdTe orrle He ca Ka_3aJr[. Koraro ce roBopll 3a ,,crrKptr{Tr{6.;, oco6euo e oOracr_Ta Ha xyr!(aHr,rrapnr4Te HayKrl, HeKa He ce MI4cJIu sa Qynga_MeHTaJrHr4 O'rr<pvrrnA KaTO pa3[aAaHeTO Ha aToMa, reoprxmHA OTHOCI4TEJIHOCTTA VTfiI gA JIEKAPCTBO IIPOTI{B PAKA: r,AOrArAa cbrrlecmyBar r,r cKpoMHr4 arKpvrtvl, Karo 3a iayreu upr_HOC Ce cMtffa eAI{H HOB flpoqrm Ha K[acr4qecKrr TeKgT, OTK_pTT^"T: ll pt{orrr4c, Kofrro lorplx HoBa cBerJrr4Ha Bbpxyorrorpaer4rrra Ha ssrofr aBTop, HoB rrpoqln na npegrnuruawgclrepauvrs., roirro BoAr4 Ao ,,y3pxeau-e.. vt cuneiartosnpa_He Ha vrqeyr, pa3xBbpJurHvr vz pasnmqHrd reKcrose. Brn ste_t<;.zr cttyqafi freHr4nr 1px6na Aa-Harruure rpy[, Koftro apy.rr.WeHrr oir HeroBara pl'acrluwmnane 6urpx6nano ga niaHe6_perBar, 3arrloro Ka3Ba Herqo Hono (cpannr II. 6. 1.).

^

Or cuqr,rx rurr ilu e Harrrara Arannotvrna pa6ora? HeHerrpeMeHHo. Hancrmua, rrit Karo ce nrlrrre Ha Bb3pacrMexly ABaAeceT m EBe r4 ABeAeceT er rcleilnpvr roguHr, go-KaTO BCe oqe ce AbpxaT ceMecTpI4aItHU Vrstrl4Tyr, T, HeMOXe Aa npeAcTaBJUrBa 3aBbprrleK Ha eAr4H npoAbJDKrrTe_JreH r{ ocMficJreH TpyA, AOKa3aTeJrcTBO 3a nbJrHo HarrHocb3prBaH€. Pas6upa ce, cJr) rBa ce \a AoftAar 4rrrodrtrrlpaoorrr (HanpaBeHra or oco6eHo croco6nr cryqenrr),IIpeAcTaBJrrBarrIn vrcTulilcKu AoKropcKr{ AvcepTat\w,'vtApyrr, Korrro He Aocrr4rar roBa H[Bo. Huro nir ynruep-cr4TeTbT ro r43rdcKBa Ha BCqKa rleHa: MOXe Aa ce nannue4o6pa Ar{[JroMHa pabora, Korro Aa npeAcraBJr.rrBa He rdsc_JIeAOBaTeJrcr<il., a KA./nnutamu^eH TpyA.

B egHa Ard[JroMHa pa6ora c rovrrrnrrurraBen xaparoepcryAeHTbr rroKa3Ba, qe e nprrAo1un xpvm,tteH norureA BbpxvcbulecrByBarrlara Jrr,rreparypa (r. e. nrpxy rrylmtxaryuLare n6nupoca) w qe e cnoco6eH-ga , usJroxi flclo rr AosrbrrHo,crpevefrrc,r ce Aa cBbpx(e pagJrrtrrHlrre ilreAHI4 TorIKr,t, npe_aoctassitwr no ro3r4 HaqMH eA[H r4HTeJrr4rermeH o6sop, io_JIe3eH or rHQoprraarr4BHa ilreAna rorrKa, BKnrorMTeJrHo r4 3ayqery( oT Ta3rr clequaJrHosT, KOtr{TO He ca }r3BbprxBiurr{ 3a_gur6ouenr mscrre4Banyrs.Bbpxy ro3r4 qacre" .rpo6rr"nn.

--

1.6

I. Karso npe,qcraBJrrBa Ar{nJroMuara pa6ora 14 3a KaKBo cJr}DKr4 I. 1. 3auo tpx6na Aa ce rrr4rle Ar,rnJroMsa pa6ora

Mraxa, eAHo nbpBo rrpegynpex4e:avo. rtoJffe da ce uan-pa6u utu Ko/ntxuramunHn, ultlt uscaedoeamercKn duntotuuapa6oma; rrJtu ganJvrra Karo 3a ArInJIoMa, vfin 3arrlr{Ta Karo3a AOKrOpcKa Ar4cepTarlr{rr.

Egna uscreAoBareJrcKa pa6ora e Bvrnailr rro-AbJrra,TPYAna rif oTroBopHa; eAHa KoM[r,rJraTrena pa6ora cbuloMo)r(e Aa 6rge rpygHa r{ Abnra (uva xovrnr{Jrarr{BHrl Tpy-AoBe, orHeJril AbJrrr4 roAr{Hrr), Ho o6urnoBeHo Mo>r(e Aa6rge uaupaBeHa B rro-KparKo BpeMe rr c [o-MaJrbK pr{cK.

He e rasaHo, ue Kofrro npaBrd KoMnr{Jrar},rBHa ArrnnoM-Ha pa6ora cvr sarBapfr nbrr KbM u3cJregBaHero; KoMnr{Jra-Ilufl"Ia MO)Ke Aa [peAcTaBJUIBa AoKa3aTeJIcTBo 3a CepIiIO3-Hocr or crpaHa Ha MJra,qus r{3cJreAoBareJr, KoftTo, npeArd

Aa 3anoqHe caMocTo.fiTeJlHo r{3cJreABaHe, vrcKa \a cvr vt3flc-Hu HsKoM ,raert, nogrornafiKr{ AoKyMeHTaJrHara ctt 6asa.

Ha cperqynoJrox(Hr4rr floJuoc ce HaMr4par oHe3r{ pa6oru,Korrro r{Mar trperenr\uil ga 6lgar rr3cJreAoBareJrcKr{, Ho caHanpaBeHr4 npr6rpsano u ca HeKatrecrBeHrl TpyAoBe, KotI-To Apa3Hrr ro3u, Koftro rr qere u:e^rrKaK He npaBflT qecrHa ro3l4, rofrro rI4 ntlrue.

CreAosateruro rs6optr MexAy KoMnr{JrarrrBeH r4 r43cJre-

AOBaTeJrcKrl TpyA e CBbp3aH c HayqHoTo cb3prBaHe il cno-co6nocrure Ha KaHAI4[ara sa pa6ora.rlecro - v 3a cbxeJre-rrne - ToBa e cBbpgaHo I4 c l4KoHoMr,frrecror Qarroptr{, 3arrlo-To e tcHo, qe eAI4H cr%eHT, xofr'ro pa6otr,r, I,IMa IIo-MaJIKoBpeMe, cvltt t4 no-MaJrKo flapv, Kor,fro Aa oTAeJrr4 3a A5JIfl,(,{3cJreABaHrdrr (xorro o6uxnoeeHo rr3}rcKBar 3aKyrryBaHeroHa peAKrd er cKbrrrr, Klvrtw) ftHryBa:aufl go upr6uHa r r. H.).

3a crx<aneHvre,B Ta3r,r KHr4ra He Mora Aa AaBaM cbBerl4or r,rKoHoMvrrrecKvr xapaKTep.,{o neor4aBga r{3cJreAoBa-TeJrcKara pa6ora HaBc.rIKbAe rro cBera 6eure npvrBvrrrervrfl.ua 6orarure. ,[nec cblrlecrByBar MHoro crmrrenar{w vr

Qongone sa o6yreure B qyxgecrpannr/rW BepcllTerl4, HoToBa eABa nrr pa3peuana npo6reMr4Te Har,IcrvrHa 3a Bcr q-ru. Hafr-4o6pvrn BaprraHT e eAHo no-go6pe ycrpoeHo o6-rrlecrBo, B Koero y-reHero Aa 6lge pa6ora, 3aIrJraIrIaHa orAbp)KaBara, B Kosro Aa 6rAe rrJrarrlaHo Ha ro3trr, rofiro

2. Kar ce rrrue AnnrroMHa pa6ora I7

,i

I. Karso npeAcraBJltBa [I4[JIoMHara pa6ota I{ 3a KaKBo cJlyxu

rrMa rrpr{sBa]g:we sa HarreH pa6orHilK u B KO.flTO Aa He e He-

o6xoAtlMo Aa ce [pI4Te)KaBa Ha Bc.nKa rleHa ,,eA]IH Kbc xap-Tvtfl", 3a Aa ce HaMepI,( Mgcro, Aa ce noJr)^rff rIoBI4IrreHtr'Ie,

Aa ce r43[peBapqr ApyfI4Te B KOHKypC.

Ho naruusr yHtlBepcrrer rt o6qecrBoro, qtIIlTo pffiyJrrare rofr 3acera ca roBa, Koero ca. He HtI ocraBa Hr{Iqo lPSo,OCB9H EA CU IION(OJIaOM CTyAOHTI4Te OT BCI'IrIKI4 IIpOCJIOI4KI4

Aa Morar aa ylrar,6es Aa ce noArarar Ha il3JIIlIrrHtI caMo-)KeprBt{ w \a oltcnlrM KaK Aa ce Hanulre Ao6pa At{rIJIoMHapa6ora, cro6paunafiwt ce c BpeMero trr cr'rIrrrre, c Kol4ropa3nonaraMe, KaKro w obc co6crBeHl4t cI{ HafreH ycer.

I. 2. Koro 5n sauurepecyBtura ra3r,r KHI{ra

Aro Heulara croflT TaKa, KaKTo rI4 onl{caxMe, ro rpa6naAa rrpr4eMeM, qe tr{Ma Mlroro cryAeHTI4, npuuydeuu Ea .g.anw-

rrrar 4r,rlrJlovria pa6ota, sa Aa Morar Aa 3aBbplrrar ua6lpsorr Aa noJrfrat Heo6xogllMara t{M AI4rrJroMa,3apagv KoflTo ca

ce 3arrr4caJrr4 B yHI4BepcI{Tera. Haror or re3l4 gryAeHTr{ Aopllca Ha no trerr4puAecer roAI4HIl. CnegonatelHo re3l4 xopa rrler4cKar or rrac cbBert{ KaK Aa Harrlllxar 4r,rITJIoMHa pa6ora saegrdu MeceIL TaKa qe, norfrasaftKr,L KaKBaro w tra 6wnoorIeHKa, Aa HanycHar yutlBepcllTera (c 4rnnovra n plra)- BTaKbB clyqaft tpx6na Karetopl{tlHo Aa 3aflBIlM, qe ra3t{ KHr,t-

taHe e ga. ftlflx. Axo rosa ca l4gr{cKBaHvIflta, aKo resl4 sIyAeH-TI4 Ca )r(eprBa Ha eAHa rIapaAoKcaJIHa npaBHa cl4creMa, Koq-

To rr{ [pr{H}DKAaBa Ea rbpc.f,T A}IrIJIoMa, 3a Aa pasperrrar 6o-nesHenrare cu Qrnancoeu npo6neMt{, rle e no-go6pe narrbpBo BpeMe Aa HarlpaBflr ABe HeIqa: (1) aa BJIo.)Irar eAHa

rrpr{Jrr,rrrHa cyMa, 3a Ear Mfl.narrntrre nsxofr ApyI'; (2) Aa npe-nr{[rar MnJIoMHa pa6ora, Beqe 3auItITeHa npegl [uIKoJIKoroAr{Hr{ B Apyr yutrBepcl4rer (ue e uerogHo Aa ce [peru{cBaomeqaraH Beqe rpyA, aKo Iqe \a e v Ha qyJKA e3I4K, 3aITIOTO

aKo npenoAaBareJlflr e noHe MaJrKo unQopvllpan, to 6urpa6nano Aa 3Hae 3a cblrlecrByBaHero M$ lro rIbK Aa ce rrpe-nl,Irrre sa Mr,InaHo egna pa6ora, 3arIIr{TeHa e Katanr,ra, e

HeIqO, KOeTO I{Ma BCI4qKr{ IIIaHCOBO [a MI'IH9, II6K I{ IIpenI4C-

I. 2. Koro 6u sauurepecyBaJla ra3l4 KHtra

BaHero Ha ArrnJIoMHa pa6ora npeA[oJlara Bce rIaK lr3Becrrltlr4HTeJreKTya nnvr ycrrlrvfl no nefrnoro Har"rupane).

.flcno e, rre [Bara cbBera, Kordro roKy-uo AaAoxMe, caHuaKoHHu. Heqo Karo Aa ce notBl4lrr paHeH n ,,Etpsa rto-Morrl" r{ aKo reKapqr He IlcKa aa re rlperJleAa, Aa My on-perx HoN( B rbpnoro. I4 n 4nata cilyqafl craBa Bbrlpoc 3a

orqaflrlv geftcryvx. Togr,r ctser 6eure no-cKopo BI4II, 3a AacraHe {cHo, rre Moqra KH[ra HrrMa npereHrll4t{ Aa pa3pe-rrraBa roJIeMI4Te upo6neuu or coqllaireu xapaKTep urvrra-Kr[Ba) CBbp3aHtI cbc cblrlecTByBalrlr{.fl npaBeH peA.

CnegorareJlHo ra3ld KHI4ra ce o6ptrqa rtvr oHsu, rofr-ro (z 6es Aa e MrJIr{oHep vr Ea e vI:l.'aalr Aecer roAI,IHIr Ha

pa3[oJro)KeEt/re, 3a Aa 3aIqI4T]I, CJreA KaTO e [porIbTyBaJIrleJwfl. cut) uvta Bb3Mo)I(Hocr Aa nocBelrlaBa HTIKoJIKoqaca AHeBHo Ha ] reHero v rlcKa Aa rloArorBvr rpy4, xofrroocBeH BcrdlrKo, Aa My AocraBt{ t( onpe[eJleHo I4HTeJreKTya-

JrHo yAoBoJlerBopeHr{e, Kal(ro I4 Aa My Bbplrrll pa6ora w

cJreg ArrrrJroMI{paHero. I4 rofrro, olpeAenun o6evra naco6crnenr,rq clr aHrDKttMeHT KbM npo6neva, nsr 6ru rorlr4 cKpoMeH, r/rcKa Aa cBbpIIrI4 eAHa cepffoeHa pa6ora. Brpaftna cMerKa cept(o3Ho Mo)I(e Aa ce HanpaBvrv eAHa Ko-ileKrJr/rfl. MoAeJIu Ha CTIOpTHil aStoIuIo6vIIrvI: EocTaTbrIHo e

Aa ce onpeAeJu{ IIeJrra na c6rprara,Kpvrrepwvrre sa Kara-norr43arlldr{, ucropvlqecKure ir rpanuqu. Axo ce peilrtI AaHe ce orrrBa orBbA 1-960 r., npeKpacHo, 3alrloro or roraBaHacerHe BcrdqKrr MoAeJrI{ ca HaJrI,Iqe. Bwrtarut qe IlMa pa3-Jrr,rKa Mex,qy rasrr. c6upra u Jlynrpa, Ho BMecro Aa ce [pa-Brr eryr:e ne oco6eHo cepllo3eH vrysefr e no-go6pe Aa ceHarrpaBrl nbJrua KoreKIIt{q or aBToMo6unqera or 1960 ao1970. Toeil rprrepnfr Ba)KvI

'I sa eAHa AtIrIJroMHa pa6ora.

I. 3. Kar MruroMHara pa6ora Mo)Ke la 6rle rloJre3ua r,r

cJreA ro4rlJroMtlpaHeTo

WvraEna HarIIdHa Aa ce Harlldlrre AI4IUroMua pa6ora, rox-To ga cJlyxu{ I4 cJIeA MnJloMrdpaHero. fllpnr/tflt e rt Aa ce[peBbpue B HarIaJIo Ha eAHo no-o6rurpno Id3cneABaHe, Koe-

1918

TO Aa TIpoABJDK'{ I'1 B CJIeABaIqI4Te roAI',tHU, pa36\rpa ce' aKo

cTyAeHTbr I4Ma Bb3MOXHOCT Id XeJIaHre 3a ToBa'"Ho

cruecrByBa I{ BTopIl HarIt{H, upea rofrro eAI{H AupeK-

TOp Ha rypI4CTI4qeCKa aleHIII'ft UIe 6r[e [oArIoMorHaT B CBO-

xri pa6oia \opv v or Qama, qe era3pa6orear AIITIJIoMHa

pa66ra "a

t"ti,ta' ,,Or'@epruo u Jlyuun yo fodeuur4ume"'',[eficrellreJlHo,

Aa ce HaIII4rIre AI4nJIoMHa pa6om o3HaqaBa:

(1) ta ce flpellr3l4pa reMara; (2) ua ce cl6epar Marepr{arlr{

i,jtu.t ".tu; (3) la ce noApeAffr re3l4 Marepr^ailu; (4) ga ce

ugvqw.or nbpBa pbKa" reliara, B cBerJrvlHara ua cl6panu-Te'Mar'ep,tu'i; (5) ga ce npr{Aa'e co6mseH o6mlr Ha Bcr4!I-

Krr npeAXoAHt{ pa3cbx[envfl; (6) aa ce HaIU{ure raKa, rle

rofrro ilere, Aa pas6upa KaIGo vcKa \a Hr'I Ka)Ke aBTopbr I4

npu Heo6xoAl4Mocr Aa e B cbcroqHlre Aa Il3noJI3Ba cbnrl4Te

gOr<yr"renmr, 3a \a IIOA)GaHO TeMaTa oT cBOq IneAHa TOqKa'

CneAosarerHo Harlt{cBaHero Ha At{nJIoMna pa6ora os-

HaqaBa npr{rrBaHe KbM r{3scH{BaHe Ha co6creelFluTe vftrevl

n KbM ubupexaanero Ha MarepnaJla: ToBa e nplrqo6urMeroAoJlorilqecKvr ollur 3a I43RlpIIrBaHero Ha HeIrIo, Koe-

To Aa cJIy)KI4 I{ Ha Apyrtlre. @arnrqecKll He e morKosa

latfin meryrama ua mpyda, /nHozo no-cbwlecmaen e pa6om-

Huflm onum om Hezo. Kofrro e ycntJl Aa ce aprylvleHTl4pa

4o6pe Bbpxy ABere peAaKrII4tI Ha poMaHa ua MaHqsour'r,*

rrle 3r{ae c6ulo tara go6pe ga no46epe Marept{aJlllTe, KoIl-

To rr{e vry rpx6nat I4 3a rypl4crllqecKara aTeHIIl,rlI' Aro ns-roft se.re e uy6nrrynaJl Aecerr,tHa Krvrtrl, To e ycrIflJI Aa

HanpaBn nocJIeAHI4Te AeBeT, SaIIIOTO MaKCI',IMaJIHO e I43-

TIOJI3BAJI O[I,1TA C'{ OT TIBPBATA' KOflTO TTE E 6TIA HI4IIIO

Apyro ocBeH npepa6otra na AunnoMHara vry pa6ora' Ees

onsu l.'{ofr nbpBl{ TpyA He 6t'dx ce Hay{tIJI KaK Aa HarlpaBt

Apyrl,Ire. 7I sa go6po ilrv Jloilro Apyrl4re Bce oqe Hocqr

orrreqalbKa Ha nbpBllx. C nperraero qoBeK HafraBa lroBe-rle Heula, Ho Har{IdHbt, no Kofrto qe pa6orl'{, BI4Halll IlIegaBncvr or HaqIlHa, no rofrro ce e yqI4JI Aa ro npaBtl'

ffiecaHIpo(l785-1873).I4rarrrraHcKllnI{caTeJl,l'Igeolor-ua5op-6ure ga o6eAttseHlte Aa l4rawl.r' PovaHlr wy lodenu4unte e cpe[ Ha]l-tpKtlrenpor3BeAeHHq Ha.rlril[l{aHcKara nr{TeparypHa KJIactrKa' q)ep/uo u Jl}'qua e

ripwrar Bapr4aHT Ha poMaHa - 6en. peg.

20

I. Karso [peAcraBJIqBa [I4nJIoMHara pa6ora u 3a KaKBo cJlyxol I. 3. Kar ArtrrJroMuara pa6ora Aa 6rge troJreeHa

I/Iuarpat, lr{caHero Ha Ar{[JroMHa pa6ora e u rpeurr-poBKa Ha rraMerra. IIIe rlMarrr 4o6pa rraMer Ha crapvrnvr,aKo cr4 r ynpa>KHrBaJr Ha MJraAlrHrd. I/I r'xl.aa 3naqeHr4e

aaJrvr cv fl ynpalrmrBaJr, Har{3ycrnsairKu cbcraBrdre Ha or-6oprre or A rpyna, roe3trr.rrra na Kapuyrvrvrlrvr crrrdcbKa HaplrMcKr{Te uMrreparopr or Orranrau Amycr Ao PouynBenuru. Ho, pas6lrpa ce, ilIoM rrle cr{ TpeHr4paMe rraMer-ra, no-go6pe e Aa y.{nM Herrla, Korrro Hr4 r,rHTepecpar uilurrle Hr4 cJrPKaT: HO rroH.rrKora u rreHeTo Ha HeHyt(HI,( HeIIIae go6pa yMcrBeHa rrrMuacrrrKa. CregonareJrHo, MaKap r,I

Aa e rro-Ao6pe qa ce HarrpaBr{ ArrrrJroMHa pa6ora Ha reMa,KO.rrTO Hr4 XapeCBa, BCe rraK TeMaTa e BTOpOCTerreHHa Crrpfl-Mo MeroAa ua pa6ora u rroJrfreHtrs. otrur,

Koraro ce pa6oru go6pe, HrrMa reMa, Koqro Ea e r'aucrfi-Ha rJrynaBa. Koraro ce pa6orvt go6pe, ce r43BJrr{qar [oJre3H]ISaKrroqeHuq I4 or reMa, Ko.rITo Ha npbB IrorJreA e AiuIerIHarnr neplr$epna. MapKc He e nmcaJr Ar4nnoMHa pa6ora uonoJrr{rurKoHoMvrs., a 3a ABaMa rpbrlru ifunocoipu - Enr4yp ra

,[evrorpur. I/Irona He e rperrrKa. Moxre 6r,r Maprc e 6un ncbcroflHr4e Aa pa3cbxqaBa Bbpxy npo6nevrrre Ha vrctopwfr-Ta rr Ha r4KoHoMr{Kara c go6pe rr3Becrnara cn reoperrlecKaeHepfrrfl rrMeHHo 3arrIOTo ce e Har{}fn Aa pa3cbxqaBa KaT0rpbrlKr{Te Qlrnocoiflr. Wvaftwr Hacperqa cr{ ToJIKoBa MHorocr)Eer{Trr, Kor4ro 3anoqBar c r{3Krrroq[TeJrHo au6uqnosnrTeMrd Bbpxy Mapxc r4 nocJre 3albprrrBar Kapt{epara c}I B

,,JII4.reH cbcraB" Ha roJleMlrre KanvaaJmcrvrqecKl4 [peArIp]I-frrr/r*, ce HaJrara Aa rrpeocMrlcrrvr pas6lrpanufrra crl 3a [oJr-3ATAM aKyarHOCTTa Ha reMara.

I. 4. 9ernpvr flcntr rrpaBr,rJra

TIva uryuav, npv Kouro A[ruroMaur:br rll{ilre pa6otarro reMa, HaJroxeHa My or rrpeflo[aBarena. Crapafrte cega vs1nrYare uoAo6no Herrlo.

Pas6lrpa ce, TyK HsMaMe npeABI4A clrryavre, B Kor{ToAr{rrJroMaHTbr r{cKa cbBer or npeloAaBareJrr. flo-cropoI,IMaMe npeABI4A UJIU OHe3VI CJIYlaI,t, npl,l KOI{TO Bt{HaTa e

2l

L Karso [peAcraBJrflBa AnnJroMHara pa6ora rd 3a KaKBo cJryrs4

Ha npenoAaBareJrr (nux II. 7., ,,KaK Aa r{36erHeM orrac-HOCTTa Aa 6bAeM r3[OJI3BaHr,r OT HarrHylfr. cM pbKoBoArr-TeJI"), r/rlryr olFregtl, B Kouro BI4Hara e Ha AIdnJIoMaHTa, JIt{-IIreH OT I4HTepeC r4 roToB Aa cBbprxr4 3JIe KaKBOTO V \A6lmo, caMo rr caMo Aa ce orbpBe no-6bp3o or Hero.

Hue nrr rqe ce 3aHr4MaeM cbc cJrfraure, B Kor{To cenpeArroJlaraHail[\rveTo Ha Ar4IJIOMaHT, BOAeH OT H'KaKbBI4HTepeC, rr Ha Har{eH psKoBoAr4TeJr, roToB Aa My oKax(exn aru,rQuqupaHa [oMorrl.

B 19er urylafi npaBrurara sa lls6op Ha reMa ca qsrtrpv:1) Tenama da omeoaapa Ha uHmepecume Ha duwtonan-

ma (aa 6rge cmpsaHa c noJro)KeHrrre vr3rrurryr, c HeroBldrenoJrrrTr{qecKr{, KyJrTypnvr v penr4fyrognvr nrsrnegr);

2) Heo1xodu/uume usaopu da 6odam Halnupaert4u, T. €.MaTepr{aJIHo AoCTTOKT4I/II 3A Ar{nJrOMaHTa;

3) Mamepua.uurne da 6dam ,,cr4u.neerwt", T. a. AyxoBHoAOCTTDK|4MT{ 3a AUnJTOMaHTa;

4) MemodorozuqecKntna paluKa Ha u3credlauemo daomeoaapfl na o6pasoeame"/tHomo Hu6o u onuma ua dunno-rUAHmA.

Oopr"rynlrp anrr raKa, Te3u qerrpu rrpaBurr.a r{3rJrex<Aardauallntvt, rr Karo qe Jrr,r MoxeM ga rur o6o6rqr[M c fipaBr{Jro-To ,,Kofrro ucKa Aa rrrlre ArrnJroMHa pa6ora, Aa Harrr{ure ra-KaBa Ar4rurouna pa6ora, KaKBaro e B cbcrormme Ea Harrrl-[re". IL e roqgo raKa, 3arqoro ]rMa cJryrrzM Ha npoBaJreHr,rArrrrJroMur4 pa6oru caMo 3arrloro cryAeHrbr He e MorbJr Aa[ocraBr4 npo6nevra B paMKr{Te Ha r€3r4 xcnvtnpanvna.r

fnanrte, Koldro cJreABar rrle ce onrrar \a Br AaAar rur-Kor4 cbBerr4 c rleJr [I4rrnoMHara pa6ora, Korro rrle Harrr-IrreTe, Aa e Ar4nJrolnrua pa6ora, roaro 3HaeTe KaKvr3aIIIO AaHanr4IIreTe.

1 Moxela Aa Ao6asur"r.ra eAHo nero npaBr4Jro: Ha) {Hrirrr ptKoBoAr,rrer Aa 6rAeTorruo ro3n, xoilro e xai-noAxoAqul. ,{eficrwrrenHo tdMa Ar,rnJroMaHTn, Korfro no-palu cuMnaTtill t4Jil.{ Mbp3eJr r4CKaT Aa nnuraT c npenoAaBaTeJr oT Atrcur4rlJrtrHa,,A" AlrnnoMHa pa6ora no Auc\ulrla*a,,E". Ilpenoaararerqr npr4eMa [opaar{cuMfluttrfl, cyeTa vil4 HeBHUMaHUe, nOCJre He e B CbCTOrHr,re Aa Clegna revara. _OCJI. ABT.

II. I{3FOPbT TIA TEMA

II. 1. Terua Bbpxy cnequQuueH rpo6JreMrmr[ naHopaMHa TeMa

flrproro x(eJraHr{e Ha cryAeHTa e Aa Hanilrue ArdlJroMna pa-6ora, n Ko.rro Aa Kaxe Bcr{rrKo. Hanpruep aKo ce 3aHr{MaBa cJrrffeparypa, rrbpBara My Mr4cbJr e qa rs6epe 3anraBl4ero Jlume-pamypama duec. Aro My KilKar Aa orpaHl{qr{ TeMara, ro ule roHa[paBr{ "raKa; nmartuaHcKama /tumepamypa om Bmopama cee-moaHa 6of4Ha do uteticemme zoduuu.

Tarusa reMrr ca r43Krroqr4reJrno onacHI{. Tosa ca npo6re-MIrt, KOI4TO 3aTpyAHflBaT 3HaqI4TeJIHo IIo-OIII4THI xOpa, a 3agrafrcerrogvrrruar. cryleHT 6rxa ce ilpeBbpHanl{ B Henpeogo-JrrdMo fipenflTcrBue. Cryaenmt qe flpeAcraBlr. trlrrl. ceM[JIor43pex,qaHe Ha rrMeua r{ IrcBecrHtr oqer{Kld, vwt csoft opl4ru-HaJreH rrorJreA Id roraBa ne[s6exHo rqe 6lAe o6erdHeH B Hen-pocrr4Mrr nponycKrd. loreMlaqr cbBpeMeHeH KpI{TIIK,[xan-Qpanro Konruuu ry6rl4KyBa npes 1957 r. rpyga cv ltlmqtua-HcKama tumepamypa npes XIX u D( e. Axo Herosu'ar rpyA6enre grnroMHa pa6ora, rofi HflMaIIre Aa 3aIrII{TtI, Bb[peKI{rle CTaBa BbnpOC 3a qeT[pucTOTI4H CeAelvIAeCeT tI ABe MaIIIU-HonrrcHrr crpaHr{rlr4. I/Isawcrwwa, aBTopbr IIIeue la 6lle o6-Br{HeH n npene6perBaHe IdJIId He[o3HaBaHe Ha IdMeHa, cMf,Ta-HI{ 3a Bo)KHtl, B TOBa qe e IOCB€TI,IJI IIOJII{ ilIaBI{ Ha [tICaTeJIId,

[pI4eMaHtI Karo ,,BTopocrelelrHl46', KaKTo tr{ 3a roBa, qe caMoB KparKrr 6erexxu ca flocorlenr{ aBropl4, oIIeHflBaHI{ Karo

,,nbpBocrerreHHrd". Pas6upa ce, rrfi. Karo craBa Bbnpoc 3ayqeH, I{vruTo rrcTopl4qecKa no[roToBKa tI yceT KbM KpI4TIdKa-

ra ca go6pe [3BecrHr{, BcI4qKr{ pas6paxa, qe ra3l{ He[bJIHoraI,I HelpOnopIIIdoHaJIHocT ca HapoqHo TbpceHu I4 rIe npO[ycKa-Hero Ha [aAeHo r4Me e MHoro no-KpacHopeqffBo oT eAHacrpaHrlrla yHr4rr{oxr4TeJrHa Kpr,rrrlra. Axo rosa o6aqe Halrpa-vfi, e1titn cryAeHT ua gnaficer I{ ABe roAI4Hv., xoit 6n rapanru-paJI' rle 3aA TOBa Ce Kplde HflKaKT,B IIOAT9KCT tI qe [pOIrycKI4-

22 23

II. I4s6oprr Ha reMa

Te 3aMecTBaT Kp[Tr,rrrHrd orIeHKr{ - r4 B Kpa[Ha cMeTKa - qe

lnurce da nuute?flplr gururovHrd pa6cfl{ or ro3r4 rr,rn cryAerrrbr o6n<HoseHo

o6sr,rHsea oqeHrBarr[,rre, qe He ca ro pas6pa-nu. Te o6aqe ue6vxaw Monrrd ga ro pa:6epar. C 4pyrr Ww, o6rqrre reMr{ BI{-Harr4 ca rrcpa3 Ha ropAeJrr4Bocr. He qe rdHreJreKTyaJlHoro [pe-Ar{3BrdKareJrcrBo rpa6na Aa ce orlobpJrrr tro [pI{Hr-Ul[. Moxe Aace Ka)Ke Hanpr,rMep, ue,[arre e HeKaAbpeH [oer. Ho sa Aa roKa>Kerrr, m rpr6nar noHe rpr4cra crpaHr4ufi AgrafrreH aHaJIr3 HaHeroBrrre nporrcBeAeHws. llolo6t*t anaJrngrl. s o6u$,I TeMr{ He

Morar Aa ce ilpaBflT. Ero sarqo e floAxoArrqo cryAeHrbr \av3-6epe no-crpoMHo sarJraBtre, a ue l4matuafloutna ltumepamypaom Btnpama c6emo6Ha eoilua do weficemme zoduuu.

Beguara ule Br4 KilKa Koe 6v 6uno nafi-go6pe: gopw ue Po-ruaHutne ua @euo,tuo,* a Pa3tuvuume pedatL4ttu ua ,,Ilapmu3a-HuHbm ,[trouu". Orer.u,rreruro? Moxe vr taKa Aa e, Ho nbK eno-r4nTepecuo Karo npo6reu sa pa3perrraBaHe.

OcseH Bcr,rqKo Apyro, aKo noMr,rcJrr{Te, ToBa cu e >orrpocr. CnaHopaMHa reMa Bbpxy rr.oeparypara Ha rurKoJrKo [ecerr{Jre-TItr, BvIe ce tI3JIaraTe Ha BcI4rIKtI Bb3MO)KH'{ KptITtIKU I4 Bngpa-)KeHrdr. Koft.uren Ha KoMlrcr4flTa 6u us[rpxaJr Ha r4gKyrxeHr,re-

To Aa rroKarKe, qe [o3HaBa nqrofr [ocpeAcrBeH aBTop, Hecno-Menar or crylleHTa? ,{ocmmuno e BceKr,r or rilreHoBere Ha Ko-lavcwna, pasrprrqafixr cbgbp)KaHr{ero, Aa 3a6erexu no rpldnpofiycKa, r{ perlercillrre rqe yrmrrlo)Kar pa6orara Br4 Karo pa3-xBbpJrrHo r/BpexAaHe Ha rdMeHa. Hanpmm, aKo sry{eHTbT epa6orrn cepr{o3Ho Bbpxy crporo cuequlfrwra reMa, roft <}ar-TuqecKrr pa3noJrara c MaTepr4ilJr, He[o3HaT 3a rro-roJrfMaTaqacr or oHe3r,r, Korrro ro oIIeHtBar. C rosa He Brd noAcKagBaMJreceH HoMep. Hovrep e, Ho KocrBa rpyl. f{pocro ce noJryqaBaTaKa, qe IIdruIoMaHTbr ce npegcraBt Karo ,,eKc[epr" npeg rry6-JItrKa, KOflT0 He e Ha cbrrloTo Hr,rBo, a qoM KaTo e noJloxr{JlToJIKoBa ycwr[A,3a Aa craHe eKc[epr, ro rofi 3ac.rDDKeHo Iqeo6epe nJroAoBere Ha ra3r,r crrrya\ufl,.FOo*ro, s*e ('1922 - 1963). Irrattraucxu rl,rcarerr, quero rBopqecrBo ecBbp3aHo c obracma JlaHrlrre, npoBr{Hq}rr flrevoHr. Teulrre My ocHoBHo ca oraxnt<[aurlrcrxara cbnporr,lBa. Tacno cetpsan c aHrJro-caKcoHcKara KyJnypa. -ben. pe.q.

24

II. 1. Terraa mpxy cnequQuven upo6leu ,rJrrr nauopaMna reMa

Mo44y gnere 4pafruocll4, Ta3vr, Ha r€Mara Bbpxy Jrrfi€pary_paTa Ha HSKOJTKO AeceTr'JreTI4, m TA3r Ha CrpOrO rOuXperr,rSr,r_

!11* pa6ora Bbpxy pa3rrruurne BaprdaHrr,rHa nffioft rpaftrTeKCT, I,rMa MHOro Mex(AnHHn rloJroz<eHl,rr. Karo,u*"^u ,o_)KeM ra rocoquM Jlumepamypuunm Heoanaueapd o* iiarri_me zoduuu unu o1pasrm ni'Jlanzume y lraaier*

" oiiiiri,wM trbK Cxodcmeo u pa3ruKu nexty *pu^o nucamettt 6au_ffncmu: Caauuuo,** Eydsamu*** u iaudbttOi. ;;;;*;"i^;;B?r[K/r mvr cQepara Ha rowr]rre HayKr4, Mo)r(eM Aa Aa,qeM eArrHsbBer, rofiro BiDKrl ga Bcr4qKrr aacpwfirlrr:

Teuara ?eoto?ltfl, Hanpr{Mep, e Muoro o6tga. Bytrcntnaoeus, Kuto qacror reoJrorr4rra, Bce oue 3Bfrr{ TBbpAe o6ryo. Byaranutne Ha Mercuxo MoxeAa 6lAe paspa6oreHa go6pe, uo nou"p*"orr"L. EAno oule no_*or*p""rl3auraBrle 6ll Aosero ,uo pa6ora c no_Bj,rcoKa croiisocr _ I4cmopuarna naIlonoramenemoa (xoino eArln or KonKr4craAopr.rre ua Koprec Beporrno ert3KaqnJr npee 1519 u xoiiro e u3pr4ruaJr cuJruo caMo ryes 1702). Eana oUeno-TrcHa reMa, orHacrula ce Ao rro_KparbK xpouorornqecrur nepl.ro4, 6r.rMoHIa Aa 6rhe Patrdane,no u /t4Hl../uama cnbpm ua lfapurqmtt 1i Zn. OZ.1943 ao 04.03.195r.1

_ 1t 6vx npenopbqaJr [ocJreAHara reMa, [pr4 ycroBrre qeAI4[JIoMaHTbr Ka)I(e BcI{tIKo, Koero Moxe Aa ce KiuKe ga ro3l4npoKJreT ByJrKaH.

_- !-p"0" BpeMe rpr4 MeH lolq. ct14enr, roftro r4cKarrre AaTp1{rryouua pa6ora za Cuneottum 6 c-blpe/aeHHama rnu_ch/t. toBa oellle HeBb3MoxGo. Hafr_uam<oro a3 caMrdrr He3Haex KaKBo 3Harrl{ ,rcffMBor,,: VI naucrwta ToBa e repMIdH,*nasege, Vesaoe (1908 - 1950) Ihatuaucxu nncareJr pearrucr, auruQauucr.F_Tp:11.9 "qqoa'ira

ryjrryp..'- G;. ;;:-'' waBuHuo, AH,qpea Au Krrpnxo, napev'en An6epro (lg9l _ 1g52\.Mvgl,rxaur. xv_,qoxHnK (xa'o 6par clr, csero^s^Ho_r3'"ecn rr" 4ko p,fit;-A.. rtl;,ilj"ri"ilfiilii.Ir:%:,xlffi ?fr?t333vtfr tif,*;ffi i#h#.x;rfc;;;ffi :ryarreH yKrroH. porurdHrr uy ra,iapciitu"iiiiniri-i""p"xMonepHara cBeroBHa

;;*;g:iqt3ft:o (1e08 - teTe) wrannaHcK,,r nr4carerr QaHracr, M,tctuK t'

if;",T;olr",?0"?[.e"3;'r;.{i,i8PJ!:a[t:z{:fttr,yr-AManuata,dModet,

25

II. I4o6oprt Ha reMa

KOI4TO MeHr4 3HaqeHr4eTO Cr4 CrrOpeA aBTOpa, KOT4TO rO yrroTpe-6nya, a rroHrKora y ABaMa aBTop[ MoiKe Aa 3Haqrd nporr,rBoflo-JIo)KHI4 Helqa. flourcnere Bbpxy roBa, qe noA ,,ctIMBoJI" ron4-qwrc u MareMarr4rII4T€ pa36r4par Jrr{ureH}r ofr cMr{cbJr Mgpagv,Kor4ro 3aeMar orrpeAeJreHo Mrrcro c roqHo orrpeAeJreHa $ynr.-III4f, B AaAeHo rrpecMrrrane (raro a v.b uwx uy n a;rre6pwtmr.[-re Qoprurynu), Aoraro Apyfl4 aBropr{ pas6npar rfopvra, nbm{a clporldBofloJror(Hrr 3HarreHtr{r, Karco ce cJTyqBa npr o6pasrreIlotBtBall{r ce HacbH, KoI4To MoraTEa ce oTI{actT 3a AbpBo, IIo-JroB opraH, xeJraur{e 3a pacrex( a r. H. Kax npu roBa rroJro)Ke-Hvre Ea ce Haru{rrre AurrJroMHa pa6om c raKoBa sarraBrae? Er,r

6ruo neo6xoAl{Mo Ea ce anarvt3rdpar BcrtrrKrd 3HaqeHr4r na Ay-Mara ,,cIrMBor" B cbBpeMeHnara KyJrry/pa, Aa ce Hanpar;v crwr-crx, rofrro Aa rlgBagrl HarBe cxoAcrBara r{ paeJiuKrdre, Aa ceBIllt1I AaJr/. IroA pa3irr4Krdr€ He ce Kpr4e eAna o6rqa Qylrgar'aen-Ta{Ha KoHqeruVrr, [O.rrB.rrBarqa ce flprd BceKrd aBTop ilfipr[Bcfl-Ka Teop'It, Ir. ilalwr Bce naK pa3Jrr4Kr4Te He [paBflT HecbBMecTrr-Mrr pa3$relqaurrre reopr4rd. Hrro egrn cbBpeMeHeH (fl,loco<f,JII4HIBI{CT I[,JrVr rCr'AOaHaJrr4Tr{K He e ycrrflJr I{a HarrpaBr{ TaKbBTpyI no 3aAoBoJU(TereH Haqr4H. Kar roraga Aa ycnee eAr4H r{o-Bor,rgrreqeu yren, rofrro, KoJrKoro u 6rpso Aa ce pa3Br{Ba, rurMasag mp6a cr{ rroBeqe or rrrecr-ceAeM roAuHr4, [peKapaH]r B ce-pr{o3Ho .rereHe? Era vrorsn Aa Ha[paBrd r4r{T€Jt[rereH rrasrrdqeurpyl no raKa ce BpbrrlaMe xrv npo6neMa 3a rrraJrr4aucKaraJlrrreparypa na Kornarul. Or Apyra qpaHa, 6r rurorst Aa Harr-paBr HarrbJrHo opr,rrr{Hailra pa6ora, npene6pern afi<tt ycvruxo,Ka3aHo or Apyrr4re: Ho 3a roBa KoJrKo crropen e noAo6en ns6opIrIe roBopr{M n naparpa<} II. 2. florosopr/Dwe MaJrKo sbc cry-Aerrra, sa Kororo craBa AJMa. Moxeure Hanpr{Mep Aa Harrrfi[ereMa Bbpxy crlMBorra y (Dpo{q r IOnr; upene6pemaftr.;'lrapyw-re My 3Haqenrrfl,t[. cpannanafrxu yuorpe6am My caMo npr{ Tesr4

ABaMa aBTopr4. Vcranosro(Me o6ave, qe rofr He 3Hae HeMcKr4(ua npo6nelaa 3a BJraAeeHero Ha qyrKAr{ €rdrlrd rrle ce BbpHeM Bnaparapa<f II. 5.). Toraea peurrxMe Aa ce crpeM Ha reMaraKou4en4unma 3a cu/nao,4 y lluupc, @pail. u IOue.Tewara rpa6-Barrre Aa anatfl/rgrtpa pa3JIr{Kr{Te Mexly Tpr4 rroHrlTr4rl, o6osnaqa-BauI4 c eAr{H r4 cbrrr repMr{r{ or rprrMa pa3JrruHrr anroplr - Qu-

26

lI. 1. Terraa nspry cneqrQuven npo6lev r4Jur naHopaMHa reMa

JrocoQ, Kpr,rfl4K r{ flcrD(oJror; rpa6naure Aa rroKarKe KaK B MHorocJrr{ar4 ce fioiryrraBaT ABycMr4cJrrflII4, 3arrIOTO HA 9AUHVTA Ce IIp'I-[I4cBa cMl4cbJrbr Ha repMr4Ha cnopeA HarrMHa My Ha 1rnorpe6aor Apyrrdr. Egna uaxpar Ar4rrJroMarrrbr rpx6earue Aa HarpaBrdI43BOArfre Cm, 3A Aa noKDKe AaJrM r MA AIJAJrOrr[Vr Me)Iqy TpuTeegHorzrMenHllrt}ffiT'/,fl. I4 aKO I4Ma, TO KaKBI4 Ca te, 3arateafirrt4. 3a Apyl]rtr aBTopr{, Kor4To no3HaBa, Ho c Kotr{TO, nopa,qil 3atJra-B[ero na pa6orara, He e MorbJr Aa ce 3aHr4Mae. Tara HrmoftrurMa Aa My KDKe, rre He e BeJr npeABr{n aBTopa K, saqoro pa-6orara ce orHacr go X,Y u Z, uttrlo rrbK qe e lqi'rtTtrpanr aBTopa

"I cauo B rIpeBoA, 3arr{oro roBa e crpaHr4rrrro 3ararBaHe, BKJrro-r{eHo KbM 3aKrrOqeHI4eTO, AOKaTO TeMaTa IdMa npeTeHWI[ Aaamaltugvrpanogpo6no lr B oprdn{HaJr caMo rpr4Mara aBTopIr, rro-coqeHld B 3ailIaBI4eTO.

Ero rar eAHa nanopaMHa reMa, 6es 4a ce rpeBbpHe Bcrporo rvronorpaQuqHa, Mox(e Aa ce pegyrlr4pa Ao rurKaKBoCpeAHO IIOJIO)I(9HI{O, flp}IeMJII4BO 3a BCI{[IKI,I.

Hera 6l4e tcHo, rre repMldHbr ,,vrouorpaQvr'ter" Mo)I(e AarlMa no-urrlpoKo or ryK rr3[oJr3BaHoro 3HarreHrde. Monorpa-Qunra, ToBa e pa6ora rro rorrHo orrpegeneH upo6levr rd KaroTaKaBa e o6parnoro Ha,?rlcropvrfl. Ha...", Ha yue6Hnqwe, HaeHrl[KJrone Artrwrc. Monorpatflrvua e Harrpr{Mep reMara : Arc -?oputtHuam c6flm Ha cpeduoaer<onuama rumepamypa.B nes ceaHalrrl3r{put MHoro aBTopvt, Ho caMo oT orrpeAeJreHa DreAHarorrKa, Qorycrpana Bbpxy orpeAeJreH npo6nevr (r. e. nrpxyxI{rror$ara, orpa3eHa B 3arnaBl4ero Ha npldMepa, 6asrpanB6pxy rd3cJreABaue na 6auru rdnrr [apaAoKcrd or poAa Ha: pr{-6r,rte ner.flr u: ue6ero, rrrrdrlr{Te [Jrysar B Mopero r r. n.). Axoce HanpaBrd go6pe, To3u rpyA 6u ce npeBbpHaJr B orJrr{qHavronorpailun.3a ga crane rosa o6a.re, e neo6xogrdMo Aa cenoguaBar Bcl,r.uKrr aBToprl, Kor{To ca pa6orrlr4 tro reMara,BKJrrorrrrreJrHo r re3tr{, 3a Korrro nurofi He cr{ cnoMna. B rpafr-Ha cMerKa ra3rd reMa 6uxve [pr4qffcrr{rrd KbM vronorpa(flru-Ho-[aHopaMHnre, Tff e r4 MHoro rpylna - rd3r{cKBa 6esrpaftnorrereHe. Bce nar aKo x(eJraHr{ero Aa ce rrr4rue no Bbflpoca eHerlpeogoJvrMo, To 6lr cregnaro reMara Aa ce noorpanrt..tvtnprrMepHo raxa: AlezoputlHu.ffi caflm Ha KapoJxuHzcKume no-

27

II. I4s6oprt Ha reMa II.2. llcropuuecKa tilrvt reoperrrqta reMa

perr4qeH r4lrr{ eKc[epr{MerrraJreH xapaKrep. Tlrraa o6a.re r4 \pwAr4crry{rrJrr4Hl4, KaT0 <fUnOCOQr,ra, cor_udoJron4Jr, LyJrrypHa allTpo-rroJrorwr, egTsTr4Ka, <pldnoco(fur Ha [paBoTo, rreAarorr4Ka r4Jrr4

MexqyHapo[Ho rrpaBo, Kor4To no3BoJrfBaT rd36op MexAy ABaraBLqa r€Mr{. Teoperr.urara reMa e raKaBa reMa, KoflTo cI{ [oc-TaBfl 3a 3aAarra Aa pa3pa6oTrr AaAeH a6ffpar(teH upoonervr, rofi-To noBerre r4Jrrd rro-MaJrKo Mox(e ila e 6wr seqe o6eKT Ha HeqmdIpyfl4 pa3cbx{AeHr4fl: cbrrs{ocrTa Ha qoBerrrKara [prpoAa, Iloru-Tl4ero ,,cBo6oAa", [peAcraBara sa coqr,ranHa QyHrqllx, cbrrlecr-ByBanero na Eor, reHerr4rrHrlqr rog. Tara QopvrylrpaFn, "resrtrTeMI,I MOMeHTaJIHO [peAId3BIdKBaT yCMI4BKa y \tmaiTeilfl., nopanl4acovJ ar\wna c ro3r4 noAxoA, rofrro lpaurrul Haprdr{ane ,,Kpar-rr 6erexxu Bbpxy cbrrlHocrra na Bcenenara". Brnperra ronapeAr4rla 6greNlmr vtilcltynelrrl. ca ce 3aHr4MaBaJwI c rqx. Pasrff-KaTa e B TOBa, qe c HtKoI4 I{3KJIIOrreHI4fl, Te)il{I4Te KHr.Itrd Ca pe-3yJrTar oT MHoro AeceTr,$re,ra'., npeKapaHu B pa3cblqeHr4r.

B rnagata Ha eAI,rH cr14ellT, c raKa urv. vrnaqe orpaHrueuHafreH orrtrrr, Te3rd reMrr Morar Aa rropoArr ABe perxeHr{r. flrp-noro (roero e He roJrKoBa rparruno)BoArd Ao arrzDKr,rpanero cTaKbB Tr{rr reMa, roirro B rrpeArrrrrHrdr rraparpaQ uaperoxrnle,,[aHopaMeH". Hanpuuep anilJrr43r{pare npo6leMa 3a corlr4aJr-nara (fynxqr,rr, Ho y onpeAeJreHLr aBTopr4. B rosa orHorrreHlreBilKar Beqe HanpaBeHr{Te na6lrcgemu.

Broporo pelrreHrde e no-o6esnoKotr{TeJrHo, 3auloro Ardrriro-MaHTbT [peA[OJrara, qe e B cbcToflHrde Aa pa3peruf Ha ]urKoJI-Ko qpaHrlrlu npo6neua 3a cbrrlecrByBaHero na Eora vrv saTorrHoro onpeAeJreHrde Ha rrorurrr4ero ,,cuo6oga". Morr co6cr-BeH orrr4T noKagBa, qe cryAenTff , ms6pwureMrd or ro3r 8rry,, rril-[rar Br4Harr{ I43KJrrorrldrem{o KparKrd ArI[JroMHr{ pa6orlr, 6e:[pr4eMJrr4Ba BbrperrrHa crpyrffypa r4 [pr4Jrmarqr4 rroBeqe Ha Jrrd-

pwrut fioeMtr{, orKoJrKoro Ha Ha} {Hrl Tp}AoBe. I4 roraro nrg-pa3rBaTe Ha Ar4[JroMarrra, qe TpyIbT Nry e e [peKaJreHo cy-6exrrueu, Heo[peAeJren, 6eslfopnaeu, Jrr4[ren or ucropuorpaQ-cKrl rrocoqBanvfl, rr r\rnarw, roilt sv ortoBapfl, qe He e 6un pas-6pan u qe HeroBara AIdrIJroMHa pa6ora e MHoro [o-cMr4cJreHaor MHoro gpyrr{, npeAcraBJrrsarq[ 6aHarril4 KoMrrr{Jrar{4r{.Moxe r{ TaKa Aa e, Ho orrle BeAHbx orrr{Tbr noKagBa, qe o6[K-

29

emu.Taxa [oJlero Ha gefrcrnue craBa rlo-TflcHo, urgflclflBa ceKaKBo rpa6na Aa ce BKJrroqIr r{ KaKBo Aa ce rrgocraBr4.

Pas6llpa ce, rraHopaMHara reMa e no-[peAr{3BrrKareJrHa,3aqoTo, ocBeH BCr.{rrKO Apyro, r{3rJrexAa AocaAHo Aa ce 3aHr4_MaBaru eAHa, ABe I,IJII{ tIOBeqe |OAI{HU BCe C 9AI4H Id CbIIII4 aB-rop. I4rraafrre [peAB]rA o6aue, qe ru,rcaHero Ha crporo MoHor-palprvna reua lrso6ulo He o3HaqaBa r{3nycKaHe o^r oqr na o6-rrlara Kaprr{ua. fia Hanr{[rere reMa Bbpxy npo3ara ua Oeno-Jrrdo, HarrprrMep, o3HarraBa [a r{Mare npegcraBa sa Qona, naxol,rro ce pa3Br4Ba qeficrnr,rero - :|4'IarvrancKr/rffpeafirwsbM - Aacre qeJrr4 llaeese uma Bmopl,rHtr{,* KaKTo w_aa ce nordHTepe-cyBare or aMeprdKagcKr4Te aBTopr{, Kor4To (Desoluo e qersrr4 npeBe>r(Aan. ,{ageu aBrop MoN(e Aa 6rAe pas6paH r4 npeAc-TaBeH caMo B o[peAeJreH KoHTeKcr. Egno e o6a.re Aa r43noJr_3Bare [auoplMara raro Qon, Apyro e Ia npaBr{Te uaHopaM_Ha Kaprrrna. E4no eAaHapvcyBare qoBeK na Qona na nlauu-Ha c peKa, Apyro e Aa prrcyBaTe [oJreTa, AoJurHrd w pewt.3aBroporo rpa6na Aa cMel{rlTe rexHl,IKara r,rJrrd KaKTo Ka3BarQororpaQure - <porqyca. TprrnafiKrr or eArdH-eAr4HcrBeH aB-rop e AorycurMo naHopaMara [a 6tAe MaJrKo He Ha (foryc,HerrbJrHa r4 nocTaBeHa Ha BTOpO MrrCTO.

B saKrroqeHrae ganoMuere ro3r4 ocHoBeH rrpr{Hrlr4n: KorKa-mo noaeqe ce cmect+flna-pa1omuomo nole, mo"/u(oga no-do6pe uno-cuq)pHo ce pa6omu. Monorpa(flrunara reMa e 3a rpeArrorrrd-TaHe npeA flauopaMrrara. flo-go6pe e reMara rroBeqe Aa [prd_Irwra Ha cryAvtfl, orKoJlKoro Ha r{cropldfi vrJII| Ha eHrlIdKJIo[eAI{t.

II. 2. VlctopuqecKa r,rJrr reoperr,tqna reMa

_ - Tosr lrs6op e Bb3Mo)rcH caMo B onpeAeJreHrl ilucrp[rrrmlvr.I/Llaawrlrnna, aKo B Avrcrlrmrlrrrnrraro ucropux Ha MareMarr4Ka-ra, poMarrcKa Qrurononm wtw rrcropt[AHa HeMcKara rrdTepary-pa reMara Mo)Ke la 6rge eAr4HcrtseHo r,rcropruecKa, To B Hayq_Hrr o6racrfl Karo apxrmerff]?a,.qqpeHa <fllsura r4Jrrl cpaBHr4r€Jr-Ha auaroMr4r o6rffinoseHo ce [paBtrr ruannornrus,r pa6brr c reo-

[fr[[@y-q (l?0g - 1966). wr.anuaHcKr4 rrncarerr pear^er c noAqepraHocoql{aJrHa Hacor{eHoct. 6en. peg.

28

II. I4s6oprt Ha reMa

HOBeHO TaKbB OTTOBOp Ce AaBa oT ArrnJroMarrT c o6rprarurr{{ielr.l [rlltrleH or Ha) rHa cKpoMHocr I,f or cnoco6Hocr 3a KoNry-HI,IKaIIr4.rr. Karso rpa6na Aa ce pa36r4pa noA ,,HayrrHa cKpoM-nocr" (roaro He e KaqecrBo naina6ure, a Harrporr{r, Ha rop-Elrre xaparoepr) rue KDKeM slly'.2. 4.Pas6vryace, ne vroxe gaCe I{3KJIIOqI{ Id BepOtTHOCTTa ArdnIOMarrTbT Aa ce OKAKe rel/lt'titI{ eABa na geafrcer rd ABe roAr4Hr Aa e pas6pa.n BcrdrrKo. W rtexa6rge acno, qe Ka3BaM rosa 6es vryowdr.. Bc-e uar Qarr e, qe Ko-raro Ha 3eMrrra ce fiorBrd reuvfrt or ro3r4 paHr, HeroBrtflt rpq6raea qereH rt ocl.rrvrcJnt:a B [po[bJDKeHrre Ha AbJrrrd to1ttnw,npeav Aa ce c)<nane Berurqffero vry. Kar Moxe Aa ce oqaKBa oreAHa KoMrdcvt*,Kofrto npeqelurBa He eAHa u gee pa6our, Be[r{a-ra ga pas6epe BeJrrdrlr{ero Ha ro3rd cavroren yu?

Hera o6a.{e paspa6oruvr )slnore:ara, qe cr)EeHTtT e cxBa-nar Hqxoft BDKeH npo6neu: mfi raro Hrdrrlo He ce paxqa orHr{rrloro, ro ra rofr qe e HarrpaBrdJr cBorrre pa3cbxAeHrrfl noABrr{.flHuero na nsrofr [pyr. Hera roraBa Aa [poMeur{ cBoflraTeMa oT TeopeTl4tma B r4cTop(qecKa, T. e. Aa aHaJrrd3r4pa Henpo6levra sa 6rmuero, fiorurrrtero ,,cBo6oga" rura npegcranam3a coqr{aJrHo geircrsuq a qa paspa6orrr reMr4 xaro: Ilpo6.,te/nbmsa fiumuento y paHHufl Xaildezep, Cxaau4auemo sa-cao1oda yKaum vnu Kon4en4utuna 3a co4uanHo deilrmeue e mpydoeemeua lfapcouc. Tara aKo cryEeHrbr r4Ma oprrildHalrmrrrtryew,Te rqeBrqflT 6qr cs.flr rd B cbrrograBKara c aa1ewrr aBTop. Morar qace KDKar MHoro HoBr{ Herqa orrrocHo cno6ogara, uzyuayaixvHaquu4 no rofiro nfirofr Apyr e roBoprdJr 3a Her. Aro rmr rol-KoBa HacroflBa, To HeKa roBa, Koero 6w6vlo reoperrdrma reMaAa ce flpeBbpr{e B 3aKJrrorrrfreJrHa ilraBa Ha HeroBaTa r4cToprd-qecKa paspa6orra. Pesylramr qe 6lge ro3[, qe Bcr4rrKr4 rrleMOraT Aa npoBeptT Ka3aHoTO OT HerO, 32rrIOTO, CbOTHeCeHr4KbM IIpeAIdIIIeH aBTop, fiOwrTtrfltA,3a KOTTTO CTaBa Aylvra u1e 6r-Aar AocrblHu, rtit Karo ca ny6nlrryranu. Tpygno e Aa ce ABr{-xc4ru ns rrpasur{ npocrpaHcrBavr.Aa 3arotruetrr ab initio. Heo6-xoArlMo e Aa HaMepI{u oflopHa rorrKa, oco6eno 3a raKr4Ba Mbr-lrnr npo6leMr4 Karo npeAcraBrlre sa 6r.ffrdero mrr3acno6oga-m. lopu r4 3a reHr{rrre, r nafr-Beue.3a rflq He e yur43r{TeJruo AarpbrHar or Herrlrr qDKAr{ trporrsBegeHnq. OcseH ToBa Aa ce o6-

Il. 2.I/Icropr'ruecna r rrr4 r€operr,rqna reMa

JrerHeru Ha HrKor4 rrpeAr{rueH aBrop He o3HaqaBa Aa ro 0e--rur43r{pa[r, ga ro 6orotnopr4[r, Aa ce KbJrueur B [yrvoffe My;MOX(e r4 Aa TpbrHerrr oT AaAeH aBTOp r4MeHHO 3a Aa [OKilKerrrHeroBrdre rperrrKrr r{ rpaHr4rlrd Ha KoMrrererrrrrocr. lI nrnpercaroea rofr Trtr uryafir Karo ouopna roqKa.

CpegnonexoBHr4Te xopa, Korrro ca r4MaJrr4 [per(aJreH pac-neKT KbM aHTr4qHr4Te aBTOpI4 Ka3BaJIr{, qe cbBpeMeHHIdIIIdTer{M, MaKap rd B cpaBHeHr,re c ApeBHrdTe Aa ca ,,gxq4q)KeTa..,ont'tpai:n<vt ce Ha rflx ce [peBpbrrlaJrr4 B ,,Axyq]r(era Ha paMe-HCTE HA IT'IIAHTI/L,, I{ CJIEAOBATEJIHO BIDKAAJII{ OTBbA CBOI{TErrpeAruecTBeHr{qr4.

Bcnrrrd resff Ha6rro\eHyrfl, He BiuKar 3a flpr{Jro)rur{Te r4 eKc-nepr,rMerrriurHuArrcl,\r wfitrnr. Aro r:pa6ra Aa nr4[rere Ar4rrJroM-ua pa6ora rro flcrlxoJrorTrrr, ro l,ls6optr Br{ He e Mex4y llpodrc-/ubm 1a ?b3npunmuemo y lruatre a llpo1rcnrm 3a Twnpunmu-emo (yrnpeKr4 qe nsroft ne6naropasyrwstqx 6vt [or{cKaJr Aa ce3aeMe r4MeHHO C TaKaBa OnacHa rervra). Tyr amepnaTnBaTalFrardcropr4qecKara reMa e no-cKopo eKclepr4MerilaJrHara: Bwnpu-elnaHemo Ha 4semo6eme om zwa crcnu de4a. B crrynraa cranaBbrrpoc 3a Apyro, 3arrloro r4Mare npaBoro ga paspa6orure noeKcrrepr{MeFnaJreH rrbT AaIeH BbIIpOC, cTrdra Aa [pr4Te)i€BaTeMero.A Ha rGcJreABaHe, Aa Mo)Kgre ga pa6onzre B noryoryrrlrrycnoBrlrr rr c r{DKHoro clgefrcrnue. ,{a, no equn go6tp freH He6u gano.ura;r Aa rrcyiraBa Houwv peaKlr4r{ 6es upegu iosa la enogrorBrr.[ naHopaMen rp14 (nponepKa Ha Beqe rrcBbprrreHr,rrev3clrep.Baernt rro Bbnpoca), saqoro B rrporr,rBeH cnyqs; prlcKy-Ba Aa orKpr{e Auepm<a, Aa AoK{DKe Herqo, Koero organna e o6-cToIdHo apryMelilr4paHo rfirrl. rrbK Aa [pr4noKr4 IoKa3aJrr4 Hecbc-TOTTeJTHOCTTa Cr4 MeTOAT{ (rvrarap vrea]fflaHoBa [poBepKa Ha He-AOKa3aJr KaqecTBaTa Cr4 MeTOA CbrrIO Aa e floIxoAflrrla 3a r{3-cJreABaHe revra). CregoearerHo, TeMa c eKc[epr{MeuTaJreH xa-pamep He Mox(e ga 6rge HanpaBena B Kbrrlr{, Hr4To rrr,K Mero-Abr Mo)Ke Aa 6lge r43Mr4cneH or Hr{rrloro. Ero qe rd ryK BDKrrrrpr{Hr[{rrbr, cfopeA rofrro, aKo crd eAHo r4HTeJrr{tenrxo ruKy-Ax(e e uo-go6pe Aa cKorrrdilr Ha paMoro na nxrofr rr{raHT, Aopr4Ha no-MbHr{rrbK rr4raHT tr{Jrr{ rrbK Ha Apyro A>r}rANre. llo-xtcnoBIdHarr{ IIIe r4Ma BpeMe Aa npoAbJDKr{rrr r4 caM HanpeA.

3130

IL l4s6oprr Ha reMa

II. 3. Kru Mr{HaJroro r,rJrr,r KbM cbBpeMenHocrraAa 6bAe opr{eHTr.{paHa Harrrara reMa

,[a ce rd3rrpaBr4M npeq Ta3rr MJreMa e Karo Aa pa3[irJrr{MApeBHr4s querelle des anciens et des modemes*. B Muoro clerlr4a-JrHocrr{ rosu lc6op He cbrrlecrByea (nrnpercr qe B eAHa Ar4[-JroMHa pa6ora rro r{cropr4r Ha Jrarr4HcKara Jr{reparypa Mo)Ke Aace aHaJII,I3I{pa KaKro Xoparg,rft, TaKavr cbcroflHr{ero Ha rGcJreA-BaHvnffa Bbpxy HeroBr4re rpyAoBe npff rocJreAHrre ABe Aecel]u-nerrx). Or apyra crpaHa, Jrou4qHo e Aa rurMare rosr,r ras6op, aroce Ar4rrJroMr4pare no vercprffl Ha cbBpeMeHHara Jrr4repaTypa.

Bce nar He ca pelKI{ cJr} rar{Te, Kotaro cryAeHTbr, Bbflpe-Kr4 CbBeTa HA HAyIHUfl, Cr,{ pSKOBOAT{TeJr Aa Harrr4[re AilrrJroM-ua pa6ora Bbpxy rurofr noApaKaren na llerpapKa or XVI r.,flpegnoqrlra qa pa6oru Bbp)ry flaneae, Eacauu** vnv Caury-tr{Herr4.*** MHoro qecro l,ts6optr e [oBJIIlflH or Jrr4rrHoronpr43BaHr4e Ha cTyAeHTa r{ roraBa e TpyAHo Ia My Bb3pa3r{rx.9ecro nbrr4 ToBa )KeJraHr4e ce [oparqa or uorperrrHara rrpeA-[ocraBKa, qe cbBpeMeHHr4Te aBTopr{ ca no-JrecHr{ u no-sa6ae-HI,I OT TexHI4Te IIpeAU9CTBOHI4III4.

Hera eeguara notcHr4M, rlre cwpe.,lteHHum.e anmopu BuHaeuca no-ntpyduu sa pa6oma. Bapno e, ue obr,rxHoBeHo 6r6auorpa-Qwnra c rrocBereuv Ha wrx rp]AoBe e c no-MaJrbr o6eu, ueBCI{qKI4Te r{M TeKCTOBe Ca iIeCHO AOCTb[HI4 I4 qe nbpBaTa qacTor pa6omra Mo)Ke Aa 6bAe r43BbprueHa na 6pera na vropero C

nqrofr xy6an povraH B pbKa. ,{a, no aKo rleJrra Brr e npocro AaHanr,r[rere eArra cKillrbrreHa orryr(-orraM ArdrrJroMHa pa6ora, Topa3roBopbr Hrr rrpr4KJrrorrBa ryK (a rrpr4 xeJraHr{e Mo}rcTe Aa Ha-lrlrrrere orrde ,,no-cKaJrbneHa" pa6ora Bbpxy [oApiDKareJrfl Hallerpapra or XW n.). Aro rrbK r4cKare Aa KDKere Herrlo HoBo,To rr{e pas6epere, rre 3a [o-craprrfl TeKcr cbrrlecrByBar noHe H.rr-

-C""p ra*Iy ApeBHr4Te r4 AHeruHrme xopa-(Qp). I4spastr npor43Jtr43a our3Becr-

*V,iflTfgl|Soi"oo' pa3roptn ce sbs (DpaHqHn npe3 Bropara rorloBnHa Ha

] ]6acanr, .{xopgxo (1916).-VhamaHcKu nucarerr. - 6en. peg.***CauryuHerrr, En4rpao (1930).lhatuaHcKr4 noer r,r poMaHt4cr, npeAcraBr{TerHa HeoaBaHrapla. - oeJr. pe[.

32

II. 3. Ktv MnuaJroro lrJrrr KbM ctBpeMeuHocrra

KaKBI4 Thm(yBaHr{r, AOKaTO 3a HOBr,me aBTOpn MHeHr{rTa Ca BCe

oIIIe HeCIdCTeMaTI43I4paHI4 I4 IIpOTI{BOpeqMBIt\ 3aIIIOTO cnOco6-HOcTTa HM \a rI4 OIIeTIBaMe KptITI/ttIHO e IO-M{IJIKa nopa[I4IlJlrtcaTa Ha Ar4cTaHrlr{r r4 TaKa Bcr.{rrKo cTaBa [o-TpyAHo.

6es crMHeune pa6orara Bbpxy aBTop orrrpeArt rurKoJrKoBeKa HaJrara [o-TpyloeMbK nporrr{T, [o-BHr{MareJIHo 6u6mror-paQcro Ar{peHe (no rrrr 3anraBr{rrra He ca roJrKoBa pa3xBbpJrfl-HI4 tIO pa3Hr4 MeCTa r4 OCBeH TOBa Beqe CbqeCTByBaT [bJrHr,r6u6m,rorpaQcru orurcra); aKo rrbK pas6upare Ar4rrJroMr{ara cr4

pa6ora Karo noAxoAsnl cny.rafr Aa Hafrrdre KaK ce rmBbprlrBaI,I3cJIeABaHe, ro rvrafrre npeABr{A, rre ApeBHr4Te aBToprd Br4 rrpe-

locTaBflT Bb3MO)KHOCI'Ta Aa Harrr4Te IIOBeqe Herqa.flpu noroxeHr4e qe cryAeHT'br e perrmJr Aa ce 3aHr4MaBa B

6tAerqe c Kprr[,rKa Ha MoAepHara rrfreparypa, Ar{rrJroMnara Mypa6om ce flBflBa r4 rrocJreAeH ruaHc 3a Hero Aa ce nororrrd B ar-rnrocQepara Ha no-cTapaTa Jrr4repaTyp a v TaKa Aa TpeHrdpa cBotBKyc r4 cnoco6nocr ga r{ereHe.

Tara qe He 614 6lrno sre [a ce onon3orBoprr ra3r4 nocJregHaBb3Mo)r(Hocr. Muoro or 6erexrarnre rrncarerrv. Ha HarrreroBpeMe, Aopr{ r{ Te3r4, npeAcTaBJr.rrBarqrr Jrr{TepaTypHr4fi aBaHrapA,He ca nr/rcatrvAr4nJroMHr{ pa6oTr4 Bbpxy Mostare'urv flaywg, aBbpxy,[arrre u Oocroro. Pa:6upa ce, He cbrr{ecrByBar v3pwr,-HId npaBldna: eAr{H Ao6bp rr3cJreAoBareJr Moxe,ua r{3Bbprrrrd rdc-

ToplrqecKl4 ttrM crvtrtl'rLcrlzlreH aHaJrrr3 Bbpry nsrofr cbBpeMeHeHaBTop cbc cblrlara rrpoHr4rlar€JrHocr rd Qurororr,ruecKa rorl-Hocr, c KaKBrrro ce pa6orr4 Bbpry rurKoft ApeBeH aBTop.

OcseH ToBa pasrurexlaHr4flr npo6JreM [poMeHr xapaKrepacr[.8 gaBvcrrMocr or cneqr{aJrnocrra. Moxe 6n s o6racrra Ha

QrnocoQlura eAHa reMa Bbpxy Xycepn nocraBfl noBeqenpo6neuu, orKoJrKoro cxoAHa reMa Bbpxy,[erapr r4 TaKa cb-orHolrreHl4ero Me)Iqy ,JIecHo" Id ,,qer[BHo" ce o6prrqa Hao-naKld: [o-JrecHo ce qere flacKaJr, orKoJrKoro KapHan.

llopagr roBa eAr4HcrBeHrdrr cbBer, rofrto qyBcrBaM, qe

Havrcrvna Mora Aa Brd AaM e'. pa1omeme 6bpxy tnodepuom,r<nmo qe tu e dpeeuo u 6bpry dpeenomo Kamo Lte tu e /nodep-uo.Tara ule ce ga6aerssare rroBeqe rr qe Hanr4rrrere no-ce-pr{o3Ho ArdrrJroMHara cr4 pa6ora.

3. Kax ce rr,rue [un-rroMHa pa6ora 33

II. Tls6oprr Ha reMa

II. 4. Konro BpeMe HI,I e Heo6xoruMo, 3a Aa HanI{[IeMAr{rrJroMHara cn pa6ora

Hera ro KuDKeM BeAHara: He nole4e om mpu eoduuu u He no'lwatKo om uteon /t4ece4a. He noee,ae om mpu zoduuu,salrloToaKo 3a rpr4 foAI4HI{ TpyA He Cre ycneJII4 Aa oqepTaeTe rpaHl{ry{-re Ha Barrrara reMa rd Aa HaMepIlTe ueo6xoguMr{Te Marepl4a;Itr,TOBa MOX(e Ia O3HarraBa TOqHO Tpt{ Helqa:

1) ue cre uz6pattw reMa HaA Bb3Mo)KoHoc'rvrre cv;2) ue ywe cre or oHe3I4 xopa, KoI{To HIdKora He ce 3aAoBo-

JrrBar c rrocrrdrHaroro r4 pa6our Bbpxy AI4nJIoMHara cil pa-6ora s [poAbJDKeHvre Ha geafrcet roAI4Ht{, [oKaro eAIdH yMeJI

yreH rpr6na Aa 6rAe cnoco6eu aa cv rocraBt rpaHI4III,I,

BKIIOIII4TCIHO TCCHI4, I4 AA fIPI{BETE HEIqO B OKOIIIIATEJIEH

nvg,6es Aa rr3Jrr{3a or rsx;3) ue e 3anoqHaJla HeBpo3ara or [I4caHero Ha [I4rIJroMHa-

ra pa6ora, Kotro Il3ocraBflTe, rIocJIe orHoBo rloAeMare, qyBc-

TBaTe Ce HepeaiItI3I4paHI4, Irtr{Jreere BpeMe 14 cvlilw, Id3rIoJI3Ba-

re q Karo anvt6u 3a MaroAylrrvero ca u n rpafrna cMerKa HId-

KOra HflMa Aa Ce AIdnJIOMI4paTe.He no-natro om ulectn /uece4a,3ailIoro AtllKe lr Aa I4cKare

Aa Harurrrere Herqo, cborBercrBalrlo Ha go6po ny6rnruucrlrvnoece, c He noBeqe or rrrecrAecer craHAaprHl4 crpaHI{I$d, AoKarorzrs) raBare Marepr{aJra, rraMr{pare 6u6morpalf wna, QwnrnpareAoKyN(eErrllE lr otfopvrnre reKcra, rlecrre Meceqa qe MIaHarKaro Mr{r. Pas6upa ce, eailH rro-3pul yrreH IrIe HarIIlIIre c'ryar/E

sa rro-MaJrKo BpeMe: Ho roBa rqe e qoBel! rofiro IrMa sar r6p-6a clr grnru roAI,IHId, flpeKapaHld B qereHe, Quurupane, BoAeHe

sa 6erexrrn, AoKaro cryAeuT'br 3arroqBa or IryJlara.Ecrectneno Koraro roBopldM 3a IIIecr Meceqa I{JIII rptl to-

Arttnvr HflMaMe trpeABrlr BpeMero 3a oKotrlareJlHoro o<fopvra-He Ha pa6orara, Koero, B gaBl4cldMocr or MeroAa Ha pa6ota,

ro3r4 orpr3bK or BpeMe, xofrro o6xeaqa [epl4oAa or paxqa-HeTO Ha nbpBoHarlaJrHaTa vne .3a TeMaTa Ha AI,IIJIOMHATApa-6ora Ao neftnoro [pegaBaHe. Tara qe Mox(ere qa 6tgere cry-

34

II.J. Kolro BpeMe Hrr e neo6xo4r.rvro

genr, rofrro pa6oru cfleqrdaJrHo rro reMara crr B rrpoAbJDKe-Hr4e caMo Ha roAr4Ha, Ho rrbK o6upa [noAoBere Ha rrryem wilpoqr{Tr4, c Kor{To ce e saHr4MaBaJr B npeArdrxHr{Te roArdHrd,6es oqe Aa sHae AoKbAe roqHo rrle crrdrHe.

Cnopeg ues nafr-[o6prlr Bapuar{r e da us6epeme rne-/nama (saeguo cbc cborBerHrdfl Haf{eH pbKoBoAiren) rcnrnKpan Ha smopu tEpc* . Toraea Beqe cre cBr4KHaJrr4 c pa3Jrrrq-HI4Te AI4CIIT4WMHtrI, nO3HaBaTe 3a[aql4Te, TpyAHOCTI{Te, CbC-TOqHI4eTO r4 Ha OHe3I4 OT TtX, q!II{TO VI3[7I4TI4 BI4 npeACTOffT.EguH romoBa paHeH us6op He e Hrrro KoMrrpoMerrrpaq,Hr{To HerrorrpaBrrM. Tofr su AaBa Bb3MoxHocrra orqe rlffJrarogrrHa Aa fiperleHrBare AaJrrd w5eflTa eu e 6vra [orperrrHaI4 Aa rrpoMeHr{Te TeMaTA, HAyqHllA pbKoBoArrTeJr r[Jrrl AiDKecaMara Erlc\rlwrrrna. Mvaftre [peABr4A, rre He e eary6enoBpeMe Aax(e aKo [peKapare eAHa roArrHa n pa6ora no reMaBbpxy rpbr.IKaTa Jrr4TepaTypa, a flocJre npeA[oqeTeTe reMano cbBpeMeHHa r{cTopr{r: noHe rrle cTe Hayluilv. KaK AarloArorBrrre nbpBoHaqaJrHara cu 6v6tworpa$va, KaK Aa<plrurlrpare reKcroBe, KaK Aa Ha[paBrrre peerovre. flounercToBa, Koero Ka3axMe s I. 3.: ArrrrJroMHara pa6ora HegaBncr/r-Mo or nefrnara reMa cJry)Krd npeAr{ Bcr{qKo, 3a Aa ce Haf{r4-Te Aa noApexAare wilevTe cw..

Clegoearenuo, tts6upaitKrr reMara crr.B KpaAHa BTopara ro-AIdHa, pa3rroJraraTe c Tprr JreTa, Kor4ro Aa nocBeTr{Te Ha rd3CJreA-BaH9TO Ctr{, a nbK aKo e Bb3MoxHo - I4 Ha IIbTyBaIJWg IIO Bbn-poca. Ocnen ToBa Moxere ga us6epere raKaBa nporpaMa Ha,43rIr/tf'r4Te crd, KofTo da zu cetpsaa c duruo.,nuama 6u pa6oma..Pa:6upa ce, qe aKo rrr4rrrere Ar4ruroMna pa6ora no ucuxolorra,TpyEHo 6rone MorJrr{ Aa crd noMorHgre 3a Hefl rrpes rr3nrrra rroJrarrdHcKa rr4repar)lpa; Ho B o[pegeJreHr4 ArficrryfirrilHw c Qvno-colfcxr,r rlJrr{ corryroJroil recKrr xapaKrep Moxere ga nog6bperec npe[oAaBaT€JrI4Te CVI TAKJ/ITBA TSKCTOBe, KOr[rO Aa Ca paSJrr4rr-HId OT npelopbrraHaTa Bvr sav3rrrna JrrfrepaT)lpa, Ho 3a cMeTKaHa TOBa BKJIIOTTBaT IIOBeqe MaTeprrilJr IIo Il]ilepecyBantwrc Br[.

Bbnpocr4.

*flpn uerupuro,4rlrxen cpoK Ha o6yvexue. - 6el. pep.

35

II. I4s6oprr Ha reMa

Koraro roBa e Bb3Mo)KHo, 6es Aa ce npr6rrna Ao nceBAo-HA}^IHI{ YCYKBAHI{' V AETUHCKII XI{TPOCTI4, BCEKI4 I{HTEJIITEH-TeH rrperroAaBaTeJr lIIe [peArroqeTe cTyAeHTr4Te My Aa ce rroA-rorBfr MorrdBr4paHvr 3a vl3rlvrra npeA Bapr{aHTa Aa ce rroAror-Bqr Hacr4ra la 6es xeraHrle caMo rd caMo 3a Ea npeoAoJrerrroBa 3aAbJDKr{TeJrHO rlpe[rrcTBr4e.

,[a lrs6epere reMara crl HaKpafl Ha BTopara roAr{Ha, B

xpaftna cMerKa o3HarraBa Ia rdMare BpeMe Ao oKToMBpI4 HaIIETBbPTATA, 3A AA CE AITIJIOMI4PATE B MAEA.JTHI/Ifr CPOX, UUAfi-KtI HA pa3IIOJIOXOHI4€ ABe IIbJIHI,I IOAI4HI{.

Hrrqo He Br4 rtpequ Aa r436epere reMara crd r4 no-paHo.Hlrrqo He Br4 npeqrd ga a rs6epere r no-KbcHo. Bcrqxo o6a-qe Br{ [oATr{KBa Aa He fl ue6lrpare [peKaJreHo KbcHo.

EAsa or flprdrrr{Hrrre 3a roBa e, ue go6para Ar{nJroMHa pa6o-m rpa6ea Aa 6rAe o6crxgana c:r'ayrn:,tfl pbKoBoArdreJr srbnKarro crbflKa, B rpaHr{rlr4Te Ha Bb3Mo)r(Horo. flpu roBa He 3a AaM[TOrOUd3rdpaTe poJUrTa Ha rrperroAaBareJrr, a 3arrloTo Aa Ha-ru{rrrere Ar4[JroMHa pa6ora, e Karo Aa Harrr{luere KHura. Tosa eyrrpilKHer{r{e B KoMyHr{KaTtr{BHocT, [peArroJrararrlo HaJII[qI4eTona ny6mlra: Halqrrr4rrr pbKoBoAr,rreJr e eAr4HcrBeHWff Btr trpu-Mep ga KoMrIereHTHa rryt6nura, roftto IlMare Hacpeqa cr{ [oBpeMe Ha Barrrara pa6om. Bcsra reMa, Hanr.rcaHa B nocJregHr4.rr

MoMeHT, [pr4]ryrKraBa npenoAaBareJnr Aa [pexBbpJrfl na6rpsoorAeJrHrdre rJraBr4 vtlmqopuBetre roroBara pa6ora. Aro nrr sa-YTTHIIIT BI{ PbKOBOAVffEil fl, NPCHIEAA B [OCJIEAH'{' MOMEHT Id HE

e AoBoJrer{ or p$yJrrara, ro roft qe Br{ araKyBa rro BpeMe Ha 3a-rlnrara 14 peyJrrarrrre or roBa uqe 6rqar Herrpr4-firrrrd 3a Bac.II{e 6rgar Henprrrrrrrr rd 3a HafrHrrrfl. Brr' pbKoBoAr4r€r, rofrroHrlKora He 6l,rsa Aa ce [orBqBa Ha 3arrgTa c Ar4[JroMua pa6ora,Ko.flTo He rvry xapecBa: ToBa e flopiDKenrle rd 3a Hero. AKo Hafr-Hr4rT pbKoBoAr4TeJr cMtna) qe AnnIoMaHrbT My He e B cbcTo.[-Hve aa,,3aqe[tr{", ro rpa6ea Aa Nry ro KDKe [o-paHo, Aa ro rro-cbBerBa [a cr4 cMeHI,r reMara uJr,r.p:a nopa6oru oule. Aro srn-peKI4 TOBa AI{mIOMaHTbT CMrrTa I/rrI{ qe HayqHrdqT My pbKOBO-

IrrreJr e Br{HoBeH, vrrvqe upo6levm 3a BpeMero e rBbpAe ce-pr{o3eH 3a Hero, To orr{oBo rrle ce c6rrscxa c prdcKa Ha e4na 6yp-Ha AI{CKyCI4JI, HO IIOHe C

'CI{OTO Cb3HaHI4e 3a TOBa.

IL 4. Koaro BpeMe Hr4 e ueo6xoguvo

Ot scr.rKra resr na6rno4eHr4s Mox(eM Aa 3aKJIrotMM, qe

ArlrrJloMHara pa6ora, Ha[rdcaHa 3a rrrecr Meceqa, MaKap r4 no-MaJrKoro sJro, B HrdKaKbB cJryqafr ue e uafr-qo6punr BaprdaHr(ocnen aKo, KaKTo seqe xaiaxMe, rae6paHara B [ocreqHrdreIIIeC'T Meceqa TeMa He ce flB.rrBa KaTo KpaeH p$yJrTaT Ha rGBbp-rueua B rpe4r4ruHr4l€ roArlHu pa6om).

Bce nar Bb3Mo)KHo e Aa rrMa c[ytafi, B Korrro e neo6xogr-Mo BcrdrrKo Aa ce rd3Bbpum3a Inecr Meceqa. Torasa e HylKr{o Eanog6epere raKbB npo6leu, roftro Mo)r(ere Ea a*aJr svrpare lroAoeroeH r4 cepr4o3eH Hatrr,rH B Tosr{ KparbK cpox. He 6wr.vcxanKa3aHoro I'yKAa ce Bb3npr{eMa Karo eAr4H BI4A ,,croKa", Karo qenpoAaBaMe TeMr4 3a rxecT Meceqa r{ TeMr4 3a Tprr roAr4Hr4 Hapa3JrruHlr rleHr{, cnopeA KJMeETa. Curypno e, qe Mo)r(e Aa ceHanr4rrre go6pa ArdruroMHa pa6ora r4 3a ruecr Meceqa.

WsvtcxsaumflTa 3a eAHa ArrrrJroMHa pa6ora 3a Irrecr Meceqaca cJreAH[Te:

1) rer"rara rpn6na ga 6rge rcHo oqepraHa;2) aro e BbsMo)Krro reMara rpa6na ga 6rge crnpeMeHHa,

3a [a He ce HaJrara Aa rbpcr{re 6u6maorpaQ}fi, npocrrdparqace or ApeBHrrre n6prlr4 Ao Harrrrd \HW urur nrr rpx6na ga cepaspa6orea nsrofr crpaHrdqeH upo6leu, Bbpxy rofiro eflrlrca-HO MHOTO MAJIKO;

3) rcr,ruru Marepr4aJrr4 no reMara rpa6na 4a 6rgar JrecHoAOCTAnHT4 3a Bac.

Hexa gageu HrKoJrKo rrprlMepa. Axo rs6epa Karo reMaItopr<eama Ha c6. Mapun det Kacmetto e Alaccaudpua, roMora Aa ce HaArBaM Aa orKpr,rr B MecrHara 6u6nrorera rrpaAcKr4Te apxvrBrl. Bcr4rIKo, oT KoeTo r4MaM r{yr(Aa, 3a Aa Bb3-cTaHoBr r[cToptrflTa Ha Ta3rr rIbpKBa r4 Ha pecTaBpa\t[vrTe, M3-BbpIIreHId rlo Hefl. Kasnavr, qe ,,Mora Aa ce HaAtBaM", 3alqo-TO rrpaBfl xlf[oTe3a r4 ce nocTaBrM Ha MJTCTOTO Ha CTyAeHT,KoMyro e HyxHa reMa 3a rrrecr Meceqa. llpeqr,r Aa rpbrnao6ave, rpl6na Aa ce unQoprurpaM AaJrrr xfitroresara Mr4 enpaBrdJrHa. OcseH roea rpa6aaaa>KrrBefl B cbqara o6lacr, enporrrBeH cnyraft tosa 6u 6uno yxacna v4efr.

OcseH ToBa r{Ma egHo ,,Ho". Axo rurou or AoKyMeHTr4Te,MaKap r{ AocTblHr{, He ca Hr{rqo [pyro ocBeH Hr4KOra Herr3Aa-

3736

BaHr{ CpeAHOBeKOBHI'I pbKoflucld, ae 6u tpa6naJlo Aa IdMaM '{3-

necrna npegcraBa or uaneorpa(plu' T. e. Aa [pI4TexQBaM Tex-

Hr4Kara Aa uera u geurl,tQpupavr plronucu' Ero KaK eAHa

reMa, tr{3ruIe)Knalqa necra, ce [peBpblrlq B TpyAHa' Axo nl-rorKpl{fl, qe Marepl{aJlldre troHe or XVIII B' HararbK ca rryb-

JrrdKyBaHI4, TO TOraBa Beqe ce ABtDKa rlo cl4rypeH IIbT'

[pyr nplruep. Palfaene na Kaupua e e[tIH MoAepeH rlrca-

TeJI, Cb3AaJI eABa TpI4 poMaHa il e4vrl/^ TOM C OqepIII4' eceta vr

cryarm. Bcrqxu re ca uy6nuKyBaHl4' npld roBa or eEI4H I{ cblrl

tl3AareJr - Eovmraarul . fia cw [peAcraBtlM TeMa cbc 3ailIaBl'rero

3naqeuuemo ua PaQaete na Kanpua crtoped cbape/neHHaffm

umotuaHcKn KpumuKa' lloparul ifarra, qe Isgare[I4re o6rrno-BeHO IIa3.flT B CBOIffe ApWIBVI KpI'ITIdqeCKI4Te CIyA\lI/, [OCBeTeHId

Ha I{3AaAeHI4 OT TflX aBTOpU, a3 MOra Aa pa3quTaM' qe cJIeA Hfl-

KOJTKO AeHa, rlpeKapaHr{ B l43[areJlcrBoro, ule pa3rloJlafaM c

ipr,nuone Ha uorflT{ BcI4trKId MarepI{iIJM' KoI{To Me ldlrrepecyBar'

oceeH BCr{rrKo Apyro, cilMr{rrT aBTOp e )KrdB I4 TOBa MI,I AaBa B53-

MOXCIOCT AA Nf}'flI,flIIA I,i'J:0/'AA TO I4IITEPBIOI4PAM, IIOJryN1NB31*

AorrbnHrreJluu 6n6rulorpalfctol rocoqBaHllt, a [o\Irt{ crrypHo

r qroto*otttpalrld reKcroBe, Kolrro Me ldlrrepecyBar' Pas6upa

ce, e[Ha KpI4TI4qecKa cryEl\rA ule Me rlpelparr{ I{ KbM Apyrl4 aB-

ropl{, c KoI{To JIa Kaupua e cpaBH.nBaH ilIIIrHa KoI{To e rrporl{-

BOrrocTaBeH. Tara pa6ornoro rroJre ce pa3IrII{pAB4 HO B rrp]IeM-

JrI{BId rpaHlrlltt.Itl. ocserroBa, aKo ctvt us6pal JIa Kanpua, roe 3arrloro tIMaM o[peAeJIeI{Id tIHTepecI{ e o6nacrra Ha cbBpe-

MeHHara wtaIII/laHCKA Jllfreparypa, B nporl',IBeH cJrrral4 pelfle-

Hr{ero uv6vt 6nro ssero c IItIHtI3bM' cbc cryAeHo cbplle I4 oc-

BeH ToBa 6r,1 6uno neo6vrucleno.

[pna r€Ma 3a Ilrecr Meceqa: I4umepnpema4tutma ua Bmo-

pama'caemoeua aoiiua a yve6uu4ume 3a npozult'tHo3uume om-nocteduume

nem zoduuu. Moxe 6r e ua-nxo rPlgtto Aa orKpld-

gr€ Bcldrrrof yre6nrI4a, HO BCe IIaK Id3AaTeJIr4Te IIa yre6na rurre-

parypa He ca roJIKoBa MHoro. EArs rmr cJIeA Karo cre flpldAo-

6uii wtruQonoronupiulld reKcroBere, snaeftrra, qe I{IrrepecyBa-

llr4Te BId qacfl{ or rtr 3aeMar no IUIKOJIKO CTpaHI4IV, MOXere

Aa I,I3Bbp[[4Te pa6orara no cbllocraBqHero t{M 3a KparKo Bpe-

Me I{ [pl,r roea go6pe. Pas6npa ce, He Moxe Aa ce oqeIUIBa Ha-

38

II. 5, Hyxno ilil e [a 3naere qyrlqu e3r4rlr{

t4wnnr, no roftro AaAeH yre6rum r{Hrepflperr4pa Bropara cne-ToBHa rofiua, 6es ga ce r4Ma npeABr4I q-rrJrocrHara ucroprdqecKaKaprrdHa, npelcraBeHa B Hero; T. e. r4Mare rr MaJrKo pa6ora ngu6ovuHa. Huro rrur Mo)r(e Aa ganoqHere, 6ea Ia cre B3eJrr4

raro 6asa 3a cpaBHeHrle eAHa AyJI{Ha gryAril , locBereHrd HaBropara cBeroBHa eoftHa. Bce nar.scHo e, qe aKo rrporrycHereBcrrrrKrr re3r4 (fopulr Ha Kpr{Tr4rrH}f cbflocraBKr,r, ArlrrJroMHara Br{

pa6ora c roBa 3affraBrre 6u vroma Aa 6rge Hanrrcana He 3a

Irlecr Meceq1 a 3a eAHa ceAMrdqa, Ho roraBa se 6v 6una trttn-JIoMHa pa6ora a cra"rus.3a BecrHrlr! Moxe 6u npouuqareJrHa r{6pwnwtua, Ho Hec[oco6lra Aa AoKDKe cuoco6socrrre Ha Ar,rn-JroMaHTa Aa rrcBbprrrr4 r{3oJreABaHe.

Axo rmr l4cKare Aa Hanltllrere 3a IIIecr Meceqa Ar{rrJroMna-ra cu pa6ora, orgerrfrru i no egun qac Ha EeH, ToraBa e 6es-cMr4cJreHo Aa [poAbJDKaealure. B TaKbB cirynrafr 6wxsw [perpa-TIdJr KbM cbBerrlTe or naparpalf I. 2. flperuruere eAHa KaKBarow\a e Arl[JroMHa pa6ora rd npr4Krroqere c npo6revra.

II. 5. Hp<Ho Jrrr e,[a BHaere qyxqu errqr

Tosr naparpaQ ue ce oruacr 3a oHe3rd, Korfro 3au${raBarArdrrJroMHara cv pa6ora nrn Qaqymerme tro q]DKAr,r eswr\tr vt

Jll4r€parypa. flpegnonara ce, tle re rlo3HaBar e3I4Ka, ntpxy rofr-To ce Ar{rrJroMr{par. Aopr e xeJrareJrHo, Koraro nr4rrrar BbpxytqDKA aBTop, Aa nr4rrrar Ha HeroBr4r eeur. B MHoro yHrrBepcr4Te-TI{ Ce npaBr{ TaKav To c ocHoBaH}re.

Tyr o6aue [ocraBrMe npo6neua [peA resr4, Korrro rqe rrrd-

IIIar AtrlJrovna pa6ora no QrnocoQu.a, coquoJrortr{fl, npaBo,nOJII{TOJIOTI{fl, I[cTOpwf, I/I-III4 IIO HflKO.fl OT IIpt{poAHI4Te HayKId.

Aopr v aa rlcKare Aa rrrdruere sa ,{aure uru PenecaHca, traKrpa6na Aa [porrerere HrKor KHtr{fa, HarrlacaHa Ha qyxg e3rdK,

- 6purannrrd rexurl r{3cJregoBarerrw ca rrncarrw pa6orure cuna anrrurfrcKrrrru. Ha HeMcKrr.

Tasl,r Heo6xoArdMocr o6urnoseHo e nalZ-saxHtr{rr Morr{n,ga Aa ce 3axBaHe qoBeK Aa rrere Ha q1rxA egur. MorrBrrpamvror reMara, MaKap r4 MaJrKo rpyAHo, Ho 3a[oqBare ga pas6u-pare rro Herrlo. B unoro cilylau e3r4K ce frr4 rrMeHHo raKa.

39

II. I4e6oprt Ha reMa

II. I4s6oprr Ha reMa

O6urHoseHo He ce crrrra Ao nporoBaprrnero My, Ho troHe cerroJr3Ba 3a qereHe. llo-go6pe e or Hr4rrlo.

Axo no ofipegeJreH Bbnpoc Br,{ ce HaJrara Aa rrpoqerere caMoeAHa KHt{Ia, npr4MepHo Ha HeMcKtI, a Br{e ToqHo Heto He 3Hae-Te, Mo)Kere Aa perxr4re npo6leua, Karo rroMoJrrre ruroft gpyrAa BI4 [poqeTe IIO-BDKHI4Te IJraBr{ OT KHr4raTa: IIIe BHr{MaBaTe

Aa He ce no3oBaBaT€ npeKaneHo MHoro Ha Hefl, Ho rrbK rrle Mo-x(ere c .rncra cr,Becr Aa r BKrroqwte s 6tr6rtrorpaQuma, mfrKaro rrle cre nplrgo6r4Jrr4 rrpelcraBa 3a Ka3aHoro or aBTopa.

Bce nax us6poeurre Aor''K Herqa ca BropocrerreHeH Bbn-poc. OcuonHoro e, ue mpa1ea da cu us1epa maKa*a dutuoruuapa6oma, Kofltno ue npednolaea no3Ha*arrcmo Ha e3Lt4u, teumoHe no/86a,& Lt ttfl,ua.u Ha.aepeHue da oetaden.9ecro ce lrs6upareva, 6es Ar4rIJIoMaHTbr Aa e HarcHo c pr4cKoBere, Kor4To rt Mynocr{. 3a'roea HeKa pa3nreAaMe H.flKorKo cnryqas,, Kor,mo He Mo-)l(eM Aa He B3eMeM IIpeABr,tI:

I) He notre da ce nuwe duruonua pa1oma etpxy vytrd ae-mop, aKo tnol"t He ce qetne 6 opuzuH(M. Heulara I{3rJrexlar rcHr4,KOfaTO CTaBa BbIIpOC 3a [OeTr4, HO MHO3r{Ha CMTITaT, qe TOBa HeBa)Kr4, aKo nr,{uar :a KaHr, Opofa rrlr AIau Culm. Hanpo-TI,{B, [paBr4JIOTO BDKr4 \[, 3A TflX 14 TO IIO TpI4 IIpruIdHI4: ITbpBO,3aIIIOTO He BtlHaII,I Ca npeBeAeHI[ BCI{9KI/I [pOI,I3BeAeHvfl HA AB-Topa r4 cJreAoBareJrno He[o3HaBaHero ua Haroli, MaKap u BTo-pocTerleHeH TpYL MoX<e Aa Brd rronpeqr4 Aa BHr,{KHere B HeroBa-Ta MI4cbJr u ga pas6epere KaK e rrporeKJro r{}rreJrer(ryaJrHoro MyCT,3pflBaHe; Ha BTOpO M.'ICTO, 3aIIIOTO |OJUIMa qaCT OT CryAlll/ffe,rIocBeTeHI4 Ha ro3l,{ aBTOp, CA flLlCaHW Ha HeTOBI{g e3I4K

'{ AaX(e

u reop6ure Nry Aa ca [peBeAeHr{, ToBa HeBr4Hatr{ BuDKrd 3a rroc-BeTeHr4Te Ha Trx cryAI,4I'd; V HAKpa.'.,3arrIOTO He Br4Harr4 rrpeBo-AIme npeAaBaT TorrHo Mr{cbJrTa Ha aBTopa, a 3aAaqara Ha Ar{n-JIoMHara pa6ora e r{MeHHo Aa rrpeorKpr.4e op\ltrrnaJrHara MyMr4CbJr, TaM r(bAeTo rfl e [per4HaqeHa oT npeBoAa r4 oT pa3nr4q-Hr,ne r{3gaHvn. \a Harruurere Ar,rnJroMHa pa6ora, osHaqaBa Aaorr{nere orBbA r{3rroJr3BaHr{Te n yre6uuKapcKara Jrr.meparyparrocraHoBru xaro ,,@ocroJro e KJracrtK, a JleonapAr,r - poMaH-TwK" t'trrr ,,Ilrarou e uqealwdcr, a AplrcroreJr - peaJrr{cr", nrv.rtbK ,,flacxaJr [r,pxu4 Ha cbprlero, a ,[exapr - Ha yrvra".

II. 5. Hlxtto nv e Aa 3Haere qyr(qll e3tlql'I

2) He notre'u da nuu,rcu duwtotwn pafoma no dadeu npo6'

ne.4L &Ko ocHoeHLtme mpydoee 6bpry Hezo ca HanucaHu Ha e3u4u'

,(oumo He no/B^tune. crylerrr, rofrro cr$II[qHo BJIa[ee HeMCKtr{,

ro ta non."a Qpencrc'r, q"ec ne 6u uoml Aa ru{rue alpxy Hlrq-

ure, Koirro e ru,IcaJI Ha HeMcKId' 3aIIIoro cn Aecerl4Ha rogl,tHl{ Ha-

*r **ot cn naft-urrrepecHllT€ [peoIIeHKIl sa Hruure 6sxa

n5,6;"y"ut- Ha Qpencrrl. Cllqoto sallrrv' sa Opofrg: 6w6utto

lpyAHO Aa HanpaBrfie HOB npoqrr Ha BI4eHCKI4fl MI{CJMreJI, 6es Aa

arpx,ffe cMerKa 3a oHOBa' Koero ca npoqenl{ B TpyAoBsIe My

avreprxancxrrre peBI{3I4oHI4crI'{ urrr $peucrume srpyKTypafl4cnl'-

$ nt ^o*ri do Hanul'ueru duruonn pa1oma atpxy daDeu aa-

*p'*" npfircn, wmeilnt colwo Ha e3u4ume, KAUtrn elnbeau'

Kofr rul rapaHTl4pa,'{e Hafr-saxgl4rrrpflA He e Ha[I{caH Ha eI.r,rH-

crBeHl4fl e3I4K, Kol4ro He rroJrsBaMe? Paa6lrpa ce, To3I4 peg Ha

lvtutcw_6u vroru Aa HI4 AOBeAe [o HeBpO3a I',I 3aroBa e Heo6xo4',t-

Mo qoBeK Aa ce ABIDKI,I Hanpeg cbc 3rpaB pa3yM' Crulecrsyear:

npaBI{JIa Ha HayqHaTa rOqHoCr, Kol'1I|-BI/t^no3BoJUBaT' aKO Ha[-

pinnep Bbpxy nqrofr anrnnfrcrul aBrop e HaIrI'IcaHo HeIrIo Ha

inonua,r, caMo Aa or6eleNl're' qe 3naere 3a sblllecrtsyBaHcrg

Nry, HO He CTe ro qeJlfl. Toea ,,paspelIII4TeJIHO 3a HeBe)Kegltso"

o6[KroseHo BDKr,{ 3a He3a[arHr4Te t{ 3a cJraBflHCKr{Te €r'rrlrd.

Tara nanpnMep I4Ma cepl{o3Hl,{ cryAvrvrBbpxy Maprc, B Kol4ro ce

nocoarBa, qe He ce no3HaBar rp)troBere, HaIMcaHI4 Ha pycKl4'

Bce nar B Te3I{ cJl} Iald cepl4o3Hl{rr f{eH BI4HaII'I Mo)Ke Aa

pae6epe (u ga nora)Ke, qe e pa:6pan) ocHoBHoro, Koero ce

xassa B Te3U TpyAoBe, IIpI4 [ono)KeHl4e qe pa3rloJlara c peIIeH-

gwrn vIIrr4. pesrovr'e. O6uxnoeeHo cbBercKl4re, 6urapcKl{Te, qe -

xocJIoBaIIrKI4Te, I43paeJrcKt{re il [Iporll4e Crfirca}lilfl' npeAocra-

BflT p$IoMera Ha aHnlllitcruvtmt Qpencru' Eto xaK, aKo rII{-

uer-e olpxy Qpencru aBrop, Mo)Ke t{ Aa He 3Hae-re pycKl4, Ho

e HyxHo Aa non3Bare noHe antnwftct<tt, aa [a u:6erHere nopo-

geHrre or ro3l4 Qarr rPYAHoctu.

3aroea, npeAl4 Aa olpeAeJII4Te reMara Ha eAHa AI4nJIoMHa

pa6ora, "

tpi."o fibpBo ga npernegare cblr{ecrnynarqata 6u6-

ir,rorpatplu, 3a Aa cre cl'IrypHr' qe HflMa Aa cpeqlrere cepuo-

3HI4 e3I4KoBr nPo6lernlr.

40 41

II. I4s6oprr Ha reMa ll, 5. Hy:ruo ilw e Aa 3Haere qyrl(qll e3irqr{

TttrcMsTaB 6bAeIIle orHoBo Aa orAeJII4 BpeMe Ha ro3I{ [po6JIeM}l Ea 3atrbJl6oql,I 3aHI{MaHI[tffa cld B eIHa rlo-crloKofrHa o6cra-HoEKa. Tpa6na Aa MUCJII,IM I{ 3a xopa Karo Hero.

E go6pe, ro3l4 cIyAeHr Mo)Ke Ia (bopMyrupa reMa Karo:[Ipofutenume Ha lusyaJlHomo sb3nplulmue no omHoaleHue Ha

QuEpamueuume usrEcmna y HnKau c'bnperneHHu aamopu. II\e6tEe Heo6xoAI4Mo npeAld BcIrtIKo Aa cI{ HaxBbpJII,I e[Ha Kaprlr-Ha Ha ncl{xoJloilr.lecKara npo6rerurarlrKa rro Bbrlpoca, a rlo ra3l{TeMa ca npeBegeHr4 peAr{qa rpyroBe, or Oxo u Mosrrc na fpero-pr go uafr-naKHldre rplaoBe no reuaJITrIcI4xoJIorIiIfl tI rlo rpaH-garqrroHr{a flcr{xoJrondJr. flocne Mo)I(e Aa n:eMe ua Qoryc te-MartrKara clopeA Tpr{Ma aBroplr, Aa nseMeM Apnxaftrur sa re-ulaJlTrlcrKr4fi floAxog, folur6pux 3a ceMnorlrtlHo-unQopvraql{oH-Hnfl v llauo(fcrur 3a I,I3cJIeABaHvrta Bbp)ry [epcnel(rl4Bara ornosttrlr4rTa Ha r{KoHoJroft/rflTa. Tesn rprvra aBTopI4 aftaJru3r\paT

,,go gbHo", or rpld pa3JIruHI{ TJIeAHII rotrKt{, cborl{ouleHl{eroMeX[y,,ecrecrBelrocf' Ir,,o6pa6oresoct" (arymlpaqua) naBBBtIptIeMaHero Ha o6paslr. 3a ga urryvpa re:t{ TpI4Ma aBroptlE O[peAeJreHa cpeAa, Mo)Ke Aa cld [ocJr]D{il4 cbc cblqecrByBarqfi-Te KoMrrr4Jra'r, Blat/r. pa6oru. Eqltr rrlt HaxBbpJrr,IJI TesI4 TpI4

HIeAHI4 TOTIKI4, CTIEeHTbT MOX(e Aa Ce OIIlfra Aa Ha[paBI4 HOB

nporlrfT Ha cbMHr4reJrHr4re MaTepI{aJII4 B cBeTJII{HaTa Ha Onpe-

AoJIeHo rrpor,rcBeneHl{e Ha IrcKycrBoro, AopI{ u upeglarafrwrnllqrHoBo rurKo.f, KJracrrqecKa tllrreplperalgafl (HanpuMep Haqu-HE, no xofrro Jlonru analrl:up4fllrepo AeJIa Opanuecra) vvu'Tcrp[pafiKr4 fl, c cbc m6panrre or Hero ,,[o-cbBpeMeHHtr{" Ma-

lepilaJrrd. Kpafrnunt p*yJITar ILsMa Ae e HeIIIo opIdil{HaJIHo, Iqe6trge uo cpeAara Mexqy raHopaMHara tI MoHorpalfnunaraTeMa, Ho rrbK IrIe 6tqe nrevroxno Aa ro HaIMIITe na 6asata Ha

npeBoAld. Cryuerrrrr ssfvra Aa 6rge ynpercau 3a[ero He e qeJI

qcrtrt flanoQcrur - oHgBg, Koero e Ha pa3rIoJIo)KeHI4e caMo Ha

HCMCKI,I v$il[,Ha aHrTfr,wIcK}l - 3aqoTo IUIMa Aa cfaBa Bbnpoc 3a

rtMa Bbpxy flanoQcru, a sa pa6ora Bbp4y npo6reu, ro orHo-IIIeHI4e na rofrto npu6areanero go llanotfcKr{ cJryrKI4 caMo B

onpe[eJreH acneKT, KaTo orlopHa ToqKa no ]uIKoI4 Bblrpocl{.Kaxro eeqe 6e Ka3aHo n naparpalp II. 1., rcsu Br{n AI,ITIJIoMHapa6ora se e uafr-npenopbtil{Te|r[r/1frt, 3alrloro pI{cKyBaMe Te-

43

Hsrofr or cJlf{aldre ca fl,cn:l,L a[pl4opl4. Heuucnnuo e Aa

3arrlr4TrlTe rlo rpbuKa Qu.nolorua, 6es ga 3Haere HeMcKI4, rIpI4

rroJro)r(eHlde, qe Ha HeMcKId ca rrwcal{'l Ky[I4Ir{a BDI(HI4 CTWM\I

ilo Bbrrpoca.llpu noruxn cJllqar{ AIdlJroMHara pa6ora cry>Ku,3a Aa ocb-

rrlecrBr,rre eguo o6qo 3arlo3HaHcrBo c repMI4HoJIonrJITa Ha He-

3anaAHI{Te e3trq[, 3aIrIoTo t{ Aa He qeTeTe PYCW, noHe e II}DK-

Ho Aa pa3rlo3HaBar€ KI4pIIJIcKI4Te 6yrsu rI Ea cre HiuIcHo UaJII'{

rlr4TrdpaHaTa oT Bac KHIdra ce 3aHr{MaBa c HayKa MII, rIbK c vt3-

KycrBo. .[a ce HafrI4Te Aa pa3rlnrare rupt/Ertil\ara IrIe Bt{ orHe-

Me eAHa Betlep, a 3a [a pas6upare KaKBo o3HaqaBa uctEccmao vKaKBO HAyKn BW e IOCTaTbTIHo [a cpaBHlfte HTIKOJIKO 3aHIaBI{t.

He e nyxno Aa ce rlaHl4KbocBare; rpnlsa 4a pae6upare rufl-roMHara cu pa6ora Karo yHI4KaJrr{a Bb3Mo)I(Hocr.Aa HarpFlareonm, rofrto qe BId e or [oJr3a, AoKaro cre xtr{s.*

KasaHoro AoryK He BsI{Ma npeABI{A Qarra, ue naft-go6po-TO, KOeTO MO)I(eTe Aa HarIpaBI4Te, aKO CTe I43rIpaBeHI{ rlpeA

6r6morpa<pnfl. Ha qyx(A e3I4K, e Aa [ocerI[Te 3a HflKoJIKo Me-

ceua crpaHara,3a Kosro craBa Bbrlpoc: rosa o6a'{e e cKbrlo,

a Hr{e ce onI{TBaMe Ia AaAeM cbBerl4 lra cTyAeHTI4, KOI4TO Hfl-

MAT TA3I{ Bb3MOX(HOCT.

Hera cera Aa pa3HIeAaMe eAt{H nocJreAeH ,,noM[p[TereH"Baprdalil. Ea ctn [pegcraBllM cr]AeIIr, rofrro ce I{HTep€c}tsa ornpb6relura 3a BI43yaJIHoro Bb3[pI{.trrrre B IdsKycrtsoro. [a upeg-

rIoJro)Kr4M, qe ro3l4 cr)trerlT uumo etadee uytrdu e3u4tt' Humo

u/r^a 1peile da zu yceou (vnv vtvra nclo(oJlorl4tlecKt{ 3aApbxKI4:

r{Ma xopa, KoI4To HayqaBaT IuBeAcKId 3a eAHa ceAMilIIa I{ XOpa'

KOT4TO 3a AeCgT rOAI{HI4 He MOraT [OHe TIpI4JIIFTHO Aa ycBoflT

QpeHcxu). Hera ocseH ToBa rIpI{eMeM, qe ropa[It Qmancowtiio6pax<enru e [pIdHyAeH Aa Hatrurue AI{nJroMHara cu pa6ora3a rrrecr Meceqa, Ho rre BblpeKt{ BcIdtIKo e cepr{o3Ho 3aI'IHTpI4-

ryBaH OT TeMaTa CIl I{, MaKap Aa \lcKa Aa 3aBbpI[I{, sa ga pa6o-

*Cruroro n o6pareu pe1 Bax[ u ea 6urapcrul ql4Tarer. V nac, pas6upa ce, la-Tr,rHrrrrara e vioro no-nonyJrtpHa, orrolioto Kl4prlntllrara Ha 3anaA, Ho npaK-rr{Kara noKa3Ba rBbpAe ronQysHr HeAopa3pIeHI{t, nopore_H}I or-y1!",ToLo^-:.:rocnoAcrBo Ha agrluficxlts est4K - Hegonyqrl4Ml{ TpaHcKpllnut4l'I or qpeHcKllI4Jrr{ HeMCKU, HenO3HaBaHe Ha Bb3JIoBI4 3a HayKaTa [oHtTl4t, ql',Il4To npol43xoA e

r{MeHHo <}pencxra r{Jltt HeMcKI,r u r. H. - 6en. peg.

42

_#.

IL I4s6oplt Ha reMa II. 6. ,,Hayuua" vtiltr ,,iloJtrrr4.recKa" Teraa

MaTe TOBa MHeHr4e, TO 3aHIaBr{eTO Ha naparpaoa e Jrb)KJDTBO,

Tbfr KATO BI4 OCTABq C BTIer{aTJIeH'{eTo, qe ,,IIoJII'TTI,IiIecKaTa.(T€Ma He e Hayr{Ha.,[uec n yHr4Bepcr4Ter[Te qecTo ce roBopr,r 3aHayKa, Ha1r.rHo Ar,rpeHe, Haf{Ha crofrHocr Ha AaAeHa pa6ora r B

KpafiHa cMerKa ro3r{ TepMr4H Mox<e Aa 6bAe )KeprBa KaKTo HaHeBOJrHr4 AByCMr,ICJrr4rIW,TaKa rI Ha 3a6JryIAUrV. Ha HeOCHOBa-

TeJrHr{ rroAo3peHr.{q B,,3ar(pe[ocTf BaHe" Ha KyJrrypara.

II. 6. 1. Karceo e HayqHocm

3a nqxol,r HayKara ce lrgeHruQvr1:ripa c rprrpogHrlre Ar.{c-rvflIrulntr Mtt c r,r3cJreABaHero Ha 6asara Ha KoJrr{rrecrBeHr{loKa3areJrr{: cilopeA rtrx eAHo r43cJregBaHe He Mo)r(e Aa 6t'AeHafrHo, aKo He BK.rrroqBa Qopvyrn r{ ArdarpaMr,r. Or rory-uoKa3aHoro wsrrrr'sa, qe eAr,{H rpyA Bbpxy MopaJra y Aplrcrorense 611 6rr nayueu, Ho cl,uloro 6n eaxaro r4 3a H.qKorr pa6o-Ta, [ocBeTeHa Ha KJtacoBoTo cT,3HaHt{e ,{ Ha ceJIcKI4Te BbcTa-HI{fl no BpeMe Ha PeQoprraar\\tflTa. Ouenuguo He roBa e cMrr-cbJlbr, rofrro B yHl{Bepcr.{Terr,{Te AaBar Ha rroHrrr,Iero ,,Hay-Ka". B raKbB cnyrarl HeKa o[I{TaMe Aa orlpeAenr{M rrprir KaK-BrryclroBwfl, eAr{H TeKcr 6r.r vorcn Aa 6lAe rHa.}ggs'<.

Karo uogeJr 3a cre,nBaHe MoN(eM Aa I43rIoJr3BaMe ro3r4 Hanpr4poAHr4Te Ha)'KX, raKa KaKTo Hr{ ce [pe[cTaBrT oT Haqaro-ro na Hosoro BpeMe. Egno uscrelBaHe e HafrHo, Koraro or-toBapt Ha cJIeAHI4Te u3r4cKBAH\[fl,:

L. I4scregeaHero [a ce orHacq ga o6eKm, xofimo e nosHaaa-en u defuuuupaH maKa, qe da 6ude no3Ha6aeft u sa dpyeunte. flo-wrfagro,,o6eKT" He o3HaqaBa HenpeMeHHo QuslruecKo rtJlo.O6err e Id KBaAparHrdrr KopeH B MareMarr{Kara, MaKap Hr4Koft

Aa He ro e BrDKAan. Kracara Karo corlrdareu Qeuor,reH cr,rrloMox(e 4a 6rge o6exr Ha rGcJreABaHe, BbrrpeKrd qe Hqrofr 6r uo-IbJI Aa Bb3pa3l{, qe HqMa WCTI/IHCKU KnACVl, a CaMO I4HI.I/IBI'II.II 14

cpeAHocTaTT{cTrlFrecKI,{ AaHHI'L HO e taKf,e cMI4CbJr se 6U WVa-na Ql,r3rdqecKa cbrrlHocr rd rpyrrara Ha rleJrr{Te qvcra, [o-roJre-Mr{ or 3725, c Kor{To o6aqe e[r4H MareMarrtrK6\r Mor]Jr Aa ce 3a-HIdMaBa, 6es Aa ce [pr{rec}uea. Cregonarenno Aa geQltrupavreo6enra, o3HarraBa ga geQraHupaMe ycroBfiqra, rrpr{ Kor4To Mo-

MaTa Aa e HeIrbJrHa I4 HeOnpe[eJIeHa: Ho HeKa e flcHo' qe ToBa

e rrpl{Mep 3a AIlnJIoMHa pa6ora 3a [Iecr Meceqa 3a cryAeHr

cr4JrHo 3al4lrrepecoBaH Aa yc[ee Aa 3auII4TI4 KOJIKOTO e Bb3MOX(-

Ho [o-6bp3o, uopagu re)KaIrI Ha cr'pllero vry npo6nerta' Toea e

Harrr,rH Aa ce HaMepr,{ [ocToeH r43xoA or noAo6sa cl{Tyaql{fl.

llpu ncrurul cryqarl. aKo He 3HaeM qfJKAI'{ e3I4IrI4 I{ He Mo-

)KeM [a rI4 HafIt{M norpali u4rIJIoMHara pa6om, nait-pasyvuo-

to ffr"tti 6 ga r{s6eieM reMa Bbp)ry q-I'cro AoMalrreH npo6-

JreM, npl4 KOI4TO ntnpoclr 3a [penparKt{Te KbM rry)Kla 6w6ttu-

orpaQla-a Mox(e Aa ce pa3pelrrlf c no3oBaBaHero Ha npeBeAeHI4

rexcrose. Taxa uanpnuep, xoftro vcKa aa HarII4IIre AI4nJroMHa

pa6ora Bbp)ry Ha'aeHMl Ha uonopultecKu po'uaH 6 cbquHeHunma

ha fapu6atdu,6tt'rpt6nano Aa [o3HaBa HfKorr 6asont{ [oH-flTI4t

orHocHo rlpoI{3xoAa Ha l{croplttIecKIifl poMaH u ornocHo Vol-rsp Cror (oceeu, pas6upa ce, [oJleMtr{Kara or MlaHaJrl4fl BeK'

pu'aaop"nu "e "wrant*

no ctqlr.a BT'rIpoc), Ho rIr'K 6u lrorrnga HaMep[ [peBe[eHI4 HqKoI{ TpyAoBe, c KoI4To Aa ce KoHcyiI-

Tvpa u 6u ltual Bb3Mo)KHocrra Aa qere Ha r[TaIfi[aHcKI4 rloHe

ocHoBHItrTe rplroBe Ha Crot, B r{acrHocr ualvlnpafrxra vz 6tt6-

rI4oreKI4Te rIpeBoAI'ITe I4M or MI4HaJrIdt ser' Oue [o-MaJIKo

;t;6ffi;6u'nocraeuJla reMa xaro Btunnuemo na lyepat4u* e

tE/tmypama Ha llmcuuaHcKomo pttsopdtruneumo'* * Pae6rpa ce'

ne rpa6ea Aa ce 3aIIoqBa c r[peKaneH oIITr{MI43bM: 3acJr}DKaBa

cI{ Tpyga Aa rIperJIeAaMe HaJII{tIHara 6lt6nrorpaQw, sa \a Bv-

AI4M AaJII{ eBeHTyanHo I4 HqKOI4 qyxAecTpaHHI4 aBropl4 He Ca ce

AoKocBaJII{ Ao ro3l[ nPo6leu.

lI. 6. ,rHal"l*ao' milv' rrnoJrt{Tl[qecKa" TeMa

Cneg crygeHrcKl{re nporecrll or 1968 r' ce pa3npocrpaHl{

\rrefrTa,qe cryAeHrl4Te ryrOna Aa nl'{urar AI{IJIoMHI4 pa6orlr ne

Bbp)ry TeMI4, orHacflIrll{ ce Ao KyJrrypa' il4Teparypa v rp1 a

cBbp3aHlr c rIoJII4TIdqecw\ v coql{aJIHI{ upo6leltl't' Aro nplle-

;-fu"ouu^ O*HqecKo, l/'ra'a'crn nr,rcareJl or XIX 8., cBr'p3aH c 6op6lare sa

ooTafneirie-ia Vlrarr,;,r,. fltrure ucroprqecru4 pa3Ka3''t c AI4AaKTttqHa Hacoqe-

Hocr. - 6el. Peg.*Pngopaxr,lueHTo - oyKB. ,,nlspaxgane" - 6op6nre ea o6e'qnneune 14 oceo6ox-

.neHile Ha lArarr.n. - 6el. nPen.

44 45

I

II. I4:6oprr Ha reMa

)KeM Aa roBopr{M 3a Hero, 6asvtpafircn ce Bbpxy fipaB.urra, Kor{roHr4e rrle cI,I ollpeAentlM, r4rrr4 Kor4ro Hrr(ofr Ilpe[r4 Hac e cbcra-slar. AKo Hr4e BbBeAeM npaBr4Jla, Ha ql4fro 6asa eguo qtr{cJro,

rro-roJltMo or 3725, Mo)Ke Aa 6rAe pa3rro3Haro Br4Hartrr, Koraro6lge cpeqnaro, To roBa o3HaqaBa, qe cMe BbBeJIr4 rIpaBt{JIa 3a

pa3no3HaBaeMocr Ha HaLrnrA o6err. Pas6upa ce, Mo)r(e Aa Bb3-Hr4KHar rpo6revru, aKo roBopr4M 3a, rrprlMepHo, rurKoe rrpr4Ka3-

HO CT,IrdeCTBO, KOeT0 nO O6qO MHeHr{e Ce CMJITa 3a HeCbqeCT-B)tsarqo, Aa per{eM, 3a KeHTaBbpa. llpr roBa [oiroxeHr{e I4Ma-Me rpr4 Bb3Mo)KHr{ aJrTepHaTt{BI{:

llpequ Bcr4qKo MoxeM Aa roBopr4M 3a KeHTaBprlre cnopeATOBa KaK Te Ca npeACTaBeHI4 B MI4TOJIOTI4TTA r4 TAKA HaIIrI4flTo6err ule craHe no3naBaeM r,r qe MoN(e Aa 6lAe vwqnBtr1yalrl,t-3I4paH, 3arrloro rrle cr4 r4MaMe pa6ora c reKcroBe (sep6atmtr.vn'tnwzya:r;ww), B Kor{ro ce roBopr4 3a KeHTaBpr4. Torasa qe rpa6na/Ia Kax<eM KaKBI4 XapaKTepr,rcTr4ror rpa6ea Aa Ml/la eAHo Mr,rro-rourqHo c:bulecrBo, sa Aa 6rAe pa3rro3Haro Karo KelrraBbp.

I Ia eropo Mflcro, Molr(eM Aa npoBeAeM eAHo xr{rrorerr4r{Hor43cJreABar{e Bbpxy roBa KaKBr4 xapaKrepr4curxn rpa6ra gaI4Ma eAHo cbqecrBo B eAr,{H rrpeAloiraraeM cBflT (rofrro ne egeincrnurerwtnr),3a Aa Mox(e rc ga 6rge KeHTaBbp. Torasarqe rpn6na ga ge<funlrpaMe ycJroBvflTa 3a cbxlecrByBaHe HaTo3rr npegrroJraraeM cBqr, lpeAyflpexganafixrr, qe qrrJrara Hrd

rpaKToBKa ce rr3BbprrrBa B paMKrlTe Ha ra3r4 xnnoresa. AKocrporo ce flpr4lbpx(aMe KbM rrpr{eToTo B HaqaJroTo, To Mo-x(eM Aa roBopr4M 3a ,,o6eKT", rofiro ,{Ma HtKaKbB LIraHc Aacraue o6err Ha Ha1'.{Ho r4gcJreIBaHe.

Ha rpero Mrrcro, MoN(eM Aa perrMM, rre pa3noraraMe c Aoc-TaTbr{Ho AoKa3aTeJICTBA, 3A \A AOKDKeM, qe KeHTaBpI[Te HAIIC-

TrdHa cbrrlecrByBar. Torara, 3a Aa olpeAeirrdM AocroBepeHo6err Ha resara cr4 rrle rpr6na Aa pa3rroJraraMe c AoKa3arercr-na (creleru, KocrHtr{ ocrarbllrd, BKaMeHeJIocrI4, HanpaBeHI4 cruQpavepneHr4 Jrr,rrr4 cHr4MKr4 B ropr4Te na frpqun r4 BcI4rrKo

rp)rro, Koero 6laxve xerarr.r), 3a Aa Morar vrpyrrrg Aa ce cbr-JracqT, qe r4Ma 3a KarGo Aa ce roBopr{, He3aBr4cr{Mo oT ToBa,

IaJrr4 HarIIaTa xl4rroTe3a e [paBI{JrHa r,{JIr{ He.

II. 6. ,,Hayvua" fitlr ,,nor:,;rTnqecKa', Teva

Pas6upa ce, npr{BeAeHr{Jrr ryK npr4Mep e [o-cKopo aue(Ao-Tr{qeH r,{ a3 JIIlqHo He BflpBaM, .Ie HsKofr 6ra nanucan ArdnJIoM_ua pa6ora Bbp)ry KeHraBpr4re, oco6euo vs6wpaftwrrperr4, Ha-r{tr{H, HO rrT,K r4cKax na AaM rrprfMep 3a ToBa KaK, rrpfi AaAeHr4 yC_JroBrrfl, Br,{Harr4 Mo)Ke Aa ce ol]peyetw rry6ttwtHo rro3HaBaeMo6em Ha r43cJreABaHe. 7I qou roea N,{oxe Aa ce HarrpaBr{ c KeH-TABpyt, To B He no-MaJIKa CTerreH Mo)Ke Aa ce HanpaBI,I I{ OTHOC_Ho [o]urrl,tr Karo MopaJI, )r(eJlaHtr{e, crofruocrr wrv. rrrK orHoc_HO r{Aerra 3a r{cropr4lrecKr4r nporpec.

2) VlscnegeaHero rp.a6na aa xire roBa, Koemo oaq He e Ka-saHo omHocHo He206ufl. o6erm u.,tu da noetedue om dpyz reu"tmoaa, Kaemo 6eue e KrLtaHo. Egua vareuarrrttecxtr KopercHapa6ora, AoKa3Barqa c rpaAr4rlr{oHHr4 MeroArd rrr{raropoBara re-opeMa, ue 6n upegcraBJrrBaJra Haf{eH TpyI, 3arrloro ne 6u npu-6asurn Hr{xlo Kr,M Harrrr4Te 3HaHr{.tr. B Hafi-go6p Hs ctyqai; 6rI6vtn egwn go6rp rpyA 3a rronyJrrpr{3ar\vs HaroBa snaHr,re, rro-Ao6no Ha Hapbr{Hr{x, Kofrro onucea KaK Aa ce [ocrpor4 Kyqeu-ra xoml6xa c Ar,pBeH Marepr{aJr, tBo3Aer{, peHne, TprloH r{ rryK.KaKro Beqe Ka3axMe n I. 1., eilHaKo/unu,xamulHa Ar4rrJroMHa pa_6ora cuqo Mo)Ke ga 6rge rroJre3Ha or HafrHa rJreAHa rorrKa, 3a-uloro cr6rpa ,{ rroApe)KAa Beqe r{3Ka3aHrlre MHeHr{r rro AareHBbupoc. llo clullra HaqrrH eAr4H HapbqHr{K 3a roBa, KaK Aa cr4nocrporme KyqeurKa ronu6ra He e Ha) reH TpF, no rrbK eAHacpaBHr4TerHa pa6ora, Koflro Aa pa3rureAa rr. Aa a*atrrgnpaBcr/M-KIl rl3BecrHrd HaqrlHm sa HeftHoro flocrpoflBaHe, Beqe Mox(e AaIdMa, MaKap r4 cKpoMHr{, npeTeHqr4r4 3a HarrHocT.

WMa o6a'ae Herrlo, Koero rpa6na aa ce r/rMa [peABr4A: eAHaKoMrrr{Jrar[nHa pa6ora ilpilHacfl, rroJr3a sa HayKara caMo npn[oJro]r(eHr4e, rre He cbrrlecrByBa Apyra, uogo6na na Heq. AKoBerre cbrrlecrByBar cpaBHr{TeJrHr{ rpyAoBe Bbpxy ToBa, KaK IacI{ fiocrpor4Te Kf{errrKa roru6ra, flr{caHero Ha HoBa pa6orano Br,flpoca se 6u 6trto Hrrrllo Apyro, ocBeH sary6a Ha BpeMe(uln nlarrarcrno).

3) TlscnegnaHero mpa1ea da 6ude no,46Ho sa dpyeume. fIo-JIe3eH e rpyA, rrpeAcTaBailI HOBO OTKpr4Tr4e 3a [oBeAeHr{ero HaeJI€MeHTapHr4re qacrr4rlu. floresHa e pa6ora, pasKa3Barrla KaKe 6lrno orKpr4To Her{3BecrHo rrr{cMo ria JleonapAr{ r4 Korro ro

I

46

*

47

II. I4e6optr Ha reMa

[pr{BexAa r,{3r{qno. EguH prrorrrdc e HayreH rpyl, aKo (rrpr4

cna3BaHe Ha rrcr4cKBaHrrflTa or roqKr4 I. tt 2.) go6asn ueuloHOBO r(l,M TOBa, KOeTO Beqe e I{3BeCTHO r,I aKO Ha eCrmrU 6tge-u1u pa6oru rro Bbrrpoca tqe ce HaJro){o{ Aa ce cro6pa3tBar cHero. Pas6l,rpa ce, HayqHara crofrnocr e cbrl3Mepr4Ma cbc cre-neHra Ha neo6xogr{Mocr Ha Ha[paBeHr,{fl npr4Hoc.Wva npl4Ho-cr{, cJren KoI,fTo rIeHI4Te He MoraT Aa KDKaT Hr{il{o crofrHocttto,aKo He l{spx<ar cMerKa 3a rqx. Wwa v [pr4Hocr,{, ga rouro ne 6lr6lmo sre freHrlTe Aa Abpx€r cMerKa, Ho rrr,K He 6lr ce upogr-Hr{Jr cBerbr r{ aKo He rc npaBflr. Hacropo 6nxa rry6r,wKyBaHrlrrr,{cMa Ha.[xefrlrc lxofrc Ao )KeHa My, B Kolrro craBa AyMa 3a

napeqr{ ceKcyaJHr4 npo6reuu. Eescnopno r,cewq, rofrto ce aa-eMe c rporor\rrrarra Morr Biryrur n Oduceti Ha,[xtofrc qe 6tlenoAnoMorHaT oT TOBa Aa 3Hae, qe B I{rrTI,{MHWr Cr{ )KI{BOT

lxofrc e [prlrrrdcBaJr Ha )KeHa cv crutlrra r4 pa3Brra ceKcyaJr-Hocr, Karo ra3ld Ha Morlr; cJIeAoBareJIHo craBa Bbnpoc 3a no-neseH HafreH [pr4Hoc. Or upyra crpaHa, nrraa crofinocrHrr vrg-

cre[BaHrd-s Bbpxy Oducefi, B Kor4To Mo;nr e ror{Ho npeAcraBeHalr 6es rsnor3BaHero Ha re3r,r Mareprlanr{; cJrenoBareJrHo craBa

lyMa 3a rrpr{Hoc, xofiro ne e lfynaalreHraJreH. Ho, xoraro 6erueuy6nlrrycaH Cmueau xepos, nbpBrurr Bapr4aHT uapotvnua IIop-mpenx ua tydottcttttKa Knmo ,utad sa.[xol)ic, Bct{tIKI4 pas6paxa,qe e cr,ulecrBeHo Aa ce rrMa rrpeABr4,{, 3a Aa ce paa6epe pa3Br,r-

rrrero Ha ,{pJraHlcKr4fl aBTop. Toea e Haf{eH rrprruoc, qt{eronpeue6pernaHe e HeMr4cJrr{Mo.

CrurHarr AoryK, nsrofr 6lr rror:u Aa ce cerr4 3a oHe3r{ TaKaocMr4BaHr4 MaTepr{anr4 Ha rurKor4 rrpeKaneHo [peurd3Hr4 HeMcKr4

Qlr.nonosu, KoIlTo ce Haplrqar ,,6ere)KKtr{ Ha nepaqKara"'. Hatt-crl4Ha, ToBa ca reKcroBe c nafr-nr,rcro KaqecrBo, B KoI4To HarI-pr4Mep nr{careJrrrr clr e or6erq3aJr KaKBo Aa Hana3ap}tsa 3aqeua. llouaxora nogo6nr[ AaHHv Morar v \a 6l'Aar noJle3Hr,r,

mfr raro [pr{naBar rroBerrrKrd o6m,lr Ha aBTopa, Kororo rroBe-rrero xopa cu lpegcraBflT rurKaK r{3BbH cBera, e roiiro xu4Berr,I{JII4 3aUIOTO IIOKa3BaT, rle AaIeHU.flT aBrop npe3 BbIIpOCHOTO

BpeMe BcbulHocr e Mr{3epcrBan. llonnrora, Hanporr,rB, He rrpra-

6aexr Huulo KbM Ber{e r{3BecrHoro, He ca Hr{ulo [oBerre or JIIo-

II. 6. ,,Hayuna" r4rl,t ,,nortrrrtrqecra" reMa

6onuruu Qarnr us 6laorpa<pnsraHanr4cal€Jrr \t Hflvrut Hr{KaK-Ba HafIHa cruofruoct, MaKap uilavwa xopa, Kor{To ce MrlcirflT3a roJIeMr,{ f{eHld, uIoM I,GBaAnt ga 6s,t cBflT turKor nogo6uaApe6onl.ra. He qe rpa6ea ga pasy6eNgaBaMe oHe3rr, Kor{ro cesa6asrqnar c nogo6rur r{3cJIeABaHr{r, Ho He Mo}r(e Ia ce Ka)Ke,qe r{pe3 Tflx ce cTl{ra Ao yBeJrr4qaBaHe Ha r{oBelIIKoTo no3HaHI{elt 6v,6vrro Aocra rlo-tloJre3Ho, aKo He or HayqHa, To noue or rre-

AarorT4qecKa rJreAHa ror{Ka [a Ha[r4ruar eAHa go6pa nolyJrrp-Ha KHTDKKa, B KOflTO Aa rrpeICTaBflT X(I{BOTa Ha rrUCaTeJIfl I4 AaxapaKTepr{3rrpaT HeroBr4Te Tp}EoBe.

4) I4scnegeaHero mpa1ea da noco,au ocHolHutne .Marnepu-aLu 3a npoqepKa Ha m6atna, KoqTo 3arlr{TaBa, Kar(To r{ Aaocl4rlpr4 MaTepr4aJrr4Te, 3a Aa Mofar r{ [pyrr{re Aa rrpon:bJDKart{3cJIeABaHero. Tosa e ocHoBHo I{3I{cKBaHe. As N,roxe tr Ia Mc-KaM Aa EoKa)Ka, qe e lleronoHec r4Ma KeHTaBpr.{, Ho 3a roBarpa6na Aa cBbprxa rrerr{pil Herqa: (u) lu ocrrrypfl AoKa3areJr-cTBeH MaTepr,IaJI (Xarro Ber{e Ka3axMe, froHe egun nperuneu);(6) aa Kax(a KaK cbM rrporleAr4paJr, 3a Aa HarpaBq orKpr{rr,re-ro; (n) Aa r€)Ka KaK Aa ce rpoueAr{pa, 3a Aa ce orKpr4qr o[Ie;(r) Ra raxa KaKBr{ Kocrr{ (vtrgpyrvloKa3areJrcrna), aro 6r-AaT OrKpr{Ttr, r{0 pa3rpoMrrT Mo.rrTa xr{rroTe3a.

flo roslr HaquH a3 He caMo cbM rrpelcraBrdJr AoKa3areJrcr-Ba KbM MOflTa Te3a, HO r4 CbM HarrpaBuJr TaKa, r{e r,{ Ap}rrrlTeAa Morar [a rpoAbJr]Kar Ar4peHero, 6llno 3a ra r rrorBbpArr,6rro, sa ga a o6opxr.

Crrqoro BiDKr4 3a a6corucrnro BcrqKr{ reur. .[a flpeA[oJro-xt{M, qe rII4IIra TeMa C IIeJI Aa AOKilKa, qe B eAHO I43BbHlapJIa-MerrrapHo ABTDKeHT{e nper 1969 r. e r4MaJro ABa KoM[oHeHTa -JIeHr4HcKr4 rd rporlKr{crKr4, BbrrpeKr4 ue no o6u1o MHeHr{e e [pr{-eTO Aa ce cMlTa, rle T0 e 6ulo xOnlOrenno. II{e MI4 ce HaJIo)Is,I

Aa ocr4ry?fl Marepr{aJrrl (nounu, gafiyrcv or cr6panur, strrrtrrlrlt. n.), sa Aa AoKa>Ka, qe r{MaM fipaBo; qe rpa6ea ga o6rcra r<arcbM npor{eAr.rpaJr, 3a Ia oTKpr4rr pa3Hre)KnaHu[I.4.aTepvur r4 r(b[ecbM ro HaMepr{Jr, 3a Aa MoraT r4!,pyfl'4 Aa [poAbJDKaT rbpceHo-To; Iqe rpn6na rr Aa KalKa rro KaKbB t<pwrepwit cbM npr.{ru{caJr Ao-Ka3aTeJrcTBeHr,rq MaTep[aJr Ha rrJreHoBe Ha pa3rure)KlaHaTa fpy-na. Hanpunep, aKo rpyrara ce e pa3naAHana rpff 1970 r. rpr6-

4. Kar ce nrrrue [unloMHa pa6ora 4948

II. I4s6opr,r Ha reMa

Ba Aa KilKa !.aJtllrrp\(eMaM KaTo r43pa3 Ha Ta3r4 rpyna caMo Ma-repr4aJrr{Te Ha HefrHr4Te qJreHoBe AO pa3[aAaHero l)r (no TOraBarle rp.fl6Ba Aa o6rcHrr Ha KaKBo ocHoBaHXe rpr4eMaM olpeAeJre-Hr,r Jrr{qa 3a r{reHoBe Ha rpyrlaTa: WIeHCTBO, r{aCTI{e B Cb6pa-HI{rr, [peIloJro)KeHr{r Ha rroJrr4r$irrTa); urr/- rrpr4eMaM 3a AoKa3a-TCJICTBA I4 TEKCTOBC HA 6I,IBU[,{ WIEHOBE HA TP}MATA, I43XOXAAIi-Kr,r or rrpeArrocTaBKaTa, se aKo Te ca rBKa3aJM OrrpeleneHrrcxBaqaHr4Jr no-KbcHo, To Te Beqe ca Ha3p.flBaruy Tflx IIo BpeMeHa aKrr{BHocTTa Ha rpyrraTa. cauo no rar(bB HaqrrH npeAocTa-BflM Ha Apyrr4Te Bb3Mox(HocrTa Ia [poBeAar HoBr{ u3cJreABaHt[flr{ Aa AoKiDKaT Harrpl{Mep, lle Mor4Te r43BOIr,{ Ca [Orpe[IHI{, 3aUIO_TO,qa perreM, He e rpfl6BaJro Ia cMrrTaM 3a rrreH Ha rpyrraTa rur-Koit, Koifro e 6vn rar(bB crropeg rroJltrqr.{qra, rro He I,I clopegnpyflfre qJreHoBe Ha rpyfiara, IIoHe AOKoJTKOTO Ce pa36r{pa crrAoKyMeHTr4Te, c Kor{To pa3rroJraraMe. Ero KaK Br{ npeAcraBr.finpr4Mep 3a re3a, AoKa3aTeJrcrBeH MaTepr4aJr, [por{eAyprf. 3a ycra_HoBflBaHe ua Heftnara BaJIIqHocr I,rJrr{ HeBaJII4IHocr.

Hapouno r{36pax pa3nrlrrH[ TeMr{, 3a ua [oKilr(a, r{e tr{3r.rc-KBaHI4JITa 3a HarIHOCT Ca BaJII{AHr/t 3A BC1KU TrrrL{3CJreABaHe.

Aoryr KasaHoro Hrl Bpbrrla Bbpxy r{3KycrBer{oro rrporrrBo-rlocraBffHe MeXAy rHilyqgnrr Id ,,Iro.IltrfrldllecKa" TeMa, Motce daCe Hhntilue nOIUmWTCKn me./nL, CnaSeAilt<U

^CUL,KU %pASLUA 3A

HayqHocm. Moxe Aa ce Ha[r4rrre tr{ TeMa, pa3Ka3Baula 3a orrr{rAa ce pasrrpocrparurBa aJrrepHarr4Bna nu(popvraqr cpe1 rpprapa6orruqr [ocpe4crBoM aygr{oBr{3yaJrHr4 cpeAcrBa: Tr rqe6rge naytra AoroJrKoBa, AoKoJrKoro rrle AoriFMeHrr4pa uo ny6-Jrr4rrHo AocTbrreH r4 KoHTpOJrr{pyeM Harrr4H MO.rr orrr4T u rqe no3-BoJrr{ Ha nsxofr Apyr Aa fl.nanpaBw orHoBo, 6rmo sa Ea crr{rHeAo cbrrlr4Te r€BoArd, 6uro sa Aa orKpr4e, qe Mor4Te pesyJlTarr{ cacryuailmv n ve ero6rqe He ce AbJDKar Ha Morra pa6ora, a nalpry Qarroplr, Kor4ro nsoorqo He cbM B3eJr rrpeABr4n.

Xy6anoro Ha Haytnt s, rro4xog e roBa, qe He ry6u nperrae-To Ha Apyrr{Te: Aopr{ aro pa6orara tro cJreqara Ha AaAeHa xrd-[oTe3a Aa e AoBeJra caMo Ao oTKpr{Tr4eTO, qe xr4rroTe3aTa He eBflpHa, Bce rraK cr4 cBbpIttI,IJr HeIIIO IIOJTe3HO, rroA I{MrryJIca oTpa6oram Ha ro3r{ rrpe[r{ rc6. Aro Moflra TeMa e nocJry)roirJra

II. 6. ,,Hayvua" t4r\t ,,ilorr'fir4qecKa" TeMa

Ia crr4Mynrrpa narofr Apyr Aa HarrpaBrd HoB orrr4T rro cbrqr4flBbnpoc (aopu r4 Mor{Te rrpenrroJro}(eHwfl aa ca nauuru), roIIaK cT,M rrocTI4IHaJI IIeTUO IIOJIe3HO.

B rosu cMI{cbJI ce Btr{x(Aa, qe HJrMa rrporr{BonocraB.flHe Me)I(-

Ay,,HafrHa(' \r ,,iloil\,ffr4lqtecKa" TeMa. Or eAna crpaHa, MoN(e Aace Kax(e, qe BceKr{ HafreH Tpyn, rofiro Aorrpr4Hacr 3a pa3Br4Tr{e

Ha 3HaHr,Lrrra na uqxofr Apyr r4Ma Br[Harr4 rroJro)Kr{reJrua o6qec-rtseua crofrHocr (orpuqarenna o6rqecrneHa srofrHocr r{Ma Bcfl-KO AeITCTBr4e, UeJurqO onOrUpanero Ha [o3HaBaTeJrHr4f IIpo-qec), Ho rrbK or Apyra c-rpaHa, Mo)Ke Aa ce flpueMe, qe Bc.rrKo

o6rqecrneuo-rroJrr4TrlqecKo Harrr{HaHr{e, 3a Aa r{Ma rrraHc Aa yc-nee, 1pa6na Aa ce 6a3r4pa Ha HafreH troAxoA.

Karro Br{x<Aare, Mo)r(e Aa ce Hannrrre Haf{Ho r{3Abp)KaHaTeMa r{ 6es Aa ce rr3[oJr3Bar Jrorapr{TMr,r rrJrr4 errpyBerKr,r.

Il. 6,2. trIcmopuro-meopemwmu me"Mu tutu meJnuebpxy anm! aJrHu np o 6rc.,nu

Tyr reue nbpBoHaqaJrHrrrr Bbnpoc ce flpeAcraBfl rro HoBHaqr4H: no-no^e3Ha fit e me/rxL, caudemelcm^o 3a Haqeme-Hocm Ha duntotwauma, Lt/tu merna, c6bp3aHa c npaKmuqecKlrflonum u c npeKu o1uqecmaenu aHzai{urneumu? C Apyrrr AyMr4,[o-tIoJIe3HO JII{ e Aa Ce HarII4IUe TeMa, B KO.TITO CTaBa AyMa 3a

I,I3B€CTHI{ IIWCAT9ITM UJII{ IIbK 3A AHTW{HI/I T€KCTOBO I4III'I TeINIa,

Korro rrle Mlr HaJro]o{ npqKa HaMeca B cbBpeMeHnara gefrcr-Btr{TeJrHocr, 6uno s reoperrdqeH nran (nanpr{Mep: KoHrdenrlr4-flTA 3A eKCIIiIOaTaIIt[fTA B HeOKanI{TAJII4CTt{rreCKaTa r{AeOJrO-

wtt\,6wno B [paKTr{qecKr4 rrJraH (Hanplrr.aep r{3cJreABarre Bbp-xy cr,croqHr4ero Ha 6egsme B flpegrpalvrflTa Ha Prvr)?

Cau no ce6e cu Bbnpocbr e 6escru{r{cres. Bcexu e cuo6ogenAa rrpaBl{ TOBa, KOeTO rrox(eJrae r[ aKo eAr{H cryIeHT e npeKapaJrtrerup[ roAuHr{ B rl3yqaBaHe Ha poMaucra Qulororl/t*, To r'rr-xofr ne Mox(e ravrcKa or Hero ra ce 3aHr4Mana c 6egnrme,TaKa,KaKro 6v 6vrno a6cypAno Aa ce rdcKa fiporBara Ha ,,aKaAeMIdtI-Ha cKpoMHocr" or crpaHa Ha crlqerrr, rofrro e [peKapuIJI qerr{-pI4 roAr4HI{ B cr{HnrdKaJrHoro ABrDKeHrde, Karo 6rge HaclmBaH Aanrtrrre reMa Bbpxy Kpa;rcKoro ceNreftcreo nrr OpaHqur.

51

'l}

frs-1i

*

50

II. I4a6oprr Ha reMa

,[a npueueM o6aqe, qe Bb[pocbr e 3aAaAeH or cqaeHr B

Kpr{3a, Korlro ce tr]ma sa KaKBo My cJryrs,r nprgo6lrroro B yHr4-

Bepcrrrera 3naHr4e r{ B qacrHocr oru{Tbr or Ar{rrJroMHam pa6o-ra. [a npeArroJro)KrdM, qe ro3rd cryAem rrMa o,rJrHo rrcpa3eHr{o6ulecrreHo-rroJrrlTrdtrecKrd r/rrrTepecv w. ce 6ou Aa He [peAaAecBoero rIpI,I3BaHI4e, or[asafrKu ce Ha ,,KHI/DKHII" Teuyl

I/I rara, aKo ro3rr cry[eHT Berre HsKaKbs obqecreeHo-rro-JII{Tr,{qecKI4 ouut, rofrro Nry AaBa Bb3Mor(Hocr Aa tl3Bnetle Ht-KaKBId 3aKJrrOqeHI4fl, TO HeKa CI4 IIOCTaBI4 BbIIpOCa 3a Har{HO-ro rperr4paHe Ha r4HrepecyBaulrdq ro npo6reu.

Aro o6a.re cryqeHrrr rurMa rar(bB orrtrrr, ToraBa, crpyBa Mrlce, uogo6eH Bbrrpoc uoKa3Ba caMo eAHo 6laropoguo, Ho Hatr{B-

Ho 6eenoroftcreo. Beqe ragaxMe, qe HaJrox(eur{lr or eAHa Ar4rr-JIoMHa pa6om r{3cJre4oBareJrcKr4 orrr{T Brrnailr e rroJre3eH 3a Ha-urero 6rAelle (6lrro ro B olpeAenena npo<fecrrr MJrr e o6qec-rBeHo-floJrrrrr4trecxur xranor) r,[ To He roJrKoBa 3apmrr, r:6paHa-Ta reMa, KoJrKgro 3apagr4 rpvgo6wma o[r4T, 3apaAr4 crporocrran pa6orara, cnoco6noctra Aa ce opraHrl3rdpa MareprraJr r{ Aa cerrtr{rrre reKcr, Kor4To Ar4nroMHara pa6ora rr3r4cKBa or Hac.

Tara rato nuq 6llxue Moilrr,r Ia Kax(eM, qe cryAeHT c ,{H-Tepecfi e o6racrra Ha noJrr{'rrlKara HJrMa Aa ild ,,[peqage''Aopr4 aKo Haflr{r]re [r{nJroMHa pa6ora Bbpxy ;morpe6ara na[oKa3areJrHr4Te Mecror{MeHr{t B cbllrdHeHrle no 6oranr4Ka orXV1{ B. yrilv Bbpxy reopr4rra zaimpetus B HayKara npe4n fa-Itwilevt, Bbpxy HeeBKJrr4IoBrrTe reoMeTprrvr, HaqailaTa Ha rlbp-KOBHOTO [paBO, Bbp)ry I.{CI'4.XACTUT9, Bbpxy CpeAHOBeKOBHaTaapa6cxa Me4r{rlrrHa rlJrr4 Bbpxy naparpalpa or HaKa3areJrHrrflKoAeKc, orHacrud ce Ao Hapytrrurerrrtre Ha o6qecrseHr4r peA.

Morar Aa ce KyJrrrrBrlpar noJrr4rwecKr4 r{Hrepecr4, [pr{MepHocldnlaKam{r{, Aa)Ke rd aKo Harrr4rrleM qo6pa r4c"rop[qecKa [un-JIoMHa pa6ora Bt,pxy pa6ornruecKr4Te [BrDKeHr{r or vrr,frta]twIeex. Moxer\a ga pas6eperra cbBpeMeHHrrre MeroAr,{ 3a aJrrepHa-Tr,{BHa unlfopuarg,rr cpeA 3aBrrcr,rMure Krracfl r4 aKo r,r3] {r{M crr4-JIa, pa3upocrpaHeHr4eTo m Hal{r4Ht/rTe 3a npord3BoAcTtso Ha rrony-JItpHr,rTe rpaQlrurua oTfieqaTbuu* or npevrero na Penecanca.*Ct,*,

^ytlt, ,, p.a3npocrpaHrBaHl,rre rraBHo no naHaupnre nonyJrrpHn lrJrroc-

tplrrluu Ha bublr.riicxu reMn, u3nbJrHrsann n rpa<|nuHara rexHnKa ppaopes6a.lltrll-urtrcctcl uplrMep e cepr4rra Ha An6pexr \ropep Anorca,tutrcnc. - 6ei. peg.

52 53

II. 6. ,,Hayrua" vtilrr ,,ilorr4"naqecKa" TeMa

W eaaa 6rga npru, Ha cryAeHT, KofrTo Aocera e pa3BI{BaJI

CAMO TIOJII{TI4IIECKA AEfrHOCT, 6UX NPCNOPbqAJI I{MEHHO EAHA

or re3rd reMrd, a He pa3Kaga ga co6crBeHI,ITe My npexo{BqBa-Hrttr' r[ oulm, mfr Karo e fcHo, qe AI{nJIoMHara pa6ora e noc-JreAHrdrr cryqaft, s rofrro rofi Iqe ce 3aHIrMaBa c l{cropllqec-KO nO3HaHI,Ie, C TeOpI4fl, C TeXHI4TIeCK[ yMeHnq I{ B CbITIOTO

BpeMe Tr e rlaHc Aa ce Har{I4 Aa cI,IcTeMaTvrSIrpa MaTepI4aJII{-

re cr (Aa He roBopr,{M ga Bb3Moxuocrra Aa IoMI,IcJII{ ilo-3a-grl6oueHo Bbp)ry Teoperl4qHldre rL rrcropr4rlecKl4 rlpeAnocraB-Kr/r. Ha co6crnenara cr4 o6rqecrBeHa geftnocr).

Pas6lrpa ce, ToBa e Moe MHeHr{e. I4vesuo 3a Aa ce BI4II4, qe

3aqI{TaM I4 o6parHoro MHeHtIe, ce [ocraBqM I{a MJlcroro Ha

tosl,t, xofrto, tlororreH B noJlt{Tldrlecra gefrnoct, vrcKa Aa Haco-rrrd Ar{[roMHa"fa cw. pa60ra KbM coepara Ha Hacroq4{Te cvga-Hrrwanrtg., a co6crseHr,rq cI{ onI{T or rloJMTtrqecKara gefiHocr -KbM OoOpMflHerO Ha reMara.

Tosa e Bb3MoxHo I4 no rogu HaqI,IH Mox(e Aa ce Hanl,flIreorJrr{rrHa pa6ora: Ho e Hfr(Ho ,IcHo Id cepl{o3Ho [a ce KilKarpeA Herrla, r{MeHHo B 3aIrII4Ta Ha rloqreHoctra Ha noAo6HoHAIII4IIAHI{C.

floHqrora ce cJrfrBa At{nnoMa}IT Aa cBbpllrrl trpes rlpbcrt{pa6om c o6evr crorldHa crpaHrrlll4, BKrIoqBa[II4 no3rrBtr{, 3a[I{-cld o{r Al{cKyclot, cro6uleHr4t 3a 4efruocr, crarl4cfvrru[., ),BgerllHa3aeM" or nqxofr npegr,r[reH 'WW, v Hallpat [a npeAcraBllBCI4TIKO TOBA KATO ,,TIOJII4'TIiIiIECKA TEMA... fIOHqTOTA CE CJIYTIBA

TaKa, qe l,rcnrftHara KoMtr{cl4t, [opaAl4 Mbp3eJI, AeMarorl4fl IdnI,I

HeKoMnerenrHocr rrpl{eMa raKaBa pa6ora sa qo6pa, AoKaroBCbII{HocT cTaBa A}4!(a 3a [aiIfrIOBIIItfHa I4 To He CaMO OT yHI{-BepcrlrercKa, Ho r4 or noJIWrIrlIecKa ruIeIHa roqKa. TIua orro-BopeH rl 6esouosopeH [oAxoA KbM rloJllrrl4xara. flolruar,rofrro HaJrara rrJraH 3a pa3Blrr4e 6es Aocrarb.tr{o ru<popvraqr,rrBbp)ry cT,cTorrHr4eTo sa o6IIIecIB0To e caMo eAtIH CMeIIHI4K,

aKo He 14 npecrbrrHlrr. BHN{ox<Ho e Aa Hanpaerre ueueruxa yc-Jryra Ha Barrrara rroJrrlTlrtecKa rraprwfl, nnnefrru Bbpxy noJII{-mra, 6es Aa c[a3Bare ,\grrct<Banl,'rutra 3a HafrHocr.

B naparpaQ II. 6. 1. Beqe Ka3axMe Korl ca re3l{ I{3I{cKBa-lawg. r neo6xoglrrurocrta or rtx 3a Hanl{cBaHero Ha cepl{o3Ha

IL I4s6oplr Ha reMa

,,IIOJItr{Tr,rqeCKa" TeMa. BegHtx [onaAHax Ha I43trr.{T IrO CpeA-crBa 3a MacoBa r{H0opMarlr{fl, Ha Kofrro cryAeHrr,r rBr,pAerxe,qe e HaflpaBr,ur aHKeTa cpeA TeneBr{3r{oHHI{Te 3pr4TenI{ r43-Me)KIy paoorHr,rqr,rre B olpeleJreH parToH. B geficrwrreJrHocr6eure pasnl,rraJr c MarHero$oH B pbKa Ay3rlHa pa6orHr4rlr4 or)KeJIe3HrrIII{Te rro BpeMe Ha ABe [T,TyBaHI{fl c BJraK. .flcuo e, veTOBa, KOeTO Ce rroJryqr4 oT BbIIpocHOTO OlI,rCaHr4e Ha MHeHr.{sHe 6errre aHKera. llplr roea He caMo 3arrloro rrwncBaxa nsvc-KBaHr.{tTa 3a rrpoBepKa, 3arltrTaP.r[ oT BCsKa aHKeTa, HO I,I 3a-uloTo no.rryqeHr4Te r{3BoAr.{ r{oBeK MO)Kerxe aa a[ rut npelcTa-ell m 6es Aa ilpaBr4 r{3cJreABaHe. 3a Aa AaAeM [pr{Mep: v. ce1\-HaJr 3aA 6rcporo Mo)r(eu Aa ce cerr4rx, qe tr{3Me)KAy 4BaHafrce-TI,IHa Ayurr4 rro-roJrflMaTa rlacT rrle KaxaT, qe [peAnoq\ITaT IarJreAar MaqoBere rlpflKo, a He Ha 3anvc Tara qe e cMerxHo IarlpeAcraBr4ru eAHa nceBAoaHKera or rpuitcerwHa crpannr\.fi,3a IIa crr{rHerx Ao ro3r{ r43BoA. B cr,rqoro BpeMe cryAeHTbr.rrb)Ke caM ce6e ut, wpnaftxw cv, qe e lpr{Ben o6exrflsHuAaHHr{, AOKaTO BCbITIHOCT CaMO e CpaBHI4n HqKOJIKO MHeHr{fl.

Hexa ce r{Ma rrpeABr{n, qe pucKbr or [oBbpxHocrHo Harrr,rc-BaHe Ha llr4rrJroMHara pa6ora e oco6eno BI{coK rro orHorrreHl4er{a reMtr{, opueHTr4paHr4 KT,M aayaJIHI4 npo6lerru, r{ To rro ABenprFrrdHr,r: (a) sauloro [pr{ TeMr.r c r{croprrrecKrr. wrtur <flr.nocoQ-cKr,{ xapaKrep pa3[oJrafaTe c,rpaAr{qr,roHHr{ MeToAr{ Ha r,{3CJreA-BaHe, ol KoL{To He MO)KeTe Aa Ce I,{3MbKHeTe, IOKaTO nplr pa6o-rr4 BT,pxy corlr4aJrHr4 npo6neur,r qecro rl3cJreAoBarelm rpa6aacaM Aa cv. Lr3ur[cJrr[, MeroAa ua pa6ora (nopagr,l ra3w nprrrilrrHaegHa go6pa ,,rroJlr{Tr4qecKa" TeMa e rro-TpylHa or ,,cloKofrua"r{cropr{qecKa reMa ); (6) saulcrro MerogoJrorr{flTaHa corlr4aJrHor{3cJIeABaHe rro aMepI4KaHcKr{ I43AI{IT{a B KyJrT CTaTXCTT{KO-KO-JII4lreCTBeHrrTe MeToAI4, OT KOTTO Ce pDKAaT OfpOMHI4 r{3CJIeA-Bauufl, He ycrrflBarqlr o6a.re Aa AoBeAar go pas6l,rpaHero Ha pe-aluu npo6leM\rw Karo cJlencrBr,Ie or roBa, MHoro [oJrurl,Flec-Kr{ aHfDKr4paHr{ MnaAe)s.f He BrpBar Ha TaKaBa coquoJrotr{r,Korro n uai,rgo6pun uryuafr e ,,coqr{oMerpr[fl" , olBrllflnaitKtt n,qe r4rpae poJurra Ha r{AeoJrotr4qecKr4 rrapaBaH 3a orrpeAeJreHacr4cTeMa; HO rrbK Aa Ce cbMHSBaIII B TO3r4 BI,{I COUI4OJrOrI4.fl Heo3HaqaBa Aa npeBbpHe[r Ar{rrJroMnara cM pa6ora B nonapa or

ll. 6. ,,Hayuna" unu ,,noautu.IecKa" reMa

tp4a4paHIl IIO3I{B[, cT,pqepa3AI{paTeJIHI4 aIIeJII4 I{ yN4O3pXTe,rIHI{

rBbpAeHr4fl.Kar Aa l.rs6erHer\4 ro:u plrcr? llo vrsoro Haq\rlnrt' Karo esrl-

MeM rrpeABrq cepr,ro3Hrle I43cneABaHr[s. BbpxT aHaJIolIftIHI{npo6:rerur. Karo ne ce xBbpJItMe B u3cJreABaHe Ha coIII4aJIHI{

QeuonaeHrr, 6ee Aa cMe rrpocJregv,wt geftwocrra Ha eAHa Berle

3pflna rpyfia. Karo ycBor,rM H.flKor{ Mero[r{ ea cr6rpaue v ana-Jrr{3 Ha MareprraJra. Karo ue oqaKBaMe [a cBbprxl{M pa6oraraCI{, KOfiTO r{eCTO e IT,JIla U CKT,[a, 3a HflI(OJIKO CegVUqll... HOlstli raro npo6neul,ne ca pa3JIrftIHI{, B 3aBI,IcI,IMocr or rloJleroua geiacrnne, TeMr,rre, logforoBKara Ha cryAeHTa - v [oHe)KeHe Morar ,qa 6nlar AaAeHr{ o6ruosarr{AHrd cL,BerI{ - u1e ce orpa-Huqa c eAr4H rrpr,rMep.Vls6upav eII{H c},BceM ,,HoB" [po6reM*,Bbpxy xol"rro r{3rJre)KAa, HqMa Ha[[caHr{ TpyAoBe, eAHa ropeuaTeMa, cBT,p3ana c 6escnopHr4 llonmrrfqlecKt/t, I,IAeoJror[qecK\r rr.

qr{cro [paKrilqecKl,r npo6nevu, Koqro MHoro [peloraBarenl{rparflqr{oHa rr4crrl 6uxa geQltrvrparr Karo ql{cro )KypHaJII,IcrI4-qecKa: BbtIpocT,T 3a He3aBr4cr4Mr,rre paAr.{ocTaHIII4I,I.

II. 6. 3. Karc da npesbpHern pasiueueDauelno Ha aKmJoJeIrnpo6,aen e HayqHo wdrputaua dwtn.uua padoma

,{nec e roJreMr{Te rpaAoBe I4Ma AecerK\[ v c"rortrtry paAlro-CTaHIII4I{, Ha MeCTa r,{rua nO \Be, Tp\I, qeTl4pt{, noqBflBaT ce I4

B rpaAoBe or rlo HqKoJIKo XI4JLIAI{ Ayrxl4, nlO6ule HatsC.flKbAe.

Hsron Hoctrr rroJrr4rr4qecKa oKpacKa, Apyrld ca rlucro KoMep-cvalrnr/r. Bclrqrr re I4Mar 3arpyAHeHr{.s cr,c 3aKoHoAareJrcrBo-To, Ho mft raro ro e B rlpoqec Ha ararlrallr4fl, ubc cl4rypHocrHeqara ule ce npoMeHflT Me)KAy MoMeHra, B KofrTo [I4IIIaKHr{rara (ulu grunoMHara pa6ora) Lr MoMeHra, e rofrro xHu-rara ure r{3Jre3e (lrnu qe ce o6clxAa AI{tIJIoMHara pa6ora).

CnegonarerHo MI4 ce HaJIara uafr-Hanpeg rot{Ho ga ge(furu'r-

parra reorpaQcrc4Te r4 xpoHoJroDrqecKr,rre fpaHL{uI{ Ha Moero I{3-

cJreABaHe. Mora Aa ro o3aHraBfl Hesaeucutnume paduocmatl\uuom 1975 do 1976, Ho rrr,K I4scJIeABaHero MI{ u1e rpn6ea Aa e Its-

-l**""""""Je Hacrorrr,ara KHr4ra e nucaHa npe3 1977 r. -6e1. peg.

i

54 55

I

II. I4s6oprr Ha reMa

qep[aTerHo. Aro perua Aa rscJre[BaM caMo paAr4ocTaHr[drfT€ B

rurKor4 or roJreMrdre rpa[oBe, Ao6pe, Ho rpr6Ba Aa r43cJreABaM

acuqKume paAlaocranrdru Br,B BbnpocHr{fl rpal. B npotmeu cny-uafr uscregBaHero Mrd rrle 6rge nermrnro, 3arrloro, Aa peqeM,cbM npo[ycHa;r Hafr-3HarMMoro papo, 6ulo xaro [porpaMr,r,cJryrrrarencKrr pefr'rmr, KyJrrypHa xapaKr€prlcruKa Ha cryuare-rurre, 61110 Karo pa3rroJro)KeHr{e (nepn<}epur, KBapriur, qerr6p).

Mora Aa perxa Aa pa6ou Bbpxy eAHa HarIr{oHaJrHa paluoc-TaHIII{I raro o6pa:eq l,t nprdMep sa gefinocrra Ha orqe rpvi'rcer,no rpa6na MHoro BHnMareJrHo ga o6ocuoea Kplflepffrrre 3a rB-6op ruenno Ha roBa paAr{o, trafrwt [peABrrI, qe Ha ner noJrr{-Tl4rrecKrr oprferrTr{paHrr paAr4ocTaHtlJi.tv ce [aAaT Tpr4 KoMepcila-num (r'rnw rrbK Ha rer JreBrd egua rpafino gacra). IIle rpa6ua gaBHrlMaBaM Aa He lrs6epa [prrMep sa rpnfrcer paArlocraHrlrdrd,aKo I,rcMexlAy Trx ABa,4eceT r{ AeBeT ca [oJrrfTr4rrecKr{. M rreBy't

(unu o6panroro), sauloro [pegcraBara, KoflTo rle AurM, rrle or-pa3rBa MorrTe xeJraH[.fl, a He peiurHaTa Kap[{Ha Ha HerrlaTa.

Mora u Aa peura (n onrono ce BpbrrlaMe KbM TeMara 3aKeHTaBpr4Te B eAr4H rrpeAiloJraraevr crrr) Aa He flt,trua Bbpxy cb-IIIeCrByBarr[{Te paAr{ocTaHr{rdw, aAa qpeAJro)ro flpoer(T 3a eAHoI4Aeam{o He3aBr,{cr{Mo Paru,ro. B raffis cnyqnft [poeKrT,T Mr{rpa6na Aa 6rAe peaJrr4crr{rren (ne uora Aa flpeAnoJroii<a yrror-pe6ara Ha rrecbrrlecrByBarqa rexHrfKa turvr. Ha rrpeKaJreHo cr(bnaTaKaBa, HeAocrbnHa 3a rnrKofi MiIJrKa rpyfia eHTycvacrw), a orApyra crpaHa, He Mora Aa npeAJroxa ,qeurJreu npoeKr, 6es AaAbp)Ka cMgIKa 3a ilr4HJ/''trta Ha pa3Br4Tr{e Ha cbrrlec'TtsyBarqrfrepaAr4ocTarrqxr/r, TaKa rle r rtprd TaKaBa TeMa eAr{Ir llpenleA IIacblllecrByBarqrffe paAr{ocraHrlr,fl{ e npocTo 3aAbJDKr4r€JreH.

Cneg roea rpr6na Aa orrpeAeJrr rapaMerpr4re ua geQnur-IIIi/JITA,rHe3aBI{Ctr{Ma paAI4OCTaHgI,tfl", T. e. Aa HarlpaBt O6emaHa rdgcJleABauero ny6nruuo [o3HaBaeM.

Karso pas6uparra noA ,,He3aBr{crdMo pagt'to" - caMo r.flBor{Jrrd caMo Agcso? I/lnunar caMo paArdo, HanpaBeHo or rur-KOJTKO Ayurv, noJryireraJrHo npeAaBarrud B Haur{oHaJrHr4ffeQrp ? I/Itu nl';x He3aB rdcr{Ma or MoHoro JrHrd crpyKTy prt, p aqr4-ocTaHII[rI, Aopt/1 fi Aa e C ql4cTo KoMepcI4aJIeH XapaKTep? IAtfitnrx rpn 6e a Aa B3eMa npeAB r4A Tepr4roprrair Hvrfl nprzr:rurprrtr u Aa

56 57

II. 6. ,,Haylna" IAJrtrr ,,iloJlvrrtaqecra" teva

rrpr4eMa 3a He3aBrdcrrMl{ caMo paAI4ocraHIIrrMTe Ha Can Ma-pr,rHo r4 na Morne Kapno? Kol'Iro wBapilaHr ga us6epa, rpx6-sa Aa o6gcHt 3alqo u3KJIroqBaM o[peAeJleHr{ flBJIeHI,It or I[3-cJregBaHero. Pas6upa ce, KpI{repI,IIlTe MI4 tpa6na Aa 6tgarpa3yr!{Hr4, a repMt{HI{Te, Kotr{To ynorpe6rnalrl He rpr6ua ga

6rgar ABycMtIcJIeHI4: Mora Aa peua, qe cnopeA ueH cro6og-Hr{ paAr4ocralJtryvt ca caMo Te3tr{, KoI{To ce Abp)KaT Ha KpaI{HO

JreBr4 no3r{qutr{, Ho roraBa r-pa6na Aa Abpxra cMerKa 3a roBa,r{e Karo cno6ogur paAr{ocraurlvv. ce yeSvtHupar Hafi-paelltu-Hr4 rro cBofl xapaKTep npeAaBaTeJfi{ r[. He Mora Aa Jrb)Ka oHe3u,Kor{To rrle qerar AI{nJIoMHara uu pa6ota, ile cbM B3er Id rsxrrpeqBr{I IIJII{ IrbK qe re He cblrlecrByBar. B rarcs cnftafrrpn6na r3pruHo [a nocoqa, qe He [ptIeMaM yuorpe6ara nailoHqruero ,,ceo6oguo pagwo" tlo orHolrreHlle Ha restl paAI4-

ocTaHr{rfrd, c Kor4ro He I{cKaM Aa ce 3aHr{Maearnr (no nrr tp.a6-Ba Aa ce apryMeHTl4palr) rnra trbK Aa ms6epa sa paAIdocraHIII{-tr{Te, Kotr{To Me IrHTepecyBar, eAI4H He roJIKoBa o6q rcpvrun.

Cryrrnar AoryK, r-pa6na Aa o[I4lua crpylffypara I{a eAHo He-

3aBrdcr,rMo PaAuo oT opraHI43aIII4OHHa, I4KOHOMIfqeCKa I{ Iopl{-

Ar4rrecKa rJreAHa roqKa. Aro e HflKotf or pa3ilIe)KAaHI[Te paAr{o-

craHrlr{r4 pa6orrt npoQecuonalrtrst t Ha IIIJIeH pa6orcn AeH, a

B upynr ce pegyBar naprtirttlr'lt qJreHoBe, To Iqe rpaSna Aa cld

cbcraBr rr{noJrorrd.rr Ha opraHl43a\\MTa na pa6oram B paAl{oc-TaHr-u,rrdre. II{e rpr6na Aa rIoMt{cJIt AaJII4 pa3nlrqHl4re pagl,{oc-TaHrIur4 lruar o6qr rleprfi, KoI4To ga noseolrt'ar geQunupaue-

ro na a6crpaKTeH MoAeJI Ha He3aBt'Icmrao.paAro I{JIII ITrK ,,He-3aBr4crlMo pagwo" e eAHo MHQro HeegHopo[Ho tlouffTtr{e,BKnroqBarqo Helqa, rpaicro pa3JIruHIl no cBoI{Te xapaKrepldc-rulrr,r. BeAnara cTaBa flcHa noJI3aTa oT IIoAo6na reua - aKopeua Aa Ha[paBff He3aBI{CI4Ma paAI{ocraHql4t, IrIe 3HaM orITI4-

MaJrHrrre ycJIoBIdfl sa go6poro i,r QynxwoHl{paHe.3a [a cn cbcraBl{M AocroBepHa rIlrIoJIorI4t, 6uxue MorJIId

Aa rfirroJr3BaMe ra6JIIfiIa, B Ko.ffTo Aa HaHeceM BcI{tIKId xapaK-Tepr4cTrdKr{ Ha I{HTepecyBaIrII{Te HI4 paAI{ocTaHIII4I{

'I IOCJIe Aa

rrf cpaBnrrM. Hera HarIpaBI4M MaJIKa npldMepna ta6luqa cqerr4pl,l ocuoBHrd napaMerbpa: Halrr.ltr e na npo<[ecuoHaJlHl{

Il, I4r6oprr Ha reMa

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58 59

II. 6. ,,Hayrua" vrtr ,,nort4TttrlecKa(' TeMa

paArdoxypHarrvcrrL [polopquoHaJrHocr Mexly My3I4Ka r{ ro-BOp, HaJrrdlrrre vilt orcbcrBr4e Ha peKJraMI4 Id l{[eoJloll4qecKaxapaKTepr4cryrKa Ha paur4ocraHut vrce, BsMMlafrKtI [peAB vn ce-

AeM BbOopzDKaeMr{ rrpeAaBarsrq.Egua rarana ra6rrqa ule Mrd rroKax(e, Harrpl,rMep, qe pa-

gr4o ,,flo[I" e HarrpaBeHo or HelpoQecuonanucrtr{, I4Ma scHord3pa3erra r4AeoJrorl4qecKa HacoqeHocT, rlpeAaBa [oBerre My-3rdKa orKoJrKoTo roBop rd flprreMa peKJIaMId. B cruloro BpeMerrle Mr{ noKiDKe, qe peKlaMtlTe w My3I,IKaJIHara HaCOqeHocT

He ca IIpeqKa 3a HaJrIfrII4eTo Ha rrAeoJrorl{llecKld xapaKTep,fiprd rroJrox(eHr{e qe B HaIIIaTa Ta6rIdIIa HaMI{paMe ABe TaKI4-

Ba paAr{ocTaEr\Mvr Id caMo eAlra, Kotro xeM e l4neoroudqecKl{oprderru{paHa, xeM 3aJrara [peAtIMHo Ha roBopa, a He Ha My-3rdKara. or gpyra crpaHa, He HaMr{paMe Humo edua ueopmen-'fMpAHA I{AeOIOrI{qeCKI4, B KOTTO Ia JII4[CBaT peKIlan|{[I/I, I/JII

Aa npeo6JraAaBa roBop'br. VI raKa HararbK. Ta3I4 Ta6JrIdIIa eHATIbJIHO XI{IIOTETI4IIHA V B IJEfl. CME 3AJIOXI{JII4 MAJIKO NAPA-

MeTprr rd MaJrKo paAl4ocTaHllulvr" T. e. He HI4 no3BorsBa Aa npa-BrdM BaJvrAHr{ 3aKJrroqeH[q. Ho nbK e Ao6pa Karo flpldMep.

Kax ce rroJrfraBar re3rl AaHHtt? I4snoprte ca rpr wr4aioQuquamru Aalnnvr, r/r3flBrenvrfl, Ha 3aI{HTepecoBaHI4Te vr 9ny-ruareJrcKr{ [poToKoJrr{.

OQu4uamu dauuu. Tosa slrHaru ca nafr-loctoBepHlrre AaH-Htr{, HO 3a He3aBrrcrdMlffe paAI4ocTaHutII4 pa3IIoJIaraMe c TBbpAe

MirJrKo rroAo6HX Mlurcpvatru. flo nparulo cblrlecrByBa pertlcr-pawrfl, nprr opraHilTe 3a ooilIecrBeHa cl4rypHoct. flpn ngroftHorapr,ryc rpx6na Aa ce [a3I{ aKTbr Ha rrpeAtBaHe, Ho IrbK He

e cr{rypHo, r{e qe H}{ ro [oKax(ar. Ato IrrKoft AeH perJIaMeHTbrcraHe rro-cTprIKTeH, r4 AoKyMeIITAWATA lIIe Ce yBeJII4tIId, HO 3a-

cera - TonKoBa. rlacr or oouIII4aJIHI4Te AaHHtt ca tIMeTo, qecro-

TATA W qacoBere Ha rrpeAaBanero. ,[lrmoMHa pa6ora, Koqro[peAcraB.rr noHe re3r4 TpI4 [apaMerbpa 3a BcruKI4 CbrIIeCTByBa-

IIII4 pa,qrfocTanr\r4r,[ Berre 614 npeAcraBJItBaJIa [oJIe3eH rlpldHoc.Itlsnereuun Ha 3auHmepecoqaHume. Tyr crana A) 4a ra ce IdIr-

TepBror4paT cJrlDKr4TeJIIdTe Ha paAI,rOCTaHIII4I4re. TOea, rOeto U1e

Ht[ Ka)Kilr rrle fiprreMevr sa o6eK[{BHo, aKo e ficHo, qe craBaBbnpoc 3amoga, KDemo me Kn36am I4 aKO Ca eAHaKBId Kplfrepld-

lI. I4:6oprr Ha reMa

r4Te Ha pa6oraTa Hrd. 3Harru Tpr6Ba Aa c'{ HanpaBr{M Bbrrpoc-HI4K, TaKa qe BCI4TIKI,I Aa OTI'OBOpqT Ha BCIIIIKI{ BbnpOCr{, KO'{TOcMrrTaMe 3a BDKHT4 r{ eBeHTyaJrHr4rr oTKa3 Aa 6bAe peu{cTpr4-pan. He e Ka3aHo, qe BbrrpocHurcr rpa6na Aa fipeArroJraracaMo orroBopv. c ,,Aa(( yt ,,He". Aro eceKla or paAl4olrlelfoeereHaIIpaBI4 npOrpaMHO t{3tBJIeHI4e, TO CT,BKyIIHOCTTa OT BCI4TIKI4

Te3r{ u3.flBreHr{r ule 6lge noleaeH AoKyMeHT sa aHarrae. Herago6pe ce pae6epevr sa ynorpe6ara Ha nolurrr4ero ,,o6eKrms-Hocr" B uogo6uu c.lrylc;n. Aro ure<f Ha paArlo sartBrt^, qe ,,Hr{eHflMaMe rroJrrrrrrlrecKr4 rleilv ,t sac nuxofr He Hr{ $uuancttpa",ToBa He o3HaqaBa, qe rofr Ka3Ba I4crl4Hara; Ho e o6ernueeu nn-mepua,( Qarrm, qe roBa pa,quo ce npeAcraB.,r rro ro3r{ naqrm. Bruat\-go6pwn cnlnrafr Mo)I(e Ia ce HarrpaBrl Kpr{TrrqeH aHaJrr43 HanpeAaBaHr.{qTa Ha BbnpocHaTa pa,qr4ocTaHrlr,fr, 3a Aa ce ycTaHo-Br4 BepHr,r il[. ca ayuure na co6crBeHr{Ka My.

Ctywametcrcu npomoKo/ru. IIo roeu rpureplrfr Mo)Kere Aapa3Jfitrlrr"re cepr,ro3Hara or na6rpso cBbprxeHara pa6ora. Iarro3HaBare gefiuocma Ha eAHa pagr{ocranrlr4r o3HaqaBa AacJreAr4re rrpegaBaHr,rflra ir.{ac rro qac B npoAbJDKeHr{e, Ia pe-qeM, Ha eAHa ceAMI4IIa, cbcraBflitt<vt cu Heulo Karo rrporoKoil,e roftro e or6erqgaHo KaKBo r4 Kora BbpBrl e e(fup, KaKBa eAbJDKT{Hara na py6pllrure, KaKBo e cborHorrreHr{ero Me)KIyMy3r,rKa rr roBop, rofr npuclcrBa Ha gelamtre, aKo raKrlBatr{Ma, KaKBtr{ ca rexHr4re reMrl r4 r. n. B Ar4nJroMHara cw pa6o-Ta He rrle Mo)Kere Aa BKapaTe Bcr4r{Ko, KoeTo onpeAeJreHo pa-Ar,ro e npeAaJro 3a eAHa ceAMr4rla, HO rrbK rrle Mo)r(eTe Aa [pr4-BeAere re3r4, cnopeA Bac, KpacHopeq[Br4 rrpr,rMeprl (xouenra-pu Ha fiecHtr{, urerr{ [o BpeMe na ge6ar, Haqr4H Ha npeAcraBfl-He Ha HOBI,IHI4Te), OT KOI{TO IIIe Ce vrcflCHvI xyAOx(eCTBeHr4fT,JlldHrBr4crr{qnwrr u rAeoroulqe cKr[flT npoQrn Ha pa3ure)r(Aa-HaTa paAr4ocTaHrlrrff.

Clulecrnyaar Mogeru{ Ha raKrdBa npotoKoJrrl, uspa6orraHuB rrpoAbJDKeHr,re Ha toavrEm,3acrrarr[4 Karoo paArdoTo, TaKa vTereBvr3rrflTa. B rsx ca or6erssaHrr roqHara AbJDKr4Ha Ha HoBr4-Hr,me, uepuo[rqHocrra e yuo,r'pe6am Ha onpeAeJreHr4 TepMr4Hr4r r.H. Begurx HarpaBr{JM no4o6no npo} rBaHe Bbpxy HqKorKopaAr{omaHrlr{rr, Mo)KeTe Aa npeMr4HeTe KbM CbrrOcTaBKaTa Ha

60

l*6l

II. 6. ,,Hay.rna" fifiil ,,iloilvTltqecxa" teva

Marepldarlrre. Hanplrrep KaK eAHa r{ cbrrla fleceH r,{Jrr{ HoBr,rHa

e 6vna npeAcraBeHa or ABe r4Jrr{ rroBeqe paAr4ocraHqr,{r4.

Moxerc r{ Aa cpaBHr4Te flporpaMrlre Ha paAr,rocraHrlr,rr{Te,co6creeHocr Ha rurKofl MoHorroJrHa crpyrsypa, c re3r{ Ha He3a-Bt/OttMJrIe paAr{ocTaHrlr{rr: cborHorleHr/rflTa Mexqy My3r{Ka r/r

roBop, HoBr{Hr4 w sa6asnr [porpaMr{, py1pvtwtpr peKJraMr4, Krra-cIGIecKa w sa6asna My3r4Ka, Harrra 14 qyxqa My3r4Ka, Tpagr4rlu-oHHa r4 MoAepHa ea6asHa My3r4Ka r,r r.H. Karro BrDKAare, orcl{creMaTr4rrHoro cJreAeHe Ha nporpaMr4Te, cbc 3ByKo3a[r{cHoycrpofrcrao r{ c MoJrr4B B pbKa, Mox(ere,qa u3Breqere r,{3Bo[r4,Kolrro se 6uxa Monrrl Aa 6rAar HarrpaBeHr4 na 6asara na cr,6-palJrrs, oT r4HTepBroTaTa MaTepr{an.

flonqrora caMo cbnocraBrHero Ha pa3rr,rrrHrrre peKnaMo-AareJII,r (pecropaHrt\ KvHa) r,r3AareJrcKr4 KbuIr4 n r. n.) Mo)Ke

Ea BM noAcKa>r(e Herrlo oKoJro r4Harre Hefl.cnr4fl. Bbrrpoc sa Qu-HaHCr4paHeTO Ha AaAeHO paAr4o.

EgnHcrneHoro ycJroBr4e e Aa He cJreABare rrpegrroJroxeHr{tor rldna Ha ,,aKo B HeAerq no o6sA rrpeAaBa norr My3r{Ka r{peKJraMa Ha ,,lIaH AM", To roBa e [poaMepr4KaHcKo pagvro",galrloro rpa6na Aa 3Haere KaKBo ra3r4 paAr4ocraHurrq e [peAa-ilA U B eAI,lH, ABa, Tpl[ rIaCA, a CI'UIO I4 B nOHeAeJIHI4K, BTOp-

HI4K, Cprla...Aro paguocraHur4r{Te ca MHoro, rrMare caMo ABa Bb3-

MOX(Hr{ IIbTfl 3a CJIeABaHe: MIV Aa rr4 CiryUIaTe BCI{rIKI4 3ae-

AHo, 3anr,{ceafixta [peAaBaHr{rra vM Ha orAeJrHrl HocrrreJrr4tro eAHo r{ cbrqo BpeMe (u rona e fio-cepr{o3Horo pa3peua-BaHe Ha npo6reua, 3arrloro rqe cpaBHrBare npeAaBanrrfr.,rSJIbqeHI4 B paMKrdTe Ha eAr4H r4 Cbrrl XpOHOnOrr4qeCKr4 rre-plloA), r4Jrr{ trbK Aa u{ [pocJryrrrBare tro eAHo sa ceAurqa. BTo3u cJrf{aft qe rpn6na ga pa6orurre 3ApaBara, 3aqoro rrlerpr6na [a 3a[a3r4re pa3yMeH [eprloq Ha [pocJryrrrBaHe,roftro He Mo)Ke Aa 6rAe or rldrra Ha rrrecr Meceqa r4nr4 eAHaroArrHa, ruil raro B pa3rJrex(AaHr{fl ceKTop Herrlara ce [po-MeHtr 6rpso r{ qecro tt we 6w rrMairo cMr{cbJr Aa cpaBuqBa-Te [porpaMr4Te Ha paAr{o ,,Eera" or flHyapr4, c re3r4 Ha pa-gro ,,ArQa" or aBrycr, 3arrloro npe3 ToBa BpeMe roil sHaeKaKbB Kypc qe e noeJro pagl{o ,,Eera".

II. I4s6oprt Ha reMa

Ar<o nplreueM, qe cre cBbprur4Jrrl Ao6pe BcrlrrKo orrr4caHo

AoTyK, TO KaKBo Br{ OCraBa Aa HarrpaBrdre? Ky[ Apyrr{ Herrla.IIle rae6por HflKom or rrx:

-,[a cr6epere AaHHr{ 3a cJry[raeMocrra; navra oQlrquan-Ha cTaTr4cTI4Ka Id He MO)r(e Aa Ce BrpBa Ha Ka3aHoTo oT 3aI4H-TepecoBaHr{Te cTpaHr4; eAr{HcTBeHoro perueHr{e e coH[ax(rrocpeAcrBoru o6axlasr/rl Ha clyrafrnu xopa (,,Koe paAr{ocnylrare B MoMeHTa?"). Tora e Merolbr, cJreABaH or Abp-x€BHaTa TereBtr{3tr{q, Ho r{3r{cKBa onpe[eJreHa opraHI{3arlilqna pa6orarauHe e eBTr{H. flo-go6pe ce orKax(ere or roBa rd3-

cJIeABaHe, OTKOJIKOTO AA 3AflBVne, qe ,,MHO3trfHCTBOTO CnymapaAr4o ,,leilta" caMo 3alrloro rIerI4Ma or rIpIrgreJIvITe BIr caBri r<aga;w\ qe cJrynar r{MeHHo nero. Togn npo6nevr Br{ rro-Ka3Ba KaK Mo)r(e ga ce pa6orr,r HafrHo r4 Bbpxy egrrn roJrKoBacbBpeMeHer r4 ar{ryalteH lpo6leu, Ho tr{ KoJrKo e rpyAHoToBa: rro-Ao6pe gunnovtia pa6ora Bbpxy r4cropr4flTa Ha pr{M-cKaTa uM.neptrfl., [o-JrecHa e.

- !a eanucBare cnopoBere rd3 rreqara rr eBeHTyaJrHr4TeoIIeHKr4 3a OTAeJrHnre pa[rdocraHr\r m.

-.[a crbepere BcnrrKr4 3aKoHrl wuapeg6vt rro Bbnpoca r,{ Aanocoqr(Te AaJrr4 oTAeJrHrfTe MeAr{r4 rr4 cneABaT r,lJrr4 Hapyla-Bar, KaKTo vKaKBrr' npo6levrn [oparq4a aKTyaJrHoro 3aKoHo-AaTeircTBo.

- ,[a upuneAere [o3rtrlr4r{Te Ha orAeJrHr4Te naprrdr,{ [oBbrrpoca.

-,[a ce onr{Tare Aa cbcraBrlTe cpaBHrfrennu ra6rurqu HarleHrrre 3a peKiraMa. Aopr r{ cJr)DKr{TeJrr4Te Ha eAHo paArdo AaHe BI4 KilKaT trlfit AA BU I{3JIb)IQT, TO MOXeTe Aa TIOJITII{Terasr unQopMarlr{fi or caMr4Te peKiraMo4areJrrd.

- .{a nsevrere AaAeHo cr6vrcve (la peuevr ns6opu) rarorlpl4Mep 3a ToBa KaK rO OTpa3rBar ABe, Tpr4 r4Jrrd noBerre paav-ocTar{rl[[.

- ,[a aualu3r{pare crr4Jra Ha pa3nr{qHl,rre rrpeAaBareJlr,r orJlttHrBucrr4rrHa HreAHa roqKa (wvtwaryvt Ha roBoprlTenr4Te HaAbpxraBHoro paAr{o, Ha aMepr{Kaucrcr DJ, r43rroJrBaHe Ha rep-MI{HOJrOrr4r, XapaKTepHa 3a olpereJreHa [oJr[TyrrecKa flapTvrs,ynorpe6a Ha ArdaJreKrHu <fopvrr,r u r. n.).

II. 6. ,,Hayrna" I,irr4 ,,[orr4TtrqecKa" reMa

- [a cr6epere MHeHrlfl Ha ropr4crr,r, noirr{Tldqecrrl, Irr[Aepr4I4 T. H. orHocuo r{HTepecyBarrlrlTe Br4 craHllr4r{. Tpu unenuaIIpaBtT CTAT\Lfl,3a BeCTHI4K, CTO - aHKeTa

-,{a cl6epere rlflJrara cbrrlecrByBarqa 6u6luorpaQur noBbrlpoca - oT KHr4u4Te yr cTaTur(Te Ao aHaJrolr{qHr4 r{3cJre[Ba-rrnfl B Apyru CTpaHr{ r4 AO CTaTr,rU ttl Hafi-NtaJrKO r{3BeCTHr4Te

rrpoBrrHrlrlaJrHr4 BecrHr{rJM vr cr.urcanvfr. - TaKa qe ga crbepereBb3MoN(Ho nail-nrnen na6op or MareprdaJur.

Hera 6rge flcHo, qe He e r{DKHo Aa rrpaBr4Te acuttKD ToBa.Eduo-edtmcmleHo or rs6poeHrre Herqa, clutaAa e HarrpaBe-uo go6pe, Berre [pegcraBJrflBa reMa 3a Arl[JroMHa pa6ora.Hrro ntr e Ka3aHo, qe roBa ca eAI{HcrBeHIdre Herqa, Kor4ToMorar Aa ce Haflpaenr. flpocro [ocoqrdx H.flKorl npr4Mepr{, 3a

Aa rroKa>r(a KaK MO)Ke Aa Ce HAnr rrre HarreH Tpw 14 Bbpxynpo6reu, sa rofrro He e nocBereHa HayrrHa Jrr4Teparypa, TaKatle ro3l{ Tpyn Aa 6rge uoreseH 3a Apyfl4Te, Aa Mox(e Aa 6rgeBKJIIoqeH B eAHo flo-rrrrdpoKo rdscJreABaHe, ga 6l4e 3aAbJDKr4-TeJreH 3a BceKr, rofrro vrcKa \a sagul6our rd3cJleABaHero Hapa3nlexAaHra npo6leu vr Ea e Jrr{[reH or cnyrafrru{ KoHcra-T ar\wu r npu 6npsa Hw vrsBo4l'r'.

W raxa, Ia nprdKJrroqBaMe: HayqHa ulu no4umwrccKamena? fpemen Bbupoc. Egnarno HafrHo e KaKro Aa Hafivr-rrrere Ar4rrJrouna pa6ora Bbpxy r,rAer{Te na llnaron, TaKa M

Bbpxy qefrnocrra Ha HrKoe rroJrlrrrdqecKo ABrDKeHrre or cpe-Aara Ha AecerrdJrerfiero. Aro cre cryAeHT, xofrro x(eJrae Aapa6orra cepr{o3Ho, floMrdcJrere qo6pe, npegrr ga lrc6epere, sa-rrloTo BTopvrflT BvrA TeMa e HecbMHeHo [o-TpyAeH u rr3r cKBaflo-Br{coKa crerreH Ha Haf{Ho cb3p{BaHe. Axo ne 3a Apyro, To[oHe 3arr{oro rr.rrMa Aa rdMare 6u6lrorexr, Ha Kor,rro Aa ceo6lernere n pa6orara crl; rro-cKopo qe rpl6na cal.rtw Aa cb-6epere 6vr6mmexa tro Bbrpoca.

Tara qe MoN(e Aa Harrrdrrrere Haf{Ho rgMa, Korro HrKorI6uxa onpegervnrrr. xaro,,ny6nv\mclvrrna", rl3xo)<gafrrra or3aruraBr{ero ir. IIo c'bu\r r. Haqr,ru Mo)r(e Aa Hanrdrrrere tto xyp-HaJll4crrlqecKrr AunJroMua pa6ora, Korro, cnope4 3auraBrdero,6n tpa6nano Aa 6rAe crporo Haf{Ha.

62 63

II. I4:6oprr Ha reMa

II. 7. Kan Aa [36erHelr oilacHocrra ra ce oKilr(errI,I3nOJI3BaHLI OT HayrlHtrfl Cr,r pbKoBo,qItTeJI

llonsxora cryAeHT'lbr cvt tts6vrpa reMa Ha 6asara na co6cr-BeHr4Te CI{ r{HTepecr{, Ho noHflKora Tt My e noAcKa3aHa oTlperroAaBareJn, KbM Kororo ce e o6rpnan c uol6a Aa MycTaHe HarreH pbKoBoAr4TeJr.

llplr uogcra3BaHero Ha reMrr npenogaBareJrr,rre Morar AacneABaT ABa pa3nr4lrHrr Kpr4Tepufl: Aa HacoqaT KbM TeMa, Ko-flTO IIO3HaBaT OTJrr4qHO I{ rro KO.TITO JTeCHO IIIe MOraT [a Ha-IIITCTBaT II{nJTOMaHTA \LIIM KbM TeMa, KOTTO He nO3HaBaTAocrarbqHo, a 6tma vcKalrlr^ Aa Hafrar rroBeqe rro Hefi.

Hera 6lge rcHo, rre o6paruo Ha rrbpBoro Brrer{arJreHr4e,Bropr4rr xpurepnfr e no-qecreH r.r no-6laropoAeH. llpu neronperrogaBareJrtr cqrdra, qe cJreABafrrr,r nupocHara reMa, ca-ursr rofi qe rpa6ea Aa pa3ilrr4pr4 co6crseHnre cr4 rro3naHnr,3au{oro, aKo x(eJrae Ao6pe Aa orleHrd Ar4nJroMaHTa w \a My rro-Mara no BpeMe na pa6orar?, trI€ rpn6na cawuflT rofr ga ce3axBar{e c Herqo nogo. O6l,IrI{oBeHo, aKo rrperloAaBareJrflT I43-6epe rosu rlbr, ToBa o3HaqaBa, qe rrMa AoBepl,re B AIlnJroMaH-Ta a4. I4 o6[xHoseHo Ar4peKTHo My Ka3Ba, qe roBa e HoBaTeMa I{ 3a Hero v qe r[cr<a ga aagu6or{I4 no3HaHl4fra crr. BTp-xy Heq. I/hta gaxe nperrogaBareJrrl, Kotr{To orKa3Bar Aa rrprle-Mar reMr4, pa3rne)rqaqr4 Beqe paspa6oreHlr npo6nelru.

VIua o6aqe cJrfrar{, B Kor{To nperroAaBareJrrr ce e 3axBa-nan c o6ruupHo r,r3cJreABaHe, 3a Koero r{Ma H1r)rqa or rBbpAeMHOrO }laTept4Arrv I,I peuaBa ,qa rd3[oJrsBa Ar{rrnoMaHTuTe cwraro ceoft eruu. llopaAr{ ToBa rofr opuenurpa reMr4re r4MKbM onpeAeJreH rrepr{o4, 14 uM AaBa cborBerHa HacoKa. Arocr4 [peAcraBr4M [pe[oAaBaTeJr no r4KoHoMWKa, 3AVHTepeCy-BaH Or CICTOTHT{eTo Ha rrHlycTprtflTa B AaAeH rrepr{oA, ro rofi6ll gan reMld, HacoqeHld KbM pa3JII{rIHr,{ ceKTopI{, TaKa qeKaTO rlrno Aa ce noJryqr4 rrbJrHa KapTr4Ha Ha r{HTepecyBarqr{flro npo6relr. Tarss nolxoA He caMo e Jrerr4Tr4MeH, Ho tr{ no-Jre3eu or HayqHa rneAHa roqKa: TaKa Ar,rnJroMHr,{re pa6or:lrAorrpr4HacflT 3a pa3Br4Tr{ero Ha eguo to-o6ur{pHo r43cneABa-

64

II. 7. Kar Aa us6erHev onacHocrra Ia ce oKDKeM ,I3noJI3BaHI{

He, Koero e or KoJreKTI4BeH I4HTepeC. TO3I4 nOAXOA e rIOJIe3eH

14 or Ar{AaKTr4qHa rJreAHa ToqKa, 3aIrIoTo AI4nnoMaHrbT IrIeMox(e Aa pa3rrr4Ta Ha cbBerldre Ha eAI4H orJrI{tIHo llntfopvru-paH lro npo6reua [penogaBareJl I4 3aqoro ilIe Moxe Aa I,I3-

rroJr3Ba KaTo r{3xoAeH MaTepI{aJI Beqe roToBI4Te AI{IJIOMH'{pa6orrd Ha Apyrld cryAeHTI{, KaKTo

't Aa cbrlocraBfl cBotra crqx. AKo nbK Ar4[noMaHrbr e cBbpIrIIlJI go6pe cBotra pa6o-Ta, Mox(e Aa ce HaAflBa, ue pa6orara My trle 6b[e ny6maryna-Ha, ttoHe orqacrl4, nrr 6rno ro I{ B paMKI{Te Ha eAI,IH KoreK-Tr4BeH rpyA.

Brsr\4o)KHr4 ca o6aqe rq HflKovt HeyAo6crBa.1. flpenogaBareJltr ce e noronl{r I4sIIqro B TeMara I4 I€pa

Ar{rrJroMaHTa ga pa6orr4 Bbpxy upo6reuu, Kt'M Kotdro

Ar4rrnoMaHTbr HflMa r{HTepec. Tara cryAeHTtT Hocll BoAa orAeBer Aepera, cr{peq rlorl{ ce ga cr1wpa MarepuaJl, xofiro srpafrna cMerKa npyrr4 rrle l4HTeprperldpar. Wr#q Karo ue cerroJrfrrr nocpegcrBeHa Ar{flnoMua pa6ora, ro n xpaiaHa cMer-Ka [peloAaBareJltr, clcrasqffKld oKoHqareJIHI{t reKcr Ha I43-

cJIeABaHero, Mox(e I{ Aa Id3noJI3Ba Marepr{aJr or Hefl, no 6es Aafl. r\vtTvtpa, 3arrloTo B Hefl H.flMa Aa e r{3pa3eHa HtIKaKBa KoH-qenqr4r rro pa3HrexlaHl4fl Bbnpoc.

2. llpenogaBareJur e HeqecreH, Kapa cryAeHTvneqa pa6o-TtT, OcrdrypflBa [r4rrJroMl,IpaHeTo ,lM VI HAK2AS

'{gnOrtsea 6es

3aIpDrKr4 TexHrdre paspa6otxu, Karo rle rI4 ca HeroBI,I. flons-Kora craBa AyMa 3a HeqecrHocr, cJIeAcrBI{e Ha y{ go6paBOJUr: [pe[OAaBareJIrIT e CJIeABaJI TeMaTa C rlHTepec, rIoAcKa-Satr e MHoro wilev, a cneA BpeMe Beqe He pa3Jl'IqaBa vr4efiTe,KOI4TO CaM e [OACKa3aiI tll Te3t\ KOWTO CA Cil Ha cTyAeHTa.

Tara rarro cJreA pas[aJleHa Allcl(yctlfl rlo AaAeH npo6nevr

rracrHr4rlr4Te Beqe He ca B cbcToflHl4e Aa cI4 rIpI4rIoMHtT TOq-

HO r43XOAHr4Te Cr{ rrO3r4rII,lI , IjMTO rIbK Aa nOCOqar KOI{ Ca tqe-r{Te, rrpr4eTr{ noA BnI{flHI{eTo Ha ApyrI{Te.

Kar Aa us6erHeNr noAo6rut ueyqo6craa? CryAentnr, o6pl-llpitwt ce KbM o[peAeJIeH npe[oAaBareJl, Beqe Ir1c e qyn Helqo3a Hero oT cBoI4Te rrpr'r[Telr\{, qe ce e cpeIrIaJI c HefoBI{ Ber{e 3a-

BT'pI[r{JIt{ AI{IIJIOMaHTVLII-JJ19 CI{ e CbCTaBI4JI MH9HI'IO 3a KOpeKI-Hoctra vry. IIIe e qeJI KHI{rI,rre My tI qe e o6rpnal BHI{MaHI4e

5. Kar ce rr4rrre Alrn.roMHa pa6ora 65

F]

trs,,i{r?.t

II. Tls6oprt Ha reMa

AUIJII4 qecTo caW{ttIpAHI[ XOpaTa, C KOI,ffO e IfiBbpIxeHO I43CJI0[-

BaHero vfirv He. Kolxoro Ao ocraHaJroro - B I{rpa BJII43ar

HeonpeAeJll4Mrfle [oHqTI,{s,,yBa)KeHtr[e(' v,,yoBepvre" .

OceeH Bo{qKo Apyro, He rpt6Ba Aa ce IrcflaAa B HeBpo3a

BLLHAr ., KOrarO HffKOfr Ce AOKOCHe AO pa3pa6OTBaHI{re OT Bac

rrpo6JreMrd. Axo, uaupuMep, paoorara Bfi 3actra Bpb3KaraMexly AapBrrHr43bM rd iraMapKI43T,M, BI[e CTe pa36paJltr{, qe-

TefrKr4 JU{TepaTypaTa no Bb[poca; KoJrKo MHolo I43cJIeAOBaTe-

Jrr{ Beqe ca ce [poI{3HecJII4 no TO3I{ npO6JIeM I4 KOJIKO MHOrO

vaerr ce cnoqerqr or BcI{rrKI{ rqx. Taxa qe He ce .rysctsaftreI43MaMeHrd teIJrrrL aKo cJIeA BpeMe ]Ja)nlHlrflT BI{ pbKOBOAI4-

TeJr, HeroB acr{cTeHT IIJIII nbK BalII [pI4qreJI ce 3aeN',Ie cbc cb-IrIaTa TeMa, c Korro cTe ce AI{[IJIoMI4paJII4.

floq xpax6a Ha I4HreiIeKTyaJreH rpyA ce paz6wpa no-cKo-po rd3noJr3BaHero Ha olr{THI4 pffiyJlTarl4, KOI{rO He Mofar Aace tro.'rfrar, 6es ga ce [poBeAe cbll{I{flr eKcnepI4MeHT; nplrc-BOfBaHeTO Ha TpaHCKpV'JilIr{fl"rA Ha peAKI4 pbKO[]tcI4, KOI{TO

Hr4KOra He Ca 1ililV pa3qr4raHr{ npeAl4 Bac, Ho caMo npu IIo-Jro)r(eH[e, qe e [poflycHaTo III{TI4paHeTo (saqoro BeAHbx(rrloM TpaHcKpIdnIIIdflTa e Bvtp.r-Iln 6qr csflr BceKId I4Ma npaBo

Aa fl qr{rrlpa); usnonsnaHero Ha Ba[rlt npeBo4vrlna He[peBex(-

AaHr4 npeAl4 BaC TeKCTOB9 VIIA rIbK Ha TaKtr{Ba, IIpeBeAeHI{, HorrbK rro Apyr HaqrrH.

llpu ncrurvL cJryqaw,6es Aa l{3[aAare B napaHoq, B3eMerenpeABrdA r{ Bbnpoca AaJrrl TeMara, Koflro rc6rpare BI{ BKJIIoq-

Ba B KOJreKTr4BeH rrpOeKT VrJrM He I4 aKO OTTOBOpbT e Aa, npe-rIeHeTe Aarr[- cv 3acJlrjKaBa.

6667

III.'I3AI4PBAHE IIA MATEPI{AIII{TE

III. 1. [oclnnnocr Ha I'r3Boprrre

UL 1. l. Karceu ca'uslopume uanaywun mpyd

,[unlounara pa6ora I{3fraBa AaAeH o6err, ctryxefttclt' cw

c orlpeAeneHld I{Hcrpryesrll. Mnoro qecro o6errur e Knr{ra'

a tlHcrpyMeHTtr{re - [pyrlr KHtIrt{. Taxte e cJD {atr Ha Avrtt-

novrnrie pa6out cbc 3arJraBr{fl or rr4rra ua l4rnnonwlecKnma

rnucbrt ua^Adarn cuum. flpu msr reua o6ermr ca KHI4II4Te

na AAarnr Curt, a rncrpyrnreHrl{re - KHIITI{Te Bbpxy 4qu*Cuur. B raxrs cryqalT^qe Kax(eM' rle KHtIrIlTe na AnavCultr npeAcraBrqBar I43BopI4 om nbpea pbKa' AoKaro re3l4

Bbpxy Agarur Cvrur - om smopa pbKn' uilt[ rocBereHara HeMy

rplarlruecxa Jrl4Teparypa. Ho aroreMara e ltlsaopume H& uKo-

HornuqecKama rnucbll ua Adan Ctwum, To I/t3Bopt{ OT IIbpBa

pbKa IrIe 6tAar KHI{rI4Te IIJII{ TeKcroBere' or KoI{To Cruut e

norDr.IrS cBoeTo BAT'XHOBeHI,Ie. Paa6rpa ce, tr{3TOqHI4III4Te Ha

BlbxHoBeHI4e Morar Aa 6tAar l{cropl4tlecKvt' c't'6vrTilm' (raro ucbcrotJrl4 Ce IIO HeroBo BpeMe arrcKycwl oKOJTO OnpeAeJIeHr{

Rrneunr), Ho rIbK nogo6nlr cT 6vrtus, ca AocTGIIHII caMo [oc-pe[cTBoM ntIcMeH MarepI4aJI, T. e. qpe3 Apyru TeKcTOBe'-

B Apyrff cJrf{at{ o6ermr Ha I{3cneABaHe e peaJrHo tBJIe-

HI4e: TaKa e [pI4 TeMI4 KaTO BbTpeIIrHaTa Ml{rpaqilfl' y Hac'

Karo rIoBeAeHI4ero Ha rpyfla [eqa-I4HBaJII4AI4, Karo MHeHI4flTa

HaTeIeBu3I4oHHI4Te3pI{TenI{3aTeqau${noTeJIeBI{3I{'TanporpaMl{. B rcsrt cn1l.{all v'arepr ailvtre HI{ Bce oue He cb-

uiaat"y"ut nog Qopr'aara Ha Ha[I{caHId reKcroBe, a rpa6na

B'IeAarldnpeBbpHeTeBTeKCTOBe,KOI{TOIrIeI43[OJI3BaTeBArdnJIoMHara cr pa6ora B KarrecrBoro tIM Ha [oKyMeHTId:

roea 6l4xa 6ttttu crarwcrl4qecKl4 E HHUL I'IHTepBIora, rIoHtKo-

ra <f ororpa Qttu vtnr.Aopld ayEIloBI{3yaJIHa AoKyMeHraIIrs' floorHoureuI{e flpoql{Ta Ha KpilTl4Kara o6a're Helrlara He ce [po-MeHflT oco6eno ctrptMo rlpelurrlHl{fl cnyraft. VIgawnvaxuvt-

III. I4sgupaaHe Ha MareprraJrr{re

t\r r[. cTaTtLr4 oT HarrHr{, cilvcallyrfl,, cbc cr{rypHocT rrle r,{MaB ecTH 14 K apc KVr cT aTrLtL r4 p a3 Jr rarHrd BrdAo B e Ao KyMerrrrd.

Hera surora He ce 3a6paBr pa3nrdKara Mexny r{3Bopr{ r4

Kpr4Tr{Ka, 3arrloTo, MaKap r4 qecTo Kpr{Tr4qecKaTa Jlr{TepaTypaAa npeAcTaBfl Ha qr4TaTeJrtTe qacTr4 oT BauDrTe rd3Bopr,l - KaK-To rqe Br{Ar{M B cJreABarqr{r naparpaQ - ToBa ca u36opu om6mopa pbKa. OcBeH Bcr,rqKo Apyro, eAHo rrprr6bp3ano Hanpa-BeHO I{ XaOTr4rrHO r{3CJreABaHe MOX(e JIeCHO Aa AOBeAe AOo6rpxraue Mexly roBa, Koero rrle flr4ruere Bbpxy r{3Bopr,rre rd

oHoBa, Koero rqe nocBerr,rre Ha Kprdrrmara. Aro clrra ns6panKaro reMa l4tauofiuraect(tma lnucb/t ua Adan Cnum, a c Harr-pegBaHero ua pa6oram 3a6ere)€, qe orIeJUrM rroBeqe BHrl-MaHr4e Ha Ar4cr(yTr{paHeTo Ha Heqr4r{ r{HTepnpeTarltrrd, oTKoJr-Koro Ha reKcroBere Ha cauvfl. Cvur, rc rpa6na Aa Ha[paBtABe HeIIIa: rIJw Aa Ce BbpHa r(bM r{3BOpr{Te Cvr, uJru Aa peu]aAa rrpoMeHfl TeMaTa Ha: uHmepnpema4uume ua ctuum 6 cb6-pe/ueHHama auztuiioca tu^epaaua /nucbll. Tosa He rrle Mrd no3-BoJrr4 Aa npene6perua Ka3aHoro or Cuur, Ho e orreBr4AHo, qe

cera Beqe u{e oTAeJItM noBelle BHIdMaHI4e He TOJIKOBa Ha He-roBr,rre [por43BeAeHrrfl, KoJrKoTo Ha TpyAOBeTe Ha aBTOpr{,BAbxHoBeHr{ or Hero. Pas6upa ce, aKo rlcKaM sagrlboveno gaalr.ailltaupaM r{Hreprrperaropr{re, ule rpn6ea Aa cpaBHJr rex-HrdTe r{HTepnpeTarlr4rr c oprru4HaJrHrfi TeKcT.

Moxe Aa ce oKalr(e, qe oprrfl4HaJrHara MrrcbJr rBbpAe MaJr-Ko Me l4HTepecyBa. ,{a upreueM, rre [cKaM Aa 3arroqHa reMaBbpxy freHr4ero 3eH s .flrroHcKara rpaqrlrrvs.flcno e, qe qerpx6na Aa r{era Ha rrroHcKld r{ qe He Mora Aa BflpBaM Ha MaJr-Koro 3anaAHrr npeBoAr{, c Kordro pa3[oJraraM. ,[a npegnono-xravr o6aqe, ue uerefrxrr Kpr.[Tt4Kara, pas6epa, qe BcblrlHocrce r4HrepecyBaM MHoro noBerre or ynorpe6ara Ha 3en y avre-pr{KaHcKr4fi Jrr{TepaTypeH r,r xyAo)r(ecTBeH aBaHfapA Ha [eTAe-cerre roAr,rHu. .flcuo e, qe rtprd roBa [oJroxeHr4e a3 Beqe HecbM 3ar,rHTepecyBaH Aa 3HaM c a6colrcrua reoJrorr{qecKa r(

Ql,rnororuuecKa rorrHocr cMI,IcbJIa Ha fleHl{ero 3eu, a otTOBa nO KaI(bB HaqtIH OpI{U{HaIHI,I I43TO[{HI{ r/t4en CA Ce [pe-BbpHaJrrt B eJreMeHTr{ Ha eAHa 3anaAHa r{AeoJrorr4.[ e o6racr-

68

I

III. 1. ,Ilocmnllocr Ha I'r3BoP'Ire

ra Ha l{3KycrBoro' TaKa reMara Ha AI{rIJIoMHn'?p:9.?':t?::,,n.,*"*tn' ua Vnompe1ama ua nHyuleHlwma ieH 6

"Jan'rti)riiio nrnaissance" npes nemdecemme zoduuu I{ Mol{re I/t3-

RoDr Beqe ue 6trat t.[.*""tt ua Kepyax, filnc6lpr' Oep-

;"#;; il.i6u- ca I'{3BopI{re, Bbpxy Kol/tro u1e rpn6ra sa

pa6ou, AoKaro no orHol[enlae ua 3eH ule ca MId Aocrarbql{tl

HTKoJIKo cl4rypHll KHIdrI4 n go6pu rpeBoltl' P*9iryf:::P.g-CMAM, tIC HqMAM HAMEPEHI4E AA AOKA3BAM' qC KAJII{(POPHT\III-

qtlTe rbJIKyBar ueupanunno 3eu, 3alrloro roraBa cb[ocraBKa-

Ta c opldrld"unttt" ""*atoBe ule 6tqe saguxurcmra' Ho

aKo ce orpaHldqa Aa flpr{eMa 3a tcHo' rle re ca ce BAbxHOB'fi-

BaJrn or npenogu or q[oHCKI'{, olroBa' Koero IrIe M9 I4HTepe-

;t;;tq" dtg" *u*"o re ca HanpaBnlrtr' ot 3en' a He KaKBo e

3en s qrlctut cld BI4A.

Bcuqxo roBa I4ABa Aa Btr KilKe, ue rpn6na flbpBo Aa onpe-

AeJrilTe uc'rrtlcKJir o6em Ha ArIIJIoMHuta cv\ pa6ora' satqoto

or caMoro HaqaJIo cJIeABa [a [oMIdcJrI4Te Bbpxy npo6nevra oa

AOCTbII{OCTTa Ha I'13BOPI4T0'-- n *pu.paQ III. 2.4, ue HaMeprre nptlMep 3a roBa' Kar

Mo)Ke Aa ce rpbrHe Irotrrl{ or HI{IrIoro, sa ila.!|.:TP].T]r [t:BopI4Te, Kol,lro Hn roq6sar B HnKofl MaJIKa bt'IorlloreKa' nu

IrIe craBa Bbnpoc au",u"'"t clryqafr' O6mnoeeHo ce us6llpa

TeMa, aKo cre HatcHO C AOCTbIrHocrra Ha Id3Bopldre '1

3Haere:

1. rcI'e ca AocrbIIHtI'2. lecno JIII ca AocrbrlHt{'3. \atu cre B cbcroflrr\[e Aa 6opantlre c rtx'i;;;;^"a,6uxMorbrl lrpu6qpsano Aa cw re6npa teua

Bbpxy orpeAeJIeHIl pbKorltlcl4 Ha[xoinc' 6es Aa tlry:-:-t::HaMI{par n yHrnepirrera Ha E}Qutto, I{JI[ nbK 3HaeI'IKId' qe

HflMa Aa Mora Aa orI'IAa rav^' lfLw' Aa fipldeMa c eHTyclda3bM

il t;d;t" sa 6asata Ha AoKyMeHrI4, npI4Ha[rIe)KaIrIId Ha qacr-

Hr[ Irl[t\a,3a Aa orl(pl4t Iro-KbcHo, qe re ca TBbpAe peBHI{BI{

KbM TflX U Ca cmonsil AA rv npeAocTaBflT CaMo Ha I43BeCTHI4

yn."t- Mo.a Aa pelua ga pa6or'a Br'pxy AocrbrlHld cpeAHoBe-

KoBHI{ AoKyMeHTI{,6es ga-cw [aM cMerKa' qe He IrIe Mora Aa

rr{ pa3qera, 3alrloro HI'{Kora He cbM yqIlJI naileorpaQltn'

69

g

III. Izlsgupnaue Ha Marepr4anr4re

Ho He e Hy)KHo Aa npr4BexlaMe roJrKoBa r{36r{crpeHrlrrpr,rMepr4, Mora Aa rrprleMa Aa pa6orr Bbpxy AaAeH aBrop,6eg Aa.sHaNa, qe oprdrl{HaJlHr{Te My reKcroBe ca r{3KJrroqr{-TeJIHo peAKI,r u qe ule rpr6na Aa nbryBaM Karo cMaxHarl'ae4qy pa3Jrr4qHrr 6lr6llrorervr B pa3lrrrrrHr crpaHu. I/htwrrbK Aa npeAnoJroxa, lre JrecHo Mora Aa ce cHa6As c MrdKpo-

Qurvu,r, 6es Aa cr,( AaM cMerKa,.rre B Mofl yHr4Bepcurer HflMaTexHr4Ka 3a qeTeHeTo r4M r4Jrr4 IIbK qe cTpaAaM oT Ko-HroHKTrdBr{T rir He Mora Aa noHeca nogo6ua pa60ra.

EegnoresHo e, aKo clvr $nrvoB MaHuaK, Aa B3eMa reMaBbp)ry ssrofr MaJrKo rsBecreH Qunvr or 4eaftcerre rognHr4, aKoIIO-KbCHO XIe OTKpI4ff, rle eAI,fHCTtseHOTO KOIIU€ OT HerO Ce na3l{are QunvroBtrr'apxrtB ers BauMHrroH.

Begntx pa3perlreH [po6JreMbr c rd3Bopr{re, 3HafrTe, qe cb-rrlrlTe Herrla BilKar r[. 3a Kpwrvtrara. Mora Aa r,{36epa reMaBbpxy Hsrofr MaJrKo r43BecreH aBTop or XMII B., 3arrloro B

rpaAcKara 6r6nuorexa ce HaMr4pa, Bvr4vflrr.trr{, nbpBoro rr3ga-HIde Ha rnop6ara My, Ho rrocJre Aa ce ycerr, rre Hafr-Ao6poroor nocBereHara Ha Hero Kpr4Tr4Ka Mora Ia cv na6ass cal,rocJreA cepr{osur QrnancoBr{ HarrbHrr.

Or lrsrbKHarldre npo6levlr He Moxere Aa ce orbpBere,peuranafiru rpocro ga pa6orure Bbpxy roBa, Koero e Ha pas-noJlo)r(eHrde, 3arrloro 6r6nuorpaQl4rra rro Barrrara reMa cireA-na ga 6rge lpoqerena, aKo He r{fl]rara, To ttoHe Bcr{lrKo, Koe-To rdMa crofrnocr, a c r{3Bopr{re e neo6xoAr{Mo ga pa6orurerprKo (nloi< cnege aurnr, fiaparpaQ).

Bruecro pa6orara Br,,r. Aa e floBbpxHocrua tro eAr4HHerrpocrr,{M Haqr{H, uo-go6pe e aa cv re6epere AI,rnJroMHa pa-6ota cnopeg Kperrepvfilrq r43JroxeHr,r s rraea II.

3a Aa su opr4errrdpaM, rr{e [prdBega urKoJrKo flpr{Mepa 3a

AI{[JroMHr4 pa6orr, Ha qrdflTo sarrlrlTa HacKopo npr{cbcrBax rd

B Kor{To r43Bopr4Te 6sxa nocoqeHrd MHoro tovno, 6axa

SopvrynrpaHn raKa, r{e Ar4[roMaHTr4Te Morar Aa rI{ oBJraAerrr{ ocBeH ToBa r,rM 6rxa gocmnHv, a caMrlTe Ar4rrJroMaHM.6qxaB cbcrotHl,re ga pa6our c rflx. llrpnara 6eure nrpxy Vnpaa-lreHuemo Ha yruepeHoKtepuKafilama napmr,ffi e o6u4uuama ua

Modena (1189-1910). [rnlot"Ianmr (rnu naymlflt'"ry pbKo-

;;;;;t;") 6eure onpegerll^Jl c rorltMa roqHocr o6eua Ha u3c-

JreABaHero. Cauusr frnno*urt 6erue ot Mogena, r. q., p16o-

ffi;;;cto. su6nllorpaSurra 6eure paeqelesa ua o6qa

r-tttu*u"a Bbpxy Molena' flpeqnonaraM' qe c- Bropara e

;;;; A. pa6ortr's 6r6nr'rorerllre s MoAeHa' Kolroto Ao

;Atq"d6t'6nuorpaQux, ue Aa e 6r'uo Heo6xoAuuo Aa orcKo-

;; A; HflKofl 6r,r^6nr'rorera s Hafi-6rlasKetfl' wvBepcllrercKld

u""f-p. II{o ce orHacfl Ao Id3Bopl4re, le 6rxa pa3AeJIeIrIl lra

;;;;;it"-; rry6n u urc rmq*t," [ramouaHrst 6eure npoqer

S^Cn IXO V }ALIInCTV'JI BCI'IIIKI'f BOCTHIIIII4' LI3III(3AII.pO3 pa3r-

IexAaHIds flepldoA.Bropata grannovnra pa6ora 6eure elpxy O6pasoaamentama

no/IumuKa Ha um(MuaHircama Kort4yHucmuqecKa napmur om /Ie-

ii ii"i"p do cntydeumcKume lbrlHeHufl' Tyr ctqo Bt{xgar€

;o.ilr<;;d o v 6wKa3arl' 6naropasyvtro' e Qruccl'tpaHa reMa-

tui*"1 1-968 trgcrelBaHero 6u imlra;lo xaorl'rtlHo' I4suoprre

O"*a oqlnutaJfi{IlflT fleqar Ha KoNryHl4crldqecKara flagrl4ff' trpo-

**ontta na flaplaueHTa, apxIlBIlT€ Ha llagultra I4 ocraHaJlll-

",,r".rur. ftperuiomraM, qe rolroro r{ Ilperlr43l{o Aa e IscJIeA-

BaHeTO, MHOIO HeIIIa OT BCIIqKI'I OCTaHaJII{ IIeqaTHI{ VI3.AAHVfl' CA

6unu uponycHarllt, Ho roBa onpeAereHo ca BTopocrerleHHld I43-

Boptl, cJIylKeIIrtI 3a I{3BJrI[tIaHero Ha MHeHIlx Id oueHKI{' Kono-

To^Ao [pyrcno, 3a Aa ce o[peAeJIIl o6paaoeareJlHara [onI{TtIKa

r{a KoMytn{cruqecKara rrl1fvrfl, AocrarbqHld 6axa oifuquaJlHld-

;;;;.w-;wrv.wuartte npeg"ng, qe Herlara 6,ma nsrnexga-

JIr{ [o cbBCeM pa3JMqeH Hauun, aKo craBallre Bbnpoc sa o6pa-

3oBareJlHara rIoJII4TIIKa Ha )apaBJltBalrlara fiaryr/tfl' Tosa e

TaKa, 3auloro or eAHa crpaHa 6u tpa6eano Aa ce BeMar [peA-

iw len ,^e o<furyralul'r uosuqt{u no Bbnpoca' a or Apyra -

peaJIHt{Te rIoJIIifTIdtIecKId geircrwt, Ko',fio 6lo<a uorru Aa He

cbBfla[ar c AeKJIapIryaHOro, a AOPff I'I Aa ro o[poBepraBar'

C"tq"'TaKa He aa6phnafrc' qe aKo pa3nlexraHllflT nepl4oA

;;;;.; orBbA 196ti, usvrex'uy ueoQuquarHlrre MHeHI{ n' tr' oo-

KyMelIrI{ Iqeue Aa 6rAe ueo6xoquuo Aa ce B3eMar [peABIlA I{

ra3I,I Ha Hapol{nllre ce I{3BbHraprlaMermapHi qyy]l..9ftuuu. Taxa ttscre[raHero 6r cranalo MHoro [o-TpynoeMKo' 5a

lI. 1. ,[ocrbuuocr Ha I'r3BoP[re

70 71,

lII. 1. !,ocrsnHocr Ha u3BoptlreIII. I4sgr,rpoane Ha Marepr4aJrrrre

Aa 3aBbp[Ia, [peAnoJraraM, qe Ar{rrJroMaHTbT e r{MaJr Bb3Mo)r(-HOCTTa Aa pa6orr4 B Pr,IM rlrrr4pla [OJrrrr{ Bcr4rrKr4Te My Heo6xo-Ar{Mr4 ooroKonr{r.

Tperara Ar{rrJroMHa pa6ora 6eure no cpeAHoBeKoBHa r{cro-pr4'{ t[,, B orII4Te Ha HeBe)ril{Te, I{3HIeXla[Ie MHOTO [O-TpyAHa.Orsacgrue ce Ao r{MyrqecrBara Ha a6arcrsoro CaH ,fisenoete Bepoua np€ KbcHoro CpeluoneKoBr{e. Clpuerrnara napa6orara 6eue rpancKpr{mlr,rrra (sa nrpnr nrr) na HrrKor4JrtrcroBe or perlrcrbpa na a6arcrBoro or XIII s. Pas6lrpa ce,

Ar4rrJroMaHTbT r,rMarrre rro3HaHr,rr IIo naJreorpaQwn, T. e. nopa3ru{TaHe Ha pbKorrr{ctrf, KaKTo rd Bbpxy rexHr.rKara 3a rpaH-crplr6upanero r,rM. Vlwaltrtr o6aue, Te3r4 no3Hanrdfl, craBarrreBT,rrpoc eAr{HcrBeHo 3a roBa, Aa cr{ cBbprxr4 pa6orara cepr{o-3Ho 14 Aa KoMeHTr4pa pe3yJrrarr,rre or rpaHcKpr{lrqlrsra. BcenaK Arr[JroMuara pa6ora BKrrrorrBarrre w 6v1nnorpaQlrr orrprficet 3arJlaBr4fl, 3a Aa ce BlI,IuIe I,{3cJreABaHrlm npo6levr negsa o6ula rcropr4qecKa Kaprrdrra. flpegnolaraM, qe Anlriro-MaHTbr 6eure or Bepona, T. e., qe e us6pan reMa, 3a Koqro Hee 6rlo Heo6xoguuo Aa flbryBa Harope-HaAoJry.

9erorprara Ar,rrrJroMHa pa6ora 6eure osarraBeHa llpedc-mazteHu-fl ua dparuamultHu meampu e Tpenmuruo. ,{rnlouau-mt, xofrto xl4Beelue BbB Bbnpocnara o6lacr, 3Haerue, qe6poat na nogo6ur4 rrpegcraBJreHr4r raM e orpaHrrqeH r{ ce6eure norprxvr ila rr{ peKoHcrpyrdpa nocpeAcrBoM r,r3rroJr3-BaHeTO Ha BeCTHr,rqr{, MeCTHT{ Apxr[Br[ v cTaTvcTwlecKr{ AaH-HIl orHocHo rroceulaeMoclra. He MHoro flo-pa3rr4qeu 6eure ucJr) rarr c flerara ArdrrJroMHa pa6ora: Acnercmu Ha rEtmypHa-ma notumurca e o6u4ma Eydpuo u dertuocmma ua o6uquuo<n-ma 1u1tuometca.Tosa ca ABa npr4Mepa 3a ArlrrJroMHa pa6ora,B KOI4TO r43BoprrTe Ca JTeCHO KOHTpOJD{pyeMt , a r43CJreABaHI,tff-

Ta - noJre3Hr{, 3arrloTo [peAocTaBrT cTaTrcTr4Ko-corll4oJrorr{-qecKr,r Marepr{an, rofiro Mo)r(e ra 6tge ld3rroJr3BaH e 6tAerql,tI,I3CJIeABaHI,Ifl.

Illecrara pa6ora trbK e npr,rMep sa r{3cJreABaHe, r43BbprrrenooT AI4nJIOMaHT, r{MaU{ Bb3MO){(HOCT Aa OTAeJIU IIOBeqe BpeMe I4

cpeAcrBa. B cruqoro BpeMe rroKa3Ba KaK Aa ce Ha[r,rue go6np

HA}^{EH TPY.q NO TEMA, KOflTO IETJIEXAA qI'ICTO KOMTTI'{JIATI{BHA'

3arrasfiero 6erue: lipo6ttent'nx 3& afinbopa e maop6u'":--:':

;;;16; A"tn' crasa''brpoc 3a MHoro r4-3BecreH aBrop' MHo-

roKpaTHO I,I3CJIeAB"H o" tn""opuqnr I'I reopert{w{ Ha reirrbpa'

Bbp)ry qt{I{TO rBopot{ KaTO qe J1I4 He MO)Ke[Ie Aa ce Kaxe HI[Iqo

nono. BtupeKI4 roBa' AIlrIJIoMaHTbr ce 6eure or[aJr Ha l{3cneA-

BaHe, I1t3I{CKBauIo BorIcKI4 HepBI',{ IiI CBbp3aHo c pa6ora " -1"n1-

qapcKl4 apxuBl4 I',I B peAl',Iqa 6r6nrorexu' HaMI{paqI{ ce ryK I',{

;&. B ripaftna cnoett a se 6eure ocraBllir lenpoyu€1:-:f:eAHo crr Mecrara, B Kot{To Ail{q Htrora e pa6oorl'ytryTYAa cbcraBld raKaBa 6ll6nlrorpaQttfl' Ha Ha['{caHoro or Hero

[*,ou"utK' B Her samanr'', irrora He qereHl4 or HI'IKoro

cJreA HarII4CBaHero I4M), qe Aa 6t[e B cbcroqHl{e Aa I{3Cne[Ba

npoOnatu c txI{pora I4'rorlHocr' IlpeBpblqaull' cnopeA AyMI{re

HAHayqilvtfl,My pbKoBOAI4ren' gnnnouHara My pa6ora " p:-^l

TeJIeH Hayr{eH IIpI{HOC' il3qeplBaul pa3rilexlaHl4q BbIIpoc'

[mlovrarrmt 6eure ornunn brntg KoMru4JIarI4BHara pa6ora

u 6erue t{3BaAlitn Ha 6qr cBflT HeAocrbIIHI4 AororaBa Il3Boplit'

IIII. 1. 2.ItlsaoPu om nbqea PbKa

uus^opu om 6mopapbKA

Koraro pa6ornte c xfi,tt4 I43Bop or ilbpBa pbKa ca optll-HaJTHI{re vltu KpMTr rrilwe vatA]flvrfl'Ha pa3HlexlaHldre rpyAOBe''-*'il;;;"dii

ir, , iiopt roft e cpescrn-o' noso6no Ha oqI{JIa-

Ta, gaqacrl4qHo Ao""iage Ao ner{o' Koero e I't3BbH Ha[II{Te

Bb3MO)KHOCTI4.

Aamottozu^sma He e u:Jsop: rn e c6op or napqeHlla tlsBopvrt{

** Aa 6tAe rIoJIffiHa raio tmp"o 3a[o3HaHcrBo c AoIqnvIeH-

TIrr€, Ho Aa HaIIt{ua AI{nJroMHa pa6om Bbpxy AaAeH u"T!:]tHarraBa Aa Bwfl, oHOBa' Koero npyrme He ca BI4'4enI'f' AOKaro

aHTOJIOIf.flTa BKJIIOqBa TOBa' KOeTO BCI/[[IKI{ Ca BI{AeJII4'

Koueumapu*';;;;v;;'iiiipiraopuunpudpvwe*'-?q-anupHu4umamLt' r, 'oi'eopt'l:

n nail-go6pur cnyrai't ca trsso-

pld or BTopa pbKa' r' - -- -^ -^, ^rhanarpur{errt I{3BoDI4pagnil.rHr4 neqa pasSupaMe no[ ofl peAeneHt{tto,"11?:j

ot "ffi lt*a". Aro ncrar"l Aa HanI4uIa AI4nJIoMHa paoora

t372

lII. I4sgupnaue Ha Marepldiulllre

Bbpxy [apJraMerrrapHr{Te peql4 Ha rIoJII4TI4geCKt{ JIUAep, ToflrdcaHoro or Hero B naprr'ri'1ilr1rfr, BecrHI{K IrIe 6bAe 3a MeH I{3-

Bop or Bropa pbKa, 3arqoro He Mora Aa 6bAa cl4lypeH, rle pe-

AaKTOpI,(Te He Ca AOTIyCHaJII4 rpeIIrKI4 r lrr r/r3pfl3arld crarl4.flTa.B rosN cJrfrafr r{3Boprre or rrbpBa pbKa Iqe ca [poroKoJIIlTeHa rrapJraMeHTa. AKo nbK ycrlefl Aa oTKpI4fl pbKorlilca Ha BbII-pocHr4r rroJrrrTr{rlecKl{ JII4Iep, qe pa3[OJIalaM c Id3Bop oT HaI4-

IIbpBa pbKa. Aro rrcKaMAa r{scneABavt,,,{eruapa\wffa 3a He-

3aBrrcr{Mocr" na CAIIL eAI{HcrBeHWff l.r.rt Id3Bop or nbpBapbKa rqe 6rge opuruHalrnvst il tercr. Ho ntr Karo Ir3Bop ornbpBa pbKa Mora Aa rroJBBaM lt go6po Qotoxonue. CtIqo,KaTO r43BOp OT IIbpBa pbKa, Mora Aa [oJI3BaM u KptITIdrrHo Id3-

AaHr4e Ha AOKyMeHTa, Ha[paBeHo or tlcroptlK c HeHaKbpHeHaBTopr4Ter (r. e., rauecrnara Ha ro3ld rpyA HIdKora ne ca6mtu[ocraB.rrHr4 noA Bbnpoc or gpynme). Catwt pas6upate, qe flo-HfrTuATa r,tr{3Bopr{ or rrbpBa vr r.t3Bopm or BTopa pbKa", 3aBI4-

cffT oT r/r3acKBaHWrTa Ha TeMaTa. Aro tIcKaM Aa AIdCIqrrtIpaMBbpxy cbrrlecrByBalrllrre Kpldrldt{Hn rrl:,qaHlnrn Iqe tpx6na gapa6ora r{ c oprrrrrnalrlTe. Aro qerta MIl e Aa pa3HIeAaM no-Jrrdrr{qecKr{Te rrocJreAcrBtlr or fletuapa4uama sa Hesaaucu-lnosn, egno go6po KprrrrrrrHo vrgqanfie IrIe MI4 6tge noneue orAOCTaTbTIHO.

Aro cegna AafivfinaAl,rnJroMHa pa6ota n'npry HapamueHucmryKrnypu e ,,fodeuu4r,rme", eAHo KaKBoro I4 Aa 6mxo vs4a'Hrde Ha rrporr3BeAeHrrtffa Ha MannsoHtl 6u tpa6nano Aa MI{crr{rHe. Ho aro I4cKaM Aa rlulfla Bbpxy JII4HrBIdcrI4qnr upo6-nevrr (Aa peqeM MarusoHr,I rraexAy Mmano u Onopenqr,rx),rqe rpn6na Aa pa3noJraraM c go6pu KpIdrIrtIHId Tzr,Aanlz.lI Ha

pa3JrwIHI{Te BApVrAH'.fr4 Ha [pOI{3BeAeIrI4erO.Hera saKrroqrlM, qe B epaHuqume, onpedeaeHu. om o6et<ma

HA lnoerno u3cted6aue,I{3BopI{Te rpa6ea BI4Haril Aa 6lAar ornbp6a pwrn. Egt'tucrBeHoro, Koero Hut(oea ne rpt6na Aa IIpa-afl, e Aa qr{TrrpaM Mofl aBrop qpes llldrara ua rurofr Apyr. llorrprdHrryfl ceprro3HrrfiT HayrreH TpyA He rpn6na HI4Kora Aa Ao-rrycKa r$dTaT or Apyr r{I4Tar, Aopr v Aa He craBa Bbrlpoc 3a Ha-

rrr4caHo or pa3nrexlaHl{fl aBTop. Bce nar r[Mav pa3yr!{HI{ I{3-KJrror{eHrlr, oco6eso nprd eAHa AI4nJIoMHa pa6om.

lI. 1,.{ocmnHocr Ha u3Boprrre

Axo er,re us6epere reMa Karo llpolaenam sa mpauc4edeu-maJHoctnma Ha Kpacuaomo B ,,Summa theologiae" ua Toun At<-6uHcKLt, To ocuoBHr4rr Br,r r43Bop e [porr3BeAeHr{ero na cn. TovaId HaMr{paqoro ce n npoqazr6a I{3EaHr4e Br4 e AocrarbrrHo, ocBeuaKo He cMrlTare, qe opI{n{HaJlbr e ISorIaqeH. Torasa Betle Iqe BId

ce HaJrono{ Aa rrorJreAHere rr Apyfl,me rrgpLauufl, (no rrrr r€MaraBr4 rrle npulo6ue QurororruecKr{, BMecro emeruro-(funocolf-cKrd xapaKrep). flocne ule orKp[ere, rre c6rr{4flT npo6newr e sa-cerrrar sr Tovra r,r B KoMeuTaprrwre Nry KbM De DivinihusNominibus ua flcenqo-,{rtouwcufi: TaKa BbrrpeKr rrcHoro 3ailra-BI{e Ha Ar4ruroMHara nu pa6ora qe rpa6na Aa rtonrelHere rInero. B rpaftna cMerKa rrle orKpr4ere, ue Tovra rroAeMa ra3r4TeMa oT IIflJIa eAHa npeAXOAHa TeOJTOHdlreCKaTpANfr\r/rfl r4 qe gT-

Kpr4BaHeTO Ha BCr4rrKr4 Opllft/rKilfril r{3BOp[ MO)r(e Ia OTHeMerlffr )KrrBor. II{e orxpuere o6aue, qe ra3rd pa6ora seqe e 6rdracBbprrreua or,{orvr Asplr ll1rfron, roirro B eArlH o6unrpen rpygnpr4Bexqa roJreMrd flacilKr{ or Bcr4rrKrr aBTop[, KoMerrrr4paJll,rflceego-,{uouwctti,t, l{3rbKBafr-K}I nprd roBa gar4MgIBaHr4flTa rd

fipoprBopeqrlrrra. .flcno e, qe BrdHaild Koraro rlcKare Aa KilKereHeIrIo 3a, Hanpr4Mep, Anexcangpp ot Xarec, Ir1e Mox(ere Eav:l:.noJrsBare cr6pawn or flyfton MareprraJr. Aro rrrr perrmTe, qeTsKcrbr na Arercangrp or Xanec ce lpeBpbrrla B ocHoBeH saTgMara Brr, qe rpr6ea Aa [orbpcr4Te HefoBo r/r31anrre, Ho aKo ceHaJrara Aa HarrpaBr4Te caMo rurKaKBo [o3oBaBaHe, ToraBa e Aoc-TarbrrHo Aa or6erexlrre, ve c'e [o3oBaBare Ha I{3AilH}Iero HaflyrTou. Hrroft ruMa Aa KuDKe, qe cre rbpcr{JM JrecHoro, 3arqo-ro flylou e cepr{o3en y.reH, a reKcrbr, s3er or Hero, He e o6er-Tbr Ha rlscJreABaue Ha Barrrara ArdrrnoMHa pa6ora.

Eguncrnenoro, Koero ne rpa6na Aa npaBr4Te, e \a\nrwpa-Te OT I43BOp BTOpa pbKa, Bce eAHO, rle CTe BI4I(AaJIII. OpvIrI/IHA'na. He caMo 3apaAr npo<fecuoHaJruara errrKa: [oMrdcJrere crrKaKBo 6r cranano, aro u,aroft sr nourrd KaK TaKa cre BrdAe-

Jrr4 pbKonrrca, Koraro roft e yurqoxen npes 1944!He l,rsna,qaftre B HepBHa Kprra 3apaArr npo6teuu c rd3Bopn-

re or IrbpBa ptra. Hanpurvrep <parrrrr,.re HanoreoH )irlMpa Ha

5 rvrafi 1821e qo6pe r3BecreH HaBctryrKr/r., no rprrrn1ur qpes rd3-

Boprl or BTopa prra (yre6rmry{ no vctopafl,, Haril,rc Hu sa 6a-

74 75

III. IzlsgupsaHe Ha Marepranltr€

gaflt Ha rpyAoBe rlo l4cropl4f,). A"o rcKare Aa u3cneABSTe

!{MSHIIO AarIiIpOBKara Ha HanoreoHoBara cMbpr, IrIe BI'l Tpf6-

Ellr opunffraJlt{Te or oHoBa BpeMe. !{,o aro ldcKare Aa roBopll'Tg Ba fiocJleAsrtsufltaor cMbprra na Hanoneon sa enponeiicru'rc mr6epanu, Moxe Aa BeMere Aarara or BceKt{ noApbqeH l,tc'

Top[qecKr,r rpyg. flpo6JleMbr, Koraro ce Id3[oJBBar I43BOp[ qrnr6Ba prra (o6rnnsaflwr ro) ce cbcrol,t e Heo6xoAnMoclTa [arlpoBepl{Te I4 Apyru npI{BexraHvIA Ha opI{lI{HaJIHIla r[art rnuMI4CbJI, 3a Aa CTe CI{rypIIId' r{e HtMa HeTorIHocT T'bKMO B KHtIfa'Ta, KoflTo cte B3erI4 rrog BHIdMaHue. .[pynrar Bapt{aHT e Aa npo'[ycHere cbMHI{TeJIHur <}arrurrr aa upr6erHere Ao lr3Bopa.

Trfi raro Beqe npl{BeAox uptlMep sbc cB. Toua, ule Bu Ka)Ka'IIE FI'KOI{ CbBPEMEHH'{ ABTOPI{ AI4CKYI'IPAT CTIOMEHATU' NPO6'

JreM, r43xoxraitxv or [peArlocraBKara, qe ce. Tol\aa e KagaJI:

,,pulchrum est id quod visum plncet" (rpacr,rno e roBa' KoEIo ce

xapecna na owrre). As rulcax AI{nJIoMHara cr pa6om no ra3tlTeMa r{ Karo noHIeAHiIx B opufl4HaJlHrme r€KcroBe' ygra-HoBID(,

qe cs. ToMa HIdKora He e ragsan tosa. Kaean e ,,pulchra dicunturquae visa placet" (rasnat, qe Kpacl4Bllre Heula ce xapecBar Ha

owne). He e ryr< Mrlcroro, ga o6rcunaM, KoJIKo pa3nllqHn Mo'rar Aa 6r1at I,firr€ptrperallllldre Ira re3l{ gne <fpasn' Kaxso,ce e

cuy.nano? Cryuulb -ce

e rona, qe IrbpBara Qoprvryaa e 6unarrpeAJro)r(eua or (fltnoco<fa Mapmen, rofiro cMlraJI' ue go6pe e

lpeAaJr MlIcbJIra Ha cB. Toua. Orrorasa Hacsil{€ Apyrl4 rccJle-

AoBareJrr{ ca ce rIo3oBaBaJfiLHarasv i}opuyla (rato uenop otBropa prra), 6es Aa ce rolploKar Aa noHIeAHar B opI4rtIHaJIa.

G[Ir,rrr npo6revr ce flBflBa v npv'6n6nuorpa<fcKure nocoq-Banl'rul flongrora AI{niIoMaIrrI{, Ha Kotrrro ce Hiulara Aa SaBbp-

urar na6rpso pa6oram cI{ pellraBar ga npr6anm rtu 6u6.nuo-

rparfuara Id Helqa, KoI4To He ca qeJII{, a AopI{ I,I Aa roBop.[T 3a

Trx noA lrwnvIfl. IIJIII, olqe no-Jlotrro, Bbrpe B TeKcra. B mxtgcrrylriil Moxe Aa peurl4re Aa rIfiIrere Bbpxy 6apora n Aa 9reuern ,,Eefrrbn vrexgy Pesecanca r,r Eapora" Ha Jlylaxo An-qecKr4 s Om EaiKbu do Kaum (Eolour, I,tsAar€JIcrBo ,Mylu'uo",1972).,[a peueu, qe ro ql,ffI4pare, a nocJle 3a no-roJlnMaTexecr npu6anme: ,,3a gpyru na6moAenur no Bbnpoca BtIx yc\rryt. aBTop, ,,Ecreturalra na EefrrcH" s EonemuKa,la' aH?-

76

lIL 2. ltleryapsa:e,e ua 1ultntorpaQnara

turto<us elnnupu3brtr (Eoirom, Id3AareJIcrBo,"A-n(fa", 1959)".

I{e nanpaerre xalro B[er{arJIeHI{e, Koraro nqroft stt' o6ncutn,qe craBa Bbnpoc sa sbIrII4t rpyg, rry6ru,u<yBaH oruoBo rpunatl-CeT TOAIIHII IIO-KbCHO, 3aIIIOTO nbpBId.S IIbT e I'I3iIt3bJI KaTO yHI'{-

Bepcl4TercKa rry6nrraqur c orpaHldqeH TI{pDK.

Bcrqro Ka3aHo AoryK Bbp)ry I{3BopI4re or IrbpBa pbKa Ba}s'I

r{ Koraro o6errrr Ha Id3cJIeABaHe Ha AI,IlJIoMHara nu pa6ora essrofi aKryailel{ npo6nevr. Aro ucrau Aa roBopff 3a MHeHI'Iero

Ha ceJrtHr{Te s ENlt{rllt Porraanq 3a HoBI4Hr{Te no reJIeBI'I3uflTa'

rd3Bop or nbpBa pbKa ilre uu 6rAe aHKerara, HanpaBeHa Ha

lh.flClno qp93 IdHTepBIOI4paHeTO Ha AOCTaTI'IIHO MHOIO CeIIflHI/I,

TaKa qe ISBaAKara Mr \a uua ctoftHoc"r' Hafr-ugororo, Koero

MOra Aa cI4 [o3BOJUI e I43[OJI3BaHero Ha aHarorFlHa I{ TOKy-lqo

ny6rurrynana anKera, Id ro caMo aKo e or cl{rypeH I{3ToqHI{K.

Ho aro ce orpaHl{qa c III4TIlpaHero Ha IaHHI4 or aHKera or npe-

Ard Aecer roAI{HI4, nogxorui MI4 Irre 6qe nenpaBI4JIeH - laaft-

MaJIKOTO 3aUIOTO OT TOraBa AO Cera ca ce npoMeHIdJrI4 KaKTO Ce-

wtH\trre, TaKa Id HoBI4HI4To. Moxe Aa ce rrocrbnr{ TaKa, aKo

wffia Bbpxy l4suedeaue Ha omHouteHuemo Ha 3pumerutne om

weilcemme eodunu Kbrrt mete1usunma.

lll. 2. llsgnpnaue na 6n6luorpaQr,rrra

lII.2. l. Karc da norsearne dudtuomercume

Kax ce trpaBld I43AI4pBaHero na neo6xoAuvrara_ 6u6nl4orpa-

Qur? Aro Leue pa:noJlarare cbc cl{rypHa 6r'r6rulorpaQvn,paz6upa ce, e JIecHo - npoBeptBare B KaraJrora KaKBo e B cbc-ToflHIre Aa BW rlpelJloxu 6u6luorerara 14 [ocJle MI{HaBare

HararbK.3a nogo6en rloAxo[, o6ave, erl e Heo6xoAttMa Beqe

rranpaBeHa 6u6luorpa(f wa (v. yocrsn Ao elldH ryu 6lt6luore-rur). Tora flBHo He e cJlfratr Ha MoI4Te qldrareJlll. Hlrto ntrsaAbJDKIdr€JIHo ce orHacfl go npo<fecroHaJlHtlTe ) {eHIl, KoI{-

To qecro [oceulaBar 6lr6luorexme, He c 6u6nrorpaifu-a n

pbKa, a 3a Aa cu Hanpaenm 6r6nuorpalfux.- .{a cv cbcraBrlur 6lt6irlrorpaSvtn, o3HaqaBa Aa r6pcl{ur

oHoBa, qtlero cblrlecrByBaHe Bce oule He e ld3BecrHo. [o6pu-

-l

77

Ill. 2. IAsgupyase sa 6w6wtorparfr,raraIII. I4sgupnaue Ha MareprlaJlr{re

tr r43cJIeAOBareJI e ro3l4, KOftTO yMee Ia BJIe3e B e[Ha 6ld6r'{-oreKa, 6es qa vMav HaIT-ManKa npeAcraBa rlo AaAeHa reMa I4

Aa I,I3Jrile or Hefl, 3HaeftKI{ HeIUO'

Kamatoeam. 3a Aa orKpI4eM ToBa, rll4ero cbuecrByBaHe Hr[

e HeI,I3BeCTHO, 6ra6nnoteKaTa Hr[ rlpeAJrara HflKOId yJIeCHeH',{fl'

llrpnoro e cLlcmo4wmLwHuflm t(ntna-4o?. Toea e Harrl4Hbr, rro

KofrTo 6lr6luorerata Mr{ pa3KpI{Ba BcI4qKo, Koero [pI4Te)I€Ba

orHocHo, Aa peqeM, 3auagnata pIlMcKa t[l.'r.rrepug.

Ho e nyxno Aa 3Haere KaK ce IIoJI3Ba cllcreMarl4qel{ Kara-

nor. .flcrro e, qe HxMa Aa HaMepI{Te B Hero ,,flagauero Ha pIdM-

cKara l{Mnepvrs" nog 6yrnam ,II". IIIe rpa6na Aa nor6pcl4Te

uog,,Pmucra vrwflepilfll', nocJle rIoA ,,PI4MZ' v,,I/Icropvn' (ptt-cra)". Axo ntr tIMaMe H.rIKaKBr{ ctIoMeHI{ or HarraJlHoro yw{-

Jrrdlrle, ue 6lAevr AocrarbtlHo cro6pasuleff{Id Ea [oruIeAHeM I{

.tog ,Potyn Bervv,f' mn ,,Anrycryn (Povryl)'a ,,Opeaf',,,ogoirsp':, ,,Bapsapv" vt ,,BapsapcKld KpaJIcrBa"' C tosa o6a-

ve'npo6rievr*." ite cnrpurnar. llptt'tt'nar:a e, qe B vrnoro 6u6-

JrI4OTeKI4CbIrIeCTByBaTIIo[BacI',IcreMaTIdtIHI{KaTailorauABaas6yry6 KaraJlora, ToBa ca onap, rofrro crl4ra Ao orIpeAeJIeHa

A?[A, V UO6, XOi,ltO eAI',IH AeH UIe BKIIOqBa s ce6e cv ur cTapvIA,

no sacera - :ne. M He qe ule HaMepI4Te naAaHero ua Pr'rvrcrara

r{MIIepI4t B crapl{t Kariulor' 3aIIIoro e orAaBHal[uo cr6ru're;Bb3Mox(Ho e Ha roBa ct6rrue Aa e nocBereHa HoBa r*u'ffa\tnefr'rrle HaMeptITe B HoBI{.fl, a He B crap\[fl Kara,tlor. OcseH ToBa B

HrIKon 6u6rnaorercr I{Ma orAeJIHI4 KaraJIo3I{ 3a pa3rl4tlHlrre

lfongone. B rperr cl{creMarr/ttlnmT tr' as6ytrnar KaraJlor ca

eAHo IIflJIo. B n$m IrbK I4Ma orAeJIHId Karano3l{ 3a KHITI4 I4 ne-

prog*n tsuiirt (pasgeneull na as6yreu r cllsreMarlrreH)'t. e. qooro e Aa ce pisyur Qynrryoru'IpaHero Ha BctKa 6u6tru-

oreKa nogrAeJlHo. B ngrou KHl,trr,rTe Mo)Ke Aa ca Ha Ilaprepa, a

[epr4oArdKara - Ha ropHl4fl erDK.Ilicxa ce Id MaiIKo vlwryvrqr'.As6y*uur raraJlor e no-cl{rypen or cldcreMalrt'lrruufl, 3alqo-

To fioApe]qaHero Nry He saur^ev or l{IrT€ptrperur\IrflTa sa 6u6-

n"ote*up^e, neus6exna npll cllcreMarl4trl{I4Te raranosu' I4Harrgn Ha, aKo rbpcfl Poclt, ,[Ncysene, To Iqe ro nauepa 6es

npo6neuu r as6yrrrur KaraJlor. Ho aro cblrllltr aBrop e HanI{-

78

caJr KIII4ra Bbpxy Pomma ua Odoatcrp sa nadanemo ua 3anad-Wtma pUJncKn Luvtnepufl u oCHO^aeaHemO Ha BApBapCKume KpAh

on*a)To Mrlcroro ir e cllcretularwrnrrfl. Karailor ce ofipeAent or6lr6luorexapt, a roit Moll(e Aa fl [ocraBv 6wrc noq ,,PutnlcrarrMfleprlfl",6ltro nog ,,Ogoalr6p", AoKaro Brre fl TbpcI{Te noA

,,3auagua pIdMcKa fivrrrepvr" .

BrsNaoxHo e cl{creMarlttIHldtr Karailor Aa He Mo)Ke Aa MI{

rpeAocraBt{ TbpceHara uHlfopruraryrx. Torasa qe tpa6na Aa 3a-

rrorrga no-orAareqe. llrpno rqe rpa6na Aa nolJIeAHa B 3iulara'cbA:spx<arrla BcIrtIKId eHIdI{KJIorIeAvw, o6t4t t ttcrr:lpt{v w 6w6ttwo-

rpaQcna orwcr (aro lrvra mrana) I{ or rflx Aa fioqeprt mQop-Mawrfl, sa 6u6rurorpaSvtna rro tll{repecyBalvfq Me Bbnpoc'flocne Beqe qe Mora Aa t fiorbpcfl n as6y+rux KaraJlor.

Eu6ruoepaQcKume onucu. Tosa ca uaircvtryput{Te I43roqHId-

rM 3a BceKr4, rofito cv e vrsflcuIv$r l4Aetrre rro l4HTepecyBalrlara

ro reMa. llo onroureHlle Ha ruIKoI4 Avrc;ptrrlluwr cre yJIecHeHId

or rlyrecHl{ ormcvr, npeAocraBflIrlld BtI IItJIara Heo6xogr'rua rn-ifopr'raqur. B lpyrn Ha1l.rHrl o6lacrvr pa3noJlarare c rlocroflH-Ho ocbBpeMeIUIBaHId rry6nuraquu rlo Bbflpoca I{JII{ AopI4 c[e-rsdilJrrl3lrpanzt. crfircanvn, tlocBgr€Hld eAIdHcrBeHo ua 6u6lror-pa!|lura. B rperu Mox(e Aa rIoJI3Bare crmcaurrfli4 Kotr{To BbB

BceKId 6pofr uy6nr,rKyBar HoBI{T€ 3ailIaBld.u B AtIcIII4IrJIIdHara.flongeaiero Ha nogo6m vrareprtur e neo6xonuMo, 3a Aa

upIdKIIOt[4Te TbpCeHtIqTa cI{ I/I3 KaTUUrO3I4Te, Wav,lVtpairctn ncwt'Ko, Kosro BId e HlDKHo. @am e, qe IroJI3BaHtITe or nac 6ra6ruao-

TeKrd Moxe Aa pa3[oJlaraT c qyAecHtI KoJIeKrItIId oT crapld IfiAa-Hr4r, Ho Aa I{M JIt{rIcBar HoBIIT€. Tara vroxe Aa noJ$na;ms rrbn-

na unQopvrawlrsa Hfj{<Hlrre Btr{ KHurId or npeAl4 Aeaftcer roAl,l-

Hrr, Ho ga ne pas6epere, qe eAIrH or nafr-eax<rrl,IT€ TpyAoBe rlor,{r{T€pecyBail\rrs. BrI Bbrrpoc e tI3JIu3bJI MI{HaJIara rognna. Toea

Hflr.rtapLace cJr) rI4, aKo [oJBBare 6u6nr,rorpaQcru oilfictr - Te BI{

npeAcraBtr I4MeHHo Hafr-noellTe npI{HocI{ B AI{cqr{rIJItIHara.- Haft-uparrwnrrfl"t HarIr{H Aa Hayqlrre 3arJlaBl{tra sa 6w6-

nuorpa<fcxrre c6opru,rqr e Aa ud [ollcKare or HayrHI{r cI{ pb-xosoArarer. Kato pesepeeH BapI4aHT, Mo)Ke ga ce o6tpuere KbM

6fi6r[orerapn (wrrr-cJr]DKr,ff€Jlt na ,,uuQopvrary4fl") u roft nepo-rrtro qe BId rrocoql4 MecroHaxo)Kleullero Ha r€3I{ c6oprunryl n

I

79

lII. I4sgupnaue Ha MareprraJrtre

6u6mrorerara.Apnu cbBsrr{ no Bbrrpoca He Mora Aa Br{ AaM,3ail{oro npo6revrlme ca pa3JrrdrrHr4 3a pa3nr{lrur,rre Ar{cqr{[Jrr4Hl{.

Eu1ntomercaltarz. Hyzcro e Aa npeoAoJleere crecHl{reJl-Hocrra cr{ r{ tr]e ycraHoBrtTe, r{e qecro 6r6rurorexap.flT Mo)(eAa Br,{ AaAe rroJre3Hr4 cbBerr{. I4.vai,rce npeABr.{A, ue (c usrrrc-I{CHI,IE HA TBbPAC AHTDKI,IPAHT4],[IIIT. HEPBO3HI4 gI{PETIOPU) gU.percopbr na 6lr6luorexa, oco6eno aKo rfl e MaJrKa, e ulacr-Jrr{B, aKo Moxe Aa rroKax(e ABe Henla: KaqecTBaTa Ha cBoflTanaMer n epyaru\ritra cv ra 6orarcrsoro Ha 6u6rulorerara.Kolroro noBeqe e\sa 6w6nvtoreKa e AerleHrpan\tr,rrpana uMarKo noceqaBaHa, ToJIKoBa IIoBeqe uei,llrryIFlr Ar4peroopcrpaga or roBa, rle rt e MaJIKo l4gBecrHa. TaKa .{oser, xofrtor{cKa noMorrl, Kapa Ar4peKropa Aa ce q}tscTBa ruacTJrr4B.

Pae6r,rpa ce, qe rpn6na Aa Abp)Kr4Te Ha [oMorrlTa, oKa3Ba-Ha Br4 or 6t't6tmoreraps, Ho He rd cr.fl[o Aa My ce AoBeptBare.Bcnynnaftre ce B HeroBr4Te cbBerr,r, Ho rbpcere garutaBns. v.

no co6creeHa unvtrryrarrlBa. Bu6r[oreKapflr He e eKcnepr rloBCI{qKO, HI4TO IIT,K 3Hae KaKBa rJIeAHa TOqKa Iqe [pr{AaAeTeHa r4scJreABaHero o,r. Tofr Mo)Ke Ira npr4eMa aa QyHgaueura-ireH Tpy[, rofrro notrrrd He Brd e HyJKeH, a Aa He cMJrra sa ra-KbB Ep)T, BcbrrlHocr MHoro rro-rro.rrggeH 3a Bac. Oule noneue,qe He csulecTByBa paHHrr4cTa Ha BaxHrdTe r4 rroJre3Hr4 TpyIo-ee. 3a Barrrero r43cJregBaue Mo)Ke Ia Aorrpr{Hece rBbpAe MHo-ro HrKo.[ r{Aefl, noqeprreHa or r{Haqe 6esnonesHa r<Hnra (ncMqraHa 3a raKaBa or noBeqero r{3cJreAoBarenlr) -Ta3vwrefl,qe rpa6ea Aa orKprrere caMtr{, c MaJrKo KbcMer; ne oqareaft-re nsrofr \a Brr. s. rroAHece na cpe6rpeH rroAHoc.

M ewdy s^fi luome qHa KoHCy /rma4ufl , . Ko lnnnmpwup aHu

Kanxa,no3u u usnuclaHe Ha KHu?u om dpyeu 6u6auomercu.Msoro or 6lr6nroreKrdre ny6nurynar or\rcer Ha cBorrrec6lrpxu: B olpeAeJrestq 6tr6mnoreKvr vt 3a orrpeAeJrenu avc-\I nJWtHW e Bb3MOXHO Aa nOJI3BaTe KaTaJIO3I4 3a TOBa, KOe-ro ce HaMr{pa B Apyu4 Harrrr u qynqrl 6lr6nrorerl,l. llo rosfiBb[poc cbrrlo e go6pe Aa ce KoucyJrrr{pare c 6u6ruorexapr.Hqrou 6u6nlrorerr4 ca cBbp3aHr4 B Mpe)Ka [oMexqqy crl rrrara, 6raroAapeHr4e Ha KoMrrrorpr4re, 3a ceKyHAr4 HayrraBa-Te Kofl KHrrra B Kor 6u6luorera r{ KbAe B Hefl ce rraMrrpa.

80

lIl. 2. l/ItgvtpsaHe sa 6tl6wtorpaQurta

Trpceuero Mo)Ke Aa ce [paBI{ rlo I4MeHara Ha aBTopI4Te,

3arJlaBtr{gTa Ha KHt{lIdTe, TeMaTtr{rrHo, cnopeA nopeAI{IIaTa,

rd3gareJlcKara Kbu{a, roAl4Hara ua ny6lllryBaHe I{ T' H'

Ps[<o B HflKos or HaIrrIlTe 6u6luorerlr ule ce paABare Ha

noAo6uu yrecHeHl{fl, no nurafrte - qoBeK HI{Kora He Moxe [ae curypeH.

B6irsx orKplrra KHl{rara B I{rIKot' Halua lrJII4'ryx<ga 6l,t6-

JU{oreKa, Moxe Aa rIoJI3Bare .,nettdy1u1ttuomeqHolno 3aenaHe

Ha KHLteu, ycJryra, Kotro o6[rnoeeno 6u6nnorerurte ocl4rypfl-

nar. HyxHo e laeBecrHo BpeMe, Ho aKo KHldrara e HaI{crIdHa

rIeHHa, cld 3acJrlDKaBaycvrorvreto. Hsrolr or 6u6mnoreKl{Te npe-

AocraBtr 6esycnonno rbpceHara KHIlra' Apytu - caMo aKo I4Mar

noBeqe erceMniulpr{. Tyr nu e HyxHa KoHcyJITaIIt{fl c Ha} rnlltpbKoBoAIlTen. 3nafrre, qe qecro pa?Htr cnpr6r cblrlecrByBar,

no ne QyHruI4oHI{par, 3alrloro slnofr He rI4 Kapa Aa rc rlpaBrr'Moxere Aa ce ocBeAoMldre HanpllMep KoId KHI{rI{ ce Ha-

Mr4par B Apyrl{re 6u6luorexu or Haquoualt:arlfl' 6u6nuorpa(p-

cru qenmp.*flovruete, qe MHoro 6n6nuoreru BKJIIoqBaT B orll4cldre Ha

HOBI{Te crr 3auraB\Lfl. TaKmBA, KOI{TO OIrIe He ca BKJIIOqeHI4 B

KaraJIo3I4Te vtMr vI CJIeAOBareJrHo olqe He ca AocrbIIHI4 3a

rroJI3BaHe. IAnarpan, ne sa6panxftte, ue aKo Br{e ru{ulere ce-

prdo3Ho Ballrara UdrInoMHa pa6ora v HaYtHrtflT Bt{ pbKoBoAId-

TeJr e 3ardHTpI4ryBaH or rpyAa Btr{, Mo)Kere Aa y6eAr{Te yHI4Bep-

crrrera ctl Aa ce cAo6ue c HtKoId BDKHII reKcroBe, Ao KoI4To

rlHaqe He Moxere ga ce go6ePete.

III.2.2 Karc da paflomtun c fiudtuoepailunma:KApnnfneKama

Paa6rapa ce, 3a Aa cI4IrarpaBI'ITe go6pa 6u6nuorpa(f^\rytpa6ea qi np..n.qate vtuoio KHIITI{. A nnr r pegnqa 6lt6-

G;bJrraDrfl Te3,n cnpaBK, ce r43BbprxBar n L{eurpaluna lrHcrltr)'r 3a HayrtHo-

rexHrr,recx'a uu<|opvaunr ({I4HTI4), B cBo,ll,Hltfl KaraJlor Ha Hapo.qHara ol4orlr-orexa ,,Cn. cn. i(riprrn u Merognri" t,r qpe3 u3lPaxlauara ce B.MoMeHTa ueHr-pruilt3ltpaHa KoMnloTl,pHa crrcTeMa aa vexlydu6nHoTeqHa ltuQopvaUttR n Ct-

uara 6n6nuorexa. - 6en. Peg.

6. Kar ce nulue ArrIIiroMHa pa6or:a 81

IIL llognpoaue Ha MarepuaJll4re

JrrdoreKr4 He Brd AaBar rroBeqe or eAHa I{JIrd ABe HaBeAHbx,MbpMopflT, aKo rr4 BspHeTe BeAHara u H{ cMeHI,ITe c Apyrl4,r43o6rqo ry6r4re Kyrr BpeMe.

flopaqr,r roBa He rpfl6Ba BeAHara Aa ce xBbpJIflTe Aa qerereBCtlqJJJI KHMII/I, KOIffO OTKpIdeTe, a ITbpBO AA CV, CTCTABI4Te nbp-BoHaqaJrrra 6u6ruorpa(fuq. Tara qe Mox{e Aa 3aloqHere qere-Hero, Beqe pa:nolarafrKr{ c roroB crrrdcbK or ueo6xoAl{Mt{ 3ar-IraBwA. Tosa He Br{ AaBa Bb3MoiKHocr Aa 3Haere Kofl KHI{ra KaK-Bo cbA:sp)<a v.\opa1lr'roBa e rryxuo Aa pa3yql{re na6rpso rar-nr npo6.nelrrd pa3nrex(Aar rpyAoBere - ToBa Moxe Aa HarrpaBr{-Te B 3aJrara 3a KoHcymaqnu. Koraro HaMepr4Te rJraBa, orHacq-IIIa ce Io rHTepecyBarrlr{Te Br4 Bbnpocr4, Mo)r(e Aa t npeilIeAaTeua6rp:o, Ho 3aAbJDKr{TeJrHo cr{ rd3BaAere 4mama 6v6tuorpa-Qw.Taxa qe Mox(e Aa ce oprrerrrrlpare Kord Knr4rr4 Aa rropbqa-re Hafr-naupe1 rrsxo)Kgaitwt ot 3HaqeHrdero, Koero I4M npIfla-Ba aBropbr. Oceeu roBa, aKo cre rrorureqHa:r,il.14 Apyr[ o6qnTplAOBe Iqe CI4 CTTCTaBI4Ie OIIIe IO-TOqHO MHeH[e, eruI{Aafo<utro ro3r{ Haqr4H Kot{ aBTopr{ ca q}{Tr,tpaHrl. oT Bcv:-Jq;wr. TaxaMo)Ke Aa cr{ flolpeArdre 3anraBrlrra crropeg Ba>KHocrta uu. flo-KbcHo Mo)Ke r{ Aa orrpoBepraeTe npeKaJreHoro rro3oBaBaHe HaeAHr4 KHr{nr r npene6pertsaHero Ha Apyrr4, Ho rqe r4Mare go6paocHoBa KaTo 3a naqalo.

Moxe Aa MI{ Bb3pa3r4Te, rre aKo pasrroJrarare c Aecer K[rr{n[,or Kor{To Aa ce KoHcyJrrvpare, r43Bax(AaHero Ha IItJIara 6vt6ru-orpalflu or BcqKa or rrx rrle Brr orHeMe [ocra BpeMe, MaKapcbrrocTaBrHeTo r{M Aa Br4 no3BoJrflBa Aa eJrr{Mr{Hr4paTe cpelqa-IrII4 Ce nO HflKOJIKO tIbTI4 3aruIaBnn, YnttCnAftKIl rr{ eAHOKpaTHO

(vuawcrvua, aKo cm roApegr{re no aa6yuen peg 6u6nrorpaQu-rra or flbpBara KHtr{ra, rle Br{ e no-JrecHo ga pa6orlce c Ap)ru-re). Bce rraK BbB Bcr{qKr4 caMoyBoreBarrlrr ce 6v6ttuorexuwvaKorrr{pHr{ Marrrtr{Htr{, a 6vtlrorpalfnrre B rpygoBere c KoHcyJI-TaTr{BeH XapaKTep, c peAKr4 r43KJrroqeHr4.rr, 3aeMaT ManKo cTpa-uuqr. floore Mox(e ga cr pa6orrre B Kbrrlr4, na cuoxofrcrsl4e.Egra creq Karo [pr{KJrroqr4Te c 6r6nuorpaQwnra, Ir1e ce BbpHe-re n 6n6ruroreKara, 3a Aa rrpoBepr4r€ KaKBo e [ocrbrrHo \r KaK-Bo He. Aro cre cI4 cbcraBI,{JII4 KaproreKa, To npr4 BcqKa KHtIraIrIe Mo)Kere Aa cr4 3a[r4rrrere 6u6ruoreKara r4 orrnarypara (n

2, Vltgupnaue na 6r,rSnr,rorpa(prara

Ha I,{CTI{HaTa, Iqe pa3IIOJIalaTe C I,I3IIbJIHeHI[ C'bC Cllf-

Quruone Ha KHtr{rt{, AocrbrrHI( HaBctKb,[e, KaKTo u c Qm-6es cr,mrarypr4, Kor{rro ca Balrlero Helrlacrlre ,{JII1I, rlo-Tott-

HeulacTrireTo Ha Baurara AurrJroMHa pa6ona).

Koraro ctl cbcraBtM 6r6rulorpaQwfl., Ir\e ce crpeMrl Aa cI4

M OTAeJIHIITe SarJIaBI4f, KaTO IIO-KbCHO IrIe 3arroq-

tl Ea lo6astM KbM Tffx cl4rHarypl4Te w 6tt6ttworeKara, B

Mora Aa ud orKprlr. Aro cru cl,n Ha6erssaJr MHoro 3ar-(a 6poxr rdM JrecHo MI{HaBa mo), ue ce [otBI{

KaK OT eArrH MOMeHT HaTaTbK Aa rr{ HaMI4paM.

r{aTa cr{cTeMa e Aa cI4 rlpaBl4re KnpmomeKa om. Havrepa Jrr{ HoBo 3arJIaBIde - npu6anxvr nor Quur.

orKpl4t s xos 6u6nl{oreKa roBa 3aHIaBMe Mv e Aocrbfi-tlpu6aravr fi cr,[rnarypara. Cro IdJrr'I ABecra <[uura 3aeMar

npocTpaHcrBo tI Mo)KeTe \a crL rr4 HocI4Te BceKtr{ tl5r,orllBare s 6rl6rxoterara. Tara qe noJIfII{Te s,cnaBa 3a TOBa, KaKBO CTe OTKpI{JII,I AO MOMeHTa Id 3a OHO-

BId rrpeAcrord Aa orKpI{ere orryK HacerHe. Bcu.rxo6tge nogpegeHo n as6yren peg, T. e. JIecHo IrIe orKpl4-

lctKo rbpceHo or Bac 3aHIaBIde. llpu xelanue B ropHl,{fltrbil Ha (pnura Mo)I(ere \a cil 3anvcBare cl4rHarypl{Te,

JI'B - H.,IKaKbB 3HaK, KOI,ITO AA Br4 rIOKa3Ba AaJrI4

tpyu nu e Hyt(eH 3a [o3oBaBaHl4fl or o6rq xa-SapaAr4 HflKOI4 r43BOp, [O OlpeAeJIeH Bbrlpoc }{ r. H.

[pa Ce, aKO HtMaTe TbpneHlde Aa IlpaBlime Quuroee,Aa [oJr3Bare 14 TerpaAra. Hegocrarblll4Te Ha rlo-

npaKTr{Ka ca oqeBr4AHr4: Aa peqeM, Ha nbpBa crpaHl{-, npeABl{[I{ilvAa BrlrlcBare aBTopI{Te c,,A", Ha BTopalt r. H. Cropo o6aqe qe cre Ir3qepuarll Mflcroro lr ule

qyA[Te KbAe Aa Bll,{cBare saruraBuflTa. Ha scrqroro or-l3 HRMa Aa ca BI4 rIoApe[eHI4 IIo as6yren peg. Bcnvrr't

c ,,A" lr1e ca HanbJIHo pas6tprann rto qerupl{Te

KOI/ITO CTe OTneJII4Jrtr{ 3a ,,A". OCeeH BCI4qKO Apy-c noMoulTa na Suurouere cI4 cr,crassre 1il6nvrorpaQua,

ll0rlTo Moxe Aa noJl3Bare I{ [o-HararbK, crt{ra Aa AolbJIBa-!l $6paHoro I,IJII{ nbK La ycily)Isdre na ulroft, roftro pa6o-I'tl BDpxy noAo6Ha reMa.

82 83

"'!

IIL I4a4upnaHe Ha Mal'cpttaJltrrc

B rnaea lV. qe roBopI{M I{ 3a rpyr[ BI{AoBe KaproreKl,I,orHacflull{ ce Eo npo4etneHllnte saeraeltfl) udeu, tltnnuntu (v'

rrle BT,IAI{M Kora ca HyrGI{ nogo6Hr raprorern). Tyx npocroule flocor{rdM, qe KaproreKara sa 6n6luorpaQl,rara He rpl6ra[a ce CMtITa 3a €AHO I'I ct'ulo HexIO c KnpmomeKatna Ha npo-qetneHltme KHL.t?u. llocnegnata BKJIIoqBa 3aulaBl4tra, Kotr'ITo

cre qeJII4 I{ ce cbcroll or QunoBe c rro-roJlxr.a Qoprnlar: uareslt QnuoBe rt1e noMecrl,ITe 6elexru, oIIeHKL{, ql{Tarl,t, T. e.

BCI4IIKO TOBA, KOETO IIIE BI,{ NO3BOJII4 TA NOJI3BATE 3A|JIABtr{'ITA'

Kor{To cre rlpoqerl4 B MoMeHTa Ha flt{caHe Ha reKcra (xoratoIOBEI{CTO KHI TI4 HqMA AA CA BI{ HA PA3TIOJIOX(EH'{E), KAKTO I,{

3a oQopMsHero Ha o6uara 6u6m,rorpaQr,rs. Toea He e Kapro-TeKa, Koqro e Hfril{o Aa HocilTe no 6ll6nuoreKl4Te 14 cJreAoBa-

TeJrHo Mo)Ke Aa e cbcraBeHa or Aocra roJIeMI{ mcrone (ua-Kap Aa ue ca Hafi-yAo6uu ga nonsnane).

PasJUrqHa e poJr-fira aa 6u1'tuozpafuo<nma KnpmomeKt: Ts,

BKrrorrBa BCLtqKu KnLtztt, Koutno mpa1ea da omrcptteme, a He cauore3r{, Kor,rro cre orKpr{JII,{ I4 lpoqenL{. Moxe [a pa3noJlatare c

6ra6rulorpa<fcKa KaproreKa or necer xl/trflntr 3aHIaBIrq 14 c Kap-

TOTeKa Ha npoqeTeHI,ITe KHI{II{ OT AeCeT 3alJraBI'E - MaKap TOBa

Aa roBopu 3a ArrrIJIoMHa pa6ota, 3a[oqHara npeKaneHo go6pe lr3aBr,prxeHa rIpeI€JIeHo sre. Ta:u o6u1a raproreKa cI{ t HocereBCeKr4 rrr'T, Koraro orl{Bare s 6la6rlaorexara. Ha $tnlloeere pe-

rr{crpr4paTe caMo ocHoBHI,ITe AaHHm Ha I,lrrr€pecyBaqtme BI4 3af-IraBMl.,I(bM KoIflo go6aaere cI{rnarypara lt, uait-uHoro, HlKofl[paKTI{qHa sa6erexxa, Karo ,,Aa ce KyflId", ,,MHoro Fr1DKHa",

,,Egrr xoft cI4 Ka3Ba, qe HflMa HI{KaKBa croirnocr I,I T. H." Tomo-ea. KaproreKara Ha rlpoqereHl4Te KHIIn4 Moxe Aa BKJIIoqBa rloHrKoirKo Qrura sa eAHo 3aHIaBI4e, s o6qara 6ulnvorpaQttnr{Mare eIr{H-eAr{HcrBeH <fuur Ha 3anIaBI4e.

Konroro [o-nbJIHa e o6qara BI4 KaproreKa, ToJIKoBa rlo-ro-JrsMa e Bb3Mo)KHocrra Aa rI I43noJI3Bare 3a 6rAeulu I43cneABa-

H\rA, Aa ycnplu,rre IUrKoMy (a gopu w \a n rpoAaAere), raKa qe

crr 3acJrlDr€Ba aa fl, HarIpaBI{Te go6pe. He e xelareJlHo Aa rlon-3Bare cbKparqeHl4l or creHorpa<fcrul rm. Vecmo nbplotnqo"x-Hama KnpmorneKa.44o)rrc da npedcrnal,tflBa ootolama 3e pedat<-

4unma ua o6u4ama 1ultuozpaQus ua dunto,uHarna 6Lt pa6oma.

84

lll. 2. Ws!:l'psaue ua 6n6lltorpaQr,ra'ra

Tyr cunrau,. qe e Mflcroro Aa rlocoqa [paBl4Jrara 3a IIU-

TI,{paHe Ha 6u6rutorpaQrmra. Te eaxar ga:

1) O6w,ama KapmomeKa2) KapmomeKnma Ha npo4emeHume sazJxazufl3) Ilumamu om rctuzu sa npueetcdaue nod JIL;HLUI

4) O6u4ama 1u6truoepaQun ua pa6om&ma Bu.

Ule ronopltM 3a rflx B pa3JIr{qHI4Te rJraBt{, tlocBereHl{ Ha or-EeJrHrrre starw or pa6orara . Ho myrc LLrc ?u onpedetun seduu{Ja]uHaeu. Toea ca I{3KJIIow{TeJIHo BDKHI{ rIpaBI,IJIa I4 e H}tKHo

,qa I,IMaTe TT,pneHr{eTo [a cBI4KHeTe c Tflx. IIIe sl{Alme, qe ToBa

ca [peAI4 Bcr.{rrKo [paKT[tIHI,I [paBIdJIa, no3BoJUIBaIqI4 KaKTO Ha

Bac, TaKa ,t Ha Baldrwt qI4TareJI, Ia oTKpI4e 3ailIaBI{eTO, 3a KOe-

To roBopr{Te. OceeH roBa ca }t [paBIrJIa, [oKa3Baqr'I epyAl,Ipa-

Hocr: cla3BaHero ,{M noKa3Ba 6rtrsocr c Haf{Hara nucl\Mrrlrr/L-Ha, a npeHe6peraauero r{M Il3AaBa napBeHloro B Ha}'Kara I4

xBbpJrr crHKa Ha HeAoBepI4e Bbpxy v+aqe go6pe cBbp[reHarapa6ora. OcseH ToBa resl4 npaBl{na c erI{KereH xapaKTep AaJIeqHe ca abopMaJrr{ocr. Ctuoro ce cnyqBa s o6racrra Ha cropra,na Qunarenl{3Ma, Ha 6vnnpqa, Ha rIoJII,ITuKara: aKo ntrofr gre

I43IIOJI3Ba KrrorroBrr r43pA3ll, BCt{qKI{ rO rJreAaT C HeAOBepI4e,

raro Hqxofr AoIxT,iI ,,orBbH", rofiro ,,He e or HalrI,ITe". HyNHoe Aa ce crla3Bar rlpaBl{nara Ha KoMnaHI{JITa, xofiro He u{ crla3-

BA VIIW e Kpaleq, I{JII{ utII4IoHI{H.OceeH BcrdqKo,3a Aa HapyllaBare npaBr[.Iraviltr Aa I{M ce

npOT[BO[OCraBtTe, e Hy)KHO nT,pBo Aa rt{ oIIo3HaeTe v Aa AO-

KaxeTe HecbcToflTerHocrra wM vlrv HecnpaBeAJIrlB\Lfl, vM xa'paKrep. Ho npeglr Aa KilKere, rle He e HyJKHo Aa ce rtoArlep-TaBa 3arJIaBI4eTO Ha eAHa KHI4ra, e HPI(HO Aa 3Haere, rle To ce

noAqepraBa Id 3alrlo ce roFrepTaBa.

ll[. 2, 3. Eu1.urcep ailcrcwne nocoqaaHr,fl

Ktuzu - Ero BI{ eAI4H rIpI4Mep 3a HeflpaBl,{;rno 6tl6lllor-paQcKo rlocoqBaHe:

Wilson, J., ,,Philosophy and religion", Oxford, 1961.

85

III. I4sgnpoaue Ha Marepfiarrrre

Tosa noco.{BaHe e HenpaBr{JrHo, no cJIeAHr{Te [pL{qI,IHI,{:1) [a4eHa e caMo nbpBara 6yrna or co6creeHoro r4Me

Ha aBTopa. Toea He e gocrarbrlHo, rIpeAI{ BcI4rrKo, 3auloroa3 r{cKaM Aa 3HaM r{ [BeTe r,rMeHa Ha aBropa; ocBeH roBa eBb3Mo)KHo Aa I{Ma ABaMa c eIHa r{ cbrqa Qauulux rq e'bB-nagarrlr4 HarraJrHrl 6yrnu Ha co6creeHoro r{Me. Aro nrgr, ueaBropbr Ha KHr,rrara Clavis universalis ce Ka3Ba P. Rossi, roKaK Aa pas6epa AaJrr{ craBa AyMa 3a <pu.nocoQa Paolo Rossior Onopen\trfl. urrw sa <funocoQa Pietro Rossi or Topllno.Koft e J. Cohen? Opeucrunr Kpr4rr,rK ,r ecrer Jean Cohenww alarnwficKr4x"t QnnocoQ Jonathan Cohen?

2) He rpn6na 3arJraBrrero Ha KHr,rra Aa trotraga Me)KryKaBI4qKtr, 3aUIOTO e CBeTOBHa npaKTr4Ka KaB[rrKr4Te Aa Ce

I,I3[OJI3BaT 3a 3arltaBl,f.q HA CTATWI/I vrtt 3a Crl,r-:AHvtfl.. oCSeHroBa, B AageHrl.rr [pr.{Mep, e no-go6pe Aa nocraBr{re Religionc rJraBHo R, sauloro B aHfJrocaKcoHcKr{Te 3atraB\rfl. c rJIaB-nn 6yrnu ce l{3rrr,{cBar cblrlecrBv:rrelrnrr, npr{JrarareJll{Id I{rJlaroJrr{, c MaJrKa - onpeIeJrr4TeJIHr{Te I,{ HeorrpeAeJrr4Te.rrHr{qJreHoBe, rlpegJro3r{, Haper{I4f rrqacrtrr\w (uo r.r re ca c rJraB-na 6yr<na, aKo ca fiocJregHr{ B 3arJlaBr4ero, Harrpr.{Mep TheLogical Use of |fi.

3) Tnrpae lrporrBHo e 4a pas6epolt rcade, Ho He u otnKoeo e I43AaAeHa AaAeHa KHr{ra. llpegcranere cM) rre HaMe-pr{Te eAr4H or HalZ-saxHr,rre rpy[oBe 3a Barrrero rr3cJreABaHerrpocro raKa ,,Mtr{raHo, 1975". Koe e usgarelcrnoro?,,Monqagop rd",,,P rrgo rI4",,, PycKoHtr{",,, EoM[I4aHtr{",,, Oer-TprHertr{", ,,Barapaw"? Kar KHrlx(aptr Ea BV novrorne?Aro nlr e Ha[rlcaHo ,,llapr,r)K, 1976", KT,M Koe r{slareJrcr-Bo qe ce o6rpHgre? Moxe Aa ce orpaHvqrTe c rd3rrr.{cBaHe-TO Ha rpaAa caMo aKo craBa B:brrpoc 3a MHoto cTapr4 r{3Aa-Hrrfl,, Hanpulrep ,,AvrcrepgaM 1678, Kor4To ca ,qocrbnHr,rcaMo B 6r6nnorerr[Te urrr B receH Kpbr aHTr{KBapr4arr,r.

Ipyro, aKo e rr3rrr{caHo ,,Kefru6plrgx", To sa xofr Keftu-6prgx craBa qyrvra? 3a asuui,rcKvrfl. r4rlr. aveplrxaucrlrr?Muoro ca rr3BecrHr4Te aBTopr{, KoI{To rrpaBrrr rrocoqBaHllrlcaMo Ha rpagoBe. OcseF{ Koraro craBa BT,npoc 3a eHrIr{KJro-\eanv (rlgero ce flecrr{ or Mflcroro), rona ca npoflBr{ Ha

lll. 2. l(zgwpaane na 6n6nnorpaQlrara

cHo6ilstlvr r{ HeyBax(eHlle KbM co6crseHara qI4TaTeJIcKa

Ay!'I[ropr/rfl.4) llpw Bcr{qKr{ crryar/\ B ToBa rrocoqBaHe ,,OrcQopg" e

rperrrKa. Tasu rHura He e rr,3aaqeHa B O<cQopa. Wsgageuae, KaKTo e flocoqeHo Ha rrlTyJrHara crpaHrlrla, or OxfordUniversity Press, Ho roBa r43gareJrcrBo r{Ma ce[aJrr,{tqa BJlongon, Hro I4opr l.r Topouro. OcseH roBa KHr4rara e or-neqaraHa n ka:roy, Ho Bl4Harrir ce r43rrr4cBa, ,0Lfcmo Ha u3-daBaue, a He Ha neqam (ocnen aKo He crnnagar). Oxpux neAHa ArrrJrovua pa6ora Knilta, AaAeHa rara: ,,EoMfr\raHM,Oaplrrano", 3arqoro KHI4rara e orneqaraHa BbB Oaplrnano(roero ce pas6upa or ,,orrreqarauo n..."). ,[onycrarqvflT Ta-KI4Ba eJreMeHTapHI4 rpeIXKr{ rrpaBr,r BrreqaTJreHr4e Ha qoBeK,

rofrro B )KI{Bora cI4 KHI{ra He e BI4xAal. Tatut, KT,Aero e no-MecreH copyight, il{e HaMepr{re leftcrefireJrHoro Mflcro HaIr3AaBaHe.

Axo ce orpaHr4qr4Te c rr4Tynr{ara crpaHr,{qa, Mo)Ke Aa r4s-

naAHere s sa6erelsareJrHr4 rpeluKtr{, orrr{[a Haragtr, Aa rroc-TaBI{Te r43AaAeHr4Te OT yHr4Bepcr{reTcKr4re r43AaTeJrCTBa HaVlefrn, KopHerr vilw Xapnapa KHrdrrl Karo r{3AaAeHr4 cborBer-uo n l/Iert.r^, Kopner r XapnapA: ToBa He ca rdMena rra Mecr-Hocrl4 a co6cmeeuume uwena Ha re3r{ 3HaMeHr4TI4 rlacrHldyHt{Bepcr,rrerr. Mecrara ca Hro Xeilnlu, Kefirvl6prgx (Ma-cavyserc) w lrIrara. llocnegHo rpeg)'rrpe)KleHr{e: npof,Ba Hago6rp roH e rlr,{rr4paHero Ha tpaAa, s roitro e rrsgaAeHa KHr{-FaTa, Ha OpU?UHAIHUfl UUK.

5) IIIo ce ornacr Io Aarara, ro rr He e c6rpraua cryqa4-go. He Br,rHau{ Aarara Ha rr{TyJrHara crpaHr4rla e gefrcrer.nen-Hara Aara Ha rd3qaBaHe. Moxe Ia e roAr,rHa Ha nopegHoro r{3-

AaHr{e. Calro Ha crpaHr{rlara, KbAero e [oMecreH copyightIrIe HaMepr{Te togr4Hara Ha rrbpBoro t;:;1anvre (r.aoxe r[ Aa ceoKa>I(e, qe nr,pBoro r,{3gaHr{e e AeJro Ha Apyr usgaren). Tora-Ba pa3Jrr{Kara e MHoro cbulecrBeHa. ila [peA[oJrox(rdM, qeoTKpr{eTe rrocoqBaHe KaTo ToBa:

Searl, J., Speech Acts, Cambridge, 1974.

86 87

H

IIL Ill:gupnaue Ha MarepuaJrr{re

,[a ocranuM Apyu4Te Herot{Hocrrd, Ho rrorJrexgairxn HacrpaHrlrlara, cbgbpx(au1 a copyigltt, orKpr4BaMe, qe rrbpBorovs4anve e or 1969. llplr nonoxeHr4e, qe B Ar,{rrJroMHara crlpa6ora pa3l4cKBare Bbflpoca Kora ro3r{ aBTop e rdspa3r{Jr re-3aTA CV.3a peqeBr,{re aKToBe - rrpeAr4 r.{Jrr4 cJreA ApyrI,rTe aB-Topr{, ToqHara AarrlpoBKa e uoBeqe or BaxHa. Aro rrbK qe-Tere BHrdMareJrHo flpeAroBopa, u1e pas6epere, qe ocHoBHa-Ta MI,ICLJI Ha aBTopa e [peACTaBeHa olqe B AoKTOpCKaTa MyAr'{ceprarlr{s or 1959 (orpeu Aecer roArlHr{ no-pauo) u uenpes Te3r4 Aecer rogr4Hr4 pa3Jrr4qHr{ qacrv or 6rAenlara KHr4-

ra Ber{e ca Br4x(AaJrw 6sttt cBflT [oA Qoplurara Ha crarr,g{ B

pa3rr4qHr4 <flrnocoQcr<u cilvcaHufl.. Hlrxofr Hr4Kora se 6u curroMr4cJrr4Jr Aa IIr4TI4pa TaKa:

Manzoni, Alessandro, I promessi sposi, Molfetta, 1976.

caMo ropaAr Qarra, qe Abpxu4 B pbrlere crd eAHo HoBo rd3-

AaHrde, Br{Aflno 6s.l cssr n Monrfera. Koraro pa6orure BbpxyAaAeH aBTop, roftro v Aa e rolZ, He rpa6na B Hr,rKaKbB cttytaitAa pa3npocTpaHrBaTe HeBepHrd Herrla oKoJro HeroBaTa KHr4ra.

B cnyraft qe cre noJr3BaJrr4 rro-KbcHo, upepa6oreno r4 AonbJr-HeHo I{3AaHwe, rprrlua Aa [ocorrrlTe KaKTo Aarara Ha nbpBo-rO I,I3AAHI{e, TAKA T'T. TA3T[, HA TIOPCAIIOTO, TOBA, KOETO B'IE CTE

TIOJI3BAJII[.

Cneg raro BrdArxMe KaK He rpa6na Aa ce nocorrBa KHr{-fa, HeKa pa3rJrelaMe neT KopeKTHt^ Ha\ilrrla Ha qrrTr{paHe.Moxe Aa noJr3Bare r4 Apyrrr HaLrr/rnr[., crvta Ia rro3BoJrrBarCJICAHI4TE HEIIIA:

1. Aa ce pa3iruqaBar KHr4rr{Te or crlrcaHraqra rrrrv. or rJra-BI,{TC HA KHITT{;

2. ga uxvra ABycMrlcirr{rlr4 trpr4 r4Mero Ha aBropa;3. Aa ce or6erexar Mflcro Ha rd3AaBaHero, r{3AareJr, roAtr{-

Ha Ha r{SAaBaHe 14 m3AAHt[e;4. ga e fiocoqeH o6evnr Ha KHrrara.flerre [pr4Mepa ryK ca go6pu or pa3rr4rrHa rneAHa rorrKa,

c I,{3KrroqeHr4e Ha ttbpBl{f, KofiTo, KaKTo IrIe BI4Ir{M, e natl-Ao-6tp nopaqu pasJrr4rrHr{ trpvlrvtnn:

IIl. 2. WzgupeaHe na 6u6nnorpa<puma

1. Searle, John R.

Wilson, John,

2. Searle, John R.,

Wilson, John,

3. Searle, John R.,

Wilson, John,

4. Searle, John R.,

Wilson, John,

Speech Acts - Art Essay in the Pltilosophy ofLanguage, 1* ed., Cambridge, Cambridge

University Press, 1969, (5* ed., 1974),pp.Vlll-204.Philosoplry and Religiott - The Logic of Religious

Belief , London,Oxford University Press,

1961, pp. VIII-120.Speeclr Acts (Cambridge: Cambridge, 1969),

Philosophy attd Religiott, (London: Oxford, 1961).

S p e e c h Ac t s, Cambridge, CambridgeUniversity Press, 1* ed., 1969 (5* ed., 1974),

pp. VIII-204.Philosophy and Religion, London,Odord University Press, 1961, pp. MII-120.Speech Acts. London:Cambridge University Press, 1969.

Philosophy and Religion. London:Oxford University Press, 1961

5. SEARLE, John R.,

1969 Speeclt Acls - An Essay itt tlrc Philosophy of Language,

Cambridge, Cambridge University Press

(5* ed., 1,97 4), pp. WH-204.WILSON, John796I Philosoplty and Religion - Tlrc Logic of Religious Belief,

Oxford University Press, pp. VI[-120.

Pa:6upa ce, r,{Ma r{ Mex(Ar4HHwBapvaHTa: B rrpr{Mep 1 naoNre

Aa Harrr4rrrere rlMero Ha aBTopa c rJraBHr4 6yxnu, KaKTo e B npr{-Mep 5.; B rrpr{Mep 4 voxe Aa }{Ma r4 rro,q3auraBtr{e, KaKro e B

npllMep 5. Wva, Karffo rrle Br{Ar{M, n [o-cJroN(Hr :aarilrnu, Kor[-TO BIgrrOr{BaT rd Ha3BaHI4eTO Ha IIOpeAI4IIaTa.

Hera upeqenr{M Te3r{ rrer rrpfiMepa, BcrdrrKr4Te npaBr{nHrr.

.[a npene6perHeM 3acera [pr4Mep 5. Toft Kacae cnerlr4arfir3vrpa-na 6u6nuorpaQra (orcreMa Ha no3oBaBaHe aBTop-roAr4Ha), 3aKo.rrro rqe roBopr{M rro-HaralbK. Broprar MeroA e qr4cro aMe-pI{KaHcKI,I Id ce noJI3Ba rloBerle [pI4 6eJIexKI{Te ttog JrItrH\[s, c.t-KoJIKoro e 6u6rurorpaSwnra HaKpar. Tpermr, TrrrrrdrrHo HeMc-

88 89

IlL l4sgupnaue Ha MarepnaJrr4re

Krr, Ber{e e AocTa PsArx r{ cnopeA MeH HtMa HI4KaKBr4 rrpelr{M-crea. VererprTdJrr ce r{3rroJBBa MHoro n CAIII, a Ha MeH Mr,r eaHTI{[aTI4qeH, 3arrIOTO He IIO3BOJLflBa BeAHara Aa Ce pa3rpaHr{-qr{ 3arJraBr{ero Ha KHr,rrara. llrpnuar ilpr{Mep HI{ Ka3Ba Bcr{q-KO, KOeTO Hr4 e nriKHO r,f qCHO Hr{ rrOKa3Ba, qe cTaBa Bbflpoc 3aKHtr{ra, a cblrlo r4 Kar(bB e o6elrnr Ha ra3r4 KHrlra.

Crutcauun. Komo e yAoOHa ra3r{ cr4creMa, rrle pa36epereBeIHara qoM HarrpaBr4M Tpr,r pa3Jrr4qHr{ IlocoqBaHr{f Ha cTa-TI/IA OT CTIIICAI{I'{E:

Anceschi, Luciano, ,,Oizzonte della poesia", Il Vefi 1 (NS),febbraio 1962:6-21

Anceschi, Luciano, ,,Orazonte della poesia", Il Veni 1 (NS),pp.6-21

Anceschi, Luciano, Orizzonte della poesia, in ,,Il Verri",febbraio 1962,pp.6-21

I/Iua u Apyrrd Harrr{Hrr, Ho HeKa BeAHara xBbpJrr{M nornegHa nbpBrdfl r,[. Tperrrfl. llrpau-ar [ocraBfl 3arJraBrlero B KaBr{r{-Ku) a ctrrcaHr{ero - B KypcrrB; Tperr{rr - o6parHo. 3au1o nrp-BrrflT e 3a rrpe[[orrvrane? 3aqoro [o3Bor.flBa or rrpr,B norJreAAa pa36epere, qe craBa AyMa 3a crarwfl, a He 3a rrurra. TaracTaTut[Te IIoIIaAaT B KaTeropldqTa Ha uraBr4Te oT KHI{U4 14 HaaKToBere or KoHrpecr4, cblpannn r{ T. H. BrNaa ce, qe BToprd-tT rrpr{Mep e Bapma\r fl, Ha rrbpBr4r; e[\rNd,{HrfipaHo e eAr4HcT-BOHO IIOCOqBaH9TO Ha MeOeqa Ha I,I3[aBaHe, HO TOBa IO [pa-Br4 rpelreH. En 6lr.uo no-go6pe Aa trua eIHa egrdHr4ua cJreAr{Mero Ha crrrcanuero, 3a Aa ce pa36epe, qe craBa Bbflpoc 3a6poi,r nrpnu. Tyr lrHguKar\trflTa e cxo6[ noKa3Ba, qe craBa[yMa 3a HoBa cepr4fl Ha roBa cilvcaHrqe, mfr xaro ro nNaa ceofrnbpBr{ 6poii r or 1956. I4so6qo, sa Ia l'r'v'a flcHora, e Ao6peAa ce BKJIIOqI{ IOAr,{rrrHr,{HaTa M TaKA [OCOr{BaHeTO CTaBa:Anceschi, Luciano, ,,Orizzonte della poesia", Il Veni YlI, 1.,

1962, pp. 6-21

lll. 2. I/It11upsane sa 6lr6.nlrorpalpnnra

Axo noeoro Id3AaHr4e Ha c[I,lcaHr{ero He Hocr4 roAI4urHI4-Ha ecrecrBeHo He ule Mo)r(e Aa r BKnroqvrre.IAMaflTe rrpeg-BtlA, qe llpl,f HsKor4 ctIvca]Hwfl, HoMeparlr4qTa Ha 6poene'repacre B rer{eHr,re Ha rogr.{Hara (wnv. rrbK Br,pBrd Ha roM: B

eAHa roAr{Ha MoN(e aa r4Ma HrKoJrKo). Tara qe Mo)Ke r{ AaHe rrocraB.rrre HoMepa ua 6por, AocrarbqHa e rogr4Hara r4

crpaHl,{uaTa (upu rroJrox(eHr4e, rre HoMepa\r,rflTa Ha cTpaHr{-Ilara e o6qa 3a roArrHara) Hauplfi.aep:

Guglielmi, Guido, ,,Tecnica e letteratura", Lingua e stile,

1966, pp. 323-340

Axo mpcn c[r{caHr4ero s 6ra6ruoreKa, ule sa6erexa, vecrpaHI4IIa 323 ce HaMupa B KHilNKa rpera. He erx(AaN{ o6a-qe 3alllo e Hrx(Ho Aa [oAJraIaM qr{TaTeJrr,{Te cr4 Ha roBa (Ma-Kap H.rrKor4 Aa ro [paBqr), cleA Karo Mora Aa llocoqa cTaTrlfl,-TA TAKA:

Guglielmi, Guido, ,,Tecnica e letteratura", Lingua e stile, I,3, 1966

Tara r Aa He rlocoqa crpaHrlrlara, 3aruIaBtr{ero e rro-JrecHoHaMr4paeMo. Axo peura Aa [opr,qaM 6pon or rl3AareJrcrBoro,crpaHr4rlara HflMa Aa Mr4 cBbprrll{ pa6ora, Ho HoMepbr Ha6por - Aa. flocorrBaHero Ha crpaHr{rlr{Te, o6aqe, e rroJreguo,3aruoro Br{ rro3BoJrflBa Aa pa36epere BeAHara o6eMa Ha crarr4-rTa r4 nopaAr{ roBa rrpelopbqBaM Aa He ce rpolycKa.

C6opnu4u u,,nod pedanpffima Ha..." - Cera ga Mr{HeM K6M[o-o6uI4pHI4 TpyAoBe, 6nno c6opnvr\rr c'bc crarrrr[, Ha eAr{H aB-rop, 6uro cMeceHI{ c6opunqra. Ero eAun fipocr npr{Mep:

Morpurgo-Tagliabue, Guido, ,,Aristotelismo e Barocco" n c6,

Retotica e Barocco. Aoxnagra na IIIMex/qyHapo[eH KoHIpec no xyMaHr4rapHu

uscrre1Barufl, Venezia, 15-18 ronra 1954,,

noA pe4aKrlr4ara na Enrico Castelli,Roma, Bocca, pp. 119-196.

l

90 91

lII. I4aglrpnaue Ha Marepr{anr.rre

Kaxeo MII noKa3Ba [ocoqBaHe Karo roBa? Bcrvxo, Koeroun e neo6xoAl4Mo, T. e.:

(a) Craea Ayrvra 3a reKcr, rroMecren B c6opHhK c pa3nr{q-HII CTyAt[I\ CJIeAOBaTeJTHO TOBa He e KHtr{fa Ha rrocorreH\[fl aB-rop, MaKap or 6poa Ha crpaHrluwre (77) Aa ce Brdx(Aa, qe cra-Ba Bbnpoc 3a Iocra cblbp)r€TeJrHa cTyAr{s.

(6) C6opnuKbr e B eAr{H roM rroA 3arJraBwe Pemopura uEapon tr{ BKJrroqBa reKcroBe Ha pa3rxrrHrr aBTopr{ (C6opurxvlrtt ,,c6."),

(n) Tosu c6opuur BcburHocr e AoKyMenTa\rlflTa Ha err4HKoHrpec. Baxso e Aa ce 3Hae, 3auloro B HqKor{ 6u6luorerlrnoqo6ul,r 3aruraBr4fl ca o6oco6e*H Ha orAenHo Mrrcro B Kara-Jro3rlre u paQronere sa cno6ogeH Aocr:brr.

(r) C6opnrKr,r e cr,c cbcraBrrreJr EHpnro Kacrcrll. Tosae oxre no-Baxma uuQoprraaqrr, 3arrroro B HflKor4 6u6ru,rorexrnogo6ul,r c6opHlrqu ca rroMecrer{r4 rroA r{Mero Ha cbcraBr4Te-.n.fl, B eAHa aMepr,{KaHcxa 6lr6m,toreKa Hanpr4Mep 6lrxre ro or-Kpr,{Jrr4 TaKa:

Castelli, Enrico (ed.), Retotica e Barocco vr.s.

Kbgero,,ed." o3Havaea,,editor" (ctctawrteJr, peAaKTop),,,eds". ilpu floBer{e cbcraBI4TeJIId.

Haxofi, lrtrlmnpaltrrl To3r4 aMepr4KaHcKr,{ Merog, 6r uorunAa [ocTaBr{ 3anraBueTo IIo cbrrlr4fl Har{r,{H

Castelli, Enrico, (cr'cr.), Retoica e Barocco v r.n.

Toea ca Herqa, Kor{To rpr6ea Aa 3Haere, 3a Aa Mox(ere AaorKpr4ere nogo6no M3aanrrre 6uro s KaraJrora Ha Hqxos 6l,16-Jrr4oreKa, 6ltro s Apyra HflKo.rr 6u6mrorpa<fua.

Karro u1e BrtAr{M n naparpaQ III. 2.4., no roBoA KoH-Kpereu rrprlMep sa 6r6m{orpaQcro Ar{peHe, nbpBoro ro-coqBaHe Ha roBa 3arJraBrre, Koero rrle orKprrr, e y l4cmopunHA LfinAIUAHCKAtnA rumepamypa Ha Hg.Kof. roJIflMa r43AaTeJI-cKa Kbula, B cnfrar ,,lapqaHtu". TaM TbpceHoro 3arJraBI{ee [peAcTaBeHo TaKa:

lll. 2. l4egupaaue Ha 6ublr,rorpaQulra

,[a ce r.rua rpclBrr.q... c6opur,rrrr Pennptrca u Eapot<,.[ornagl,r na IIIMexlyHapoleH Konrpec no xyMaHrlTapHrr rr3cJreABanlaa, MirlaHo, 195-5 lr sqacrHocr, BDKHara flylg,ra Ha f. Mopnypro-Tana6ye Apucmonteausu,n u

Eaporc.

Tosa e MHoro Jrorxo 6lr6nr,rorpaQcro nocouBaHe, 3auloro(a) ne Hr{ Ka3Ba co6crseHoro r4Me Ha aBropa, (6) r<apa Hr4 AaMtr{cJrI4M, qe KoHfpecbr ce e cr,crotJl e MI,IraHo I{,.II{ r{e raM er43AaAeH c6opHrrcr (n gnere HeBepHr{), (n) ue Hr4 nocoqBav3aarerrfl, (r) He Hr{ Ka3Ba KaKBa e Ar,JDKr4Hara Ha cry[r,rsra,(l) ne Hr4 Ka3Ba, xofi e crcraBr,rJr ro3rr c6opnr.m, Mar€p qe ca-Mrlrr repMtru ,,c6opHlrx" Aa HaBexIa Ha Mr4cr,Jrra 3a Harilqr-ero B Hero Ha cTaTr,{r{ oT pa3rr4qHl,{ aBTOpt{.

Axo rara s4 crcrar,nra (flrur, rqe 6epelr fl[oBe. Hyxno eAa rrpeABr4AnNr cso6oAHo Mrrcro sa rauQopua\t[trca, Koflrorrpencror{ Aa [o6asl,rN{. 3aroea u1e or6erexrru c6opuuraTAKA:

Morpurgo-Tagliabue, G. ...

,,Aristotelismo e Barocco", e Retotica e Barocco,,[orcnaAn ua III uexgyna-poAeH KoHfpec IIo xyMaHrlTapHr4 rr3cJreABaRtrfl, ..., no[ peAaKqrrrTa Ha...,

Mi-lano, ... 1955, crp. ...

flo rosl4 Haqr{H IrIe Mora [o-I(bcHo Aa BMbKHa L{ AaHHr{Te,Kor4To Mr4 Jrr4rrcBar, cJreA Karo u4 HaMepfl, 6lr.no or ilp\rya 6t6-Jrr4orpaQrlrr, or 6n6rlroreKa \[rv. or caMara KHr4ra.

Muozo a6mopu, uo 6es cbcmalumer. Hera cera [peAnoJro-xs4M, qe r{cKaMe ga <flrrrrrpaMe crarr4rr or c6oprurr, BKJrroqBauITplAoBe Ha qerr{pr4Ma pa3JrrrrrHrd aBTopr{, 6es H-flxoli or rflx Aa enpeAcraBeH Karo cbcraBr.rteJr. llog prra Mr,{ e eAHa HeMcKaKHtr{ra, BKrror{Ba[Ia qerr4pr4 cryiluv, sa T. A. van Djik, Jens Ihwe,Janos S. Petdfi, Hannes Rieser. B raxusa cnyl ,rr ce AaBa caMotr{Mero Ha nbpBl4t aBTop, cJIeABaHo or,,et a1.", Koero o3HagaBa

,,et alii" ( or nar. ,,tt gpyrv"):

Djik, T. A. van et al. , Ztu'Bestirnnrwtg nanativer StruktLu-en elc.

.li

92 93

IIL I4sguprauc rtir Ma'Icpr,rirrrrre

Hera lruueM KbM eAI,{H rIo-cJIoN(eH cJlf{aft. Crana ,qyrvra

3a AbJrra cry4r4J{, orrreqaraHa B KHr{ra rpera Ha roM ABaHaAe-cerl{ Ha eAI4H KOJTeKTI,IBeH TpyA, B tII4t{TO paMKI4 BCeKI,{ TOM

I4MA CAMOCTO'TEJIHO 3ATJIABI4E :

Hymes, Dell, ,"Anthropologl and Sociology", in Sebeolg Thomas A., ed.,

Cwrent Trends fu Littgttistics, vol. XII,Litrguistia and Adjacent Afts and Sciences, t.3,The Hague, Mouton, 1974, pp. 1445-L475

Ta<a ce r\wrvtpa orgeJrHa crarvs. or rroAo6Ho I{3AaHI4e. AKoIIbK Tpfl6Ba Aa rlr4T?rpaM rlqrocrHr4fl rPyI, To HoBr{Hara, Koflroqr4Tarer_flT oqaKBa aa HayLIJ[ oT tIo3oBaBaHeTo l{rrMa Aa e cBbp-3aHa c orleJrHa cTaTw! a c o6u\r4fl o6eu na rpyAa:

Sebeok, Thomas A. ed., Cwt'ent Trcnds in Littguistics,

The Hague, Mouton, 1967-1976, 12 voll.

Korato r{cKaM Aa [ocorra crarr fl., rroMecreHa B c6opHI,{Kc'bc crarrfi, AefrcTBaM KaTo upr4 cJrrrar c pa3nrIHI{Te aBro-p\q, c Ta3v pa3JII{Ka, qe flocraBflM r4Mero Ha aBTopa Ha crarld-qra IIpeA KHr4raTa:

Rossi Landi, Ferruccio, ,,Ideologia come progettazione sociale", inIl linguaggio come lavoro e come tnercato,

Milano, Bompiani, 1968, pp. 193-224.

CurypHo cre o6bpHaJrr4 BHr{MaHvte, qe ryK t{Ma ea*o in,KOOTO He Ce [OCTaBfl npI4 CTaTt{I,ITe OT CIIUCaHI,IO.

Ilopedut4ume. Eatta ro-Ao6pa crlcreMa Ha no3oBaBaHerro3BoJrrBa Aa ce or6eJre>K\t t4 nopeAr4rlara, B Korro e orneqa-raHa KHr4rara. clopeA MeH roBa He e HaJro)Kr{reJrHa r4Hoop-MatJJ[fl,3aIIIOTO, 3a Aa HaMepr4Te H.f,KOfl KHr,rra, BU e AoCTaTbq-HO [a 3HaeTe aBTOpa, 3arJIaBI,teTO, I,I3AaTeJICTBOTO ,{ rOAI4Ha-

ra. B HqKou ArdcUrdrrJrr4Hr,{ o6aqe flopeAr{rlara Moxe [a npeA-cTaBIqBa Herrlo KaTo rapaHwfl. r,rlwr rrbK Aa yKa3Ba 3a o[pe-AeJreHr4 Har{Hr,I TeHleHrlr{u. llope4lrqara ce [ocraBrl B Ka-

IIl. 2. I4sgtrpuaue ua 6n6llrorpaQnara

Br4r{Kr{ cJreA 3arJraBr4eTo r{ BKJrror{Ba ilopeAHr,rfl HoMep Ha I,I3-

IaHr{eTo:

Rossi'Landi, Ferruccio, Il linguaggio come lavoto e come nxercato,

iit:Tr: 1ri? t tattani 2"' M'ano' BomPiani'

Auonu.,t4u, nceldoHu/nu u m.H. Moxe Aa norlaAHere HaaHoHI4MHI{ [pOI{3BeAeHUf., HA TaKI4Ba, rIOAnr4CaHr4 C nCeBAO-

Htr{M, Ha CTaTrrV. B eHrIr4KJrOleAr{I{, TIOAITWCaIIM CaMO C Ir}lrfril'L-aJrr4Te Ha aBTopa.

B rrspwra uryuait e AocrarbrrHo Aa rrocraBl4Te ,,aHoHtr{M" Ha

MrrcToro Ha ,{Mero Ha aBTopa. Brn nropur cJry]8;r/l locraBerer4MeTO Ha aBTOpa n Cro6lr, cJreA rrceBAoHr4Ma, aro rpn6na cBbrrpocr4TeJrHa, aKo He cTe cbBceM cwryp]elr.[, qe 3HaeTe uefrcT-BT4TeJTHOTO r{Me Ha aBTOpa. AXO rmr pa6oTr4r€ C Ber{e r,BBeCreH

aBTOp, HO qr{tTO I4IO}ITIfIIHOCT Ce nOCTaBt IIOA CT,MH9HI4O OT

Kpr4Tr4Kara, To Mo)r(e ga ro or6ere)r(ere c ,,[ceB[o". Hanpurraep:

Jlosrrs (ncengo) 3a ersautaenomo.

B rperr,rr cnfrafr ule rpr6Ba Ia [or'r,pcr4re rlqroro rdMe Ha

aBTopa, TaM KbAero e or6erq3aHo Kord vrHrrquailv. 3a Kor{I{MEHA CA'BNOJI3BAHI4.

Crtu4o 6b8... OcBeH ToBa r4Ma rpyAoBe, Kor4To ca AocrbrrHr4B c6opHr,rrlr4 c nporr3Begenvfl. Ha cbu\wn aBTop r4Jrrr rrbK B pa3-HI4 aHTOJIOTMM, HO IIbK rlpeAr4 Aa 6T,AaT BKrrOr{eHr{ B TflX, Beqeca BrD(,qanr{ 6sil cssr B pa3Jrr4qHr4 ctfircalJ^]'1fl. Aro nogoeasa-HeTO Br4 e CTpaHr{qHO CIIpqMO OCHOBHaTa TeMa Ha AI{IJTOMHa-ra Br4 pa6ora, Mox{e Aa non3Bare Hafr-Aocl'brrHoTo Bu M3aa-Htr{e, aKo o6aqe ro 3acflra ocHoBHr{ npo6reMr4, pa3rne)KlaHr{BT,B BalIIl4s TpyA, qe e H[,lI{HO Aa IIOJI3BaTe IIbpBOTo I43AaHI{eHa BT'IIpOCHUIA CTaTlIfl l[JlI'L CTyEl/I$ - TOBa rO I43I{CKBa Hay'{-Hara roqHocT. Hr,{ulo He Br{ Ilpeqr{ [a noJr3BaTe Hafr-AocTarr-HOTO BI4

'{3IaHI4e, HO aKO C6OpUUmt I4Jrr{ aHTOJrOt rflTA CA

Ao6pe HanpaBeHr{ n rrx rpr6na Ea e BKJrroqeHo [ocor{BaHe Ha

94 95

.lail

IIL I4rglrpuauc ua MirrcprrnJurre

pa6orara, 3a Koflro craBa B6rrpoc. CJreAoBareJrHo MO)Ke AarroJr3B are 611 6nuorpa$cKr{ no3oBa Ba]F'ufl. KaTo cneAHoTo :

Katz, Jerrold J. n Fodor, Jerry A., ,,The Structure of a Semantic Theory",Language 39, 1963, crp. 170-210 (cru1o nrn Fodor Jerry A., u Kalz Jerrold

J., crcrawrrerv, The StructLu'e of Larryuage, Englewood Cliffs, Prentice-Hall,1964, crp. 479-518).

Koraro rro Jr3Bare 6u6nr,rorpaip \rfl rro MeroAa aBTop-ro[r4-Ha (3a KofrTo rrle roBopr4M B V. 4. 3.), ue nocraBr{re Karo oc-HOBHa rOAr4HaTa Ha IIbpBOTO t(]IAHt4ei

Katz, Jerrold J. Fodor Jerry A.,1962 ,,The structure of a Semsntic Theory", Language 39

(cru1o nt e Fodor J. A., u Katz J.J., crcranurellr,The Structure. of Langnge, Englewood Cliffs,Prentice-Hall, 1964, crp. 479-518).

Ilosoeaeautln Ha aecnuutlu. flosoBaBaHrlrra Ha BceKr4A-HeBHr{rIr{ r{ ceAMr4rIHI4t_1,[ ce [paBqT KaTo Te3r4 Ha cnvcalltf.fl, cr43KJrmqeHr4e Ha roBa, qe e [o-Ao6pe (or rJreAHa ToqKa Ha Ha-Mr,rpaeMocrra), Aa nocraBr4Te Aarara, a He 6pofl. Axo quru-paTe crarfiq rroKpar"{ ApyroTo, To He e Hyx(Ho Aa BKrroqBare B

rro3oBaBaHero r{ HoMepa Ha crpaHr{rlara (Koero Bce rraK cr4 eloJre3Ho), Hr,rTo rrbK e HyrKHo Aa ce nocoqBa KoJroHaTa. AKoo6aqe [paBr{Te r{3cnegBaHe r{MeHHo BTrpxy fleqaTa, rotaBaBeqe noAo6Hr4 r{HAr{KaIItwr ce flBflBuT 3aAbJDKr,meJrHr4:

Nascimbeni, Giulio, ,,Come I'Italiano santo e navigatore d diventato

bipolare", Conierc della \eru,25.6.1976, p.1, col. 9.

3a necrullqr4Te c r{HTepHarlr{oHanHo pa3flpocrpaHeHrle r,r

3a perr{oHairHr4Te BecTHr4rIr4 e [o6pe Aa nocoqr4Te t4 tpaAa,HarIpI4Mep The Times (London), Le Monde (Paris), //Gazzetino (Venezia), 7 .7 .I97 5.

Ifocoraeat&ffi Ha obu\ua"nuu dotgt,ueumu u/tLt Ha Kopnyclt.3a o<prquaJrHrdre [oKyMeHTr{ ,{Ma cbKparrleHr{fl 14 cvtttr,

lII. 2. Wzgvpnase sa 6u6nlrorpalpnrra

KOT4TO Ca pa3Ir{qHI4 3a pa3I[rIHr{Te Ar{CqLrnJfi[HtrI, CbITIO KaK-TO r4Ma CbKparrleHr,rq, ,r3rroJr3BaHr4 IIpr{ pa6oTa c1r,c cTapvpbKonr4cr4. Tyr ne Mo)KeM Aa HarrpaBr4M Apyr.o, ocBeH Aa Br{fipellparr{M KbM cnerlr4anr,{3r4paHara Jrr{TepaTypa, KorrTo ilIerIoJr3BaTe. II{e uanorraHl4M caMo, qe BbB BCqKa nI4crIr4IrJII4Har{Ma o6qo[pr4err{ cbKpauleHr4 fl u He cTe Inb){Gr{ Aa rrpaBr{-Te [oApo6Hr,r r4HAr4KarIrE| HA TaKr,{Ba v3lla]tsImfl. Hanplruep,3a rroJr3BaHe Ha rrapJraMeHTapHr{Te AoKyMeHTr{ Ha CAIIIeAHr{ rqaTcKr.{ yqe6Hr{K flpellopbtrBa rrocoqBaHr{fl KaTo cnel-HOTO:

S, Res. 218, 83d Cong., 2d Sess,, 100 Cong. Rec.2972 (1954).

Tosa [ocoqBaHe rIo3HaBar{I4Te qerar Karo: ,,SenateResolution number 218 adopted at the second session of theEighty third Congress, 1954, and recorded in volume 100 of theCongressional Record beginning on page 2972."

flo c-rqua Haru{H, aKo craBa Bbnpoc 3a rScJreABaHe rrocpeAHoBeKoBHa or4JrOCOQlrr, tocovvrre IM AaIeH TeKCT KaTOHaMrrpaeM s P. L. I75,948 (tunt.PL, CIXXV, col. 948), BceKr{rrle 3Hae, qe craBa Bbnpoc 3a KoiroHa 948 or 175 rou naPatrologia Intina ua Migne, KJracr,rlrecKr4 Kopnyc Ha Jrarr4HcKrir-Te reKcroBe Ha xpr{crrdJrHcKoro Cpeguonexosffe. AKo o6aqe cr,r

cbcraBrre oll6nnorpaQufr. or ,,a" r ,,6" rqe 6tAe noAxoAqrrlo Aacld 3a[I4rrlgre Ha OI4ma ITbJrHoro Ha3BaHrde Ha MareprdzlJra, a 6w6raro qo6pe raKa Aa Qrarypupa rd B o6rrlara 6u6luorpaQufl. Ha

Ar{[JroMHara Brd pa6ora:

Patrologiae Cunus C-ompletus, Series Latina, J.P.Migne, Paris, Garnie, 1844-1866,222 roua (+ Supplementum, Turnhout, Brepols, 1972).

Ilumupaue Hn Ktaat4u.3a 4.rnrpane Ha KJracr{qrl sbrr{ecrBy-BaT yHl4Bepcam{r{ MeToArd oT TL{[a Ha 3arJraBr{e-KHr{ra-tJlaB4rdrrt rracr-naparpaQ, rrJlr{ flecen-grro(. H.flrofi npoti3BeAeHr4rr canoIpa3AeJreHr4 orqe gr aHTr{qHocTTa; KOtaTO CbBpeMeHHr{ aBTO-pld lrcnoJr3Bar cBold Haqr,rHrr, o6[rnogeHo 3ana3Bar 14 rpag;fr\v-

I

96 7. Kax ce nr{rre Al{rrJroMHa pa6ora 97

lIL I4gAr,rpsaHe Ha Marepl4arl4re

OHHOTO O6OSHaqeurre. TaKa Hanpr{Mep, aKo I{cKare Aa III4TI{pa-

Te Memafuu3LtKa Ha Aprcroren, III4TIlpaHero Bl{ ure I{3rne)K,qa

raKa : Met.N,3, 1005 b, 18.

Ter<cr or Collected Papers na Charles S. Pierce o6nrHoee-Ho ce qr{rrdpa CP,2.127.

Curx or Ew6:l;lsra 6v,6vr.III4rI4paH xaro 1 Sam. 14: 6-9.

An:ruqnl.rre, (uo lr cr,BpeMeHHvre) nweat ce nocoqBarqpe3 lr3ililcBaHe Ha gefrcrwrero c pI,{McKI,{, Kaprt{Hara c apa6-cxu qrQplr r{, eBeHTyaJrHo crrrxa I4JrI{ crl{xoBere'. Bisbetica,IY,2: -50-5 1. B aurlocarcoHcKl4Te crpaHl4 [oHflKora npeAfloqr{-rar: Shrew,IV, ii, 50-51.

Paz6ttpa ce, HyxHo e re3l4, KoI{To verar pa6orara Aa 3HatlrKaKBo ce pas6lrpa nog raKa AaAeHI{re o6osHa.{eHut. Axo $,rn-JroMHara eu pa6ora e Bbpxy Enwsa6eruHcKI4JI Tearbp, HqMarerpIDKi4. Axo nrr [ocorlBaHero e [pocro eAHo ererarrHo I4 Ae-MOHCTpT{paUO epyAurlr4q orrcrloHeHl4e B H-flKOt AI4TIJTOMHa pa-6ora no [crrxoror[q, ro no-go6pe ro HanpaBere no-o6croftllo.

lllpnuxr xpvneptrft rpr6na Aa 6r[e rpaKrlduHocrra I4 flcHo-rara: aKo ce no3oBere Ha crro( or ,{arne up* II. 27. 40, ue eTpyAHo ga ce pas6epe, qe craBa A)Ma 3a qflrpl4necerld crID( orABaqecer r4 cegMa rreceu Ha BTopara r{acr Ha Eolrcecmeeua Ko/ne-

dun. BsnpexuroBa, eAr4H r43cJleAoBarer ua,[airre 6lr upe4nove:rVucm. XXVII, 40., a e go6pe Aa ce rpIlAbp)Kare rsru o6rqonpr-eTaTa npaKrr4Ka B Aa,4eHa II4cIIr{[nI4Ha - TOBa e BTOpI4, HO He rIO-

MaJroBilKeH t<pvnepttft sa n:6opa Ha HaqL{H Ha rlocoqBaHe.Pat6wpa ce, rpR6ea na BHrrMaBare 3a ABycMucruqr. Han-

pr4Mep Mucttt Ha llacrar ce o6oguaqaBa no pa3rl4qeH HaqI4H

B 3aBI{CI{MOCT OT TOBa AaJII CTaBa BT'npOC 3a I'I3AaHr{eTO Ha

Brunschvig, vtv sa HflKoe Apyro, 3auloro rloApex<gaHero epa3ruqHo. Toea ca Hetua, KoI4To ule Haf{llre, uetefrxn lute-paTypara rro AaAeHr{Jr Br,npoc.

ITosoeaaautffi ua ueusdanaHu mpydoee u narneHmu. .{uuol{}rme pa6orr, HerIerIaTaHI4TepT,Konr4cr4re r4 Apyu{ noAo6su ce [pe,{cTaBtrEro ex ABa npxMepa:

uacmntt dotgt-

At/rcepT0r\tLt[,KATO TAKI4BA.

Ill. 2. Wry,rpsaue ua 6n6wrorpaQnara

La Porta, Andrea, Aspetti di wta teoria tlell'eseatzione nel lirryuaggio

t mtttrale,,[uuovHa pa6ora npra Qar.v.nrera no

@ttroronffi n Olmoco(pl,ta, Bologna, A.A. I975-76.

Valesio, Paolo, Novantiqua: Rltetorics as a Corternporary Lirtguistic

Tlrcot,t,, pbKortl{c tloA neqar(lorrnau c .ilto6esnoro csrelitctsue ua anropa)

llo crulus Haqr{H Mo)Ke Aa rlr{rr{pare qacrHa KopecrloH-

leHlll{fl. Aro rrr r4Ma BTopocrerreHHo 3Har{eHI4e 3a AI,{nJIoMHa-ra er pa6ora, [ocrarbqHo e Aa s or6enexere rIoA rlrtrnq. AKorIbK 3HaqeHuero li 3a Barrrara pa6ora e roJlflMo, nre fl BKJIIo-Lrwre w n 6lr6nrorp a$vnra cw.

Smith, John, lll,rcvo Ao aBropa (5.1.1976)

Kaxro u1e Kax(eM n V. 3., upu nogo6nr4 [ocor{BaHt{q e xre-JrareJrHo Aa rrporrBr4re go6rp BKyc, lor{cKBai.mu paspe[reHl4eor ro3r{, roi,mo e npegocraBr4Jr MareprraJra.

Opuzuua,tutne u mexHume npeeodu. llo nplrrrqlrn 6u rpn6ea-no Aa qeTeTe r4 r\wrt pare AaAeHa KHr{ra BMHatM B opl4rl{Han.

,{eiicrelmenHocrra o6aqe e pa3nr4qHa. flpequ BcrrrlKo I{Ma esl4-rlrr, Kotrfro no o6ruo cburacrde ce cMrrra, qe He e Hyittlto ra [oJr-snare (xaro 6rmapcrcrr)vapyrtn, Kor4To ue e sada,nrttmerxHo larroJrcBare (npeqnonara ce, qe Bc;rruKrr nonasHafrear anrm,rfrcrralr Qpencrur, MaJrKo rro-Ma;rKo HeMcKI4 u qe vrraillaHlltfre pa3-6lrpar r{c[arcKr4 rdJrr{ nopryraJlcKll, 6ee [a rr{ 3HaflT, o6arle roeae rrrrro3wr, Ho rro rrpr{Hllrrn wuxofr. ne pa:6upa pycKl{ t{nl4 IxBeA-cxu). Ocnen roBa H.flKorl KHrlrr4 qlaecHo Mo)r(ere Aa cI4 qererer{ B npeBoA. Axo nraruere B6pxy Monuep, 6w6wtto rpy6a rpelr-Ka Aa [on3BaTe IIpeBoAI4, HO Ir],K aKO craBa BbIIpoC 3a qy)K[ec-

rpaHeH Tpyr no vcrop:,IA Ha Hallrara crpaHa, 6es [a ce [pl4rec-IUrBare Mox<e Aa noJr3Bare HeroBr4.rr [peBoA, srura roit [a e Ao-6rp. Bce raK e Ao6pe Aa BKnIoqI4re s 6r{6rrorpa0l4flra cI{\t oprffuHaJlHoro ,rgaaHr,[.e, rufr rato Balrlara MHavKar\Mfl,

ue cnyx(rd lr Ha raKr{Ba qI4TareJIId, KoI4To 6l,rxa npegnoue-JII{ Aa [pOqeTaT IU4TIfpaHOTO CT,rIr{HeHI4'e HA OpI[ll[I{aJII{\[tt

98 99

!

I

-

III. l,Ielupsase Ha Marepr,IaJlure

e3r4r(. cbr]Ioro BDKI,I I{ KoraTo ce rro3oBaBaTe Ha opurl{-HaJTHO r{3IZlHr4e, KOerO MOXe Aa Ce rIOJr3Ba I{ B [peBoA -fiocoqere r{ [peBoIa. Hanpl,ruep:

Runciman, Steven, The Histoty of the First Bulatiart. hnpire, London, G.

Bell & Sons, 1930, (6ur. rpeBo.q Mapr,ra flnnesa Prucl.tuari, CrrrntH,I4cnopua ua lfnpeonto 6t,azapcxo 4apcnt6o, CoQnr, l,ts[. ,,I4saH Ba-

son"/Cr.rayet OOI 1993 r.)

Wr,e ila, r{3KJrrotreHr,rs? .{a. HauprlMep, aKo AI{lJIoMHara BI4

paoora He e HarMcaHa Ha rpbuKr[., a BM e Hy)KHo Aa ce no3oBe-reHan'bptmaama or lharos (npuvrepno B pa6ora, B Korro I,{s-

6poneare pa3Hr,{ rcpr4ArqecKr{ apryMeHrr4) e gocramrlHo ra)rroqHr.{Te r{3AaHr{ero r4 [peBoAa, Kor{To cre rroJr3BaJlu. llo ct-uIr4JI Haqr,{H, aKO rrr4rrreTe Ar4rrJroMHa paooTa IIo KyJffypHa aHT-

po[oJrorr{fl 14 Br4 ce HaJrara Aa rlr{Tr4paTe

Lotnran, .Tu. rr M. Uspenskij, B. A.'lipoktgia della ailtw'a,Milano, Bompiani, 1975.

Mtlrxc cnoKoiiHo Air ce no3oBere Ha r(TaJrr{aHcKoro I,I3AaHI4e,

ilPocl'o 3llrJ(o'fo tre cbulecrByBa raKaBa KHtrra Ha pycKr4 - ToBao c()opl.u4K o'l' grarvv, cb6paHr,r or r{TaJrr{aHcKLr cbcraBl{TeJII{,r'ritii-Mlroro Mo)Ke Aa r4M yrorrHrdre r,{MeHara. Ho aro At{[JIoM-HaTa BI4 pa6oTa Ce OTHaCq IO CeMr{OTr{qHr4 r{3CJreABaHvtA, "tpfl6-Ba Aa rroAxoAr{Te c rro-rorqMa rorrHocr. Aro ge cre B cr,crotl-lnne Aaqerere pycKrl (u grnnouuara Br{ pa6ora He e Bbpxy pyc-Kara ceMr{orr{Ka), Bce rraK r-pn6na Aa cre Ha{cHo Har;i-o6ulo 3a

cr,croqHfiero Ha r43cJTeABaHr{rrra. Toraea ue rpq6Ba Ia rroKDKe-re Kora e [y6rr4K]tsaHo 3a rrp:bB rrbT rlr{Tr,rpaHoro c6tII4HeHI4e I4

r(bAe. 3aroBa or6enexere crarr,rrrra raKa:

JIorvaH, IOpuri M. ,,O nonarul,r reorpaQcroro npocrpaHcrBa B pyccKrrx

'tr#;:tr:i:'i*;ff"#l:zno3Ha*)6butEr"nr npenog ... u r. H.

Ill. 2. Wsgwpsase na 6lt6ll,torpa(rtrma

3a uenpenexgaHr,{ TpyAoBe, [I,{caHI{ Ha MaJIKo pa3fipocrpaHe-

Hr4 e3r{rlr{, e Ao6pe Aa rlocraBflTe B cl(o6t4 rIpeBoA Ha 3arJlaBl{sro.

.[a pasrnegaMe HaKpa.fi eltiH cJrf{afr, xofrro Ha rlpl,B rlor-JreA L{3rJre)K,qa rBbpAe cro)KeH I4 qI{ero ,,nepoeKTHo" paspe-

[reHr{e e MHoro rpyAHo. II{e nu4l,tn I{ KaK peuleHl{qra MofarAa Bapr{par.

.[autra ErfpoH e ap)KeHrI{HcKL{ eBpeI,IH, roitto npee 1941 ro-guua ny6mKyBa B Auepura na asmlrticKla e3I{K euHo ll3cne[-B€He Bbpxy x{ecTl4KyJlaqvl,rre Ha eBpeld t't vffanuaHL\la e HIoI4opr, nol garnaet{e Gesturc and Enviromment. flpes 1970 r' sApxeuruua usl$Ba ,{claHcKll IIpeBoA c pa3nl{qHo 3ailIaBl{eGesto, raza y culttu'a.Ilpes 1972 r. e XoraHAilfl, ce iloflBflBa aHr-

tfiii,tct<tt [peBoA Ha I4crIaHcI(J{.s reKcT sbc 3aHIaBtIe, cJIeABauo

rtcrraHcKoro - Gesttue, Race and Culture. Or roea IsAaHI{e e

HanpaBeH MTaIrrtraHcKM rIpeBoA, Gesto, razza e cultttra, 1974.

Kar Aa IIt{TI4paMe rasfi rur{ra?,[a pasrnegaMe ABa rpai,tur cnf{afl:llrpnunt B\r3trpa[I,IrlrroMHa pa6ora Bbpxy Aagq E$pou. B

To3I{ cnyqafr o6uara 6lr6lllorpaQl{Jl Iqe cl,At'p)€ ceKIII'Ifl, Iroc-BeTeHa Ha TpyaoBere Ha aBropa, v Bcrl.uKM Te3r{ I43AaHI4nrpn6-

Ba Aa ce qI{rI{paT xpoHonon4qHo, KaTo npt{ Bc,trl(o u}{rl{paHe ce

or6emsna, qe cTaBa [yvla 3a HoBo I{3AaHr[e Ha eAI'IH I4 CIU]I{TeKcr. llpegno:rara ce, qe II,IIJIoMaHT],T e BI,rIfln BcrrrII<Il Te3I{

\rsaa*\[A,3alrloro e 6ulo HfxHo Aa npoBepl'I AaJIr{ He ca BHece-

HI{ HqKaKBI,{ U3MeHeHl'Ls B n:bpBoHaqaJlHoTo v3IaHI[e.Bropnm crrynisl pa3rne)KAa AI4rIJroMHa pa6ora ro I'{KoHo-

Mr,rKa, lto noJll4Tt{qeclcl Haylsl IIJII4 rIO COqI{OJIOrr{.fl BbptT npo6-JreMI{Te Ha eMurpaq\t*TtrrKHl,Irara ua E<fpoH e III4TIlpaHa Karor{Jrrocrpaquq Ha H-flrol,'t Mapru{HaneH npo6nernl. B rosfi cnyvafi e

AOCTaTbqHO Aa Ce III4TI{pa CaMO I4TaJII4aHCKOTO I{3AaHI4e.

Ho ero eAr4H MexnI4HeH cJr) {aI"I. Or qurupaHero rpx6ea ga

craHe qcHo, qe I43creABaHero e or 1941 r., a He or no-r<lcHo. Brarc,B cJrf{afr Hafr-qo6poro pellreHt{e 6w 6vtto:

Efron, David. Gestw'e and Envhonntel/. New York, King's Crown

Press, 1941 (tr. it. di Michelangelo Spada,

Gesto, razza e cultwa, Milano, Bompiani, 1974)

101

k

1.

k

I100

!

III. TlsllrpnaHe lta MarcpttaflI4re

,[a, uo fipeAcraBere ct{, qe B IlTaJII4aHcKoro I,{3AaHve Ha

crpaHr4qara c copyright ce Ka3Ba, qe [bpBoro I{3AaHI4e e or1941 rogltra B I,{3AareJlcr:no King's Crown, Ha He ce uI{TI4paoprlrr4HanHoro I43AaHI{e, a roBa Ha xonaHlcKoro or 1972 r.Tosa 6u 6uno rpy6a rpelxKa (u ruora Aa ro KilKa, 3alrloro a3

BoAfl rropeAvl\ara, B Koflro I43JIe3e KHI4rara na EQpon),3-alqo-ro cryAeHrtr IrIe ce ilpxHygll Aa IIT,ITI{pa I43AaHIlero or 1941 r.xaro Gesture, Race and Culture. Ero sau1o Br{Hau4 rpoBepq-eatlre BepHocrra ua 6ulntqorpaQcxr,rre perf epeHqr w. E\wrtrro-aKypareH AI{[noMaHr, Kofrro r4cKa Aa noKa>Ke cJIoxHI4tnbr Ha cbqr4HeHt{ero na EQpoH, 6u rpr6naJlo [a cv QwtmparlrJraTa uHQoprvlaqufl, a [MeHHo:

Efron, David. Gesture and Envit'orunenl, New York, King's Crown

Press 1941 (2* ed., Gesture, Race and Cultw'e,

The Hague, Mouton, 1912;tr. it. di Michelangelo Spada,

Gesto, razza e cultura, Milano, Bompiani, 1974)

Moxeu Aa 3aKiIIor{I4M, qe [bJlHorara Ha unQoprvraquma3ar,lrctr' or rx[a [IrrIJIoMHa pa6ora t{ or poJlflTa, I(oflTo III{TI4-

paHaTa KHL{|I4 [rpae 3a IIflJIocTHr,[,fl CIlWC'bn Ha IralleTo I43JIO-

)KeHI4e (aant [pegcraBrqBa I43Bop or [T,pBa IIJII{ or BTopa

p},Ka, AaJIIiI e B&)KHO Ia Ce 3Hae KOra e I{3JIO)I(CHa 3a nbpBl{nbr Aa[eHa xl4rlore3a ll r. H.)

I4sroxeHrare [paBIdJIa HI4 AaBar cra6rlna ocHoBa I,I sa

nspa6ornane na o6urara 6vltuorpaQnn Ha AI4rIJIoMHarapa6ora. Ho sa Heq nle ce BbpHeM B raparpaQwY. 4.2. uV. 4. 3., Karo rIoKilKeM ABe pa3nI4qHI4 cI4creMI4 3a l{3pa-6orsaHe sa o6ula 6u6nuorpa$vn v 3a Bpb3Ka MyNgy 6e-Jre)KKa v, 1vlnq,orpaQcro [ocoqBaHe. II]e HaMepldre I4

rpr4Mepr4 3a pa3rr4qHl,{re BIdAoBe 6r6nnorpatf ua (ra6nuqul6.v 17). ITpeztedafitne GHlt/namerHo mesu cmpaHuL4u, 3a

itt ntttty,1l111r( n'to.iln npedcmaaa 3a npazu.nHomo o(topuauettu futfi,tttrti'pu(nutnu.3acera HI4 e AocrarbqHo Aa HayqIdM

ruu( cc t,t :t1trt(tt t't'lttt't' 6N 6.n u orpatlrcrure {ru ruone. VKasa H I,It-'t'lt ttt(r lill ll(x:JlyIill'1" 'ril /lil u4 lrilllpilll14'l'c c/lHil l(opeKTHa

Kn lvt'0'l'eKn,

I02

lll. 2. lrlzgvrpnase sa lvlmrorpaQr,rara

B ra6nl.rqa 2 ganav rpl4Mep sa 6l46rl4orpaibcKl4 <fnur. Kar<-

To ce BrDKAa, AoKaro r43BtpuBax 6r6,nuorpaQcKoro AI4peHe,nain-nanpeg crv or6els3aJr I{TaJII{aHcIs4fl IrpeBoA Ha 3arila-Br4ero. llocne HaMepr4x KHrlrara B KaraJlora na 6u6lltorera-Ta rr crr or6erqsax rope B rrrcHo ct'KpaqeHl,{ero Ha 6w6two-TeKaTa, B KOflTO CbM OTKpI4n CT,qI4H9HI4CTO I4 CI{rHaTypaTa Ha

ToMa. Cerue, Koraro rroJrf{I{x KHI4rara, Ha crpaHl{Ilara ccopyright orKpr4x opr4rr{HaJrHoro 3arJraB ve a \BqareJlcrBoro,ny6nrryealo rrbpBoro r43AaHr{e. Hsuaure or6enasaHa gara,Ho orKpr,{x eAHa Ha BTopa crpaHrrlla Ha KopI{IIara v cv. q or6e-rq3ax. llocre cv 3ailvcax [n xnagparul,r cxo6u] ro I(aKr,B

npo6neu [cKaM Aa KoHcynrl4paM KHt{rara.

Ill.2. 4. EudauonuKarna rua Atexcandpua:*edun ercorcpuneHm

Hqrofr Mo)Ke Aa Bb3pa3r{, qe AaAeHI4Te or MeH cbBerI{ catIoAXOAqrqr 3a cleqr{aJrr43r4paHo I{3cJIe[BaHe, Ho r{e MraA rro-

ner<, 6es Hy)KHara c[erlr4aJrHa rroAroroBKa, Iqe cpetuHe MHoforpyAHocrl{:

- HqMa Ha pa3[oJIo)KeHIle roJItIMa 6lt6m,rorera, 3alrloroXS4BEE B MAJIKO HACEJIEHO M'ICTO;

- ,rl.r.a rBbpAe o6tl{lw wgev 3a roBa, Koero rt'pcI{ t{ Aopld He

3nae orK:bAe Aa 3arroqHe pa6orara cI{ c KaraJrora, 3alrloro He eIIOJTYI{I{I AOCTAT6qHO HAIIbTCTBI4' OT HAT{HI4' CI4 PbKOBOAIMEN;

- He Moxe ga o6urana 6n6rurorexnre ryK I{ raM (sauloroHsMa [apr{, BpeMe wnv, e 6oren).

Hexa clr npeAcraBIIM eAI{H ral(bB KpaeH crryna'a6.,[a npeguo-Jro)Ktr{M, qe cr}aeHT'br pa6orlr, qe npe3 Ilqroro cI,I cnegBaHe

TBbpge MaJrKo e fiocerlaBan ]TII4Bepct{Tera.I4v.ar, e nepl4oglttl-HI4 KOHTaKTT4 CaMO C eAI{H-eAI4HCTBeH rIpelOAaBaTeJI, Aa per{eMTo3r{ no ecrerrdKa r{Jrr,r rro \rcrop\rfl Ha Jll{repary?ara. 3afficnqre Aa 3anoqHe pa6orara a'r. HaBpeMe, I{Ma Ha pa3[ono)KeHl{ecaMo rrocJreAHara aKageMuqHa roAI4Ha. llpes cerrreMBpl4 e yc-

- lpag Ar.-*"apr,ra n I4ralu.a, npoBtrHllufl rlnevonr, po.uHo Mflcro Ha Vv6eproEro, a He Apeenlrar rpag A;rexcaigpna a Ernner cbc 3HaMeHUTara ctr 6u6nuore-ra. Bce nai n no,q6opa ua npuuepa nr'aa HfiKaKBa trpoHt{r{Ha lrrpa. - 6en. peg..

I

I103

III. Izlsgupnaue Ha MareptraJll4re

Ta6nuqa I

TIPETOBOP HA IIPABI4JIATA3A EI,IEJII4OIPAOCKO IOCOTIBAHE

Ha rpaa Ha ro3rr AbJrbr rrperJreg HeKa lperoBoptrM, L{3-

6porsaftru BcflrrKr,r KoMrroHeHTrr Ha eAHo 4o6po 6u6nlror-paQcro nocoqBaHe. flo4uepranu o"re (npu neirar [o,qqep-raBaHero craBa Kypcfin) roaa, Koero rpa6ra Aa e floAqepra-Ho u cMe flocraBttJlll B KaBI{rIKtI oHoBa, xoero rpa6ra Aa e BKaBrrcrKr{. 3anetaftrr,rre u cxo6ur:e cbrrlo ca roqHo raM, Kb-gero rpx6na.

Crc seesAu.Irra ca or6eng3aHff ocHoBHr{Te npaBrdJra, Te3vr

Kor{To ne rpa6ra Hut(oea qa npeHe6perBare. Ocranarr,rrelpenopbKr{ He ca SaAb.IluTeilHvrv SaBucflT oT Tr{[a Ha Avn-JroMHara pa6ora.

I(ETIITW

* 1. OaMrfirvs. trt yrMe Ha aBTopa (ulr.r na aBTop[Te, rIJrI{

Ha cbcTaBr,frerfl., c eBeHry:rJIHrr ulJ4r[Karyu 3a nceBAoHr'rMrtJrr{ norpemna ugenrrQvKa\us. na anropa),

* 2.3aztasue u-nodsazrtanue ru npouseedenuemo (nog-qepraHo u.lIr,t n rypcra),

3. (,,flopeMua"),4. flopegen HoMep Ha r4sAaHrrero (aro ca nrrorr o),* 5. Mgcro Ha rr3AaBaHe: aKo He e r,r3[rdcano B Kgr,Irara:

s.l (6es Mrcro),* 6. VIsilureJr: aKo rre e r,r3rucan, ro flporrycKare,* 7. loguna Ha r{3AaBaHe: aKo He e rr3nrrcaHa: s.d. (6es

gam),8. Enenryamrm Eartlav, ourocHo nocnegHoro vrz1uuile,

aKo cTe noJl3Biurt{ Hero,9. Epofi Ha crpaHr{rrJ,rre u 6poilr Ha roMoBere, or Kou-

TO e CbCTaBeH lpyAbT, aKO Ca noBeqe OT eAr,rH,

104

UL 2. Wsgupzaue sa 6vr6nuorpa(pnara

10. (llpenoa: r,rMe Ha [peBoAatra, [peBoAHoro 3aHraBtr{e,

MtcTo Ha ,I3AaBaHe, !I3AaTeJI, fo,qr{Ha Ha rI3AaBaHe, eBeHTy-

alHo 6poit na opaunqme).

CTATVIIA

* 1.. llpesuue u uMe Ha aBTopa,

*2. ,,3arutanue Ha crarfvmra" (n ranr.rurr.r),

* 3. VIve Ha cntr{caHr,rero,*4. Tovr u 6poit Ha us4a:auero (enenrya IIllrM uu4uKarlu\r

3a npeKbcBaHe r{ nocJreAnano srgo6HoBrBaHe Ha ils4aHue-TO, nopaAr{ BI3MO)KHOCT 3a HeTCHOTa n UOUepaqrUra),

5. Meceq rl roArrna,6. Or ro.f, Ao Kofi crpaHrrqa e rroMecreHa crurwna.

|JIABI,{ OT KHI4fI4, AOKyMEHTT4 OT KOH|PE-cI/, C[N|I/II4 B KOJIEKTI/IBHI TPyIOBE

*L. llpesuvrevuv.e Ha aBTopa,* 2.,,3autayvte Ha' rrasar a vrrv crarvrrra" (n KaBtrqKrI),*3. .Bt'*4.ItIl.z'e Ha cbcraBr{TeJur, aKo r,{Ma raKbB uw, c6opHuK,*5.3aztaeue Ha Ko.neKmueuun mpyd,6. (VIve Ha cbcraBr{reJur, aKo rro-rope cre fiocraBrrJrrl

,,C6opnur"),*7. IlopegeH 6pofi na roMa, B rofiro e rroMecreHa crarv-

ara (axo r,rMa noBerre roMoBe),*8. Mscro Ha n3AaBaHe, rr3AareJr, 6pofi Ha crpaHr{rlr{re,

KaKTO e UpL{ KHI{IL{Te C eAI{H aBTOp.

105

III. I4rgrpnaue Ha Marepl4aJlrre IIl. 2, I/Itgitpnaue Ha 6r46rrorpaibl4flra

rurJr Aa ce cperrlHe c rpooecopa I{JII4 rulKofr or acncteHTtlTe My,

HO nopaAr{ cecwffa pasroBopbr e 6r,rr rBbpAe KparbK. IIpoQe-copbr My e Ka3aJr: ,,3au1o He HaflIdurere AI4ILIIoMHa pa6oTa Bbp-xy pa36r4paHero 3a MeratDopa y [peIcraBI4reJII4Te Ha rttarmanc-rou 6apox?" Creg roBa cryAelrrbr ce e Bbpl{an B cBoero Hace-

JIeHO MrrCTO, Aa perreM ceJlo c il{lIAAa )KvrTelrvr, B KoeTo IUIMa

6u6m,lorera . Hair-lilttswrrr [o-roJr.rrM rpan (uenergecer xIdJIt-gl,l Aylrll,t) e Ha rroJroBI{H qac nbr. B sero uva 6u6ttvtoreKa, or-BopeHa cyrpun r mego6eA.

Belnuaftro{ Asa ceo6o4rul rIoJrnHI{, cryAellrbr rpt6sa Aa ortl-Ae BbB Bbnpocuara 6u6nuorera I4 Ia rlpoBeprr AaJIM ritM I4Ma

AOCTarbrrHo :[.laTP-pvrarJ4., 3a Aa ca cbcTaBI4 I4Iet 3a TeMATA W AarI[.ne 6u proru B r{et Aa cld cBbpllrr,r IIflJIara neo6xoguvra pa6om.He e s gbcrotHlle Aa Kyrrld cKbnl{ Knutvrttllrlaa rlopbqa MI4Kpo-

(furnm. B nafr-go6pra cnyuafr Mo)Ke Aa orl4Ae Ao ylrl{Bepcl4rer-cxara 6w6wtoreKa ABa-TpI4 IrbrI{ MexdAy frryapvv atptr:,r.3ace-ra o6a.re My ce HaJrara ga pa6our Ha Mrlcro. Aro e oco6eno ne-o6xoguvro, Mo)r(e Aa crr flo3Boru{ Aa KFrtI tulKofl HacKopo ISAa-

AeHa KHr{ra, crpyBarqa He rloBeqe oT neT-IIrecT )rJ/',JIflAI/'..

Tona e xrrnorerrdrrHr4Jrr Bapr4aHT, roirro qe pa3rJleAaMe.

Onrrax ce Aa BJIt3a B rIoJIo)KeHI,Iero Ha raKbB gryEeHT, nrrueft-Kr[. Te3Il4 peAOBe B eAHO MZIJTKO CeJIIIe Ha ABaIeCeT Id rpl4 KI{JIO-

Merpa or Anercaugplu (lenerlecer xrIJtflrvr NUrreJIId, c eAHa

rpaacra 6u6mrorcra, rl{HaKorera u vryseft). Hafr-6lusKuflTyHr{BepcrrrercKrr qeHTbp g fenya (na egun qac rrbr), Ho 3a qac

l,t rroJroBrdHa ce crr{ra go Topllno v,fIaevfl..3a rpr qaca - Ao Fo-roriq. Tosa He e Jrouo pa3[oJloxeHlle, Ho ryK HflMa Aa trbpxcdMcMerKa 3a yur4Bepo{TercKllT€ IIeHrpoBe, u1e pa6otlarvr caMo B

Anercangpra.Ha nropo Mrrcro, nocrapax ce ga ras6epa reMa, Bbp)ry Kosro

He gbM pa6orum I{ 3a KoflTo cbM orHocI4TeJrHo He[oArorBeH.Taxasa e r4MeHHo reMara sa pas6r,rpanero 3a ruremtfopa y npeA-

craBwrerr,rre HarTalrwancrux 6apor..flcno e, qe He cbM HaIrbJI-HO HeIIOlrOTtseH, 3aIIIOTO Beqe CbM Ce 3aHI,IMaBaJI C eCTeTI4Ka Id

peropr.{Ka: 3HaM Harrpr{Mep, rre B Watrus, B nocJIeAHIrre Aecerld-Irerwfl. ca ltgJre3Jrr{ KHtr{rff, flocBerenld na 6apora, ot ,{xonanu,{xero, Jlyrano Anuecxu, Equo Paftvrorqr. 3navr, qe cbrrlesr-

Ta6nnqa 2

IIPI4MEP 3A B'IDJII4OTPAOCKI{ ONIII

Bs. Con/07 - s/7/

eUtnB"{C/{, trichJlinesis - ?ea-ta"etta6 0 eanaqaa-

6a ufueftafi(fta .fro/.tuuo, tinaudi,/956, 2 uoll., lt/t..WIlI-28? u

350

Olznzuaa-tno a az,ca€ae :Jlinesis. hargegellc Wrklichkeit in

der abendlandischen titeratur, Bern,

Tranche. . . /9Y6

[qa noz"ugaa crfla6a.a6a ,, Ceerfrara

e qcfiafia t a .7fanrfrazlrruan ", Aa?

&6o/.u"n 6oaJ

106 107

III. l4rgrrpaaHe Ha Mareprrarurre

B)tsa eAr4H TpaKTaT OT Ce,[eMHairCsTr{ BeK, B KOrTO Te3rr [pO6-reMr4 ca noApoSHo Ar.{crgm{paHr. ToBa o6aqe e r{ Mr4Hr,rMyMr,r,KoIlTo rpq6Ba Aa 3Hae Harflrrrr cryAeHr, 3arqoro KbM Kpa.fl HaIIOCJIeAHaTa rOAI{Ha Beqe IIIe Ia e IOJIO)KI,II HqKaKT,B II3IIIfT 14.

aKo e llpoqeir rurKo{ oT KHr4rr,fre Ha rrpooecopa cv, qe Ia e 3a-6erqgan Ha KaKBo roit o6ptrqa BHr,{MaHrre x qe e qr{rr4paJr r€r4rplrloBe. B:ss ecerar cnyuair.,3a Aa e fio-r{crr{HcKa cr,rryar\wffarrprreMaM, qe He 3HaM Hr4rrlo or roBa, Koero eHarvl. OrpaHl{qa-BaM ce c rro3HaHr,{tra cr4 or f{r4Jrr4rrle: ue 6aporur r4Ma Helqoo6u1o c I{3l(ycrtsoro r.{ Jrr,rreparypara Ha cegelruafrcerr{ BeK r{ r{e

rnreraoopa'ra e peropr,rqHa Qrrypa. Tonos.Perulx Aa IrocBers 3a [T,pBoHar{aJIHo rbpceHe IUrKoJrKo cJre-

go6ega, Mexqy rpr{ r4 rxecr qaca. Tara lqe r{MaM Ha pa3rroJro-)KeHr/re BcuqKo Ha Bcr,rqKo AeBeT qaca. 3a Aeeer qaca He Mox{eAa flpoqerere KHr4rtr{re, Ho Mo)Ke Aa 3arroqHere c 6u6nr,rorpaQ-cKoro Ar{peHe. Bcl,rqro roBa, Koero ule pa3KDKa B cregBallffTeHflKoJrKo crpaHr{qr{ e HanpaBeHo 3a [eBer qaca. Tosa He e Mo-Aen 3a eAHa 3aBr,prueHa r{ To Ha:nrcrrrHago6pe HanpaneHa pa6o-Ta, a MoAeJI 3a nr,pBoHaqaJrHa pa6ora, Ko.trTo u1e Mrd [ocJr]DKr{Aa B3eMa Hrrr(or4 BilKHrl peueHr4_fi.

Blrgal"Iru s 6x6ruloreKara, ,{MaM Tpr[ rrbrs, [o Kor4ToMora ga rroeMa, KaKTo Ka3axMe Berre B III.2. 1.

1. Ia 3arroqHa c flperJreg Ha c],{creMarrrqHnfl. KaraJror:Mora Aa rbpcq ua: ,,WrarvtaHcKa Jrr4Teparypa", ,,Jltr{Teparypa(urarlraHcra)",,,Ecrerl4Ka",,,CegeMHaAecerI,I BeK(c,,Ea-poK",,,MeraQopa ",,, P etopl4Ka",,, llpegc:ta B\rr e JtM",,, lI oeru-<a".1 Bu6rl{oreKara r{Ma ABa Karallora, egrlH crap rr eA:,[H

ocbBpeMeHeH, Karo r{ ABara ca pa3geneHu Ha as6yrerv c\rc-TeMarr4qeH. Bce oqe ABara KaraJrora He ca r4HTetpwpanvr u3aroBa e ueo6xoquMo Aa rroJr3BaM rr crapnfl,, rr HoBua,. Mora

-l I-" *pa" toA ,,Cegevsalecern ner", ,,Eapor" nln ,,Ecrerlrxa", rr:rlex,gatcHo or cauo ce6e or; c rrgerra Aa norJregHa s ,,lloerflxa", Heuara croflT MiIJr-Ko no-pa3rr,rr{Ho. Bce nax rpy.uHo e .qa ct{ npeAcraBrrM, rre cry,qeHr Moxe Aa crr4r-He AOTyK, Tp'brBar,rKl,r cl,BceM oT HyJraTa, cJreA KaTo He e ycrrrJr [opr{ caMocTon-reJIHo Aa Qopvymrpa reMara cu. Hafr-nepoarHo or pa3roBop c HayrrHr,rr cr.{ pr,-KOBOAT{TeJI, C nprrrTeJr r.tJlll oT npoqtrTa Ha Heulo Ta3t,I tt,qefl Moxe ,qa My e Aolll-JIa B rJraBara, OcaeH scr{qKo lpyro, ue [a e qyn [a ce roBopr4 sa ,,lloerl,rra HaEapoxa" r,rJru 3a noefl,tKa nro6lrre. Taxa qe, ga npegnoloxr.rM, qe cryAeHTbr cee cerl{Jl 3a roBa. - 6ea. anr.

IlI. 2. Vls.qlrpnaue na 6l,t6li'rorpatpuara

Hepa3yMHo Aa peua, qe aKo rr,pcq rpyA OT AeBerHaAecert{BeK, rrle ro orKpl{l B crapl{fl KaraJlot. fperura. Axo 6lt6llro-TeKaTa ro e 3aKyrll{na npeAl{ roAt{Ha or H.[KO'"I aHrI{IGap, llleE NOCTABCH B HOBI,{'I I(ATAJIOT.

2. fia ce KoHcyJITI{paM c eHqI,{KJrore[I,{u I{ rpyloBe IIo I{c-

Topr{fl Ha nl4reparypara. II{o ce orHacf Ao I'IcropHq Ha JII{re-

parypara, (vwr rua ecrerl4Kara), ue rpn6ea Aa norJIeAHa rJIa-

Bara rrocBereHa Ha ceAeMHaAecerl4 BeK vJtr\' Ha 6apoxa. B en-

ur,rKno[eAr{r4Te IrIe MOra Ia rlorr,pcfl: cegevtuagecerl'I BeK,

Eapor, Mera<fopa, floerura rr r. H., KaKro 6llx nanpaelrn[pI4 CI4CTeM AT\['-rllr4fl, KaraJIOr.

3. ,[a pasnuraM 6t{6nl4oreKapq. Begnara 3aqepKBaM ro3l4

Bapr{aHT, 3auloro e HaIl-JIecHI{lr, IrtK I,'I He 6I{ ce [on) {I{JI Aoc-TOBepeH pa3Ka3. llosnaeax 6ll6llnorexapt I4 KoraTo My Ka3ax c

KaKBO Ce 3aHI4MaBaM B MOMOHTa, TOI'{ Me 3aCl4na CT'C 3a|JIaBI'IJI

ua 6ll6.rr,rorpaQcrul c[paBoqH[III,I, BKJIIoqI{reJIHo Ha HeMcKI{ I{

aurulriacru'r. llpegnoxu Mr'[. v aa MI{ ocur}pt{ rlo MHoro KHt{lI'I

HaBeElfb)K, Ho Nry orl(a3ax, o6plu1afrrul ce caMo KT)M cJr)'DKI4-

T€JrKr4Te. Tpa6naure Aa npecMerHa TpynHocrt[Te \4 Heo6xoII{-MOTO BpeMe, IlocraBsllKl4 Ce Ha MJICTOTO Ha Cn)qaeH r{oBeK.

B xpafrHa cMerKa tc6pax Aa rpbrHa or cucreMarltlHl4fi Ka-

TaJror r,{ ToBa He 6e go6pe, 3alrloro I'IMax npeKareHo rorqM KT,c-

Mer. lIoA ,,MeraQopa" 6eme 3arlt{caHo,{xysene Koure, Me-

mailopama no spe/wemo ua 1aporcn. I4sc'tedaaue 6bpry) noemLrca-

ma Ha cede,wndecetnLr BeK, Mulauo, Mypcua, 1972' BcruUoctToBa e reMara Ha Moqra AI4nJIoMHa pa6ora. Axo ne cr'M r{ec-

TeH Mora npocro Aa t rrperrlfrrra, Ho 6vt 6tttto ruryryIaBo, salrloroeABa JII'I e BT,3MO)KHO HafIHI4tT MI{ p},KOBOAI4TeJI Aa He e q}tsaJl

3a ra3l4 KHI{ra. Axo nrr I{cKaM Ia HarIItIxa xy6ana I4 opI{rI,{HaJI-

Ha pa6ora, ra3r{ KHI4ra Me flocraBq B TpyAHa cwtya\IM,3aIrIOTOHe yc[et JII{ Aa KilKa HeIIO [OBer{e I4nt{ no-pa3JII4qHO, CaMO Iqe

cbM 3ary6IdJI BpeMero cl,l. Ho aKo I4cKaM Aa HanpaBq Ao6paKoMrrr{JrarI4BHa pa6ora, Ta3ti KHI4ta e qo6pa cmpaBHa rorlKa.

flpll xenaur{e Mora Aa rpbrHa or He-fl.

PasrrexqaHara KHI4ra crpaAa or He[ocrarbKa, rle YI' Irl,TrrcBa

o6rqa 6u6nuorpalfm. 3a cMerra Ha roBa BKJIIoqBa MHoro 6e-

108 109

III. I4sgnpaaHe Ha Marepr4,urr,tre

JIe)KKI4 CJIeA Kpa-fl Ha BCtKa OT HlaBtrfre, B Ttx KHI4|I4Te He CaMOca [ocoqeHtr{, Ho qecTo ca o[rrcaHr4 v uM e AaAeHa orIeHKa.Mora ga r€BJreKa orryK fierAecerrr*azauraBvrfl., MaKap qe aBTo-pbT qecro ce nosoBaBa Ha TpyAOBe IIO MOAepHa eCTeTrrKa rd ce-MtIOTtr{Ka, KOI4TO He Ce BIII{CBaT B MOflTa TeMa, HO IIbK tIOMaraT3A VI3.flCHABAHe Ha Bpb3Kr4T€ CbC CbBpeMeHHOCTTa. B namnsc[yrail Te3r{ llocoqBa]Fjvrfl, MIvr noSBoJUrBaT Aa Ce 3aM,i/r}Ijt Bbp{yeArrH MaJrKo no-pa3JrrueH Bapfiarrr Ha MosTa TeMa, +o{ycr4paHBbpxy Bpb3Kr{Te MexAy 6apora r4 cbBpeMeHnara ecrgrr,ma. HaTOBa rqe ce cnpeM rro-AoJry.

C uergeceme 3anraBrdr noA pbKa Beqe r{MaM rrbpBoHa-rraJrHa 6ubnnorpaQrr.fl' c KoflTo Ia 3anor{Ha rbpcenvrfrTa cv, agaz6yuuun KaraJror.

Omrcnsax ce, o6aqe, u om mo3u nun. Uacrvtero Aa orKpr4flnoAo6es rpyq orpeAeJreHo 6eure qacreH cnyrafr. 3arora npo-rlegrlpax, Bce eAHo qe 6u6lroreKara He pa3noJrara c KHrrrarana Konre.

3a 4a uprgaM MeroArrrrHocr Ha pa6orara cu, us6pax nro-pl,Ifl IIbT: 3aIIOqHaX OT IIOMOIIIHWI9 T9KCTOBO 14 IO-TOTIHO OTEu4uruonedun Tpennuu.

B Heq uavra ,,Eapor" cau uo ce6e cv., alrNta,,Baporono, lr3-Kygrtso", rBHo grarT4fl, opr{errrfipaHa KbM uso6pasrmernrme us-KycrBa. Tlsgarurero e or 1930 rd roBa o6scrssa Bcr4rrKo: ToraBanpeoqeHKara na 6apora eI/IraJwrflorrle He e 3anoqHirJra. Perro<Aa norbpcfl uo4 ,,CegevrHageceru ner". Eax nprxnro r43HeHa-qan: go6rp nog6op, o6uupen r o6xearqarq Bcrr'wJr npo6lerr,olHa efloxara, BKrrorrBarrl 3anraBufl Ha rp]aoBe 6ralo na reoperr4-IIr4T€ rr rroerr{Te Hawarnancwtn1aporc,6lrlo onrocno 6apora nApyfl4 erp?Hrr (lpacuan, JIvnu, fonropa u r. H.). Mnoro cntbp-xereJrHa 6u6rmorpaQux. llorno4qaM roArrHara Ha rGAaBaHe HaroMa, rq e 7936; [orJrexqaM cbKparqeHrlero r4 orKprrBaM, qe aB-rop Ha cta. Wffa e Mapno trputl. Kareo uo-go6po orroBa B one-svrto4wmvr (a sa unoro Herrla r4 gnec). flplleuarrae o6aue, rre Ha-rrrlttr cryEeHT He 3Hae KoJrKo BeJrrlK r4 r43rbrrqeH rerrfilK e flpaq:BCe naK cbc cr4ryprrocT rrle nprreMe 3aHraBr,reTo 3a MHoro BuuKHor4 rqe perrM Aa ce B6pHe KbM Hero no-KbcHo. Ha rmpno BpeMe

110 1t1

-!

II. 6. ,,Hayuua" vrn ,,flervnrqecxa" teva

rrle Br4Ar4 6u6rurorpaQwffafi ule orKpr{e, qe ro3r4llpaq e Harrrd-can ABe r&rnrr no Bbnpoca: Cedetnuadecemu 6eKu ttaHuepwnbm6 Aranua, w 1925 w Cmyduu arpxy 6aporaau^fl, KaH4enmusbt4, at1934. CnegoBareJrno rqe cr4 Qruuapa resr{ ABe KHr4rr{. CreA rosarrle oTKpr4e HrKoJrKo llffaJwraHcror 3aHraBlfr or Kpoue Ao I'AH-KoHa, KorlTo cbrrlo Ir1e or6elexol; cbrrloro rqe croprl u c npe[-parKara rcvr T. C. Erursr, a rraKpiu rqe nonaAHe Ha [opeAr{qaor asrrrrficna rd HeMcKr{ 3ailIaBr{fl. IIle clr or6enenor Bctr{rrKr4re,

AOprLrtt Aa He rroJr3Bavyt<N/r. $r4rlr{ (rarro ule Br4Ir.{M no-gorry),Ho r4 rrle sa6orexol, ue flpaU roBopv 3a ceAeMHa,qecsM BeKnso6u1o, a roft rrpclr rpyAoBe Bbpxy r{raJrr aHcr€Ta npo6nernra-rr{Ka B rracrHocr. llonoxermero B Apyurre crpaHr{ rpa6na ga cer{Ma flpe[Brlq, KaT0 Qou, no eABa Jrr4 rpt6na Aa 3anoqBa oT TaM.

llpogunranaMe Aa rbpcr{M wz Tpexnuu uog py6purulre,,flosfl{Ka" (ravr_ naua Hrlrrro, [penpaqa Hr4 r(bM ,,Peropura",,rEcrerlrKa"u,,OllloJtofvffi")r,PetopllravBcterr,n<a".

Ctarvnra, [ocBereHa Ha peropr4Kara, e B rl3BecreH cMrd-ctn o6ruupna, r[Ma egrn a6saq, nbcneren Ha ceAeMHaAecerr{nex, rofrro crd 3acJrlDKasa Ia 6rAe nonreAHar, Ho nllK Jrr4rrc-sar 6rr6rrdorpaQcxu nocoqBaHrrr.

9actra, [ocBgreHa Ha ecrgfl4Kara, e HanrrcaHa or fylqoKa.nog2repo, Ho KaKTo e HopMiIJrHo 3a rprrAecerre roAr4Hr4, Tfl epa3nre)rqaHa r43K[roq[T€Jrno Karo Qllnoco(fcra aficll\r,rtilItwna.Brrroqen e Buro, Ho He rd npeqcraBr(reJrr4Te na 6apora. TonaMe HaBexlAa Ha MI4CbJITa, rle aKO Tbpcq rttatmalJcKyr MaTepr{a-Jrrd, rqe il4 orKprdr [o-JrecHo s obracrra Ha Jrr,rreparypHara Kprr-TUKAWTICTOpI'{'nA Ha Jrr4TepaTypaTa, oTKoJrKoTo B r4cTopr{flTa Ha

QunocoQurra (none, KaKTo rro-KbcHo rqe pas6epa, Ao ieAa-re.r-Horo Mr,rHairo). flog ,,Ecre-il4Ka" HaMr4paM uflila cepws. or 3at-IraBtrfl, Ha Knac[qecKr4 TpyAoBe no rdcTopr4r Ha ecTeTr4KaTa, Ko-tno 6uxa MotJrr{ Aa Mrd KiDKar Herqo: rorrrr{ BcldrrKr4 ca Ha HeM-cKu rr asruuficxr,r r[ ca MHoto crapr4: I{rvrepvrau, 1858,Ilhocep, 1872, Eocarrro, 1895, crreA rffx Cefrlrc6rpu, Menen-gec r flerairo,ilafrr r4 HaKpa"f, Kpoue. C ilsKrroqerue Ha Kpo-!Ie, Te3r{ TpyloBe JrrrrrcBar B KoJreKrlrrrra ua 6u6maoreKara HaA.nercaugpru. Bce nar rrlDKHo e Aa cu rt,r [perMrrra, paHo urw

J

I(bCHO Iqe Ce HaJIOIIU{ Aa I{M XBT,pJUI eAI{H rroruIeA, a I,I 6e3 TOBaotlle He e flcHo KaK rrle ce pa3Br4e TeMaTa Mr{.

MuHaearu run EuqurnoneAr{qeH peqHrdK Utet, zauloro cvtcrroMH.trM, qe B Hero lrua o6urupHld r4 ocbBpeMeHeHr,I crarvrr py6plmara ,,floeruKa", a vr Apyrr{ Herrla, Kor{ro rrle Mr4cBtlprrrar pa6ora. Ble @utocoQcrca eu4ut<tonedua Harl3AareJrcrBo,,CaHcoHtrr" orKpunaM I4HTepecHId HeIrIa noA,,MemQopa" r4nog,,EapoK". flrpnara He Mrd AaBa rroJre3Hr46ll6nuorpaQcKr4 nocoqB anrrs. v Mtr{ Ka3Ba, qe Bcr{rrKo 3arror{Bac reopr{rra sa vremQopara Ha Aplrcrorer (no-rrcuo trtre pa3-6epa xotxo BuKHo e roBa rroAcKa3BaHe). Ble BTopara crarrrfl,ca IIr{TI[paHm HflKOM 3aIJIaBr4t, KOTdTO IIIe OTKpr{t B nO-C[eqI{-a;lr,rs\rpanrr cnpaBoqHu M3qartvfl. (Kpoue, BeHrypu,,{xero,Pocll, Auvecxu, Pafiuonry[) w He rpe[ra, rre ctr{ rtr{ 3a[rdcBaMBcldrrKr4Te; Havcrrrna rro-KbcHo qe orKpr4fl, qe ryK <prrypupaeAHo Ba)<rro rd3cJreABaHe Ha Por<o MoHraHo, Koero cJreABa-rrlr4Te cnpaBoqHr{rlr4, KordTo ule [peruIeAaM, He ca [oMecTBa-II4 IIOrIT}{ Hr4KOta, 3aIIIOTO Ca nO-CTapI{.

llpu roea [oJro)KeHr,re, cMrrraM 3a rro-)MecrHo Aa ce KoH-CyJITI4paM C HJIKOe nO-CneIII4iUII{3rdpaHO I4 IrO-HOBO Vt3E Hr/re Vt

rbpcr l4cmopua Ha umaluaHcKama ,4umepamypa, cbc cbcraBr{-renrt r{erra n Caneuro, ny6nurcysaua or fapuanru.

OceeH pa3Jrr,rrHI{ rJraBrd or pa3JrlrrlHv aBTopv., nocBereHr{ Harr_oe3nflra,-Tearbpa rd r. H., orKpr{BaM rr eilHa rJraBa Ha @parr oKqov9, ,,Kptmwxa r4 reopr{rr Ha Bapora" (nergecemna crpaHu-ula). OrpaHrrqaBaM ce c roBa. flpexnrpnaM to tro ArdaroHaJra(rce nar He qera KHtr{t{, a crr c'bcraBrrta 6u6nuorpa$wa) u cwAaBaM cMerKa, qe Arrcrqc;'rffa 3arrorrBa c Taconlr (nrpxy fler-papra), [poAbJDKaBa c rlrJra cepufl aBTopr4, Kor{To o6irxaarAdouuc na Mapuuo (CrunaHr,r, Epmo, Anposr.ro, A;leaugplr,Burasu u r. n.), Mr4HaBa [pe3 TeoperT4ur4Te, Kor{To Kpoue na-prrqa ywepeuo 6aporoeu (fleperpunr,r, C<fopua flananruuuo)rd rrpe3 QyngaNrenrarrHafl. rpyA na Tesaypo, iofrrc npeAcraBrs-aa o6nrpen rpaKrar B 3arrlrrra ua 6aporonvsrc vwteterr r 6a-poKoBara ocrpora (,uoxe 6u Hafr-usKrrorrrrrerHrdflr rpyl Ha6apoxoeara Mr{c6Jr n enpouefrcrara riyJrrypa"), sanrpuna c

lII. 2. I/Iililpyase sa 6v6nvrorpaQnxra

IIPI{MEP 3A otr{[r, KOI1TO TpflEBA AA EbAE AO-TIbJIHEH. CT,CTABEH E TIA EA3ATA IIA

TIETIbJIHO IIUT'IPAHE

BC,4Co 2 //9

n"4J,//O,4/2f, €.....ta letteratara barocca, Tireneze,

, /96 /,......

lII. I4agr,rpnane Ha MarepnaJrrdre

t12 8. Kax ce nr4ue Ar.rnJroMHa pa6ora 113

I

III. Tbgrpnaue Ha Marepuarlure

KprlTr{Kara Ha KbcHI4.a ceAeMHaAeceru BeK (Opyronr, Jly6pa-Ho, EocKI4Hr, Mamasut, Eelopu tI Ap.). frwcrcycunra e [peA-craBeHa reMarrlrrrHo, He uo as6yreH peA. 3a qa nueca Id3BecreH

nopflAbK, rpa6oa Aa cI4 Hanparn Qunrone. 3a6emsax, ve Opau-ro Kpoue ce 3aHI{MaBa c pa3JltttlHtt' r<pr/nvrpt, ot Tacouu go

Opyronu. [o6pe 6v. 6wo ga ce <fr,rurupar BcIdtIKI4 6vt6truo-

rpaQcrlr [ocoqBaHl4t, Kolrro rofr npanu. Moxe [a ce oKax(e,

ue pa6ora rle HI4 cBbplxar caMo TpiaoBere Bbpxy )rl\4epeHlfrefipeucraBrmeJlll I4 Bbpxy Tesaypo, Ho rIbK BbB BbBeAeHI{ero I{ B6enexrute clr Mox(eM [a Ir3noJI3BaMe I,I Apyrtl [ocoqBaHl{rl.I/Irvnine npeABI4A, qe HerlpeMeHuo rpl6ea [a o6crAure c HafI-Hafl. cvpbKoBoAlrrer [bpBoHar{aJrHara u 6v6tuorpaQua, qorvr

BeAHbN( cre r cr6paw..Tofr6vrpn6vatro Aa e Haflcno c reMa-Ta r4 BeAHaraEaBwKarKe KaKBo Mo)Ke ga npene6peruere vKaK-no rpa6ea Aa nporlerere Ha BcflKa qeua. Aro I4Mare go6pa xap-roreKa, Mo)Ke Aa cBbplrrt{re pa6orara 3a oKoJro uac. flpr ncru-Krt cflyqaw, avfipvtHavlafl, eKcIIepr{MeHT, t4e ce ozpaHu'aa c o6-

u.lume mpydoee axpry 6apor<n u cbc cne4uallu3upaHama '4umepa-mypa 6bpry 6aporcaume asmopu.

Be.re raeaxMe KaK ce <fmnupar KHtr{rtr{, Koraro 6lr6maorpalf-cKrrrfr"t Hrr r{3TorrHr,rK e HerIbJIeH.: n ra6rurqara Ha crp. 113 crrvt

ocraBr4Jr Mrrcro ga co6crseHoro IrMe Ha aBTopa (Epnecro? Ena-urnong? Euaprcr? Envfi?) Id 3a l{Mero Ha lrcAareJrcKara KbIrIa(Cauconu? Hosa ylrarvx? Hep6tm,r?). Cleg roAldnara ocraBaMrrcro 3a Epyrrd vr]gIJlvtKalJur/t .flcno e, qe ctr{rJlaTa B ropHaTa rlacT

e go6aneua [o-KbcHo, Koraro Beqe cbM [poBepl4n n as6yrrrrrKaraJror na 6n6mroreKara B Anercarqpua (BCA r. e. fpa[cra6tt6lr'r,orexa na Alercarupun) v. cbM orKplrJl, tle KHt{rara Ha

PafrrvronAn (Eqro!!), I4Ma cl4rnarypa ,,If D 119".Tara qe flpoqeltpaM v cBcwrKvr Apyrl4 KHIlrId. B clegna-

qrlTe crpaHr{urr, Hanporr{n, IIIe rrpolleAl,{pav uo-6tpeo ) t\vrrvr-paircu aBropl4 u 3auraBvfl, 6es gpyut vrnp:r'Kawltl.

B rpatTua cMerKa AoryK cbM IlpoBepwnv Tpacnuu ws fow-,na @utocoQcrcn Eur4uruonedua (wperrlD( Aa or6erqsnaNa lpyno-Bere caMo Bbpxy IrraJII{aHcKI4re aeropu) vrcrarttr"Ia ua Opan-ro Kpove. B ra6nuqu 3 w.4 ue HaMepwre crr{cbK Ha roBa, Ko-

ero cbM cr Qurulrpa"n. (BHI'IMAHI/IE: sa BcqKa r/fir4l Kat\wfl

174115

-!I

III. 2. Vbgtrpsase ua 6lr6lnorpaQr,rara

tpr6na Aa orroBapfl aHut-Trrmr4rrHo norrbJrHeH Qrnr, c 6elr nole-Ta, KbAero Aa ce Btrr,fiue AonbJrHr,rrenua rntpopvraqrr!)

3azraeufina, nped Koumo e u3nucaHo ,,da", ca 1K"xroqeHu 6as1yuuun KamaJxoe na 1u1tuotneKnmq e Atetrcandpuq. Hawc-Tr{Ha eABa 6ax sanlpurr4Jr c nbpBara KaproreKa, r{ pa3rJreAaxKaraJrora. Tara eeqe 3HaM KaKBo Aa rrornegHa, sa aa AorrbJr-Hn 6u6rurorpapvna cw.

Karro u1e ea6elexr4re, or rpr{Aecer ,{ oceM <pltuupaHlrTpyla cbM HaMeprdJr ABaqecer r{ rrer. Tosa e troqrr{ ceAeMAe-cer [porleHra. Epoul cbM r{ rurKor{ TpyAoBe, KorlTo He cbMQuurupan (rupcefrru eAHa KHr{ra, orKprdx a\pyrrtr).

Beqe rasax, qe ce orpaHldqldx cbc 3arJIaBIdflTa, ornactfir\ace Ao 6apoxonrre aBTopr4. Tara nanprlMep [peHe6pernaxI4den wa flanoQcrr, xoiro [o-KbcHo pas6pax, qe e ne no-MaJrKo BtDKHa sa npo6levra, rofrro Me rlHTepecyna. KorarorIorJIeAHa ,,floerfiKtr{Te Ha MTaIrr aHcwrfl, Eapor" na OpamoKpove, crarr/rs, noMecreHa n c6opnrra Momenti e problemi distoria dellbstetica, u7e aa6elexa, qe B cbrqrdfl roM rrMa eAHaIpyra, Tpr{ rrr,rr4 no-o6uupna crarvfl, Ha Jlyrano ArrqecrnBbpxy floerrdKara na enponeftcrr,u 6apor. Kpoue He fl \vnrr-pa, rsfi Karo ce orpaHr,FraBa c vrarvrancKara Jrrdreparypa.Ero rar or eAHo rrocorrBaHe ce orr{Ba rrvr nsxoft TpyA, orraMcJrelBa HoBo rrocoqBaHe, HoB TpWl'r, raKa Ao 6esrpafi. 3aro-Ba, MaKap rr Ia rpbrHaxMe caMo or eAHa go6pa vrcropvnHar,ITAJLr(AHCKATa Jrr{repal'ypa, Berre cMe AocTa HalpeA.

Cera ga [oHreAHeM eAHa Ap]Ta vcropl'rrr' Ha Jrrlreparypara,Ha craprrfl, Onopa. Tofr xe e aBrop, rofr'ro ce sagur6oqasa sTeop[flra, 3arrloro ce sa6asrrea c (fparvreHTr4, Ho rrbK BbpxyTeeaypo vrMa\rra nlaBa, rrbJIHa crc sa6asHla rp,rturn, a cbrrlor4 MHOrO Apyrfi \r/nara BbB Bpb3Ka c NreTaQopuqHr{Te rexHr4Kr{Ha rrucareJrrdre or ceAeMHaAecerr4 BeK. II{o ce racae go 616-rurorpaQmra, eABa Jrr4 Mo)Ke ra ce r{cKa MHoro or o6u1 r-pyg,rofrro e rucaH s 1940 r. Wraxa, orHoBo orKpr4BaM H.r{Kor4 KJra-grrecKvLTeKcroBe. flpanr,r Mrl B[eqarJreHr{e r4Mero na EyxennoA'Opc. IIle rpr6ea Aa ro rlr4rr4pavr. flo noBog na Tesaypo, orr-p_rdBaM rdMeHara na Tpa6a-nqa, BtntaStpv, \epewi'to, Bunwana.Or,nurpavr cv.tra.

FJo\

Ta6nraqa 3

oFrIIId TPyIOBE BbPXy IdTAJrrdAHCKr4fl EAPOK I{3BMEHr4 OT TPr4 CrrpABOqHr4KA(Tpercaru, f o.nwna Qruoco$uca eru4urutonedt r Canconr,r-Ialapare,

trIanopun Ha umoJruaHcKama tumepamypa fapqaHrn)

Hauepenu B TpyAoBe rbpceHr,r B

6lr6luorerara a36yunua KaraJrorApyru rpyAose Ha cbrrlrlrr aBrop,

oTKprlTr4 B KaTZUrOra

Ia Croce, 8., Saggi sulLa letteratura italiana del seicento

Aa Nuovi saggi sulla letteraturaitaliana del seicento

Aa Croce, B., Storia delL'eta barocca in ltalia

Aa Lirici marinisti-Politicie moralisti del600

D'Ancona, A., ,,Secentismo nella poesia

cortigiana del secolo XV"Praz, M., Secentismo e ntanierisnto in InghiltenaPraz. M., Studi sul concettisnto

Aa W<ilfflin, E., Rinascimento e baroccoAAVV, Retorica e barocco

o

c0

FD

|Jo

FJo

lijffi,

Aa Getto, G., ,,La polemica sul barocco"

Anceschi, L, Del barocco

Aa _ ,;3T:fi:" del barocco rerrerario

Aa Da Bakone a Kant

\a ,,Gusto e genio nel Bartoli"

Aa Montano, R., ,,L'estetica del rinascimento e del barocco"

,qa Croce, F., ,,Critica e trattatistica del Barocco"

Aa Croce, B., ,,I trattatisti italiani del concettismo e B. Gracihn"

Aa Croce, 8., Estetica come scienza dell'espressione

e Iing,uistica generale

Aa Flora, F., Storia della lelteratura italiana

Aa Croce, F., ,,Le poetiche del barocco in Italia"

Calcatena, F., Il Panwso in rivolta

Aa ,,Il Problema del barocco"

Malzot, G., L'ingegno e il genio del seicento

Morpurgo-Tagliabue, G',,,Aristotelismo e barocco"

Jannaco, C., Il Seicento

\,o

CE

o

Ol

oE'o'+HD{

Ta6tu4a 4

TPyAOBE BbPXv I4TAJT'IAHCKTITE TIPEACTABVTTEJTI/r rIA BAPOKA, rrAMEpEHr4 BTPI{ CTIPABOqHI{KA

(Tp ercanu, r otwna iftuocoilcrca e n4uruone dun canconu-raJrapare,trIcrnopun Ha umorrra*cKama Jtumepamlpa fapqanru)

Hauepeulr s TpyAoBe, TbpceHr,{ B TpyAoBe Ha cbulr411 aBTop,6lr6rulorerara aglymvz Karajror HaMepeHr4 B KaraJrora

Biondolillo, F., ,,Meteo peregrini e il secentismo..Aa Raimondi, 8., La letteratura baroccaAa Trattatisti e narratori det 600Aa AAW, Studi e problemi di critica testuale

Marocco, C., Sforza pallav icino precursire dell, esteticaVolpe, L., Le idee estetiche del Card. Sforza pallavicinoCostanzo, M., Dallo Scaligero al euadrioCope, J., ,,The 1654 Edition of Emanuele Tesauro's

I I Cannocchiale ar istotelico"Pozzi, G.,,,Note prelusive allo stile del cannocchiale.,Bethell, S.L., ,,Gracihn, Tesauro and the Nature of Metaphysical Wit,.Mazzeo, J.A., ,,Metaphysical Poetry and the poetics of Correspondence.,

a

oA)

A)Fl(D

Fl(D

Menapace Brisca, L., ,,L'arguta e ingegnosa elocuzione"

Vasoli, C,, ,,Le imprese del Tesauro"

la - ,,L'estetica dell'umanesimo

e del rinascimento"

Bianchi. D., ,,Intorno al Cannochiale Aristotelico"Hatzfeld, H., ,,Three National Deformations of

Aristotle: Tesauro, Gracian, Boileau"

Aa ,,L'Italia, la Spagna e la

Francia nello sviluppo

del barocco letterario"

Hocke, G.R., Die Welt als Inbyrinth

Aa Hocke, G.R., Manierismus in der Literatur (uranlraucrul npenog)

Aa Schlosser Magnino, J., La letteratura artisticaUlivi, F., Galleria di scrittori d'arte

\a Il manierisnto del Tasso

Mahon, D., Stusies in 600 Art and Theory

\o

FP=@

FOto

OtOtIo€A)

'+;aEg)

f'* . 'ftt'-- I

lII. I4:gupaaue Ea MarepI4aJII4re

Cera se.re Mr,rHaBaMe r<lM c6opHwKa Momenti e problentidi stoia dellbstetica. Otxprnau ro I{ BIdxAaM, qe e Ha

r,r3AareJrcrBo ,,Map{opuflr" vt cld AorlbnBavr Qnura (Kpoue 6eHa[rlcaJr caMo: Munano).

Tyr orr<punaM crarr,rrra na Qpanro Kpove Bbpxy,,floe-Tr{Kara Ha Jrr{Teparypnrx 6apor B l/[Tarrvrfl", aHarorurrHa Ha

BCIIE BI,IA'IHATA, C I{3KJIIOqEHI4E HA TOBA, qE E IO-PAHHA 'I

C''l--

orBerHo 6ll6rurorpalf vrtTa e no-HenbJlHa. Ho nlr rpaKToBKa-Ta e no-Teoperr,{qHa, a MeH ToBa Me yJlecHflBa. OcseH roraTyK TeMara He e orpaH[qeHa Ao 6apoxowrre aBropl,r, a ce or-Hacff Ao Jrrrreparypara ero6qe. Hanpur'aep orAeJIeHo e Msc-ro sa fa6pueno Kua6pepa. llo ro3l4 noBog orHoBo cpeqaMr4Mero ua,[xonaHn,[xe'ro, Koero Berle cu 6qx or6erssar.

B roua na Mapuoparr{, 3aeAHo c'bc crrrwffa ua Kpoue, e

rroMecreHa vr. cry4tlrta (no.rrr xHura) Ha An {ecKJ,I, ,,lloertr{Kaua enponefrcKl{fl Jll4Teparypeu Eapor". Pas6pax, rle roBa e MHo-ro cbrrlesrBeHo rd3creABaHe, garrloro He caMo ulr crsgara Sr-nocoQcra paMKa Ha cxBarrlaHwffa3a 6apora, Ho MI.{ fioMara Aapae6epa KaKBr{ ca r{3MepeH\rnTa:era upo6.reua n eeponefrcraraKyJrryrpa, sVlcnawv4 AHrmm, OpaHqrax r fepvranm. OrHoeoHaMr{paM r{MeHa, 3a Korrro 3ararBa Mapro llpaq r Apyrll, orEerirun Ao Jlrnu wqo Ctr4sll lpacnaH, forropa, Onnrq, reo-prdr4Te sa co<fucruqvrpamara rdrpoBocr. Moxe reMara MI,I Aa He

B3r{Ma npegBrfl enponefrcxux 6apo4 Ho re3r4 HeIrIa Moxe AacJrpKar raro (fon. flpr eclrvxr cnfraft rpr6ea Aa IdMaM IrbJrHa

6u6rurorpaQr4r Bbpxy BcrdrrKo roea. Or reKcra sa Anqecxr,r cuna6asqrd oKoJro ABecra r{ flergecer 3aruraBr4fl. Haunpau clrrlcbKHa KHr4flrre go 1946, cneg Hero pa3AeJreHa Ha roAr.IHId 6u6ruor-paDvr cn'46 [o'58. B rrrpnara tlacr BIoKAaM, rle ce norBbpx(-Aaea crofiHocrra Ha r{3cJregBaHrlrra ua fl2rero lr XarqQelg, uarova Pemopur<n u Ealnx (or ryr< pas6lrpau, qe HeroB cbcraBld-rer e Enpraro Kacreru), AoKaro reKsrbr Me flpetrpau{a KbMTpyAoBsr€ na Bron(fnlrlt, Kpoue (Eeneqero), A'Opc.Brs ero-pvfl,HaMJ4paM ryrJr Kyrr 3anraBr{fl, He Bcr4lrKr{ oT KoI,rTo rlol'bpcl{xn as6yqsry KaraJror, garrloro Ka3il0\4e, qe Harxr4rr eKcrrepr(-MeHT rle ce orpaHr4ru,t c rpvr cnego6eAa. flpu ncrurca cJryqarB3r4MaM nOA BHr{MaHI{e r43CreABaHWffA HA lrflKor{ q}4{{[egrpaH-

120 r21

j

llI. 2. Wgupnalre Ha 6n6nuorpaQr,rara

,l

IHr4 aBTOpI{, I,I3CJIeABaJII{ npo6lreua oT pa3JIIdtlHX HIeAHI4 TOqKI4,

rexHr{Te rpyAoBe u1e rpn6ra HenpeMeHHo Aa norbpct: ToBa ca

Kypur,ryc, Velex, Xaysep, Tanlae; flperpalllar Me KbM Peuecauc

u Eapox Ha EyDKeHllo Eatuctl,t, orHoBo rIo[aAaM ua Xor, ot-HOcHo Bpb3KI4Te c TearpiMHaTa IIOeTI4Ka, HaMI{paM IIOTBT'p)K[0-

HMe sa BilKHocrra Ha Mopnypro-Tanra6ye u pas6upaM, rre

rpa6na Aa [oHIeAHa r pa6orata ua,{ela Bolue Bbpxy pene-

caHcoBwre KoMeHTapI4 Ha apI{cTOreJIoBaTa [oerl4Ka.Toea rpa6na Aa Me y6egu Aa noHIeAHa (ornono B roMa Ha

Mapuopanr, rofiro MI4 e rIoA ptxa) v cryawfia na r{esape Ba-3oirr4 Bbpxy ecrerl4Kara Ha xyMaHI{3Ma tI Ha penecanca. Tonar4Me Beqe cpeu{Hax n 6u6nuorpaQuna na (Dpanro Kpoue. Or

.lr4caHoro -a rtaeraifopara B eHIII4KJTOneAI4I{Te pas6pax, 'renpo6leurt ce cvrrgpas lToernuKn w Pemopurcn na Apl'rcrorel:or Basonld pas6upau, qe [pe3 lrrecrHanecerla BeK e IdMaJIo IraJIa

aplrirlu KoMelrraropvlaa lloetnttKn una Punopurca; Ho He caMo

TOBa, aMtr{ ga6erqgsalvl, qe Me)Iqy rax u 6aporoBl4Te aBTopI{ ce

HaMr{paT TeopeTI{III4Te Ha MaHt{epI{3Ma, re Beqe ce 3aHI4MaBar

c npo6neua sa co(fuctltuHocrra r 3arl1eflT4 xoirro seqe ga6e-

JUr3aX, qe l43[ryBa Ha rloBbpxHocTfa oT e[Ba npexBbpreHl4Te

crpaHurlrd, rrocBereHt{ Ha 6apora. MexgyBpeNaenno tpa6na ga

Mr{ HarrpaBld BlerrarreH[e npu6arnaHero Ao cxoAHIl \\ffa'rll w

Ao r{MeHa raro Illrocep.IAua JIII orlacHocr AI{ruIoMI{ara uu pa6ora Aa craHe rBbp-

ge o6urupna? He, rpocro e Hyrt<uo [o6pe Aa orpaulltla o6xsa-Ta Ha ocHoBHIdt pa3ruIelqaH Bbrlpoc v Aa pa1orfl caMo Bbp-xy olpeAeJleH acrIeKT, B nporl{BeH cnyraft 6ll tpr6nano [a I{3-qera BcrrtlKo, Ho fIbK ne 6lasa Id Aa I43[ycKaM or oulr o6quxQou, rara qe Iqe ce HaJIo)KI4 Aa rlpofla I{ MHoro or re3l,r reK-croBe, aKo He 3a Apyro, To IroHe 3a Aa ce c\o6us c Marepua-Jrr4 or nropa pfra.

O6urupnulr reKcr Ha An.Iecr[ Me HaBexAa Ha MI{cbJITa

Ia rrorireAHa r4 Apyrr4re My rpyAoBe no Bbrlpoca. II{e cr tfu-rrrrdpaM Om Eefrtct'u do Kanm, Ilpedcmaaa sa Bapoxa, egnacrarns. Bbpxy ,Bryc v re:awit na Eapronu". B A.nercanapnflIrIe orKpl4fl caMO IOCJIeAHOTO OT Te3I{ 3afJlaBt{fl I{ KHt{raTa

Om Eertrcu do Kaum.

-I

III. I4sgupnaHe Ha Marepr4aJrr4re

flpu rona [oJro)KeHr,re ce KoHcyJrrrrpaM c rr3cJreABaHero HaPoro Moutano,,PeHecaHcoBa r 6aporona ecrertr{Ka((, s roN,I XIHa fomna QwocoQu<n Aumotoeus Mop4opamu, [ocBsreH HaQutocoQo<nma lnucbJx npes Peuecauca u PeQop,ua4utrma.

BegHara pa:6uparvr, qe He craBa Bbrrpoc caMo 3a r43cJreqBa-He, a 3a aHToIOrr{q, BKJIIOtIBaIqa MHO|O tIACa)Ktr[, nOJre3Hr4 3aMoflra pa6ora. Oqe neqmx ce y6exqanaM KoJrKo recHr{ caBpb3Kr4re MelE4y peHecancoBr4Te rrccJregoBareJrr4 ua fToemut<n,MaHrreprlcrrdre u 6aporonzre aBToprd. Haurpau r{ rrogoBaBaHeHa aHToJrorlu Jlarepua, B ABa rotvta, Teopemut4u Ha u3tEcrn6o-mo twetrdy Mauuepusua u KoumpapeQopun4unma. fioxaroT'bpcfl. ToBa 3aruraBr4e B KaTUIJrOra, HaMr{paM orrle eAHa aHToro-nrn, ny6nvt<ynana or rcgareJrcrBo ,,JIar€pUa", Tparnamu no,noemuKn u pemopuKn om cedetwuadecemu eetc. He 3HaM AaJrrlIrIe Mrr rpr6nar MareprlaJrr{ or rrbpBa pbKa no Bbrrpoca, Ho 3alo-cr4rypHo ctt QuutupaM KHrrrara. Beve snau, qe cb[IecrByBa.

Bprqafrru ce r(bM Mormaso r{ HeroBara 6v6tuorpaSva,MI{ Ce HaJrara Aa peKoHcTpyr4paM KagrT{HaTa, 3arrloTo TaM trH-Ar4Karlrlrrre BbpBrr ilraBa rro ilraBa. Orrpunavr orHoBo MHoroBeqe flo3uaru rrMeHa, pas6rpau, qe qe rpx6ea Aa norbpcq Hr-Kor{ KJracrdrrecKr4 TpygoBe rro egrerr{Ka, Karo Eocamro, Cefrnc-6rpu, .{xnn6tpr u KyH. OrrpuBaM, qe sa Aa Haf{a rroBeqKoza vcnalacro',tn 6apor rpt6na Aa orKpr{r orpoMHara Historin desideas esteticas enEspafta na Mapveruno Menen4ec u flelafro.

3a scexu ctryaail cn or6erqsBaM rdMeHara Ha KoMeHTaro-pr4Te Ha lloemuxn or firecrHaAecerr{ ner (Po6oprelo, Kac-TeJrBerpo, Cralllrep, Cenu, KasamaHrrd, Magxc4, Bapxr,Beropr, Cneponu, MrHrypno, fll,t olouunu, fixwpatav9uuquo r t.n.). flo-rrcuo qe BrrAfl, r{e HflKord or rrx ca tro-MecreHr{ B aHToJrorr4{ra na MonraHo, Apyrr4 B Tagv. ua [en-ra Bolue, Tperrl B aHToJrorrlsra Ha Jlarepua.

llpenpaterr cbM KbM MaHr4epr43Ma. flosoeaeaHero HaItldes ua llano<pcru Bce noBeqe ula ce na6usa Ha orrrd. Orso-no Mopnypro-Tana6ye. 3annrsaN,r ce Aarv ue rpr6na Aa Hay-qa Her.rlo noBeqe 3a l..r.anrr'epvtcrrnre Cepnuo, ,[o.lnre, ,{syrapu,Jlovaqo, Baeapll, Ho nbK c roBa ce HaBJrrr3a B rloJlero Hanso6pasnreJrHr{Te rrcKycrBa rr apxr4TeKTypara lt Moxe 6v cru-

IIL 2. Izlsgr,rpeane ua 6lt6lnorpaQlrnta

rar rurKoJIKo l4cropl,{qecKl{ reKcra rato Brontflrn, llanoQc-ru, Illlocep vnv rtairsoBl fl - Ha Earucrn' He ltora 4a upe-

He6perua vyxgempanlrlil aBropl4 Karo Ct{[Hu, Illexcul'tp,Cepnanrec:-Hauupavr \t rvrpanv. Karo ocHoBHI4 rpyAoBe reou na Kyp-quyc, Ill;iocep, Xaysep, Kamatepa, ,[xero, Aru,e,cru, flputlVnwrlu, Mapuo, Pafruonglr. Kplrrr ce 3arBapt. Hqrold IaN'Ie-

HA CA WITl[paHI4 OT BCI'trIKtI.

3a ua ci [oeMa Abx, ce BpbIrIaM rsu as6yrnl{t Kara;Ior:

BT,I)KAaM, rre I43Becfirara KHI4ra Bbpxy enpouefrcrata Jlr{Tepary-

pa na Kypruyc fl ttMa, nln lfpeucru [peBo4, a He Ha HeMcKI4;

Beqe Bllr.flxMe, qe IlMa w LettViatura artistica (Die Kunstliteratur)Ha Illnocep. ,{oraro rbpct Co4ua-tua uctnopun Ha Lt:ilEcmsomo

na Apnonl Xayeep (ruo6onrnro e, qe fr,.ffivra r br6runorerara,a e r{3AaAeHa IiDKe u e Ax(o6eH Qop*ut), orKpI{BaM npeBoA Ha

lfyuavreuralInvIe. My rpyA Bbpxy MaHtIepI'I3Ma' a cblrlo v l4den

na llanoifcrul.Harwrpav floemurcnma Ha utecvnHadecemu BeK or,[elna

Bolue, Cederuuadecemu 6eK 6 Kpumut@ma na CawtarDKeJro,

c"Iarwffa,,PeuecaHc, apl4crorenl43bM Id 6apor" na,[sonra.r{pes ullero na Xenvryr XatUQeq orKpr,rBaM eAI4H IIeHeH

c6opnlrr, Cmu'rucmu,aHa KpumuKn u lumepamypen 1aporc, [ox'nuar ru II MexaynapoAeH KoHlpec no IrraJlr{aHrcrura, Ono-peHIII4fl, 1957. OctaeaM pa3oqapoBaH or illlncara Ha eAI4H Tpyr

or Kapulcre ,[xauaro, roirro ld3lJlex(Aarue BiDKeH, Ha roMa

Cedeiuadecernu eeK o'r Jlumepamypuama ucmopufl Ha Balap-

Ar{, KHI4rIITe Ha llpaq, Id3cJIeABaHtIflTa na Pyce u'Taul,te, neue

uocorreHrdr Pemopirca u Eaporc gbc crarrtflTa na Moprrypro-Ta-ra6ye, Ha rpl2oBere na Eyxeru,ro g'Opc, ua Meuerqec r flela-fro. ?a:6ltp:a ce, qe 6r6lltorerara na Alexcarupus' He e Konr-pecHara 6n6,nuorera sts Baul,rHrroH, Ho nbK Beqe cI{ oct{ry-pro( rpI4AeCeT

'I neT BilKHrt3atraBl'{fl', a ToBa He e MaJIKO 3a Ha-

qaro. Hu'ro rrbK Helrlara [pldKrloqBar AorylifloH-flrora e AocrarbqeH eAI{H-eA[HcrBeH TeKcr, 3a Aa or-

raAHe uflIra ceprrfl npo6nevrn. flpogrrman aircv Aa rpernex-gavr as6y+u4.n KaraJlor, pe[raBaM Aa xBbprq eAIIH troHIeA

(cneg raro fl vwa vI Mr ce crPYBa, qe e or ocHoBHo suauenue)

{l

r22 r23

III. I4rgupnane Ha Marepl,Iarll4re

Ha ,,floreMuKara Bbp)ry Eapoxa" Ha ,qx(ero, ,{xoraur, c6.

Ifimatuauoca tumepanxypc - KoMeHTapIdu, ToM L, Munano,Mapqopaur, 1956. Begnara paa6rlpau, qe ra3r{ cryAl{t orrroarrr{ cro crpaHI4III,I ltMa orpoMHo 3HarreHlde 3a MeH. flpuuu-Hara e, qe B Hefl e o[I{caHa [oJIeMIdKara Bbpxy 6apoxa or ce-

AeMHaAecerrl BeK Ao AHec. Pae6upau, qe Bbpxy 6apora ca

ArdcKyrllpaJr v BcrfrrKrr. - lpanrua, Myparopu, Tupa6ocrl4 Ba -

ruuelu, Bapeur, A^n<f uepr, r{esapoua, Kaury, [xro6eprr,,{eCanrcuc, Mangeonu, Maqunr,r, Jleouapgu, Kapayln I( TaKa

go Kypry,Io Malanapre I4 Ao aBropllre, Kotr{To seqe cil or6e-r.fi3ax. Or uose.Iero aBTopIl ,{xero IIt4TI{pa AbJIfl4 rlactDKtr{,

TaKa qe MIr ce w3fl,cnflBar Helrlara. Aro ule [I4IIra AI4nnoMHa-ra cr pa6ora Bbpxy rlcroplrqecKara npo6leMarr{Ka ntpxy 6a-

poKa, rqe tp.a6ea Aa npoqera BcvqK\/t re3l4 aBTopu. Ho aropa6orr Bbpxy Il3BopI4Te UJIII Btpxy cbBpeMeHHaravru KpI{TI{-

Ka, TOraBa nurou HrIMa Aa v3wcKBa oT MeH TaKbB orpoMeHrpyu (rofiro ocBeH BcIdrIKo Beqe e Ha[paBeH r{ To orJrr{qHo:

ocBeH aKo He pelxa Aa nvuJa AI4[noMHa pa6ora c BIlcoKa Ha-

yrHa crofinocr, Kotro Aa Mt{ orHeMe HJIKoJIKo roAI{HI{, 3a [aAoKaN€ n rpafrHa cMerKa, qe I{3creABaHero ua,{xero e ne-nbJrHo trrvr*e go6pe opI4eHTI4paHo; no o6urHoBeHo noAo6surpyAoBe r4cKar no-6orar onur). Tara pa6otara I{a Axero qeMI4 nocJlytKld, 3a Aa tIMaM IOcTaTbqHa AOKyMeHTaIIIiIt BbpxyBCI4IIKO OHOBA, KOETO HqMA AA BJII43A B PAMKI4TE HA OCHOBHI4'

pa3rJrexAaH B TeMara uu npo6neM, Ho He Mo)I(e Aa JII4rIcBa

raro o6rq !fou. TpyaoBe Karo ro3l{ nopaxAar HyrrAara or or-Aerrur Qnurone. II{e cu HarpaBt <}nur sa Myparopu, Apyt 3a

Veeaporu r^ T. H., or6ersssafrKvr crt 3aHIaBI4ero, B Koero ca

HanpaBr,{Jrr{ oIIeHKIdre cI{ Bbpxy 6apora I4 BbB BceKI/L <}uur rqecrd rrpenld[Ia [pepa3Kasa, <ofrto [paBtI ,{xero, c Irl4rarl4re(pas6upa ce, ule cil 3arrItlrra, qe MarepldaJlbr e B3er or crynk-flTa Ha,{xero). Aro nocle ro TIoJBBaM B AIlrIJIoMHara cll pa-

6ora, mft Karo IrIe craBa Bbnpoc 3a MarepI{aJII{ or BropapbKa, rqe rpn6na BilHatlr.Aa ot6ergssavr s 6enexra ,,utr{T.' rro

,[xero, r4 T. H.": ToBa rqe HanpaBfl He caMo sa Aa 6lAa qec-

TeH, HO Id npeAIIa3nIrIB,IJ9N/.a Aa CbM npOBepI{JI qI{TaTa IITAKAHrMa Aa 6rga er,rHoseH, aKo I4Ma npeI,{HarIaBaHr/IA; orKpoBeHo

t24 tz5

IlI. 2. l/Itgvrpsase ua 6u6luorparlrrm

rrle 3arBfl, se cbM ce [oJr3BaJr oT TpyAa Ha Apyf yr{eH, a HJrMa

Aa ce npaBr, rre caM cbM HaMepr{.Bcr,rrrKo. Taxa rqe 6rAac[oKoeH. Paz6vpa ce, Koraro qoBeK ce AoBep.rrBa Ha [peAr4lrr-Ho I43cJreABaHe or rosrr rrr[, nafr-go6pe e [a npoBeprd B opl,{-fr(HaJrr4Te BcJ$tKI[ t\uTaTrI, KorrTO B3I4Ma Ha3aeM, HO Aa Ha-tIoMHtr{M, qe TyK I43XOXqaMe OT Xr{rroTe3aTa, tle pa3IIOJIaraMec MairKo BpeMe.

Eglrucrrenoro, Koero He Mora Aa cr,r no3BoJrfl, e Ia npene6-perHa opr{rr4HanHrfre TeKcToBe, Bbpxy Kor4To rqe cr4 nr4lxa Ar{n-JIoMHara pa6ora. Tpa6ra Aa nolbpcq 6aporonrre aBropr4, 3a-Ir{oN, KaKTo Ka3ilc\4e s III.2.2., gruaovtram pa6ora rpa6raAa BKJIIotTBa r4 Marepr{aJr or rrbpBa prra. He Mora Aa roBopfl 3a

6aporowrre aBToprd, 6es Aa pa6ora c oprdrrrHanHr,me r4M TeKc-rose. Mora Aa He qera MaHr4epr{crr4Te - reopeurrdr4 Ha uso6pa-3I4TeIHI4Te I{3KyCTBa, yt- AA Ce AOBepfl Ha Kpr{Tr4rrHr4Te r8cnenBa-HI{t Bbpxy Trx, 3aqoro Te He ca B r{eHTbpa Ha Moero rd3cJreABa-

He, He vrora o6aqe ga npene6perHa Tesaypo.Ttfr rato crd AaBaM cMerKa, ue rpn6na Aa flporrera Pemo-

pure rr floemut<n Ha AprcroreJr, rrorJrex(AaM rro[ ,,Apucro-Ter". I4gneHaAaH cbM, qe orKprlBaM qenu 15 crapr r 3qanvfl.ua Pemopuxn, Mexly 1,51.5 v, 1837, c KoMeHTap na EpuonaoEap6apo, rpeBoA na Bepnapgo Cenu, c napa(fpasara Ha

Arepec r ua fluroJroMrdHrd; ocBeH ToBa aHrurr4ftcroro usga-sue Loeb c yclopeAno BbpB.rrq rpbrlKr{ reKcr. Jllrncea vrrarrv-AHCKOTO I/I3'AAHVIE HA I{3AATEJICTBO ,,IIATEPUA". KONTOTO TOIToemtu<a, orHoBo HaMr4paM pa3JrruHrr r,r34anvrr, c KoMer{Tapna Kacrenserpo rr Po6oprcnu, auffrufrcroro rr3AaHue Loeb crpbllKrrq reKcr v aBa MogepHrl npeBoAa na Pocranu u Bat-mcdMuJrr{. Crura Mr{, Aopr{ Mr{ e B noBeqe, Aa>Ke Mrr l,rp,Ba \aHarrl,rrrra paOorara cI{ Bbpxy peHecaHcoBrrre KoMeHTapr{ HaIfoemura. Ho la He ce orKJroHrBaMe.

Trfr raro or pa3Jrr4rrHrdre rrocoqBaHr4t cu 6nr. gatcMerKa, qe

3a IIeJrr{Te na pa6orara Mrd ca r{DKHrd rr'HAKou na6nroAeH/q HaMumt:qvn, Myparoplr, Oparacropo, rrorbpcro( u{ r4 orKpr{x, qee 6rr6ruorcKara r4Ma crapvvsprauyrfl Id Ha re3rr aBToprl.

Ho ga Mr4HeM rrvr 6aporoBrdre aBToprd. flpegr Bcr4rrKo

pa3noiraraM c aHToJroudnra Teopemu4u u pa3Kilt6aqu om ce-

-

III. IzfugupoaHe Ha Marepl{aJlnre

deuuadecemu 6eK HA EqUO PafirraoHAl4 Cbc cro crpaHI4III4 orApucmometoe darcKa e lted, :nteitcer crpaHI{I{I{ or fleperpuunr,r tuefrcer or CQopua llalaBltquno. Aro BMecro Aa TII4IIIa

Ar4rrJIoMHa pa6ora flpocro ce yflpil{<ur{Bax B:bpxy rpl{Aecerl4-

Ha crpaHI4II[ sa Htrofi trsrrr r) Irleue Aa MI4 e rloBeqe or Aoc-TATbTIHO.

Aa o6aqe I{cKaM I4 IIeJTI{Te reKcroBe Id Me)Kry rtx [oue:Evrauyere Tesaypo, Apuonomettoe d aterco eted ; Hlrrona fle-perpr{Hr4, 3a npouu4atnetHoctnma v l4seoputne Ha uHmeleK-

ma- ceedeuu do usrqtcmao; KapgnHan C(fopua flalaelruruo,3a do6pomo w Tpat<mam 3a cmuJxa u dtta'toza'

PasrlrcrsaNl crapvfl as6ylen KaraJlor r{ HaMI4paM_ ABe Id3-

aauvfl.ua,[ater<oetZd, etno or 1670 I4 eAHo or 1685. Hawcrv-Ha )€JIKo, rre JIr{tIcBa nbpBoro Mg$aHrre or 1654, oule rloBeqe,qC HflKbAE qETOX, I{E TO3I4 TPYA HAPACTBA OT EAHO I43AAHI{E HA

Apyro. Halvlupatl ABe I43AaHIdt or AeBernallecerld BeK Ha

Ci6panu cbtlutreHLlfl Ha CQopua flanaellqrHo. He_ HaMupaM

fleperpltru (rona cr e 6ega, ycrloKotBa Me caMo Qarrtr, ue

r,{MaM aHToJIorIlt or oceMAecer crpaHI4IIu y Pafrvronqll).Eax navtepl{Jl TyK-TaM I43 Kpwrl4Kara cJIeAI{ ot Arocruno

Macr<apAu u or Heroert rpyy3iucntopwrccKamo uaqtcmao (De

arte istorica), or t636, eAI4H Tplg c MHoro na6ruoAeutrq Bbp)ry

rr3KycrBoro, roirto o6aqe He e cpeA BT,pxoBere na 6apoxoearaJrr4reparypar ryK, B A^nercaugpl,tfl,,vIMailer lls4anr{t, rpl{ or,ce-

[eMHaAecerld u ABe or oceMHaAecerl{ eer. ,{a;rlr ne e no-go6pe

Aa nr4rrra Bbpxy Macrapgu? Karo cu rIoMIlcJIr{ qoBeK, ToBa He

e JIoII Bbrlpoc. B rpafrna cMerKa, aKo qoBeK Ire Moxe Aa rrbry-na, rpa6na Aa ce 3aAoBoJII{ c roBa, Koero I{Ma_[oA pbKa.

Bbrurnx eAIIH rlpenoAaBareJl no <funocotfl{s ctIoAeJII{, qe

e HarrllcaJl KHI{ta Bbp)ry eAIIH HeMcKu iflrnocoip caMo 3alrloror4HCTrdTyTbT My 3aKylI{JI IIflJIOTO HOBO I43AaHvIe Ha HeroBIdTe

cr6panu cbqldHeHl{t. B nporunen cnfrafr u1flr Aa t{3cJreABa

Apyr aBTop. Toea He e KpacI4B npl4Mep 3a HafIHo npI43BaHI'Ie'

Ho Bbprulr pa6ora.Cera seqe Aa ce orneAaMe I{ Aa BIUIIM [oKbAe cMe crur-

nann. Kareo flpaBt as e Arercangpur? Clcrasltx cu 6w6-

nuorpa<|un, Ko.aro BKIIIoqBa noHe rpl4cra 3arJlaBldfl' 3arfirc-

III. 2. Wzry,rynatre sa 6wlrmorpaQuara

safrxv. ct4 Bcrr.rr<M r[H4vIKar\w\t, Kotr{To cbM orKpldr. Or rcgtlrprrcra e 6ra6rraoreKara Ha Arercangpvn $wrypvryat rpufrce-runa, 6es ga 6pouvr r4gBopr{Te, I43Me)KAy KoI4To pa3rloJlaraM crroHe ABa aBTopa, Kor{To Mora Aa I43cJIeABaM, Tesaypo l,t

CQopua llanasr4.rr4rro. Tosa He e Jror[o sa MaJIbK rIpoBIrHIII,{-aneH rIeHTbp. ,[ocramqHo JII4 vrr[. e 3a AldnnoMHara pa6ora?

Hera 6rAe qcHo. AKo roBopI,IM sa AIlnJIoMHa pa6ora, ro-qro Aa Harrr{[ra 3a rpl4 Meceqa, nonggafrr[ Id3llflno MarepI4aJIor BTopa pbKa, Iqe MI4 crrrrHe. KHlttute, KoI{To He cbM HaMe-prdJr rr{e 6sAar r\mrrrpanr B Te3tr{, Kor{To cr,M orKprJr. Axo cl.t

cBbprrra go6pe pa6orara, Ir1e ce fioJrfu I{3JIox(eHI4e, Koerord3Abp)ira Ha Kpr4rr4Ka. Hsrvla Aa e opI4rI{HaJIHo, Ho IrIe e Ko-peKrHo. Ho npo6neMr{re IrIe AoftAat c 6u6nuorpa<}uam. AroBKJIIOqa B Het CaMO TOBa, KOeTO HAI'4CTTIHA CbM qeJI, MOraT AaMr{ Kax(ar, qe cbM npeue6pernar rurofi QyngauenraneHTeKcr. Karso Mo)Ke Aa craue, aro 6rxpllpaM, Beqe BI4nsxMe.

flon€ eAHo Herrlo 3HaM cbc c[rypHocr: rre [pe3 rlbpBI{reTpr4 Meceqa Ir1e Mora ga pa6otr, 6es [a I43JIrd3aM or rpaAqe-To, flpeKapsaiaxu rd3Becrlro BpeMe s 6la6rr{oreKara, a Id B3I4-

tvlo,ftxvt KHrlrr{ 3a B KbIrIId. Tpr6ea [a I{MaM rIpeABI4[, qe cra-pr4 KHr{rr4 r4 eHrIr4KJrOleArdqHr{ va.E.alJvrfl HqMa Aa MII AaAaT3a B Kbrrlrd, Hrdro crllrcaHuflTa (Ho ntr Mora Aa cr Qororo-rrr4paM crarvm. e). Ho gpyrlr KHtIrr{ qe MI{ AaAar. Ar<o yc-nefl Aa rroAroTBr nbTyBalre 3a HSKoJIKo AHI{ I,[HTeH3I4BHa pa-6ora Ao 6rgrvs. yurdBepcI4TercKld Ilenmp, To or cerITeMB-prr Ao AeKeMBpI4 Mora clloKofruo Aa cn pa6ora ryK, rlper-reNAaftru Kyn reKcrose. OcneH BcilqKo Mora Aa I43qera IIe-nr,ra Tesaypo r{ rleJrr4rr CQopua. Aopu e y[aqHo Aa ce 3arl4-TaM AaJrr{ Aa He Hacoqa IIflJIoro cI{ BHI4MaHI4e KbM eAIdH OT

ABaMara aBTopI{, paborefrxr c opl4rldHaJrrrre vr ilsnorseafr-rw.6vt6:nttorpaQcrur MarepI4aJI raro Qon. Pas6lrpa ce, ulerpa6ra Aa orrpeAeJls KoI4 ca KHt{rI4Te, 6es rouro He Mora AaMvHa v Aa orr4ga Aa rld rtorbpcq n Topuno unlr feuya. CManKo KbcMfl rrle orKprlfl Bctr{trKo, Koero MI4 e Hy)KHo. Ela-roAapeHr{e Ha roBa, rle reMara MI4 e Bbpxy AoMaIrrHr{ I43Bo-

pr,f r{ nr{TepaTypa, He MI{ ce HaJrara [a rIbTyBaM HarIpI,IMepgo llapnx unu OrcQopl.

dtz6

r27

III. I4e6upaaue Ha Marepl4allt{re

Bce nar roBa ca rPYlnr 3a ffieMalre pelxeHl{t. Hall-tunA-po e [a noceTt HaTIHI{' CId pbKoBoAvTeIr \t Aa My rIoKilKacr6pauara 6ubrltorpaQws.Toir. ule Me rocbBerBa KaK Aa or-paHr4qa rloJreTo Ha I43CJIeABAH9 VI qe MoN(e \a Mv Kax(e KoI{

KHr4u{ HenpeMeHHo rpn6na Aa rIoJI3BaM. Axo re JIIlncBar B

A;lercangpldq, Mora Aa rtlaTaM 6u6mloteraps, Aalrrl He Moxe

Aa Mr4 tlr. vsnrrlrre or Apyra 6u6rutotexa. 3a egun AeH B yHId-

Bepct{TercKara 6v6nuoreKa Mox(e Aa orKpl4r MHoro Knr[ttrv.crarrrrl, KoIlTo Aa IUIMaM BpeMe Aa nporlera. II{o ce Kacae rocrurvrr re,6u6nlrorerata na AlercawP:,lir' MoN(a Aa rIoI{cKa

Qororonua. Hqxos BilI(Ha crarvrfr or gnaftceu4Ha crpaHIlIII{HtMa Aa Mr{ I43JIe3e HI4KaK CKbrIO.

Ha reopur, Mora Aa B3eMa I,I Apyro perxeHl'Ie. B Anercan-

Aprdf pa3noJraraM c reKcroBere Ha ABaMa OCHOBHI{ aBTOpId Id

AocralbrrHo KpllT[qecKa Jlldreparypa. ,[ocramuna, za ga 6t-gar pae6panl{ Te3I{ ABaMa aBTopI,I, Ho HeAocral'bqHa, 3a Aa ce

KDKe Heilro HoBo B ldcropl4orpaQcxu vtttw Quloloruuecrun.nan (uone Aa IlMaue fibpBoro Il3AaHIde na Tesaypo, ToraBa

MorKex Aa HanpaBfl cpaBHeHI4e Mexqy Tprtt43aa}lert oT ceAeM-

Harecerlr ner). {a [pelnoJlox<uM, qe HlKoil vre nocrBerBa

Aa He B3eMaM noBerle oT qeTI4pI{-rIeT KHI{rI4, B KO'{TO Ce [po-KapBar cbBpeMeHHu reopvtv sa vrera(fopary: ry 6ux,upeno-pr.ran Tpydoee no o6u4a ruHeluonuxa na.flrco1cou, O6u4a pe-inopur<n-na fpynata p ot Jluex v Memouunun u tnemaQopana-A,n6tpr XeHpu. Vlprau KoMrloHeHrvffe, sa 4a na6elexaeAHa crpyKrypaJll{crKa reopl4fl na rtreraQopara. Bcil'IKI{ Te3I{

KHr4rrd ce HaMldpar n npogax6a tr{, B3eru 3aeAHo, He ca HI{KaK

cKbnr4, a ocBeH BcI,ItrKO Apyro ca ld npeBeAeHI4.

llpn rona rIoJIox(eHIde 6rx vrorul Aa cpaBnt MoAepHtITe

Teopr{rl c 6aporonr,rre. flpr reMa or rofl Tt{[,;c reKcroBere Ira

Apimoten, Teaaypo u rpuiacerwHa tI3cJIeABaHua nrpxy Tesa-ypo I4 c TpI4Te KHI,Ilt{ OT enoxaTa noI pbKa, Iqe t{MaM Bb3-

Mox(Hocrra Aa HarII4Iua I{HTeJII4reIrrHa AI{nJIoMna pa6ora,BKJrroqBaIrIa eJIeMeHTI{ Ha opIdrI{HaJIHocr, 6ee npeteHprr 3a

QrlororruecKl{ orKpttrwa (uo IrbK c npereHIII4I4 3a roquocr'qo ce Kacae Ao [ocoqBanvIflTa, orHacflIrll{ ce go 6apoxa). I4Bcr4rrKo roea, 6e3 [a ce Mecrt ot Anercangp[t, c I{3KJIIoqe-

r28

-

Ill. 2. }Itgtrpvane sa 6lr6alrorpalpr,rara

Hr4e Ha eAr{H AeH, npeKapaH n Topnno MIrr B fenya, B rbpce-He rra ABe-TpId ocHoBHI{ 3arJIaBtIt, JII,IncBaIqI{ n A;rercangpur.

Bce nar BcrdqKo roBa ca caMo fipe[noJloxreHl4t. Moxe Aa ceoiaxe, qe oqapoBan or cobctseHoro cld I{3cJreABaHe, IdcKaM AaflocBerr ua 6apora He eAHa, a IIeJII4 TpI4 roAI{HId, KoI4To Ia Me

BKapar B 3aeMrr ,llttffbKAa c[eqeJrr crtntreu4vIs., sa ga pa6ora,Karco HaMept sa go6pe I{ T. H. r r. H. He o.raKBafire ra3ld KHI4-

taAaBrr, K&Ke KaKBo Aa BKrIoqilTe B AI{rIJIoMHara cld pa6ora,HWIO KaK Aa OprderrTr{pare xoIBoTa cI4.

Tona, xoero vrcKaxAa,qoKDKa (wtvltcln, ue ro gorasax), er4e ,44orce da sanorneme om HflKofl npo^LtH4ualtua 6u6'tuome-xn, 6es da suaeme Huu4o uJIu nottmu Huulo no dadeuama mawe,a cted mpu ctedo1eda, npet<apaHu B Hefl, da uname 6 ztaaamacu docma scuu udeu. C gpyrld A1vll..aivr, He Mo>I(e ua ce Kaxe ,,a3)wrBe . B IIpoBI4HIIIdgTa, He pa3noJlaraM c KIIl4ll[, He 3HaM oT-KbAe Aa 3arroqHa w:rruxoit He MId [oMara".

Paz6vtpa ce, rpn6ea BHI,IMaTeJIHo qa lrs6epere reMara.,[a npequoJro]o4M, \Ie cbM r{cKaJI Aa [IrIIra AIdnnoMHa pa6o-ra Bbpxy BepoflrHr{re cBeroBe y Kpunre v.Xwsrvra.flpo-Bepux r{ ToBa Id MI4 orHe cbBceM MaJIKo BpeMe. fltpnltmlperJleA Ha cllcreMarrrqnrrfl. KaraJlor (nog ,,Jlorlrxa") Irall

[oKa3a, .re 6ubrraoreKara pa3rloJlara c rloHe nernaAecerl4-Ha MHoro I{3BecrHId K:r'\ltlr., orHacflIrlff ce Ao $opvrannaraJrorr4Ka (Tapcru, Jlyraurenuu, HffKoJIKo yre6unxa, Id3cJIeA-

Banwr na Ka:apu, ButreHrqafrn, Crpoycur n r.n.). Pas6l,l-pa ce, He orKpr4x Hr4rrlo MoAepHo IIo MoAaJIHa JIOrr{Ka, Ma-Tepmalr rro To3r4 B:bnpoc ce HaMI4paT rIpeII4 BcI4qKO B CrIe-

W[allvl3vpa}lr4Te ctlu9AHtlfl., C KOIITO He pa3[oJlaraT AOpIiI Hfl-xom 6v6lvroreKr{ Ha r[Hcrvffyrl4 rlo Qnnocolfux.

Hapouno ce cnpflx Ha reMa, Ko.flro nurofr ne 6vt us6paltraK B rrocJreAHara roA[Ha, 6es Aa 3Hae HI{Iqo no Het v 6ez AaIdMa B KbIrII4 ocrIoBHI{Te reKcroBe. He xagsaN,r, qe e reMa 3a

6orarr cryAeHrr4. llosnasaN,I eAI{H cryAenl roftro He 6eue6orar, a ce Ar4nnoMr,rpa c reMa Br,pxy nogo6Ha npo6leuarr-Ka, laau\[pafirur nogcroH B peJluu4o3n[ npI{rcTI{, Koraro rrb-r)tsarrre n ryrrynafixr,r crr Bb3MoNHo naft-vralxo gar.rrast{.f,. HoBce rraK 6e uonex, xofrro rrocBerlr IItJIoro cI4 BpeMe Ha v3-

9 Kax ce rrr4rre AnrrrroMHa pa6ora I29

III. I4s,qupeaHe Ha Marepr4arrr4re

cJreABaHero, MaKap vr >KepTBairwr Herrlo, Ho 6e3 Aa e [puHy-AeH Aa pa6orr. H.fitura reMtr{, Kordro or caMo ce6e a[. Aa ca 3a6orarr cryleHrr{. ,{opu ga lrs6epere [Iponeuu 6 Matotamanoda a Axnnynro 6 metteHue Ha nem eoduHu, Bce rqe HaMepr{-re lfongaqlrr, roroBa ga Qrnancupa r{3cJregBaHero su. Pas-6vpa ce, r{Ma Ar{rrJroMHu pa6orlt, Kor4To He Mox<e Aa Halurue-Te, aKo QlrHanconoro BId cbcroqHr4e e HardcrllHa re)KKo.Tluenno 3aroBa ryK ce rrocrapax Aa noKaxe KaK Mo)r(e Aa ceHarrrdrue Aocrofiso Ar{ruroMHa pa6ora, aKo He rso6ulo 6espa3xoA[, To ttoHe 6es xofr 3nae KoJrKo roJreMr{.

IlL 2. 5. Tpadea au ce vemam Krruzume trI e rcarcre ped

lnanata Bbpxy pa6orara e 6rd6ruroreKa r4 rrprrMepbr Hau3cJreABaHe ab ovo, rofrro [peAcraBr4x Mox(e Aa Hr[, HaBeAe HaMtr{cbJrra, qe nr4caHero Ha ArdnJrovrna pa6ora o3naqaBa [pe4r4BcIdtIKo cr6rpane Ha MHoro Knvtv..

Ho slrpra eAHa ArdnJrovtra pa6ora ce [paBrd BilHail[,rd caMoc KHrdrrr r{ or KHrrtr4? Beqe pas6paxvre, qe rdMa r4 eKcfieprl-MeHTaJrHrr ArrrrJroMHrr pa6oru, B Kormo ce perrdcrprdpar r{3-cJreABaHrdf Ha MrrcTo, HanprdMep KoraTo B npoAT,iDKeHr{e HaMeceqrf ce na6rrogaBa noBeAeHrlero Ha Arofrra MrrrrrKrd B Jra-6vpvyr.3a raxrs rr{[ Ar,rrrJroutru pa6oru He ce rryBcrBaMcnoco6en Aa AaBaM cbBerrt, 3arrloro ttpld r.rrx MeroAbr gaBr a[.OT I,I3yr{aBaHaTa AI4CIII(IJItr{Ha, a KOIaTO Ce 3aXBaHeIII C TaKbBTtIIr Id3cJreABaHvs, Beqe x<rdBeenr n la6oparopvrfr, r{ cr{ B KoH-TaKT C Apyru [3CJreAOBaTeJrtr{, TaKa qe rurMarrr H}.DKna oT Ta3r4KHI4ra. Eguncmeuoro HeIrIo, Koero 3HaM, KaKTo Beqe Kagax,e, qe 14 upl,r noqo6Hrd Ar4nJroMnu pa6oru eKcnepr4MeHTbrcJreIBa Aa ce BKJrrorr[ B eAHa At4.cKycvfl c [peABapuTeJrHo [po-rrereHa HafrHa Jrrdreparypa. Taxa qe r.t npr Tesvr cilyqaw vruaKaKBO Aa Ce [paBr{ C KHr{tr,rTe.

Crqoro 6u crasalo r4 c Ar{rrJroMnrre pa6orr rro coqr{oJro-tt/[s., 3a rII{eTo peaJI}I3I4paHe KaHAI4IaTbT IIpeKapBa MHOrO Bpe-Me B KoHTaxr c qeficrermeJrHrl rBlreHrfit. Ho la s rffr4 cJr] rar4

rcfr qe r{Ma rr}Dr{Aa or Kr{r{rr{, aKo He 3a Apyro, To rroHe Aa pa3-6epe rax ca 6vnu Il3BbprrrRalruAp]cli'/' uoAo6nr,r r{3cJreABaHr4r.

130

IlI. 2. l(tgnpsase sa 6n6nuorpa![uata

Izlrraa grurounr pa60rr, Kor4To ce lpaBflT rrpff pasrr{cr-BaHe Ha BecTHr4rIr4 r,{Jrr4 [apJraMeHTapHr{ cTeHorpaMr4, Ho tr{ Te

T.ISACKBAT CbOTBeTHa Jrr4TepaTypHa CrrpaBKa.I/Luaxpan, r{Ma Ar,rlJroMnu pa6oru, Kor4ro ce [paBfiT caMo

Karo ce roBoprd 3a KHrlrrr. Tarurea ca [o-c[erlr4aJrHo ArdlJroM-nlrre pa6oud rro Jrr4reparypa, (fltnoco(fua, ucT opufl. Ha HayKa-Ta, KaHoHrrqHo rrpaBo u (fopuanna Jrorr4Ka. A s HaIrrrre yHrr-Bepcr{Terr4, oco6eno B xyr!{aur4TapHr{Te Qarynreru, Te ca MHo-sr4HcrBo. Axo eruan aMeprlKaHcKrr cryleHT rro KyJrrypHa aH-TporroJrou4r r4Ma noA pbKa MecTHuTe r[HAI4.aHtIw Mrra IIbK Ha-Meprd rrapr{ 3a rr3cJreABaHe e KoHro, oburuorenrrre rttarilam-cKrd cryqeHTr^ c rrpvllrqer'r Ea ce 3aHrdMaBar c pa6ora nrp-xy MrdcJreHero Ha ,{erapr. Mvta, pae6upa ce, go6pu Ar4rrJroM-um pa6orv rro eruoJrorrffr, Kor4To rrcfraBar gefrcrnurerHocrraB Hallrara crpaHa. Ho Aaxe I4 B Te3I{ cJrytlal{ pa6omta s 6\{6-JrrdoreKara Bmnarr[. e neo6xogrMa, aKo He ga Apyro, rroHe 3a

Aa ce HaMeprr rro-paHrur Qonx.noptrcrrlrrnvt npofrBaHrlfl .

Brs eceKra cJrfrar( Ta3rr KHrrra r{Ma npeIBr4I naft-ne.re ro-JltrMoro MHo3rrHcrBo or Ar{rrJrouura pa6orrd, HarrpaBeHld rloKITT/IIII Id C

'I3TIOJI3BAHETO I43KJIIOqT{TEJIIIO HA KHI{N{.

Brn epmra c roBa rpa6na qa or6erexnu, ve o6r,trcronenoeAHa Ar4rrJrouna pa6ora rro KHrdrrd ce rcrpaxga Bbpxy ABa BrrlaKHI{rU: Te3t{, 3a KOIfIO Ce rOBOpt{ VlKHvIIvne C qUAmO aO/UOU1 Ce

eo6opu. C gpyu{ EyMrt, r{Ma reKcrone o6errr, HapeA c Jrrrrepa-

rypa, Korro KoMerrfl{pa re3rd reKcrone. B npr,ruepa or [peA-rrrecrBarrlr4r naparpa(f rrMarrre KaKTo reKcroBe or reoperrrlrrrr€na 6apora, TaKaureKcroBe Bbpxy 6aporonrre tparram. Cne-AoBareJrHo rpx6na Aa [paBrdM pa3Jrr,rKa MeXAy reKcroBere.

Bupocnr, roirro ce [ocraBs e cJreAHrl.rrr: rpa6na Jrr,r BeAHa-ra Aa ce 3a[o3HaeM c reKcroBere o6ernr w:lr'fipe4vrroBa Aa ceMrdHe rrpes KoMeurapr4[Te Bbpxy rsx? Toglt Bbrrpoc ce o6es-cMr{cJUr no ABe [prdrrr4Hr{: (a) sauloro perrrenr{ero 3aBrrcrd ornolroroBKara Ha cryAerrra, roftro Moxe neue go6pe Aa [o3Ha-Ba cBofl aBTop vurrltrbK Ilpr4cTblBa 3a rrpbB rrbT r(bM eAr4H MHo-ro rpyleH aBrop, xoirro Ha rrpbB rronreA e nepas6upaevr; (6)Kpbrlr caM lro ce6e cn e flopoqeH,3arrloro, 6es upegnaprrer-HO 3arIO3HaBaHe C KOMeITTapHI4T€ TeKCTOBe, OCHOBHTIflT TeKCT

I'

I

I

/

131

IIL l4sglrpnaue Ha Marept4aJtr{re

MOX(e Aa ce oKilJKe Hepa36r4paeM, HO rrbK 6ff no3HaBaHeTo HaTeKCTa e TplaHo Aa ce [peqeHr4 crofi'HocTTa Ha KOMeHrApa.

Bce nar Bbrrpocbr r4Ma cBor,rre pa3yr\,{Hr,r ocHoBaHrdr, Koraroe 3aAaAeH sr HeopuerrTr{paH crygelrr, aKo r4cKaTe oT Harm{fl )or_rroTeTr reH cy6err, rofrTo ce c6JrbcKBa 3a nbpBr4 rrsr c 6apoxo-Br{Te rpaKTarr. Tofr Moxe Aa Ht4 3anr{ra ganr rpr6na reqHaraAa npoqere Tesaypo, tttr vafi-sanpeA Aa ce souolHae c,[xero,Auuecru, Paftvrorur v r. H.

Crpyea Mtr{ ce, qe cMr4cJreHr,{Jrr orroBop e cJreAHr{rr: Aa ceycBosr BerHara ABa-Tpr{ KoMeHTapHrr r€Kcra, r6Me}r(Ay nafi_o6_IrIrrT9, rrpocTo 3a Aa cv cb3[aAeM ]UrKaKBa [peAcraBa 3a MaTe-pwfrta, cpeA Korro ce ABTDKT4M; CJreA TOBa Ia Ce 3ano3r{aeM Ar{_peroHo c oprdrr4HaJrr{r4r aBTop, Na:s.refrK{ ce qa pas6epeM KaKBoKa3Ba; CJreA roBa Aa rrporrr4M Kpr4Tr{Kara v HaKpafl Aa ce Bbp_HeM r(bM rrpo) rBaHe Ha aBTOpa B cBeTJrr4HaTa Ha HOBOrrpr{Ao_6rrurerrpeqcraBr4 3a sero. Ho roBa e eAr4H TBbpAe reoperr.rqeHcbBer. B geficrnrreJrHocr BceKrd yqr clopeA cBor prdrbM, a r{He e r€3auo, ue n 6eepas6opnoro ,,rleHe', e npegno. Moxe gace ABTDKT4M r,{ B 3r4r-3ar, Karo peAyBaue o6errrre. Cnra egnarbcra Mpexm or 6elexnr, uafi-qo6pe nog Qopvrara na Quuro-Be, Aa .cr{HTe3r4pa pesyJrTaTa oT Te3r4 r4r{reJrer{ryanHr{,,rrprrKJrro_.renwfl". EcrecrgeHo BcIfrIKo 3aBr/rcv, I4 or flcr,txoJlorldqecKaraHar.[aca Ha I4SCJIeIOBaTeJI'. wMA ,,MOHOXpOMHtr{,. yI ,,rro_JIro(poMHr4'( cy6enrr. llrpurre pa6ormgo6pe carrao aKo sa[o.r-Bar r4 3aBbprrrBar eAHa pabora cJreA Apyra. Te ne rurorar Aa qe_rar, clyuafiKr,r MyBrlKa, HervrorarIa nperucnar eAr{H poMaH,3aAa qerar Apyr, 3arrloro ry6ar Hnuxara r4 He Morar Aa orroBa-pqr Ha Bblpocr4, AoKaro ce 6prcHar rrlru rpyrwrrpar.

[pyrrre ca rbKMo o6parHoro. Te pi6orai go6pe carraoaKo ABroKar HrKoJrKo Herrla eAHoBpeMeHHo. Axo ce [ocBerqrcaMo Ha egna pa6ora, pyxBar rroA HarrdcKa Ha cr.yKara. llrp-BrlTe ca [o-MeroAtqntr{, Ho qecro vrv. trvflcBa nto6paxenre.Bropure ,BrJrexAar [o-TBopqecKr4 Jrr{trHocur, Ho qecro caMbpJurqr{ rd Helocroflnnu. Aro o6aqe npoyqr{Te 6worpafuwt_Te Ha BeJIr4Ktr{Te, IIIe BtIIrrTe qe e I{MaJIO tI MOHO_ I4 IIO-JII4XpOMHI,I JI I{qHOCTH.

132 133

W. PAEOTIJVIflT TIJIAH I{ KAPTOTEKI{PAHETO

IV. 1. Crlrpx€Hrrero Karo ruraH sa pa6ora

EAso or rrbpBwre Herqa, Korrro rpa6na Aa HanpaBr,rre, 3a Aa3anoqHere pa6orara cu rro r€Mara e Aa Hanrfirrere 3ailraBrdgro,BbBeAeHI{eTO 14 gbAbpX(aH'teTO - TOTIHO Te3I4 Helqa, KOI4TO BCe-

Kr4 aBrop npaBr4 HaKpar. Tosa seyw{ Haff-uaru<oto crpaHHo -Aa 3a[oqHevr or xpaa? Ho rofr Br{ e Ka3aJr, qe cbAbp)€Hr4erorpn6ra Aa e Ha Kpaq? B Hqro[ KHrdrr{ ce HaMr{pa B HaqaJroro,TaKa qe qrrrareJrrr BeAHara ga pas6epe KaKBo My rrpeAcrold Aanpor{ere. C Apyru Xyw, Aa cbcraBme cbAbpxaurdero o3Haqa-Ba Aa o[peAeJMTe pycJroTo Ha cBoflra TeMa.

Moxe Aa Bmpa3r4re, qe B flpoueca na pa6ora tr1e HacrbnBarnpoMeHI{ B cb[bp'I€Hr{eTo, KoeTO HaKpaJI Mox(e Aa npI,IAO6Ide

cbBceM pasnr,rqeH srlg. Tosa e raKa. Ho rmr qe [pecrpyrcyp[-pare pa6orara cu uo-Ao6pe, aKo r,rMare orlpaBHa rorrKa.

flpegcranere cv,qe rpr6na Aa nponbryBare c KoJra wrlrflAaKrlJroMerpa. Ml'rLare Ha pa3[oJro)KeHr{e eAHa ceAMr{\a. VI Ea cneBbB BaKaHrIVfi, eEBA.rM rqe TpbrHere HarGAeTo Br{ [onaAHe.II{e clr cbcraBr{Te HrrKaKbB o6ul nmx. Moxe Ea Bvr ce [pl4ldc-Ka Aa nponbryBare MarrrcrpaJrara Mlrnano - Heano4 Karo ceor6rere arn Oropeuqwa,Cueua, Apeqo,3a MzurKo no-Abnro BPlru, rarro 14 Aa floceflme Morrreracrno. Aro nrr, rrsryaafr-Kr,r, [pecMerHere, qe Cuesa Br4 e orHeJra rroBeqe BpeMe orrrpeABrrgeHoro vutm'ue ocBeH Cuena crr 3acJrflKaBa Aa rrocgmrew Can,[xuvrrmno, Mo)Ke Aa eJrrlMrdHr4par€ [oceqeH],rero B

Morrreracuuo. flpumlrrua;ur n Apeqo, Mox(e Aa Brr ce [pr{Idc-Ka Aa npoAbJDKrrre nbryBaHero Ha r{3ToK r4 Aa [ocer]rre Vp6u-uo, flepypt<a, Actttsrt, fy6no. Eto rar cre rtpoMeHI,IIIM cBoflnJraH Ha cpeA rrbrfl. Ho gre npoMeHr{Jrr{ To3rt [JraH, gafi\c,to onezo u./yt(Mu, He Mox(e Aa IIpoMeHI4Te Helqo, tcoemo zo e HntaMo.

Ta rara r{ c Barxara ArrruroMHa pa6ora. Crcrasere crd ruraHsa pa6ora. Tofi ue nprgo6lre Br4A Ha ycJroBno cb[6p)KaHrde.Axo nm I(bM Hero npu6anrre r{ KparbK npepa3Ka3 Ha BcrKa

I

IV, Pa6orsusr nJrau r4 KaproreKnpauero

rJraBa, rqe 6bAe orqe ro-Ao6pe. I4MeHHo no ro3r{ HaqMH Mox(e

EACl'irrlgflClg.r,rre Bbnpoca KaKBo r4cKaTe Aa npaBr{Te. ocseH TOsa

MOr(e Aa rrpeAcTaBr{Te rrJraHa Ha cBor HayqeH pbKoBoAr4TeJI.

IIle pas6epere EaJr Beqe olpeAeJreHrir lr.ry'ev. ca ce ustrcurl.ilvlBcb3Hantlero sw. W{a [JIaHoBe, KoI{To r43rJlexAar noBerle orflcHtr{, HO CaMO AOKaTO He nOMr4CJrr4Te [O-[bJrrO Bbpxy rflX.Moxe Ia r{Mare flcnr4vreil cnKbAe Aa rpbrHere rr KbAe Aa crl4r-HeTe, HO Aa He 3HaeTe KaKBO rrle r4Ma Me)r(Ay HaqilrroTo l[Kpal..,{rnrolwuara pa6ora e Karo rdrpa Ha urax. C ra3rr pa3rrlKa, qe

orrle or HaqaJroro rpr6ea Aa cre HturcHo cBcwtKI xoAoBe, r{Ha-qe rrjrMare rrraHc Aa crr4fHere [o Kpajr.

Pa6orsusr rrJraH BKJrroqBa saz/ra6uemo, ctduptrcaHuemo m

ataedeuuemo. EAno go6pe 3anraBr4e e rrJraH caMo no ce6e cvr.

He ronopa 3a 3aruraBr{ero, Koero ga.rlBrBare B ceKperaprrara,To rlorlTrd Btr:eraftt e roJrKoBa o6qo, qe [o3Borqna 6esxpal'iuuBApVA\tlll; rOBOpt 3a ,,rafrHOTO" 3arIaBlde, T. e. 3a TOBa, KOe-

To rro-r(bcHo ce [orBrBa Karo noA3anraBr{e..[unlovrnara pa-6ora uoxe Aa e o3amaseuaAmeumambm cpeUy Totuamu uompauceHuemo uy e paduomo, a rroA3arJraBr4ero ir: Auarus uameudeu4unma da ce npedcma*fl Kamo eodeuqa HonuHa no6eda-ma Ha fltruuo Eapmatu Ha ryp dw @pauc c 4er omz/ruqaHeua oduqecmleHomo nHulnaHue om edtm notumuaecxu npo6-ae"u.F'to rar e rpafrna cMerKa cre orpaHrurdJrfi cBorra reMa,Hoceqa rBbpAe o6uto 3arJraBr{e. OopvynupoBKara Ha noA-3arJraBr,rero e r{ Herrlo Karo Bbfipoc: 6utn Jrrd e ,Gnoir3BaHano6eAara ua,[xrtHo Eaprarun 3a orBJrr4qaue na o6ulecrBeHo-To BurdMarrr4e or areHTara cpeqy Tonuaru? Tona vroxe rur gace pae6epe or aHaJrrsa Ha cbgbpx(aHr{ero Ha HoBrrHr4Te? EroKaK [oA3arJraBrlero (npenlpnano ce BbB nrnpoc), ce lrpeBpb-IrIa B ocHoBHa qacr or pa6ornra uan.

Begnara cJreA Karo cbM crl flocraBrdJr ro3r{ Bbrlpoc, rpa6-Ba Aa cr{ o[peAeJrt a erarilr^ ua pa6orara, BceKI or Kol,rro qeorroBapr Ha eAHa HraBa or cbAbpNeHr4ero. Hanprvrep:

1. Jlureparypa no Bbrrpoca

2. Cr6urvero3, Hosr,lHrare flo pa[iloro

134135

IV. 1. Ctgr,px@Hr4ero Karo nJraH Ha pa6orara

4. KorilqecrseH aHaJrr{3 Ha HoBr4Hr4Te 14 pa3noJro)KeHr{ero r,{M no qacoBe

5. AHarr.rg Ha cbAbpxaur4ero Ha HoBnHrrre

6,3axrp,{eurae

Moxe Aa rrocrpor{Te pa6orara vrraKa

1. Cr6uruero: cr4HTe3 Ha pa3rr.riru[Te u3Toqur4rlr4 na lluQopvaqua2. PagvouostttHr4Te or areuTara go no6egara na Eapranlr3. Pagrouonr,rnrrre B rpr4re AHrl cJre.q no6egata ua Eapranr,r4. Kor[qecrseuo cpaBueur4e

5. Cpaauureleu auaJrr{3 Ha cbgr,pxeHr4ero6. CoquarHo-trorr4Tr4qecKa oqegKa

)Kerarelno e cbAbpxaHrrero Aa e MHoro no-aHaJrr{Tr{qHo.3arona Mo)I(e Ea af ro HaflI{[rere Ha eAI{H roJItM ll/lcrrTaKaqe HelpeKbcHaTo Aa cre B cbcrorHr4e Aa BHacrTe no[paBKr4rr Aa ro AorrbJrBaTe.

lpyr navun Aa crd cbcraBr4re cbAbp)r(auyre e qpes crpyKry-paTa Trln ,,KOpOHa Ua glpno":

l. Onucasue na ct6urrero

2. paguoronr ,rr"..{ or areHrara [o Eapranu

\ or Eaprall.r Hacerue

Tosn uerog Br,r [o3BoJrrBa Aa BHacrre pa3rurqHu go6anrurKr,M rrbpBonaqaruyrs, Bapr4aHT. B xpafrna cMerKa [peABapr4-reJrHoro cbAbp)KaHr4e Mox(e Aa r{Ma cJreAHaTa cTpyrcypa:

1. llocrassHe ua npo6leva2. Ilpeprutuure u3creilBa*rtfl,

3. Haruara )s4nore3a

4. Marepuanvre, Kor4To MoxeM [a [peAcraBr{M5. Ananrg Ha Marepr4aJrr,rre

6. ,{oraseaHe Ha xr4flore3ara7. 3arurcqesue 14 3ararBaHr4fl 3a HacoKara Ha cJre[Barqrrrl TpyA

I

Tperata qacr or rIJIaHa He e HIlIrIo APYro, ocBeH anaJfitrtr-qeH KOMeHTap Ha cbAbp)KaHt{ero, ,,c To3I4 rPYA ttre cI^ noc-raBtMe 3a IIeJI Aa [oKilKeM xI{rlore3ara X. flpeguurHldre I{3-

cJreABaHI{fl ocraBldxa Hepa3pelfieul{ MHolo upo6leuu, a r[ vs'BecrHldre HId Marepldailv ca HeAocrarbrtru. B rJIaBa IrbpBa

ule ce onI{TaMe Aa orlpeAeJll,ru V, a BbB BTopa qe pa3ilIeAa-

vre upo6reua Z. B saKJIIoqeHIde Iqe ce o[IlTaMe Aa AoKilKeMToBa I{ oHoBa. Hexa ce IdMa npeABIlI, rle cMe IrocraBtIJIId

crpr{KTHr4 fpaHI4III4 Ha HaIUgro I43cJIeEBaHe, T. e. Te3I4 I4 Te3I{'

B iexnure iar'mr qe cJreABaMe cJIeAHIlt Metog...ll t. H."

Cr'rrcurlt or roBa <|uru,reno BbBeAeHI,Ie (<flrrrurno, 3alqo-

To rqe ro rrrdllrere HaHoBo MHoroKparHo) e, ue BId no3BonaBa Aa

npr{AaAere ocHoBHara HacoKa ua pa6orara cI'I, KoflTo He Mo)I(e-

re qa npene6pernere, 6es [a npoMeHI4Te cbAbpx€Hl{sro. TaraMO)Ke Aa Kolrrponvpare BaIII[Te OrKJIOHeHI4.' vr r[NrryJtcr BHt[.

yeficralls. OcseH BcIdtIKo Iqe rroKa>Kgre Ha Hayrntrfl' cln pbKo-

BoAI[ren KaKBo ucKame da npaeume. Cryxr tr{ 3a roBa' rofr lapas6epe AaJIId Beqe I,IMare scuu udeu no Bbllpoca. Clo6pa:xr-naftre ce c roBa, qe AoKaro B cpeAHoro )^{I4JII4IrIe r{eHr{Icbr e

flpr{HyAeH Aa trI,uIIe, nafi-vralroro B rracoBere rlo poAeH e3I4K

(pasmrunr AoMaruHu, KoI{rpoJIHId, KJIacHt{ r np. pa6oru), rorrocJre B yrrl4Bepcl4reTa MtIHaBaT qeTI{pId, neT, [opu IIIecr roAld-

nu, 6ee Aa e 6vl [pmr]rAeH Aa rll4rrre HIlIrIo' B vrovrerna, Kora-

To 3arroqHere Aa nl4rrrere AI{rIJIoMHara cu pa6om cllrypHo Iqe

r43rrwrare ceplro3eH urox. 3arosa rpr6ea [a 3alorrHere Aa

fir{rrere BeAHara cJIeA KaT0 cM v3rpilr4Te luKot orHoclflenHo3aBbprueHa xllfloresa na pa6oraral.

BnuMaeafrre, 3aIIIoro He cre JIII B cbcroqHl'{e Aa cI{ cbc-TaBI4Te CbAbpx€HI{e v \a HalI4IIreTe BbBeAeHIde, 3HarII4 He

cre cI4rypHI4, qe roBa laarrcruna e Ballrara reMa' He uoxe-lP-"rrr""" at- Bbflposbr B HsKot4 qyxAecrpaHHl4 yHtrBepcl{Teril' B Cteau-HeHr4Te UIaTn Hanpr{Mep cTyAeHTbT HenpeK'bcHaTo nulxe, Aopl4 ll I43III4TI4Te Myca B nncMeHa <fopva, r. Hap. papers, Heulo Karo cry^rttt, I4JII'I nbK loA 99p-Mara Ha nucMeHr{ TecroBe or Iecer-ABatcer crpaHuu[4 3a BceKI4 Kypc. roBa eMHOrO nO-[paKTLtqHa cllcreMa, AaBauIa Bl3Mo)KHocr 3a HarpynBaHe Ha on,lT3a nncMeHorl3pa3ttBaHe, orKoJlKoro Bb3[pI'terara y Hac ycrHa Qoprtaa ua-t'ts-ru.rrBaHe, Korro ueJlu flpoBepKa ell{HcrBeHo Ha 3HaHrltra Ha cryAeHTa. - oeJI.

ABT.Crrqilqr npo6nev crox I4 trpeg 6urapcrltre crygeHTtl - 6en. peg.

IV. Pa6mnusr IUIaH u KaproreKupaHero IV, 1. Cr,qrpxaur4ero Karo rrJrau Ha pa6orara

Te iII{ Aa HafiI,IIIrere BbBeAeHI4ero, 3Hat{I{ He 3Haere orKbAeAa 3aflorrHere. Aro rrbK r4Mare rlAefl KaK Aa 3anoqHere, Toe, 3arrloro npegnonarare KbAe rrle crt{ruete. I4uenno na6asara Ha roBa rrpeArroiroxenre rpa6na Aa cn Ha[IdIIIereBbBeAeHrreTo, Bce eAHo qe e perleH3r{.rr Ha Beqe HanI4caHTpyA. He ce crpaxyBailre, ue orrdBare MHoro Aareq. Buna-rr{ qe r4Ma BpeMe Aa ce BbpHeTe Ha3aA.

Be.re eta e rcHo, 'ae auaedeuuemo v cuduptrauuemo ule zunuuleme Havolo u HaHolo c 6ceKu no-sa1eltutcuru uanpedutc apadomama eu. Tara ce flpaBlr. Oron.{ateruoro cbAbp)IraHrer4 BbBeAenrre Ir1e 6rgar pa3ruqHr4 or [bpBoHarlanH[re. Tosae HopMaJrHo. B nporuuen cryraft 6l,t rsrqsro, qe or IlffJrorotI3CJreABaHe B rJraBaTa BI{ He Ce e [OtBtIJIa Hr4To eAHa HoBav\es. AaKo e Har4cr\tnaraKa, To He rqe IdMa HI4KaKBa noJl3aor pa6orara nr.

Karso c[JIIrrIaBa oKoHqareJlHr{fl BaprraHT Ha BbBeAeHr{eroor flbpBoHaqamtws.? flpocumr Qarr, ue B lrero u1e o6eqanareMnoro [o-MarKo rd rrle cre MHoro no-Bnl{Maremru. L{enra naBbBeAeHr{eTo B HeroBr4r oKorrqaTeJreH Bapr4alrf e Aa noArloMor-He qr4TaTeJUr Aa HaBJre3e B TeMaTtIKara Ha AI4TIJIOMHaTa BId pa-6ora: rolevrr npo6lerrn ule rdMare, aro o6eqaere Heuro, Koe-To Bcb[IHocr JrrrrcBa B Tpyga nu. Ifeina na go6poro BbBeIeHtIee qurarerrr Aa ce 3aAoBoJrtrr c Hero, ga pas6epe BcI4tIKo v xa Heqere Harar6r. I4srrexAa crpaHHo, Ho qecro go6puxr trpeAro-BOp Ha AaleHa KHr{ra noAcKa3Ba rrpaBuJrHI4Te vl.ev Ha peIIeH-3eFrftt rr ro Kapa Aa roBoprd 3a KHr[aTa TaKa, KaKT0 e I{cKz}JI aB-

Topbr. Ho axo HafrHrrflr BtI pbKoBogttrTelrvilr.nsxoft Apyr [po-qere Au[noMHara nu pa6ora u pas6epe, qe cr€ ct{ nocraBIdJIIIrleJrr4, Kor4To He cre rBrrbJIHIdJIId? Ero salqo nueqenneto rpr6-ea Aa 6rAe HallrdcaHo BHrdMareJrHo rd B Hefo Aa IMIITe roBa, Ko-ero Har{cTr4Ha Iqe ce AoKiuKe B xoAa Ha r43JroxeHl{ero.

Bmegenuero cJrylKr{ 14 Aa oflpeAeJune Koe IrIe 3aeMa 4eHm-pann v xoe nepuilepuo Mrlcro B AI,InJIoMHara nr pa6ora. Tosapa3EeJIeHIde e MHOIO BDKHo t{ !o He caMo IIOpaAI/L tlpl4lil'tllt'l gtMerogoJrorrdrrHo ecrecrBo. Or sac Iqe ce IBtIcKBa Aa 6rgereMnoro no-o6crrrrteJlcrBeHld B ToBa, Koero cre o6ssultld raroocHoBeH pa3rJrexAaH npo6;rervr BbB Ballrara pa6ora, a MHoro

136 t37

_l

IV. Pa6oflrr,rsr flJrar{ r{ KaproreKr4pauero

no-MaJrKo rqe ce oqaKBa oT o[peAeJreHoro KaTo [epr4(DepHo.Axo e Ar{ruroMHa pa6ora Bbp)ry [aprr{3aHcKara BoftHa e MoH-Qeparo nocoqr,rre Karo ocHoBeH pa3urexqaH Bbrrpoc \eflcrts:'r-flTaHa 6agorrancrrme <fopvraqrar, qe Br4 6rgar npocreHrd Hfl-KoI4 HeroqHocrr4 orHocHo rapu6arqlrfrcKr4Te orprAr{, Ho orHoc-Ho re3r4 na OpaHxr u Maypu roqHocma nn qe.rpa6na qa e a6-coJrrorHa. 14 o6parno, pas6upa ce.

3a ga onpegerrrre Bbpxy KaKBo rqe <porycupare Barrrara pa-6ora, rpr6ea Aa rdMare rd3BecrHa rrpeAcraBa 3a MareprlaJra, cxofiro qe pa6orrre. Eto 3arrlo ,,TafrHoro" 3aruraBwe, $vrcrms-Horo BbBeAeHue v cbAbpxeHrdero-mraH sa pa6ora ca usueucdynbpaume Heula, Kor{To rpa6ea Aa cBbprrrrlTe, Ho He vrnbplomo.

llrpeo uana 6v6tl,rorpaQcroro rpofrBaHe (nrgnxue eIlIi 2. 4., qe Mox(e Aa ce HarrpaBr{ 3a no-MaJrKo or cegMrlqa rd

ro B eArdH MaJrbK rpaA). fia cn npr{rroMHr4M eKc[epr4MeHTa cAnercaHgprdr: cJreA rpvr \Hrr' pa6ora ule cre B cbcrosH[e Aacr4 cbcraBrdre go6pa KaproreKa.

Kaxna Jrorr4Ka Aa cJreABare flpx cbcraBrnero Ha nJrar{a-cb-glpxanre? Sasvcv. orreMara. flpu guulovrna pa6ora [o uc-Topllr Mo)Ke Aa ce daswpare Ha xpoHororusra (nanpruep:Ilpec,tedeauunma Ha aatdeil4ume e ltlmatua) wv ga cu c'bc-TaBr{Te [JraH no cxeMara npuquHa-cltedcmeue (nanprvrep:Ilpuvuuume sa apa1u<a-u3paercKlrn xauQrurcm). Moxe Aarlocrporrre [JraHa crd rr rro npocmp&Hcm*eH npu3Hatc (Pasno-to)reHuemo Ha nbmy+aulume 6u6tuoment e Kauaaesauo*)vIJtil AA ro r,ffpanrdTe Ha cpaBHrrTeJrHo-KorrrpacTeH rrpr{Hrlr4[(Ha4uouatusbrn u nony/tu3b/n 6 uma/ruaHcKnma lumepamypae nepuoda ua Bmopama c6emo6Ha aoilna).llpu relra c eKcre-pIdMeHraJreH xapaKTep rqe r4Mare uudynnuaeu nnau, rprrnafi-Krd or HrKor,r [peArroJroxenvfi.flu gocrrrafrrur Ao rd3rpuqaHe-TO Ha Teopr4fl; trpv TeMa oT JrorrrKo-MaTeMaTr4qecKrd xapaKTeprrbK rrle rdMare dedyrcmueeu rrJraH, rrbpBo reoprqra r{ flocJreBb3Mox(Hr4Te i nprloxeHwfl, c KoHKperHrd [pr{Mepr{. 6ux ra-3aJr, qe cllerlrdaJrrl3ldpalJaTa Jrr{TepaTypa, KorTo rr{e [oJI3BaTe,rrle Br,r fipegocraBr4 go6pr vt4evr 3a pa6oren nJran, crrrra Aa

* O6nacr B ceBepua Vlratun - 6en. nper

138

IV. 1. CrgrpxaHl4ero Karo TIJIaH ua pa6otata

cpaBHr,fle aBTopIdTe rL Aa BvAvrTe qvrfl. cxeMa ce go6mnxana

Hafr-ulttso qo (DopMyilvrpaHfifl B ,,TafrHoro" 3arraBl4e Ha re-MaTa Br4 ocHoBeH Bbrlpoc.

Ctgtpxaurero BI4 3aAaBa JIor[secKIlTe [onpa3AeJlenlltHa reMara: rJIaBtr{, naparpalfr r rlograparpalfu. flo rosld

Bbnpoc sux VI. 2. 4. vtVI. 4.W ryr 6u BI4 noMoruarlo pa3ge-

rqHero Ha ABe. Aro eaureto cblbpx€Hlle l{3rne)Kla raKa:

1. OcHoseH upo6nena

1.. 2. O*roseH nognpo6lena

1. 3. Btopocreueneu uognPo6leu

2. Pasrrexgane Ha ocHoBHI4r npo6nerur

2. 1. flrpno pa3KJIoHeHI4e

2. 2. Bropo pa3KIIoHeHt{e

To Moxe Aa ro npeAcraBI{re nog ifopr.aar:a Ha ABpBo, Karo

HilxBbpJlflHldre Jr4.P^\rv noKasBar AonsJIH[TenHI4 pa3KJIOHe-

Hrlfl, Kotr{To Moxe Aa BbBeAere, 6ea Aa Hapyurldre opmHld3a-

tlrrfrTa Ha paooTaTa cil:

IIEHTPAJIEH IIPOEJIEM

IIEHTPAJIEHTIOAIIPODJIEM

r39

IV. Pa6ourr.rm [JraH n KaproreKrlpauero

3a sceK[ r{3pa3 Mox(e Aa cr{ r{3Mr4cJrr4Te cbKparrleHr4e. Tosarrle Br,r e noJre3Ho, 3a Aa cBbpxeTe cbAbp)r(aHrdgTo cbc cxeMlfTena pa6ora rd rrle Br4 6rge o6qcHeno s IV. 2. 1.

Crctanure Jrr4 cbAbpxmHr{ero Karo nJraH 3a pa6ora, mpa6-6a *uHaeu da ceupseame c Hezo cxelnume u 6cflKaub6 aud dory-lneHma4un. Tes[ nocoquangrfl. rpr6na Aa ca flcutr. r go6pe sa-6enexravrra, nocpeAcrBoM r43rroJr3BaHero Ha cbKpaIrIeHI{tufvtu orlBerrBaHe. Te ule Br{ cJryJKar, 3a Aa opraHrir3rdpareBbTpeul{rdTe rrpeupaTKrd

B ragr KHrrra Berre cre BrfneJM KaKBo o3HarraBa qbmpeLuHa

npenpamKa.9ecro roBopr4M 3a Herqo, Kosro Beqe e pa3rJrexAa-HO B [peAr4rrrHa HraBa rif qr{TaT€irsT 6uea npenpaTeH rGM Heroc flocoqBane Ha HoMepa Ha ruraBara, naparpaQa r(JM fiognapar-paQa, nocraeeH s cxo6u. Brrpeunurre npeflparKrr cJry)Kar HecaMo 3a Aa He [oBTapflTe IIo rurKoJIKo nbTrr eAH]I Itcbfi\il Helqa,HO r 3a Aa IOKIDKaT Ha rMTaTeJrfl IIOCJIeAOBaTeJIHOCTTa Ha r€-Jrox(eHr{ero B qffilara AI4nJroMHa pa6ora. Bnrpeunroro ilocoq-BaHe MO)Ke Aa O3HatraBa, qe eArra tr cbula KoHrlemdr4r e BaiqA-Ha oT ABe pa3lr4tlHrd HreAHlI TOqKr{, qe eAI,IH rr sbrrlrd [pr{MepAOKa3Ba ABe pa3IIdtIHId Helqa, rre TOBa Kogro Cre Ka3aJM rro OC-

HoBHut pa3ffrexAaH Bbtrpoc Ba)Kr[. t ga srrofi nepr,r(fepeHnpo6neu vrr. H.

[o6pe opraHr{3rpanara pa6ora rpn6na Aa e rbJrHa c Bbr-perrrHrr fipeilparKrd. B npornneH crryunft yrslt rsa, qe BcflKarJraBa e nrlcaHa caMa 3a ce6e cv. r4 tre Ka3aHoro B npeAHr4TeuraBr4 HrMa 3naqenue. Pae6upa ce, rurKor{ ArrnnoMHr4 pa6orn(Hanprrraep c6vpxr'r. Ha AoKyMenru) uoxe Aa Harrurxere r4

TaKa, HO I4 npt[. TflX, KOTaTO rMrrleTe 3aKJrIOqeHtIeTO, BbTpeII-HI4Te nperparKr{ rrle Brd norpn6nar. ,[o6pe cbcraBeHrlrrrrJraH-cbAbp)rGHr,Ie Br4 [o3BoJrfBa Br4HaM Aa 3HaeTe Koe rGIece HaMr4pa, 6es eceKr,r nbr Aa pa3Jrr{crBare B TbpceHe Ha roBaKbAe 3a KaKBo cre roBoprdrr. Kar MttrcJr;zne, qe cbM rrocrb-trr4ll npw. HanI4cBaHeTo Ha KHI4raTa, KotTo qerere?

3a ga orpasflBa BflpHo norrtqecKara crpyKrypa Ha reMara(ocnoneu Bbfipoc c HeroBr,rre floApa3AeJrenvfl. yr neprQepnrnpo6nevru), cbAbp)KaHnero rpr6na Aa e pa3AeJreHo Ha?ra6u,napazpaQu u nodnapazpafuu.3a ga ue6erueu gurrnre o6ac-

740

IV. 1. CrgrpxaHrrero Karo [JraH Ha pa6orara

HeHr fl,, MOXe Aa [OrireAHeTe cbAbp)KaHr4eTo Ha Ta3r{ KHtfra.Tg e nunra c naparpalfrd rd rognaparpaQr (uoHarora rd c orqeuo-gpe6nlr noApa3AeireHr4r, KoI{To A:uKe He ca or6e[ssaHl,I ecbgbpn€Hr4ero: BIDK Ha[prdMep lll. 2. 3.). AualrrrrrrHoronoApa3AerqHe Ha TeKcTa yJrecHflBa Bb3rlpr4eMaHeTo Ha JIOTU-KATA HA I{3JIO)KCHI,TCTO.

Jlorrqecrara opraHrrcaqrrr Ha reKcra rpr6ea Aa e orpa3e-Ha B cbAbp>KaHrdero. T. e., aro s I. 3. 4. amoprr pa3Br4Ba rrr-Koe 3aKJrroqeHlre or L 3., roea rpa6na Aa craBa flcuo or cb-AbpxmHr4eTo, KaKTo e TyK:

cbAbP)I(AHr4E

I. IIOIPA3AF,TTEHT/rfl HA TEKCTAl. L. ftaeume

I. 1. I OrcrosnnqI. 1. 2. Haqalo ua a6saqure

1.2. IlapazpaQume

l.2. l.Ilatavngt 3a o3arJraBrBage

l. 2. 2.EueuryiurHo noApa31eJrfl He Ha reKcra ua noguaparpaQuII. OKOHTIATEJIHA PEIAKIII4.'I

lI. l. HaneraamqaHe Ha meKcma 6 Kbt4u ttrtu om nawuuonucuo 6npo11.2. Ilena wt, nuluet4ama ttautuHa

ru.IO,qBbP3BAHE

Tosu npuuep Hrd rroKa3Ba, qe He e r{y)KHo BcrKa rJraBa Iace rroApasAeJrr rro c'bnrytfl, Haqr{H Karo ApyrrlTe. Oco6enomu-Te Ha r43JrOXeHr4eTO MO)r(e Aa IIpOAT4KTyBaT [OApa3AeJrflHeTOHa H.rrKofi HraBa Ha MHoro flog-[o[naparpa0rr, a B Apyra r{3-Jro)r(eHrrero Aa BbpBrd noA o6rqo 3arJraBr{e.

Izlua Aunnourur pa6oru, Korrro He lt3r,IcKBar uogpo6nonoApa3AeJrrHe Ha TeKcTa r4 B KOT{TO TO AOpr{ MOxe Aa pa3Kb-ca Hl,rlrrKara Ha r43irox(eHr4ero nr (nanpurraep, aKo [paBnrepeKoHcrpyKrlwr Ha Hequfl, 6uorpa(f na). Ho no rprirHrlr{r BHr,r-

MaTeJIHOTO [OApa3AeJrrHe Ha TeKCTa rroMara Aa ce Abpxr{rroA KoHTpoJr Marepr4aJrbr I{ Aa ce cJrcAn Mr{cbJrra era. AKoBr{Ar, qe AaAeHo sa6lnAeure ce cbAbp}Ka e nognaparpa<f I.

141.

I

IV. Pa6ornraqr rrJrau ,r KaproreKr4pauero

2.2., yegyara ule pa36epa, qe ro ce orHacfl K6M BTopI4t tra-parpaQ or HraBa rrbpBa m qe vrua cbu{oro gHarreHl4e Karoua6lrogeuuflra, HarrpaBerrv. e L 2. t.

llocneAso [pegyflpexAeHr{e: pa3noJrarare Jrrl c orJrrdrrHoHa[paBeHo cblbpx€Hr4e, Mox(e Aa cr4 nGBoJrr4Te Aa He 3a[Ioq-Here or HaqaJroro. Aa,xe o6[xnoseHo ce 3artoqBa c roBa, Koe-ro e naft-qo6pe gor<yrvreHrrrpaHo rd 3a Koero cre nafi-clrrypnlr.Toea o6aqe e Bb3Mo)KHo caMo aKo I,IMare HI,IIITKa, Kofro AacJreABare, T. e. gbgbp)r€Hr,{e B cMr{chrr Ha pa6oren nlau.

IV. 2. Onruone u 6eremrur

fr|.2. l. Budoee iluuoee u n flxuomo nptuoilceHne

C uapacuaHero Ha cr6panam 6n6rnaorpa<fr4r 3a[oqBare rIAa qerere MareprdaJrr4r€ clr. Cauo Ha reoprlfl e Bb3MoxHo Aa crd

cbcraBr4re xy6ara 6u6ru,rorpa(f\{fl. w eABa cJreA roBa Aa ceAHercAa qerere. Harcrrtra BeAHara qoM cr{ cbcraBr,rre rrbpBoHaqa[-ua 6u6nr,rorpaQu.a, sanouBare Aa qerere AocrbrrHara rrrrepary-pa. flonrxora ce 3anoqBa c npoqrlra Ha HrrKor KHura r4 qpe3

He.fl ce cbcraBfl rrbpBoHaqarsara 6vltrtorparfux. Bre eceKrlcnyqafr KoJIKoro noBerre r{er€Te, ToJrKoBa fioBeqe qe ce yBeil{-qaBar 6u6nuorpalfcKr4re flocoqBanr/rs. r,r ule HapacrBa 6poar naBarrrrrre Qnruone.

Wyean:atnnr cnyrafr e Aa r{Mare B Kbrrlr{ rlrJrara Hyxna6r6nrorpa<pua (n ygo6Ho pa6orno Mflcro, c MHoro rrJrorrl HaKOSTO MO)Ke Aa pa3nOJIOIOITe KHI4|I4Te, Ha KO,{TO Ce nO3OBa-Bare, pa3Aerrsioi<w rlr Ha rynuunr). Ho no[o6so Herqo cecJrfrBa rBbpge pflIKo Aarr(e r{ npr npo(fec[oHaJrnrlTe frenr{.

Bce uax Aa AonycHeM, qe cre cr6panr Bcr.FIKr{re srd Heo6-xoAllMr,r Marepr4anr{. llo npunqr{rr He 6vffa svL 6ulr neo6xo-ilt Mu Apyrr Qlrurone, ocBen 6u6nuorpa<|cKr{Te, 3a Ko[To ro-BoprrxMe s III.2.2. IIIe crl rroArorBr{re rrJraH (lrnn npegnona-raeMo cbAr,p)r<aur{e, BtrDK I. 1.) c rrogxoArrqo HoMepr4paHr{rJraBr4 u naparpalpn. B npoqeca Ha rrereue trle noArrepraBareId IrIe cr{ orbersseare B noJrero cbKparrleHr,rrra, orroBapflulrlHa rJraBr4Te or rrJraHa sra. no cblrrrlff Haqr{H rrle nocraBrdre

1.42

IV. 2. Or,nuose n 6elexrra

cbKpauleHr,reTo, oTroBapflqo Ha AaAeHa KHr4ta u ctpaHiyrr\a,NPI{ HIABI,ITC OT NJIAHA SIA, TAKA B MOMEHTA HA OKOHqATEIHA-Ta peAaKrl[q qe 3HaeTe rGAe Aa TbpcrrTe AaAeHa ililefl, mrwrlrdrar. AlrpegnoJro)Kr4M, qe nmuere Ar{rrJroMHara cu pa6o_ra nrpxy-I4deflma sa *epoflmHume c6emo6e 6 a.aepuKaHcKamaHayqHa Qaumacmurcn r{ qe rroApa3AeJreHr4ero 4.'5. 6. rrtacrr

"l3n5lme.-Ha BpeMero Karo rrpexoA Menqy BbsMoxHrl cBero-ne". 9erefrxv Cusna na cusuauuemo (Mindswap) na po6lprIUexllr, ure orKpr'ere B rJ'raBa XXI, qb qr.ro"o ira Maprullr,Maxc, AoKaro vtpaen na rolQ, [onaAHaJr B rbHKa Ha BpeMe_To, HaMrdparqa ce Ha rrrpr{ulero Ha Oerpxestu Krurpu'Kry6n Cranxoyn v ce e o3oBaJr Ha nJraHerara K-necryc. lq" a, d"_6elexere B floJrero Ha crp. )Lyz B Kurffa,ra

I.P. (4.5.6.) rr,HKa Ha BpeMero

Kosro Iqe o3HaqaBa. .re 6ere>rmara ce orHac, go ,{unlorvr_nara Pa60ra (rvroNe Aa r8rroJr3Bare ra3r{ KHr4ra rI crrel,Aecer ro-p.vrnvr r\e go6pe,qa 3Haere Koe roAqepraBaHe sa rofr ,pyg nr eryruo) rd Ao Koe nefrno rroApa3AeJreHue. B palvrnuntin.rnu"nbK rrle Haruruere rrpr naparpaQ 4. 5. 6.:

nx. Scheckley, Mindswap, c.tp. ryz

a raM Ber{e Mox(e Aa cre noMecrr4Jrrd rrpelparKr4 x.ru 46_cypdeH caflrn Ha Bpay*r m Bpamama ua mmbmo ua Xafrnnafru.

flolo6en noAxoA rpeAroJrara IUrKoJrKo Heqa: (a) ve r4MareBarrr eK3€MrrJrrp or KHr4rara; (6) ve Moxe Aa noAqepraBare Bnero; (n) qe HrMa Aa rrpaBrrre npoMeHrr n pa6onrur crd rrJraH..{a npegnono)Ktr{M, se Krrr{rara ce HaMr{pa TpyAHo M Brr e Aoc_Tbrrna caMo B 6u6rutorexara; Aa peqeM, qe Brd , AaAar 3a BKbrrlrd, Ho He MoN(e Aa noArrepraBare B uen (unv, rrbK qe e Barla,Ho rsAaHrrero e npeKiureHo rIeHHo, 3a Aa [oArrepraeare); uerpr6ea rocreneHHo Aa npecrpyrc)lp\rpare pa6ornlax

", nia, ^ero, qe cre r{3npaBeHrlnpeA npo6levr. floclegnara Herrprdflr_

HOcr e uai4-o6ttqaitna. B npoqeca na pa60ra rrJraHbr sra ce o60-rarrBa r{ npecTpyrffypvp4 a Br4e He Mo)Kere BceKr IIbT Aa rrpo_

143

{

IV. Pa6onrnnr [JraH n KaproreKl4paHero

Merurre HarmcaHoro B noJreTo Ha KHr4rara. Tara qe [oAo6HI{6erexrur cnegBa Aa 6bgar Aocra o6Iqu, or rrfiIa Ha ,,BeporrHl4csgroge!". Kar qe ce c[paB[Te c uoAo6na Hero.nroct? Hanpr,r-Mep Karo cr{ cbcraBrrre t(npmomeKa ua udeume: qe uuare Qu-rrroBe c:sc 3anraBr{fl xaro luunt Ha gpeflemo, Ilapatetuocmnexdy *epanmHume 6emo6e, Ilpomuaopeuun, Bapua4uu e

cmwKmypama vr.T. H. rd KaTo rlocTaBr4Te TOTIHoTO TIOCOqBaHe Ha

Illercrna B rrbpBr,rf; Qnn. Tara Ir1e Mo)Kere Aa pa3[oJlo)Is4TeBCI{TIKI,{ NPCNPATK'I KbM TbHKI{TE HA BPEMETO B OIIPEAEJICHO

Mrrcro Ha Barra[f. [JraH, Ho rrbK rrle Mo)r(e Id Aa Megrr{Te Qrnra,Aa ro pa3MecBaTe c Apyfl4re, Aa fo rrocTaBl{r€ npeAl4 \[Jtr[ clre[,nsrol'i or rrx.

Ero rar oqepraxMe neo6xogl,rvrocrra or cblrlecrB)tsaHeroHa KhpmomeKa om mernamwHu Qutuoae: rs 6v 6v]'la rroJrffHanpr4 TeMr{ or rr4na Havc:toprrr Ha r4Aer{Te. Aro gunrounaraBvtpa6ora Bbpxy BepomHure cBeroBe B aMepl4KaHcKara Haf{Haifanmcrura e rl3rpaAeHa rrocpeAcrBovr us6poxnaHero Ha pa3-JII,rqHIdre Haqt{Htr{, IIo Kor{To OTAeJIHI4Te aBTOpI{ peIXaBaT JIOI'I4-

Ko-KocMoJIorIfrIHIrre npo6revga, me/wamuqHama KapmomeKnrrle Brr cBbprrpr tryAecHa pa6ora.

Ho Aa npeAnoJro)ro{u, ue pa6orara B\t e pa3AeJIeHa tro pa3-Jrr{qeH HaquH, T. Hap. nedantouu'. BbBexAarrla rJraBa r4 cJreA

roBa rro eAHa 3a BceKrd or ocHoBHr4Te aBTopr{ (IIIernr, Xafrn-lafru, Asruor, Epayn u r.n.) efft rr:bK, qe e rd3rpaAeHa or nla-Btr{, nocBereHrd Ha no eAr4H poMaH, B3er Karo MoAeJI. B rosffc;qq21r€MarrdqHara KaproreKa qe ce Br{Aor{3MeHr{ B Kapmo-tneKa no a6mopu. Bra Qlrua ea IIIeKru rqe lraMepr{re Bcr{qKrlnpenpaTKl,f IGM Megrara B HeroBr{Te K]t'J/'frt, I(bAero ce roBoprr3a BepoflTHlr cBsroBe. Carrarsr Quur vroxe Aa 6lge pa3AeJreH Haluunn wt apernemo, Ilapatetnocrnu, Ilpomueopa4ufl vr r. H.

,[a gonycneM rd qe Barrrara reMa pa3nrexga upo6neMa orTeoperr4qHa rJreAHa rosKa, usnonssafrKrd Hayr{Hara ifanmc-rrdKa Karo oprlerrrrrp, Ho ArdcKyr[paitwr BcbrrlHocr irorrdKaraHa BepoflTHrdre cBeroBe. Tara npelparKrdre KbM Ha) {Hara

Qarramrra qe 6rgar MHoro rro-MaJrKo r{ qe cJry)Kar npegr4BcIdtIKo 3a Aa BKJrloqr,rre B TeKcra HrKor{ [o-cKopo sa6asHuIllrrarrd. B rarus cryqnT 6lone r4MaJrr4 nyxqa or t@pmomeKrl

t44

IV. 2. Onurose r 6erexrra

Ha 4umamume) Karo na (fuura fourcu Ha spelnemo, rqe or6e-Jre)r(ere rulKot oco6eno noKa3areJllra ifpasa na lllexlra, ua

Qwta lTapa,terHoanu qe [ocraBldre orrl{caHldero, Koero [pa-nu Epayn Ha ABe a6conroruo eAHaKBI,I BceJIeHI4, eAIdHcrBeHa-

Ta pa3JrrdKa Mexly Koldro e HaqtlHbr, rto xofito ilraBulltrrepofi cr 3aBbpsBa o6yrrute.

Ho npeqnoJrolr(ere tI Apyro: qe He pa3[oJlarare c KHI4ra-

Ta Ha Illerrra, a cre fl qeru y cnofr npurreJl B Apyr rpagMHoro [peAI{ aa cv cbcraBtlTe [iIaH 3a pa6ora, BKJIIoqBaIT{

pasrJrezqaHeTo Ha rbHK[Te Ha BpeMeTo Id [apaJIeJItI3Ma'Euno e neo6xoguvto \a cv rloArorBr{Te KaproreKa Ha npo-qereHrdre KF'vtttr, BKrrorlBaqa lpraru sa crnnna Ha cb3HaHue-

mo, cb4bp>Kaul 6u6nuorpa<pcrnte AaHHI4 Ha Knldrara, trPe-pagKa3 na naft-saxHoro, oIIeHKtI 3a 3HaqeHldero ir r qrlacepvrfl r\uITaTr4', KotITO OIqe OT npbB [OrJIeA CA BVr Ce CTOpId-

JII,I nOKa3aTeJIHI{.

,[a npu6au{M I4 pa3JllluHtrre BI{IoBe pa6omnu Quwoae:Hanpr{Mep ocblrlecrBffBalrlI{ Bpb3KaTa Mexly werme v pa-6ornus nnan, QunroBe Ha npo6revrute (rax Aa pa3pelrra ro3rlnpo6nevr?), <fuuone 3a roAcelqaHe (n Kol4ro cre ct6parulr4Aer4, noAXBbpJIeHtI BId or HtKoro I4 KoI4To 6uxre MouII4 [apaspa6ourre) r r. H I4 r. n. Bcern or re3l4 BIrEoBe (fuuronerpa6na Aa e c pagJlr{qeH qBqr n Aa BKrIoqBa B AqcHoro rrorecbKparrleHldtTa, [penpalqaultl KbM KapTOTeKa c Apyr IIBqT Id

ruu pa6ornvrrlran. Tarusa KaproreKl4 ca Helqo npeKpacHo.VI raxa: B rrpeAI4IrIHrq naparpalf npeguono)Kl{xMe cbIIIec-

rByBaHero na 6u6mrorpaifcxa KaproreKa (r.aanxr <fuurone cflpocrr{ 6u6nrorpalf cKItLAaHHr'a Ha BcIdtIKI,I noJIe3HI4 Knvttvr,3aqr4ero cbrrlecTByBaHe cTe nayrrm,r), a cera HId ce IrpeAcraBgHaJrr4ql{eTo Ha IITJIa cepvIfl, noMoIrIHId KaproreKr{:

1.. rapgorera Ha rlpoqereHu"Ie Knl'rtt u crarllvt2. reuausua KaproreKa3. as6yrna KaproreKa4. raprorera Ha III4TaTL{Te

5. pa6ornlr KaproreKl{

10. Kax ce nnlue AI4ruroMHa pa6ora 1'45

-J

IV. Pa6ornrsr [JraH I4 KaproreKlrpauero

Hlaxno :trrl e aa [paBI,IM BcIdtIKo roBa? Pas6r,rpa ce, rre He.

Moxe Aa rlMare caMo KaproreKa Ha [poqereHur€ 3afiraBvn, aBCr{qKO OCTaHaiIO I.ACVr3AnVrcBaTe Ha TeTpaAIO{; MO)Ke Aa Ce Or-paHr{rrr4Te c KaproreKa Ha rlr{Tarure, mft xato Ballrara pa6ora(la peuena Bbp)ry Ofipazum Ha ilceHama aua QetuuuuonKama nu-mepamypa na vemupudecemme eodunu) TpbrBa or roqHo o[pe-AeJreHa oTrrpaBHa TorrKa, MaJIKo e JllflepaTypaTa, rlocBeTeHa Ha

Bbflpoca rd eArdHcrBeHoro, Koero rpa6na Aa HarIpaBI4Te e Aa cb-6epere Mar€pldiul, na roil'ro Aa ce rlo3oBaBare. Tara qe 6ponru BIl'{{bT Ha KaproTeKr(Te ce noAcKa3Ba or xapaKTepa Ha Aun-JroMHara pa6ora.

Egnncrnenoro, Koero rpa6na Aa Bw ce [oAcKaxe e, qe

BcfiKa eAHa Kaprorera rpa6na Aa 6rAe 3aBbplrleHa u ynu-

Quqlrpana. ,{a peuevr, qe flo Balrrara reMa pa3noJlarare B

Kbrrlrd c KHrdrr{Te na Curt, Poclr, Epayn u,{e folvrepa, a crerreJru B 6u6maouam ,[ronon, Jlynecry r Haracaru. AroQrurupare caMo [ocJreAHr{Te rpr[,, a 3a ocraHaJII4Te ce AoBe-prdre Ha rraMerra cu (v. ua Qaxta, tle ca BId rIoA prra) xaxqe ce onpaBure B MoMeHTa Ha oKonqareJlHara pegaxqux?Moxe 6n raro pa6orrrc HanoJIoBIrHa c Qunrone u HanoJIo-Br Ha c rsrru? M at<o Brd ce HaJrox(rd [a rlpecrpyKTypl{parepa6otrr,ra cr4 rrJraH, KaKBo IrIe IdMare nog prxa? Knurr, Qr,r-rrroBe, TeTpaAKrl, xBbptraqld nr,rcrose? Mnoro no-go6pe 6u6uno Aa cu <[rurrpare nogpo6no u c nso6tIJII{e or IItIrarI{,[rcnon, Jlyuecry wHaracaxtt, Ho Aa He flpo[ycKare Cvrr,m,Poclr, EpaF lr ,{e fovrepa, npu KotITo Moxe flpocro AanponycHere rlr{Tarrrre, or6enxsnaftrm ua Koff crpaH[Ila crerrr [oAqepranv.Taxa qe pa6orrre c xoMoreHeH MarepldaJl,JreceH 3a noJrsBaHe, JrecHo npeHocldM. IIrr u or egnn 6rpsrrorJleA rqe pasbepere KaKBo Beqe cre cBbpIrItIJIId Id KaKBoBId OCTABA.

flonsrora e uo-ygo6no Id no-noJle3Ho Aa floMecrllre Ha

tprurone BcrrrrKo. flouucrere sa H.flKos reMa B o6racrra saJrr{Teparypara, rrpvr Korro rpx6na aa cm na6anure t{ Aa Ko-MeHTrdpaTe MHoro tuTa'fvr oT pa3Jrr4rrHl4 aBTOpId, KaCaeqI4e1vrH r,[. cbrrlrd Bbrrpoc. .[a npegnoJro)Kr{M, ue pa6orara Br4 e

Bbpxy Kon4en4unma sa tcunoma Kamo u3tEcm6o netrdy po-

146

IV. 2. (Duurose u 6elexrr,t

"utaHmu3rwa u dercndeumunlomo. Eto eu n ra6mlqa 5 npr,ruepc qerr{prl Quura, cbAbpx€ull4 IIIITarI4.

Karro BrD(Aare, ifuumr Hocld B ropHara cil qacr cbKpa-qenrrero III4T. (sa ga ce pa3rtlqaBa or ApyrI{re nugoee Qu-rrroBe), flocJre rrABa reMara ,)KuBot'lr Karo I'I3KycrBo". 3aqor{grrrlcBaM r4 TeMara, cJIeA Karo q sHaM? 3aqoro reMaraMoxe Aa ce pagBlre raKa, ue ,,XllBorbr Karo u3tcyctno" ga cenpeBbpHe caMo B qacr or pa6orara; 3alrloro clqrxt QuurMox(e aa MIr 6tge uoreseH I4 cJIeA AI{nJIoMHara pa6ora u ga

ce r4rrrerpl4pa B KaproTeKa Ha l\rtrTaTet ilo Apyru TeMI{; 3aIIIO-ro Mora Aa rrotraAHa Ha re3l4 Quruone Id cJIeA ABaAecer toAI4-Hwvr ila ce rrgs ga KaKBo, rro A.flBorI{Te, ce orlracat. Ha rpe-To Mrrcro cru or6ers3aJl aBTopa Ha Illdrara. ,[ocratruuo rue rrpe3r4MeTo, 3aITIOTO Ce flpeAnoJlala, tle 3HaeTe KoId ca Te3Id

aBToprd rd Beqe pa3noJlarare c 6r,r6nuorpa<pcrr Quruone. floc-Jre r{ABa peA Ha caMwr IIIdrar, 6lln rcfr KparbK I4JrId AbJIbr(ruroxe Aa e crcraeeH or eAr{H I4JrId or rpl4Aecet peAa).

,[a paernegavre (fnura ea Vrc"rrmp: I,IMa III,nar B [peBoA,cJreIBaH or Bb[poctlTerHa. Tosa o3HatlaBa, qe 3a rrpbB Irbr cbMcrrKpr{Jr rlr{Tara B Heqr4t Apyra K{I4ra I4 He 3HaM Hrfro orl(bAer{ABa, HI(to Aulr' eroqeH, HI{ro KaK 3BytM B oplrrrlHar. flo-rsc-Ho cbM orKpI{JI oprrrrr*anrnrrfl. TeKgr Id cbM ro ot6erqsar. CeraBEIIE MOTA AA

'I3IIOJBBAM IIITATA.

,[a nornegnerur lfrtrra sa Brrlde Ae JIut Alavr. Tlrraau ryma-Ta B rrpeBoA, SHaM OT KbAe e B3gr, HO AaHHr{Te MId Ca HeIrbJIHr{.

Ero eil flpr{Mep na <}uur 3a AoBbpluBase. Herrrleu cb[Io raKau (fuumr sa forfie. Togtr sa Vafiq e AocrarbqHo rIbJIeH, aKo

xaparmepbr Ha gltrlJloMHara MtI pa6ora rIo3BoJIrBa wrarrL B

lpeBoA. Aro teprata MId e tro ecrerr{Ka, Moxe rr4al'lr[. e Aocra-rbqeH. Aro e Bbpxy anrmafrcrara Jll/fl€parypa, u1e rpn6na Aa roAOTTbJTHTI C OpI4fldHaJIHI4fl TeKCT.

Moxe Aa cbM orKptIJI IItITara or Vafiq B tI3AaHr{e, Kosrouutrvr B r(bIrII4, Ho Iqe IdMaM HellputrHocrr{, aKo He cbM ctlHarrpaBrdJr Qrur, saqoro IrbM Kpuul Ha pa6oram rco6lrlo HrNIa

w Aa ce csrr 3a nero. Heuprlflrmocrr/L ule IdMaM Id aKo [pocrocbM cr{ 3arrrdcall ua i}rrua ,,BIr)K crp. L6", 6es ga npenrura (fpa-3ara, Ko.flTo Me uHTepecyBa, 3alrloro B MoMeHTa Ha oKoIFIareJI-

747

i1

IV. Pa6ornuqr nJran r,r KaproreKr4paHero

Hara peAaKrlr[fr'tpf6BaAa Abpxa Bcr4rrKr4 wlaT]|/rnoA oKo. TaKaqe D/6r,fle BpeMe, Koraro cr4 cbcraBrre Qrnroee, Ho rrbK rreqe-Jrrme MHoro IIoBeqe nprr 3aBbpr[BaHeTo Ha paboTaTa.

[pyr u,rn lfrurore ca pa1omnume. Eto eu s m6rrdrla 6flp,rfivrep 3a or4ur 3a 6pwKa no mernama, 3a KoffTo roBopr4xMes IIL 2.4., erpxy r,lera<popara y npeAcraBr.rreJrr{re Ha cegeM-HaAecerlr ner. Tyr cbM nocraBr{Jr cbKparqeHrlero MEM. rcrNa or6erq3aJr reMa, Ha Korro qa o6rpua [oBerre BHr4MaHrde,ITpenuuaeaHe om ocesae/nomo rcxn aidutuomo. Bce oqe He3HaM AaJrrd TOBa rIIe ce [pepacHe B oTAeJrHa rJraBa, MaJrbK na-parpaQ unfi r\e ocraHe rrpocro 6elexxa no1 lrlnrtfl' rlrtq(rau1o ne?), ue ce npeBbpHe B ocuoBHr4r Bbrrpoc, pa3rurex(-AaH B Ar{nJroMHara uu pa6ora. Or6erqgar cbM cr4 r4Aer,r, Ko-rdro ca Mu AolrrJrr,t or rtpoqldra Ha IaAeH aBTop, noco.rsafrKrdKHr4rtr{, KOr,rTO Aa noHIeAHa, WEeW, KOI{TO AA pagBuIfl. Harpar,npenrcrrafrxu pa6oruara cv, KaproreKa, Mo)Ke Aa cvr aav_cMerKa, qe cbM npene6pernaJr rrrrKor o6eulasarqa rr1efl. rr AaB3eMa pelreHr4ero ga npepa6ors Ar{rriroMHara cu pa6ora, saAa BKIrOqa fiTA3J[.v4efl,, vrJrrf Aa peua, qe He crd SacJr]DKaBa Aace rcBopr4 3a Heq; Aa r [ocTaBq rIoA Ir Hvrfi.,3a Aa noKax€, qecbM rdMaJr TaKaBa ldAer, Ho He cbM HaMepr4Jr 3a yl!{ecTHo Aa tBKJrrotra B Ta3r4 cu pa6ora. Mora r Aa pema, aKo Beqe cbM cr4rrpeAaJr reMara, ga pa6orr rro ro3rd npo6levr s 6rAe[Ie. fia atnprdrroMHr4M, qe KapToTeKaTa e r{HBecTr{rlr4r, KoqTo ce npaBr4rro noBog Ha Ar4nJloMnata pa6ora, Ho Koqro, aKo r,rMaMe Ha-

.MepeHr,re Aa npoAbJDKraM HanpeA, rrle HId [ocJr]DKr,r u n 6lge-qe, IIOHflKOIa tI CJIOA AeCeTI4JIeTI,Iff.

Bce nar He Mo)r(eM flpeKaJreno Hagblro Aa ce pa3rrpocrr{pa-Me Bbp{y pa3Jrr4rrHr/rre Br4AoBe Qrurone. [a ce orpanrvrvr c Qu-ur,rpaHero Ha rasBopr4re or rrbpBa pbKa rd c Quuonere Ha npo-qeTeril,fTe 3aHraBrd.f, oT I,I3BOpr{T€ BTOpa p6Ka.

n/.2.2. @uwupane Ha u36optt om nbpsa pbna

(Dlnuoeere Ha fipoqereHrr 3arJraBr,u Bbprrrar pa6ora npuKprdrrdlrecKara Jrrdreparypa. He 6lor ryr rrc[oJr3Bi]Jr r{Jrr{ noHe HeB cbrr[dfl Br,q, 3a rcBopt{Te or rrbpBa prra. Cupeu, aKo nr{urere

148 r49

IV. 2. Orurose n 6elernsr

TeMa Bbpxy MangeoHr, HopMaJrHo rqe 6rAe ga cu rluruupareBcutillrn 3aruraBr4r Bbpxy Man4sonr, Ho rrle 6rge crpauHo pe-IueHr4e ga lpnnrrpare fodeuu4ume, Harpr{Mep. Crqoro 6u6ulo lt aKo craBa Bbrrpoc 3a uraBrd w fpandarrct<an rcodetcc v:ltttlpr4 Ar4niroMna pa6ora no r{cropr{r Ha MareMarr4Kara BbpxyIfpozpa.otnma om EptaueeH Hn Kmfiu.

Haft-go6pe e Aa r,rMare rroApbKa ocHoBHr,r.f, cu lrseop. TonaHe e TpylHo, KoraTo cTaBa Bbnpoc 3a KJracrqecK[ aBTop, qr4r4-

TO KHIdII,I Ca [3Aa,qeHI4 KprTIdt{HO ylIM3A MOAepeH aBTOp, t4I/I TO

KHr4u{ ce HaMr4par n npogax6a..[a ryurre noAo6na KHr{ra, 03-HaqaBa Aa HaflpaBrdre eAHa floBeqe or neo6xogr,rMa rdHBecrr4-qus. Bts Baruara KHr4ra Moxe cnoxofrno Aa fioArlepraBare, r43-

nonssafrKr{ Aopil pa3Jrr{rrHr{ rlBeroBe. II{e wrgnvr no-AoJry KaK-BA E TIOJBATA OT TOBA,

IloduepmaaaHunma nepcoHa/ru3upam K+uzama. Ouepra-Bar cJreArrre Ha BarrrrlTe r4HTepecl4. llossorrsar Bu Aa ce Bbp-Here KbM Ta3rr KHr{ra r4 cJreA MHoro BpeMe, pasnosuanafrrlroT npbB floilreA ToBa, KoeTo Brd e Ha[paBr4Jro B[eqaTJreHrfe.Bce nar rpa6na Aa roAqepraBare, cregnafrrr HrKaKbB Kpr4-repvrit, Te3u, rouro [oAqepraBar BcrrrlKo Bce eAHo He rrog-qepraBar Hr{Iqo. B cruloro BpeMe Moxe Aa ce oKDKe, qe HaeAHa Id cblrla cTpaHvt\a ce HaMrfpaT Helqa, Kor{To Br{ rdHTepe-cyBar or pa3nl{qHr{ HreIHrd roqKn. Ero s raKr{Ba cJrf{arn rrle[oArIepTaBaTe c pa3rr4rrHr{ rIBeToBe.

I4snoraaartme q*emoseme, wait-go6pe c r6HKo trrdrrreqr4

Qnyvracrpu. Hexa BceKrl rIBflT Aa orroBapr Ha AaAeHa reMa:cbrrlr4Te rIBgToBe, Kor{To rrle rroJI3BaTe B rrJraHa Id B KapToTe-Krdre cr{. Tara r MoMeHTa Ha cbcraBffHe Ha Ard[JIoMHara pa-6ora qe 3Haere, qe HanprdMep qepBeHoro orroBapr Ha DraBaIIbpBa, a 3eJIeHoTo - Ha ruraBa BTopa.

Heru na 6ceKu 46nm da omeoeapa no edno cbKpau.leHue(unr nrr uorseaftre caMo cbKparqenux). Axo ce BbpHeMrrvr nplrvrepa 3a BepoffTHr4Te cBeroBe B HafrHara Qanractr-Ka, rqe KaxeM, qe c fB cMe or6err3aJur rbnKrrre Ha BpeMe-To, a c H necroreercBr^flTa Mexgy aJrrepHarllBHr4Te cBeroBe.Aro pasuex(Aare HqKorKo aBropa, rl3MrdcJlere cId cbKpaqe-HI4e 3a BC9KI,I OT TtX.

Tadrnrqa 5

Q}IIIIOBE3A qI4TATI{

Lrl

r{r4T.

ilfuAom Kamo rcKycm9a

Whistler

,,06uxHoeeHo npupo,qara

rpeuHa"

B opurnHan

,,Nature is usually wrong"

J. A. McNeill Whistler,

The gentle art of making ene-

mies, 1890

r-lr4T.

Xneor Karo u3KycrBo

Villiers de I'lsle Adam

,,Xt4Borbr? Po6we .qa My

Mr4cnflT 3a Hac"

(Castello di Axel:)3FOp)OloFl

d

FJ

X0)'o.loFloX

oFlo

q14T.

Xueor Karo n3KycrBo Th

Gauthier

,,[1o npuHqun Heu{o craHe nn

norre3Ho, npecraBa Aa 6uAe

KpacilBo"

(Preface des premieres poe-

sies, 1832:

q14T.

Xilaor Karo n3KycrBo

Oscar Wilde

,,MoxreM nv na npocrt4M Ha

qoBeK, qe npaBu Heqo nore3-

HO, npaaetaru ce, qe My cegugxutuaea?"

(l-lpegroeop KbM flopmpemnm

Ha flopuan fpeu, HapogHa

Kyflrypa, crp. 16)

N,J

H

F

(D

Oloox

Utts

,ll*- *r-

IV. Pa6ornl,rsr nJIaH 14 KaproreKtrpauero IV. 2. (Dnruose lt 6eaerq${

Ta6nuqa 6

TIAMETHA 3AIIIICKA

ItIsnolgaafrme cbKpat4eHtm, 3a da onpede.oume 3Haqequemo

ua noduepmaHama uHfuopruequn 3saxtt NB, noctaneH B no-

JIeTO, Btr{ noAcKa3Ba BeAHafa, qe nacilKbT e MHOrO BilKeH 3a

Bac I4 B TaI(bB crryn1nft HflMa rrrxqa Aa noAtlepraBare BCtIqK',{-

r" p.gou". III4T'qe o3HaqaBa, qe-oipeAereH nacax rps6Ba

na 6rle ql{rldpaH I{3qfiJIo, a IIIzIT/|B, qe BbrpocuI{fir rlacarK

flacBa I[AeaJIHo rato o6scneHue Ha Bbnpoca 3a rbHKt{Te lra

BpeMero.- Osuaqaeail.me necmamn' Ha Koumo ule ce gbpHeme no-Kbc-

no. flptt rrbpBtlt [potItIT HlKoI4 [acaxud Moxe u \a He Blr cra-

sar scgr. Tara qe Moxe Aa IIOCTaBI{Te B IIOJIeTO eAHO rOJIt-

rrro B (ua ce wqu) tI Aa ce BbpHere rtvr upo6leMa, cJIeA Karo

CTe Cr{ tl0l4.3frCH'l'fiI, I4AeIdTe.

Koea ue mpa1ea da ce nodvepmaaa? Pasdupa ce' Koraro

KHrrrara He e Balla '{JII4

trbK CTaBa Bbflpoc 3a pg[Ko v'sAAHt[e'

B noAo6nu cryqail Moxe Aa cv' tfotoronupare l4l{TepecyBa-

rrlrdre BId crpanllldl4 t{ Aa [oAqepraBare B Tflx' IrIttu cvr Hafipa-

BeTeTeTpaAKa,BKofiToAaBnIdcBaTeBiuKH'ITeIIac:uKl4IdTex-Hr4Te KoMeHTapu.I/Ittu cI4 Ha[paBere KaproreKa I{ 3a I'I3Bo-

pr4Te or IrbpBa PbKa, HO nbK TOBa e MHOIO rPYruto ilHaficTI['-

:ra6usu ce Haro)Ktlno ga ifuurupare crpauldlla no crpantlqa'

Craea, aKo IMIuere Bbpxy Le grand Meaulnes, eAHa Muoro

TbHKa KHIDKKa: Ho aKo nuurerc Bbpxy Haytw 3a lto?uKama Ha

Xerel? Waxo BtI ce HaJloxtl, npllrloMHtftxr npuvepa c Oub-

Jll{oreKara n Alercangpvts, Aa rfr'ruupate IsAaHtlero or ce-

AeMHaAecertI BeK Ha Afiucmom&tea datet<oztted na Tesaypo?

He 6r Br,r rroMornano nr,rrqo Apyro, ocBeH <[onoronrpaHgtoI,IJrId TeTpaAKaTa 3a IIaCa)KI,I, CbIIIO I{3rIIdcaHa tpenro Id c IIOC-

TaBeHI,I B Het cbKpaIrIeHI'Is.Ilpu1aeniime u pasdetumetu Kbrt4 cmparuuqume' 6 Kaumo

c-rne nodvepma*oJrtl., sanacntrtwt Bbpxy crbpqatrprfi IdM Kpald

CbKPaUIeH}Ie I'I IIBflT.Eru^ouofime c Qomoxonupaaemo! Oororouu'sta ca neo6-

xoAI,IM pa$oren IdHcrpWeHT, 6ldro sa Aa ldMare noA pbKa

npouetenoto s 6la6rldoreKara' 6ilno--sa Aa cr^ 3anecsre B

r<tu{tl ToBa, Koero orrle He cre rleru. Ho sutlMasaftre, saulo-

TO qOBeK MbKHe B IGIII'T CTOTI{qI CTpaHIiIIIil' yC[OKOtBa Ce'

153

MEMflpeunnaaaHe or oce3aeMoro KbM Bt4gl4Moro

Cp. Hauser A. Sozialgeschichte der Kunst

ll., 267, KbAero qnrnpa Buon$nnn 3a

npeMnHaBaHeTo oT oce3aeMo KbM

Bil.qilMo MeXEy PeHeCaHCa v Sapora:fluHeapHo vs. >KLlBonilcHo, 3arBopeHo vs.orBopeHo, a6con0THa flcHora vs.peflarilBHa flcHora, MHox(ecTBeHocr vs.eAuHCTBO.

Tesu vryetA nA HaMnpaMe orHoBo npn

Pafinnoxgn PoMaHbm 6es uguAuf,, KaKTo 14

npil Teoperhqnre (Marnytxfymeudepeo1ama ea aKmuKa)

1.52

.J

IV. Pa6ornnqr [JraH r4 KaproreKr{paHero

qe ca My Ha pa3rroJro)KeHr4e yr. HaKpafl, He rr{ npoqr4Ta. 3aToBaBeAHara uIoM ce cAo6r4eTe c Konr4paH TeKcr, [poqeTeTe ro ucr{ cBbpueTe pa6oTaTa c Hero. I4ua ugoro Heqa, Kor,rTo HegHaM, 3arrloro cbM ycnrJr Aa cr{ QoroKo[rdpaM AaAeH TeKcr 14

B pffyJrTaT c5M Ce yc[oKordJr, Bce eAHo qe cbM ro qeJr.

Arco rcuttzama e 6awa u Hfl/na aHmuK\apHa cmofiHocm, He cenote6artme da nodvepmqname a Hefl. He napnafrTe Ha re3rr,KoIlTo Ka3Bar, qe KHI4rI4Te rpadna Aa ce noqffTar, Karo He cerroqqepraBa B rrx. flo.rrrrra KbM KHrrrrlTe ce r43pa3rBa rrpe3

I{3noJr3BaHero MM, a He Karo rr{ ocraBr{Te ga cl6rpar npax.llrr u Aa rr4 npoAaAere Ha crapo, HqMa Aa cnerreJrr,rre Hr{rqo,rufi qe cr4 3acJrlDIGBa Harlcrr{Ha Aa cre rrr r43rIoJI3BaJIr4.

flovrucrere Bbpxy BcrlqKo roBa, rrpeAr{ ga cr ue6epere reMaHa Ar4rrJroMHara pa6ora. Axo rs r{3r4cKBa or Bac Aa qerere KHr{-ilr c xun;4il crparrr4rlr{, Kor{To He Mox(ere Aa QoroKonr[pare wIUIMaTe BpeMe Aa Cr[ npeD{cBaTe nacilKr4 oT Trx B rlflir KyII Ter-paAKlr, no-go6pe cr4 r{s6eper€ Ap}Ta reMa.

n/.2.3. Kapmomerca Ha npoqemequme saaltaaufl

VlsNrexly Bcr4qKr{ Br,rIoBe KaproreKr{, Ta3r4 e uail-uytatama:Tt BKJrror{Ba Qlluonere, B Kor{To cre or6erfl3anu ecwawr 6u6-nlrorpaQcxr,r AaHHrd Ha AaAeHo 3aruraBtrre, [pepa3Ka3 Ha nafr-BZDKHOTO B HeIO, KJIIOqOBI4 qI4TaTtr{, OTIeHKI,I, Ua6nrOgeUrU.

Bcrqnocr resu QruroBe ca pa3Brdrve sa 6v6m,rorpalfcrul-rc Qnurone, 3a Kor4To roBopr4xMe s III. 2. 2. lloclegurreBKJIIoqBaT caMo [oJre3uwre 6v6t:r,rrorpaQcKrr AaHHvr. Ha AaAe-HO 3arJraBr4e, [oKaTo Te3r{ 3a [poqeTeHr4Te 3arJraBr4fl cbAbp-.x€T BCr4qKM \aHHW OTHOCHO CbAbplr€HrdeTo Ha OTAenHr{TeTpyAoBe, nopaAr4 Koero rpa6ea Aa ca ",nHozo no-eolernu.Moxe Aa rd3noJrsBare JrrdcroBe cbc craHAapreu <[opvrar, Han-pr4Mep A5, wnu Aa crd ro r43Mr,rcJrr4Te BXe, Ho rro [pr,rHrlr4rr pa3-MepbT e To3r4 Ha cTpaHr.{qa oT TeTpaAKavrrr[ Ha rroiroBr{H Jrr4cT

3a rrrdrrreqa Marrrr{Ha. .{o6pe e Aa ca or KaproH, 3a Aa pa3Jn{c-rBare rro-JrecHo KaproreKara cr{; Bbpxy (frura rpa6na Aa Mo-x(ere Aa n[rxere c rrr{caJrKa ranlr Qnyvracrep, 6ee Aa Br,r ce pa3-Tr,Ma m pa3Ma3Ba Macrr4Jroro. Crpyrrypara ua rarnu Qrur

1,54

IV. 2. (Dnurose l.r 6erexrr

rpa6na Aa 6bAe rroBeqe rlJrrt rro-MaJrKo KaKro Ha npl4Mepr{Teera6rraqureT-14.

Hurqo He Brr npeqr4, Hanporr{n, x(eJrareJrHo e 3a BaKHr{TesaruraBr,rrr Aa r4Mare rroBeqKo Quruoee, pae6rpa ce, go6pe HoMe-pvpaHr . Bcerr or rrx rqe cbAbp)Ka onpeAeneHr{ cbKparrleHrlr,HacorrBalqu Bt{ KbM BDKHI4Te MeCTa B KHI4raTa.

Teelr QuuroBe ca rroJre3nr{ 3a KprlTrdqHara Jrr{Teparypa.He 6ux rll rrperropbqaJr 3a r{3Boprrre, KaKTo Ber{e Ka3ax B

HATIAJIOTO.

I4pra vsoro Haqtrnv1 rro Korrro Moxe ga Qururpare AaAe-Ha KHr4ra. 3asvcu Id or rraMerra Brz., Ha Hgxofr IrM crtlra Kpar-Ko nocoqBaHe, Apyrr4 cr{ npenrrcBar BcrdrrKo. Oltfiaaimvrflt Ha-qI{H e creAHld.flT:

a) moauu 6ufutuozpalcrcu dauuu, rro Bb3MoNGocr rro-rrbJl-Hr4 or re3r4 BbB Quurosere sa 6v6nworpaQwara - TaM Te Br{

cJrlDKar, 3a Aa orKprlere HrKos KHrrra, AoKaro Qrrntr ga npo-qeTeHa KHr4ra Bu rro3BorqBa Aa roBopr4Te 3a Hefl. v ila fl. t\rt"w.-pare. Koraro npenrexnare Qnru Ha nporrereHo 3arJraBr4e, BceeAHO Abp)rildTe KHr{raTa B pbrleTe cu, Mox(eTe Aa crd [poqeTe-TC BCI4IIKI,I Bb3MOXHI{ WHTILKA\ILIA, EA BfiAVlTE 6PON TTA CTPA-

HIrJJJ'dTe, HA r.[3EAHr,[flTa I4 T.H.

6) dauuu sa a6mopa, aKo He e oco6eno r{3BecreH.y) tEamw< (arco ttcrcnme duue) npepa3Krc Ha KHuzama urtu

HA CmAmUflmA.r) o6wupuu 4umnmu, flocraBeHr{ B KaBtr{qK[, Ha nacilnrd-

Te, Kor4To cMJrrare Aa BKrroqr4Te B TeKcra na pa6orara cv (ar{ Ha MaJrKo noBeqe or rax), c roqHo rrocoqBaHe Ha crpaHrl-\ara r nv. Ha crpaHr{qrre. freAafrre Aa He o6rpxare rlr4Tar cnapaQpasa (rltx V. 3. 2.)l

a) aaw Ka/weHmap, B HarraJroro, cpeAara mKpafl Ha [pepa3-Ka3a; 3a Aa He u4 o6rprare c Ka3aHoro or aBTopa, uocraBererr4 B KBaAparsw cxo6t't il u orlBerere.

e) uocranere B ropHara qacr Ha Quura cbKparrleHr{e M:-l;M

IIBereH 3HaK, TaKa qe Aa ro cBbpxere c pa6orrurr crt nJraH; aKo

Qurutr ce orHacq Ao pa3nl,rrrHl4 Mecra or nilaHa Btr{, nocraBer€loBer{e cbKparrleHr{t; aKo ce oTrlacfl Ao TeMaTa Karo Ilqro, oT-6elexere cv vr roBaIIo IUIKaKrB HarIr{H.

155

IV. Pa6ornurr nJrau rd KaproreKrrpaHero

3a ga ne npoAbJDr€BaMe c reoprrJna, HeKa rrpr4BeAeM Hr-KoirKo npr4Mepa. TaKraea ca roMecreurl B ra6Jrr4rliT - 14.3arcHe crrrrguvrctffM, cr[. [ocJDDKr4x c $nuonere 3a Morra Ar{ruroM_na pa6ora, rwrca*a Bbpxy EcmemuqecKaflm npo6ten y TouaArcauucrcu. He e rasaHo, qe Moflr MeroA e uafi-go6punr: npoc-ro re3r,r lpuruone Br,r gaBar npr4Mep 3a eArdH MeroA, cBbp3au crlsrroJrsBaHero Ha pagJrrrrrHrl BrnoBe Kapr'oreKr4. II{e nrgrre, ueHe cbM 6r,rr ronrosa crpr{KreH, KoJrKoro Brd cbBerBaM Aa 6lge-Te BI4e. Jluncgar MHoro vrv4r,rKa\vrw., a Apyrrl ca nerrrmrr. HoHe e KagaHo, ve rpR6na Aa noBTapffTe rperrrKl4Te prr. He cnprnpoMeHrln Hr4To crT4Jra, Htrrro HardBHocrra. 3arosa norseafffenprdMepr4re sa roBa, 3a Koero crl ctppa. OcneH roBa rrprrBeAe_Hrrre [prlMepr,r ca KparKrl il He ce orHacrr go (fuuonere Ha oc_HoBHr{Te 3a Motrra reMa rpygoBe, flpil rax Qzmonere crr4rar Aodecem Ha 3az"4a6ue. Cera ga rra pasire[aMe eAr{H rro egrrH:

@wn Kpove - Crasarue Bbnpoc 3a KparKo fipofrBane, or3HarreHr4e nopaArd rdMero Ha aBTopa. Trfi xaro 6nx orrprl pe_IIeH3I4fi, IIpOCTO IpI,IJIOXUX eAHO nOKa3aTeJIHO MHeHr4e.O6npnere BHr4MaHr4e Ha KBaApatrute cro6r B Kpar: ABe ro-Ar4Hrd [o-KbcHo Har{cTr4Ha [OCTbIrr{x TaKa.

Qvm Euoudotutto - noJreMrdrreu Quru, He Kpr4erq ,Aa HaneoQrra, Koraro BuAm,qe reMara My ce npene6perna. Han-paBeH e, 3a Aa Me [oAcerrd Aa BKJrroqa B TeKcra 6elexra c no_JreMrdqeH xapaKrep.

Ql'rrut ftyn4 - ,[e6ena Kurrra, Ko.rrro npenreAax na6rpeo ceArdu rrpr4.rrreJr HeMerI, sa ga pae6epervr go6pe 3a KaKBo craBaBbflpoc. Hsuaue HenocpeAcrBeHa Bpb3Ka c pa6orara Mrl, Hocrd 3acJrlDreBarrre Ia ro IIrfTilpaM IIOA Jr]rHWr.

Qvna MapumeH - Arrop, qr4r4ro Qynaavrerraneurpyn IIs-tEcmao u ocoJxocmuKa Beqe rro3HaBax, Ho rrbK MaJIKO My Ce AO_BepqBax. Harpaa cl,t or6ergeax Aa He ce AoBepqBaM Ha rlrrrarrd-Te oT Hero, ocBeH CJIeA AOIrbJIHr4TeJrHa npoBepKa.

Qwl IIIeuy - Kpama crarv,fl, Ha Mnoro cepr4o3eH )^reH,HalrlcaHa no rBbpAe BDKHa 3a Morra pa6om reMa. llgsrr_Kox rlqrara noJre3Ha ruQopruraqrx. 3a or6erssBaHe e, qe roBae^Knau/rtecru clyrafr ga na6assHe Ha r43Bopr Or BTopa pbKa.ufl)eJrff3aJr cbM crd r4 KbAe Aa rr4 HaMepfl or ubpBa plra. flo-

156

IV. 2. (Duruose n 6e.nexKu

Beqe npr,rrrdqa ua lpuru c AonbJrBaHr4r KbM 6nbruorpaQrara,orKoJrKoro ua Qlrru 3a rpoqereH rpyA.

Qvrut Kyp4uyc - Baxrta Kr{rdra, or Her uu 6erue HyxeHcaMo eArdH naparpa<p. Erpsax r4 3aroBa npexBbpnl4x ocraHa-Jroro cbBcevr 6emo. 9erox rleJrrrfl TpyA cJreA Ar4nJroMr{paHeroctr{, no Apyr noBoA.

Otmt Maprc - I4nrepecua crurt ff, or Korro I,I3BrqKox KaK-BOTO MOX(eUre.

Qutu Cezoud - Henyxen ifuur. ,flocramuno vru 6eure, ea

Aa 3HaM, rre ra3rl KHr{ra He Mn Bbprrrld pa6ora.fope egrcro qe HaMepr{Te cbKparqel{I4t. Tavr, rtgero

cbM rrocraBr4Jr MaJrKr{ 6yrwr e cxo6r 6eure oqnereno. He eTyK Mrrcroro Aa Brd o6scnsnavr KbM KaKBo HacoqBar cbKpa-rrleHlrrra r{ rlBeroBere, Aocrarbr{Ho e Aa ga6erexere laarr[qv-CTO I4M.

\t.2. 4. Hayuaama cKporn nctn

He ce BneqarJrrBafrre or 3arJraBr{ero Ha naparpaQa. HeCTaBa BbIIpOC 3a MOpaJIHO-OTI,IqHI{ KaTerOpI4I,I, a 3a M9TOAI4

Ha qerer{e r <fnuupane.Crrypno cre sa6errsalrra,qe B eArrH or Qruronere, AaAeHtI

3a rrpr{Mep, a3, fipoxoxAarrlr4rr r43cJreAoBareJr, ce noAr4rpa-BaM Ha eAr4H rreH, KaTO My [paBff yHI4IrIOXildTeJIHa KptITtIKac HffKoJrKo AyMr4. Bce orqe cMrrraM, qe cbM 6lrl upan lr uecbM MorbJr Aa cr4 ro no3BoJrr, 3arrloro rofi 6e orAeJrr{JI HffKaK-F;yr crtt, oceMHafrcer peAa Ha e[r4H ToJrKoBa Bzt)KeH upo6neu.Bce nar roBa e KpaeH cryqaft r4 a3 BbrrpeKl,r BcI{sKo cu Qu-urdpax I,I B3ex [peABr/u r{ HeroBoTo MHeHIde. I4 ne cauo 3alqo-To e Hyx<tto Aa or6e[gsBaMe Bcr{rlKrr MHeHr4r, r4gKa3aHr4 rroHarllara reMa, Ho I4 3alrloro He e KaBaHo, ae uail-dodpumeudeu aqe uu 6udam nodcxasauu om nail-zoaeruume a6mopu.Cera qe Brd pa3Kaxe cJrfrafl c a6ara Bare.

3a ga pae6epere go6pe ucropwtna, rpa6na Aa BI4 Kaxa Ka-rcre Seure npo6reurr Ha Morra pa6ora r4 KaKBr4 6axa ryyq-Hocrr{Te Ha r4HTepnpera\wffa, Kor{To ue 6sxa cnpeJltl 3a oKo-Jro roAr4Ha. Trft raro npo6reumr HflMa KaK Aa rlHTepecyBa

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Peqensng na Nelson Sella, Esfetica musicale in S. T. d,A. (enxQrarua)La critica,1931, p.71

Th. Gen. (r)

Xganr eH[nraHr4ero, MoAepHocrra Ha ecreruqecrure y6e4geHur, c Korro creaa pas-rflexAa npo6n.Ho M[Haealaxfi ruM ce.T. Kpoue sanenea:

""'Bbnpocbr e B ToBa, qe HeroBuTe u$evSa Kpac[BoTo il 3a u3KycrBoro He ca norpeu-Hl4, HO Ca rBbpAe o6uln, earoea Moxe, B onpeAeneH cMl4cbr, Aa ce npneMar nnv Aace ofiBbptltr. Taxnea ca orHacflult4Te ce Ao qrlcrorara unu Kpacorara, HenopottHocm-ma, unt ctqapwencmaomo, tanu xapMoHuf,ma v f,cHomama, T. e. qucrorara Ha qtsero-eere. Tara I c Apyrara, qe KpachBoro ce orHacf, Ao nosna\ameAHama Moul; n AaKeAOKTpl4Hara, CnOpeA Koflro Kpacorara Ha rBopeHrero e nogo6ue ua 6oxecm^enamaKpacoma, cat4ecmayaat4a B netqama. ocHoeHusr MoMeHT e Qarrur, r4e ecreruqecKurenpo6nennra He ca ucrr4Hcru o6err Ha uHTepec sa CpeqHoaeKoBhero Karo uflno, Hr4Tosa ce. ToMa B qacrHocr, r{1414TO M14cflr4 Ca HaCOqeHh ,qpyraAe: orKbAero rABa ra3u He-KoHKperu3t4pauocr. Ero saqo pa6orure Bbpxy ecrernKara Ha cg. ToMa h Ha ApyrrrecpeAHoBeKoBHn aBTopl4 He ca nfloAorBopHl4 t4 ce qerar c AocaAa, Koraro ne ca ( ro6ilrHoeeHo ne ca) nanucaHn c npeAna3fluBocna n go6puaycer, c xorro cena e na-nilcan ceoRra,"

[o6opeanero Ha ra3u re3a Mox(e Aa Mr nocayx]4 Karo BbBexAaqa reua. 3aeupu:sa_qure AyMt4 xaro rnorexa].

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Biondolillo, Francesco St.Gen (0

"L'estetica e il gusto nel Medioevo", rn, ll otBreve storia del gusto e del pensiero estetico, Messina, Principato, 1924, crp.29

Snonflon nn o vm ga Kbcorfl eAoro F)xennan uan ctgo*flomexAau BbBeAeHuero, Bynrapu3aqns 3a Mna,qu Aylllu Ha AxeHrhnilaHcrrar Ayx. ,[aBr4Ar4M ffiaBara etpxy CpegnoBeKoBuero: ce. T. e pa3raeAaH B oceMHaAecer peAa.

,,|-lpee CpegHoBeKoBnero, c HaAMol{}rero Ha reonoruera, 3a qutro cnyrnHq e npueMa-

na QranocoQraf,ra... Bbnpocbr 3a xyAoxecTBeHocrra sary6ea 3HaqeHuero cn, npuAo-

6nro npu Apucrorel u flnornH" [nunca Ha Kynrypa unu neAo6pocbBecrHocr?l-lo He-

roBa BUHa unu no BilHa Ha o6pasoearennara cucreua?]flpogunxaeaMe HanpeA: ,,Crnranae Ao EaHre e 3pflna Bb3pacr, xotaro a Convivio (ll, 1) npr-nUCBa Ha 43KyCTBOTO qeau qeTupl4 3HaqeHrt [usnara regpuflTa 3a qeTilphTe 3Ha'{eHuf,,

npeHe6pereatrxr,r Qar,ira, qe oqe EeAa n noBrapfl; Hl4qo He aHae]...l4 ToBa qerBopHo 3Ha-

qe1ue BbpByt or,[anre u OTApyruTe, HaMhpa Ce e Eoxecm&ena xouegun, Kof,To, Hanpo-

T148, uMa xyAox(ecrBeHa crorlHocr caMo AoKonKoro npeAcraBnflBa qilcr t4 6esropucreH us-

pa3 Ha BbrpeuHvts My cBtn r ,[3nre ea6paar Bcut{Ko B cBoero BuAeHre".

[Fopxara lzlranun! 121 ropxunr EaHre, npeKapafl qflfl xl4Bor B rbpceHe Ha afleropuu' a

TO3t4 TBbpAl4, qe TaKt4Ba HflMa, AOpl4 ,,BflpB€InO Ce... qe Ce HaMupa", a rO HfMaflO' Aace nocor.ll4, qe cbu{ecrByBa].

* HanpaBneHue aue QnnocoQrnra, cBbp3aBo c nMero Ha AxoBaHn AxeHTnne 0 875 - 1 944), pa3rpaHnqaBa ce

or E. Kpove h ce npr4cbeAilHcBa KbM npeAcraBuTerure Ha Qaurncrrara nAeonormc. Hanucafl e BaxHn TpyAo-

ge e o6nacrra Ha - 6en. npee.

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Th,Gen.Lett. (r,b)

tlyecrenrenxocrra KbM ecrernKara e cbqecrByBana npeg CpeqnoaexoBuero !t npo-u3BeAeHUtTa Ha cpeAHoBeKoBHuTe noeTu cneABa Aa ce pasrnexAaT B cBernuHara Ha

rosu Qarr. Llenrpanno Mtcro B n3cneABaHero e cb3HaHnero, Koero roraBauHur noere Morbn Aa nMa ga co6crEexoro cu l43t(ycrBo.

BnxAa eBontoqus Ha cpeAHoBeKoBHt4R BKyc:

Vll r,t Vlll B. - xpucn4gHcKure AoKTpl4Hh nonaAar B npa3Hnre Qoptvtvt Ha KnacuKaralX n X e. - aHTur{Hl4Te cpxeru ce n3non3Bar 3a qen[Te Ha xpucrt4gHcKara erilKaXl e. - noRenBa ce xpltcrt4nHcKlttr eroc (nuryprraqHn npon3BeAeHnn, ,Knrt f,, napaQpa-

sta ra En6n]rRTa, npneMyqecrBo Ha oreugnoro)Xll S. - HeOnnaTOHl,t3MbT AOBeXAa AO no-xyMaHucTl4qeH norfleA KbM cBeTa: BCl4tlKo oT-

pasnBa Eora no ceou co6creeH HaquH (nto6oe, npoQecuotanxa Aevtxocr, npupoga).Pasetaea ce aneroprqHoro reqeHue (or An4yuxo Ao Buropnnu n nararux)XIV e. - Maxap 14 Aa npoAbnxaBa Aa cnyxlr Ha qbpKBara, noe3r4rra ce npeBpbqa orMopanHa B ecrewiqHa. Karro 6or ce pagKpl4Ba qpe3 cb3AaHrero, TaKa noerbr pa3K-

pnBa caM ce6e cu, Ml4cttl4, t{yBcrBa (Axrnnn, ,flaxre u r. H.)

Peqersun Ha KHurara uua y De Bruyne e Re. neosc. de phil,1938: reupAu, qe noAo6xopa3gensHe Ha eBonpquf,Ta Ha enoxta e HecurypHo, 3aqoro pa3nrqHure i rounonen-Tlt cbqecrByBar no BcRKo BpeMe [ToBa g HeroBara re3a or Etudes: flmncBa My ncro-pnqecKo r{yBcrBo, npeKareHo chnHo Bf,pBa e Philosophia Perennis!] Kynrypara nacpeAHoBeKoBHara aprlrcnlqHocr e non nQonu v na.

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DeBruyne Kpil1,1qBa fnync, sauoro He ce e cnpf,a Bbpxy Qopuannara HacnaAa ornoe3ugTa: cpeAHoBeKoBHnTe xopa ca uMallil MHoro xuBa qyBcTBuTenHocT' AocTaTbt{-

HO e Aa noMhcrltlM 3a noe3nflTa.

Oceen ToBa nnreparypHara eCTeTnra e 6una qaCT oT nO-O6qa ecreTilqecKa Harflacaga HeqaTa, KO9TO fnyHg npene6perea, TOBa e eCTeTuKa, B KO9TO CbXuTencTBaT nUTa-

ropoBaTareopaq 3a nponopUuume, aBryCruHcKaTa ecreTuKa Ha Ka.te1m$omO (mOdus'

species, ordo) n guonucueBa (claritas, lux). Bcnuxoro roBa e noAAbp)KaHo or ncuxoJlo-

rilRTa Ha Butropnnu t4 xpt4crl4lHcKl4fl cBerolreA'

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,,Signe et symbole"Revue Thomisfe, anpiln 1938, crp. 229

B xenanrero cl,t ea gaAu6oqeHo ]t3creABaHe no reMara (or Cp. Ao Anec), npeparaAa ce cnpe na: QunocoQcxa meopun sa sHaKaA pasMucAu sa MaearqecKutr 3HaK.

[Henonocuru, xarro o6nrxoBeHo: MoAepHu3upa 6es Qunonor[r: ero qe He ce no3oBa-Ba Ha cB. T., a na,[Noeann An Can Touaso!]Paseraa reopnrra xa ,ExoeaHu (Aa cu nornegna Qr,rua): ,,Signum est id quod reprae-sentat aliud a se potentiae cognoscenti" (Log. ll, P,21 ,1).,,(Signum) essentialiter consistit in ordine ad signatum"Ho snaxtm He BnHaru e o6pa*m u o6parxo (CraHur e o6pas, Ho He n 3HaK Ha Oreqa,BlrKbr e 3HaK, Ho ne r o6pae xa 6onrara). ,ExoeaHr npu6aeR:

,,Ratio ergo immaginis consistit in hoc quod procedat ab alio ut a principio, et in simil-itudine eius, ut docet S. Thomas, l, 35 et XCXlll' (???)flo rogu noeog MapnreH Ka3Ba, qe cnMBonbr e sxar-o6pas: ,,Quelque chose de sen-sible signifiant un objet en raison d'une r6lation presupposee d'analogie" (303)

floAcrasga Mr Aa norfleAxa St, De Ver.Ylll,5 m C. G. lll, 49.

CneA roea Mapuren pa3B[Ba uAeure cn oTHocHo Qoprrrtannran, nHcrpyMeHTanH[f,, npaKrr-qecKhn 14 T. H. 3HaKr sa 3HaKa Karo Marnqecrn am (rasr qasr uso6uncrBa c gorymerrn)EAea sararea 3a n3KycrBoro [no seve ce HaMupar oHe3H 3ararBaHus 3a Hecb3Harefl-Hure u Aun6oxr,r KopeHn Ha u3KycrBoro, Kor4ro no-KbcHo qe HaMepuM a Creative

. Intuitionl\ 3a qennre Ha eAHa uHTepnperaqlas Ha cB. Toua nHrepecHo e roBa: ,,Dans I'oeuvre

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d'art se rencontrent le signe speculatif (l'oeuvre manifeste autre chose qu'elle) et lesigne poetique (elle communique un ordre, un appel); non qu'elle soit formellementsigne pratique, mais c'est un signe speculatif qui par surabondance est viftuellementpratique: et elle-m€me, sans le vouloire, et d condition de ne pas le vouloir, est aussi

une sorte de signe magique (elle s6duit, elle ensorcelle)". (329)

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Chenu 2

lzl ero xu npra Torr,ta!

3a Hero, B cbrnacile c apa6ure (De ver.,14,1) I'imago e apprahensio quidditis simpticis,quae alio etiam nomine formatio dicitur (e / sent.,19,5,1 ad 7). [no roraaa e simplexapprehensiollll imaginatio npeBe)KAa apa6cxoro tasawor, u.qBaqoor surat (o6pas): os-HaqaBa n Qopua, or rnarona savara (Qopnr,rparra,), a cbulo pt4cyBaM u cxeaqau. [roeae.MHoro BaxHo, Aa ro norneAna ornoao!!!!]vdqor( xa Apucrorea craBa formatio: ga $oprr,rrapaMe Bbrpe e ce6e cn npeAcraBa 3aHeu{oTo.

3aroea e ce.T. (l sent.,8, 1, 9): ,,primo quod cadit in immaginatione intellectus est ens,,.flocne Apucroren c De anima BbBexAa h3BecrHara qeQraHuqua Ha QaHrasun. Ho sacpeAHoBeKoBnure QaHraens o3HaqaBa sensus communis, a imaginatb - virtus cogitati-va.

EAilHcreeHo Gundisalvi ce onurBa Aa Kaxe: sensus communis = virtus imaginativa :fantasia".

[Kaxea 6uprorun! ,[a npoaepn ecrvxo]

NA

o(D

oloovnx

LA

Chenu, M.D.,,lmaginatio - Note de lexicographie philosophique"Micellanea Mercati, Vaticano, 1946, crp.593

Th. lm. fant. (n)

Pagnrqnr 3HaqeHnR Ha repMilHa. l-lpenn Bcilr{Ko Ha aBrycrrHoBt4n:,,1m. est vis animae, quae per figuram corporearum rerum absente corpore sine exteri-ori sensu dignoscit" (rn. 38 or rosta De spiritu et anima, npilnilcBaH orqacrr Ha [4carAn Crena, orqacrn Ha Yro Ar CaH Bnrope ra Ha gpyru),B De unione corporis et spiritus xa Yro (PL, 227,285) ce roBopt4 sa cy6auuaquflma HaeAHa AaAeHocr or oce3aeua e pas6mpaeMa, Koqro r43BbptuBa imaginatio, Or rasr nuc-TilqecKa rneAHa ToqKa, npocBeTneHueTo Ha Ayxa h ArHaMnqHoTo cbeArHflBaHe Ha cu-nhre e HapeqeHo formatio. L'lmaginatio B ro3n npoqec na formatio ce ea6enggea ra y 5o-HaBeHrypa (ltinerarium): sensus, im.(:sg.trt'itas), ratio, intellectus, intelligentia, apexmentis. lm. ce HauecBa HanpaBara Ha pas6upaeMoro, o6err Ha intellectus, AoKarointelligentia, HanbrrHo t43ln4creHa or oce3aeMu Bpb3Kl4, nona,qa e intellectibileCuqoro pa3AeneHile npilnara u Soequu. Pas6upaeuoro e oce3aeMuflr cBflr, AoKarointellectibile e 5or, ngeure, la hyle, nbpBoHaqanara.Bnx Comm. ln lsag.Porph., l, 3), Yro gu Can Bnrope, a Didasc. noAeMa ra3u no3uqt4e.

,[,xran6epro gerna flope HanoMHn, ue imaginatio u intellectus or MHo3uHa ca Hapuqa-Hr opinio:raxa npaBil ,Qxynueuo Ae Konqec. lmago e Qoprr,ra, Ho noroneHa B MaTepil-sra, He vrcra Qoprua.

Tadnnaa 12

or{m 3A

IIPOIIETEIIT"vl

Curtius, Ernst Robert Th.genEuropiiishe Literatur und Lateinisches Mittelalter, Bern, Franke, 1948

B .{acrHocr rn.l2, nap. 3

l-onsua xnrra. 3acera mn rpn6ea caruo crp. 228

Onnrea ce Aa AoK€DKe, qe KoHqenllntra oa noesuf, B r.lqnoro it AocrotincrBo, pa3Kpt4-

eaqa cnoco6Hocr, gaAun5oqaBaHe Ha [cruHara, e6nna HenosHara 3a cxoflacruqure,AoKaro e 6una xuBa y Aanre n y npegcraBuren[re Ha qerupuHaAeceru eex [ryr enpael.V An6epr Bennrn HanpuMep HayqHurr uerog (modus definitionis, divisivus, collectivus)ce npol4BonocraBn Ha noervitlHr,rfi MeroA Ha 6n6nuata (pasrasu, npnrqr, rueraQopr).Modus poeticus Karo Hata-cna5nsr cpeg $unoco$cxure.[rua neqo raKoBa y ca. T., ga npoeepn!!!l]Vl nauctuna, ero qe Kypuuyc npenpaqa KUM ce.T. (1,1,9 ad 1) u ruu pa3rpaHuqasaHe-ro Ha noe3ilsra Karo infima doctrina! (anx Qnuoeere).Cxonacrnxara HilKora He ce e [HTepecyBana or noe3nflTa u HuKora He e cb3gaflaKaKBaro n Aa6uno noer[Ka [anpHo e 3a cxonacruKara, He u 3a Cpegxoeexoeuero]14 Hr4KaKBa reopilr Ha u3KycrBoro [He e enpno]. 3arpyAxnea ce Aa [3Breqe ecreru-Ka Ha fl[reparypara u Ha uso6pa3ureJlHtrre x3KycrBa t,t 3aroBa 6es cM[cun n 6egqen.flpucrgara e npoil3HeceHa e n.1 Ha crpaHuqa 229: ,,CueperueHHlrnT qoBeK HagqeHsaa 6esMrpKa il3KycTBoro, saqoro ezary6un t{yBcrBoro sa pas6upaenna Kpacora, ga KoRTo HeoftnaroHl43Mbr n CpegHoeeroBilero ca uMaflu MHoro tcHa npegcraea." Sero te amavi,

Pulchritudo tam antiqua et tam nova, xasea Aerycrnx na 5or (cp.,X,27,38). Tyr ce roBopr 3a

0\o\ FUA]Olrl

:r

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Kpacora, 3a Kof,ro ecrer[Kara He 3Hae nuqo [ga, a npo6nemur 3a yqacruero xa 6o-xecrBeHoro Kpacueo B xt4Bnre cuqecraa?], ,,Koraro cxonacruKara roBopl,t sa Kpa-corara, rfi e MhcneHa xaro arpn6yr na Eora, MeraQusnrara na Kpacueoro (eux l-ho-rnH) u reopusra Ha u3KycrBoro Hf,Mar Huu.lo o6qo eAna c Apyra" [erpno e, Ho ce cpe-t4ar Ha HeyrpanHuf, TepeH Ha reopilf,ra xa Qopuaral][BnuuaHue, ro3n He e Karo SuonAonrno! He nogHaea nnxou c6opxn QunocoQcrnTeKcroBe, Ho e qoBeK, xoraro e Haf,cHo c Heqara. Aa ce uurupa c yeaxenue]

[*,

Ta6nlrqa 13

olrm 3A

TIPOTIETEH

TPYA

tso\@ FU

FDo'roFJ!q

lqFl

:rFO

XD)foFla4(Dx

F](DHo

-"-*#-qfrF" ffiF

Marc 2

3.Kareropuure: CuqecreyBaHero B paMKure, B Konro ro rBbpAl4Me - u ro TBbpALtM B paMK[Te, B KO!4TO e.Crqnocr: uHAt4Bt4gyanu3aqur u r.H.Bpasrama

9pes npornaonocraBsHero u npnMupnBaHero Ha Bctar.tKtn npol4BononoxHocril ceAocrnra eAuHcrBoro. Toea, xoero e cKaHAanHo 3a Mucbnra ro BoAt4 Ao ct4creMara.

[sa usnoneeaHe Ha Hf,Kor4 TpaHcqeAeHTanH[ uAeh.

Aa BnAR V uAeUTe Bbpxy paAOCTTa il 3aAOBOTCTBOTO 3a rflaBara Bbpxy ecreruqecKoroBrxgaHe, sa Koero pulchra dicuntur quae visa placent]

3s.,

9(D

ol(D

odXs

o\\o

v

Marc, A. Th. Tom Gen Trasc(r),,La methode d'opposition en thologie"Revue Neoscolastique, l, 1 931 , crp. '149

Teoperrvna crarnt, Ho cbgbpxa none3Hu noAcKagBaHul.Touucrxara crcreMa ce ABU)KI4 B urpa Ha nport4BonocraBrHt4r, roqro i AaBa xuBor.Or nupeoHau€rnHara (npuuurueHa) rger ea cbqecrByBaHero (rugero Ayxbr 14 peanHo-To ce cpeuar B no3HaBarefleH aKT, xoriro Aorocea rasu Aer4crBnrerHocr, npeAu Aa rla

paegenn?), Ao mpaHcqegeHma Hume BvtxAaHur BbB B3auMHo npoTr4BonocTaBf,He:r4AeHThr{Hocr 14 pa3nuqHocr, eAuHcrBeHocr 14 MHoxecrBeHocr, Bb3MoxHocr u Heo6xo-Ar4Mocr, cbqecrByBaHe la HecbqecrByBaHe o6paeyaar E4uHcreo. Cur.qecrayaanero eorHouJeH[e c pa3yMa Karo BbrpeureH onilT Ha l4cruHara, B cborHoueHhe c LlcruHaraKaro BbHuHa xenarerHocr u .[o6pora: ,,une notion synthetique concilie en elle cesdivers aspects et r6vdle l'6tre relatif d la fois a l'intelligence et a la volonte, interieur etexterieur a I'esprit: c'est le Beau. A la simple connaissance il ajoute la complaisance etla joie, tout co me il ajoute au bien la connaissance: il est la bonte du vrai, le verite dubien; le splendeure de tous les transcendentaux reunis" - Llurar or Mapuren (154)

,[oraearencrBoro npoAbnxaBa c rast nnHVA Ha pa3BlaTne:

Crulecreyeaxe:1 .TpancqeAerannn2.Ananorun Karo KoMno3r4qr4n Ha MHoxecrBeHocrra Ha eAuHcrBeHocrra

,[eracreue v cnnaCuqecreyeane r cbulHocr [ryx e uxoro 6nugo Ao FpeHe unn o6parHo]

at*i: _-_ -_ ---:-F-- ra--.-1-

IV. Pa6ouruqr nJIaH u KaproreKllpaHero

iFo

=oYoo

oseoposI(!=osqc(Y)pocif=- i6o--o !bE *6

E o4-o.o s Eo5 E gE idtr-o- ro(l)F sspo- F=;iCD (I) Y

EP i* g-ixG,€s L ?; iBF€E IEg;gE fiH6sfl* BEro-c * - L (',

otfi =

o o oOrii O (D (D Oul *"cc S to rll

tFi{

e <HE T'.)H

= t!Fr<rd EO*g AHF170

IV. 2. Orruose u 6elexrca

BCI{I{KI4 BI4, NPOCTO IIIC BI{ KAXA, qE B CbBPEMEHHATA ECTETI4-

Ka cxBalrlaHero 3a Kpacr4Boro ce cMrra rro npr{Hrlr4rl 3a I4HTy-

IITtr{BHO, HO y CB. TOUa rareropr4rra rdHTyr4Tr{BHOCT He CbIrIeC-TByBa. Mnoro cbBpeMeHHr{ r{HTep[peTaToprl ca ce o[r{TaJrr4

AA AOKa)I€T, tIE IIO IIflKAKbB HAqI{H TOft BCE NAK TOBOPI4 3A I4H.'fyt4wrfl, Ho roBa rflxHoro e Fracr[Ir],le Ha[ TeKcroBere. oT Apy-ra crpaHa, MoMeHTbr Ha Bb3rrpr{eMaHe Ha o6errure y cr.Tovra e roJrKoBa Mtr{rHoBeH, qe He o6.flcH.fiBa ygoBorcrBrerooT ecTeTrqecKj4Te KaqecTBa, KoI4To ca MHoro cJIox<HtI, urpldHa npolopqr4r{, cboTHorueHr4e MexAy cbrrlHocTTa Ha Herrlarar/r HaqvrlJa, no rofrro KpacoTaTa opraHrd3r4pa }.laTepwffa vr T.

n. Peurenuero 6eure (u ro ompux Meceq [peAr4 Aa 3aBbpl[aAr4nJroMHara crl pa6ora) n rona, qe ecrerrrrlecKara HacJraAace BKJIIoTIBa B Aareq [o-KoMnJIeKcHr[g. alm Ha cbrcdeHuemo.Ho rosa cs. ToNaa He ro Ka3Ba c AyMrd rrpocrr{. Bce nar or Ha-qtrma, no rofiro roBopld 3a ecrerrdlrecKara HacJraAa HrrMa KaK

Aa r{e ce crrrne Ao roBa gaKrroqeHrde. A qecro rleJrra Ha rrH-TeprrpeTaTr{BHrrr TpyA e ToqHo Ta3r{: Aa Kaxe ToBa, KoeTo aB-TOpbT He e r43pa3r,rr eKclwrllrdTHo, Ho KoeTo He 6ff rdMaIo KaK

Aa He KaKe, aKo My 3agaAar Bbnpoca npflKo. C gpyM AyMrd:

Aa rroKax(eTe KaK, cpaennaailtxtt pa3JrrdrrHrr TBbpAeHr{q, Tpt6-Ba Aa rrcJre3e HaqBe roqno ro3rd orroBop. Amoprr Moxre AaHe ro e KaSaJI, 3aIrIoTo My e rd3Hre)KAaJro flcIIo uJrvt 3arrtroro,KaKTo e B cJr)ryar cbc cB. Tovra, Hr4Kora He e roBop[Jr crreqrd-aJIHO 3a TOBa, a CaMO MI{MOXOAOM.

Tara.re lruax npo6neM, a [porrereHara Jrr4Teparypa He MId

noMararue Aa ro pa3perua (r aKo B Mo.sra reMa rrMalrle Helqooprrrr4HaJrHo, ro 6erue rdMeHHo Bbrrpocbr r4 To3r{ orroBop,xofiro rpx6naure ra ce roJrfru).Ifgoxaro 6esyreruuo rbpcexAa orKprdr rpyA, KoftTo Aa Mrd noMorHe, orKpr4x Ha e[Ha cep-rrlfl. B llaprNr eAHo KHrDKJre, Koero npilBreqe BHrrMaHrderoMr{ c rroABbpgvrlra cu. Pagrucrrlx ro I4 orKpldx, qe e Ha nsrofrcw a6ar Bane, I4denma sa tcpacuaomo 6b6 QuocoQunma Hace. ToilaAKnuHcKu. (Louvain, 1887). Tona ro HrMarre B Hr4roegya 6v1wrorpalplu. Tosa 6e BropocrereHeH rpyA or AeBer-HaAecerr4 ner. Paa6rpa ce, Klmr{x ro (a n He 6erue crcn) r qo-Karo ro qerqx, pas6pax, rre BblpocHvgr a6ar [pocro noBTa-

17lI

_l

IV. Pa6o:ruusr rrJran rr KaproreKr4pauero

pr flpoqereHoro ryK-raM, 6e3 Aa e orKprdJr Herqo HoBo. AKorrpoAbJDKr4x Aa ro qera, ro 6e [pocro or ynopcrBo rd 3a na Hece tAocBaM, rle cbM xBbpJII{JI [apl{ Ha BfiT'bpa, a He oT ,,Hay-rrHa cKpoMHocr" (Helqo, Koero He [o3HaBax Bce oqe, [peAr4Aa npoqera raSrr KHr{ra, B KpaftHa cMerKa rrMeHHo a6ar Banece oKa3a roJIeMI{.rr MId ytlllTer). {ereftrr,r, orKp[x Ha eAHoMflCTO IOAMJTTaHe 3a Teopr4rTa Ha CbXAeHr4eTO BbB BpBKa C

Ta3r4 3a Kpacorara, a 6erue Iloqrr4 B cKo6r(, Ka3aHo BepoflTHoflopaArd HeBHr4MaHrde, 6es caurasr a6ar Aa cv AaAe cMerKa 3acrofrnocma vry. flpocnernenue! Oxpux ruroqa! I/I v.vr to[pe4ocraBr{ 6egnrururar a6ar Bare. Tofr 6eure rtoqrHar npe-AI4 cro roAtr{Htr{, guroft He cI4 ctIoMHtIIre 3a Hero, a BcbrrlHocr6vt urvLan Ha KaKBo Aa Haf{r4 qr{TareJrrdre cI{.

Tosa e Haf{Hara cKpoMHocr. Bcerr Mo)Ke [a Hr{ HafII,{ HaHerrlo. Moxe 6w :aue cMe roJrKoBa go6pr, 3arrloro yclrBaMe[a Hayrrr{M Herqo r{ or orre3r{, Kor4To He ca raKa go6pu xarosac.Wtw 3arrloro vrrogr/r., rofrro He rl3rJrerr(Aa oco6eno go6lpvtMa cKpt/rrvt AocroftHcrsa. Wnv rrbK 3arrloro, rofrro He e Ao-6rp sa eArdH, Moxe ga e go6rp 3a Apyr. llpruunure ca MHo-ro. I4crrnara e, qe rpr6ra BHr{MareJrHo Aa rr3cJrFxBaMe Bce-ruro, 6e3 ToBa Aa Hla oceo6ox(AaBa or npot{3HacflHero HaorIeHKa ga crofrHocrra Ha Ka3aHoro; rrltrr or rrpr{3HaBaHero,qe rofr pa3curqaBa Mrroro flo-pa3wrrrHo or Hac. Moxe Aa 3a-Bvtcvr or BpeMero, or ce3oHa, or qaca. Moxe 6lr, aro 6rx npo-qEJI KHIiDKKATA HA A6ATA IOAI4HA [O.PAHO, IIflMAIIIC AA YJIOB'loAcKa3BaHero.IL rofr eHae KoJrKo [o-freHr4 xopa or MeH caro qeJrrt, 6es Aa orKpr4rr B Hero Hr4rrlo rdHTepecHo. Ho or rasucirfrKa pas6pax, qe Koraro ce npaBr{ rd3cJreABaHe, ne rpr6raAa ce upene6perna Hrdnlo. Tona e, Koero HapruaM HafrHacKpoMHocr. Moxe Aa 3BytM JII4IIeMepHo, 3aIIIoro s ce6e cldKprre MHoro ropAocr, Ho He wsnaqaiare B MopaJrurd rep3aHll.tr:Hapeqere ro ropAocT [Jrr4 cKpoMHocT, KaKTo rdcKare, Ba]r(Ho-ro e Aa ro [paKTr{KyBaTe.

V. TIATII{CBAHE TIA AI4IIJIOMIIATA PAEOTA

V.1. 3a roro nuurere?

Ha roro roBopr4M qpes ArrnJroMr{uta ar pa6o.ra? Ha xayr-Hrrs. cr[. pbKoBoAr{Ten? Ha Bcr4rrKr4 cryAerrrrd r{ rr3cJIeAoBareJM,Kordro rqe r{Mar Bb3Mo)KHocr Aa r [oJr3Bar? Ha uluporara ny6-nuxa? 3a gumounara cr,r pa6ora rpr6ea Aa MrdcJrrme Karo saKHI4ra, KOflTO Iqe nOnaAIIe B pbrleTe Hafr/rrfrnr A)irrrrd r,ilIl4 KaToea pa6ora, [peAHa3HatreHa 3a receH iumAeMr{lren rprr?

Tosa ca BiDKHrr Herrla, Kor{To ce orHacrr npeAr{ BcrrqKo Aorr3pa3Hara Qopvra Ha Ar{[JroMHara Br pa6ora, Ho r4 Ao Bbr-peIIIHaTa tCHOTa, KOffTO t[CKATe Aa nocTtlrHeTe.

Hera negHara olpoBepraeM eAHo sa6rlDKAerfie. Vec'ro ceculra, qe reKcr, s roirro Heulara ca o6gcnenra tcno 3a rlcwn<yl,vr3r[cKBa no-HrrcKa [oAroToBKa Ha aBTOpa, OTKOJTKOTO Tp)A,.ru_,{To r{3pa3Hr{ cpeAcrtsa ca AocrbrrHrr ga ManrlrlHa. Tosa He e roq_Ho raKa. Pa:6zpa ce, qe orKpuBaHero Ha ypaBHeHrero na Aftn-rqafin E=mc2 e ISI4cKBaJro MHoro noBerle r4HTeJIeKT, orKoJIKo-To Harrr4cBaHero Ha nqrofr qyAeceH yuebnlrr no Qusura. Hoo6rKroeeHo reKcroBere, B KoI{To IB[oJBBaHr4Te repMr,rHrf Heca go6pe o6lurerua, nopar(Aar MHoro rroBeqe cbMrreHrdr or-HOCHO CrdrypHocTTa Ha aBTOpa, OTKOJTKOTO OHe3tr{, B KOT4TO aB_Topbr u3flcunBa BcflKo rrocoqBaHe vBceKM flacilK. Aro npoue_rere TpyqoBere Ha roJreMrfre weHl'dvrKpr4,fw\a, ule Br4AI4re, qeT€, C MtUrKtr{ I€K[rOqeHI4t, Br[HafI[III{ruaT flCHO yI He Ce cpaMy_Bar Aa o6.acfisar Herrlara AarKe Kprdrrdr{Ho.

Taxa qe Ar4nJroMHara pabora e rppl, rofiro no crerreHrrena o6crosreJrcrBara e npeAHa3uaqeH 3a HafrHrffi pbKoBoAr{-TeJr r,rJrr4 Kol.aucrrflTa Ho 3a rofrro ce [peAloJrara, rre rqe 6rgeqereH n 6r4erqe oqe or MHo3uHa Apyru, BKJrrotrr4TeJrHo orr{3cJreAoBaTeJrr4 oT Apyrr{ Arflctry4ilIlnnr/r.

Tara -re B Ar4nJroMHa pa6ora no Quloco Sut we e HIDKHoga o6rcurnare KaKBo e (fulocoQvn, utno B TeMa rro ByJrKa-HOJTOTUT KaKBO e ByJIKaHOJrOil4r, HO OTBbA Tegrr flc$rl. Herrla

I

J

172173

ule e Ao6pe BtIIrarId Aa flpeAocraBffre Ha ql{TareJlfi cI{ Hr,I(HId-

Te c[paBKI{.Ilpear BcIdtIKo cJIeABa Aa ce deqlunupam usnolsaaltutne

meprwuHu, OCBeH aKO He Ca eAI{IIOAyIIHO IIpI{eTI't C ToqHO O[pe-

n"ne"o 3narrel{Ide. B Alrnnouna pa6ora no <fopualna IrotvrKa

ne e "yr*tro

ga geilunupaM TepMr{H Karo ,,I4MrIJII4KaIuq" (Ho B

pa6od Bbpt rsciara;Nnrwri<aryt y Jlnuc rqe rpn6na Aa Ae-

,frurupavr pa3JII{Kara uexAY TflcHa Id Marept{am{a vturultrKa-

ius). B rer'ra no rJrwBvrcrvtKa He e r{DKHo qa o6n*rrnaM KaK-

"o " Eot.*a (no rue rpr6ea [a ro Hanpann, aro o6errrt Hav3-

cneABal{e e cxealqaHeio sa Qouerraa y.flxo6con)' Ho aro r cl-tqata pa6ota tto JII4HIBI{crI{Ka tI3[oJI3BaM AyMara ,,3HaK", HfiMa

Aa e nouro qa r ge<funtrPnM, 3aIrIOTo repMr{rrbr ce tI3noJBBa

purnrn"o. Tara 're b6ilIoro rIpaBI{JIo e: deQunupailme aor4tat

mepuuuu, fl6f6AU'4Lt Ce Klnqoqu 3a uslloilceHuemo 6u'-Ha

nropo M'sro, ne rpa6ea Aa Mr'IcJMTe, qe qtITa'reJUIT e

cBbprrlr{Jr cbllloro, Koero i swe. Aro reuara e Bbpxy Kanyp,*

Bb3MO)KHO e tMTaTeJUIT Aa 3Hae 3a Koro craBa Bbflpoc' -Ho aKo

"ra art"u- ga Oemaqe Kasarorff I{.aMa Aa e Jrollo Aa o6scrulte

Kora e )Ic{BtJI, Kora e poAeH, KaK e yt![p.uJl' [orato IMIrra re3ld

peAoBe, IIMaM nog plra ABe reMr{ or Qunolorruecrcl Qaxyrner,busam Bbpxy ,[xoeaH Earrcrl ,Alflperuv, Apyrara Bbp)ry

fll,rep Peftvron rco Cerlr An6en. V6eAen cbM, qe 14 cro npoQe-

copa no Qr.nononan ga 3anl/ffaM, eABa HI{Iqo>KHa qasr or rfl( Iqe

3rralr Aocrarbquo 3a re3ld no-Ir$HaqtrreJlHl4 aBTopI4' fltpnarareMa 3anoqna (nouro) c:

Vlcroptrnra Ha I{3cJIe[BaHI'rflra Bbpxy fSanan Eatucta AnApenull sa-

noqBa cbc cnl4cbK Ha rpyAoBere My' ct'craBeu ot Jleone Alauu, TeoJIor 14

epyl]Ir or rpbIIIoI rpou3xoA (Xnoc, 1586 - Prv, 1669), [orpl4Hecbrl 3a I{c-

Topr4flTa Ha rearbpa Id r.H.

C-awt ycerlare HeyroBoJlerBopeHl'Iero Ha qurarerq) raKa

nogpo6uo'un<foprurupan orrlocuo. Arautr, rofrro e I{3cJIeABaJI

Atq'p"t"t, sMecro stpr{y caMlln Anapemn' Ho - 6r Bb3pa3lln

-K**, K."r"o (1810 - 1861). Izl'ra.nnascxr't [t'pxaBHtrK' uttl19, PIl...:rasroi)i(iaHe na O6ear,rHega l/ftanvrs e cbl43Mepr4Ma c poJIflTa Ha Ha[II4t LTeqaH

Crdrvr6onos - 6en. pe1.

t74

V. Hauficsaue Ha AI4rIJIaMHara pa6ora V. 1. 3a Koro rrffiere

aBropbr -Angpeunn e HraBHoro Aeftcrsaqo JII4IIe B vrox tpyn!To.rHo raKa e rr qoM e HraBHoro qefrcmaulo Jlrqe, 3aflo3naft roBb3MoN(Ho naft-6npso c tII{TareJItITe cff, He pasw,rrafi Ha roBa,rre HafrHrrflT TI4 pbKoBoAtIT€Jr 3Hae rofr e. Tlt ne ru'Ilrerrr rII4c-

MO Ea HaYl}JJ{s Cr4 pbKOBOII,'4TeIr, A eAHa TIOTeHIIVAilHA KHtIra,aApecr4paHa Ao BctfrIKI4.

Bropara pa6ora 3atroqBa [o-yAarlHo:

O6err na HarrJero r43cJre[Baue e egrlu TeKcr, ny6nr,rrynaH nrn Qpanqr.rr

s 1747, Hattrrcan or aBrop, ocraBI4JI TBbpAe MaJIKo Apyrl4 cIIeAil 3a ce6e ctr

- llaep Pefivon Aro Ceur An6en:

Creg roero e o6scneno 3a KaKBo ce roBoplr B TeKcra I{KaKBo e 3HaqeHrdero vry. Tora vlvr ce crpyBa go6po HaqaJIo.

3uavr, qe Cerr An6en e xtIBflJI rlpe3 ceAeMHaAecertl BeK r{aKo HtMaM npeAcTaBa 3a Hero, cbM r{3BIdHeH, salrloTo e ocTa-BI4JI MaJrKo cJreArI ga ce6e cr,r.

V.2. Kax nrrrere

BeArrrx uIoM cre onpeAeJrI,IJM KoNry rlldrlrere (na xoparareo6rqo, He Ha Hay{Hr{r cI4 pbKoBoArreir), rpx6ra Aa pelrlldreKaK rrle [r4rrrere. Tosa e Hauc,T"MHa rpyAeH npo6nerur: aKo I{Ma-ule flCHI,I [paBI{JIa, BCI/t{KI{ Iq.ffiMe Aa CMe BeIIw<M III{CaTeJII4'

Moxe 6e e qixno [a lperrrdlrrsre AI{[JIoMHara cv. pa6ona nr-KOJIKO I7IDTrtLttJII[.IIbK Aa nilulele ApyII,t Helqa, npeAld Aa Ce 3aX-

BaHeTe c Hefl, 3aIIIOTO nIdCaHeTO e I{ BbIIpOC na tpenr,ftrr. BtSBCeKrL Cj.fjyli€lft MOra Aa Brd EaM HSKOJTKO MHOIO O6Iryl CbBera.

He cme llpycm. He rsnorssafrre gutru uspeuenur. AroTaKa Br4 BbpBrd Mtr{cbJITa, Ha[[IrreTe rI4, Ho rIocJIe rI4 pa3AeJIe-

re. He ce flpr4Tecrursailrc ABa rlbrld Aa [oBTopI,ITe rIoAJIora,ne norssallTe npeKaJleuo MHoro MecroldMeHilfrvnoaqr HeHurdspeqeHr{fl . He nr,trrrete:

fluaHusmt BurremqarZH, 6par na rl3Becruurl QrnocoQ, HuIIII4ciu Ttuctatw

Logia-Philosoplias, cunrant [Hec or MHo3IlHa sa Bpbx na sbBpeMeHHata Qu-rocoQna, r4Mtur ilIacrr4ero aa 6txe Hanrlcan 3a Hero or Pasen Korlleprbr 3a

JrrBa pbKa, cJreA Karo sary6un Mcrlara ctr uts sofiHata.

J

175

flo-cropo Harrr{urere raKa:

flnalorcrbr Brrrenuarin e 6par na QnnocoQa JIyAnur. Trli r<am sary6rurg.acnara cr4 prr<4 Panen Harrrrcar sa uero Kourlegr 3a Juraa pbKa.

Wnw

Iluanrcrtr Brrreuqails e 6par na rlraocoQa Burrenrqafiu, aBTop Har43Becrnr4r Tractatus, flrauuc-rrr BrtreHrqafin sary6rn AflcHara cr4 pbKa.Ilopaaz msa Pager Hanr4ciu 3a Hero KoHqepr 3a rqBa pbKa.

He nlfluere:

Itlpmygcwur flrrcareJr ce orKa3zur or ce]reficrso, orpqecrBo ,r rIbpKBa r4

BflpBiur B [pe4o[pegeJreHr4ero o{. 3a nero He Mo)Ke Aa ce Ka:Ke, qe e 6}rn no-rrrrwlwKn auttunlpau, MaKap rrrrKorr Aa ca nuc.anyt qe r4Miur Qa6rancrra*vurll cot1r'l.umcil4rrecKr4 ,,yKlour4". Koraro ra6yxna Bropata cneronna nofrna,toi ce oru,nsa ,r3rlrJro ga npelre6perHe ApaMar4 pasrbpcBarqa Eopona, u e

3arproKen e[r{HcrBello or 3aBbpruBaHero Ira cBoffTa noqegna rnop6a.

Hurora He nl4ruere:

!,xoftc ce orKa3Ba or cervreicrso, oreqecrBo r4 rIbpKBa. Bapnan nnpeAo[peAeJrenr4ero cr4. Ctc curypnocr He MorKe Aa ce KauKe, qe,qxoftc e

,,auraxl4paH" flr4careJr, MaKap qe n tror{ ca cKIIoHHn Aa elaArr,q]Koftc raroQa6naneq v ,co\naJntsr". Koraro us6yxna Bropara ceeroana nofiua,,{xofic ce onr4TBa }r3qrJro ga npene6perne ApaMara, Korro pa3TbpcBaEnpoua. ,[xofic ce 3aHr4MaBa eAr,rucrBeno cbc,3aBtpurBanero Ha cBoflTarrocneAua rnop6a.

Ergete raKa Ao6prd Aa He rrrlruere, MaKap Aa rr3urexga,,no-JlrdTepaTypHo":

Koraro ll{orcrayeen rcBopr4 3a ,;pyilvf , rurMa rrpegBr4A cepnlra saIllron6epr, rrr4ro Aopr{ Ta3u na Be6epn. Hevcrc,rqr lury3r{KaHr, rocraBeH upe[neo6xoguuocrra Ea He [oBroprl HrKor or ABaHagecerre Horu, flpeArr.qa 3a-

6;;ffi - noJrnfl4qecKo revenn_e. c- pe<fop]4ncrKo-cour4aJrrrcrr.tr{ecKx yK-JIoH, 3apoAr4Jro ce s AHrrl.ra B KpaJr Ha XIX n.--'6en. npen.

176

V. Hanucsaue Ha Ar4[JraMnara pa6om V. 2. Kar nr{ilrere

Br,prrrrr cepr4-rlTa, ue 6u ro nprreJr. Tosa e ctIrloro cxBaqaHe 3a ,,cluster", ro-erc e crpyKrypHo rro-perKpenocl€so or ceprfftra. Or gpyra crpaHa, ropr{ rr ca-

vuar Be6epn ne cJreABa crpomTe flpaBr4Jra Ha avropanaO4ettettnm om Bap-

ttnaa, Cera aBTopbr ua Maumpa orr4Ba,qocra flo-AaJreq. 14 rolroro [o nbp-Brr{, HyJ{<tIo e Aa ce [paBr4 pa3JrrlKa Mex,qy pa3rr4qHrrre r[asu narBopqecrBoro rvry. Kasra ro u Eepuo: He Moxrc To3r{ aBlop Aa 6tAe c)Garrlar{

KaTO,qorMaTurreH rlprrBbp)KeH'lK Ha cepr4aJrr43Ma.

3a6ersssare, se or egrln MoMeHT HacerHe Beqe He e flcrro 3aKOrO Ce rOBOpr4. HrrO unr e JroudqecKrd rr3[bpxGHo Aa AeOr4-Hr4paMe aBropa, r{3rroJBBafrKr4 eAr{H oT TpygoBere My. BqpHo e,qe KprrTrrrlr{Te, 3a Aa He [oBTapflT HelpercbcHaTo Mangsouu,Ka3Bar,,aBTOpbr na fdeuu4ume". Ho aBTopbT ua fodeuu4umeHe ce flpenoKpr{Ba rd3rlrJro c flr{careJur ManAsoHn: Aoprd, B on-peAeileH cMI4cbJI, MON(eM Aa KilKeM, rre r4Ma qyBCTBUTe[Ha pa3-Jrr4Ka Me)r{Ay aBropa Ha rodeHu4ume 14 aBTopa ua Adetnt, l/la-Kap Aa ca l1rarr'rcaHrt oT e[r{H r4 cbrrlrd qoBeK. 3arona 6m npe-HaIIUCIUI rOpHI,It IIaCo)K TaKa:

Koraro Illoro<ay:en roBoprr 3a ,,rpy[[", HrMa rrpeABr4A Hr{To ceputrrana Illron6epr, Hr4ro ra3r4 na Be6epn. Illorxayseu, r43npaBeH npeg neo6xo-

AT4MOCTTa Aa He [OBTOpr4 HflKOr OT ABaHa[eCeTTe HOTr4, npe[r{ [a 3aBbprrrr4

ceprttna, ne 6r ro npuel, Toua e fi,Iqoto cxBaulaHe 3a ,,cluster", Koero e

crpyrflypno no-cno6o,quo or roBa sa cepilfl.Or gpyra qpaHa, Eopv t Be6epn He cJrelBa crpon{re npaBrrJra Ha

Illrcu6epr. A Il{orcayseH orr{Ba ro-AaJreu. II{o ce oruacl Ao Be6epn, nyx-Ho e Aa pa3rpanfiqilM pa3rrrrrgr.rre rlasr na HeroBoro rBoprrecrBo. 7I Eeproe qbrJlaceu, qe He MoxeM Aa Mr4cJrrlM sa Be6epu Karo 3a AorMarr4qen nprl-BbpxeI{I4K Ha Cepr4rTa.

He cme e. e. KblnuHeo Krrvrrnrc e ulMeprrKaHcKrd [oer, Koft-TO Ce nOATII{CBACI|.dHVTTMaj'irI,TlrStryr}AErd c MaJrKn 6yrnr. W,paz-6wpace,rr3rroJr3Ba roqKrfre r4 3a[erafrKrfre MHoro yrvrepeHo, Ha-r(bcBa gfrD(oBeTe, IEo6Iqo npaBl4 BcrdrlKo TOBa, KoeTo eAI4Hrroer-aBaHrapArdcT Moxe vrpfl6BaAa npaBrr. Ho sl4e He cfe IIo-errd-aBamapMcrfi. Aopr r4 reMara Br aa e Bbp)ry aBaHrapAHa-Ta noe3rffi. Aro nrurere Bbp)ry Kapanagxo, KaKBo, rqe pr4cyBa-

12.Kax ce nfirue Ar{[noMHa pa6ma 177

:i1

4

V. Hanucsane Ha U4[JriMHara pa6ora

r€ Jrrd? Taxa ue, Aopr r4 Aa rurrrere Bbpxy ifyryprcrlme, HrMaAa nr{[rere Karo ibyr]?rdsr. ToBa ca BDKHTI Herqa, 3arrloro AHecMHo3I4Ha ce onlffBar Aa npaBtr ,,6ynrapcrr,r reMI{", B KoI(To Hece 3aqrdrar npaBllJlara Ha Kpr(TI4rIHoro t{3Jlox(enue. Ho e3ldKbrHa AtInJIoMHara pa6ora e /netnae3uK, T. e. roBopr{ ga Apyrrl esr{-qr. flcruoramp, KofrTo rrr4rrre 3a 4yruenno6oJrHr4Te, He rurrreKaro AyrxeBno6ones. Bue vroxe Aa cre y6egenr - r{ To c ocHo-Ban:,.aLe - qe caMo AyrilesHo6oJrHr4T€ ce rd3pa3rBar raKa Karoorpr6na. Ho npu roBa noJroxeHr,re r{Mare ABe Bb3MoxHocrrl:uilm \a He ru{rrrere Ar4mroMHa pa6ora u \a ce orAa,qere Hatrpr{-Mep Ha cBI4peHe Ha KI4Tapa; I/finf. AA HalIdIIIeTe AI4IUIOMHaTa CId

pa6ona, Ho roraBa rqe rpa6na ga olncutne Ha BcrdrrKrd 3arqoe3rdr(br Ha AyrrreBuo6omrme He e esrdK Ha ,,rryw(' r4 3a Aa roHanpaBr{Te, qe r:pa6na Aa [oJBBare Kpr4rr4qen Mgrae3I{K, pag-bupaerur sa Bcwtwr. flcengonoerrr, rogr,r xofiro rrr4rrre Ar4flroM-ua pa6ora B crro(oBe e nsrofr HerrlacrHr{K (nepomno e rd Jro[rnoer). Or,{arne Ao Enlrlr r,r or Emasr go Canryr,nrerrd aBaH-rapAHrfre nogrtr{, KoIaTo roBopsT 3a floesrnrTa ca, ce r43pa3flBaTB npo3a rd ro cbBceM scso. Hraro rrbK rrr4rrrerr[4rr sa pa6onnr-qr,ne Maprc e [paBrrJr roBa Karo pa6ouum or cBoero BpeMe,firrcaJre Karo <plorocoQ. Koraro flurrre, 3aeArro c Enrelc, Mauu-Qecma or 1848, r43rroJrcBa ny6rnrqucuaueH, BecrHr4Kap cKr/r crrr:n,HaKbcaH, crdJrHo emAeficrBaul, [poBoKarr4Ben. Ho He roBa ecrrdJrbr sa Kanumaabm, ilpeqnagHaqen 3a r4KoHoMrlcrr,r r4 rro-fi,rr.rltrlt. He xassafrTe, qe cre noer tI qe He Mo)Ke Aa ce rroAqir-HI4T€ HarSr4CKBaHrd.flTa Ha rurocKrrr r4 orpaHrdlleH MeTa$I4K HaKpldrldKara. Bue me noer? Torasa He ce Ardrf,irour,rpairre! Mon-tare* He ce e [rfirnow{paJr r{ ToBa He tury flperol Aa e BeJMKnoer. laga** (AunnovupaH rlrDKeHep) rrmre, KaKTo cilrrwrrre,c MHOrO Ar{aJreIotI3MI[ I4 CTT IIJ,ICIYfqIHII, [peqyrrBaHilt, HO KOra-To My ce Huuroxr4 Aa rMrxe grarr[fl., rc flpaBrd flcmo vr pas6upae-Mo 3a Bcwlrr/t I4 Mosrane, Koraro rurrre Kpr{TIdKa, r rffItreTaKa, qe BcrrrrKr4 ga ro pas6epar, BKJrrovr4TeJrHo nepas6upaqr-Te noe3r4rTa My.

--ii,i"r*re, -"yA-*ro 1r8vo - ty61). viratnraucxvnoer aBaHrapAr4cr. - 6en. peA..**la,qa, Kapno (1893 - 1973). llrannancxtr poMaHxcr, pogoHaqarHnK HaeKcnpecr,rBHoro HanpaBJreHr4e B r,rra.rrr4aHcKara rrpo3a. - 6en. pen..

178179

V. 2. Kar flrr[rere

Ilo-rtecmu,trco npu1aeeaiime do uoe ped. Koraro e seo6xo-AI4MO, KOtaTO IO I43I{CKBa TeKCTbT, HO KOJTKOTO IIO-qeCTO,ToJrKoBa no-go6pe.

ITutueme 6cr.t tKo, Koemo Bu rnuHa\a npu z/Ia6ama, Ho ca/no6 nbpaoHaqa/rHama pedaru,ryn. Ilo-rrcso n1e sa6elexr4Te, qeycTpeMbT Br4 e OTAaJreqrdJr oT ocHoBHaTa HrIrUKa Ha TeMaTaer4. Torasa qe r{3xBbpnrrye c:tpaHvrqHr4Te Herrla or reKcra r4

IrIe rr4 nocraBr{re s 6ereilcKn mrw Karo npurroilceHue (yvx).I{enra Ha Ar{nJroMHara Br4 pa6ora e Aa AoKilr(e Qopr"ryiurpi-HaTa B HaqaloTo Te3a, He Aa IIoKa)Ke, qe 3HaeTe BcI,trIKO.

I4snotseailme HayqHun cu pw<oeodumerx Kamo onumuo sart-ve. Tpn1ea Aa Ha[paBI{Te raKa, .re rofi Aa fiporrere nbpBr4rerJraBrd (a uocreuenHo rr rleJrrdf, rercr), MHoro [peAr4 Aa [pe-AaAere pa6oram cr,r. HeroeltTe peaKrlrlrd rrle Br4 6rgar or uon-ga. Aro roil e 3aer (lrru rwrpsenun), rsnolssafrre nmofi npra-rren. llponepere AaJfir. Apyrrttre pas6upar roBa, Koero rrtr{ure-rc. He ce npeAoBepanailre Ha ce6e cu.

He ynopcmeailme da sanortHeme c nbpsama e/ra6a. MoxeAa cre no-go6pe [oArorBeHr4 vrEavrware troBeqe Marepr{aJr 3aqerBbpra HraBa. 3anoqnere or Hefl, crc cuoxofrcrnlrero naqoBeK, HanrcaJr Berre npeAI{rrrnr,ITe uraBl{. Tara rqe cr6epereKypDrL Pas6vpa ce, rpr6na Aa rrMare onopa vrrasn onopa ecbAbpx€Hrdero Karo rrJraH 3a pa6ora, xoftro Br{ BoArd or ca-Moro Harraro (nrx IV. 1.).

He usnorceaiime nuoeomovr.tfl u ydueumetHu, He odsen-aaiime upoHuqHume wpa:tu. Moxe Aa roBopr4re cpeQepen4u-areH uJrw c QuzypamuleH eswK. llog peQepeuqrarei eeurpas6rpau e3rdK, rrprr rofiro BcrdrrKrd Herrla Ca napeuenncwafi-qecro ynorpe6.rnaHoro rdM HagBaur4e, roftro e npusnar orBcrr..lKrr, roftro He rrpeAJrara rBycMr{cJrraqu. ,,Brarri Beneqra- Mtrfirano" rroKa3Ba peQepenqraaJrHo roBa, Koero ,,CrperaraHa JraryHara" Htr( Ka3Ba lfrryparrnuo. Ho rosN [pr4Mep Brr Ae-MoHcrpllpa, qe vr ilplt ,,AeJIHI,rrrHuta" Kor{yl{trKallldff Mox(e Aace rr3[oJr3Ba orrracrrd QuryparrneH e3rdK. Kpuruvecrra crarrlat,r HafrHrr reKcroBe rpa6na ga 6rgar ilficanu xa pe(pepenqr-aJreu e3r,{K (c.go6pe ge$vmupanv r4 eAHo3Haruro ynorpe6xna-rrr4 repMr,{Hu), no rrbK Mo)Ke Aa e rroJresna yuorpe6am ryr-

I

V. HanucsaHe Ha ArrnJraMuara pa6om

TaM Ha HrKOr Meraoopa, mpoHvLfl, Jrr{Tora. Ero nr,r eAr4rr pe-

QepenquareH reKcr, cJreABaH or rpaHcKpvrrr,l/rrTa My c [oHo-cuvrr <[nryp arrrB:al,r' trspa3tr.

Pefuepen4ua,teH sapuaHm.

Kpacuononcr<ra He e Muoro npo3opJrr4B TbJrKyBareJr Ha rBoprrecrBoro

ua lauwewl Herosara r4HTepflperaqr{fl, trsBa)KJ1.a na 6sl cBtr HeIIIa, Kor{-

To aBropbr BepoflrHo He e r4Miur HaMepeurre Aa KaKe. IIog ,e a sera mirarle nuvole" (r aeuep ga ce nro6ynana na o6naqure), Plrq pas6upa o6[rHose-Ha netigaxua Aelroraqr{s, roKaro Kpacuonolcru Br4x,qa B ToBa cr,rMBoJrr4-

rreg r{3pa3, [oAcKa3Barrl fioerrlirecKara Aeinocr. He rpa6aa [a BqpBaMe Ha

Kpr4Tr4qecKara HaxoAqr4Bocr na Prq, Ho cbrrloro BaxlnvL sa Kpauronorcru.Xrrrrru or6eaasoa, qe ,,AoKaro Puq usraexga Karo ryprrcrl4rrecra 6poruy-pa, ro Kpacuo[orcKn 3Bfm Karo trpotroBeA npes BeJrr4KleHcKv ilocrv." 14

Ao6ass :,,Haucruua gnava nep (perr uv rprtnurlu" .

(Dueypamueerr lapuaHm

He crrae y6egeur, ue Kpacuouoncru e uafi-upour4qareJrrrr{rr r{Hrepnpe-

rarop na,[arr ema. Or Haqvtna, no xofiro trere crrlxoBere Ha rroera, qoBeK

ocraBa c B[eqarJregnero, rre Hacr4JrBa pbKara rr,ry. Crrxrr ,,e a sera mirar lenuvole" (r,r nevep ga ce arc6ynau na o6naqr,rre), Prrl pas6lrpa raro o6nr-HoBeHa nefrsaxca Aeuorarlut, AoKaro Kpacnonolcrra HarllcKa cuMBoJII4lI-

Hvrr. rre4ur 14 Br4xAa B Hero ilrro3rnl 3a rloerr4qecKara .qeigocr. He qe Prqe (peuoveu Ha Kpr{rr4lrecKara MrlcbJr, uo r KpacuouoJrcKrl He rpa6na ga ce

[pl4eMa Karo MaHHa He6ecHa. Karro rasea XuJrrbn, aKo Pr4rI rr3urex,qa

Karo rypl4crr{rrecra bporuypa, ro KpacHonoJrcKr4 38) {lr Karo flportoBe[ aoBpeMe Ha BeJrrrKIeHcKr{ rrocrr4; ABa [pr4Mepa ea ueprfernra Kpr4rr,rKa,

Bm<gare, qe [pr4 BToprrfi Bapr4arrr ca rBnoJBBaHr4 pa3JrruHr{peTopr,Ffirrd ourypr. flpegr BcrdrrKo Jxulrnma: Eat<a)Ksre, Lre He

cme y6edeHu, qe eArd-Koit cvt e [poHrdrlaT€JreH rdrrTepflpeTaTopo3HaqaBa, rre Brre cre y6eAeHr4, qe rofr He e ilponar\ane[teH I{H-repnpsrarop. flocre vr4aar rtemaQopume: HacrdJrBa N4y pbKara,Harr{cKa cr4MBoJrrdquws. neqarr. IzI orqe, Aa KDKerrr, qe Prq se e

lfenonaen Ha Kpldrr4qecKara MrdcbJr o3HarraBa, qe rofi e [ocpeg-

180

V. 2. Kar flrurere

crBeH r{rrrepnperarop (tumoma). flpra npu6xrnaHsro Ao ry-pr,rcr?rlrecKara 6ponrypa rr [po[oBeATa lro BpeMe Ha BeJrrfi(AeH-cKrr fiocrrd craBa Ayl!(a 3a ABe cpanHeHufl, AoKaro na6rnogerule-T0, qe ,{ ABaMaTa aBTopId ca oTJrrdrrHrd Kpr4Trrrp{ e [pr4Mep 3aupoHu"fl" Ka3Barrr eAHo, 3a Aa ce pa36rrpa o6paTHoT0.

Peropuunure $r,Iqprd vrlfi4 ce rl3[oJr3Bar, yrlrr/r.He ce I&[oJI-gear. Koraro ild yfiorpe6rBare, r4gxoxAare or [ocraHoBKara,qe qr4TaTerrT IIIe CXBaHe 3a KaKBO CTaBa Aylv{a Id qe rlo To3rdHaqr{H r3Jrox(eHrrero craBa flo-ocrpo wydeytnelHo. TaKa qene rpa6ra Aa ce crecHrBare rd ne mpa6aa da eu o1suweame.Aro npegnoJrarare, qe qr4Tarerqr Bvr e u1nor, He noJr3BafiTepeTopr4rrHr4 Qurypr, Ho aKo rr4 rr3rroJr3BaTe, oorcHfiBaiIKt/r. tu,gHaqr{ Br4e ro npaBrlTe Ha rrAr4or. Toft nrr qe Brd orMbcrtr{,KaTO 3anoqHe Aa pa3[paBr, rre r4[r,IoT'bT BCbTIIHOCT CTe Br{e.Ero rar HrKor ruraxa ru{rueula Altn 6n ce orrrrraJra Aa Hey-Tp a Jretsrr:pa v. vrsBrrnrr ynorpebara Ha p eropr4qnr Qurypn :

@uzypamuaeH napuaHm c edHo Hayrn.

He cue y6egenr, ve KpacuonolcKr4 e.., naii-upoullqarelur,nr cpeA r,rH-

repflperaropr4re ua ,{aure.rrr. C npovura cv Ea opr{il4Hiurur4rr reKcr,ocraBr B[errarJrenl4ero 3a lIoBeK, rofrm... HacfirrBa pbKara ua anropa. Crr-xbr ,,e a sera mirar le nuvole" (u nevep ga ce .nro6yaav ua o6laqute), praq

pas6rpa raro o6urnoseua,,nefr saxna" geuoraqna, AoKaro KpacuonolcrraHaTr4CKa... CI4MBOJrr4qHI4fl [eAaJI r4 BrDKla B TO3r4 CTI4X anto3vrfl 3a [OeTI4rIeC-

rara gefiuocr. He qe Puq e,., Qenoven Ha Kpr4Tr4qecKara Mr4sarr, Ho r{Kpacuononcrr,r... ne rpr6na [a ce flp]reMa Karo MaHHa ue6ecua! Karro or-6eaassa Xmrrn, AoKaro PnrI [srrex1a Karo... Typr4crr{qecKa 6pourypa,Kpacuonolcrcr 38) rI4 Karo,,. [porroBeA rlo BpeMe Ha BeJrrrr(AencKr,r [ocrl4 14

u.l gerlunrpa (rpoHuwro!) Karo ABa flprlMepa sa neprfemna rprura. Hocera, [IefaTa Ha cTpaHa, ... tr{ T. H.

V6egeu cbM, qe HrdKofr He e roJrKoBa clmi6 rdrrr€Jrernyamro,qe Aa Hanr4rrre raKa [Jrax Ir rrbJIeH cvrgBwnenufl. flaciuK. llpera-Irfi (tI 1)3t1 ITrT eO Kl:t6ctlt/t,3alqoit e AI,InaK[,frIecKI4 B{DKHO rla-poAr4rTa Aa ce cxBaHe Ka10 TaKaBa). TOSu rpemr flaca)K e:flacwreH c MHoro or cJra6ocrr4r€ Ha Ar4fieraHra B rrr{caHgT0. flpeAu

181

V. Hauucsane Ha AI4nJIaMHara pa6ora

BCI4TIKO, ytnmpe1ama Ha luHozomoque, ga Aa ce KaKe ,,BHI4Ma-

BafrTe, qe ceta rqe Ka>Ka BeJII{Ko orKpoBeHI{e!". ,{errnntquml'Mnororoqrero ce Il3[oJBBa caMo, KaKTo IrIe BI{AI{M, npu IrIlTa-

Ttr{, Koraro yKa3Ba 3a JII{rIcBaIqI{ qacrl[., vmt uail-qecmo B KparHa I8perleH[gro, 3a Aa rIoKaKere, qe cnI4cbK6T Ha rcpe)KAaHI[-

Te Helqa npo[bJDKaBa, qe tr{Ma KaKBo olrle Aa ce KilKe. Ha nro-po Mrrcro lrEiBa Wompe1ama ua yduaumettHa, c r\elr AareHoTBbp[eHrle Aa Id3IrbKHe. Ts usrrexAa 3JIe, rloue B KprruqecKl4Tpya. Aro pa3ruIeAare Kl{tr{rara, KoflTo qerere, IrIe BIqIlTe, qe

yArlBWreJIHara e tlg[oJr3BaHa BeAHb>K llrr wa rrrfl,r. EAtlr-AsaITbTI{ g IIpOCTeHO, aKO IIeJITa BtI e qI{TaT€JIgT [a tIoAcKoqI{ Ha

croJra cv., ueroi'twt IUIKoe oco6eno BilKHo rBbpreHlde Karo

,,Bnr/frvrailvre) Hr{Kora He Ao[ycKafr're tasld tpentra!" ,{o6puxtron r,rgr,rcr<sh Aa ce roBopwTI/ffio. flo-rorslvl e(fem IIIe I{Ma, aKo

K:uKer€ Heulo HalrcrldHa BarKHo I{ opurt{HiIJIHo. Ha rpero narc-

TO, aBTOpbT Ha TpeTI4t npI4BeAeH nacDK ce tI3BwHfiBA 3a y[or-pe6am ia vrpouwn (rnraxap Id He HeroBa) u r noguegrana. Pas-

6upa ce, aKo BId ce crpyBa, qe upoHfiflTa na Xrursn e MHoroTlHKa, Moxe Aa HaIMIrIere: ,,C rbHKa vIpoutIg. Xrrrrrn HIl 3afl'BtBa, qe pa3rJlexqaMe ABaMa 0TJII{IIHI4 lq,Wfi'|[4,t". Ho cauo ro-raro tIpoHWITa e HauunuHa rbmKa. B rymaparom cnyuaft, clegraro XurrmH Beqe e roBopI4JI 3a rpvlcrr,'rvecKa AIlrurfHKa I4

[porroBeA IIo BpeMe Ha nog$r, IdpoHlrflTa IIABa or cavro ce6e cra

rt He cw 3acJIlDKaBa Aa ce o6scnssa. Cbulcno BDKI4 Id 3a ,,urera-Ta HaclpaHa". llossrora e or [oJI3a, 3a Aa cMeHI4Te pfl3Ko rouaHa I{3JIo)KeHI4gro, Ho tpn6na geftcrnrtunro Aa cre ce rueryBaJu.B rmpnwre ABa cJlyqar na6rnoganarnae ynorpe6ara Ha rtponus,u vrem(fopa, Iro roBa He ca rrrerlt, a fipoqBa Ha cepl{o3Ho pero-p[qecKo vraftcropcruo.

Moxe Aa [poBepI,ITe, qe B Ta3tI KHI{ra noHe Ha ABa nbrtlcbM rd3rroJr3BaJr [apaAoKc, KaTo cbM rlpeAyrlpe](AaBar, qe

craBa Bbrrpoc 3a [apaAoKc. Ho ne ro HarlpaBldx, 3alrloro cMfl-rax, qe Mo)Ke Id Aa He pas6epere. Hanporun, HarIpaBI4x ro, 3a-

rrloro cMlrtx, qe Iqe pas6epete npaBI{JIHo I4 HtMa Aa xBaHe-

Te Brpa. OcseH ToBa cbM yrlopcrtsaJl, qe BbrIpeKId napagoK-caJruara cu (fopwra Moero rBbpAeHI4e cbAbp)Ka BOKHa I4crtl-na. A cneg ToBa o6scrssaM vspasa, salrloro roBa e AI{AaK-

t82

*}

f Y,2.Kar [rdrrrer€

TI4qHa KHr4ra, B KOSTO Ce rrHrepecyBaM He ToJrKoBa OT KpaCO-Tara Ha r43Jro)I(eHr4eto, a Haft-neqe or roBa, BcrrrrKr{ ga pas6e-par KaKBo rdcKaM Aa K&Ka. Aro nprurex crarr[.fl,, rqqx Aa Ha-fir{ura fiapaAoKca, 6eo 4a ro pa3KprrBaM.

Buuazu deQunupaiime dadeu meprnuH, ttazamo eoynompefla-6ame sa npbs nbm. Axo ne Mo)Kere ga ro geQltrrdpare, lts6er-Here ro. Axo e cpeA ocHoBHI4Te 3a Barrrara pa6ora no;aflTytfr, yr

BbrrpeKr{ ToBa r{e Mo)r(ere ga ro geQuHldpare, 3ape)Kere Bcr4rr-ro. C6rpraru{ cre reMara (rur npolpecvxn).

He o6scnnaailme t<nde e Put4, r(amo qe ru o1snffiaame rcdee Tatu1ytcmy. Tprtxu Me uo6lmar, Koraro rrera Au[roMHr4pa6orr, BKJrroqBarr{ rr u3pe.reHrrr raro:,, Ouloco(frr [arrre-Idcr r4 xoJrarrlcKr{ eBperru Cnunoga e getfunnpaH or 1yr1o...".Cron! l/Inv. nwwere Bbpxy Cnlatrosa n iorasa qrrrarewtr Brz-

sHae xoft e rofr u Beqe cre My Ka3aJrr{, ve r fyqo e nffcaJr 3aHero, rrJrtr{ clyrafrno :qlzir:,rrpare roBa B TeMa rro aroMr{a $usu-Ka, Ho roraBa ue rpr6na Aa rrpeAnoJrarare, qe qr{TareJrrr Br4He 3rrae xofr e Cnrnosa, a sHae roft e fyqo. I4nu nbK [rdrue-Te Ar4[JroMna pa6ora Bbpxy nocrA]KeHTrrJrr,raHcKara <punoco-Qr,rr, rorana BcrdrrKr{ rrle 3Huurr roft e fyqo, Ho rrle 3Ha:rr u rofie Cnr,trosa. Aopu rd B reMa rro rrcropr4r ne rpa6na Aa nrdrrre-re,T. C. Eullrr, attrnd,rcwt [oer" (xaro usruIoqrrM Qarm,qe e poAeH r Avepr,ra). Crvrara ce sa AaIeHo, ue EJlrarr e cse-ToBuorrcBecren. Aro Abpxc4Te Aa or6enexrare, qe rlrrrr,IpareHeIrIo I{MeHHo or anuufrcKld noer, nle Hafiutuere ,,eAI4H alrr-ilvtitcwt noer, Enmr, e Ka3aJI,'re...". Ho aro rlldlrlere BbpxyEmrrr, 6rgere raxa go6pu Aa rrpeAocraBr4Te Ha rildrarerfl crdBcrtttKt^ AaHHr{. flocrasere aKo He B TeKcra, ro s 6erexKaorrle B HarraJroro, Bcr,rrrKrr ueobxoguvor 6uorpalfruHr{ AaHHrd.He e xasaHo, qe rII4TareJLrIT, KoJIKoro I,f 3alo3Har Aa e c neplr-o4a, cw crroMnr rorrHo poxAeHara My Aara. Olqe no-naxHo eToBa, KOTaTO rrrdrueTe Bbpxy BTopocTe[eHeH aBTop oT [peAr4HtKoJrKo sera. He nsxox(Aafire or npeAnocraBKara, rre Bcldq-KI{ 3Harr rofi e rcfi. Kaxere oule B HarraJroro rofi e 6w, nKaKbB KorrreKcr ce vlcflBrBfl, r4 T. H. Ho Aaxe rr pa3rurexlaHr4-flT aBTop Aa e Monrep, KaKBo Brd [perrr4 Aa cJroxo{Te 6erex-Ka c eAHa-Aye garu? Hrttto He ce 3Hae.

it

II

)

183

V. Hauficsane Ha [r4nJlaMHara pa6ora

As uttu uueT Tpn6na rr Ea rlpeAcraBtMe co6crsesoro cllMHeHrde B nbpBo JII,rqe eAllHcrtseHo qldcro? Tpn6na JIt{ Aa KDKe-Te ,,a3 Mtr{cJIt, qe"? FLmofi cMlrar, qe roBa e no-qecrHo, orKoJI-Koro ynorpe6ata na Haue BeJIIrqecrBo. He 6lor Ka3aJI. fluurece ,,Hr[e",3alrloro ce npeArloJlara, qe rBbpAeHl{ero HI4 Mo)Ke Aace cnoleJrrr or qI{TareJIIlTe. flucanero e collllanHo gefrctnue: as

III4IrIa, 3a Aa rIpI{eMerJ., mU, qtrfTaTeJIrIT, TOBa, KOeTO A3 T-t[rpe4-JraraM. Hafr-necro ce pe[IaBa Bbnpocbr, Karo ce rs6eure ynor-pe6am Ha Mecror4MeHl4t nocpeAcrBoM 6esrld.rnld KoHcrpyKIII{r{Karo: ,,cJreAoBareJIHo rpa6na Aa ce 3aKJIIotM, rre; ragrroxAarcHo, qe; [pr4 ToBa IIoJIo)I(eHle Mo>I(e Aa ce KDKe, qe; Moxe Aace cMflTa, qe; npl{ nporlBaHero Ha reKcra ce BIDI(Aa, qe" I4 T. H.

He e qnrHo Aa KDKere ,,ctarrrlfrta) Ko.aro rlo-rope r7vffMpax",

H:'rlro ,,crarwlTa, Kofro lto-rope flocoqllxMe", creg Karo Mox(e

Aa ce KilKe ,,Beqe qtrrl4paHara crarlvtfl". Ho 6ux KaBuuI, qe Moz(e

Aa HaflIdllrere ,,flo-rope flocoqeHara crarmfl, Hfi noKa3Ba, .re",gaqoro il3pa3v Karo ro3l4 He cbAbplrar s ce6e cld rIepcoHiIJII4-

3aqr{r Ha HarfioTo I{3JIOKeHI4e.

V.3. Ilnrarnre

V. 3. 1. Koea u Ka.K ce 4umupa: decem npaewur

B gunrournure pa6otu o6tmnoeeHo ce llldrtlpar MHoroqyx<Ard reKcroBe: TeKcrbr, o6exr na pa6ora, T. e. ocHoBHtltrBr4 rr3Bop rr KptIT[qecKaTa ill{repaTypa rlo Bbflpoca, T. e. BTo-

pOCTe[eHHI,ITe BI{ IISBOpI,I.

CreAosaserno ql4rarlrre 6rsar ABa BIdAa: (a) Ilr,rmparcreKcr, rofrro ilHreprperldpare I4 (6) Ilurnpare reKcr B noAK-pefia Ha rrHrepflpeTallrrflTa crn.

Tpyauo e Aa ce Ka>KeEaltwrpr6na Aa Ill4rlrpare MHoro IIJII{MaJrKo. 3asuc;,[, or rr4[a AId[JIoMHa pa6ora. Kputlruen aHaJIId3

Ha AaAeH aBTOp I{3I4CKBa [pI{BeXnaHeTo Ir aHalr\r3tlpaHeTo Ha

AbJrrr4 traca>Krd. [pyr nrr ql{Tarbr Moxe Aa e npI{3HaK Ha

MbpgeJr, s cryraft qe AI4[roMaHTbr He I{cKa ,rlt r He Mo)Ke AanpecBAaAe AaAeHa cepufl, oT AaHHI,l I{ noJI3Ba CBbpIIreHoro oT

nxroft gpyr.

184

V.3. Urararr,rrc

,{a nprnegeM Aecer [paBr{Jra Ha qr{TrlpaHe.ITpaeuto 1. - flacaxure, npencraBirffnaupr o6err Ha r4nrep-

rrperarr4BeH aHaJrr43, rpr6na 4a 6rgar AocrarrrrHo o6uupHu.ITpaauto 2. - KptrnluuecKara Jrrrreparypa ce rlrlrrdpa caMo

aKo qpe3 neircm,n aBropr{Ter ce [orBbpx(AaBa Harrrero rBbp-AeHr{e.

Tesr,r Ase npaBr{na cbAbp)Kar HrKorr flcHrd nocJrepLcrr;rrs.llpegr Bc[rrKo, aKo rlr4Tr4paHrdrr flacilK HaAXBbpJrr rroJroBr4H

cTpaHr,rqa, 3Haqu Herrlo He e HapeA: r/fiil[, cTe ws1panv npeKa-neno o6nrnpeH nacaK rr cJreAoBareirHo He Moxe Aa ro Ko-MeHTI{paTe TOqKa rIO TOqKa, WI|A He CTaBa BbIIpOC 3a IIaCZDK,

a 3a rlrJr reKcr 14 npaBrrre He roJrKoBa anarrvg, romoro o6u1aorIeHKa. B raxrs uryuafi,, aKo reKcrbr e Bax(eH, Ho AbJrbr,flocraBere to B npu/toweHue u ynorpe6ere B rl3Jrox(enr{erocaMo KparKr[-nepllo4l"f.

llpu qurupaHero Ha Kpr{rrlqecKa Jrr4Teparypa, rpa6na gacTe cldrypHld, r{e qI{TaTbT Ka3Ba HeIIIO HOBO I{JII4 qe aBTOpId-TeTHO rrOTBspXAaBa Ka3arrOTO OT BaC.

Ero Asa [pr{Mepa 3a HeHfJKHrd rlrrraur:

Macosara KoMynrrKaqr{r npeAcraBJrrBa, KaKro rassa MaKrybrl, ,,e[lruor ocuoBHr,rre Qenoveuu Ha Harrrero BpeMe". He rpa6na ga sa6pauave, ue

y Hac, cflopeg Canofi, ABaMa Ayrrrn or BceKrr rp[Ma [peKapBar eAHa rperaoT AeHR Cr4 [peA reJreBr{3opa.

Kaxeo rperrrHo rdJrr4 Har4BHo rdMa B resrd ABa qrrara? flpe4rBCI4TIKO, TOBA, qC MACOBI{IE KOMYHI,IKAII4'{ CA CPEI OCHOBHI4T€

Qenovrenu Ha Harrrero BpeMe e Helqo, Koero BceKI{ Moxe Aaraxe. He e HeBbsMo)KHo Ia ro e Ka3aJr lr Marcnysn (usvrucrnorcuqtnara), Ho He e Frli)KHo Aa ce ontlpare na ne.ildft aBToptnsr,3a Aa KDKere Herqo roJrKoBa r,rsBecrHo. II{o ce Kacae Ao BTopo-To, To Hr4rrlo qyruo AaHHtITe [a ca roqHll, no Canofr He e HI,IKa-

KLB asmopumem (roya e IdMe, Kogro ctr rrgMtlcrrr4x). flo-cxopo6u rpn1uano Aa lgTtrpar€ HrKoe corlrrroJrorrrrrecKo rr3cJreABaHe,

IOAIII{CaHO OT I,I3BeCTHI fleHr{, AaHHI{ HA CTaII4C|WIe,CKI4AWH-

crr,rryr, pe3yJrrarrl or noMecreHa B rrp[JroxeHr4e KbM pa6ommBr{ Barrra aHKera. Bvrecro Aa rlrrrrrpare Hqxoft cr Canoft, no-

185

V. HaulrcsaHe Ha []l[Jriuuara pa6ora

Ao6pe Hafirurere ,,crloKofrHo Mo)KeM Aa npeA[oJIo)KtIM, qe ABa-Ma or BceKr4 TprdMa [Yfirfi T. H.".

Ifpaewto 3. - I-{ltramr [pelnoJrara, qe cfloAeJltrTe rrAetraHa aBTOpa, ocBeH aKo He e npeArrrecTBaE trltvt cJre[BaH oTKpI4TI4TIeCKI,I 6eleXXr.

Ilpaewto 4. -Tpt6na Aa e rcHo rofr e aBropbr Ha BceKr{eA[H qrrrar r4 Koe e M31auvrero, 6uno ro rreqarHo vrlrvr B pr-KOTII4C. TOSA IVIOXE AA CTAHE rIO PA3II4IIHI/ l']rATjfjLP.IA"

a) c nocounane s 6erexma, oco6eno Koraro e sa npbB nbr;6) c raueto Ha aBropa rd roArrHa na ny6nrrynane, flocraBe-

Hr s cxo6u cJreA qr{rara (emr V. a. 3.);n) c nafi-o6rdKHoBeH[ cro6r, cbgbpx<aulrd HoMepa Ha crpa-

HI,fiIaTa, KOTaTO rlrJraTa rJraBa r{Jrr4 rlrJraTa TeMa e Bbpxy eArdH

Tpyr Ha eAr{H aBTop. Bnrre e ra6mqa 15 rar MoN(e Aa rrpoqe-AI4paTe C IUTaTI4Ie [pI[ TeMa cT,c 3alJIaBI{e [Ipofurctnbm 3anpofleJlleHuflma na 6oea a ,,ffopmpem ua rydotcuuKa Kamo /Mad"na fltre-unc Ittmfic: qoM BeAHbx( e Aa,qeHo rd3AaHrrero, Ha Koe-To ce [o3oBaBare, Moxe Aa qrrrr4pare n cro6u crpanr,rqard cn,[xofrc, a s 6ere)KKrd - Kp[rr4qecKara JMreparypa.

Ilpaeu",to 5. - I-[rraune or ocHoBHrd rd3Boprd e xeJrarem{o AafipaBrfle c[opeA r9r4rrdrrHr{Te vM v3!.alJtrfl, r4Jrr4 cnopeA cMJrTa-

Hwfl. 3a nafr-gocronepeH TeKcr: He e flpeflopbrtrffeJrHo B TeMaBbpxy Eansar Aa rsrrrtpar€ clropeg rurKoe Axo6no vrsqaurzle,

Hyr<no e Aa noJrcBare rtoHe Cnfipauume cbtuilfiHufl.3a arrur.I-HWre aBTOpr4 e Aocrarbqrro Aa rlrffr,rpar€ cIIopeA o6rqafinamnpaKrr4Ka (nr,r III. 2. 3.). 3a cbBpeMeuHrr aBTopr4, B mBvrcv-Mocr or crryqu, e go6pe Aa rlr{rrlpare wnwr or rrbpBoro, vilvr ornocnegHoro npepa6oreno rd [penpaBeHo r{3AaH}re, aKo v3aanvr-qra ca HflKorKo, paz6vpa ce. I{urlrpa ce or rrbpBoro, aKo cJreA-

Barrlr{Te ca [pocTo rloB]f Tr{pa)Krd, oT rrocJreAHoTo, aKo B HerorlMa KopeKr[,rr{, AorrbJrueHrdfl, ocbBpeMerrrrBaHr4r. flpu ncrururcJrfrar{ rpr6ea Aa rroKaJKere, qe sbrrlecrtsyBa rrbpBo l,r N-ro ue-

Aali{r/rc I,I Aa flocoql,fr€ Olr Koe III4TIdpare (nm< III. 2. 3.).ITpaeu.,to 6. - Koraro ru{rrrere Bbp)ry qy)KA aBTop, r\t/narrtrte

tpn6na Aa 6rAar Ha e3tr{Ka, sa rofrro e [rrcaJr. Tona npanrano eHe[BycMr4cJreHo, KoraTo cTaBa Bbrrpoc 3a xJAox(ecTBeHa Jrr4Te-

parypa. B tesl,t c[Watr rroJre3Ho [a nocraBr{re e cxo6u uil:lr B

186

V. 3. I-{l.rrarnre

6erexra r4 rrpeBo[a. flo rosrd Bbrrpoc clegnafr're cbBerr{Te HaHayilrrrfl cr{ pbKoBoArren. Aro craBa Bbnpoc sa aBTop, Ha Ko-roro He anailvr3vpare crrrtra, Ho npr{ roftro rorruo [peAaAeHaraMIdcbJI, c BCIrTIKI{Te ir il,nrsl4cfltquvr Hroancrr. I4Ma oflpeqeJleHogHarreHlre (naupllrraep ilprl KoMeHTapa Ha reKcroBere Ha nsroftQrirocoQ), e qo6pe \awurpare oprrrru:rJrHyrfl.TeKcr, Ho onpe-AeJreHo e rKeirareJrno vr Aa rroMesrr,rre s cro6[ wM B 6elexraId npeBoAa - ToBa e yflpDKHeHr{e no r4HTeprrpeTaqrdfl or BarrasrpaHa. lLwaxpan, aKo r{rflupare or rrfxA TeKcr, Ho caMo 3a AaI43BJIerIeTe OT HelO CTATnCT'/JIeCKM WIIII uIC:IOPWIe'CKI/L [aHHIdmm,r o6rqa orIeHKa, Mo)Ke Aa r43[oJBBare ssrofr go6rp [peBoIr Jru Eoptt Aa ro IIpeBeAeTe Br4e, 3a Aa He [oAJraraTe rr]rTaTeJrr{-

Te cI4 Ha HenpeK6cHarr4 cKoKoBe gr e3r{K Ha e3rdK.,[ocmmuuoe Aa nocorrr4Te opmr4HalHoTo I8[aHrre 14 r43rroJr3BaHr4r rrpeBoA.Moxe Aa Bil ce cJrfrJ{ u Aa roBopr4Te 3a rry)Kg [oer rtJrrr 6ener-pl{clr, Ho He or ilregHa rorrKa Ha cr:firra, a na (floroco(foomel'rg1ev.B raKbB cnynft, aKo rlrrrarrlTe ca Mrroro, Mox(e yr.Aailpil-6ernere Ao npeBog, sa Aa 6lAe [o-JreKo l{3Jro>r(eHrdgro, Karofipocro BKJrror[rre u uo nqrofr rlrdrar B opr4rr4Hiur, Koraro xe-Jraere Aa flo4qepraere Herqo, Ha[prrMep Haqwna na ynorpe6aua usrofr repMr/rH. Taxre e cJrfrarr rrprd npr4r\aepa c,{xroftc, ga-qen n ra6m,rqa 15. Bror ctulo roqKa (") * npanulo 4.

Ilpaewto 7 - flpenpaulaHero KbM aBTopa r4 rrporrcBeAeHr{-ero My rpa6na Aa 6tAe scro. 3a ga ce pas6epe roBa, KoeroKa3BaMe rqe troMorHe cJre[rrr4flr (rperuen) trprlMep:

Crmacnr cve c Bacrec, Koraro no[ATrp]e, qe ,,pa3rurexgauuar npo6-reM e Aarerr or pa3perrraBaue"l lr nrnperu r43BecrHoro MHeHr4e na Epayu2,

3a Kororo ,,uai-carue 6e ocserreu To3r4 or AbJrrrl roAr4Hr4 pa3urex[au BT,n-

poc", noggtpxaMe, B cbulacve c:r'a:,luvg. aBTop, qe ,,I4Ma ort1e AbJIbr nbr Aa

ce I,r3BbpBr4, rrpepl Ea crI{rHeM Ao 3a,qoBonr{TeJllro ocBerJrflnaue ua npo6-reMa".

flrpnrur rlrdrar cbc cr{rypuocr e or Bacrec, a BTopr{flT cr,ccr4rypuocr e or Epayn, Ho rperrd.f,T Havcrvtna Jrrd e or Bacrec,

1- R"b.n" Wrrquez, Fuzzy Concepts,London, Faber, L976, p. 160. - 6er. asr.2. Richard Brown, Logik und Erkentnis, Muenchen, Fink, 1968, S. 345. - 6er. aer.

187

V. Hanucsaue Ha AI4niIaMHara pa6ora

KaKro rr3HrexAa or KoHTeKcra? I/L aKo IIbpBI{flT III{TaT CMe

orHecJrr{ KbM crpaHr{Ila 160 or HeroBI4f rp)iA, Tpt6Ba Jfi \acMrrraMe, qe r[ Tperldsr e B3er or cblrlara crpaHtllla Ha cbIIIa-ra KHrdra? A axo rperl{flr IIIdrar e or EpayH? Ero xar rpt6BaAa ce peEaKTtlpa ro3l4 nacDK:

Crruracrrr cve c Bacrec, Koraro rlo,q.qbpxa, qe ,,pa3ilIex,qaurar npo6-

reM e Aiurerl or paitpeulaBare"3 u mupeKu I43Becrnoro MHeHI4e ua Bpayn,

3a Kororo ,,Hafr-cetue 6e oceerreu To3I,I or AbJIrI4 roAI4HI,I pa3HIexAaI{ 86rr-

poc"4, nog4rpxaMe, B cbilIacre c HaIuI4t aBTop, qe ,,rIMa olqe AbJIbr ttbr

Aa ce r43BbpBv, npeLn Ea cTI4lHeM EO 3aAOBOJII4TeJIHO pa3p9luaBaHe Ha

upo6reva"5.

O6rpnere BHI4MaHT{e, qe n 6enexra 5 cue ilocraBI{JIIlVasquez, op. cit. (4um. c'ov.), crp. 161. Aro qrrarrd6erue ssernaK or crpaH]Iqa 160, uoxexvre Ia HaIMIITeM I{ VasqueE ibi-dem.Texxo HtI u ropKo, aro 6noae [ocraBI4JIId cauo ,,ibidem",6es Aa )TotrI{IdM ,,Vasquez". Tosa 6u o3HarIaBaJIo, qe ql{Tarbr e

B3er or crpaHrdrla 345 wa roKy-Iqo III4T[paHara KIrI{ra na Epa-yH. ,,Ibidem" o3HaqaBa ,,Ha gblrloro Mfcro" I4 Mox(e Aa ce tI3-

rroJI3Ba caMo Koraro noBTaptre eAHo KbM e[Ho Mucroro Ha I[4-Tara or [peMrrrHara 6elexxa. Ho aro BMecro ,,IloA[bpxaMe,B gbrJlaclde cHatnn',. oBTOp", 6flavle HarrJ4calIl4,,rloMbp)I(aMe, B

cbrJracrre c BacKec", rI$oBaBaftKI,r ce orTIoBo na crpaurqa L60,

rrlflxMe Aa Mox(eM Aa IBnoJI3BaMe B 6eleNrata npocro ,,ibi-dem". Ho capro [plr ycJIoBIiIe, qe 3a Bacrec I4 ga HeroBara Kr{I,I-

ra cMe roBopr4Jrr4 H'KoJIKO peAa no-rope vIil IIoHe B paMKI{reHa cbrrlara crpaHldlla, I{JII{ [peAI4 He rtoBeqe or ABe 6eleNrr.Aro Bacrec ce [otBtBa Aecer crpaHr{qt{ [o-paHo, I{e g Muorono-go6pe Aa noBTopI4M flocoqBaHero Id3IIqJIo, IIJIIiI rloHe

,,Vasquez, op. cit, crp. 160".Ilpaauto 8 - Korato Aaneu qI{rar He [peBI4IuaBa ABa-rpId

peAa, Mox(e Aa ro [ocraBl4re B gnofrHr,r KaBI/tt{KI{ B paMKI{Te Ha

a6saqa, Kalrro flpaBt a3, Koraro II/r[4paM or Keun6ut uBany,

3. Roberto Vasquez, Fuzzy Concepts, London, Faber,.1976, p. 160. _- 6en. asr.4. Richard kovin, Logik ind Erkitttnis, Muenchen, Fink, 1968, S. 345. - 6en.. asr.5. Vasquez, op. cit., p. 161 - 6er. asr.

188

V.3. I]umrrre

KO,{TO Ka3Bar, qe ,,npeKI4Te t\rrruJd, He rIpeBI4[IaBaIIM Tp'I Ma-rrrrrHolu4cHr4 peAa, ce [ocraBqr n gnofuiu KaBIrtIKt{ B paMKI{Te

Ha reKgfa"l. Koraro Is4Tar:br e Ilo-[bJlbr, e xeJrareJlHo [a ronocraBrdre no-HaBbrpe. B rogn cJrwaft. He ca Heo6xoAI{MId Ka-BWrrlL,3arrIOTO rpr6na Aa 6bAe flcHo, qg BcIdqKI4 rlaca)Kllt, 3a-

lotrBau[d no-HaBblpe, car\wlrr,/', a ure tpnona Aa BHIdMaBaMe

Aa He rrcrroJr3BaMe cbrrloro 3a Apyrtl qeau. Ero BI4 npldMep 3a

ABOeH rrynar, 3anoqBalrl Haelrpe:2

Aro nperuar qr,rrar e no-AbJrbr or rpll MaItrI{HorII4cHv pe4a,

roi ce uocrasr r43BT,H TeKcra B eAun a6saq I4JIv B HtKoJIKo caMoc-

roqrerHr4 a6saqa, c rqcHo MexAypeAl4e:

Opurrauaruoto noAptrleJltne IIa reKcra na naparpaQlr rpa6na

Aa 6rAe 3arra3eHo r4 flpu ql{Tara. A6saqme, KoI4To B opI{r}IHaJI ca

eAr4H CJreA APYT, C OTAeJIflT C e.qI4H [pa3eH peA, TaKa KaI$o pa3II4rI-

Hr4Te pegoBe or naparparfa. Ilaparpar[r, B3erI4 or pa3rt4ilnr ,I3Bo-

pr4 rd He pa3[eJreHr4 or KoMeIIrap, cJIeABa Aa ce pa3AeJIrIr c [Banpaonr pega.3

3anoqsaHero no-HaBtTpe ce I43noiI3Ba 3a Aa yKa3Ba qI4TarI4Te,

oco6eno rrp]r reKcr, II3I4cKBaIII Muoro qI4TarIl c IIo-roJIqMa ABJDKI,T-

na. He ce Il3rIoJI3Bar rasI4.{KId.4

Tosrd lvreroA e MHoro yIo6eH, 3alrloro rloMara Ha ql4rareJlfl

BeAHara Aa pa3[o3Hae III4raTI4Te, AA fvI IIpeCKOIII{, aKO qeTe ilO

ArdaroHaJra, Aa ce cnpe I{MeHHo Ha Tflx, aKo ro runepecyBaT no-fW.G' C^"rpb"ll ra S.V. Ballou, Form and Style, Boston, Houghton Mifflin, 1974,glp.40I Trii raro roBa, Koero r{erere e orneqaraHa crpaHl,rqa (a ue vaurltHonncHa),BMecro no-TrcHo Mex.qypeAue ce I43noJr3Ba no-4pe6en urpnQr (xoero ro HtManpu finlxeulara rrlaruuua). qcnorara npr'r l,norpe6ara My e raKaBa, qe He e Hy](-HO Aa 3anOqBa nO-HaBbTpe, AOCIaTT,T{HO e Aa Ce OTleJItt C OAI'IH pe'{ OTfOpe XeAlrH or Aony. TyK TeKcrr,T 3aloqBa no-HaBbrpe caMo 3a Aa ce noKa:Ke noJr3araor ro3r4 noxBar npr4 u3noJr3BaHero Ha nr4ueula MarullHa. - 6er. asr.Ho mtii Katno ottl apetnerno, Knzatno e nucaHa Hac,nosulatna KHU?a ca ,utH(Mttdoctna zodunu u Ko,nttn,nbpbnl to4rrtu u34rno 3a,4teHu nuurcu4ama rnautuHa npuor(oHqamerHomo oilop'uauZ ua duwtonnume pa6ornu, mo /rroicefl arcreoiluo danpudneea-me u Kbrt noxaarnume, u3not3aaHu npu Hoprua/teH ne4anxeH ,neKc,n ,n.I uattataeane na utpuSnn, omcntbnu u np. - 6et. ped.r Camobell n Ballou. oo.cit.. sro. 40a P.G.'Perrin, An indeito tinglish,4-ro ueg., Chicago, Scott, Foresman and Co.,1959, crp.338

189

V. Hanucsane Ha Er4[JraMHara pa6ora

Beqe oT Batur{Te KoMeHTapr4 u HaKpafl,, no3BoJuBa Nry Aa rr{ Ha-

Mr4pa JrecHo, aKo IIol{cKa Aa cpaBHr{ Helqo.Ifpaeuto 9 - Ifvnarvne rpff6Ba Aa 6bAar 6epHu. fllpno,

rpn6na Aa [penrrmere AyMr(Te raKa, KaKro ca (sarona e lo6-pe BrlHarx, cJreA Ha[[cBaHero Ha Ar4rrJroMnara pa6ora, Ea ilr.rrpoBepr{Te B opr4rr{HaJra, 3arr{oro e Bb3Mo)KHo Aa cre Aorryc-HaJUr rperuKa rrpfl [pelr4cBaHero r{M IIbpBo Ha pbKa r4 [ocJreHa MarurrHa). Bropo, ue rpn6na Aa r43nycKare qacrr{ or reKc-ra, 6esga ro or6err3Bare: ulnycKnHemo ce o3HaqaBa [ocpeg-crBoM yuorpe6ara Ha rprl TorrKrl raM, KbAero e [poflycHara-Ta qacr. Tp'ero, ue rpa6ea Aa BNrbKBaMe KoMeHTaptr{, no.acHe-HMfl, t/r. yroqHeHrdfl B TeKcra, 6eg Aa rd3rroJr3BaMe t<sadpamuuu/tu bzltosu cxo6u. Tpr6na ga or6errsnaMe r4 fioAqepraBaru-flTa, aKo ca r.aurv, a He Ha aBTopa. Ero e[un flprfMep: B III{-TilpaHwfl TeKcr, MexAy ApyroTo, ce rfirloJr3Bar [paBr4Jra, IIo-pa3JII4rIHI4 OT Te3r{, KOtlTO a3 I{3[IOJI3BaM, 3a Aa rO BMbKHa ryK;HO TOBa CaMO nOKa3Ba, qe Kpr{Tepr{r{Te MO)r(e Aa Ca pa3wlq-HI[,, CTI[la Aa Ce CJIeABaT C IOCTOqHCTBO r4 IIOCJIeAOBaTeJIHOCT:

Brrpe n qnrara Mor(e Aa B63Hr4KHar Hrxora upo6levr: Koraro npo-nycKaTe lrtKot qacT oT TeKcTa, Iqe nocTaBI4Te 3HaK 3a ToBa, TpI4 ToqKI,I,

rlocraBeurl B KBaAparHr,{ cro6ra [roraro Hr4e npocro r43[oJr3BixMe MHoro-

rouue, 6es cro6r,rl Koraro go6annre AlMa,3a Aa BHecere ficnora B TeKcra,

rrle r43noJr3Bare'bruIoBll cro6r [na He aa6pauave, r{e re3r4 aBTopn roBoprrsa reMa no QpeHcra nrrreparypa, KbAero Moxe Aa e neo6xopnvo Aa ce

BMT'KHe HtKOt [yl!la, JII4[CBaII{a B OprlrI{HaJIHrIt TeKCT, HO qUeTO IIpI4CbCT-

nue $ltlolorrr e upegnoroxnn].

[,[a ce novHr,r ueo6xogrvocrra Aa He ce AonycKar rperlrKr B e3r{Ka,

Kar(ro rr Aa ce nr{ue acHo u npanu/ruo ua co6onaeaa.a [nopepraBauero e

naure].1

Axo qurnpaHr{rr or Bac aBTop, I(oJrKoro r4 roJUrM Aa e rofi,e [onycHaJl oqeBrirAHr{ rperrrKl,I, 6rano crrroBvr, 6w[to Qarro-TJ.,np.g*ii rr A.V. Borsari, Guicia alla tesi cii iaurea in iingua e ietteraturafrancese (flovarano 3a arnJroMHa pa6ora no Qpencxu eanr u nnreparypa),Bologna, Patron, 1971, crp.32. - 6er. asr.

Jrorl4qecKr4, Br{e He rpr6na Aa rrolpaBflTe AonycHarr4Te rDeru_r<v, a Ia rr4 o6o3Harrrfre c KBaAparHr,r cKo6r4, iru"pr*ro iri"f .Tara ule KuDKere, qe cropeA Caiofi,," is20iri;I, t;;;;##:ra Ha HaroJreoH, cr4ryaivsrae Erpona. #;;;;;il;;_Irrr*r4 ur ceHKr4". Ho sa earue Mrcro 6ux ocrasmJr ro3rr Caeofr6es sHIar,IaHI,Ie.

Ifpaeuao 10,- la rlr4tr4pare e Karo Aa rpeAcraBrre AoKa3a_reJrcTBa B cbAe6eH rrpoqec. BwnaruTproBa Aa cr€ B cbcToflHr4eAa ocffryptrTe cBr4IeTeJrI4 r4 Aa AoKiDKgT€, qe Moxe Aa r{M CeBrpBa. l].opagt t roBa no3oBaBa'ero rpnlia Ea 6bi; d;_;;;y":?:yg::"_\yypu,6es ga ce ynbuene KHrdrara a crpalr_\ara) v rplbna BcrrrrKrd Aa Morar Aa ro nponepam. Kar rbraeaAa [ocTbru4M, aKO ruIKOt BaKHa 3a Hac ordeHKa e B3eTa or JII4_qeH pa3rcBop,. [tr{cMo, prronrc? CnorofiHo Mo)r(ere Aa r]wrn_pare, nocrassftwr s 6erexKa eArdH or cJreAHr{Te v3pa3u:

1. Jlraqen pasroBop c \ucuterr (6 nHr,r 1975).2. flucuo Ha rillcarerr- Ao aBropa (6 rcnu 1975).3. I/Igasneuvfl., sanuca:fM na 6 rcnu 1975.4. C. Smith, Le fonti deilEdda di Snorri,pbKorr4c.5. C. Smith, Cw1uqenue na XII Kouepec no @usuomepanun,

Marrrr{Hofircuo (uog nevar r rs4. Mouton, The Hague).

V.3. I{uml.rre

'h II{e or6enexure, qe 3a 2, 4 vr 5 clqecrnyear roKvMeHT}{.Kordro BvHail4 Mo)r(ere Aa npeAcraBr,ITe. 3a 3

"e ara "e

aaflcHI{, 3aIIIOTO ,,3Ailrtc" MO)I(e Aa o3HaqaBa KaKTO MarHerooo_HeH 3arrr4c, TaKa a cTeHotpaocKr4 flporoKomt. Kolroro 4O. 1,caMo aBTopbr Moxe Aa Br4 onpoBepiae (no nbK Moxe r4 Mex_AyBpeMeHHo Ia e novuual). B nogo6uu cilyaravgo6pnar ronI,T3I{CKBA AA I43NPATT4TE

'''ICMO HA ABTOPA C OKOHqATCJIHI'' BA-

pr4aHT Ha Barrrero [o3oBaBaHe r ,{a nbrryrurlTe or Hero orro_BOp B clMvtc.blr, qe npfi3HaBA r\wTrrpailLie ulev. rdJrr[ TBspAe_HAs, 3a cBot[, u Br{ pa3peuaBa AA rlrl noJrsBaTe. Aro crasa Btn-pcc 3a Heuo usKnnqumetHo Bax(Ho r4 Her{3AaAeso (uona 6on_MyJra, pe3yJrrar or Abpx€Ho s rafrHa r43CJreABaHe), b ao6p'. iu[peAcraBr4Te KaTo rrpr4Jro)r(eHr{e [r4cMOTO OrroBop Ha aBiopa.

190191

V, Hanncsaue ua AI4rIJIaMHara pa6ora

Par6npa ce, aBropbr rpfl6Ba Aa e rpld3Har Hafren aBropl{rer,a He cJrrraeH qoBeK.

BmopocmeneHHu npa6u/ta - Aro I4cKare Aa 6bAere rorIHtI,Koraro rr3rlycKare HeIrIo or III{rara, trgnonssafrte 3HaK 3a

eJrr4nca (nnnca, flporrycKaHe) - unororouve, c r lrtr 6es KBaA-

parHr4 cro6u.

Aro usnycxaue Helqo MaJIoBDKHo,... eJlldflcara tpn6na ra cJIeABa nyrt-

KTyaqrrrra Ha qf,JlocrHl4fl BapI4aHT. Aro nponycraMe ocHoBHa qacr...,

eJurficara [pe4luecrBa saneraiKrlre.

Korato III4TIdpare crl4xoBe, cJIeABafrTe npaKTldKara Ha

Kpr4TrdqecKara Jrr4Teparypa, Koxro tIoJI3Bare. flpu acuu<ltCJTYIIAI4 EAUH.ETI{HCTBCII CTI{X MOXE AA CE III{TI{PA B TCKCTA:

,,la donzelletta vien dalla campagna (AeBoitrara I{ABa orcelo)". ,[na cruxa Morar Aa 6tAar III4TIdpaHtI B TeKcra, pa3-

AeJreHr4 or qepra: ,,I cipressi che a Bolgheri alti e schietti/ vanda San Guido in duplice filar (runapvlctnq Koldro Ao Bome-pr{ BrdcoKr4 vr uta1rul BbpBflr or Cas fytrgo u gnofrna PeAu-qa". Aro craBa Bbnpoc ga no-IbJrbr [acarK B crtr{xoBe, rro-go6pe qe e Aa npu6ernete Ao cucreMara H.aKoJIKo I4HrepBa-Jra HaBbrpe:

E quando saremo sposati,

saro ben felice di te.

Amo tanto la mia Rosie O'Gradye la mia Rosie O'Grady ama me.

(I4 roraro Iue ce oxeEI4M,

ule 6rAa Hausru*a qacrm,rn c re6.

Tonrosa o6uqav uoara Poysr O'Ipefrgra

t/r vloflTa Poyou O'fpeigr,r o6rma lten.)

llo cnuqux HaqIlH IrIe flocrb[tr{Te, aKo cvt lrrvlare pa6ora ceAr{H-eAr4rrcrBeH crl{x, KoftTo IIIe rrpeAcraBiulBa o6err Ha Ab-JIbr aHaJII43, BCe eAHO I4CKaTe [a I[3MbKHeTe BCIiITIKO CbIIIeCT-

BeHO OT noe3r{rra Ha BepJreH or crI{xa:

192

V.3. Llr.rmtrlre

Ta6,ruqa 15

IIPTIMEP 3A TTPOAb XnTEAEH AHA I',r3rrA E[I4H Vr Cbrrv[. TEKCT

Texgrrr ua llopmpema e lrhlreu c re3l4 MoMerrr?I Ha eKcra3' Kouro B

Anusou xepot rleqe 6xxa,4e<[nu,rpaH]r Karo rrpofBJreHnt na 6ora"'

Tofr 6neurjn<arre vr rpelrKallre, rpenKalue r,r ce pa3rDrKBalue Karo

rrJrax upeAyrpl4HeH CBeTJI'IK, Karo orBaptula ce uBerHa nblrKa,

pacrerxe 6esupe4enen, JIyMBaI[e c KapMt{HeH 6nsclr 14 racHelle B

6nega posonr,rHa, pa3Jlt{crBallre ce Jlr{cr no JII4cr' lrg6nr'rrsarue nhnHa

cBerJrr4HacJIeABbJIHacBerJIr{HatIMeKtrreMy3apt{3aJlrBaxaII'JIOTOne6e, rce no-TbMHtI lr no-rr,rrarut-(crp.2I9)

Be,qnara ce ga6er,ssea, qe tr ,,noABoAHoro" Bvaeutrte T yraKcu ce

npeBpblrla B oureHo Bvlremue, KbAero npeo6nagauat qepBeHlrre

Hroascrr I4 yceuaul4tra ea 6rtcrr. Moxe 6u opI4rtrHuuIHr{,IT TeKcr

npeAaBa oule no-go6pe ro3l4 rraca)K' nocpe4crBoM r 3pa3fi Karo "a

biakin light-" vvM ,,wave of light by wawe of light" l't ,,soft flashes"'

Cera snaeu, uea lfopmpem vrem<poprre Ha orbHfl c€I qecro cpelqaHr{,

AJMara ,,orbH" ce flotBnBa ner4ecer I4 [eBer rrbrl'{ I4 pa3JIrIHIrre BapI4-

atwta,,flame" @ notBtBar rplllecer I4 ner nr,T!{.l Torana rqe Ka)KeM,

qe ,Bxg4BrIBaHero ga 6oxeqrsencno upotBlleHile ce acolvl4pa c orbl{'I

14 ToBa Hr AaBa KIIIoq I(bM TbpceHero Ha Bpb3KIt MexAy parnua !6oicu Oztrum na fl'Anyqao. Tara 're Ea ce Br4lt cJIelHIdfl nacaK:

Izfur.r, rartnro cu 6eure, cna6 e 3peHtre, cBerrJII4B rlo Wx' tpK'{Te

6arpu na BuAI4Moro 6vnwe, npeqyneHr4 npe3 npu3Mara Ha eAuH

xtlrBorrtlceH I4 [I4IIIeH esnr... (cl:p. 211)

KT,AeTO e noKa3aTeJrHo CpaBHeHr{eTo c eAI4H naca)K O'r OZttuam, a

roirro ce ragsa:

[pr4BrerleHa B oHa3il arvocQepa, oeHeHq Knmo KaeataKo ozHuug...

lffi*-.o., A word htdex to J' Ioyces Pottrait of the -artisr, carbondale, Southern

Illinois University Press, 1976.* Funrapcrner npeBoA e Bser or

'I3laHllero Ha ,,Hapoana rylrypa" 1981 r' flpeeor

Hraro.naft flonoa, crp.381 u crp. 375 - 6er. peg.

13. Kar ce flrrue AnrJIoMHa pa6ora 193

V,3. IlutarureV. Hanucsaue Ha [r4[JraMHara pa6ora

De la musique avant toute chose

B rceu cJryqalr 6lo< rasal, qe He e IryJKHo Aa [oAqepraBarectr/fI(a, Aopr{ I,I Aa e Ha trPKA $I4K. ocO6eso aKo paoorara BId e

Bbp)ry Bepren: B nporl{BeH cfiyrav Iqe pasloJlarare cbc crorld-rlr4 cTpaHrirrllr ) vr BcwKr4Te noFlegraHff. Ho qe HaIrIdIrIeTe

De la musique avant tout chose

Et pour cela prefere llmpairPlus vague et plus soluble dans I'air,

Sans rien en lui qui pese et qui pose...

r4gnvrcBai,rKr[,rfloAqepraBaHero e Halle'(, aKo BbB tforycaHa BaITII{ffT aHaJII{3 e CXBaITIaHeTO 3a ,,HepaBeHcTBO".

V.3.2. Itumam, napafuprca u ruaauamcmao

llplr clcranflHero Ha <fmnonere Ha [poqereHld rpyAoBe BtIecre npepa3KasaJM Hafr-eaxHor0: T. e. HanpaBtIJII4 $e napahpa-sa r cte noBroprrJrr{ c Ayrl{Id MI,IcbJrra Ha aBTopa. B gpyrt{ cfly-rIaI4 cre ttpeHecJr( IIeJTI{ nacalKld, uoctaelfrru il{ B KaBIdtIKId.

Koraro nr{urere ArrrrJroMuara pa6ora, Beqe HsMare troAoKo reKcra r4 rrpelucBare IIeJIT{ rracuuKlr or (fuura cr,r. Toraearpr6aa Aa cre cr{rypHld, qe roBa, Ha Koero ce [ogoBaBare Ha-rlcrvrna e [apaopa3a, a He \umam 6es xneurarcu, B rIporI{BeHcrry.Iafr tuaeuarnZnqame.

flogo6en po[ nJrail{arcrBo e tlecro cpeulaHo flBJIeHI{e B

ArfiroMHr4Te pa6oru. Crygerrrbr e c tucra sbBecr, 3aIIIoropano vIM r(bcHo B 6erel(Ka noA rIdHIdq Ka3Ba, qe ce no3oBaBaHa ro3rd 14 To3rr aBTop. Ho aro qI{TareJIflT sa6elezor, ornapafr-KIl rulKo.r crpaHI{qa, rle BIdxAa B Her He napa<fpasa, a npenuc-6AHe HA Opurr|rrHaJrlJrrt T€Kgr, UIe OCTaHe C MHOIO JIOUO BIIeqaT-JreHrde. Tosa saxsa He caMo 3a Haltalvq BI4 pbKoBoArdreJl, Ho tr{

ga BcwrKt[., Korrro perrrar Aa [porrerar pa6oram nu, 6uno sa gar ny6ronyear, 6nno 3a Aa Br4qrr HrrBoro Br4 Ha KoMnerelilrlocr.

Kar uoxe Aa cMe clrl.yp)Hm, ve napaQpa3ara He e rlJrarr{ar-crno? flpegrd BcrrrrrKo, Koraro e MHoro no-KparKa or oplfruHa-

194

na. Ho uua cJ\nrarr, Koraro aBropbr B eAHa-egr{r{crBeHa QpasaKa3Ba roJrKoBa MHoro Herqa, ue napa(fpa3ara craBa no-AbJrraor oprdmHala. Ho ne rpx6na Aa ce flprrrecHffBare, qe rurKor{[JnvII{ Ca ocTaHaJII{ CbIIIuTe KaKTO B oprdrr{HaJra, AiDKe e lo6peHAKor,{. TepMr{Hrd Aa ocraHar raKa, Kar(To ca. Haft-crarypHa ra-pail1rqfl rrle rlMare, aKo ycfieere ga nepeibpa3r4pare texcra, 6e3Aa ro I4Mare rroA pbKa. Tona u1e o3HaqaBa He caMo, qe He crero [perucaJrlr, Ho rr qe cre ro pas6pam.

3a Aa cmse [o-ficuo, [prdiraraM - rrog HoMep L - eglln ua-ca>K or KHr4ra (crana AyMa 3a Hopvran Ko:r, @iuamuuume HaAnonatuncuca).

flog nonep 2 crov nprdMep sa pasryHa napa<[paea.flog uovrep 3 mou nprrMep sa Qamurna napa$pasa, trpeg-

cTaBJrfl B arqa rurafl4aTcTBo.floq novrep 4 crov. rpr4Mep sa napaQpa3a, Karo rpr4 Ho-

vrep 3, Ho ryK rrJrarr{arcrBoro e us6sinaro nocpe4crBoM r{3-TIOJI3BAHETO HA KAB'FIKI4.

1. OpueuuattHuflm meKun

_ Iulgnauero na Anruxptrcra Aale flbr na oue no-roJrflMo rralpe)r(eur{e.floroleuue cJreA rroKoJreHue )KtrBflxa B rrocroruHo otraKBarre Ha AeMoHapa3pyrflr,rreJr, rrrrero rlapcrBo Bcbrrluocr 6w 6uno xaoc 6es 3aKoH, efloxaflocBerena ua rpax<6r r rpa6exlr, Ha r\,rbqeHrlr tr Kra*era, go B cbrrloroBpeMe rrpeJrroArrr Ha AbJrrooqaKBanr4s 3aBbpl[e& Broporo npgrrrecrBve rlr

I{apmnoro Ea cBerqr4re. Xopara Br4rrail4 6axa narqpe6 ouarnafrrcl ,,no-Jruv6vre", KorlTo, cfiopeA flpopoqecKara rpaptu\fia,6u rpa6nano Aa ono-Becrrr r4 npr4Apyr(ar IrocJre[Hr4fl ,,[epr4o[ na 6espegrqr,.; I4 3arqoro ,,rto-r9w6vre", Kor{To BKJrrorrBaxa Jrolu[ BJraAereJrr4, pa3Aop n o6ulecreoro, aofr-Ha, cyilra, ula,q, qytvla, KoMerrI, HeovaKBaHa rr6el tta BerIilKIt rn.v.r,ocrLt vlleapacnara o6u1a rpexonxocr, HrrKora ne 6e rpyguo Aa ce orKpr{flr.

2. IfapaQpasa

Mnoro r43pa3meJreH rro ro3r4 nooog e Kon.1 Tofi ouepmea cerryawflTa:aaTr{rl}rquo Ha[pexeHl4e 3a nepr4o[4 s rofrTo ouaKBauero na Anrlrxpucra e ncbrlloro BpeMe ,{ oqaKBaHe Ha rlapcrBoro Ha AeMoHa, r4Hclupr4paHo or 6on-rara u 6espegrdero rr npeJrro,qrfff KbM raKa Hapeqeuoro Bropo npnuecmue,

,ft-gl c.'*, I.fanarici <ieli'Apocalisse (Oanarr,rurre na Anoxaruncrca),Milano, Comunita, 1965, crp. 128.

'

t95

V. Han[caaHe Ha An[JraMHara pa6ora

3aBpbrrlru{ero ua no6egouocrlra Xpncroc. I/[ s ,twv eloxa AoMr{Hr,rpaua orleqarHrr ct6vrva, rpa6exr4, rpax6r, ural ,{ enrrAeMtrr{, Ha xopara He Jrrnc-nalr ,,loluu6n", u3pa3aaau1l,I Te3r.r cI4MnroMI4, KoI4To npopoqecKure reKcro-Be BrrHaDr ca npoBb3ilracnBaril 3aryrilvt'rnyt npn rrABaHero ua AHnxplrcra.

3. @arwuea napafupa3a

Cnop-e4,Kon... [cnegna crrJ,rcr,K or MHeHrn, r,lr:lKasaHr or aBropa B Apy-ru rlanu]. O" lpyra crpaua, ne rpa6na ga ce ea6paea, ve ngnauerb sa An-Trxpr4cra Aa[e nbr Ha orqe uo-roJrrMo Hanpex(eHr{e. Ilororenlrsra xnee-exa B IIocTorHHo oqaKBaHe Ha,qeMOHa pa3pyr[rlTeJr, qr{eTo rlapcTBo Bcbrrl-nocr 6w 6lalo xaoc 6eo 3arou, enoxa, fiocBereua Ha xpa:rc6u nipa6exu, uaMbqenrrq ,t KJraHera, Ho B cbuloro BpeMe npeJrrolua Ha Broporo flpr4ruec-TBr4e, r4Harre Ka3auo ua I{apcrooro Ha cBerrlr{Te. Xopara Bv*atu 6axa uaq-per, ovaraafirv ,,nonut6ure", rouro, clopeg npopoqrrre 6lr rpa6rano ganprrApfJreT 14 orroBecrffT nocreAur4s ,,[epr{o[ na 6espeglrqrr,,... u r-bil Kanote3n ,,no,nnv6[" BKrroqBaxa JroI[r{Te BJra[ereJr],1, pa3goprrre n o6qecr:noro,nofrnara, cyllara, rJIaAa, enl4AeMvrytre, KoMerure, Kalcro I,r HeoqaKBaua rr{-6er na serr,rru rv.u:aocru (ocneu uapaoralara o6qa rpexonuocr), Hr{Korane 6e rpygno [a ce orKpr,nr.

4. ITortmu 6ynnann nnpafupa3a, us6azeau4a tuozuamonaomo.

Cauvsr Kou, neue rlr4Trrpaq, HanoMHq, r{e ,,rrlBatero ua Anr:uxprcraAale nbr Ha orqe flo-roJrrMo nanpexeuue". lloxoleslarra )KrlBerr B Heflpec-TaHHo orraKBaHe Ha AeMoHa pa3p)'rur4Ten ,;ruere qapcrBo BcL,[IHocr 6u 6vnoxaoc 6es 3aKoH, enoxa flocBereHa na rpax6r n rpa6elol, Ha MbqeHrtr rKIIaHera, Ho B cb[Ioro BpeMe npeJuoAra na Broporo rpr4rrrecrBne, rrHarre Ka-gaHo, Ha I{apcrnoro Ha cBgrqr,rr€". Xopara 6vntt st Hafir Harqpe& oqarsafr-ru ,,nowru6rre", Kor,{ro cnopeg npopoqr{re 6u rpa6nano Ia nprl,qp}u€r 14

orroBecrsr nocreAHrlr ,,nepr4oA ua 6espegur1lr". ToraBa, or6erqgsa Kon, m,fiKaro re3n nonu\6u BKrroqBarr4 ,,Jrolrrrl BJra,[ereJur, pa3Aop n o6uqecrnoro,voilua, cynta, ilra.U, rryM4 KoMerr4, HeoqaKBaHa rur6ea sa Beilrtruirr4qgocrr{ r4

HapacHaJra o6qa rpexoBuosr, HrrKora se 6ulo rpylHo re Aa ce orxpuRr.,,l

Cera eeqe Btr{ e rcHo, rre BMecro Aa ce Mbqr4Te c Bapr4aHT4, uoxe cfloKofiHo Aa rlrdrrrpare rleJrrlq [acilK. 3a qerna o6a--rr_e rpq6Ba Aa pa3[oJrarare c ro3rd rlr,rraT BbB Barnur onIII.Hyrcro e oqe npr4 cbcraBsHero Ha Qulra Aa AeftcrBare npa-BrdJrHo, 3arIIoTO rrpr{ rlr4caHeTo Ha Ar4nJrOMHaTa pa6oTa Beqe

$9rTqq C"hn, I. lgnatici dell'Apocalisse (@anarr,rqure Ha Anorarnnclrca),Milano, Comunita, 1965, crp. 128. '

HqMa Aa cr4 cnoMHrITe KOfr ifrur rar cre rlonbJlHvrrttt"Tpfl6Ba

Aa cre crtryp%W, qe aKo BbB oI{I[a BI4 HflMa KaBtIqKtr[, npI'IBe-

aelilvflT TeKcr e HavcTr Ha [apaopa3a, a He IIJIaU{arcTBo'

V. 4. Benexrrrrre rIoA JII{Hr[fl

V. 4. 1. 3a ruroo alyl,arm 6eteuxu'me?

Cnopeg eAHo Aocra pa3[pocrpaHeHo MHeHI{e, He caMo AI,I[-JroMHara pa6ora, Ho I4 KHr{lI4Te C MHOrO 6enexrs ca [pl4Mep3a epyAr{paH cHo6I,{3bM tr{, MHOIO qecTo, Ha XBbpntHe Ha npaxB Or{r4Te. Pae6upa ce, He Moxe Aa ce orpeqe, qe MHoro aBTopI{

rrpeKaJr.rrBar c 6enexrrre, 3a Aa npl,IlaAar Ba)KHOCT Ha rpylact4, HLilIO TOBa, qe Apyfl4 TbIrtIaT e 6erexcolTe 6eeuolegHa I'IFI-

Qopvraqm, KoflTo tloHflKora [opu e KpaneHa or IrcrrereHara rI4-feparypa. Ho tosa He o3Har{aBa, rle pa3yr,{Ho I4SrIoJI3BaHI'rre 6e-

Jre)KKr4 He Ca HeO6XoAI{Mr4. He vroxe Aa ce Kax(e KaKBa e roq-HaTa MtpKa, 3aIrIoTo ToBa 3aBI{CI{ OT rldna At{IrJIoMHa pa6ora.

Ho Hexa ce oIII4TaMe Aa IToKarKeM cJryqal{Te, B KoI,ITo 6enexxu-T€ Ca HeO6XOAI4Mr4, KaKTO I4 TOBa, KaK Ce npaBsT.

a) Eeaetcntme crtyxam, 3a da yKa:team u36opa Ha 4umama.Axo nouecnme ld3Bopa B TeKcra, ule 3arpyrHldre npoqlrra Ha

cTpaHr4rlaTa. Pas6npa ce, vrMia HaqvrHr/^ Aa BlvfbKHgre B TeKcra

Hafr-BDKHIIT€ no3oBaBaHtlt, 6ee ga fipll6flrBare Ao 6ene:{rrl4,

B'DK Cr4CTeMara aBTop-roA\[Ha Bv. 4.3. Ho no IIpilHIII4II 6e-

JIOr(KaTa CJIyTKI4 npeAl{ BCI{IIKO 3a TOBa. KOraro 6erexrara e sa

6n6nr,rorpaQcKo flocor{BaHe, Ao6pe e Aa e [oMecrel{a noA JIII-

HI{t, BMecTo B Kpilfl Ha KHI,{lara ulru Ha HIaBara, 3arr{o'ro raKaqoBeK BeAHara Mo)Ke Aa pa36epe 3a KaKBo craBa Bbnpoc.

6) Eeaetnatme crtyJram sa do1aenue Kbrn duuqmupana e

meKnna mana ua 6u6tuozpa0cru nocoq^aHuf, c \et ndtEena,n wlpa3eHume onaHoauula: ,,flo Bbnpoca BIDK Id KIII{rara eAtI-

Kot cI4". I4 s rogld crqqs; e no-yAo6Ho Aa 6bAar roA JII{HIII.s) Eelewwrne c/ryJtcam 3a BbHutHu u ebmpeu,tHu npenpam-

Krr. BeAHbx pa3I'JIeAaJIId AaAeH [po6JIeM, Mox(e Aa IloMecrl4-

Te B 6eJIexKa, ,,cp." (roero o3HaqaBa ,,cpaBnvr('u Irpeflpalqa6ulo mu Apyra Klrrrta,6rlo rcpr Apyra HIaBa I{JIII a63aq or

t97

V. 4, Eerexvre noA JII{Htrfl

F-

196

V. Hanffcsaue Ha AI4[JIuIMHara pa6ora

Hilrrrvrfl. Tpyl). Aro nttpelrrHr{Te npelparKld ca ]JaucrvlJaBaN(HtI, MOX(e Aa rI4 BKJIIOqI4Te B TeKCTa: rIpI4Mep Mox(e Aa BI{

6rge rnurata, KoflTo qerere, B Hefl or BpeMe I{a BpeMe I'IMa

rperparKl/t KT)M Apyru naparpaifu.' r)^Betetrntme-ctywam 3a 6;6a{daHe Ha 4umamu e nodtc-

pena Ha u:]pa3eHume -/nHeHuttr, Koraro IIIlTarIlTe 6r'rxa napylur-Jrr4 xoAa Ha Ir3JIo)KeHuero. C Apytld Ayl!{I{, Koraro BI{e ld3pa-

3qBaTe MHeHI4e, a nocJle, 3a Aa He ce HaKbcBa Ht{ruKaTa Hal 3-

JIOX(eHI4erO, MI4HaBare KbM cneABalrloro MHeHIde, Ho [ocra-sqre 6erexKa KbM rlbpBoro, 3a Aa ro rIoAKpenI{Te c roBa Ha

usroft aetopr,net.la) Eetetrnttne cJtwam, sa da pasu'tupstn HanpaaeHltme B

mer{ona rn6tndenu.n2: s rosu cMtlcbJr re ca noJle3Htr{, 3alrloro BI4

no3BoJltBar[a He yrililulBare I{3JIoxeHI4ero cn c mQopvtaqulr,Korro, KoJrKoro t[.Ea ca Ba)KHI4, ce flBrBar nepu<[epur 3a Balla-Ta TeMa tI He rIpeAcTaBJItBaT HI4ITIO Apyro, ocBeH pa3JrrueH rIOr-

ireA KbM TOBa, KOeTO BtIe Beqe cre Ka3aJM.

e) Eetetcntme anyrffim 3a nonpaanHe Ha usKo3aHume B meK-

cma menpdeultfl: Brre cre cr{I-ypHld y roBa, Koero rtsbpAlrre, Ho

I4MaTe gCHoTo cb3HaHtle, qe HTIKOI{ Ire e cblJlaceH c Bac I4JII{

rrbK cMrlTare, qe or orlpeAeneHa HIeAHa TOqKa MO>Ke AA Ce I43'

KDKe Bb3pilKeHlle rr vr BaIIIaTa resa. ToraBa nogo6na 6elex-ra 6n npegcmBrIflBaJta He caMo tl3pa3 Ha HayqHa JIotJIHocr' Ho

rr Ha Kpr(TrdrreH flonreA Bbp)ry neu1ara.3

T,,8"""", ""^"r4

TBa,p[eHut, KoI4To He ca o6uotrgsecruu <parrn'rpl6na ga ce6arupar Ha AoKa3areJlcrBo 3a rtxHara BaJrl4gHocr. loBa Moxe Aa ce-HanpaBl4 B

rercia, n 6erexra noA JrI4Hr{t unu c ynotpe6ara il Ha,une're" (Campbell uBallou, opt.cit., crp. 50). - 6el. anr.2 cuiokaremruie 6<!nexxr.r Morar Aa 6tAa'r usnongsaHll c ueJI .qllcKyrttpaHer,rara o6brargaaHe Ha Ka3aHoro B TeKsra. HanpuMep, Kaun6anr n Bany (4untcbu., ctp.50) xanovrm, qe e noJlesHo Aa ce Il3uecar B 6elexxra qucrycvtil crex-Hl,r.recxu xapaKTep, cnylafi.uu KoMeHTapu, AonbJrHuTenHr,r 3aKJrroqeHr{t u l,tH-

fopvaurara. - 6el. ant3 Liaucrlrua, creA Karo cMe Ka3aJIu, qe e rloJre3Ho Ea ce nocraBtr 6elexxu, ga

vroqHr4M, qe KaKTo HanoMHtrr n Kevn6uI v Batry (tptttt. cbv.' crp. 50) ',uanon-

lsaHero na 6erexru il3t4cKBa onpeAeJreHo BHl.{MaHtle. Tpr6na Aa DIeAare Aa He

nocraBr4Te s 6enexKa BDKHI4 t4 [oKa3areJrHr{ AaHHI'l: cBbp3aHI4Te c ocHoBHaraTeMa u1eu il BaxHI4Te ,qaHHlt rpx6na Aa ce notBtBar s reKgra". Or ,upyra crpa-Ha, KaKTo Ka3Bar ql,ull,rre awcipn (ibidenr) ,,ncrxa 6elexxa nog lrtsnr rpr6naAa onpaBAaBa *ulecrsynaner<i cri'. }i^nv.a Htrtqo no-Aocagno ot 6elexru'lre,BKJITOqeHI4 CaMO 3a Aa rrl I4Ma

'r He Ka3BaUIr{ H}IIIIO Bil)KHO 3a qeJlr'lTe Ha TOLIHO

ToBa r43JIo)KeHr{e. - 6er, aer.

198 199

V. 4. Eenexrcrre ilol :l.t4tatrl

x) Ee,textcume /no?am da etr"tnqaam npe1oda Ha 4umatn,KofiTo e npr{BeAeH B opr4rrdHaJr r,rJrr4 rrbK oprdrr{HaJrHvrfl Bapu-aHT Ha rIr{TaT, AaAeH B [peBOA, 3a Aa He Ce HapyruaBa qeTr,rB-

HOCTTA HA I{3JIO)KEHI{ETO.

s) Beletrcrcume c/tyJ{am, sa da cu Maulame duteoeeme.,[a qrrupare l}pa3a or qyx(na KHrlra e Karo Aa r{3rrJrarr[TeeAr4H AbJrr. ,[a qrrrpare r[Ae . ]fnr4 r4HiDopMarlu.rr or qyrqaKHIrra e Karo Aa rd3rrJraqare AbJrr. flouqrora rpr6Ba Aa cerd3llnaqaT Id He TaKa JIecHr{ 3a AoKyMeHTr{paHe AbJrroBe -lpoqBa Ha Ao6bp BKyc e Aa Harurrere B 6ene)KKa, qe HrKoqBauta vrhefl. He 614 ce poAr{Jra 6es upourra Ha Tasv v Ta3vtKHr4ra rfirvr 6e3 pa3roBopr4Te c To3rr rr To3r4 yrreH.

,[oraro 6erexrr,ne or rr{n a),6) a n) ca no-noJre3Hr4 roATTMHIIIfl, TO TE3'I OT TI4TI T) U I) MO)KE AA TIOCTAB'ITE HAKPAS HA

ilraBaTa firfir Ha Ar{rrJroMHaTa pa6ora, oco6eHo aKo ca MHoroAbJIrI4. Bce nar rpr6Ba Aa Ka)r(eM, rre oerexKilTe HtIKora HeTpq6Ba Ia 6bAar [peKaJreHo gbJrrrr: B [porr{BeH cnyunT

"a au

6enexrr,r, a [prrJrox(envrfl. vr Karo raKr{Ba cJreABa Aa 6bAarnocTaBeHrr B Kpiur Ha paooTaTa.

I4 novtrere, qe aKo rr3yqaBare eAr{H-eAr4HcrBeH r{3Bop,TpyAoBere Ha eArdH-eArdHcrBeH aBTop, AHeBHrrK, KoireKrlr{toT pbKonldcw, nvcMa IIJII4 AoKyMeHTvl vl T. H., MO)Ke AA W3-

6ersere 6enexrure flpocro Karo onpeAeJrr4Te orrle B Haqa-JroTo Ha paboTaTa cr{ cbKparqe[vrf sa Barrrr4Te vrgBopu v rvrlocraBrdre s cro6[ B TeKcra - IIo eAHo cbKparrleHrde c Ho-Mep Ha crpaHr4rla rrJrr{ AoKyMeHT, 3a BceKr{ rlr{Tar. Buxreraparpao III.2.3. sa qrrarrre or KJracr4rlr4 r{ ce fipr,rAbp-xrafiTe KbM TaM [ocorrenrdre rrpaKTrdKa. llpv Ar{nJroMHapaboTa Bbpxy cpeAHoBeKoBHrd aBToptr{, BKJrrorreHr4 B rrarpo-Jrorllrra Ha MrdH, Id36ffrBaTe crorl,rrll4 6etexru, nocraBflfr-Krd B reKcra cKo6r4 Karo ra3r: (PL,30,23I).IIo cbrrlrdf Ha-III{H MOXE AA IIOCTbIII{TE C NPEIPATKI{TE KbM TA6JII,II{I4,

rdJrrocTparlrdr vtltrt npr4JroxeHrdfl .

V. HanrrcsaHe Ha Ar{nJraMHara pa6ora

V. 4. 2. Cucme.,nama qumam-derreilcna

Hera cera B3eMeM npeABr4A ynorpe6ara Ha 6erexKaraKaro cpegcrBo 3a 6r46rrdorpa0cKo [o3oBaBaHe: aKo B TeKcrace rOBopI4 3a AaAeH aBTop tltttv ce IIIfu4paT IIaciDKII oT tIy)KAId

reKcroBe, 6elexrara ocr{ryprBa sborBerHrdre 6r6nuorpatf-cKI4 AaHHrd. Tosa e MHoro ]Ao6na cr4creMa, 3arrloro, aro 6e-JrexKara e rIoA JruHr,{r, qrrrareJur BeAHara Mo)r(e ga pas6epeHA KAKBO CE IIO3OBABATE.

Ho rosrd MeroA rd3rdcKBa yaBorBaue: mfi raro rlrdrr4paHlrr€n.oq IrIrHMe. TpyAoBe, rpr6na aa lpuqpnp ut tr B o6u{ara 6tu6nuo-rpa$m (c lrsrurroueHr{e Ha resr4 peAra{ cryqau, [pr4 KorlTo rroArruHvts. rlr4TT{pare aBrop, rofiro HqMa Hrrrqo o6ulo cbc cner{rl-

Qrunara 3a Barrara pa6om 6r6nuorpa<|vrfl: aKo rlrrrrdpare BreMa tro acrpoHoMr{fl ,,I'amor che muove il sole e le altre stellet

[Jln6onra, KoflTo ABrDKr4 cJrbHllero rr Apyrr4re sneeglt]": 6erex-Kara u1e nn e gocmrr.nra).

He uoxe ;1a ce Ka+(e, qe uIoM saruraBr{rrra Beqe ca noco-qeHr.{ B 6e.nexxure noA JrrdHrlr, He e Hfrua o6rqa 6r6rudorpa-

Qvn. I/I Havcrvna o6ulata 6u6nuorpaQnfl. cty>lr;n, 3a Aa cerrpaBflr o6qn cnpaBKrd Bbpxy Jrr,rreparypara tro Bbnpoca v 6vt

6ulo nponna Ha HeBb3rrvtranue Aa Kapare qrdrareJrr4Te crd Aat c't6vpar crpaHr4r{a no crpaHr4rla.

OcseH'rona o6qara 6u6ruorpa(fua AaBa rro-rbJrHa r4H-

<|opvraqua or ra3tr{, rroMecreHa s 6erexxrdre rroA Jtlrr:aws..

Hanpllvrep rroq nunnfl. Mox(e Aa Aagere caMo oprdrr{HaJrno-To l{sAaHrre Ha usrofr TpyA Ha qyrq aBrop, a n obnlara 6v6-nuorpaQnn Aa rroMecrr,rre 14 AaHHr4Te Ha trpeBoqnoro rd3la-Htr{e, aKo IdMa raKoBa. I4 Aoraro s 6erexr[Te rtog lrvtHvtflo6ilrHoeeHo ce AaBa /uarKomo u [ocJre Qa,att,tuomo ilvre HaaBropa, ro s o6qara 6w6tworpaQvn, rroApeAeHa uo ae6y-qeH peg, nbpBo ce nocraBr Qauulnoro, a flocJre MaJrKorouNre. OcseH ToBa, aKo AaAeHa crarvfl. ce norBflBa rrbpBo B

fD-t., Prr. XXXIII, 145.

V. 4. Eelexrure noA Jlr4Htlfl

HrrKoe cfivIcanttre, a nocJle e noMecreHa s Hsxot'l c6opnur,[o-JIecHo HaMI{paeM or cIII{caHI4eto, 6enexKara nou ill[HfinMolKe Aa nocoqu caMo BToporo Il3AaHI{e' cbopultra, AoKa-

ro e o6qata 6u6rulorpaQua rpr6na Aa npl4cbcrBa npe[llBCr4trKo rlbpBoro. fIoA luurs Moxe Aa cbKparl4Te HtKoI{

AaHHr,I, Aa rlponycHere rloA3arJraBtlero, Aa He Id3III4IIrere

6po" "u

ctpaHul1ldte, Ho roBa ca HeIIIa, KotITo rpn6na ga

nprcrcrear s o6ilIara 6u6lrorpaifun.B ra6nuqa 16 AaeaNIe [pl4Mep 3a crpaHl'Iqa or AI{II;IoMHa

pa6ora, B Koqro r,rvra 6elexKu noA llllntlfl, a cpeqy Heq, B

ia6nuqa 17, noraenaMe KaK cbIIIIlre 6u6nuorpaQcKl4 AaHHI{

ule r.{3ilIexAar s o6qata 6ll6nuorpaQtrn' Taxa qe Mo)Ke Aa

sa6enexure pa3JrltKure.Hera seAHara [pegynpeAl{M, rre AaAeHIdtr Karo rIpI{Mep

TeKcr e B3er ad hoc, TaKa rre Aa BKJIIoqBa rlo3oBaBaHllfl orpa3JrrdqeH BIIA, ero 3alrlo He 6ux ce 3aKJIeJI B HeloBara Aocro-BepHocT

'IJII4 KOHIIe[lyaJIHa fiCI{OTa.',[a

npegynpeAl4M t'I qe 3a Aa onpocrl4vr 6u6nuorpaQvrnra,

cMe fl orpaHruIdJrld Ao ocuoBHt'Ire AaHHt{' r-r-Pe-ne6pereaitxu

vtsvcKBarutrta 3a 3aBbplxeHocr, tI3JIoxeHu s ll[.2, 3.

Tona, roeto s m6rnqa L7 uapnuavre craHAaprHa 6vt6trto-rpaQrr, Mox(e Aa fipldeMe pa3rrtlHl4 tfoptvtl't: aBTopIlTe Mo>I(e

\a ca v:r';rvlcanr c TJIaBHII 6yrnu, KHt{rIlTe KypcI'IBtIpaHtI,

c6opurqrte Mo)Ke Aa ca noMecreHl4 rrog ldMero Ha cbcraBld-

TEJIff I4 T. H.

IIle nrgmr,'re 6erexcsme ca tro-Hetrpl,tl{AeHtl ot 6u6nror-pa<fmra, B Tqx He e 3aAbJDKIdr€m{o Aa ce \r'rrfipa lrbpBoro t13-

AAHl/re,IIeiITa I,IM e e4{HCTBeHO Id CaMO Aa HanpaBtT HaMI4p-aeM

texc"a, sa rofrrc craBa Bbnpoc, octanafrwt tta 6u6trr'orpq0ils-Ta nbJrHlrfl na6op ot 6r,r6mabrpa(FI<ll AaIrHId; AaBar nr'r o6tqu'fl

6poft na crpaul4llrre caMo Koraro :naficr"';nmae seo6xogrMo, He

Hr.{ Ka3Bar KaI(bB e rexHl{.flT 6poft n roMa, ga rofrro craBa BbIr-

poc, Hr,no AarI4 cb[IecrByoa npenog' 3a resu neqa cny:ru o6-

uara lu6twrorpatfra.Karsl,r ca nelocmrblll{Te I{a ra3I'I cllcteua? ,[a aeeuevt

Hanpl{Mep 6elexra 5. Kassa HtI, qe crarl4tlTa na Jlefiroif e

norecte"a s c6. Semantia, cit. KlAe e 6ula quu'tpana? B 6e-

200 201

V. Hanzcsaue Ha ArrIJIaMHara pa6ora

Ta6rrqa 16

IIPI4MEP 3A IiI3IIOJI3BAHE IIA CTICTEMATAIIIITAT-EEJIDKKA

rloucru,l MaKap qe ilpueMa npI,IHIrr{[a Ha lrHTepnperar!'IB-Hara ceMaHTI{Ka Ha Kaq lr @ogop,2 cnopeA KoI{To 3naqeHfi-ero Ha rr3Ka3BaHero e c6op or 3HaqeHl4rra Ha HeroBt{Te eJIe-

MeHTapHI4 CbCTaBHtr qaCTI/r, He ce oTKa3Ba Aa oTcToflBa IIbp-BeHcrBarrloro [oJro)KeHve Ha qu6orara cIitHTaKT[qHacrpyKrypa Karo crpyKTypooflpeAeJulura sa sHa.reuilero.3Pa:6upa ce, ilowtcru ce e npI,{ABTDKI{Jr or nbpBoHallzrlrHt{Te

cv nos:,tr\r w KbM eAHo no-oflpeAeJreno pas6lrpaHe, 3ararrra-To orqe B paHrrrlre vry pa6oru. llocpeqcreoM AI{cKycIdr{Te,paBnocMerKldre or Koldro MoxeM Aa HaMepuM e ,,DeepStructure, Surface Structure and Semantic Interpretation.,4 Bnes rofi nocraBq ceMarrrT{rrHara I{rrrepnperalll4t MOK,qy

qsr6orara crpyKTypa u noBbpxHocrnara crpyloypa. [pyrnaBTOpr4, Karo Hanprdrraep lleftroQ,s ce olurnar ga u:pa6otxrIeHepaTI,IBHa CeMaIITI4KA, Itpul KOSTO JIOIr{Ko-ceMaHTtIqHaTa

Qopvra reHepr{pa caMara cr{HTaKTr{qHa crpyrrypa.6

I 3a ^"6"p

naHopaMeu fiorneA Bbpxy ra3l4 TeHAeHIIT{I aron Nicolas Ruwet,

llxtroduction d la grammnire generative, Paris, Plon, 1967. - 6en' asr'/ Jerrold J. Katz n Jerry A. Fodor, ,,The Structure of a Semantic Theory",

^Language,39, 1963. - 6er. ast.

J Noam Chomsky, Aspec* of a Theory of Syntax, Cambridge, M. I'T., 1965,

cro.162. - 6en. asr.4 'B toru Semantics, sbctaBl4rerrl{ D. D. Steinberg u L.A. Jakobovits,

Qambridge, Cambridge University Press, 1971 - 6er. anr.) ,,On Generative Semantics", n c6. Semantics, cit. - 6er. asr.6 3u tu., TeHAeHunt sffx ,'r: James McCawley, ,,Where do noun phrases

come from?", s c6. Semantics, cit. - 6en. anr.

202

V. 4. Eenexrurre rroA Jrr{Hnt

Tadtmua 17

rIPrrMEp 3A CTAHAAPTHA EmEJrr{OIpAOr4fl

C6. Semantics: An Interdisciplinary Reader in Philosophy,Linguistia and Psychologt, c'lcraBurerr Steinberg, D.D.,r Jakibovits, L. A., Cambridge, Cambridge University press,

I97L,crp.X-604.

Chomsky, Noam,,4specls of a theory of Syntax, Cambridge, M. L T.Press, 1965, crp. XX-252 (umn. upenog n Saggi linguistici 2,Torino, Boringhieri, 1970).

" ,De quelques constantes de Ia theorie linguistique",Diogene, SL, L965.

" ,,Desp Structure, Surface Structure and SemanticInterpretation", B c6. Studies in Oiental and GeneralLinguistics, cbcraBr4reJrcrBo Jakobson, Roman, Tokyo,TEC Corporation for Language and Educational Research,1970, crp. 52-9t; cu4o a c6. Semantics (ex..),crp. 183 - 216.

Katz, Jerrold J. u Fodor, Jerry A., ,,The Structure of a SemanticTheory", Language 39, L963 (crrqo n c6. The struchffe of

Language, cbcraBr4reJrcrBoKatz, J. J. u Fodor, J. A.Englewood Cliffs, Prentice-Hall, t964, crp. 479 - 5lS).

Lakoff, George, ,,On Generative Semantics", B c6. Semantics (nx.),c:rp.232 - 296.

McCawley, James, ,,Where do noun phrases come from?.',s c6., Semantia (nx.), crp. 2I7 - 231.

Ruwet, Nicolas, Introduction a la gammaire generutive,Pans,Plon, 1967, crp. 452.

203

V. Han[ceaHe Ha AI,InJIaMHara pa6ora

JrexKa 4, sa n\acrve. Arvru aKo 6eule qI{rl{paHa [peAI,{ AecercrpaHr4qrd? II{e nonrop\rM rrw qr{rara 3a rlo-yAo6Ho? TInr IqeocraBr{M Ha qr{rareJrfl Aa rrpoBepw n 6m1twrorpalfuma? Ho nTaKbB ctryuait e uo-yqo6na crlcreMara aBTop-roAtr{Ha, 3a Kofl-TO rqe roBopr4M cJIeA MaJIKO.

V. 4. 3. Cuanetnama aamop-zodwta

B vrnoro U4crIr4rIJrr{Hv (v, nss Bce uoBerle B [ocJIeAHo Bpe-rure) ce r{3[oJr3Ba ctIcTeMa, noSBoJIflBaII{a oTxBbpJItHeTO Ha

6u6rurorpalpcK[re 6erexru nog rIrHIrq I4 3anasBaI{ero caMoHa OHe3tI, CBbp3aHI/t C HtKaKBa AWCKyCIIfl, yTOrIHtBaHe IdiII[rpenparKa.

Tasrd crrcreMa [peAnoJlara, qe o6qara 6wlrazcl.paQvn e

cbcraBeHa Ha 6asara Ha IlMero Ha aBTopa I{ roAl4nara Ha

nbpBoTo r[sp.aH.we Ha KHtrrara wlrm craTWITa, 3a Kotro cTaBa

Bbnpoc. Taxa 6a6tuorpa<[uara I{sHIe)KAa rro eAI4H or cJIeA-

HI{Te HaqI{Hr,r, nO us6op:

Corigliano, Giorgio1968 Marketing-Strategie e teoiche, Milano, Etas Kompas S.p.A.

(2*ed. 1973, Etas Kompass Libri), crp. 304.

CORIGLIANO, Giorgio1969 Marketing-Strategie e tecriche, Milano, Etas Kompas S.p.A.

(2*ed.1973, Etas Kompass Libri), crp. 304.

Corigliano, Giorgio, t969, Mafteting-Suategie e teoriche, Milano, Etas

Kompas S.p.A. (2*ed. 1973, Etas Kompass Libri), crp. 304.

Tara crcras enara lrr6nmorpaQut BI4 rIo3BoJIfl ya, vs6nrnaft-Krd yKa3areJrr u 6enexxara rroA JII{Ht{t, Aa nldlIrere raKa:

B usclegeanero Ha cbrrlecrByBalllure npolyKTu,,pa3Mepure na o6pa-

seqa r[lurquoHrrpar cbrJracro cneqr,rlfnuur re ilBItcKBaHvfl Ha npo6ara"(Corigliano, 1969:73). Ho ctu{nsrT oolr Kopnnauo 6eue npe1ynpe4ur, qe

geQunupanero Ha noBbpxoncrra e qeQr,rurqnr sa ylo6crno (1969:71).

204205

V, 4. Eenexxr,rre no[ Jrr4Hrrt

Karso rpaBr{ rrr4Tarerffr? flponeprna n bu6luorpaQvtnaupa36l4pa, tle obo3HaqeHl{ero,,(Corigliano, 1969:73)" o3HaqaBa

,,crpaHr4rla 73 or xnrlrara Marketing u m.H. It m.H."Tagra cucreNaa ocso6oxqaBa reKcra or oceMAecer [poIIeH-

ra or 6ereNrure. OcBeH ToBa Brr [o3BoJItBa Aa rlpewlrrlereAaHHr4Te or BKJrroqeHr4Te B 6u6morpaQwffa Knrrlrlr/t eAIdH-

eIr{HcTBeH IIbT.Tara qe roBa e [penopbql4TeJlHa cl{creMa roraBa, Koraro

rpa6ea Aa rlr{Tr4pare MHoro KHMtr/g Ho Aoplr Ir Koraro rIoJI3Ba-Te caMo egna, rs6arnare rrocroflHr{r{Te nonrexqaHvfl. Ha 6e-Jre)KKrd, 3apaArd HaKoe ibidem, op.cit.Ir r. H. Ts ce .flsssa Han-pano neo6xoA[Ma, Koraro tpx6ea Aa [peAaAere c6I{T nper-JreA Ha Jrr{Teparypara no nsrofr Bbrlpoc. BseNrere Ha[ptlMep

Qpasa Karo Ta3r,r:

llpo6nenarr e 6lrn o6urr,rpuo Al4cKytr{pan ot Stumpf (19a5: 88-100),

Rigabue (1956), Azzimonti (1957), Forlimpopoli (1967), Colacicchi (1968),

Poggibonsi (1972) v Gzbiniewsky (1975), aoraro e Harbrluo upene6pernar orBarbapedana (1950), Fugazza (1967) v Ingrassia (1970).

Axo sa BcflKo or re3tl flocoqBaHl4fl rlocraBrre no eAHa 6e-JIe)KKa, ilIe I43nSJIHIfTe CTpaHrrrlara IIO HeBepotTeH Haqr{H, ara qilrarenqr rrle 43rrycHe or norJIeA xpoHoJlorr{qra Ha IdHTe-

peca KbM pa3rurexAaHua npo6revr.Ho ragu cr{creMa Moxe Aa ibyuKqtloHtlpa caMo rplr orlpe-

AeJreHr4 ycroBtls:a) cavro Koraro craBa Bbnpoc ga xornozeHHa u cnequatu3u-

patn 6vt6rtorpa0rdfl, Ko.flTo Berre e no3Hara Ha r€etr{, KoI4To Iqeuemr paoorara Br,r. Aro ropeueJlo)KeHoro I4spexAal{e ce orHa-cr Hanpr4Mep Ao ceKcyam{ocTra Ha 3eMHoBo[HI4re (eAHa MHo-ro cneqn<fruua [po6reMarrrKa), ro rII4rareJII4Te 6lr rpa6nanoAa 3Harrr, qe rtog ,,Ingrassia 1970" ce pa36rdpa roMbr Ozpauurae-

Huetno 6 pailcdae/nounma npu xa1ume (lrru uone Aa ce Aoce-TfT, qe CTaBa BbnpOC 3a I,f3CJIeABaHe Ha aBTOp, qIdI4TO I{HTepe-crr ca rpailmo cBbp3aH[ c rasr{ TeMa). Aro ntr ntIllrere AI4[-JroMHa pa6ora Bbpxy r{raJrr{aHcKara KyJITypa npe3 IrbpBara IIo-JIOBI{Ha Ha BeKa, Iqe Ilr4fl4pare rmcareln[, IrogTtl, norr[Tur\w,

V. Hanucsaue Ha Ar4[JraMuara pa6o:ra

(floroco<[u rd rdKoHoMr4crri 14 Ta3rd cr4creMa Beqe HrMa Aa BuBbprrrr{ pa6ora, 3arrloro Hr{Koft He e cBrdKHaJr Aa pa3rro3HaBaKHr4rr{Te no roAI4HaTa r4M Ha r(3AaBaHe rr aKo e B cbcTorHr{e Aaro rIpaBId B IIrrKofl TqcHo cleurlaJlr{3r4pana o6racr, To roBa He

o3HaqaBa, qe Mox<e Aa ro npaBl4 BbB BcIdrIKI4 o6nactt4.6) cauo aKo craBa Bbnpoc sa cbspe/ueHua 6v6ntorpa$w.

r[IIr[. TaKaBa or rIocJIeAHI4Te ABe croJlerl4t. .flcno e, qe H.rIMaKaK Aa \wrrrpare Apucrorel rro ra3rd crrcreMa.

n) cavro aKo craBa Bbnpoc sa HayqHa 6ra6mrorpa<pvrs. He enpldero Aa rr{rrrere ,,Moravia, 1929", ra ga o6osHa\MTe Bespas-/tuqHume, Aro pa6orara Br4 orroBapr Ha re3rr yclroBvts., cusre-MaTa aBTop-roAr4r{a e [pelopbrrrdTeJrHa 3a Bac.

B ra6nuqa 18 Ir1e HaMeprdre cbrrlara crpaurrrla or ra6mr-qa 16, Ha[paBeHa rro HoBara crrcreMa: rd rrle Br{Ar4Te, rre rr erro-KparKa, c eAHa-eAr{HcrBeHa 6elexra, BMecro urecr. 06-ulara 6r6nworpaSua (ra6.nuqa 19) a rosu cnyrafr e MaJrKono-AbJrra, Ho 3a cMerKa Ha roBa e no-rcHa. Ilopeguqam orTpyAoBe Ha eAIdH rd cbrrlla aBTop ce Ha1vsa Ha orrrd (sa6emsa-II CTe, qe [pr4 ABa TpyAa oT eAHa r{ cbrrla roArdHa ce r{srroJr3-ear r,r 6yrnr), nrrperunrdre rpenparKr{ rrvr 6lr6maorpa(frrraca no-6rpsn.

IIle ea6elexere, qe rrprd ro3r{ BaprdauT orfiaga ,,c6." rtr

c6opnuqure flonaAar rroA r{Mero Ha cbcraBrrrew. Qt Havcryr-Ha, KaKBo 6r,r osHaqaearo ,,C6., 1977", cJIeA Karo Mo>I(e Aa ceorHacr Ao [peKaJrerro MHoro rnurur).

I{e o6rpHere BHrrMagr,re r Ha Qama, rre BMecro Ea,Bnvrc-Bare crarrdvne, ny6nwKyBaHld s Hmofr c6opnur, MoN(e AarrocraBrrre e 6r,r6rurorpaQvnra - noA rdMero Ha aBTopa -c6opnma, or rofiro ca B3errd; Apyr nbr rrle qr{rr.{pare c6op-HtIKa caMo npu craruflra. flprunHara e [pocra. C6opnrxraro Steinberg&Jakobovitz, 1971. ule 6tAe rlrdrr4paH caM 3ace6e cu,3arrloro BKJrroqBa MHoro crarvvt (Chomslqy, 1971;Lakoff, I97l; McCawley, I97I). Tovr raro Structure ofLanguage ua Kaq r (Dogop rqe 6rle r{rdrrrpaH ilprr c"rarwfia,,The Structure of a Semantic Theory" Ha cbrrlr{re aBTopr{, sa-rrloro HrMa Aplrr{ TeKcroBe n 6u6wrorpaSwnra, Kor,rro Aa carrg[aAeHr,r B To3rr c6opnnr.

t--

206 207

V. 4, Eenexrure rroA Jrrrurlt

OcseH ToBa ra3ld cr4creMa BI,f rIo3BoJIflBa BeAHara Aa BrlAlfreroArdHara Ha rrbpBoro lz3p.aurre Ha AaAeH ryyu. llopaArr roBacr{creMaTa aBTop-roAr4Ha e rroJIeSHa [pr{ clerlr4a l[.[svpaHrl vt3c_IteaBauufr B paMKr{Te Ha orrpeAeJreHa Ar4crlr4rrtuna, rrit Karo eBaxuo Aa ce 3Hae xofr nprn e [peAJro)slJr AaAeHa reopvs. t[JlrHanpaBr4Jr AaAeHO OTKpr{Tr4e.

I/Ivav oule eAHa rrpvtqrrr*a, [opa4r4 KoflTo e x(eJrareJrHo, Ko-raTo e BbSMO>r(HO, Aa I43nOJI3BaTe Cr4CTeMaTa aBTOp-rOAr4Ha.llpe4cmnere cv, qe cre Hanr{caJrrd Ar{ruroMHa pa6ora-c r{3KJrro-r{r4feJlHo MHoro 6elexru ilon Jrwnufl, TaKa qe, MaKap rr aa illHoMeprrpaTe IJIaBa IIO ffraBa, Ce IIOJI) IaBaT no cToTI4Ha 3a BCt-Ka or rJlaBrrre. I4seeqmx ce ceulare, rre cre npolycHaJrrl Hr-roft eilKeH aBrop, Kororo He Mo)Kere ga npene6peinere: u naBcr{rrKoro orrope rpr6na Aa ro rlr4T}rpare orqe B HaqaJroro HanraBara. II{e rpa6na Aa cJroNU{Te nosa 6eret{Ga rr Aa [poMeHu-re HoMeparlr4flra r{a Apyrr4re cro!

flpu cncreuara aBrop-roArdua rosr npo6leM orraAa: rpoc-To rlocraBflTe B TeKcra cro6u, BKJIIOqBaTTII4 ilvre wgara, n go6a-Bsre sanraBr4ero KbM bu6rmorpaQvxra (c xrrMrlKaJrKa vrlrw Bnafi-loIurg cuy.rafr lrperrrdcBare egna crparuqa).

Ho ne e Hyr<Ho \a ce cr:.rtrlaAo Berre HafierraraHara pa6ora:HoMeparlr4rra na 6elexrrdre rr rro BpeMe Ha cbcraBflntro ir eAocrarbrrHo AocaAHa pa6ora.

Axo pa6oram Bvr e nnca*a [ocpeAcrBoM r{3rroJr3BaHero HaxoMoreHHa 6lr6luorpaQr4fl, Mox(e ga upu6ernere r4 Ao pa3Jrr4tr-Hr4 cbKparqemvrflHa ctmcamrt4 yre6ur4a, AoKJraI[. Ero nu gnanprdMepa sa nogo6na 6u6.nrorpaQafl., eAuHr,rA or o6nactra naTOqHr{Te HayKr4, Epytttrfl rro MeAr4rIr4Ha:

Mesnil, F. 1896. Etudes de morphologie externe chez les Annelides. Bull. Sci.France Belg. 29:110 - 287.

Adler, P. 1958. Studies on the Eruption of the Permanent Teeth. Acta Genet.et Statist. Med., 8 :78 :94.

He ue nwraitre KaKBo o3HaqaBar. I4exo)KIa ce or rrprruqr4-tra, qe rofiro uere noqo6nr4 rpyAoBe, 3Hae 3a KaKBo craea gyura.

troA Jrr4HrrtV.4. EerexrcmeV. HantrcsaHe Ha Ar4rrJraMHara pa6ora

14. Kax ce nnue AunJroMHa pa6ora 209

Ta6ruqa 18

CTPAHI{TIATA OT TAEJII{UA 16, HATIPABEHAIIo CTTCTEMATA ABTOP-rOArdrrA

9oucru (1965a: 162), uaxap qe rprreMa rpr{Hrlr.rna Ha ula-TeprrperarrdBHara ceMaHTr{Ka Ha Kaq v Oogop(Katz&Fodo r, 1963), cropeA Kor{ro 3HaqeHr4ero Ha r,r3Ka3Ba-

Hero e c6op or 3HaqeH[rrra Ha HeroBr{Te eJreMeHTapH\t c'bc-TaBHU l{agtli'., He ce oTKa3Ba Aa oTcToqBa nbpBeHcTBarrloTofioJroxeHrre na gu6orara cilrrtar<tuqHa crpyKTypa KaroonpeAersrqa gsaqesuero.lPaz6upa ce,Voucrlr ce e flpr{ABroKrdJr or rrbpBoHaqaJrHr4rea4 fio3\rr\u\t KbM eAHo [o-olpeAeJreHo pas6upaHe, 3ararHa-ro Beqe B paHHure rry pa6our (Chomsky, 1965a: 163),rrocpeAcTBoM wrct<ycwrTe, paBHocMeTKa oT Kor4To MoxeMAa HaMepr{M r Chomsky, 1970, rsgero [ocraBfl ceMaHTr{q-Hara ,rrrrepnperarlr{ff MexAy gr,l6orara crpyr(rypa rr rro-BbpxHocrHara crpyKTypa. Apyru aBropr.r (uanpulurepLakoff, I97I), ce onrrrBar Aa cbcraBflr reHeparrrBHa ceMaH-TuKa, ilptr Korro Jrorr{Ko-ceMaHTr4rrHara Qopvra reHepr{pacaMara c'rHraKrrrqHa crpyKTypa (cpanHu crrqo McCawley,1e7t).

k;"6"p rraHopaMeH norne,q Bbpxy ra3r.r reHAeHrlr4r nuN Ruwet, 1967.

208

Ta6rnqa L9

IIPI4MEP 3A EI,IBJIIOTPAOI4fl tIO CTICTEMATAABTOP-fOAI4rrA

Chomsky, Noam, Aspects of a theory of Syntax, Cambridge, M. I.I965a T. Press, 1965, crp. W-252

1965b

r970

Katz Jerrold J&Fodor Jerry A1963

Lakoff, Georgyt97l

Ruwet, Nicolas1967

,,De quelques constantes de la theorielinguistique", Diogene, 5L, 1965.

,,Deep Structure, Surface Structure andSemantic Interpretation", in AAW, Sndies inOiental and General Linguistics, cscr.Jakobson, Roman, Tokyo, TEC Corporationfor Language and Educational Research, 1.970,

crp.52 - 91; crrqo u Steinberg&Jakobovits,l97l crp. 183-216.

,,The Structure of a Semantic Theory",Language 39, 1963 (cru1o n Katz J.J.&Fodor J.A., The structure of Language,Englewood Cliffs, Prentic e-HaII, !964,crp. 479-518).

,,On Generative Semantics", n Steinberg&Jakobovitz, I97 I, crp. 232-296.

McCawley, James ,,Where do noun phrases come from?"L971 u Steinberg& Jakobovitz, 1971, crp.2I7-231.

Introduction d. la grammaire generative,

Paris, Plon, c:rp. 452.

Steinberg, D.D.&Jakobovitz L.A., eds.

t97t S emantics : An Interdisciplfu ary Readerin Philosoplry, Linguistia and Psyclwbgt,Cambridge, Cambridge University Press,

I97t,c:rp.X-604.

V. Haurcsane Ha [r,rrrJraMHara pa6ota

V. 5. Ilperynpex,qeur,rfl, KrrorrKr,r, [paKTnKJr

Ees6pofrnu ca yr!{eHr{rra, KoilTo ce r{3rroJrBar B HayqHI4Te

TpnoBe, 6ee6pofrnu ca r{ KIronKr4Te, B Kotr{To Mo)Ke Aa ce oso-nere. Tyr qe Br{ npeAocraBq, MaJrKo HarrocoKr{, r{JrKoJrKo cbBe-Ta, Ko\[To He [3rreplnar upo6neMr,tre na ,,CapracoBoroMope",* npe3 Koero Br{ flpeAcrorl Aa npeMr{Here [prr Hanr{cBa-Hero Ha Ar4nnoMHara pa6ora. Tesu rparrur flpelyfipexqeHrlrrrpa6ea Aa Br4 [oMorHar Aa crr AaAere cMerKa 3a rlrJr Kyrr olac-nocna, c Kor4To rpn6na caMrl Aa ce cnpaBr{Te.

He ce nosoeaeailme Ha lrumepamypa, t(oeamo nutaeme sa o6-u4ou36eanHu Heup. Hl,rrofr ne 6r rroMrdcJrr4Jr qa uauuure ,,Ha-rroJreoH, cnopeA llygnrr, e [oqr{HaJr na Csera EreHa:", MaKapve uoqo6na Har{BHocr rrecro ce cperqa. Jlecno e Aa ce Ka)Ke, qe

,,MexaHtr{rrHr4rlr craH, KaKTo rasna Maprc, e oloBecrr{Jr Hacrbrr-BaHgro Ha rdrrAycrprdaJrnara peBoJrrorgff", Ho roBa e o6ulonplr-ero cxBarrlaHe r,r ro orqe or [peArr Maprc.

He npunuceailtne ua dadeu aemop uden, ranmo moil npedaaatrnmo rtytcda. He cauo 3arrloro rqe r6Jre3e, rre cre [oJBBaJrr{ He-

cb3HaTeirHo rd3Bop oT BTopa pbKa, Ho r{ 3arrIOTo BsrrpocHr4rT aB-rop Mox(e Aa e [pr.{Bemaeflta,6es Aa ff nprreMa. B eAno Moe no-MaraJIo Bbpxy 3HaKa, rr3Mexry pa3JrruHr{Te BL3Mo)r(Hrr Krracr4-

Qtn<arym,6n upmen vrra3v na o6oeHa.il{TeJ[M r{ KoMyHr4Ka-

TWBTII 3Har[{, U ilpt/r. egHO ynpax<neHlre B yHr.{BepctrrgTu HaMe-pID( HaIMcaHo, qe,,crropeg Ero sHar{rfie ce [eJrrr na obosHatu-TeJIHII tI KoMyIrI{Karr4BHI4", goKaro a3 BI{HarI,I gbM IlpI4TvII(yBaJI

uogo6no pa3AeJleHr{e, 3arrloro e [peKaJreHo Hego[flJraHo: 6.n<

rrpr{Benra3rd rfqefr.,3aaa6'rila o6ernmeu, Ho He fl 6n nmnplren.

He do1aaailme uHe omcmpatffinailme 1ercww catno sa da cuonpa^ume Ho/uepat4tffima. Moxe Aa Brd ce HaJro)Krd Aa [peMax-Here rdJrrd ga npu6aerre 6elexxa rtprd Berre naneuaraua pa6o--Ilap"*t ttp"^xox,ua or r{cro pt4flTaHaniraBaHero na Xpncro<pop Konyv6 ravArraepnra, xoraro ropa6rTe My nonaAaT e Capracono Mope, nbJrHo c BoAopacnr4,KOI'ITO CLJTHO 3aTpyAHrBail{ flpr4ABr4XBaHeTO TaKa qe Ce HaJraf{uro na frrpa3cl4qar c 6pagnn. Ilo-xrcHo cJryqKara npngo6r,rna Mt{ToJrorrlqeH xapaKTep. -6en. peg.

210 211.

V. 5. Ipegynpe4leHr{ff, Krro[Ku, npaKrrlKr4

ra. B rarflsa cilysav. rlrJrara HoMepary{r rpn6na Aa ce [paBrrHaHOBO r4 e MHOIO Henpr{nrHo,, aKo BbpBI4 He nraBa no rnana, aor HaqaJroro Ao Kpar ua pa6omra (e4no e Aa rrolpaBrrrr oreAHo Ao Aecer, a cbRceM Apyro or eAHo go cro). 3aroea soBeKce rrcKyrrraBa ga npr6anmrrrw r{3xBbpJrrd nsror6enexra, 3a AaHe npelpaBr HoMeparlrrflra. HoeeurKo e. Ho sce nar 6u 6rurono-1o6p,e ga nocranrre AorrbJrHrlTeJreH 3HaK Karo rr+'; "+ i; ;r.n. Pas6rpa ce, ToBa Mo)r(e vrAa:aece xapeca Ha Hqrofr or qJre_HoBgre Ha KoMr{crlrna r{ 3aroBa e Haft_go6pe, flprd Bb3Mo)KHocr,Aa HarrpaBr4Te HoMeparlrdrTa HaHOBO.

I4'na ua,auuu! npu Koumo ednoepeneuuo da 4umupame omTopa pbKa u da cnasume Hoplnume sa HqtqHa r@peKrrunon.Brnaru e no-4o6pe Aa He ce \wrttpa or Bropa pbKa, uo [orur_Kora HflMa Apyr Haqr4H. Hsxor,l npenoprvnai gee czcrernlr. [acr4 rrpeAcraBtr{M, qe Cegauem,r wlmtpa or Currr rtsbpAeHrdgTo,qe ,,e3I{ICbr Ha IFIeJTI{Te Mo)Ke ga 6tge oIMcaH c repMI4HoJrorll_flTa Ha rpancQopuar[4oHHara rpavrau,rra... llrpnr naur4H: rroc_TaBrMe aKrIeHTa Bbp)ry Qarca, ve Ce4aHenr [oeMa orroBop_Hocrra 3a ToBa rBbpAeHr{e; ToraBa rrle KDKeM n 6enexra, c neocobeHo eJrerauTrrara Qopuyla:

1. C. Sedanelli, il Linguaggio delle api, Milano, Gastaldi, 1967, crp. 45(nprane5ga C. Smith, Clnmslcy ad Bees, Chattanooga,VallechiaraPress, 1966, p.56).

Bropu HaqrrH: pe[rrlJrr4 cMe Aa r3BaAr4M HarBe (far<r4 ueBbpAeHr4eTO e Ha clc,rr mwMtpawe ceAauelr,r cauo sa Aayc_IIOKOIIM CbBeCTTa CI/r, CJ/ren\ KaTO CMe IOJTBaJII4 I,I3BOp OT BTOpaprra. B rirrmB cryqaft s 6enelrcara qe H;rurreld:

1. C. Smith, Chomslry and Bea, Chattanooga, Vallechiara press, L966,c1R. 56 (urnrpan no C. Sedanelti, il Linguaggio delk api, Milano,Gastaldi, 1967, crp. 45).

Buuaizu daaailme moqHa uruQoprna4un 6bpxy rqumuqHumetndauun, npepadomnrme u dpyzime nodo6iu. Fiiirrraiw n";:

HflBafiTe AanI{ AaAeHo I{3AaHIde e KpI4TI,IIIHO U ril/tfl' e peAaK-

rlr4fra My.AKo BToporo IIJII,I N-TO I,I3AaHI{e Ha H.fiKOfi TeKCT e

AonbJrrreHo Id Kopldfl4paHo, oT6eJlexeTe ToBa, B npoTIdBeH

cJrrrafi Mo)I(e Aa Hanl{Iuere, rle Heql{e rBbpleHl{e, I{3Ka3aHO

B AonbJrHeHo rr3AaHr4e or 1970, e tl3pa3eHo oIIIe B IrbpBoroDrslla$vre or 1940, Koraro oII{e He ca6firil orKptITI,{ K}m Helqa,

AOBeJrrd AO Bb[pocHoro rBbpAeHI4e.Bnwvtaeailme, Kozamo qutnupame aHmuwH u36op om vyJtt-

deanpaueu metrcm, EAua r cblr{a nldtlHocr Moxe Aa ce Hapldlla

pa3JrrdrrHo B pa3JIIdtIHIdre KyJrrypt{. Oparnrysme Haplrtlar Piened'Espagne, rosld, rofrro 3a wraiuaHql4Te ne e Pietro di Spagna, a

Pietio Ispano. Te rassar Scot Erigene, a vffaltvIanr[rre ScotoEriugena- Aro uauepllre B aHrru{frcrr rerct Nicholas of Cues,

crana nmpoc sa Niciolo Cusano, BltffaJmancrcr Bapllalrr (rara,KaKTo e scHo Ha KaKBo orroBapsr Petrarque, Petrarch,MichelAnge, Vinci, Boccace). Robert Grosseteste Ha I,maJIIlaHc-

Kr{ craBa Roberto Grossatesta. Albert [,e Grand ulr Albert theGreat e vnarnancKI4fl,Alberto Magno. Mncrepuosnmr Aquinase SanTommaso dAquino. To3r, roirro 3a aHrJIr4qaHI4I4I'epMaH-

ryr e Anselm (of, von) Canturbury, 3a IrraJII4aHIIrrre e AnselmodAosta. Roger van der Wayden u Rogier de la Pasture e eulH I4

cnqu xygoxnur. Crqoro Ba>Ktrtr3a rpaAoBsr€: Den Haag, TheHague, I-a.Haye, LAja u Xara ca epfitrr. cblr[l rpar*

Kar la HayrIdM Te3Id HeIrIa, cJreg Karo re ca crou,tqu?Karo .rerervr Ha pa3JII,rtIHv e3rrr\rt no eAHa I4 cblqa rcua. Kofi-TO He 3Hae Te3I4 HeUIa npaBld B[eqaTreHl4e Ha napBeHlo I{ Ha

rrpoBl,Hrlr{aJrrdcr: a Koraro craBa Bbrlpoc 3a AI4[JIoMHa pa6o-ra (rato ragvI, B Kotro AI4[JIoMaIrrbr, cJIeA raro 6enre pas-rrvrcTr4lr HflKaKbB I{3BOp oT BTOpa pbKa, AtICKyTIdpaIIre BbpxyBpb3KrdTe r"rexAY Apye u Boltep) BMecTO rIpoBr{HIII,faJIIdCT,

ule 6rAe HapeqeH HeBexa.Buu'uaaailme c 4uilpume e auzruilcKltme usdauu"fl' Aro e

anmrfrcro wilm awepvKaHcKo ctfiicanvre cpolluete 2,625

Fco,.o"oua)<]Ivga5uIrapcrunealrx.HanpuvepIiuxolafrKysancxu,Alt-6ep Beturcu, To'ua Axauucru n np. Tyx cauo obrqata KyJrrypa He crtlra, Heooxo-

EU}',.'4 CA I4 CnpaBKt B Cneql,lajrtr3l4paHu ultvt oolult eHIII,IKJIOneAIIU U peqHIUItt'3a Aa ce yroqHr Bb3npueroro y nac uarvenoBaul4e. - 6en. peg.

V. Han[csane Ha AI4rIJIaMnara pa6oraV. 6. Hayurara ropAocr

TOBa O3HaqaBa ABe xt4Ir'd4r [recToTI4H ABaAeCeT I4 rreT, AOKa-ro 2.25 e ABe rlrJro ABaAecer rr ner.

Eaazodapuocrnu -flpoana ua go6lp Br(yc e, aro ulrofr, oc-BEH HA)FIH'f'T BT{ PbKOBOAI/NETL BI/I E TIOMOTHAJI CbC CbBET'{,Krrrrw rlJrr{ no Apyr Haqr4H, ila m3pasl,.rre 6larogapnocna caupea 6enexra, [ocraBeua B Haqaroro wrvrBKpuua pa6oram.Ocnen roBa raKa rrle craue rcHo, qe gre ce KoHcyJrrr{paJrr4 cpa3JrrlrrHrr xopa. Hauporr4B, rrporBa Ha Jrorrr BKyc e Aa 6naroAa-pr{Te Ha rrayrmr,rn crr pbKoBogrrel. Axo BI4 e rroMorHar, rofrlrpocro crr e cBbprrrzl pa6orara.

Moxe Aa Bu ce cJryqr{ ga 6narogaprdre Ha nqrofr ) ren, Ko-roro HayqHuffT Br4 pbKoBoAr4TeJr rpygHo [oHacff. II]e ce nony-rll,t aKaAeMI4rIeH cKar{AzIJI. Aro rosa craHe, B}IHara esallua.Mruce AoBeprBare Hanaylrnwfl crd pbKoBoArtteJrrr axo rofr BId e Ka-3aJr, qe x y e rJrlmaK, e rpx6rano Aa ro flocJryruare vr aa He KoH-cyJrr4paTe Bb4pocHr{r x y; Il.dlrvr BamIl4'T HayqeH pbKoBoA[Ter eqoBeK rrUrpoKo cKpoeH r4 flopaAr,r ToBa rrpr{eMa rreroBr{rT rre-III{K Aa Ce KOHCyJrTrrpa r4 c aBTopv, c rilfiltto no3r4rlr4r4 rofr He ecbnlaceH rd Hr4Kora se 6u HanpaBrdJr o{r roBa rroBoA 3a Ardcr(y-crlm Hacpe4 3arr[4TaTa BVr; vfim BarlJyutT Ha]qeH pbKoBoAr4TeJr ecnpID(aB, 3aBr4CTrrB r4 IIOrMaTr4rreH A{AKa yr Blle [pocTo rrerpr6na ga pa6onrre c Hero.

W axo cr€ pemrdJrr{ ga pa6ourre c AaIeH qoBeK, gnaefitor saHeAOCraTbr[4Te My, caMo r4 caMo 3arrloTo AyMaTa My ce qyBa rd

BCe IIaK IpmrdpaT€ oMpa3eH HeMy ] reH, TO Br4e Cre Cn IIOCJTeAO-

BareJrHo HerrecreH. Torasa ne ryruapairre Apytrtfl, rrloM cr€ pe-lfir:l;mga 6rgere or recroro Ha HafrHrlr cr4 pbKoBogrmer.

V. 6. Hayuuara roplocr

B IV. 2. 4. ronopuxve 3a HafrHara cKpoMHocr, "rfl. ce or-Hacr Ao MeToAa Ha rr3cJIeABaHe r4 npoq'ITa Ha TeKcToBeTe.Cera qe roBoprrM sa Hafrrrara ropAocr. Ts ce ornacrr Ao Ky-paxa rrpr4 Harrr4cBalrero Ha Ar4[JroMuara pa6ora.

HqN{a Hr{qo [o-Apa3rreqo or ArlrrJrornnru pa6orr (a nona-Kora r Knvffv), B Korrro aBTopbr rrocro.flHHo BMbKBaHeucKaHu uS6uHeHu^n.

2r22r3

V. Hauncsaue rra Ar{[JraMHata pa6ora

He cve xaanulplrqrpaHrr, 3a Aa ce 3aHr4MaBaMe c re3l4 B6npoct{, Ho

'6rxrrae ce ocMeJrr4Jrr4 [a npelJro)rc4M cJreAHaTa xr4lloTe3a:

3a xarso He cre KBaJrr4ibrflIr4panvr? llocserrlJu cre MeceIIId,a Mo)Ke 6uw.rogvtruaHa r436paHara TeMa, BeporrTro cre llpoqe-Jrr4 BCtr{qKO, KOgrO e MOnIO Aa 6bAe flpoqeTeHo, pa3CbXIaBaJIIdcTe, BoAIdJrr{ cTe cld 6enexKa I/I BbnpeKr{ ToBa TBbpAuTe, qe He

cre KBaJrr4owprpawr? Ho rareo c1e [paBrdJur [pe3 rlrJrororoBa BpeMe? Axo He ce -qyBcrBare rnaruQwplz;panr4 He [peA-craesfiTe ArdlJroMHara cu pa6ora. Axo ce perurdre Ha 3arrlr4Ta,

3HaqI4 ce qyBcrBare roroB rr HrIMare lpaBo Ha IBBuHeHws.Tat<aqe, cJIeA Karo cre I8JIo)KI4JM rr)DKAtITe M.He}IWg' AZIJITI CTe Aa cepas6epe KarGrd ca rpyAHocrr4're rro reMara, nofrcmr[Irugre, qe caBb3MOXHT{ rr Ap)nI4 OTTOBOpT{ Ha nOCTaBeHr4T€ BblpOCI4, AmA-tEeafime. Cnorofrgo HaIrI4IIIere ,,cMflTaMe, qe" Mrrd,,Mo)I(e Aace flpldeMe, qe". Koraro Brre roBopl4TerBrre cre ercueprrr. Aroce oKrDKe, qe He cre eKcrlepr, MHoro JIo[Io, Iro HfiMare npaBoAa cr€ Heperur4TeJren. Ergere cKpoMeH r{ BHrlMareJIeH, npeAld

Aa cr4 orBopr4Te ycrara, Ho Koraro r orBoprfTe, 6rgere ropA.

[a nuruere no npo6reua X, npegnoJrura, qe nuroft [peArdBac He e 6pln romoBa rnrrepflarereH rd rceH no AaAeHara reMa.Tasr r<rrrfa Br yqr4a 6rgere BHr4MareJrHr,r npu lrs6opa Ha reMa,ga r ua6epete raKa, rle Aa 6rAe MaKcI4MaJIHo orpaHldqeno noJle-TO Ha rSCJreABaHe, aKO rqe I{ TeMaTa Aa Ce OKilKe MHOIO JreCHa,

Aoprd Aa nprno6ue ne4ocrofrno qasreH xapaKr€p. Ho gopuroBa, Koero cre us6pa.nu Aa ce Haprdlra Xod na npodat6ume uaetcedneeuu4u 6ffi BecmHuKapcKama 6ydt<n He bzwm Ha y/ru4a

,,ITu3aKaHme" uytu4a,,Modeua" tuetcdy 24 u28 aazycrn 1976,noTagrd reMa rpa6na Ia cre nafr-ronevu,rnr xrlrB aBTopr{Ter.

Aopu Aa cre rryrcalru KoMlrfirarr{BHa ArdnJroMua pa6ora, nKOflTO He CTe Ka3aJrr4 Hr4rrIO HOBO, Btr{e BCe IIaK CTe aBTOprdTeT

no roBa, Koero ca Ka3aJrr Apyrrrre aBTopr{Terrr. Hurofr se 6yr.

tpa6naro Aa [o3HaBa no-4o6pe or Bac 6cttvt(o, Koero e [r{ca-HO rro AaAeHaTa TeMa.

Pas6upa ce, rpx6na ga pa6ourre raKa, qe cbBecrra Br4 Aa er{r cra. Ho roea e Apyr Bbnpoc. Tyr cmna Bbflpoc ea crrar. He6nqere rIJraqJII,fBI{ I4 KoM[JIeKcwpaHvr, 3alrloro e orerlItITeJIHo.

21,4 2t5

Buutuauue: era6ama, Kaamo crcdea e omneqamaHamaKL, runKmo e HanucaHa HA luautuHa. Hanpaaul cbln 20, 3a

da au cttywu rcamo tnodet sa oKoHqamerHomo oQopuarue uapbr@nuca.. I4na zpeutKu u nonpnaKu, snulpmo Humo Q3,

HUmO AUe CJU? 6eSZpeWUu.Otauqame/tHomo oifiop"aaue GKJttoqna daa r<otnnoHeHma:

ot(DHqamertua pedanpm u Hanuc^aHe Ha ruautuHa.Ha npoe noeted oKoHqame/tHarnt pedarc4un cu e 6auta

sadaqa u e mnopqeaca pa6oma, dorcamo HanuceaHemornotce da ce usatputu om /uautuHonucKu u e sauenmquilc-rca pa6oma. B deiionnumelHocm He e moqHo marn. fanpidadeut eud ua rnautuHonucnuz mpyd osuaqaaa daHhnpa^uut u us6op ua nemod. At<o /nau,utHonucKumecledaam cloume co1cmeeuu cmaudapmt't, moea He o3Ha-qn6a, qe dunlonnama pa1oma Hfl.lu& da una c6oe zpa-

ifiuauo ewdeil.cmeue 6bpry qumame.rfl, a mo ule oKa36a'

btunnue dopu u ua crdrptrcaHuemo i. Arco, KaKmo e ped-Ho, mosu us6op cme Hanpantt"/u,t eue, KaKmo u da cme npu-datu ot<ourtametHufl eud na padomama (ua p'otca, Ha rna-r,uuHa, nbK aKo w,e u da cme nuca/tu c eduu-eduncmeeunpbcm utu, o ytcac, da cme ce 3anucaltu Ha rnaeHemoi[on),nta 6eqe mpa6aa da crdtptrca epaQuvnume usucKaaHuflKbln ruautuHonucHomo 6npo.

Emo sauqo 6 ma3u ellaea u/p Harnepume Kawno cbaernuomHoato epaQuunomo oQopntenue, Koumo ulnmuuurnHo6KJuoq6am onpedeteua KaHuen4ufl, maKn u npuruep sa eduu6ud ,,"rtu4e" Ha Bawama pa6oma.

Oceeru mo6a. He e KasaHo, ue HenperueHHo mpa1ea dadademe pa1omama cu 3a uadupane om ttnutuHonucKu.Motrceme u carnu da cetpu.,tume mose, oco1euo arco dun-.hOrnHAmA eu pa^oma u3ucK6a onpedercu mun oQoptnrc-ruue. Oceeu mo6a 6uxme lwoetu da il npudademe nyttcuuaoud, a 6 lnautuHonucHomo 6npo npocmo da a npenutaamno-uucmo.

Brnpocun e da suaeme da nutueme Ha /nautuua uau dailceraeme da ce Hayqume, ocBeH ncuqKo edua .,uautuHa Hacmapo u,le 6u tBtese no-egmuHq. om ycJtyzume Ha rnautuHo-nucHomo 6npo.*

*TexHuqecxnrt cbBerr B Ta3r{ DraBa BDKar 3a eAlaH Beqe fioocraprr Haqr4Haa oQopvrne Ha WKonvcn - Ha nuueula MarrrrrHa. .{Hec uuosuna p'asnonararc KoMnrorbp, ntx 6un rofi ra Ha crapo, a 3a oKoHqareJrHo npen[cBaHe ,,Ha qr{c-to" MHosr4Ha crygeHTra n3noJr3Bar ytryrrare xa nanorobpofiirl,r 6ropa, cliyxlu uKoJrerrl, Kor4To Ha AocrbnHu rleHrl npeparar KoMnrorbpHa o6pa6orxa Ha reKc_ra. Ero 3arrlo npenopbqBaMe Ha qlriarennre ga clegnai npegta nclruxo cbBeru-Te 3a rpae[qHoro pa3noJroxeHue r,r_craHAaprfiTe 3a oQoprraaue Ha orlenHnreqacM, Karo B gbuloro BpeMe ce c-r,o6pasanar c Bb3MoxHoctr{Te v ngucKBanufl-Ta Ha no-HoBara r,r no-cl,BbplueHa rexHoJrorur. Haii-uaaxoro, 3auloro npx pa-6ora c xounrcmp voxe 4a ce nonpaBrr rpeuKure, 6es rona,qa iluqu, n:,;Ktt Eace BMbKBar.qonbJrHeHr.rr, 6es rosa ga narpegu Ha ocraH:urara qacr or reKcra.Tora, pae6upa ce, Moxe ,qa craHe npegu oxbuuatennoro oQpr'rrHe Ha reKgra noc'rpaHr{rlrd, T. H-ap. ,,crpaHupaue", Koero npr,rgaBa yAo6eH t,l npuBneKareJreH B]rAHa pbKonr4ca. Kourucrrrplr cbulo raKa gaua ntsvoxnocr 3a r3no[3BaHe m Hapa3nr4qHrl rexHuKr,r sa rcxcroo6pa6orxa, uegoclrflHtr 3a nl4luerlara MauuHa -HaMaJrrBaHe 14 yBeruqaBaHe pa3Mepa sa urpuQra, Kypcr,rB, floJryr{ep u-rpuQr u r.T.

rrpfi cJry{au ule oTbenr3BaMe B cKoorr KaK eAHo 'rrl,1

Apyro uslrcrraue ua rpa_qrKar9 ule l43rnexAa B KoMrrrorbpHrir Bapr4aHT. B ctorscrgrtsr{e c roga ,,r no-lurpaQlr-uuoro oSoprvrnenue Ha rrasl,r ma-na n Hacrofluero ,t3AaHHe HrMa AaCneABa OQOpMJIeHI4eTO Ha OpIiruHaJIa, Kb,qeTO e n3nOJr3BaH MarutrHonnc, a Uleuanogo6aaa no BbHrrreH nng xorrlnrorrpuo o6pa6oren rercr (c KyporBx,'BMec-ro nolq-egraBaHnr, norryqepHlr urpuerore Ha nsron sarrasrai ndhapariaQr,r ur. H.) - oerr. peA.

VI. OKOHTIATEfl HA PEEAKqI4flAUNNOMHATA PAEOTA

HA

V|.1. FpaQnqHn u3rcKBaHns.

V1.1.1. Ilonema u pascmof,Huf,.

Tasu rnaBa 3anoqBa cbc 3arraBne, il3nucaHo cfflABHl4 EyKByl, nogpa9HeHo B

^flBo (Ho nnoxe n Aa e

qeHmpupaHo B cpeAaTa Ha cTpaHmqaTa). l-naeara e npen-uecTBaHa oT nopeAHuB ct HoMep, B cnyqag u3nilcaH cpl4MCKh Ltuopm (nOCne qe pa3rfleAaMe Bb3MoxHr4Te an-repHarilBu).

Cne.q eANx-ABa npa3Hil pega ce nonBnBa 3arflaBr4eroHa naparpaQa, ro e noApaBHeHo Ha flfBo 14 nogqepmaHo(nonyvepno, bold, cnopeg KoMnprbpHara repMmHno-rr9), KaTo Hocu KaKTo nopeAHilf, HoMep Ha [flaBaTa, TaKavi 6ponnun, Kor4To ro o6o3HaL{aBa. l-locne uABa Ha peA3arnaBueTo Ha noAnaparpaoa, ABa peAa no-Aony: ToBa3arnaBue He e noAqepraHo, 3a Aa ce pa3nrqaBa oToHoBa Ha naparpaQa (npu KoMnorbpa u{e ro oQopMr4MKaro nonyqep Kypct4B tAnv bold italic, cnopeE KoMnlorbp-Hara TepMuHonorur). Texcrur 3anoqBa Tpu peAa cfleAco6cTBeHoTo c14 3anlaBre, a HoBl4gT peA 3anoqBa c Tpr4

rHTepBafla HaBbTpe (npu xon,lnloTbpa ce 3aAaBa KoMaH-

Aa B MeHpro Format, onqnfl Paragraph pa3Aenf dentitation, KoMaHAa First - O,3 nnw 0,5 cm).

Toaa noseonflBa BeAHara Aa pa36epere, qe npeAuu-HIAT a63aq e 3aBbpueH h qe pa3Ka3bT npoAbnxaBacneA nay3a. He rpe6Ba, o6aqe, Aa npv6ftrBare Ao HoBpeA ToKy-Tbit. Toh o3HaqaBa, qe o6oco6eHa qacr or r-le-

nocTHl4fl pa3Ka3, cbAbpxau{a onpe.qefleH 6por4 r43peqe-HnA, e 3aBbpuJeHa il aBTopbT MilHaBa KbM cfleEBaqaTaMt4cb'l. TOea e BCe eAHO Aa KOKeTe, np14 XhBa peq: ,,Pa3-6pa nu?,[o6pe, Aa npoAbn)K]4M."

216 217

VL Oron.rareJrHa peAaKrlr4.rr Ha [n[JIaMHara pabora

Koraro cBbprxilTe c AaAeH naparpa+, ocraBere Me)K-

Ay Hero n oHoBa, KoeTo cneABa - HoBa rnaBa, Apyr na-parpao nnn noAnaparpao, HoBil eArH-ABa peEa.

Tasu crpaHhlla e c ABa hHTepBana Me)KAy pegoBerenph nnueulara MauilHa (npil KoMnprbpa roBa ce Ha-pnqa Line nnra Leading n o6ilxHoseHo ce 3a4aBa aB-TOMal4r{HO MexAypeAre AUIO T. e. npfi uprQr c rofle-MilHa 12 nyHxra, Kor4To e ocHoBeH 3a KoMnprbpHooQopnnen pbKonhc, Me)KAypegnero uMa eenilqilHa 16nyrxra), Ho MHoro AilnfloMHl4 pa6orn ca c no rpl4, 3a-rloro roBa rN npaBil no-qerrBHil, no-o6eMHil, 3at4oro6n 6nno no-flecHo Ea ce 3aMeHil HqKoR HanrcaHa Ha-HoBo crpanuqa (npr KoMnprbpa roBa o3HaqaBa Me)K-

AypeAnero Aa ilMa BeflnqilHa 18 rrinn noBeqe nynxra. BnporpaMHlrfl npogyKr Word sa Windows B ropHaraqacr Ha eKpaHa u3nu3a aBToMarilqHo MeHp, KbAeronoA KoMaHgnre B , U. - bold, italic, noAqepraHo, catA3nnca{tA Tph cr4MBofla c no ABe xopr43oHTanHh qep-Tl4qKn c pa3nhqHo pa3cronHue noMexAy nnn. [lupevAT eAuto, a ocraHaflure ca 3a no uJl4poKr4 uex4ypegnn).Axo r4snon3Bare no-ur4poKo Me)K4ypegile, To rpn6eaAa yBennqure tA pa3croflHr4nTa Me)KAy 3arflaBueTo HarnaBara, 3arnaBilero Ha naparpaQa il no43arflaBuATa.Aro AnnnoMHara er pa6ora e HaneqaraHa B MaurilHo-nilcHo 6ropo unw 6apo 3a KoMnlorbpHa rercroo6pa-6orKa, pa6oreu-1nre B Hero u{e ca nocraBhnh npaBhn-HnTe oTcToAHt4A Ha TeKCTa OT qeTHpl4Te KpaLlqa Ha nnc-ra. Aro caMil cr neqarare reKcra, ruatrre npeABhA, qe

crpaHuqnre qe 6uAar noABbp3aHil no HRKaKbB HaqnH ilBbnpeKn roea rpn6ea Aa 6ugar JrecHil sa qereHe. 3aro-Ba orneBo ce ocraBq no-ronfiMo 6qno none. Xenaren-HO e Aa OCTaBrre il ManKO npocrpaHcrBo orArcHo.

Tash rnaea, nocBereHa na rpaQnqHure tA3ncKBaHtAA,Bb3npor3Bex.qa, eue QoprudTa Ha KHhrara, crpaHrqn-Te Ha Bauara AilnnoMHa pa6ora. Tn ao9opu caMa sace6e cu. Or6enqean cbM c KypcnB onpeAeneHh repMil-Ht4, 3a Ea Bil nOKOKa KaK tA KOra e HyXHO TOBa Aa Ce

VI. 1. fpaQr.ruvil n3lrcKBanvr.

npaBil, Aan cbM 6enexru, 3a ,qa Bn noKaxa KaK craBaTOBa, Cbl4OTO BOKI4 U 3a notrpexAaHeTo Ha rnaBhTe ilnaparpaQnre.

Vl. 1.2. Kypcure u rnaBHu 6yren

Aro pa6orilM c KoMntoftp, nyMnre, Ha KoLtro l4cKaMecnellranHo ga o6upxeM BHilMaHue ce rsnncBar c Kyp-cu1, Ho aro pa6orrM Ha nnueqa MaurHa roraBa ilt ug-nilcBaMe noAqepTaHo.

- Kora ce noAqeptaea? 3aaucu or rilna AnnnoMHa pa-6ora, uo no nprHqunKpurepunre ca cneAHure:

a) pngro il3nofl3BaHn Lryx<AtA:l;,l (xe ce noAqepraBarTe3fi, Koytro ca nphAo6unu rpaxgarcreeuocr);

. 6) nayvHr Ha3BaHL1fl Karo felis catus, euglena viridis,clerus apivorus;

e) rexxuuecKil TepMhHt4, Bbpxy Kot4To t4cKare Aa Ha6-flerHeTe;

r) qenra h3peqeHhfl (crnra Aa He ca npeKaneHo grnrr),npeAcraBnnBau{r reHepanHn 3aKnplleHil I unn Qoprvrynr,r_pal4il EaAeHil teun ,,ucKaMe ga goKaKeM, qe ca HacmbnuAugu6oxu npoMeHu B onpegeaenuemo ,,gyuteBua 6oAecm',,

g) sarnaerA Ha KHTAnA (ue aarnaevATa Ha tnaBu tAnu Hacrarllla or cnncannn);

e) sarnaeus Ha noeruqHil TpynoBe, Ha rearpanHil noc-TaHoBKLt, LlMeHa Ha KaprtAHtA il Ha cKynnropl4: Ilyuun Ban_ua-l1ycra npenpau_la r<w Knowledge and BelieflaXunru-Ka, 3a Aa noKaxe B cBoero r3cneABaxe ,,Etude destextes-Baudelaire lectuer du Brueghel", ee crilxorBope-Hilero Les avengeles Ha Eognep e BAbxHoBeHo or Caen-qume xa Spuoren.

218 219

M. OxouqareJrHa peAaKrlrlr Ha,qr4nJraMHara pa6ora

x) 3arnaBhq Ha exeEHeBHLtqr4 il Ha ceAM nqHVLltA,,Bt4X CTaTilflTa ,,cJteA U36OphTe KaKBO?,,, ECnpeco, 24.06.1976";

s) aarnaenn Ha QnJtMt4, necHn, nilphr{Ht4 npoh3BegeHnfl.

Bnruanre: He nogqepma1aume tlumamume om gpyeuaBmopu,3a KoLlro BaKar npaBnnara AaAeHu e V. 5.;-HenoAr{epTaBatare rercroBe Aopl4 il no-Abnrr or ABa-Tp]4peAa: npeKareHoro noAqepraBaHe ce o6e3cMucnq,KaKTO aKO BhKaTe HenpeKbcHaTo ,,Apb)KTe Kpa.qeqa,Apbxfie KpaAeqa", cKopo nnrora HRMa Aa au o6prqaBHHMaHne. f'logvepraeaHero rpn6aa Aa orroBape Harasn oco6eHa taHToHaLlhF, c Konro 6nxre npoil3Hecnil cb-orBerHilTe AyMr4, aKo qerere reKcra cn,rpn6eaAa npuB_Jteqe BHhMaHheTo Ha qeTnqnt, aKo rora ce e pa3cef,n.

[ZenMcnee Hapilqa 3HAKOBA OyHKUmt cbor-HOUeHileTO MeXAy nnaHa Ha cbAbpxaHileTo vnna_Ha Ha uspa3flBaHero. Tasn peQnnnqurn nocmaBs 0Kprca noHnmuemo ga sHaKa Kamo a9mououua cat4-HOCn.

B unoro KHtAnA, Hapeg c KypchBa (unw c noAqepraBa-runra) ce ilsnon3Bar h rnaBHnre 6yram, Kot4To ca no-ManKil or re3il, u3nofl3BaHu 3a 3arflaan+Ta m sa co6cr-BeHilTe nMeHa. Tarue upraSr HflMa npil nilueqara Ma-ulhHa r 3aroBa Moxe Aa non3Bare (HltHoro necrenrao!)rflaBHilTe 6yxeu 3a orAenHn EyMt4 c oco6eHo gHaqerhe.B rarcue cnyuara Mo)Ke Aa nocraBrre c fnABHl/ EyKBt4KnoLtoBhre AyMt/ BbB Baulara pa6ora, a nbK t4e no4qep_TaBaTe qlDKAhquTe v 3arnaBVATa.

Hera 6u4e gcHo, qe BnHaril Koraro il3nilcBare rexHil-qecKil TepMilH c rnaBHLt 6yxeu (cur4oro Baxr v aKo u3_nor3Bare KypcltB t4JtN noAqepraeaHe), rpn6ea ga eo nofl_cHume Beguaea npegu utu Beguaea cneg moBa. He usnon_gsarare rfiaBHn 6yrau or pa3naneHocr (,,Toea, Koero orK-

VI. 1. fpaQuvtv ul"tcKBanur

phxMe Hh ce crpyBa or PEI.UABAIJ{O 3HaqeHhe 3a Haue-To l43ctreAeaHe"). f1o npnxqrn He ce pasnaneatlre, Heilgnonggahre yAuBurenHLl, Ht4To MHororor{l4n (ocaex eaAa noKaxere npeKbcBaHe B Lll4TLlpaH rercr). Y4ileilren-Hr4, MHororor{l4r, rnaBHil 6yxan 3a HerexHilqecKil TepMil-Hn ce r3nofl3BaT oT nilcaTenu-ArneTaHTn u ce nof,BgBaTcaMo B KHVftA, OTneqaTaHn Ha pa3HocKn Ha aBTopa.

Vl. 1. 3. IlapaepaQu.

Bcern naparpaQ Moxe Aa ilMa noAnaparpaQu, rarroe B Hauilf cnyvatt. Aro noA.aepTaeM 3arnaBneTo Ha na-parpaQa, rpn6aa Aa He noAqepraBaMe roBa Ha noAna-parpa$a, 3a Aa ce pa3nnqaBar or npbB norneg. (npnKoMnprbpHa rercroo6pa6orra 3arnaBuero Ha naparpa-Qa ce ta3nhcBa c peAoBHUr nonyqepHn 6yren, a roBa HanognaparpaQa - c noAyqepnu xypcu0ru.) OceeH roeaHa noMot{ tAABa l HoMepaqngTa, KoFTo cbrllo cuAeracrea3a pa3rpaHhLiaBaHeTo Ha oTAeflHnTe qacTm Ha BauaTapa6ora. 9urarenRr 6ee npo6nerrnu pas6npa, L{e c pilMcKrIqr4Qph e o6osxa,{eHa maBara, c nbpBara apa6cra qrQ-pa - naparpaQa, a c Bropara - noAnaparpaQa.

Vf . 1. 3. flapaepaQu. Tyr noBropl4xMe 3amaBhero HanognaparpaQa, ea Aa noKOKeM eAHa no-pa3nhqHa cuc-TeMa; B HeR 3ar.naBnero e qacr or caMhfl naparpaQ u enog''{epraHo (rypcnenpaHo). Tasn cncreMa Bbprur4 pa6o-Ta, cT[fa Aa He ce Hanara.qonbnHhTenHo noApa3AennHeHa caMilTe naparpaQu, Heqo, Koero noHflKora e nofle3Ho(xaxro ule BilArM B Ta3r rnaaa).

Moxe il Aa h3nofl3Bare HoMepaqils 6eg sarnaeils.Ero er npuMep 3a roBa KaK Mo)Ke tra ce BbBeAe napar-paQ canao c qNQpn:

Vl. 1.3. Texcrur6n sanoqnan BeAHara cneg qnQpure,a nbK qenilnr pen 6u 6nn orgeneH Ha ABa peAa or npe-Ar4urHr4r naparpaQ. Bce nax nogsarnaBilero He caMo no-Mara Ha quTaTefls, Ho n Hanafa nocneAoBaTerHocT B TeK-

220221

M. OxoH,{areJrua peraKqr4r Ha Ar,rnJraMHara pa6ora

cra, 3aAbr>Ka3anKtl aBropa Aa AeoilHmpa naparpa+a(cnegosarenHo Aa.qane Ha Qoryc ocHoBHt4n pa3rnexgaHnpo6neM). 3arnaenero Bh noKa3Ba cMncbna or o6oco6n-BaHero Ha naparpaQa raro raKbB.

C nnn 6es sarnaarn, qrQpmre, n3non3BaHm 3a HoMe-paqilflTa Ha rflaBnre r naparpaQnre Morar ga 6ugar pas-nn\Hn no BilE. B naparpaQ Vl. 4., ,,CugupxaHilero", uleorKphere HflKoilKo npnMepa 3a HoMepaqms. Cauara op-raHil3aqmn Ha cbgbpxaHrero rpn6ea roqHo Aa orpa3flBaTa3il Ha reKcra m o6parHo.

Vl. 1. 4. Ka$uqxu u gpyeu sHaqu

Kaailqxrre ce u3nofl3Bar B cAegHume cAyqau'

a) qurnpane Ha [3peqeHnevnn ureo6qo Ha qacr orreK-cra Ha Apyr aBTop, npunoMHfitrlKl4, ue cnopeA Campbell ra

Ballou, ,,[lpeKnre LIATarn, HenpeBrulaBau{m rpil MaunHo-nt cHu peAa, ce nocraBcr B KaBnqKn u B TeKcra";1

6) rlr,rrmpane Ha eguHnqHil AyMt4 or Apyr aBTop, KaKTonpaBhM ryK, HanOMHnnKV, qe cnopeA cnoMeHaTilTe aBTO-pu.Campbell ra Ballou Haunre KaBw.tKtA ce Hapilqar,,quo-tation marks" (a rur,r Karo roBa e q)rKA l43pa3 MoxeM Aaro r3nnueM il Karo quotation marks). Or cauo ce6e cr cepas6npa, qe, aKo npileMeM TepMnHonornera Ha HauureaBTOpl4 Lt r3nofl3BaMe TepMilHa KaTO HaU, HflMa Ea nu-g9!.,quotation marks", a quotation marks il Aopl4 eUO-TATION MARKS, aKo AunnoMHara nn pa6ora e Bbpxy aH-rflocaKcoHcKure rnnorpaQcKil npaKTilKu (sauloro craBaAyMa 3a TexHhqecKm TepMilH, npeAcTaBnflBau{ eAHa oTKareropill4Te Ha Haunre nocraxoarn) ;

e) o6r4oynorpe6neaHil TepMhHt4 tAnn raKVBa Ha .qpyrrlaBTOpl4, KOI4TO t4CKaMe Aa npeAcTaBnM KaTO ,,TaKa Hape_

ffipbell ra S.V.Ballou, Form and Styte-Thesis,Reports, Term Papers. 4-ro nsganre, Boston,Houghton Mitflin, 1974, crp.40.

222 223

M. 1. fpar[uurtr u3ucKaar:'iu

qeHr4flT...". lJle uanmueM, qe roBa, Koero ugeanrcrnqec-Kara ecrervKa pa36npa no4 ,,noe3r4n" HqMa cbulkrn o6x-Bar Karo rexHilqecKilfl TepMurH noE3l/fl B Karanora HaHflKOF l43AaTenCKa Kbula, KbAeTO Cnyxh 3a pa3rpaHilqe-Hhe or PA3KA3I/ tt OL|EPUI4. flo culrltrs HaqilH Moxe AaKa)KeM, qe cxBaqaHero Ha ylenMcnee sa 3HAKOBAOyHKUt4fi noEnara Ha cbMHeHme o6qonpileroro cxBa-qaHe 3a ,,3HaK". He e xenarenHo Aa non3Bare KaBilLtKt4,c Llefl Aa noEqepTaeTe nsrora TepMilH, 3aqoTo ToBa cenpaBr c noAqepraBaHe;

r) qrraru Ha rearpanHn pennhKn. Moxe Aa Ka)Kere,qe Xarrnner npoil3Hacfl ,,Ea 6uga rAnn Aa He 6b,qa", MaKap

'{e a3 npenopbqBaM cfleAHoro:

Xamnem - Aa 6una nnn Aa ne 6vtra?

ocBeH aKo cneqilann3npaHaTa nnTeparypa, KoflTo ulenor3BaTe He npenopbqBa Apyrn MeToEl4.

Kax Aa qhrupaMe reKcr B KaBnqKn, aKo B Hero cblqonMa Llhrar B KaBilqKh? lzlsnonsearaxu npocrv KaBWtKt ,

Koraro rpn6ea Aa KaKere, qe cnopeA Cunr ,,Qanno3xarapennrKa'Aa 6uAa vnv Aa He 6uga'e ocHoBonoflaraq Ka-MbK B l4HTepnpeTaqililTe Ha BcilLtKn l43cne.qoBaTenu HaIIJeKcnilp."

Axo nux Crunr e Ka3ar, ue SpayH e Ka3an, ue BonQ-paM e Ka3an ueu{o? Taxilea cnyqar HrKol4 pa3peua-Bar, nhuJeilKlA, ve cnopeA il3BecrHoro cbxAeHile HaCunr ,,Bcl4r.{Kl4 oHe3h, Ko}rro ce no3oBaBar Ha Epayx,Koraro rora reupgil, qe orxBbpnfl npilHr-luna Ha BonQ-paM, CnOpeA fOttrO (CbqeCTByBaHeTO il HeCbqeCTBy-BaHeTO CbBnaAaT,,, ,qOnyCKaT HenpOCTnMa rpeuKa." HOaKo nornegHere V. 3. 1. (npasnflo 8), ule Bhgure, qe aKoLlrrarbr or Cuur 3anoqBa no-HaBbrpe B pega il e c no-ManKr 6yxav, ce cnecrnBar Aocra 3Hallh n raKa Moxecnoxoraro Aa ce ofpaHilquTe c npocTnTe tA AeolaHnreKABilL{KI4.

VI. OroH.rareJrga peAaKIII4fl Ha AI,I[JIaMHara pa6ora

Bce nax B npeAiluHt4n nprMep h3non3BaxMe il (br-noBh KaBuLtKr4,,. Te ce h3non3Bar Aocra pqAKo, 3al!o-TO, OCBeH BCl4r{KO Apyro, flnncBaT npn nnuequre Ma-ru14H14. BCe naX B eAnH Mol4 TeKCT MU Ce HanO)K]4 Aa rUnon3BaM, 3aqoro nocTaBflx ABol4Hul KaBilLlKl4 3a KparKilqhraru t 3a,,TaKa HapeqeHn9T..." tA Tpn6Balue Aa pa3r-paHnqa ynorpe6ara Ha repMt HtA B KaqecrBoro 14M Ha

noKa3areflHn 3a Heqo (nocraentaKr rtA B cKo6h) orynoTpe6aTa Ha TepMnHlA, B KaqecTBoro vlM Ha (3Haqe-Hile>. Her.rlo Karo roBa, qe EyMara (ryue) o3HaqaBa (qe-Tl4pl4HOrO MeCO9AHO XI4BOTHO 14 T.H.)). TOea ca MHoropeAKn cryqail, Koraro rpn6ea Aa B3eMere peueHile B

cbrflacile c npaKTilKrTe B cneLluanil3ilpaHara nuTepa-Typa no Bbnpoca, pa6oreutxr nocfle c nncanKa BbpxyBeqe HaneqaTaHara reMa, KaKTo a3 HanpaBnxHaTa3lAcrpaHnqa. (llpu ronnnorpnre brnoBu KaBnqKh ilMa, Hoca B cnellvanture MeHtora utpa6ea Aa ce norfleAHe B

ra6nrqnre sa urpuQroaere.)Hnrou cnequQrvnil TeMn fi3ncKBar ynorpe6ara Ha

Apyru 3Hallil il 3aroBa e TpyAHo Aa ce AaAar cbBeTh oro6q xapaxrep. [1ptt HFKot4 TeMil, cBbp3aHh c norilKa,MaTeMaTUKa VnV reeApOnetlcKm e3ilLll4 He Bil OCTaBa

Apyro, ocBeH Aa niluere Ha pbKa, KoeTo e Aocra u3Mo-prrenHo. B cnyuata, o6aue, ve rpn6ea Aa Hanuuere Hs-KaKBa Qoprvryna (unu nur rpbqKa nnil pycKa AyMa), oc-BeH Aa fi h3nnuere Ha pbKa, cbqecTByBa il Apyra Bb3-MoxHocr: npm rpbqKtt tAnn Kilpt4ncKt4 6yreu Moxe Aa rtTpaHcnnTepilpaTe, cnopeA MexAyHapoAHilTe KpnTe-pilu, noKaro B cnyqafl Ha HtKoF norilKo-MareMarilqecKaQopnnyna Mo)Ke Aa non3Bare onpegeneHn aflrepHarnB-Hil 3Haqu, Kohro nruequre MauJuHl4 npurex(aBar. Pag-6upa ce, HyxHo e Aa ce nnQopnanpare or HayqHilR cl4pbKoBoAl4Ten Aanh Moxe Aa npaBilTe roBa BbB Bauilgcnyvara. Cuulo Mo)Ke Aa non3Bare nureparypara noBbnpoca, Ho eTo Bu eEuH npHMep 3a norhqecKil l43pa-an (e nneo), xouro Morar Aa 6u4ar npegaAeHil qpe3 h3-nucaHara B ARcHo Qopnna:

224

VI. 1. lparpuvtr4 vtsetcKBalr^fl

p-'rqp .qD VOLpMp-p(Ex)

flupsrre ner 3aMecrBaHiln ca npheMn uBV Aoptr n 3aneqaT; nocneAHLlTe ABe - CaMO B paMKnTe Ha HanilcaHaHa MaulhHa ArnnoMHa pa6ora, Karo e go6pe e e.qHa 6e_ne)KKa Aa noflcHl4Te KaKBO C KaKBO 3aMecrBaTe.

AsanorrquN npo6neuil Moxe Aa ilMare e o6nacrra HanvHrBtlcrttKara, Kb,qero AaAeHa $oxerua Mo)Ke Aa 6u4enpegcraBeHa Karo [s], Ho uxato /t/.

flpu .qpyrr cnyqarA rpynu or cro6r Morar Aa 6ugarnpilBeAeHil AO nOCneAoBaTeflHO nOCTaBeHh Kpbrnil cKo_6n, taxa n3pa3br

{l(p>q) .(q>rl > (p>r)} Mo)Ke Aa ce npeBbpHe B((p - q). (q - r) (p - r))llo cuqnr HaqnH oH3n, roraro nriue AilnfloMHa pa6o_

Ta no rpacQopruaqnoHHa nnHtBucrtAKa 3Hae, qe pa3Kno_HeHutra Ha eEHo,qbpBo Morar,qa 6ugar o6osnaqeHil cbccxo6v. Ho rcomro ce 3aHmMasa c nogo6nu pa6otu. Beqe3Hae Te3il Heqa.

Vl. 1. S.,QuaxpumuqHu sHaqu u mpaHcAumepalluu

Tpauctumepaqufl osHavaBa npeAaBaHe Ha reKcr qpe3il3nofl3BaHero Ha as6yrca, pa3n[qHa or rasn Ha opnrilHa_na. TpaHcnurepaqhflra HeMa 3a qen Aa npegcraem QoHe_TrqHa ilHTepnpeTaLlltfl Ha AaAeH TeKCT, a Aa npeAa,qeopilrilHana 6yrea no 6yraa raKa, qe BceKn, roraro'nogHa_Ba n ABere as6yxn, Ea 6u4e B cbcroqHre Aa Bb3craHoBt4ophrilHanHnA TeKCT.

Kuu rpaHcnilTepaqile ce npu6nrBa npil no-ronflMa_Ta '{acT oT ncTopl4qecKrTe n reorpaQcKil Ha3BaHIAA tA

15. Kar ce trr{rrre ArlnJroMua pa6ora 225

pcqp^qpvq

p0p

p(lx)

CTABAtl

4

at

lt

al

lt

M. OrorsareJlua peAaKqtlfl Ha AIl[JIaMHara pa6ora

npm HtKot4 AyMt4, KOI4TO HgMaT eKBmBaneHTil B Haut4tl

e3mK.

,[r,laxpr,rrnvHhre 3Haqil ce npil6aBtlr KbM 6yraure or a3-

6yrara i qen Ea ilM ce npilAaAe onpeAeneHa Q-oHernvHa

ciotaHocr. Tarnea ca HanphMep nraflnaHcKoro ,'i"' QpeHc-

Koro ,,g", ,lcnaHcKoro ,,n"; HeMcKoro ,,0", geuJKoro "8"' gar-

cKoro,,f", noflcKoro ,,1" lA APYril'B arannorrnna pa6ora, KoRTo He e Bbpxy noncKara nnrs'

parypa Moxe Aa enuMt/Hupare-qepr''lL{Kara ot "1"' l1pil e3il-

LlilTe or narilHcKl4 npol43xoA o6aqb u3ilcKBaHnsra o6nrno-

BeHo ca no-crporn' ,[a pasrnegaMe HtlKotlKo cnyqat' -Bug ecRra eAHa KHura BHhMaBaMe 3a ynorpe6ara

Ha xapaKrepHilre 3Haqil xa Qpencrara aa6yra' Tesu

3Hallil uMar cBol4Te cborBercrBt4n rvrexAY uaaxume 6yx'

Bu a nuweqara MauluHa*. ltlo ce Kacae Ao eaa9nume'

He nofl3BaMe yAapeHug, 3auloro eue QpencKlAA' AOpt !B neqarHu tA3AaHViA, Ha rnaBHtlTe 6yxau He ce nocraBqryAapeHnfl.'- Br""r, o6puulanne BHuMaHue, 6uno sa Maaxume' 6vno

sa eua1uume'6yren, Ha ynorpe6arl .ya rpure xapaKrep-

Hn 3HaKa B HeMcKara as6yra, ,,au,,,6u,,,(i' c no ABe roLlKt4

oTrope.ctrqo raKa 3ar{uraMe, He3aBilcl4Mo or runa KHhra ta or

ToBa Aann craBa AyMa 3a eaa1nu nnA MaAKu 6yxett' ynorpe-

6ara Ha xapa]fiepHure 3Haqu Ha HcnaHcrara as6yra:

rnacHure c ocrpo yAapeHue v ufr"' flocneAnoro Mo)Ke Aa

npeAagere h cbc choxHo yAapeHne, Ho He 6rx ro Hanpa-

Br4n B AnnnoMHa pa6ora no hcnaHcKa nilreparypa'CnaseaMe u npu BctlKo eAHo l43Aanne, 6nno 3a MaAKU-

,",6^,no sa eAalnume 6yxau, ynorpe6ara Ha cneqrQnv-

HnTe 3Haqu B nopryrancKaTa nnTeparypa' KOI4TO Ca

uecr: nerre rnacHh c -, KaKro n ,,Q"'

*flon xotunorpilTe ce Hanara u3nofl3BaHero Ha cnequauHo paspa6orelu ea

q;;;; il;oi5"e. fe uoiir Aa ce HaMeptr o6uxHoeeHo B KoMnorbpHure

3ann Ha yHuBepcnrerure ra y-'ipex<aenffi-99P?3i"14 c 'l3vqaBaHara

qpKna

i';xns..,?fa[f isg:tuxf"#ltsTJ;tT'l,'T1:ig"gl]H'?i:'?ff 6i:5:ia noqru Bcl4tlKu cnaBnHcxu egilql4"' - 6en' peE

226

VI. 1. fpaQuvnrl usucKBanvfl

llo ce Kacae Ao ocraHanhre e3ilLlr4, rpR6ea Aa peua-BaTe cnopeA cnyqafl h, KaKTo BnHanA, peueHileTo 814 qe3aBrcn oT ToBa, Aanv \tTt paTe oTAenHa AyMa, vnv nvi-uJere AhnnoMHara cn pa6ora Bbpxy cborBerHara nNTe-parypa. 3a qacrnr cnyqatt Mo)Ke n Aa ce npr6erne gonpaKTnKr4Te Ha BecTHr4r-lhTe unt Ha HeHayqHuTe v34aHt A.Tara Aarcroro ,,i" craBa ,@", geuJKoro ,,ji" ce npgBpbqaB ,,y", noncKoro ,,1" craBa u!" il T.H.

Vf. 1. 6. l|ynxmyaqufl, ygapeHuf,, cbKpauleHuf,.

Pagnnril B nyHKToaWAra r HaqnHa Ha ynorpe6a naKaBuqKu, 6enexrm v y4apeHnn ce sa6ere3Bar AoptA vi

Mexgy npaKTuKr4Te Ha roneMhre r34arercrBa. Kuru Aun-noMHure pa6orr v3vcKlaHuera ca no-Ht4cKr4 or re3m,npeAtBqBaHu KbM t 3AaHVATa sa neqar. Bce nax xe e.nOTUO Aa 3HaeTe 3a Te3h U3UCKBaHVB V nO Bb3MO)KHOCT

Aa ce cuo6paareare c rcx. Karo nphMep tt1e Bu AaMl43l4CKBaHilrTa Ha U3AaTenq Ha Ta3il KHnra, npeAynpex-AaaauKA Br4, KOTaTO ilMa pa3nyrKil MexAy Tfix il npueToToor Apyru n3AarencKr Kbulr4. flo-aaxHoro He ca caMHTet43t4cKBaHhA, a nocmonHcmAomo B nphnaraHero ilM.

To,axu u eanemauxu. Toqrure n ganetanKrre, KorarocneEBaT nocTaBeH B KaBuqKu TeKcT, BVHarn ce nocTaB9TBbrpe B KaBilqKnre, gaulomo me o6oco6n0am caMocmon-me Ha qacm om meKcma. Tara xanpnMep, qe Ka)KeM, qe

CMtrr, pa3cb)KgaBaraxr orHocHo reopunTa Ha BonQpau,ce nura 4anu rpn6aa Aa npueMeM MHeHilero My, ue ,,Cb-qecTByBaHeTo h HecbqecTByBaHeTo ca uAeHTilqHu oTKoFTo u ga 6uno rneAHa ro,{Ka."

Karro Bux.qare, ToqKara e nocraBeHa Bbrpe B KaBnq-Knre, 3auloro 14 r-lrrarbr or BonQpaM 3aBbpulBa c roqKa.lle xaxeu o6ave, qe Curr He e cbrflaceH c BonQparrr,Koraro rora reupgu, 9e ,,Cbu.lecrByBaHero e ilAeHTilrrHo cHecbu{ecrByBaHero". lle nocraarM ToL{Kara cne4 KaBilLr-KilTe, 3aqoTo noMecTeHnflT B Trx TeKcT He e 3aBbpueHou3peqeHne, a qacr or Hero. Cuuloro BOKI4 n ga ganerayt-

227

VI. OroHqateJrHa peAaKqr,rr r{a Ar4nJraMHara pa6ora

KilTe: Ue Ka)KeM, qe cMnT, CneA KaTO e qUTUpan MHeHh-ero Ha BonQpau, qe ,,CbulecrByBaHero e uAeHTilqHo cHecbqecTByBaHeTo", HanbflHo ro onpoBepraBa.,qpyrofl-qe u{e nocTbnhM, aKo Lll4TilpaMe pennmKa KaTo ra3h: ,,HeMl4cnn," Ka3a, ,,qg roBa g Bb3Mo)KHo." ,Ea HanoMHt4M, qe

He ce nocraBg 3anerat4Ka, KoraTo ce oTBapflT cKo6h.Hsma Aa HanuueM ,,o6ilqaue nbcrpure AyMr4, apoMarHn-Te 3Byllrl, (cmueonmcrnqHa nAeg), KaAiloeHhfl Tpener", a,,o6ilqaue nbcrphre EyMr4, apoMarHilTe 3Byqr4 (crueo-nncruqHa ugen), xagnQeHnn rpener".

Yxasamettu ua 6ertexxu. Vxagarennre Ha 6enexrn cecnarar cneg npenvHarenHVA sxar. L[e HanuueM:

Hara-gaAosonnrenHn+r o6eop no reMara, cfleAro3u Ha Bynnnyc,l e HanpaBeHhRT or Kpaxexen6y-en.2 flocneAHhrr He noKpl4Ba BchqKil ,l3tAcKBaHtAA,Kor4To f'lanep Haphqa ,,il3l4cKBaHVA 3a npo3paq-Hocr",3 Ho e geQnxnpaH or l-pyunr.1a Karo ,,nphMep3a 3aBbpureHocr".

Vl. 1. 7. Hnxonxo pasHopognuu co6ema

He npexaan\aume c enaAuume 6yxAu. Pas6upa ce,qe Moxe Aa Hannuere Jlro6oe n Oupaea, aKo fi3cfleA-Bare ABe QunocoQcKh noHnn4r y HnKoil aHTnqeH aB-Top, Ho Koraro AHec HRKoU aBTop roBopr4 sa Kynraxurrn OannnnvATa, n3non3Ba rflaBHhre 6yxew caMo orrlpoHr4e. Axo, nuurerarn pa6ora no KynrypHa aHTpono-nofvtB, r4cKaTe Aa npeAaAeTe Heqhe MHeHhe, AncTaH-ffiopaAr4 xenaHuero 3a ror{Hocr, cBbp3BaMe yKa3arenfl

c 6enexxara. Ho craea Bbnpoc sa euo6paxaeM aBrop.2. Bro6paxaeM aBrop3. Buo6paxaeM aBrop4. Buo6paxaeM aBTop

228

VI. 1. fpaQr,runvr usncKBa*r r

Tadnuqa20

TA'T-IGUOJI3BAHI4TE B EEJIE)KKI4 I/IITVI BTEKCTA CbKPAIIIEHVTfl*

Anon. (Au.) Anonzvart. (cr.) cra,rut (ue sa resu or BecrHr{lpme, a 3a raKrtBa, cBbp3a_Hlr c npaBoro ,t Epyrr uolo6ru)l. (s.) rrrra (Hanpuvep: vol.L, t.1., L1.) (r.1, u. l, xH. L)cap. (rn.) uraBa, MH. q. capp. (rr.) (uouarotav c., Ho rrbK roBa no_ErrKora o3uatraBa roaona)col. (ron.) KoJroHa, r"ln. u. coll. (rr.)cfr. (cpn.) BIDK, cpaBHr{, rro3oBr4 ce Hagd. (usa.) tlo1arrve (ntpno, Bropo; no n anrm.rficrnre 6u6nrorpa_$wrce r43noJrsBa 3ac.bcraBvner, editor, r"rH. eds.)e.g. (n anmuficrr,r rexcrone) , exempli gratia, nanpnr"repex. (nup.) HanprrMepfig. (fttr ) o6pas (rlrrypa, repofr), r,an. u. figg.fo. (r.) rrr4c! cbrrlo fol., foll. nnu f ., ff .ibid. , ua cbrrloro ruacro (crpeu cbulur rpyg ,r crpaurlua; aKo e cb-lllur rpyA, Ho Apyra c'rpaHr4ua ce rrr4rue op. cit., cJreABaHo or crpa_urqara)i. e. (n anrmrficror rercrone) ,t. e.infra srax no-AoJryloc. cit. try,rrr4paHo MrrcroMS ptrour,rc, r"ar.u. MSSNB uora 6enen. (6er.) 6enerc<a (nanpur'aep rx. 6en..3)NS (HC) Hona cepuaN Houep (nonarora N.), uo Mo)Ke,qa ce u36erHe, Karo locraBr{recauo urQpara.op. cit. (4um. c'ou.) neue flocorreH TpyA Ha cbrlru aBrop

' TLfi raro B oprrruHanHr4t reKcr ca tr3rroJ*BaHr4 Jrarr,rHcKr4 gbKpalqeHr.!,(rouro vecro ce rl3noJr3Bar u y uac), Ho Bce naK Ha Hac sr{ rpadrar 6rn-raPcKHT€' OCTaBTMe 3a cBeAeHr4e JrarnHcKr4l€, HO gO6aaaue n cro6n lr 6rn-rapcxl.tre nM cberBETcrBus. Taxa qurareJrar rrle I{Ma atsuoxxocr [a ua-nor3Ba Jlarr,tHcKorro r,rJrr,! 6rnrapcrmo cbKpaureHr{e cflopeA HyxAara HaAnnroMHara cu pa6ota. - 6en. pel.

229

passim ryK-TaM (rorato He craBa Br,[poc 3a onpeleJleHa crpaull-qa, 3arr{oro aBTopbr pa3ilIexAa Bbllpoca B IIeJIut cI,I Tpy[)p. (crp.) crpaHr{Ila r"ru.u. pp. (cc.)par. ($) uaparpar|pseud. (ncengn.) ncengornaM, Koraro He e cl4rypHo, ve tnop6ara e

geftcrerrreruro Ha aBTopa, Ha Kororo ce npl4nl4cBa

ro u vo recto rr verso (neuerna 14 rrerua mparuqa)s. d. (6. a.) 6eg sara (na nslanane)s.l. (6. vr.) 6ee Mtcto (na rs4aoane)seg. (cn.) creABalq, cbIIIo sg, MH.aI. sgg. (np. p.34 sgg.)

sez. (cerq.) ceKr.pfisic rara (narr.rcano roqHo raKa or aBTopa, Kororo III4TT{paM; Moz(e

Aa ce rd3[oJr3na 6r,mo Karo npeAoxpaul4TeJrHa MupKa, 6r,rro ratouponlra)NdA (6en. anr.) 6enon<a Ha aBropa (o6rucnoneuo B KBa,qparnrr

cro6ra)NdT (6e1. npee.) 6ene:n<a Ha rlpeBoAaua (o6urnoBerro MelKAy

KBa,qparHr{ cro6r)NdC (6er. pet.) 6enex<r<a Ha cbcraBl4rerIs,uIM peAaKropa (o6m<-

HoBeHo MexAy KBalparHt{ cro6u)tab. (ra6n.) ra6nlqatav. (rn.) vJtrocrpat4fl,tr (np.) rrpeBoA (rvroxre cJIeA Hero [a e I43Irr{caH e3uKbr I4IIU flpeBo-

\a.ul;t, vJtrl r gnerc)v (nx.) nln<v (cr.) crrur, MH,r{. w. (aro qrrupare MHoro crI,D(oBe rro-Ao6pe Id3-

nonsoafire cfr.)vs versus, B nporrrBoflocraBque Ha, cpeury (np. 6ano \s rrepuo, Moxe

ra Harrilruere u 6ano/vepno)ttu. (s almmfficrol1eKcrone) videlicet, ,I flo-rorlHo, Koero IIre Ka)Ke, lle

vol (r.) roM, MH.rr. voll., (rr.) (vol. o6lrrnoneuo o3HarraBa onpeAe-

JreH ToM or upou3BeAeHl4e B floBerle roMoBe, a voll. ce tr3[oJI3Ba 3a

o6ulrs 6pofi rovrone, or Kotlro e cbcraBeHo [aAeHo npr,renegerme)

NB. Tosa e crrrdcbK Ha HarZ-.recro cpequlul4re cbKpaIIIeHut. IIpu on-peAeJreHu rcvr (no uareorpailux, KIIacI4qecKa (pl,rrtonorr,ra, MoAeP

rrr (froronorm, JlorutKa, MareMarl4Ka r r.n.) u{e [oJI3Bar€ I4 yflorpe-6gsarut€ B Ar{crtr4rurr4uara BI4 gbKpauleufit, c KoI4To u1e ce 3arro3ua-

ere B npoqeca Ha qeTeHe Ha cne44zlJrl43upaHara Jlrfl€parypa.

230

M. OrouqareJrua pe1aKqr{t I{a AI4nJIaMHara pa6otaVI. 1. fpaQrvrvt tlsetcKBaurtfl

qmpal4Kt4 ce oT Hero, ule Han[ueTe no-cKopo ,,KynTbTKbM oaMilmAATa". Moxe Aa Haniluere PeHecaHc t nnBuspax4aHe, Ho He Bil)KEaM 3aqo Aa He niluere pe-HecaHc ilnu Bb3paxAaHe.

Ule nanmuere nonynflpHa 6aHKa, a He l-lonynnpnaSaHxa t4 O6q nasap, a He O6t4 llasaP.

Ero eil HRKonKo npilMepa 3a npenopbt{l/TeflHa ynor-pe6a Ha rflaBHn 6yxev, KaKTo vi sa v36*rBaHero ilM nprApyrh or EyMure:

Ceeepna Auepuxa, ceBepHara qacr Ha Anaepnra,gepHo Mope, Bpbx EBepecr, CencKocronaHcKa 6aHt<a,

HeanonrraHcKa 6aHKa, ChKcrl4HcKara Kanena, flanaqoMagaua, l-{exrpanHa rapa (aKo ce Ka3Ba uMeHHo raKa:l-leHrpanHa rapa MilnaHo, Ho qeHrpanHara lapa Ha PnM),Bennrara xapra, qbpKBara ,,CBera Karepuna", MaHacrl4-pbr ,,CBeril EeHeAilKT", (Ho ,,npaBHnara Ha cB. Sene-

A]4KT"), MaAarU BepAypmH. HautantaHcKn ce Ka3Ba nno-qag ,,fapil6angtA" t,t ynnLla ,,P]4M", Ho B HtKot4 e3mqn ynu-LlaTa n nnou{aAbT ce h3nhcBaT c rnaBHtA 6yKB1 .

C rnaeHu 6yren ce t43nucBar Bct4tlKt4 cbqecrBilTenHmB HeMCKr4e e3nK, aKO Ca qilTilpaHu B opilrnHan (ostpolitik,Kulturgeschichte).

C uanrn 6yrau qe il3nmuere BcuqKo oHoBa, Koero He

KOMnpOMeilpa nHTeflhreHTHocrra Ha reKcra BVi uranv'aHqhre, enilcKonbr, AoKTOpbr, nonKoBHl4Kbr, Bropa cBe-TOBHa BOr4Ha, BUencxn MNp, Ho6enoBa HarpaAa, npe3il-AeHTbT Ha peny6nvKafa, cBeTnflT oTeu, or, ceBep.

3a no-roqeH opueHTup il3nor3BallTe reKcroBere orBauaTa AncllilnnuHa, HO e npenopbt{ilTenHo Ea ca oT

nocneAHnre EeceT roAilHt4.

Buuaeu, Ko?amo om1apgme KaKBumo u ga 6uAo Ka-

Auqrcu He nponycKaume ga eu 3am1opume' To3h cbBeril3rnex(Aa hAnorcKl4 14 BbnpeKil ToBa noAo6nu rpeurNca cpeA Hat4-qecro cpeu.{aHure B AilnnoMHure pa6oril'3anoqea HtKaKbB t-lnrar v Ht/tKoit He pa36upa KbAe eKpanr My.

231

M. OrosqareJlua peAaKIII,It Ha AI4uJIaMHara pa6ora

\He uenoasBaumb npeKaAeHo MHoeo apa6cKu qufipu.

Pas6r,rpa ce, ToBa He Ba)Kil 3a AunnoMHn pa6oru no Ma-

TeMaTnKa vnA cTaTlAeTilKa, HLtro nbK aKo qilTilpaTe ToLlH.l4

AaHHil. Ho nnuere, qe AaAeHa apMhr 6pou nergecer xn-nngn (a ne 50 000) Ayult4, qe rpyAbr, rotaro Llt4Tnpare e h3-

AaAeH B Tpt4 (a He e 3) ronlta, ocBeH aKo He n3non3Bare6u6nuorpaQcxoro cbKpauleHile ,,3 voll.". flt4uJete, qe 3a-ry6we ca ce yBenhqilnil c Aecer Ha cro, qe eAil rota cu enOqnHan Ha ulet4Cer rOAilHl4, qe rpa$tT e OTAaneqeH Ha

TpnAeceT KilnoMeTpa.l-lr,rQprare 3ana3ere 3a AarilTe, Kol4To e Hat4-Ao6pe Aa

n3nucBare raxa: 1 7 ttail 1973, a ne 17 /5/73, Ho nbK MoxeAa Kaxere aol4Hara or'15-18. Pas6npa ce, Aonycrl4Mo e

Ea cbKpaqaBaTe, Koraro Bn ce Hanara AaAaTilpaTe qflfiacepug oT AOKyMeHTh, CTpaHnLlLt or AHeBHilK t4 T. H.

[!e raxere 3a Heqo, qe ce e cfly'{uno B eAhHaAecerN TpnAeceT, Ho qe B npoqeca Ha eKcnepilMeHTa BOAaTa

ce e noKaqnna c 25 ctrit. a 1 1 ,30. lJ-[e raNere: Marpuqa Ho-

rvrep 7535, )Kilnuqe HoMep 30, crpaHnua144.Pnucrn qnQpn qe non3Bare, Koraro e HIDKHo: Xlll e',

flrara Xll, VI Qnor. He e nyxHo Aa niluere Xll-ru, pl4McKl4-

re quQpn BuHaril noKa3Bar peAHil t{t4crhrenHu'

EuAere nocfle,qoBareflHil npil cbKpaqeHuflTa. Moxe[a Hanhuere KaKTo C.A.l!., raKav CA[!, Ho aKo 3anoq-Here c USA, npoAunxere c PCl, RAF, SOS, FBl.

Bnuua1aume, Koeamo Llumupame A merccma saeaa9usHa KHueu u cnucaHun B rercra re BnHarh ce o6ogHaqa-Bar c KypcLrB hnu nogqepraBaHe. (B 6unrapcKilfl e3ilKno-pasnpocTpaHeHa e npaKTnKara Ha orpaxAaHeTo rM B

KaBilqKl4 - 6en. pep.)

He npexaanBaume c u3AuutHu noguepma1auus' flory-uepraearare qy)KAt4ql4Te, KOI4TO He Ca Bb3npueril B e3hKaHil, Karo splash-down vtnt Einfuhlung, no He nogqepra-eal4re cnopr, 6ap, Qnnru, $nnnep. He nogqepraeat4re

232 233

VI. 1. fpaQuvrvr elsetcKBatvfl

Ha3BaHus Ha MapKu nnv Ha il3BecrHt4 MoHyMeHTil: Mep-LleAechre ce Bbprtxa B Kpbr oKono Opayexrrapxe.

l4enoaeBaume pa3yMHo nocnego9ameAHocmma Ha

6pouuu u pegHu, ua apa1cxu u puMcKu ttufipu.PnucraraqrQpa o6rrHoseHo o6osHaqaBa no-roflflMo noApa3Ae-neHre. Xlll.3. yKa3Ba rpfiHageceril ToM, Tpera qacr; rpl4-HaAeceTa neceH Tperil crt4x; Tpt4HaAecera roAilHa rpeTh6porrr. MoNe.qa Hanuuere u 13.3. tt no nphHql4n qe Bupas6upar, no 6n 6uno crpaHHo, aKo Hanruere 3. Xlll.flax rara qe il3niluere Xauner lll, ii, 28 il ule e qcHo, qe

roBoprTe sa ABaAeceT il ocMl4 cTl4x oT BTopa cqeHa Ha

Tpero Aeracrere nflil nbK qe Hanhuere Xaunet lll,2,28(nnra Xarr,tnet lll.2.21), Ho HflMa Aa Hanilulere Xaruner 3, ll,XXVlll. Yxaseanre crarncrilqecxn ra6nvLltA vnv KaprilKaKro raro fig. 1 (Qnr. 1) unu tav. 4, (nn. 1) rara n Karofig.l (Qrar. l) nnu tav.lV., (un. l) Ho BeAHb)K us6panu ceonrprreprara - cneAeat4Te ro crpt4KTHo, 14 axo ga ra6nilLlrrenon3Bare pilMcKl4 tlt/Qpr4 - r,rs6epere apa6crure 3a Kap-rrre. Tara or npbB norneA qe ce pas6upa Ha KaKBo ceno30BaBaTe.

llpenpouememe HaneqamaHus cu mpyg! He cauo, 3aAa nonpaBhre rpeuKilre nph Ha6upaxero (oco6eHo npnL{yx.qnre AyMt tA co6creeHilre urueHa), Ho u 3a Aa npoBe-pnre Aanu orroBapflT HoMepara Ha 6enexxnre, crpaHil-LlilTe u KHhrilTe, Ha KoilTo cre ce no3oBaBann. Ero HtKol4Heula, Kor4To HenpeMeHHo rpn6ea,qa npoBepilTe:

Cmpauuqume: nopeA ntA ca HonnepnpaHn?

llpenpamxu: HattcrtAla nil orroBapsr Ha nocoqeHararnaBa unr crpaHnqa?

\umamu: Bcl4uKnre nu ca B KaBuqKu, Kot4To cre3arBoprnu? [lpaeranxo nu cre ynorpe6unil pa3nnqHn-

VI. OrosqareJrHa peAaKrlrrfl Ha Ar4[JraMHara pa6ora

Te BUAOBe KaBnqKn t) CXO6\A? lAwia nn Cil BCeKn qilTar6enexxa?

Senexxu: orroBapfiT flh Ha HoMepara cn? OrgeneHutnv ca Ao6pe or rercra? flponycHantA ntA cre Aa HoMeph-pare HFKor or rsx?

6u6nuoepaQun: no ae6yvex peA nil cre noApeAunurrraeHara? O6uprcanr,r flil cre Heqile uMe c npesnuero uy?Wsnucanu nn cre BcilLrKLr Heo6xoAurMn AaHHm 3a vEeHTn-

Qrxaqnn Ha KHilrara? lzlsnonseantA nn cre 3a HFKoh or3arflaBilera no-o6nrrpur 6enexxu (xanpmrraep 6pon HacrpaHilLl4Te vnv 3arnaBmero Ha nopeAhqara), a sa Apy-rhre - He? PasntAqaBar flr ce or npbB norneg KHnrilTe orcrarnvre v or tnaBVTe Ha MoHyMeHTanHilTe rpynoee?Bcgro no3oBaBaHe 3aBbptxBa nv c roqra?

Vl. 2. O6qara 6ra6n urorpaQran

l-flaBara, nocBereHa na 6u6nuorpaQunra, 6u tpn6ea-uo Aa e MHoro Abrra, ToqHa u HanucaHa MHoro orroBop-Ho. Bce naK Ha ra3h reMa Beqe ce cnpFXMe noHe B ABacnyqan. B lll. 2. 3. rasaxrvre KaK ce 3anilcBar AaHHhre, or-Hacflu{r4 ce .qo AaAeH TpyA, a e V. 4. 2. nV.4. 3. roeopnx-Me 3a roBa, KaK ce qnrilpa c 6enexrn vKaK ce cborHa-cs nocor{BaHero c 6enexxa (unn a rercra) c o6ulara6n6nviorpaQrr. Aro norne4Here re3r rph naparpaQa,qe HaMepilTe BcnqKo oHoBa, Koero BN e Hy)KHo 3a u3ror-BflHero na o6ulara 6u6nuorpaQun.

Moxeu Aa KaxeM, r4e eAHa AilnnoMHa pa6ora mpn61aAa ilMa o6ula 6u6nuorpaQrn, ronxoro 14 Tot{Hl4 Aa ca no-coL{BaHnflTa e 6enexxure. He e peAHo Aa Kapare qilTare-nilTe cm Aa ce poBqT cTpaHhLla no crpaHilqa, 3a Aa oTK-pl4RT OHOBa, KOerO ril HHTepeCyBa.

llpm xnxor AilnnoMHLl pa6orr o6ulara 6n6nuorpaQrnne none3Ha Eo6agxa, Ho He v raKaBa or nbpBocreneHHo3HaqeHne. l-lpn gpyrn (xanpnuep, il3cfleABaHun Bbpxy

23423s

VI. 2. O6qara 6n6llrorpaQur

nrreparypara B onpegeneHa o6nacr nnr Bbpxy BcilqKilil3paBaHh n Heil3paBaHh rpyAoBe Ha nnrora aarop),nMeHHo 6n6ntaorpaQnna Moxe Aa npegcraBneBa ecuur_Hocr Hata-rHTepecHara qacr. ,[a He roBopt4M 3a A]4nnoM_un pa6oru c 6u6nuorpaQcxr,r xapaKTep or rilna na llsc_aeg1auunma Bupxy Qawusma om lg4S go lgS0, npn Kohroo6qara 6w6nnorpaSun ce flBRBa vcrt4HcKt er 3aBbpueKHa pa6orara.

He Hn ocraBa Apyro, ocBeH Aa Ao6aehM HflKol,t npaBh_na 3a roBa, KaK ce crpyKrypilpa eEHa 6n6nnorpaeran. .{anpilBeAeM npilMep c reMa Bbp)ry EeprpaH pucen. Er6_nnorp_aQnnra 6n 6una paspefleHa na ipygo1e ua Eapm_pau Pacen n Tpygo1e Bapxy 1tpmpan picert (rr,roxe gavMa u no-o6r.qa qacr Karo Tpygo1e no ucmopui ua Qurto_coQunma na.XX 6.). TpyAoeere xa EuprpaH prcen ,rf'e no_corture B xpoHoAoeu.teH pe4, AoKaro re3n Bbpxy EuprpanPucen - e as6yuen OceeH aro o6ercrur Ha Bauero u3c_neABaHe ue e l4scnegBauus Aap>cy pacen B Auenun, A nepu-oga 1950-1960, e raKbB cnyuau n 6n6nuorpaenara BbpxyPtcen qe 6uAe noApeAeHa B xpoHol.torhqeH peA.

Aro nnulere reMa Bbp)ry Kamonutqume u'Qawusmum,6n6nuorpaQuara Moxe Aa-6uAe pa3AeneHa raKa: Aolry_MeHTil il napnaMeHTapHil aKTOBe, CTaT|AV OT KaTonhqecKLlcneL{ar, craruv or QauncrKnq neqar, crarun or ocraHanilrneqar (n ga pevervr, eAHa o6qa qacr, BKnoqBaulara rpyAo-Bere no ucropvn, Kacaeu{il pa3rnexganur nepnog).

Karro caur pas6npare, Heqara ce npoMeHsr B 3aBh_cLrMocr or rilna AhnnoMHa pa6ora. Bunpocur e B ToBa,Aa cbcraBrre raKaBa 6n6nuorpaeun, npu KoflTo necHoAa ce pa3nhqaBaT npeKil oT KOCBeHI v3BOptA, HayqHhTpynoBe or He ronKoBa AocroBepHu pa6otn v r. H.

B xparana cMerKa, qenilTe Ha eAHa 6u6nuorpaQvtn cacnegHilTe: a) Aa npe4ocraBu Bcut-tKt1 Heo6xoArnaia nax-Hil 3a pa6orara, Kolro. Bl4 t/HTepecyBa; 6) na era ynec_HV nptA h3AllpBaHero h vt e) ga AeMoHcrpl4pa rHrLtM-HOCT C npaKTLlKl4Te Ha AilCt_lvnntAHaTa, B KOflTO Ce Ailn_noMupaTe.

VI. Oron.rarerga peAaKrlr{q Ha AnnJraMr{ara pa6ora

Aa AennoHcrpvpa>e uHTlrMHocr c Aulcr-lilnnhHara 03-HaqaBa ABe Heqa: Aa ocTaBnTe BneqarreHile, qe no3-HaBare qrnara 6vt6nuorpaQnn no pa3rnexAaHnfl Bbn-poc 14 Aa cneABaTe 6v6nvorpa0cKilre npaKrnKu Ha Ba-ulara Ancllvnnnla.lllo ce Kacae Ao ra3h BTopa roqKa,MOX(e Aa Ce OKaXe, qe CbBeTilTe, AaAeHil ryK, He Caxara-go6plrre, 3aroBa B3eMere 3a MoAen nnreparyparano npo6neua, roraro pa3rnexgare. OcseH ToBa ce no-paxAa u Bbnpocbr Eaflu e Heo6xoAr4Mo B o6upta 6n6-nuorpaQrn ga $hrypupar caMo 3arnaBu+ra, Kor4To crenon3Banh nnn LtAnaTa nnTepaTypa, KoqTo 3Haere, qe enocBeTeHa Ha Hero.

Hara-oqeefiAHr4flT orroBop e, ve rpn6Ba Aa BKnroqhrecaMo non3BaHara nnreparypa. Bce naK n ryK Heqara 3a-Br4crr or rnna AnnnoMHa pa6ora. Moxe Aa niluere c qen

Aa xBbpnuTe cBeTnuHa Bbpxy Bcl4qKr TeKcToBe no Bbn-poca, 6ea na e Bb3Mo)r(Ho Aa B3eMere npeABnA a6co-norHo Bct4L{Kr4 MHeHrfl, il3Ka3aHn B nnreparypara. B ra-KbB Cnyqarrr e AocraruqHo gcHo Aa 3aflBl4Te, qe He cTeqenn BcilLrKr4 TpyAoBe, BKntoqeHV a 6tl6nnorpaQunra, neBeHryanHo Aa nocTaBilTe 3Be3Ahr{Kl4 npil TpyEoBeTe,KOT4TO CTe nperne EantA.

Tarcue rpnreprra e BannAeH, aKo Bbpxy pa3rnex.qaHilFnpo6neu Bce oqe He e cbcraBe*a nbAHa6u6nnorpaQua,nopaAh KoeTo Bil e no3BofleHo Ea nocraBuTe 3aeAHo rjg-rara nmreparypa. B cnyvara qe nbnHa 6n6nnorpaQvaBeqe e cbcraBeHa, no-go6pe BKntoqere caMo qereHnre3afnaBufl r npenpaTeTe qhTaTenuTe ctA KbM He9.

MHoro nbril AocroBepHocrra na 6n6nvorpaQnnra aa-Bl4cl4 or nocraBeHoto i earnaeile. Moxe Aa fl o3arnaBil-re Su6rruoepaQcxu cnpa1xu, fioasBana Aumepamypa,O6qa 6u6auoepaQun no Atnpoca X vi cartu pas6upare, uecnopeA 3arnaBneTo KbM Heg tue ce npeAFB9BaT pa3nilq-HtA tA3tAcKBaHnA. He rrltoxe Aa o3arnaeute Su6AuoepaQunBapxy Bmopama cBemo9ua Bohua HsKaKBa cn c6mpra orrpnracernna 3arnalu+. lJ-[e Hanlrwete llonsBaua numepa-mypa tA qe ce Monhre Ha 6or.

236237

W. 3. llpunoxeHnara

Konroro n 6e1aa na e 6v6nuorpaQmnra BN, He nponyc-rarare Aa fl nogpegmre B as6yveH peg. tzftvra HflKor4 ipaira-fla: 3anoqBa ce or npe3ilMero, paa6npa ce ,,gbo,, 14 ,,QoH.He ca qacr or $annnnnmre ilMeHa, AoKaro re3v, tlgnncBaHmc anocrpoQ, tA HAKotA onpeAenhreflHil L{fleHoBe ca craHanmqacr or uMero. Tara qe u{e Hanuulere DAnunzio nog D, xoFerdinand de Saussure qe craHe Saussure Ferdinand de.lle Hanruere De Amicis, Du Bellay, La Fontaihe, HoBeethoven, Ludwig van. Ho n ryK.qpb)rfie nog oKo cneqila-nusvpaHara nnreparypa no Bbnpoca. Hanprauep saApeBHilTe il no-craprre aBTopt4 ao XVI B. ce qilTrpa uMe_TO, a He TOBa, KoeTo h3rnexEa npe3ilMe il KOeTO e BCbU{_nocr co6crBeHo rMe, nprKop nnvyKa3Ba poAHoro MrcroHa aBropa, HanpuMep MurenaHExeno, Tunropero (Eon-p2xntrvero), llepygxrno (or l-lepygxa) ra np..

3a ga 3aBbpult4M, npeAJtaraM eAHo craHAaprHo pa3n-pepeneHile npt4 TeMa or o6q xapaKTep, Koero 6u uornoAa h3rnexAa TaKa:

lAsaopuBn6nvorpa$cxm onracTpygoee no reMara ilnn Bbpxy aBTopa (nroxe Aa rn

pa3gefl rre Ha KHnnA u ctattnu),Qonun r urenH h Marep uanu (uurep Bpra, Ao KyMeHTrl,

gexnapaqnr).

V|.3. flpnnoxexnnra

14ua rennr, npil Koltro npmnoxeHVero nnv npnno-xeHhnra ca noBeqe or neo6xoAtAMtA. Axo ce 3aHilMa_Bare c QNnonornn n cre orKpmnil nnxoh Heil3BecreHcpeAHoBeKOBeH TeKCT, L4e rO nOMeCTnTe KaTO npilno_xeHne KbM EhnnoMHara cu pa6ota n e HanbnHo Bb3_MOXHO NMeHHO TOBa npmnoxeHme Aa ce oxaxe xarrr_rofleMiln nntoc ua pa6orara Bh. Axo e reMa no ucro-phq cre pa6ornnu npeAilMHo c eAilH AoKyMeHTaneH

VL OrouqatelHa peAaKIIut Ha AI4nJIaMHara pa6ora

N3BOp, qe e Ao6pe Aa ro npnnoxnTe, Aopl4 h Aa eBeqe ny6nilKyBaH. Aro pncxyTrpaTe 3aKoH14 t nn 3aKO-

HOAarenHil Kopnycil, cbl]{o u{e rn npnnoxilTe (ocaeHaKo He ca B ynoTpe6a e MoMeHTa il Karo TaKilBa Eoc-TbnHu 3a BcHqKil).

llpunaranero Ha onpeAeneHu Marepilanil KbM Ailn-roMHara pa6ora Bil noMara Aacn cnecrilTe Ebnrh n Ao-caAH[ l-luraTn oT pa3rnexAaHilTe ,qoKyMeHTil, KaTO

npocro qe npenpaqaTe qnTaTenrTe cu KbM nprnoxe-Hnero.

B npnnoxeHiltlra 6nxre nocraBilnil eBeHTyanHu ra6-nnL\v, EUarpaMil, cTaTilcTl4t{ecKil AaHHU, Cotlnonoril-qecKh m3cfleABaHtAA tA Ap. OcBeH aKo He ca AocraTbqHoKparKil, 3a Aa rn BMbKHere B TeKCTa.

[1o npnHqrn B npiltto)KeHilqra ce nocraBfl Bct4t{Ko' Ko-

eTo npaBu n3noxeHuero no-TpoMaBo m 3arpyAHnBa qe-

TeHero. Ho noHRxora Hnu{o He e no-yMopnrenHo or Hen-peKbcHaTilTe npenparKLl KbM npnno)KeHuFTa, KapaqilquTaTenfl cfleA BcflKa cTpaHnqa na pa3nhcTBa qflnaTa

pa6ora: rpn6ea Aa Aosupare HeLqara, Aa BKapare B TeK-

cra KparKLlTe qilTaTu, Aa npepa3Kaxere noHtlKofa, Ma-

Kap m c ABe AyM14, CbAbp)KaHileTo Ha AoKyMeHTa, KbM

roraro npenpaqaTe.Axo cuRrare 3a Heo6xoAunao Aa pa3rneAare Heqo

or reoperilqHa rneAHa roqKa, a roBa npeqil Ha o6u{ucxoA Ha u3no)KeHneTo, To pa3cb)KAe1nflra cu Moxe AaorAenilTe ilMeHHo B npilno)KeHne. ,Ea npileMeM, qe nil-uere Bbpxy BnvAHVero Ha l1oemurca v PemopuKa Ha

Apncroren Bbpxy peHecaHcoBara Milcbn. lJle orKpne-Te, qe B Hauil Anu LlrrarcKara uKona npeorKprBare3r reKcroee cto6pa3Ho Hauero cbBpeMue. Axona6nroAexilRTa Bbpxy 9nrarcxara uKona Br cny)Kar'3a Aa r43flcHilTe Bpb3Kara MexAy Apucroren il peHe-caHcoBara Milcbn, qe ril npegcraBhre B TeKcra. Hotlle e no-rHTepecHo, aKo B HgKOe npilnoxeHile noKa-)Kere KaK He caMo no BpeMero Ha PenecaHca, Ho 14 B

Haujh AHU Ca npaBeHh onnril Aa ce cbxl4BRT npon3Be-

VI.4. Cb,qrpxaur4ero

AeHrnra Ha Aprcroren. Aro niluere EilnnoMHara cvpa6ora no poMaHcra Qnnonorilt, Mo)Ke Ea Bn ce Ha-noxr Aa Bnflerere B h3noxeHilero o6pasa Ha Tprc-TaH, a Bv4e Aa peunTe Aa nocBerilTe eAHo npilno)Ke-Hile Ha ynorpe6ara Ha ro3r4 Mhr npt/ EeKaAeHTcKoroTeqeHne, nnn or Barxep go Touac MaH. Teuara HflMa

Aa ilMa HenocpegcrBeHa Bpb3Ka c QunonorilqecKnflo6err Ha Bauara pa6ora, Ho Moxe ,qa AoKaxere, qe

BarHepoeara ilHTepnperaqms nopcKa3Ba HRKol4 HeqaN Ha Qrnonora tAntA Hanport4B, Lte rfl npeAcraBnqBanou QunofiorilqecKr Mogen, Karo B3eMere npeABrfqHsKorl pa3cbxpeHnA n il3cfleABaHtAA no reMara. He .lenotro6en potr npilno)KeHne ca 3a npenopbqBaHe, 3a-LUOTO Ca nO-nOAXO.qFU{14 3a no-3pgn rpyE, e rotaro ag-TOpbT MOXe Aa CV nO3BOIll4 Kpl4TrqecKr eKCKypCl4 OT

pa3nilqeH BnA, Ho BV ln noAcKa3BaM no npuL{tAHt oTncnxonorilqecKo ecrecrBo. HancrnHa noHqKora B ca-Miln npouec Ha pa6ora Bn ce orBapRT HenpeABVAeHtAnoneTa 3a il3cneABaHe n pa3Mrcnil, a He e necHo Aaycror4Te h Aa He rh BKflroLtt4re a pa6orara cv. ilocra-asnxw rh B nphno)KeHhqra, Bile tt1e 3aAoBonilTe co6c-TBeHara cu norpe6Hocr Aa il3Kaxere MilcnilTe cu, 6e3TOBa Aa BnVfle Bbpxy HaCOqeHocrTa v HayqHaTa crpo-rocr Ha pa6orara eu.

Vl. 4. Gugrpx<axuero

CugupxaHnero rpr6Ba Aa BKnoqBa BciltlKt4 fnaBr,no4rnaBil il naparpaQr,r na Bauara pa6ora, cbc cbu4amaHoMepaLlul, cbruume cmpaHullu u cbqume gyMu.lzlsrnex-Aa noBeqe or FcHo, Ho npeAn Ea npeAaAere pa6oraracv, BHilMarenHo npoBepere Aann cre cna3ilmA re3nu3ncKBaHnA.

CunrpNanhero e noBeqe or ueo6xoAt4Mo, KaKTo 3aqrTarenilTe e,V, TaKa n ga Bac caMhre. l-lotuara Aa orKpt4-ere 6rpso EaAeHa reMa.

239238

)VI. OronqarelHa peAaKIItn Ha AuIIJIaMHara pa6ota

Moxe Aa ro nocraBure B HaqaAomo untA B Kpal'Haxpan ro nocraBf,T $peHcKnre n vrantAatcKt tA3Aa'

Ht4R, AOKaTO aHrnoe3ilLtHnTe il MHOrO OT HeMCKt4Te - B

Haqanoro. Tosn aropu HaqnH Beqe ce npilflara or Hfl-

KOil m y Hac.llo rrnoe MHeHile, no-yAo6HO e, Koraro e B Haqanoro'

Tara ro HaMilpare, pa3nilcrBatarr caruo HFKonKo nilc-Ta, a ilHaqe - Llrnara KHilra. Ho axo e B Haqanoro,HeKa HaltcmuHa ga 6tge B uaqaaomo. HRron aHrno-e3nqHil n3AaHtAA rO nocraBtlr cneA npeAroBopa' a qec-

TO AOpl/ CneA npeAroBopa, BbBeAeHreTo KbM nbpBoToil3AaHne il BbBeAeHUero KbM HaCTOflUIOTO l43AaHre.Toea e u3Knpq[TeflHa rnynocr. Cuc cuu-{ntl ycnex Mo-raT Aa ro cflo)KaT il B cpeAaTa.

ArrepnarnBeH BapilaHT e Aa nocraBnre B HaqanorocbBceM KpamKo cbgbpxaHue, BKnloqBaqo caMo rflaBh-Te, a HaKpafl - nogpo6no cbgbpxaHue vnv pe3oMe -TaKa ce npaBu nph KHurh c MHoro aHaflnTilqHu noA-pa3AeneHhr Ha reKcra. Tara KaKTo B Haqanoro cenocraBn cbAbpxaHme Ha rraBnTe, a HaKpag aHanvfn'qeH ilHAeKc Ha reMilTe, Kolaro o6hrHoaeHo ce npuApy-xaBa or uHAeKc Ha uMeHara. Toea ne e neo6xoAl4Monpm eAHa AhnnoMHa pa6ora. EocntamtqHo e, ga Bxnn-qrJme egno xy6aAo auanumuqHo cbgbpxaHue BegnaaacAeg mumyAHama cmpaHuua.

flogpea6ara Ha cbAbp)KaHmero rpn6Ba Aa orpa3e-Ba Ta3h Ha TeKcTa, BKnoqnTenHo il B npocTpaHcrBeHoorHoueHue. Cupeu, aKo B TeKcra naparpaQ 1. 2' enoApa3AeneHue Ha rfiaBa 1., ToBa rpn6ea Aa c_TaBa

flcHo 14 or caMara crpyKrypa Ha cbgbp)KaHnero. 3a Aae RcHo, e ra6nilqa 21 ule AaAeM ABa npnMepa 3a cb-Abpx(aHhe. Bce nax HoMepaqnsra Ha rnaBure il napar-paQrare Mo)Ke Aa 6une pa3fluqHa, cnopeA ynorpe6araHa pnMcKt4 u apa6cxv qnQpu, 6yreu n r. H.

240 16. Kax ce rrr4ue Ar{nrroMHa pa6ora 24I

VI.4. Crgrpxannero

Ta6nntp 21

nPnMEPHI/ CbEbPXAHt/fl : I-lbPBl/ nPilMEP

CBETbT HA qAPfll4 EPAYH

BueeAerHe crp. 3

1. LIAPJII/ 6PAYH 14 AMEPNKAHCKI/TE KOMI/KCyI

1. 1. Or Yellow Kid no Llapnra EpayH1. 2. llpnxn roqeHcKoro HanpaBfleHile

14 xyMopyrcTr4r{HoTo Han paBneHue1. 3. Cnyuanr [IJynq

2. BECTH I4KAPCKI/ nOEn 1/CTHIAU]/'n HEAEnHil CTPAHNUT/

2. 1. Putt'ttuqHil pa3nnKta2. 2. T ev at tAqHV p aa ntAKtA

3. 1/EEOflOTnqECKO CbEbPXAHT/E

3. 1. BilxgaHe 3a AercrBoro3. 2. 14unnrllilTHoro Bt4xEaHe sa ceMer4crBoro3. 3. flnqHocrHara uAeHTilqHocr

3. 3. 1. Kora curu as?3.3.2. Kom ca gpyrrre?3. 3. 3. ,4a 6rgeu nonyaepeH

3. 4. Heepo3a u 3gpaBe

1B

21

7II

10

33384558657888

tI

vI. oxouqarer'a pe[aKrlr4q Ha,qr4nJraMHara pa6ota I t' 4' clglpxanreto

nPilMEPHI/ CbtrbPX AHWA: nbPBt/ flPNMEP

4. PA3BI4TI/E HA TPAO]4L{HATA 3HAKOBOCT

3arnpqeHre

Ctarr crm Lt ecrl.a t a6 nuutri:hHEeKc Ha nonynnpHocr B Aruepnra

llpnnoxenue 1:Peanuts B aHilMaUmoHHilTe Qmnnrra

flprnoxeHme 2:lAttmta4uute na Peanuts

6u6nuorpagun:C6opnraqraCtaruvt, t4HTepBora, h3Ka3BaH vA Ha lllynqTpygoee Bbpxy npoil3Be,qeHnflra Ha LlJynrl- B CAt!- B gpyru crpaHu-VHac

189

242

nPl4MEPH[/ CbEbPX AHVtfl: BTOPI/ nPilMEP

CBETbT HA qAPflN 6PAYH

BueeAeHt,te

r. oT YELLOW KtD EO L{APnil sPAyH

I L BECTH l/KApCKt4 nOEn NCTHUUTAr HEEEflHIA CTPAHTALITA

crp. 3

7

ilr. t/IEoItorNqEcKo cbEbpxAHt4E

IV. PA3BI/TIIE HA TPAONqHATA 3HAKOBOCT

3axnto.{exue

18

45

60

90

243

M. Orou.rareJrHa pegaKrlr,n Ha [r4nJraMHara pa6ora

Cur4oro cbAbp)KaHhe or ra6nu+a 21 Moxe Aa 6b.qeHoMepilpaHo u TaKa:

A. NbPBA rNABAA. I flupera naparpaQA. ll Bropra naparpaQ

A. ll. 1. l-lr,pan nognaparpaQ Ha Bropl4 naparpa$A. |'i'.2. Bropra no4naparpaQ Ha Bropr4 naiarila$

lzlnn uoxe Aa ro npetrcraBilTe B cne4H vn BnE:

l. flrpea rnaBal. 1. flupera naparpael. 2. Bropra naparpaQ

l. 2. 1. l1upera no.qnaparpag ra Bropt4 naparpaQ14 T.H.

Moxe Aa cil rs6epe_re ,4 Apyru HaqilHr, crnra pe3yn_Tarbr or rrx Aa e noAo6Ha ecHora n noApelqeHocr.

Kaxro Bilxgare, He e HIDKHo Aa crarare roqKa cfle43arflaBilgra. f'lponsa Ha Ao6bp BKyc e Aa noApaBHnreqt4cnaTa oT AFCHO, a He oT flFBO, T. e. TaKa:

L9.

10.

A HE TAKA:

8.o

10.

Cur4oro Ba>KLT v npv prlMcKure qhQpr/. ,[pe6naeocrnu eroea? He, npocro npernegHocr. Aio epiroapusra_Ta Bh e 3acTaHafla Ha KpuBo, ctA fl onpaBrTe, a Aopl4 Ll HaxhnuTaTa He uM xapecBa Aa xoART C il3npa)KHeHilfl Ha rb_nboil no ApexuTe.

1l

f

VII. 3AKJIIOqEH'IE

Ellx ucran Aa 3aBbprrra c ABe rBbpAeHlrr: nucaHemo Hadunto.,wua pa1oma e sa1aeleuue w dituonuama pa1oma eKAmO npacemo - He ce u3x6bp/tfl Huu4o.

Tosu, rolZro rurMa BKyc KbM r,rgcJreAoBareJrcKara pa6o-Tavrrv rosr, rortro ce crpaxyBa or Heq, rofrro He 3Hae KaKaa s, Hafivfire cilrypHo rrle ce noqyBcTBaT rroTrrcHaTu, trpo-'avlTairwr ra3tl KHura. Tonrosa npaBI,IJIa, ToJrKoBa Hatlbrc-rnvnl. Hq Hflvra Aa oxcdBe.s...

BcuqHocr He e cbBceM rara. Bogen or il3r4cKBaHero 3ar,r3r{epnaTeJrHocT, a3 nr4lrrex 3a eAXH ero6pax<aeM q}rTaTeJI,xofrro a6conrorno Hr,rqo He 3Hae. Ho ncuqnocr Muoro orBac Berre ca npoqeJlil AocTa KHr,rru r4 ca oBJraAeJrr4 MHoroor'TexHr4Kr,rre, 3a Kolrro roBop.a ryr. Moara KHrlra rrle BrrrrocJry)Klr rroBerre 3a Aa cr4cTeMaTrd3rrpaTe rr ocb3HaeTeToBa, Koero, Moxe 6uvr6es caMlr Aa rroAo3rrpare, Berre cre3HaeJril. Clrqo Karo nprd noQroprre. Axo ce 3aMrrcJrrrurHaA TOBa, KaKBO 3Halrrd [a Kapau KoJIa, KaK 3a qacTr{qrr oTceKynAara rpx6na Aa B3eMarrr crg6onoorr4 perrreHrdrr, KaKHfiMarrr flpaBo Ha rperuKa... I4 rsnpeKrl ToBa noqrr4 Bcr4rr-Krr KapaT KoJpr r{ [o-roJrrMaTa qacT oT pa3yMHr{Te BoAaqil,MaKap r4 noHrrKora Aa rracTBaT B TpaHcnopTHr{ nporr3ruec-TBI4q, BCe naK OXI4B'BaT.

Baxrnoro e Aa [paBrdM Herrlara c ilcetaHue. 7I axo crewz1patm reMa, Ko.fiTo Br{ e r{HTepecna, aKo cre peru}rJrrdHavrcrmua ga il ce orAaAere npes BpeMero, onpeAeJreno3a Hanr{cBaHero Ha Arl[JroMnara pa6ora (a reue Ka3ax-Me, qe ro He Mo)Ke Aa 6tAe no-MaJrKo or rrrecr ueceqa),rqe sa6ene)Icdre, rle B e[rH MoMeHT 3arlorlBare Aa urega-Te Ha Hefl Karo e4vrr BvrF, Idrpa, o6lor, Karo rbpcene HacbKpoBr4ule.

244245

3axltoqenue

I4vra nsxaxeo cfloprHo yAoBoJrcrBr{e B rrpecJle[BaHeroHa eArrH TeKcr, roilro He rrle rd He rrle Aa ce orKptre, ruIKaK-BO EHilTMATI,ITIHO YAOBNETBOPEHUE, KOTATO CJICA A6JITI4pa3MrlrrrJresus. :eait- cerHe pasperrruur npo6nevr, xofrto tue rd3rJrex[aJr Hepa3per[rrM.

Tpn6na Aa nprdeMere Ar4nJroMmara cv pa6ora Karo npe-Arr3BrrKareJrcrBo. llpe4rseuxnar\wr cre Br4e. Blre cre sa-AaJrlr Bbnpoc, Ha rofrro Bce oilIe HflMare orroBop. 3na.rurIaK Blre rpx6na Aa HaMepr4Te pelrreHr,(ero c noMorrlTa HaorrpeAeJreHv gertcrsun Tara Ar{rrJroMHara pa6ora I43BeA-Hb)r( ce rpeBpbrrla B nap'rvrfl,3a ABaMa. Baurusr aBTop HevrcKa Ea Bv vsp.aqe raitttara cur, Ho Brde ro yxilKBare, pa3-rltmBaTe ro AeJItIKaTHo, Ho Heytv[opHo, TaKa rle B eAt{H Mo-MeHT Aa Br4 Kax(e roBa, Koero He Ka3Ba, tto 6u ucKM da ouKnrce. Torana Beqe naprrrflTa ce upeBpr'rrla B nb3eJl -BCttr4Kr[ fiapqeHrla ca'dalrvr\e, ocTaBa caMo Ia rr4 HapeAr4MIIO MECTATA

'IM.Axo rrpaere ra3rr mrpa cbc cnoprHa crpacr, IrIe Han-paBvm.e go6pa ArrnJroMHa pa6ora. Ho aro f{acrBare B

Her KaKTo ce f{acrBa n 6esuHrepeceH prryaJr, Mox(e Aard3[aAHere HrKbAe no n6Tfl. 3a rona Br4 roBop]Ix B Harla-Jroro, rqe ro rroBTopq v ceta (6es ga nponycHa HarroMHn-Hero, qe e He3aKoHHo) - aaine EaBw Harrr{ruar HtKaKBaAr4nJroMHa pa6ora, rrpefl]rrrrere fl., milv npocro He ce AId[-novrupafire. He cu ycJro)KHseaine )Kr4Bora. I/I Haft-ee'reHe ro ycJroxHrrBafire ua oH3rr, roftro tpx6aa \aBr4 rroMa-ra vrltvr Aa Bu tleTe.

Aro o6aqe cre HarrvcaJrr{ IrlrrJroMnara cv. pa6ora c )Ke-ilanrtre, qe Brr ce orBopu arIerI{T Aa npoAbJDKrre. ,[oraropa6orure, eAl,rHcrBeHara Bvr MrrcbJr IrIe e HacorleHa KbMKpM, KbM BaKaHr\vtfrTa, Ko.rrro cJreABa. Ho aro re3ara ecraHaJra go6pa, cbBceM HopMaJrHo e Aa floqyBcrBare cJreA

ArrruroMr{paHero roJr.flM eHTycr,ra3bM sa pa6ora. IIle nu cer{cKa Aa ce 3apoBr{Te n npo6neMtr{Te, ocraHaJrrf HeAoraMI'T3flCHEHI/1, AA NPOCJIEAITTE IIEEVTTE, KOtr{TO CA BI4 XPYIV(HAIIW,

Ho He ca BJre3Jrr4 B TeKcra. II{e lrcxare Aa flpoqerere r,r Apy-rtr{ KH},rrur, Aa nr4rrreTe MbApr,l Mr cilfi, Tosa osHaqaBa caMo,

246

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qe Al4nroMHara pabora e at{rr Bvrgvrpara rrHTeJIeKTyaJrHrts.sil Naera6oJrr{3bM u Brre cre craHaJr[ x<eprBa Ha rr3cJreAo-BareJrcKara crpacr. Marr o Karo repo{ na rlannun or Mo-depuu BperneHa, roftro npoAbJDKana 4a sanun a railxyt w ro-raro Beqe He crord npeq KoHBefrpa. II{e rpn6na Aopr4 Aa ceHacI4JrBaTe, 3a Aa CnpeTe.

Ho negntx< crpeJrr4, Mox(e Aa ycerure s ce6e cv eAHoBeqe oBraMHo X(eJraHrre 3a r{HTeJreKTyaJrHr4 tl39rre!.BaHvrfl.Crura AlrrrJroMHara pa6ora Aa He e 6wna sa Bac caMo r4H-crpyr\,reuT sa nplrgo6r,rBaHe Ha 3aBerHara Atr{[JroMa, a Errn-JIOMaTa OT cBOr cTpaHa - cpeAcTBo 3a pacTex( B Abp)KaB-r:rtre yrucru'ryr\vtu, vtrvr 3a ycnoKoeHre Ha poAr{Tenvre. VIHe e Ka3aHo, ue rpa6na ga wz6epere yulrBepcr4TercKa Ka-pfiepa. Mox<e 6u n\e 3arroqHere pa6ora 6eg uHreneKTyaJr-Hr4 npereHr\uur u 6tsc'sxa Ha HayqHrre creneHrd. M ncenaK eArH rrcrvrr.cKvr npoQecuonailhgr HlrKora He Moxe Aacrrpe Aa yqr v rpr6ra Aa 3Hae KaK ce Bbprrrrd roBa.

I4 roraro Blr ce HaJro)rill Aa rrpaBfiTe HrrKaKbB poA r,r3c-JreABaHlrr vilvr amarru3r{, qe ycraHoBr{Te, ve go6pe Harrpa-Benara Ar4rrJro\4Ha pa6ora e npoAyKr, or rofrro ne ce xetp-JUr Hrrrqo. Haft-HanpeA or Her Mo)r(e Aa vawr3ut eAHa-ABecrarr/rr/t, Ta Aopu r4 Krtv'Ja (c rasnecrna npepa60rxa). Ho cTeqeHr{e Ha BpeMeTo rrle ycTaHoBr4Te, qe [poAbJDKaBaTe Aa.fl oTBap{Te Ty 3a Aa HaMep}rTe HaKoe rlr4Tarqe, Ty Aa cBe-prare rr;rKoff 6v6nuorpaQuq. IIIe ce Bpbrrlare rrecro ]r KbMQrruonere 3a rrpoqereHyrre Klmtw, Kor4To IrIe Blr cJryx<ar r4B Ap)mr r43cJreABaHrls. Moxe Aopr4 Aa r{sloJrcBare qacrrt-or AilflJroMnara pa6ora, Ko]tro ca orrraAHaJur or oKoHqa-Terrurrs. TeKcr. Bropuunrur npo6neu 3a eAHa reMa Mo)KeAa ce oKar(e ocHoBeH 3a Apyra. IIle nr ce HaJrara Aa ceBpbrrlara KbM Ar4rrJroMHara cn pa6ora Aoplr cJreA Aecerr,r-rrervrfl..3a sac rfl rrle e Karo rrbpBara ruo6on - TpyAHo e Aace sa6panr. 3arqoro B ocHoBara rqe 6tge orrrrrbr or nbp-B-ATa Byr Cepr{o3Ha rd nocJIeAoBaTeJrHa I4HTeJreKTyanHa pa-6ora. A roBa He e KaKbB Aa e onrlT.

247

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TA3I{ KHrrrA

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MOTIIBI,I.

Tosra run noco6us 3acera rurMar cor{r4aJlHo nprlcbcrtsrle yrac. He ca qacr or yre6ulu AeJTHTIK Ha saBbprrrBarqure 6axa-JraBbpcKa rd MarrdcTbpcKa cTeIIeH B yHr,IBepcr,freTr4Te, HI,ITo HarlogrorBrrqrdre cBorra AorffopcKa rera (ea roBa B KaKbB npe-JroMeH MOMeHT B XUTBOTa MOXe Aa Ce IIOrBr{ UAenTA 3a AOK-TopcKa re3a BxL XXVI HraBa ,,Te3ara ua Apaurc" y Tpuna-ma mycKamnpu sa ArexcaHAbp [rorura). Crylenml a qecro14 AOKTOpaHTbT Ca rrcOCTaBeHrr CaMOCTOTTeJTHO Aa OTKpr4BarTexrrr{Kara Ha xyMarrrrrapuara pa6ora r{ Bcbrrlnocr Aa cecrrpaBrr, KaKTo ce cJryqa. Brpnau, qe BceKr{ Moxe Aa 6bAeHafIeH, CTI,Ira Aa e MOTI,IBI4paH 3a TOBa, Aa I,rcnbJItUIBa eQer-TrrBHo coqrraJrHr{ ponr. BapnaM cbrrlo raKa, qe rryJrrypara eycBor4Mocr Ha rroBeAeHI,r.rI - cbortsefiro Hanr{cBaHero Ha A06-pa I4 troqreHa Ard[JroMHa vrhnrmAoKropcKa avceprawrr Mo)Ke

Aa ce ycBol{ or BceKI,Iro. 3anognasaftKr,I ce c ,,KaK ce firureArl[JroMHa pa6ora", crygeH(r)rne qe ycBorr He caMo rex-HIdKaTa, HO r4 Bb3MOXHI4T€ MOpaJIHr4 OCHOBaHfiff, HA Xy!(aHr,I-Taprlcrr Kara. IpormouoJro)KHara Bb3Mo)KHocr rrbK - coqu-aJrrrgro KaTo caMoAeJIHocT - e 3acBr,IAeTeJIcTBaHa oT TtsbpAe-HI,/fffA Ha KoJrerrd, qe HarrHrdTe rrM pbKoBoAt/ffe[firt 6ulo ne3HaeJrr{ IiIMeTO UU, 6r,rno MO)KeJIII C eAHaKbB yC[eX Aa pbKO-BoAflT ArrnJroMaHTrd rd AoKToparrrrr B Kor Aa e HafrHa o6nacr.

flpuuqr,rnnre, npr{Jro)r(eHr{ B noco6rero, Morar Aa Morr,r-Brdpar ctyneHr(r)r,rre Aa rl3Bbprrrar rra paBHnqe cBorra(nrpra) HafIHa pa6ora rr eAHoBpeMeurro Aa ocb3Haflr co-III,IaJIHaTa SHaqI{MOCT 14 KOMyHI,IKaTI{BHaTa OCHOBa Ha CBO9

TpyA. floco6ucto BbBexAa B oHe3r ocHoBHr{ Herrla, Korrro B

249

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c[eqrraJDr3rrpaH nJraH ca TexHr{Ka Ha xyMaHr4TapHOTO r43C-JreABaHe, a B [o-mr{poK rrJraH ca [pocTo KyJrTypa (rva 6ee-IIeHHT{ CbBeTr4 3a XyMaHr4TaprrcTa KaTo AeTeKTr4B, 3a pa3-npeAeJrqHeTo Ha paooTaTa, 3a 3aBbprrrBaHeTo ir B cpoK r4

Ap.). Tg rl3rJrex(Aar [o3Harr4 ,t Jrecnw,AoKaro roBoptr 3a r.rrx,sa eN{afr rI4 BrdcoKoMep Ha il rrprrBrl.Jreu{poB aHa no Sllqua, goMoMeHTa, s rolZro ue rpa6na Aa u4 rrocrrdrHa caM. lloco6r-eTo rrpeAJrara MeToAr4Ka - CTbIIKa IIo cT"blKa - 3a rrpoeKTr4_paHeTo rd r{3rpilrqaHeTo Ha TeKCTOBOTO [pOCTpaHCrBO,,Ar{[JroMHa r4 [oKTopcKa pa6ora". CrqenpenreHHo He Kpr{eCBeTOTJIeAHI,IT9 CM HaIJIaCI/I rd OCHOBaH'I', Ha KOtr{TO TeXHO-rorr4qHoTo e HeApaMaTrrqHr{rT r4 Herepor4qeH MoAyc Haocb[IecrBqsane. 3a c[paBKa Muororo passim pa3Mr{rrrJre-Hrdfl KaKbB e cMr4cbJrlsT rd 3a KaKBO CJryJKrr Ar4nJroMHaTa pa_6ora. ,,Kar ce rrr4rrre Afi[JroMHa pa6ora" uJrelr{pa, qe ila-nr4cBaHero Ha Ar,rrrJroMHa r{ AoKTopcra pa6ora e cbtpaxqa-He Ha MI,IKpOCOqIaJIHOCT, 3a KOflTO Ca CbIrIeCTBeHr{ He CaMOycBorBauero u o6evmr or 3HaH[r, a noBeqe rqxHara [par-MawrKara, nafr-uarpa.a pa6orara, MaKap r{ ArdrrJroMHa,rpr6ra Aa ce v'vcrr:,r, B MexqyHapo4Horo npocrpaHcrBo, BKoero rr rrle ce pa3rroJroxr. Cne4oBareJruo BJraAeeueroCaMO Ha py_CKId e3I{K npeAl/t, AHOC - caMO Ha aMeprdKaHCKr{He crrlra. Hay+rure cBeroBe, rrpffi Kor{To npo3rlpar eK3rrc-TeHIITdaJIHId MHo)KecrB eHocrrd, 6wsar I4 e3I4KoBIl.

Cpeg ocnoBaHvflTa, r{3rribJrHr{Mrr c ycultrle, cM.rITaM 3aoco6eno rIeHeH Bb3rurega, qe coqr4arHara rd KoMyHWKaruB-Ha cTpaHa Ha xyt!{aHr4Tap[Vn TpyA cJreABa Aa HaAxBbpJrr4rrrtrrurrfr, r4HTepec Ha aBTopa, pa6orara Aa e Han\r.caHa raKa,rre Aa e pas6rpaeua r4 rrpocJreAtrwa tt or Apyrrd, ffcHorara 3arrr{TaTeJrfl Aa e npeAr4 Bcr{rrKo rcHoTa Ha aBTOpa IIo pa3r{cK_BaHaTa TeMa. flOcleAHoro na lfona Ha [eprroArdrrHo HaArd-raqr{Te ce n El.nrapufl. B.bIrHl,t' or x(eJraHr{r 3a HeffcHo, rrrpo-Bo yt uilvocr4HKpa3uo roBopeHe Ha aBTop[Te sa ce6e cvqpe3 HflKaKbB_MaTepr{aJr,. 3a KoeTo toBopeHe MaTeprdaJrsT ecaMo fioBoq. Ees Apyro, Aorrycrr{Mo e Ia ce vIWIJTM r4 3a Ha-pbrrHr,rK 3a HercHo rrrtcane, rofrro cbtrlo 6r cpeuluan ropeunpr4eM.

3aqo uaganarre ra3r4 Krrrlra

3aqo floco6rrero na upo(f. Exo, a r{e Apyrrdre noco6ut,rrorryJrrpHrr n Enpona?,{a raxevr, 3arr{oro aBTopbr e [o-no-IIyJIflpeH rdJrr{ nbK 3arrloTo rrocJreABaJurTe ro ca cTpor4JrrdBbpxy paspa6orena or Hero reprdroprdr; 3arrloro Ha Hero,HapeA c Apyrr4, rrpr{HaAJrex(r,r o6prqaneTo KbM oH3r4 eJre-MeHT or o6pasonaurero 14 obpa3oBaHocrra, rofrro Mo)Ke Aace onpeAeJrr4 Karo rrparMatr,rqna orroBopnocr, o6yraBaue B

rrpaBeHero Ha peaJrHr4 cuTya]qJlr/r. He na [ocJreAHo MfcTo,sarrloTo qpe3 Ta3r4 KHrdra ce [pofcHrBaT eTr4rrecKr,rTe ocHo-Banrrfr, Ha HafrHrd re3rd Ha Vvr6epro Ero, nosnarr{ y Hac.Crulo raKa eAHa cb[ocraBKa Me)r1y noco6zeto ,,KaK cenl4rlre ArlnJroMua pa6ora", 1977 t't ,,llMero ua po3ara", 1980r43rJrex(Aa rrpr{BireKareJrna; Tr 6r orrpuna reMrdre 3a apxard-qHocrra Ha repordKara, Quxcttpalra ce B HayKara Karo re-HI4aJTHOCT T{ CaMOTHa

'I3KJIIOTII4TeJIHOCT, 3a BI4COKOMep'TeTO

Ha 3HaHI4ero, 3a noreHrlrrannua QyngaMeHTaJlr3bM rr Ha

ABere r,r r.n.). Bx. uanp. qacr IV. 2. 4 ,,HayuHara cKpoM-Hocr", B Kosro a6ar Bale e crroMenar cbBceM Karo r{crl4u-crtr. Tosl,r (rasl.r) utr, roftro rro3naBa ,,Ocrpontr or [pe-Avtrrrnvrs. geu" 6vt npouen(a) c troBeqe pas6llpane, c xepMe-HeBTrrqHa crpaxofloqrlT rracr IIL 2. 4. ,,Bu6mtoreKara HaA-nercangp vrfl' e\r/rH ercuepuuenr".

fiawt rrMa ocHoBaHMe aa pa3qr4TaMe eryrlrecKrd rdHTeuqr4rde noco6rlero, or Kotr{ro cavrwrr aBTop cflKarrr ce [peAla3Ba, 3a

Aa He 3Bytld Ha3I4AaTenHO

,,Or ro3r,r enr,r3og (c rrurrara ua a6ar Bane - 6.u. A.A.)Haryvx, qe Koraro ce npaBrd rd3cJreABaHe, ne tpa6na qa cenpene6perBa Hrdro eAr4H u3TorrHrrK, no flprurlrdrt. Tona e,Koero HaprdqaM HafrHo cMrdpeHrde. Hauapno o[peAeJreHr4-ero e JII4IIeMepHo, ruft rato Kprle Mnoro ropgocr, Ho Hensnagafirc B MopaJrrrrd repsanwfr,: ropAocr r/lnrr cMr/rpenne,KaKBoro u Ea e, npaKTrdKyBafrre to." (c. I72 or Hacrorrqe-TO r,r3[aHre).

OcroaaHrnra orKpr{BaM B caMr4r reKcr, B cbrrocraBKarac Apyr[ TcxcroBe Ha aBTopa. He e nrguoxHo Aa He qereM1'ogr,r r4Jtt{ oII1c no-paHHI4 TeKcroBe rra V. Ero (,,Anoranrn-'r'!nln l4Jr1,l nHTerpnpaHn" nanp.) rd errlqecKr4, cJreA Karo rroc-

250

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JreAHrrre My cbrrr4HeHr{r (,,cinque scritti morali" r4 ,,In cosacrede chi non crede'(*) ca orxponeHo nocBerenvrHa erI{qec-Kr4 [po6JreMr4.

flpu uucanero Ha Ard[JroMHa r,r AoKropcKa pa6ota cr-rrIecTByBaT noHe ABe cTpaHr,I: cTyAeHTbT r4 HarrHr,IrT pbKoBo-[r4TeJr. Kaxeo 6lr uorrr Aa Hayqr{ wrrv Aa crd npldrroMHl{ pb-KoBoAlrreJrrr Ha Ar{nJroMaHTa or roBa uoco6ue? Bce nerqa,KOIiITO tOft, 6eS Apyfo 3Hae, OCTaBa CaMO \A fU nprdJrOXU{:

Ha[p. qe TexHorort{qHoro pbKoBoAcrBo e 3a flpeAnorrrdraHenpeg a6crpar(rHoro, Aa He roBoprdM - rrpeA 6esorronopnocr-Ta, noHex(e pbKoBoAeHeTo Ha Ar4nJIoMaHTr4Te ce 3anJraula 14

KOJIKOTO Te Ca noBerre, [pOnOpqrrOHaJrHO pacTe r{ AOXOAbT OT

ux. ,{orrycKaM, qe HafrHr,mr pbKoBoAI,ITeJr Moxe Aa floMor-He Aa ce nporBr4 HoBr4.rr coIIrdaJIeH o[tr{T, HoceH oT cTyAeHTa,

Ia noAKpenu rso6perareJrHocrra Ha Ar{rrJroMaHTa B nocoKarrvr (fopvra, ffcHora r4 caMocrorreJrHocr. ,[onycravr cbrrloTaKa, qe cwryarvtflra, B KogTo ABaMaTa cr4 pa3MeHfT MecTaTafi HaytHwtT pbKoBogr4Ter 6laea trolrrdKHar Krvr co6crseHor43cJreABaHe rrpe3 I4AeI,ITe u o6qynaHero cbc cBor []IIrJro-uanr/ AoKropaHT e oco6eso BboAyrrreBrBarrla. Or cauo ce6ecI,I ce npoyl!{rBa, qe ToBa He Mox(e Aa ce cJI] rr4, aKo pbKoBo-Aldrerqr BTDKAa B Arl[JroMaura rero6a rirJrr,r rfiToqHtrK Ha Ao-xoAtr, a Ar4nJroMaHrbr e y6egen, qe oHff e cKrrepo3tdpaJra ap-xar4qecKa rrapaAr4rMa.

Haft-ceure HsMa KaK Aa He ce ga6erexr{ pa3BegprBa-rrIIdrT xyMop, cbnpoBoxAarrl r43Jro)r(eHr4eTo, xeJraH Ko-Hlpa-nyHKT Ha ycr{Jrr{ero. Ero 3arrlo KbM yKa3aHl{flTa: ,,followme" trr ,,He npaBtl TaKa" qecro ce npr6ann HaMI4rBaHe - no-paAr4 oqaKBaHeTo, qe cTyAeHTbT He caMo rrle cJreABa, Ho r4

qe ce cbnporltBJrffBa Ha HarrbrcrBldqra. CtnpoutBara, crt -ra Aa He e or rldtta ,,ag cvr 3HaM" vr ,,TaKa He Mora", 6u Ao-BeJra BceKrdro Ao rrpilraxqaHe Ha yKa3aHr,rsTa KbM co6cTBe-Hara pa6ora r,r B ro3r4 cMr{cbJr Ao npeMoAeJrr{paHe Ha rroco-6uero. Cr-rnoprnaulara cbfiporr{Ba 6r orqena HenprrHyArr-

1F;t-"".*u * vopala" (xoero ure br,4e nydrurxyna'o Ha drlnapcKr{ or r43[.III4K,s npeBol Ha TIpeHa Kprcrena) u,,B xlxno dapnaroau, xofrio He nrpna"- oen. pea.

TeJrHocr.Ta Ha Hanbrcr BrrflT a, Trxuara rrracrl4qH ocr. TpyAna3agaqa. Brcoroto npeAHa3HaqeHrre Ha ToBa MeroAr{qecKouoco6ue ce_orKpr4Ba, cJreA Karo yKa3aHrrnra r"ry ao6poci_BecrHo ca 6v.nv. I,r3nbJrHrBalr,r. - \a rrgflBu caMocro.fiTer-Hocrra Ha Togl.r, xofrro ro e cJreABan, rofiro eAHoBpeMeHHoc flr{caHero Ha cBo.rrra Ar4nJIoMHa [Jrrl AoKTopcra pa6oraIrIe cbcraBt{ co6crseHoro-cu uoco6r4e,3a ceog rI,I.rHa ynor_pe6a u xofiro [o-KbcHo 6u vroru ga usnpo6eu ."o"ri *._roAl5a c IIeJI npeo6pasynaulo uogo6peHre.

,,KaK ce nrrle Ar4[JroMHa pa6ora.; r4Ma KbM rlerHaAece_Tr4Ha r43AaHua (ro;rxona sacrKoxMe B pa3rrrqHrr [opegr4rlr{Ha rl3AareJrcrBo ,,EoMrru.awv,,) e Wranin, Br4xAaxMe npeBo_Aa er Ha Apyru esrr\v, KoeTo cl5qo TaKa Hrd oKypilrc4 3a

'13_AaBaHero il Ha 6rlrapcxu. Eguara or [opeAr{qr4Te,,Strumenti Bompiani" e noa peAaKr{r4flra na Vr,6ifi}*;r{ BKJIroqBa noMaraJra, BbBex(raqr4 B pagJrrrqsr o6rracrr uaxyMaHr4TapHoro 3HaHr{e. fia cm fiox(eJraeM nolo6uo cr4cre_MaTr4rrHo pa3rpblrlaqo ce HarlrdHaHr4e, ,r3[bJIHeHO 14 oT yilt1r-Bepcr{TecKr{Te rrperroAaBareJrr4 r Errrapraa. lloxelairue,Koero 6u uomo Aa ce c6rAse, aKo ce o[peM Ha orAeJrHrdreyCIIeIIIHI,I OilVITt[..

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