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UGANDA FINANCIAL INCLUSION

INSIGHTS SURVEY

Technical Report

WAVE FIVE 2017

October 2017

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Contents

1. Background Information .......................................................................................................................... 3

2. Sample Design............................................................................................................................................ 3

a. Sampling frame ...................................................................................................................................... 3

b. Sample allocation and selection ........................................................................................................... 4

c. Sampling weights ................................................................................................................................... 6

d. Deviation in sample implementation .................................................................................................. 8

3. Questionnaire ............................................................................................................................................. 9

4. Recruitment and Field Staff Training ................................................................................................... 10

5. Fieldwork .................................................................................................................................................. 11

6. Response Rates ........................................................................................................................................ 11

7. Data Quality Control Measures ............................................................................................................. 12

a. Pre-field quality control ...................................................................................................................... 12

b. In-field quality control ........................................................................................................................ 12

8. Data Processing ....................................................................................................................................... 13

9. Annex: Survey Questionnaire ................................................................................................................ 14

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1. Background Information InterMedia conducted a nationally representative survey in Uganda to explore the uptake and usage of digital financial services (DFS) among the adult population (aged 15 and over). This Financial Inclusion Insights (FII) survey is the fifth in a series of surveys InterMedia uses to track the role DFS play in money transfers, payments, and savings among various consumer segments. The survey will provide actionable insights for a range of stakeholders involved in the DFS sector. The survey specifically aims to:

Measure adoption and use of DFS among specific target groups (e.g., poor, rural and unbanked);

Evaluate service performance among DFS agents and customers;

Produce consumer insight to support product and service development and delivery;

Identify drivers and barriers to further adoption of DFS, and;

Collect data enabling forward projections and insight that will generate market growth.

The survey called for a nationally representative sample of 3,000 interviews with adults. It was

designed to produce estimates for the main FII indicators for the country as a whole, and by residence

(urban and rural).

2. Sample Design

a. Sampling frame

The Uganda Bureau of Statistics conducted the 2016/2017 Uganda National Household Survey

(UNHS) which aims to:

Collect data on socio-economic indicators used to monitor and track progress towards Uganda’s development goals, in particular, poverty trends, and

Meet the data needs of key users including Ministries, Departments and Agencies (MDAs) of Government and Development Partners, among others.

The sampling frame used for the 2016/2017UNHS is the list of enumeration areas (EAs) created for

the 2014 Uganda Population and Housing Census (UPHC 2014). An EA corresponds to a village in

rural areas and to a city block in urban areas. Uganda currently has 116 districts, which were grouped

into 15 subregions. The sample for the UNHS is a two-stage stratified sample. A stratum corresponds

to the urban or rural area of a subregion. The sample was selected independently from each stratum.

In the first stage, 1,726 EAs were selected as primary sampling units with probability proportional to

their number of households. Each sampled EA was listed during a household listing operation to

create a frame for the selection of households. In the second stage, 10 households were sampled from

each selected EA using the systematic selection procedure.

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Due to budgetary and time constraints, the FII survey does not include a household listing operation.

For this reason, the FII survey subsampled the 2016/2017 UNHS and used its household lists for the

selection of households to be interviewed.

b. Sample allocation and selection To take nonresponse into account, the target sample size for FII was increased to 3,450 based on an overall response rate of 87 percent from the 2016 Uganda Demographic and Health Survey (95 percent for coverage rate, 94 percent for household response rate and 97 percent for household member response rate). The final sample size was first allocated to subregions proportionally to their population aged 15 years and over (Table 1). The resultant sample size was then further distributed to urban and rural within the subregion in proportion to their size (Table 2). Table 1. Distribution of population aged 15 years and over by subregion and residence

Subregion Urban Rural Total % share

Kampala 989,464 0 989,464 5.5

Central1 1,195,765 1,223,359 2,419,124 13.4

Central2 519,110 1,368,319 1,887,429 10.5

Busoga 283,016 1,463,390 1,746,406 9.7

Bukedi 127,352 788,458 915,810 5.1

Bugishu 173,185 737,172 910,357 5.0

Teso 89,956 808,846 898,802 5.0

Karamoja 68,068 411,094 479,162 2.7

Lango 147,541 911,440 1,058,981 5.9

Acholi 185,168 569,662 754,830 4.2

Westnile 167,269 1,144,381 1,311,650 7.3

Bunyoro 196,549 1,046,173 1,242,722 6.9

Tooro 255,393 856,009 1,111,402 6.2

Ankole 409,029 1,154,148 1,563,177 8.7

Kigezi 136,210 605,975 742,185 4.1

Total 4,943,075 13,088,426 18,031,501 100

Source: 2014 Uganda Population and Housing Census (UBOS)

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Table 2: Sample allocation

Subregion Urban Rural Total

Kampala 189 0 189

Central1 229 234 463

Central2 99 262 361

Busoga 54 280 334

Bukedi 24 151 175

Bugishu 33 141 174

Teso 17 155 172

Karamoja 13 79 92

Lango 28 174 203

Acholi 35 109 144

Westnile 32 219 251

Bunyoro 38 200 238

Tooro 49 164 213

Ankole 78 221 299

Kigezi 26 116 142

Total 944 2,505 3,449

The sample for FII was a three-stage stratified sample. A stratum was the same as for the UNHS and the sample was selected independently in each stratum. In the first stage, EAs were subsampled from the UNHS sample with equal probability (Table 3) given that EAs retained on the UNHS were sampled with probability proportional to size. In the second stage, 12 households were selected in each sampled EA. In the third and final stage, one household member aged 15 years or over was selected in each sampled household using the Kish grid. The selected household member was administered the survey questionnaire.

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Table 3: Number of selected EAs and households (after rounding)

EAs Households

Subregion Urban Rural Total Total

Kampala 16 0 16 192

Central1 19 20 39 468

Central2 8 22 30 360

Busoga 5 23 28 336

Bukedi 2 13 15 180

Bugishu 3 12 15 180

Teso 2 13 15 180

Karamoja 2 7 9 108

Lango 2 15 17 204

Acholi 3 9 12 144

Westnile 3 18 21 252

Bunyoro 3 17 20 240

Tooro 4 14 18 216

Ankole 7 18 25 300

Kigezi 2 10 12 144

Total 81 211 292 3,504

c. Sampling weights

The sample for the FII survey is not self-weighting, therefore, sampling weights were calculated. The first component of the weights is the design weight based on the probability of selection for each stage of selection. The second component uses non-response rates at both household and individual levels. The EAs were first selected with probability proportional to size for the UNHS within each stratum (rural or urban in the subregion), where the measure of size was the number of households in the sampling frame (UHPC 2014). The probability of selection of the EA into the UNHS sample is given by:

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where:

P1dhi = First stage probability of inclusion into the UNHS for the i-th sample EA in stratum (rural/urban) h of subregion d

ndh = number of EAs selected in stratum h of subregion d for UNHS

Mdhi = Number of households in the 2014 UHPC sampling frame for the i-th sample EA in stratum h of subregion d

Mdh = total number of households in the 2014 UNHS sampling frame for stratum h of

subregion d

The second stage probability of sub-selection of the EA into the FII sample is given by:

where mdh = number of EAs selected for the FII survey for stratum h in subregion d The conditional probability of selection of households at the third stage of sampling is given by:

Where Ldhi is the number of households listed in the i-th sample EA in stratum (urban/rural) h of subregion d during the household listing operation conducted for the UNHS. The overall probability of selection for households in the i-th sample EA in stratum (urban/rural) h of subregion d is the product of the above probabilities of selection, that is:

M

Mn = P

dh

dhidhdhi

1

ndh

dhdh

m = P 2

L = P

dhi

hi

123

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The design weight for households is the inverse of this overall probability, calculated as follows:

P dhioverall

dhi = W

)(

1

Where Wdhi = design weight for households in the i-th sample EA in stratum h of subregion d

The design weights for households were adjusted for nonresponse at the household level. Sampling weights for individual household members were derived from adjusted household weights by applying non-response rates to them at the individual level after taking into account the subsampling done within the household. Finally, sampling weights for household members were normalized at the national level so the weighted number of cases equals the total sample size. The normalized sampling weights were attached to the data file and used during analysis. For key survey estimates, sampling errors were also produced using the SPSS Complex Sample module.

d. Deviation in sample implementation The sample design initially selected 12 households in each EA. However, during fieldwork many households and respondents could not be reached after four visits. To avoid a sample shortfall, additional households were sampled in 32 EAs. The number of additional selected households ranged between one and seven. As a result, the total number of selected households increased from 3,504 to 3,603.

LLn dhidh

dh dhi

dhidh

dh

dh

dhidhdhioverall

M

Mmm

M

Mn = P

1212)(

3. Questionnaire The survey questionnaire was developed in consultation with the Financial Services for the Poor program at the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation. It draws on the questionnaire used in previous FII surveys. The modules and topics in each module are shown in Table 4.

Table 4. Questionnaire content by module

SECTION 1: Demographics SECTION 9: Bank Account Ownership and Use

Age Access and ownership

Gender Power relations – bank accounts

Marital status Bank nonuse

Religion Full-service banks

Level of education Basic and advanced use – banks

SECTION 2: Subject Well-being SECTION 10: Mobile Money Awareness, Access and Registration

Happiness and satisfaction Awareness, access, ownership

Financial situation Mobile money use and nonuse

Depression Mobile money basic and advanced use

SECTION 3: Customer Documents Mobile money ecosystem

Official identification documents Power relations – mobile money

SECTION 4: Household Characteristics Mobile money proficiency

Relationship Mobile money agent and provider experience

Main income earner Use of mobile money products

Working situation SECTION 11: Nonbank Financial Institutions

SECTION 5: Income and Employment Use and account registration

HH sources of income NBFI account closure

Respondent's sources of income Basic and advanced NBFI use

Land ownership SECTION 12: Proximity to Financial Point of Service

Migration SECTION 13: Informal Financial Institutions

SECTION 6: Progress out of Poverty Index SECTION 14: Gender and Finances

School-aged children SECTION 15: Financial Health

Literacy level of the female head SECTION 16: Financial Literacy

Construction materials of the dwelling SECTION 17: Borrowing

Source of energy used and toilet facilities SECTION 18: Mobile Credit

Household total mobile phone ownership SECTION 19: Saving

Economic vulnerability SECTION 20: Insurance

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Ownership of radio and shoes in the family SECTION 21: Investment

SECTION 7: Shocks SECTION 22: Literacy

Types of shocks in the family SECTION 23: Harmonization Indicators

SECTION 8: Mobile Technology SECTION 24: Result of the Interview

Mobile phone ownership and use

Power relations – mobile phone

Phone prevalence

Phone-sharing

SIM card and mobile networks

Basic and advanced phone use and proficiency

The questionnaire was translated into the following local languages: Luo, Luganda, Runyoro/Rutooro,

Runyankole/Rukiga, Lugbara, Karamajong, Ateso, Kupsabiny, Lugwere, Rukonjo and Alur. To

ensure accuracy of the translations, back translation into English was conducted by translators who

had not seen the initial English version.

The questionnaire was then pretested in the field by a team consisting of 25 interviewers, five

supervisors and five data quality controllers, following a one-day detailed study of the questionnaire.

A total of 50 interviews were conducted during the pretest on 24 June 2017 in six EAs located in the

districts of Kampala and Wakiso. After the questionnaire was pretested, debriefing sessions were held

with the pretest field staff, and the questionnaire was modified based on the observations from the

pretest. The finalized questionnaire was used to develop a script for data collection on smartphones.

The script was thoroughly tested and validated before it was used in the field.

4. Recruitment and Field Staff Training Recruitment of the field staff was conducted by Ipsos Uganda, InterMedia’s local field partner. The field staff was recruited based on education level (at least a diploma), experience in previous FII surveys and financial surveys, experience in research, problem-solving skills, knowledge of data collection procedures, and language skills. For purposes of ensuring gender balance and sensitivity, both male and female interviewers were recruited. Following the recruitment of field staff, a centralized training was conducted in Kampala from 27 June to 02 July 2017. The training had two main components: classroom sessions and a field practice (also called pilot). The classroom sessions followed the training manual developed by InterMedia. These sessions covered the survey objectives, sampling methodology, fieldwork procedures, data quality control, guidelines on questionnaire administration and a detailed study of the questionnaire. Following the review of the questionnaire on paper, the training covered the use of smartphones for data collection, including the general operation of the devices and the administration of the scripted questionnaire. Classroom sessions also included role plays where one interviewer acted as a respondent and another asked questions while the rest of the teams observed. The teams also conducted mock interviews in groups of four people based on regions and local languages.

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The field practice (pilot) was conducted over the last two days of training (01-02 July 2017) in Kampala and Wakiso in EAs that were not sampled for the survey. A total of 300 interviews were conducted during the field practice and the collected data was analyzed to test the script again and validate the structure of the survey dataset.

5. Fieldwork Fieldwork was launched immediately at the end of training and ran from 5 July to 10 August 2017. Fieldwork first started in Kampala so all the teams could be observed in practice again before they traveled to other districts. Data collection was carried out by 25 teams with each team consisting of three interviewers and one supervisor. Each interviewer was expected to complete four interviews per day. In all selected EAs, the teams obtained authorization from the district and community leaders before commencement of data collection in the area. Introduction letters and identity cards were provided to the teams. The following three consent forms were obtained during fieldwork:

Parent/guardian consent form for all selected respondents between the ages of 15 and 17;

Consent form allowing the use of photography for all selected respondents; and

Informed consent form for the selected respondent to participate in a separate follow-up study.

6. Response Rates During fieldwork, some selected households could not be interviewed. Similarly, interviews could not be secured with some selected respondents. Below are the results of interviews for households and household members.

Table 5. Response rates

Urban Rural Total

Households

Number of households selected

1,001

2,602

3,603

Number of eligible households

921

2,336

3,257

Number of households interviewed

880

2,264

3,144

Response rate 96% 97% 97%

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Urban Rural Total

Adult household members

Number of eligible adults

879

2,263

3,142

Number of adults interviewed

836

2,165

3,001

Response rate 95% 96% 96%

7. Data Quality Control Measures A range of quality control measures was employed before, during and after data collection.

a. Pre-field quality control

Before fieldwork started, emphasis was put on recruiting and training the best interviewers and

supervisors, and on designing the relevant and right survey tools (interviewer and supervisor manuals,

and field control forms). In addition to field supervisors, InterMedia recruited an independent local

quality control (QC) team that reported directly to InterMedia. The QC team (QC team) attended the

same training offered to interviewers and supervisors, and traveled across the country to conduct

frequent and unannounced random checks on Ipsos Uganda’s field interviewers and supervisors. This

team also played the same roles as field supervisors, and, therefore, provided an additional layer of

monitoring fieldwork.

b. In-field quality control

The fieldwork quality control procedures included the following activities:

Direct observation: Thirty percent of all interviews were directly observed by supervisors or the QC team in full, or at least partially. The purpose of observation was to evaluate and improve interviewer performance and to look for errors and misconceptions that could not be detected through reviews of completed interviews.

Spot-checks: Ten percent of all interviews were subject to an in-person random spot-check by a supervisor or QC team member.

Call-backs (return visits): High nonresponse rates bias survey results. To minimize nonresponse rates at both household and individual levels, the field procedure included three return visits to maximize the participation of selected eligible respondents. Therefore, a total number of four visits were planned for each selected respondent.

Field control forms: The interviewers’ work was monitored and evaluated by keeping an accurate record of assignments and the status of interviews. Both interviewers and supervisors had field control forms to maintain.

Regular interim data review: With the use of digital data collection, InterMedia frequently received and reviewed interim data from the field. As a result, the quality of the data being collected was closely monitored and InterMedia provided real-time feedback to the field teams while they were still on the ground. These regular reviews helped minimize data errors and thus improved data quality.

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8. Data Processing Daily data monitoring was conducted to check the quality of the data, and to confirm receipt of completed interviews on the cloud servers. The data was checked for accuracy and outliers. Inconsistencies found in the data were communicated to the field teams and resolved through call-backs with respondents. Interim datasets were regularly received from the field for review. The structure of the dataset was aligned with the codebook prepared by InterMedia. A cleaned, fully labelled final SPSS dataset was produced.

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9. Annex: Survey Questionnaire

Wave 5 – Uganda

Section AA. Respondent Information:

Interviewer: Complete from

assignment sheet

AA1 Region AA8 Residence type 1=Urban 2=Rural

AA2

District/ AA9

AA3 County AA10 Household GPS

location

1= North

2= South

Latitude: ___________

Longitude: __________

AA4 Sub-County

AA5 Parish

AA6 Village

AA7 FII

EA/Cluster

Name:

FII

EA/Cluster

number:

Section AB Interview Information: Interviewer: Complete section

AB1 Date __ __ /__ __/ 2017

AB4

AB5

AB6

Interviewer

Number

Interviewer Name

Supervisor

Number

Supervisor Name

______________________

__

______________________

__

______________________

_

______________________

__

AB2 Start Time

(24 hours)

__ __: __ __ AB8 Interviewer

Gender

1=Male

2=Female

AB3 End Time

(24 hours)

__ __: __ __

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HH0. INTERVIEWER COMPLETES UPON HOUSEHOLD SELECTION, PRIOR TO

FIRST CONTACT

Response Code Instruction

House occupied and someone responsive 1 Go to INTRODUCTION

House lived in but no one home at time of visit 2 END INTERVIEW

Entire household absent for extended period of time 3 END INTERVIEW

Dwelling vacant/address not dwelling 4 END INTERVIEW

Dwelling destroyed 5 END INTERVIEW

Dwelling not found 6 END INTERVIEW

Other non-response 96 END INTERVIEW

INTRODUCTION

Good morning/afternoon/evening. My name is …………and I work for an independent market

research company called IPSOS based in Uganda. Today, we are conducting research about how you

use financial services that includes Banks, Mobile money, and non-bank financial institutions. This

information will help policy makers and financial service providers to improve on the products and

services they offer. Your household has been randomly selected to participate in the study, among a

total of 3000 households all over Uganda. I have a questionnaire that will take about 60-80 minutes

to complete, and targets those above 15 years of age, anyone above this age may be randomly chosen

to participate in the interview. It is my hope that an adult member of your household will agree to

share their views with me. There are no right or wrong answers, and our discussion will be treated

confidentially. May I have your permission to interview one of the adult members of your household?

Definition of household (INTERVIEWER, IF TWO OF THE THREE CHARACTERISTICS ARE TRUE CONSIDER IT A HOUSEHOLD): All those who (1) share the same food pot, (2) share the same roof or (3) have a common decision maker

Definition of adult: All those aged 15 years and above

HH1 – Interviewer - Will respondent participate in respondent collection procedure/consent to ask selected respondent to participate in interview?

Yes 1 Go to HH2

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No 2 END INTERVIEW

HH2. ASK All. First, I need to randomly choose who to interview from this household. Can you

give me the names and ages of all members who live in this household at the moment? Please tell

me one by one and start from the oldest.

INTERVIEWER: LIST EVERYONE WHO BELONGS TO THIS HOUSEHOLD

REGARDLESS OF WHETHER THEY ARE AT HOME AT THE TIME OF THE VISIT.

LISTING OF ALL HOUSEHOLD MEMBERS

Name of members of the

household (SHOULD BE =

DG8)

Age of

the

members

of the

househol

d

Gender of

the

members of

the

household

Eligible for

an interview

Yes if Age

≥15

No,

otherwise

SCRIPT TO RANDOMLY

SELECT ONE PERSON

FROM THE LIST OF

ELIGIBLE

RESPONDENTS

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

17

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

23

24

25

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NAME OF SELECTED RESPONDENT:

NAME:

INTERVIEWER:

AFTER THE RESPONDENT HAS BEEN SELECTED, ASK IF THEY ARE IN THE

HOUSEHOLD. IF THE PERSON SELECTED IS WITHIN THE HOUSEHOLD, ASK TO

SPEAK TO THEM.

1. IF SELECTED RESPONDENT IS 15 TO 17 YEARS OF AGE, GET PERMISSION FROM THE PARENT/ GUARDIAN BEFORE BEGINNING THE INTERVIEW. USE THE CONSENT FORM BELOW. (HH3A)

HH3A – RESULT OF PARENTAL CONSENT

ASK ONLY IF SELECTED RESPONDENT IS AGES 15-17


Consent received 1 Go to HH3B

Consent not received 2 END INTERVIEW

HH3B Result of respondent selection


Selected respondent is present and agrees to participate 1 Go to HH3D

Not home at time of visit 2 END INTERVIEW

Refused 3 END INTERVIEW

Incapacitated 4 END INTERVIEW

HH3C. Confirmation of interview ending

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If HH3B=2/4 – Are you sure you wish to end the interview?


Yes 1 END INTERVIEW

No 2 Go to HH3B

HH3D. Callback Information


Original (1st) 1 Go to DG1

1st Callback (2nd) 2 Go to DG1

2nd Callback (3rd) 3 Go to DG1

3rd Callback (4th) 4 Go to DG1

Parent/guardian Consent Form (for respondents who are 15 – 17 years old)

Name and Address Date Dear Sir/Madam, RE: DFS TRACKER | Survey on mobile phones and other services that people use Thank you for agreeing to have your daughter/son take part in this survey on mobile phones and other services that people use. Please note that your daughter/son is NOT allowed to take part in the survey if we do not have your consent in the form of a signature below. Please do sign below. I have read and understood the entire document (which has further been explained to me) and have agreed to have my daughter/son participate in the research conducted by SAGACI

Refused Consent

1

Thank & Close

Granted Consent 2 Complete Signature Section Below

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Parent/Guardian Name................................................................................... Relation to Minor..................................................................... Signature.............................................................................. Date......................................................................................

If you have any queries at all regarding this research, please contact

Project Coordinator: OR Project Manager:

Thank you very much for your help and support. Yours sincerely, Name and signature

SECTION I: DEMOGRAPHICS

DG1. ASK All. What year were you born? ________

* IF THE RESPONDENT REPLIES “DON’T KNOW” THEN ESTIMATE BY ASKING

ABOUT HOW MANY YEARS WAS THEIR BIRTH BEFORE OR AFTER A SIGNIFICANT

HISTORICAL EVENT.

DG2. ASK All. Is the respondent a male or a female?

*This question is recorded by an interviewer based on observation.

DO NOT ASK. RECODE AS YOU OBSERVE. SINGLE

ANSWER

Male 1

Female 2

DG3. ASK All. What is your marital status?

21

READ OUT. SINGLE ANSWER.

Single/ never married 1

Polygamous married 2

Monogamously married 3

Divorced/ Separated 4

Widowed 5

Living together/Cohabiting 6

Other 96

DK - DO NOT READ 99

DG3A. ASK All. What is your religion?

DO NOT READ. CODE TO FIT. SINGLE ANSWER

Christianity 1

Islam 2

Traditional African 3

Hinduism 4

Buddhism 5

No religion 6

Other 96

DK - DO NOT READ 99

DG4. ASK All. What is your highest level of education?

READ OUT. SINGLE ANSWER.

No formal education 1

Primary education not completed 2

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Primary education completed 3

Some secondary education 4

Secondary education completed 5

Some secondary vocational training/some certification 6

Secondary vocational training complete/certificate complete 7

Some diploma 8

Diploma completed 9

Some college/university 10

University degree completed 11

Post-graduate university degree completed 12

Koranic school 13

Other 96

DK - DO NOT READ 99

SECTION 2: SUBJECTIVE WELL BEING

WB1. ASK All. I would like to ask you some simple questions on happiness and satisfaction.

*You can also look at these pictures to help you with your response.

First, taking all things together, would you say that you are very happy, somewhat happy, neither

happy nor unhappy, somewhat unhappy, or very unhappy?

(SHOW SIDE 1 OF RESPONSE CARD AND EXPLAIN WHAT EACH SYMBOL

REPRESENTS. CIRCLE THE RESPONSE CODE SELECTED BY THE RESPONDENT)

Very

happy

Somewhat

happy

Neither happy,

nor unhappy

Somewhat

unhappy

Very

unhappy

23

SINGLE ANSWER

Very happy 1

Somewhat happy 2

Neither happy nor unhappy 3

Somewhat unhappy 4

Very unhappy 5

WB2. ASK All. Overall, how satisfied are you with your life as a whole these days? Would you say

that you are very satisfied, somewhat satisfied, neither satisfied nor unsatisfied, somewhat unsatisfied

or very unsatisfied?

WB2A. ASK All. How satisfied are you with your financial situation presently? Would you say that

you are very satisfied, somewhat satisfied, neither satisfied nor unsatisfied, somewhat unsatisfied or

very unsatisfied?

(SHOW SIDE 2 OF RESPONSE CARD AND EXPLAIN WHAT EACH SYMBOL

REPRESENTS. CIRCLE THE RESPONSE CODE SELECTED BY THE RESPONDENT)

Very

satisfied

Somewhat

satisfied

Neither

satisfied, nor

unsatisfied

Somewhat

unsatisfied

Very unsatisfied

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SINGLE ANSWER WB2 WB2A

Very satisfied 1 1

Somewhat satisfied 2 2

Neither satisfied nor unsatisfied 3 3

Somewhat unsatisfied 4 4

Very unsatisfied 5 5

WB2B. ASK All. In the past 12 months, would you say that your financial situation has improved,

worsened, or stayed the same? Is that ‘improved/worsened a little or a lot’?

SINGLE ANSWER

Improved a lot 1

Improved a little 2

Stayed the same 3

Worsened a little 4

Worsened a lot 5

WB3. ASK All. Overall, how worried are you about the future? Would you say that you are very

worried, somewhat worried, neither worried nor unworried, somewhat unworried or very

unworried?

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SINGLE ANSWER

Very worried 1

Somewhat worried 2

Neither worried nor unworried 3

Somewhat unworried 4

Very unworried 5

WB4. ASK All. Thinking about yesterday, were you feeling depressed at all?

SINGLE ANSWER

Yes 1 GO TO WB4A

No 2 SKIP TO NEXT

SECTION

Refused – DO NOT READ 98 SKIP TO NEXT

SECTION

WB4A. ASK IF WB4=1. Would you say that you were feeling depressed the whole day, most of the

day, a few hours of the day, a few minutes of the day, or just momentarily?

SINGLE ANSWER

Whole day 1

Most of the day 2

A few hours 3

A few minutes 4

Momentarily 5

Refused-DO NOT READ 98

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SECTION 3: KNOW YOUR CUSTOMER DOCUMENTS

DG5. ASK All. Now I'm going to read a list of official identification documents. Please tell me

whether or not you have the following

READ OUT. SINGLE ANSWER PER ROW 1=Yes

2=No

1.Government-issued ID/national ID

2.East African passport

3.International passport

4.Driver’s license

5.School-issued ID

6.Voter’s card

7.Ration card

8.Employee ID (for government/civil servants)

9.Military ID

10.Birth certificate

11.Village/ LC ID

SECTION 4: HOUSEHOLD CHARACTERISTICS

DG6. ASK All. What is your relationship to the household head?

DO NOT READ ANSWER CHOICES . CODE TO FIT. SINGLE ANSWER

Head 1

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Spouse 2

Son/daughter 3

Father/mother 4

Sister/brother 5

Grandchild 6

Other relative 7

Servant/house help 8

Other non-relative 9

DK - DO NOT READ 99

DL0. ASK All. Who is the main income earner in your household?

READ OUT. SINGLE ANSWER

Myself 1

Somebody else 2

DL1. ASK All. In the past 12 months, what were you mainly doing for work?

DO NOT READ ANSWER CHOICES. PROBE. CODE TO FIT.

SINGLE ANSWER

Working full-time for a regular salary 1

GO TO DL2

Working part-time for a regular salary 2

Working occasionally, irregular pay (whenever the work is available) 3

Working per season (e.g., only during the harvest season) 4

Self-employed, working for yourself 5

Not working but looking for a job 6

SKIP TO DL4

Housewife or stay-at-home husband doing household chores 7

Full-time student 8

Not working because of retirement 9

Not working because of sickness, disability, etc. 10

28

Other 96

DK-DO NOT READ 99

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SECTION 5: INCOME AND EMPLOYMENT

DL2. ASK ONLY IF ANSWERS 1-5 IN DL1. OTHERS SKIP TO DL4. What is your primary job

(i.e., the job where you spend most of your time)? PROBE. CHOOSE CODE FROM THE LIST

BELOW. SHOWCARD

“____________________________”

01=Farm owner 02=Farm worker 03=Public or health service worker (non-professional) 04=Professional (i.e., doctor, teacher, nurse) 05=Clerk 06=Carpenter/mason 07=Mechanic 08=Electrician 09=Cleaner/house help

10=Waiter/cook 11=Driver, including public transport (boda-boda, taxis, bus, etc.) 12=Tailor 13=Secretary 14=Manager 15=Watchman/security guard/caretaker 16=Messenger 17=Policeman/police reserve 18=Conductor 19=Factory employee 20=Shop owner

21=Salesperson in a store 22=Street vendor/hawker (selling groceries) 23=Other business owner ______________________________ 24=Salonist 25=Money lender 26=Landlord/land lady 27=Miner (gold, sand, coal, oil, etc.) 28=Military 29= Occasional worker with no occupation 98=Refused - NOT READ

DL4. ASK All. Please tell me in which of the following ways you got money in the past 12 months?

READ OUT. SINGLE ANSWER PER ROW 1=Yes 2=No

1.Selling products of agriculture or rearing livestock

2.Money from family/friends/spouse sent for regular support

3.Payments from government, including pension, student scholarship,

government benefits, etc.

4.Ran own business

5.Employment in private sector

6.Employment in public sector

DL6. ASK All. Does anyone in your household own a farm/farmland?


Yes 1

No 2

30

DL7. ASK IF DL6=1, OTHERS SKIP TO DL11. Do you work on the farm yourself?


Yes 1

No 2

DL8. ASK IF DL6=1. How much of your land is under cultivation? ________Acres (RECORD -2 for DK ) DL11. ASK All. In the past 12 months, how many times did you move from one home to another?

_______________ times (RECORD 99 for DK)

SECTION 6: PROGRESS OUT OF POVERTY INDEX

There must be no answers recorded in this section that are different from the given answer options

for each specific question and answer options should not be re-ordered.

DL15. ASK All. Are all household members aged 6-12 currently in school?


No 1

Yes 2

No one ages 6 to 12 3

DL16 ASK All. Can the (oldest) female head/spouse read and write with understanding in any

language?


No 1

31

No female head/spouse 2

Yes 3

DL17. ASK All. What type of materials is mainly used for construction of the wall of the dwelling?


Unburnt bricks with mud, mud and poles, or other 1

Unburnt bricks with cement, wood, tin/iron sheets, concrete/stones,

burnt stabilized bricks, or cement blocks 2

DL18. ASK All. What type of materials is mainly used for construction of the roof of the dwelling?


Thatch, or tins 1

Iron sheets, concrete, tiles, asbestos, or other 2

DL19. ASK All.

What source of energy does the household mainly use for cooking?


Firewood, cow dung, or grass (reeds) 1

Charcoal, paraffin stove, gas, biogas, electricity (regardless of source), or

other 2

DL20. ASK All. What is the type of toilet facility does the household mainly use?


32

No facility/Bush/ polythene bags/bucket/etc., or other 1

Uncovered pit latrine (with or without slab), Ecosan (Compost toilet) or

Covered pit latrine without slab 2

Covered pit latrine with slab 3

VIP latrine, or flush toilet 4

DL21. ASK All. How many mobile phones do members of your household own?

DL22. ASK ALL. Does any member of your household own a radio?

No 1

Yes 2

DL23. ASK ALL. Does every member of the household have at least one pair of shoes?

SINGLE ANSWER

No 1

Yes 2


None 1

One 2

Two 3

Three or more

33

WB6. ASK All. , EXCEPT THE THIRD AND FOURTH EVENT. Have you experienced any of

the following events in your household in the past 12 months?

WB7. ASK ONLY THE EVENT MENTIONED IN WB6 (WB6=1). How many months ago did this event occur last?

WB8. ASK ONLY THE EVENT MENTIONED IN WB6 (WB6=1).. About how weak or strong

was the effect of this event on your household?

WB6 1=Yes 2=No (IF ALL=NO, SKIP TO SECTION 8

WB7 0=less than one month ago 99=DK - DO NOT READ

WB8

1 = Very weak

2 = Somewhat weak

3 = Neither weak, nor

strong

DL24. Now I’m going to read several statements. Please tell me which one best

describes your family’s financial situation?

SINGLE ANSWER

We don't have enough money for food 1

We have enough money for food, but buying clothes is difficult 2

We have enough money for food and clothes, and can save a bit, but not enough

to buy expensive goods such as a TV set or a refrigerator

3

We can afford to buy certain expensive goods such as a TV set or a refrigerator 4

We can afford to buy whatever we want 5

DK 99

SECTION 7: SHOCKS

34

“MOBILE TECHNOLOGY”)

4 = Somewhat strong

5 = Very strong

1.Death of a household member

2.Illness of a household member

3.Livestock died(IF DL6=1)

4.Crop disease/pests(IF DL6=1)

5.Drought/floods

SECTION 8: MOBILE TECHNOLOGY

Subsection 8.1: Mobile phone ownership and use

MT2. ASK All. Do you personally own a mobile phone?


Yes 1

No 2

__

MT2A. ASK IF MT2=1. OTHERS SKIP TO MTS2. Do you own the following types of phones?

(INTERVIEWER REQUEST TO SEE THE PHONES)

MT3. ASK ONLY PHONE TYPE MENTION IN MT2A.. How many of the following types of

phones do you own? (INTERVIEWER REQUEST TO SEE THE PHONES)

READ OUT. MT2A

1=Yes

2=No

MT3

WRITE

DOWN

35

THE

NUMBER

1.Basic phone (only allows calling, messaging, and saving phone

numbers)

2.Feature phone (has a camera, radio)

3.Smartphone – has email, mobile applications

MTS2. ASK All. What is the total number of mobile phones owned by the different members of

your household, except the ones you personally own?

_____________ (RECORD 99 for DK).

MTS3. ASK IF MTS2>0 OR MT2=1. How many of the mobile phones in your household are

shared among the members of your household? _____________ Phones.

MT2B. ASK IF MT2=1 OTHERS SKIP TO MT7. About how many people do you share your

mobile phone with or allow to use it when needed? _____________ (RECORD 99 for DK).

8.2: POWER RELATIONS – MOBILE PHONES

MT2C. IF MT2=1 Others skip to MT7. How involved or uninvolved are you in deciding how your

mobile phone is used?

SINGLE ANSWER

Very uninvolved 1

Somewhat uninvolved 2

Neither uninvolved, nor involved 3

Somewhat involved 4

Very involved 5

DK-DO NOT READ 99

36

MT2D. IF MT2=1 Others skip to MT7. How involved or uninvolved are your typical family

members (e.g., your spouse, parents/in-laws or older siblings) in deciding how your mobile phone is

used?

SINGLE ANSWER

Very uninvolved 1



Somewhat involved 4

Very involved 5

I don’t have these family members - DO NOT READ 97

DK-DO NOT READ 99

8.3: PHONE PREVALENCE

MT3A.ASK IF MT2A_3=2. . Now I will read a list of reasons why some people do not own

smartphones. Please tell me how much do you agree or disagree that the reason applies to your

situation.

READ OUT. SINGLE ANSWER PER ROW 1 = Strongly disagree

2 = Somewhat disagree

3 = Neither disagree, nor

agree

4 = Somewhat agree

37

5 = Strongly agree

1. Smartphones are too expensive

2. I don’t need a smartphone

3. I don’t know what a smartphone is used for

4. The network here does not provide good enough service

to use a smartphone

MT6B. ASK IF MT2=1.. About how often have you had trouble charging your phone due to lack

of power?


Never 1

Sometimes 2

Often 3

Almost always 4

8.4: PHONE SHARING

MT7. ASK ONLY IF MT2=2. OTHERS SKIP TO MTS4. Do you use a mobile phone that

belongs to someone else or is shared?


Yes 1

No 2

MT9. ASK IF MT2=2. Now I will read a list of reasons why some people do not own mobile

phones. For each one that I read, please tell me how much do you agree or disagree that the

38

reason applies to your situation.


2 = Somewhat

disagree

3 = Neither disagree,

nor agree

4 = Somewhat agree

5 = Strongly agree

1.I don't have enough money to buy a mobile phone

2.I don't need to have my own mobile phone

3.I had a mobile phone, but it was lost, stolen, broken, or

stopped working

4.I am not allowed to use a phone by my spouse, parents or

other family members

5.There is no mobile phone network service where I live

6.I don't know how to use a mobile phone

8.5: SIM CARDS AND MOBILE NETWORKS

MTS4. ASK ALL. How strong or weak is this provider’s network coverage in your location?

MT12. ASK ALL. Do you have an active/working SIM card with the following providers?

39

MT15.ASK ONLY IF ALL “NO” IN MT12.. Do you use a SIM card that belongs to somebody

else?

Read out. SINGLE

ANSWER PER ROW

MTS4

1 = Very weak

2 = Somewhat weak

3 = Neither weak, nor

strong

4 = Somewhat strong

5 = Very strong

97 = No coverage here

99=DK - DO NOT READ

MT12

1=Yes

2=No

MTN

Smile Telecom

Airtel Uganda

UTL

Sure Telecom

Africell Uganda

Safaricom

K2 Telecom

Vodafone Uganda

Smart Telecom

SINGLE ANSWER

Yes 1

40

MT17. IF MT2=1 OR MT7=1.. Now I’m going to read a list of uses for mobile phones. Please tell

me when was the last time you used a mobile phone to do the following, other than today:

READ OUT. SINGLE ANSWER FOR EACH ROW

1=Yesterday 2=In the past 7 days 3=In the past 30 days 4=In the past 90 days 5=Between 90 days and 1 year 6=More than 1 year 7=Never

1.Called someone

2.Received a call from someone

3.Sent or received text messages

4.Sent/received photo messages (MMS)

5.Used/browsed the internet

6.Downloaded music, video or games

7.Made a financial transaction such as send/receive money, made a payment, or banking transaction

9.Used Facebook, WhatsApp, Twitter, Instagram or another social networking site

10.Took a color picture

11.Downloaded/used any other mobile application

MT18A. ASK All. Now I'm going to read out more activities that people do with their mobile

phones. For each one that I mention, please tell me how much ability you have to perform the

activity?

No 2

Subsection 8.6: BASIC AND ADVANCED PHONE USE AND PROFICIENCY

41

READ OUT. SINGLE ANSWER FOR EACH ROW 1 = No ability

2 = A little ability

3 = Some ability

4 = Complete ability

99=DK - DO NOT READ

1.Make and receive calls

2.Navigate the menu on the phone

3.Send and receive text messages

4.Use the internet

5. Made a financial transaction such as send/receive money,

made a payment, or banking transaction

SECTION 9:BANK ACCOUNT OWNERSHIP AND USE

FF1. ASK All. Do you personally have a bank account that is registered in your name?

SINGLE ANSWER

Yes 1

No 2

FF1A. ASK All. Do you have a bank account that is registered jointly in your name and someone

else’s name?

SINGLE ANSWER

Yes 1

No 2 SKIP TO FF3

42

FF1B. If FF1=1 OR FF1A=1. OTHERS SKIP TO FF3 How many different bank accounts do you

have registered in your name? _____________ (RECORD 99 for DK - DO NOT READ)

FF1C. ASK IF FF1=1 OR FF1A=1. OTHERS SKIP TO FF3. Which of the following types of

bank account do you have registered in your name?


PER ROW

1 = Yes

2 = No

1. Checking

2. Saving

3. Other

FF1D. If FF1=1 OR FF1A=1. OTHERS SKIP TO FF3. With which banks do you have an

account?

READ OUT. SINGLE ANSWER PER ROW 1 = Yes

2 = No

ABC bank

Bank of Africa Uganda Limited

Bank of Baroda

Bank of India

Barclays Bank of Uganda

Cairo International Bank

Centenary Bank

Citibank Uganda

Commercial Bank of Africa

DFCU Bank/Crane Bank

43

Diamond Trust Bank

Ecobank Uganda

Equity Bank Uganda Limited

Exim Bank Uganda

Finance Trust Bank

Guaranty Trust Bank

Housing Finance Bank

KCB Bank Uganda limited

NC Bank Uganda

Orient Bank

Stanbic Bank Uganda Limited

Standard Charted Uganda

Tropical Bank

United Bank for Africa

DK - Don't read

Subsection 9.1: POWER RELATIONS – BANK ACCOUNTS

FF2C_1. ASK IF FF1=1 OR FF1A=1. OTHERS SKIP TO FF3. How involved or uninvolved are

you in deciding how your bank account is used?

SINGLE ANSWER

Very uninvolved 1



44

Somewhat involved 4

Very involved 5

DK-DO NOT READ 99

FF2C_2 ASK IF FF1=1 OR FF1A=1. OTHERS SKIP TO FF3. How involved or uninvolved are

your family members (e.g., your spouse, parents/in-laws or older siblings) in deciding how your

bank account is used?

SINGLE ANSWER

Very uninvolved 1



Somewhat involved 4

Very involved 5


DK-DO NOT READ 99

Subsection 9.2: BANK NON-USE

FF3. ASK ONLY IF FF1=2 AND FF1A=2 OTHER SKIP TO FF5. I'm going to read out some

reasons why people do not register bank accounts in their name. For each one that I mention, please

tell me how much you agree or disagree that the reason applies to your situation:



45

3 = Neither disagree, nor agree

4 = Somewhat agree

5 = Strongly agree

99=DK-DO NOT READ

1.Lack of official identification or other required

documents

2.Fees and expenses for owning an account are too

high

3.Lack of money to use the account

4.Do not need one or have never thought of using one

5.No banks nearby

FF4. ASK ONLY IF FF1=2 AND FF1A=2 OTHERS SKIP TO FF5. Do you use a bank account

that belongs to somebody else if you need to?

SINGLE ANSWER

Yes 1

No 2

Subsection 9.3: FULL SERVICE

In the next set of questions I want to ask about a bank account that is registered in your name or

that belongs to somebody else but you use it. If you have more than one bank account, please

choose the one that you use the most

FF5. ASK IF FF1=1 OR FF1A=1 OR FF4=1 Others skip toMM2.

Does your bank offer at least one of the following services: savings, money transfers, insurance, or

investment? It does not matter if you use those services, I just want to know whether they are

offered.

46

SINGLE ANSWER

Yes 1

No 2

DK - DO NOT READ 99

FF6. ASK ONLY IF FF1=1 OR FF1A=1 OR FF4=1. OTHERS SKIP TO MM2. Does your bank

offer the following services? It does not matter if you use those services, I just want to know

whether they are offered.

READ OUT. SINGLE ANSWER PER ROW 1 = Yes

2 = No

99 = DK - DO NOT

READ

1. A mobile phone application or website that can be used to access the

account and make transactions

2. A debit/ATM card

3. A credit card

4. Money transfers to and from this account without using cash (e.g.,

receive salary or government benefits, direct deposit, automatic

payments or withdrawals, transfers to/from another bank/mobile

money /SACCO/cooperative)

FF9. ASK IF FF1=1 OR FF1A=1 OR FF4=1OTHERS SKIP TO MM2. When was the last time

you made a deposit or withdrawal using a bank account, or used a bank account for any other

financial activity, other than today?


Yesterday 1

In the past 7 days 2

47



Between 90 days and 1 year 5

More than one year 6

Never 7

Subsection 9.4: BASIC AND ADVANCED USE - BANKS

FF14. ASK IF FF1=1 OR FF1A=1 OR FF4=1 OTHERS SKIP TO MM2. Which of the following

activities have you ever done using a bank account?

FF16. ASK ONLY FOR ACTIVITIES MARKED IN FF14. IF NO ACTIVITY MARKED IN

MM14, SKIP TO MM2. Please tell me when was the last time you used a bank account for this

activity?

READ OUT FF14

1=Yes

2=No (

FF16

1=Yesterday

2=In the past 7 days



5=Between 90 days and 1

year

6=More than 1 year

1.Deposited or withdrew money

48

2.Bought airtime top-ups or pay mobile phone bill

3.Paid a school fee

4.Paid a bill for medical expenses, housing, rent or

utilities, such as electricity, water, solar, satellite TV

or cable TV

5.Paid a government bill, including tax, fine or fee

6.Sent money to, or received money from, family

members, friends, workmates or other

acquaintances

7.Received a welfare, pension or other benefit

payment from the government

8.Received wages for your primary or secondary job

9.Made insurance payments or received claims on

insurance

10.Took a loan or made payments on a loan

11.Saved money for any reason

12.Made an investment, including bought stock or

shares

13.Paid for goods or services at a grocery store,

clothing shop or any other store/shop

10. MOBILE MONEY AWARENESS, ACCESS, AND REGISTRATION

MM2. ASK ALL. Please tell me the names of any mobile money services that you are aware of?

MM3. ASK ONLY IF MM2=2 FOR EACH PROVIDER. IF ALL “YES” IN MM2, SKIP TO

MM4. (ASK ALL ONLY ABOUT SERVICES NOT MENTIONED IN MM2). Have you ever

heard about the following mobile money services?

49

MM2

SPONTANEOUS

RECALL DO

NOT READ

1=Yes

2=No

MM3

PROMPTED RECALL

ASK ONLY ABOUT SERVICES NOT

MENTIONED IN MM2

1=Yes

2=No

1.MTN

2.Airtel Uganda

3.UTL

4.Africell Uganda

5.Smart Telecom

6.Smile Telecom

7.Sure Telecom

8.K2 Telecom

9.Vodafone Telecom

10.Safaricom

96. Other (Specify)

MM4. ASK IF MM2=1 OR MM3=1 OTHERS SKIP TO MMP1 ASK ONLY FOR PROVIDER

MARKED IN MM2 OR MM3).. Have you ever used the following mobile money service for any

financial activity?

MM6. ASK IF MM2=1 OR MM3=1 OTHERS SKIP TO MMP1 (ASK ONLY IF PROVIDER

MARKED IN MM2 OR MM3. Do you have an account registered in your name with this mobile

money service?

50

MM7. ASK IF MM6=1. OTHERS SKIP TO MM9. (ASK ONLY FOR PROVIDER MARKED

IN MM6). For how long have you had this account?

MM8. ASK IF MM6=1 OTHER SKIP TO MM9. ASK ONLY FOR PROVIDER MARKED IN

MM6) When was the last time you conducted any financial activity using your registered account

with this provider other than today?

MM4

1=Yes

2=No

(If

ALL=

NO,

skip to

MM12)

MM6

1=Yes

2=No

MM7

1=Less than 1 month

2=More than 1 month to 6

months

3=More than 6 months to 1

year

4=More than 1 year to 2 years

5=More than 2 years to 3 years

6=More than 3 years

99=DK-DO NOT READ

MM8.

1=Yesterday




5=Between 90 days and 1

year

6=More than 1 year

7=Never

1. MTN

2.Airtel Uganda

3. UTL

4. Africell

Uganda

5. Smart Telecom

6. Smile Telecom

51

7. Sure Telecom l

8. K2 Telecom

9.Vodafone

Telecom

10.Safaricom

96.Other

(Specify)

MM9. ASK IF AT LEAST ONE PROVIDER MARKED IN MM4. OTHERS SKIP TO MM12.

For how long have you been using any mobile money services?


Less than 1 month 1

More than 1 month to 6 months 2

More than 6 months to 1 year 3

More than 1 year to 2 years 4

More than 2 year to 3 years 5

More than 3 years 6

DK-DO NOT READ 99

10.1: Mobile money use and nonuse

MM10A. ASK IF AT LEAST ONE PROVIDER MARKED IN MM4. OTHERS SKIP TO MM12

Now I'm going to read a list of problems that some people encounter when they use mobile money

services. For each one that I mention, please tell me how often you experience this problem?

READ OUT. SINGLE ANSWER PER

ROW

1=Never

2=Sometimes

52

3=Often

4=Almost always

1.Service system downtime

2.Agent system downtime

3.Difficulty operating the phone/using

menu

4.Unclear transaction charges/fees

5.Agent float/cash availability

6. Difficulty contacting customer care

7.Sending to a wrong number

8.Family/friends stealing money

MM11. ASK IF AT LEAST ONE PROVIDER MARKED IN MM4. OTHERS SKIP TO MM12.

When was the last time you …other than today?

READ OUT. 1=Yesterday




5=Between 90 days and 1 year

6=More than 1 year

7=Never

1. Gave cash to a mobile money agent to make a transfer or

transaction on your behalf

2. Used a mobile money service through the account of a family

member in this household

53

3. Used a mobile money service through the account of a family

member in another household, other relative, friend, neighbor

or business partner

4. Used a mobile money service through an ATM

MM12. ASK ONLY IF AT LEAST ONE OF MM2=1 OR MM3=1. AND ALL

CORRESPONDING MM4=2. OTHERS SKIP TO MM13. (AWARE NONUSER) I'm going to

read a list of reasons for why people may decide to not use mobile money services. Please tell me

how much you agree or disagree with each reason.

READ OUT. . SINGLE ANSWER PER ROW 1 = Strongly disagree



agree

4 = Somewhat agree

5 = Strongly agree

1.I do not know what mobile money is used for

2.I do not need to use mobile money

3.I do not have the required identification documents to use

mobile money

4.I do not have enough money to make any transactions with

mobile money

5.I do not trust mobile money

6.I am worried that my money would be stolen

7.I prefer to use cash

MM13. ASK IF AT LEAST ONE PROVIDER AT MM4 AND ALL CORRESPONDING

MM6=2. OTHERS GO TO MM14. (OTC USER).. I'm going to read some reasons for why

individuals may decide not to register a mobile money account even though they use mobile money

services. For each one that I read, please tell me how much you agree or disagree with this reason:

READ OUT.SINGLE ANSWER PER ROW 1 = Strongly disagree


54


agree

4 = Somewhat agree

5 = Strongly agree

1.A friend or family member already has an account that I can use

2.I do not have the required identification documents

3.I do not use products and services that require a registered

account

MM14 ASK IF AT LEAST ONE PROVIDER MARKED IN MM4. OTHERS SKIP TO

MM18AI'm going to read some reasons for why some people start using mobile money. For each

one that I read, please tell me how much you agree or disagree that this reason applies to your

decision to start using mobile money?

READ OUT.SINGLE ANSWER PER ROW 1 = Strongly disagree


3 = Neither disagree, nor agree

4 = Somewhat agree

5 = Strongly agree

1.I had to send or receive money

2.I wanted to save money

2A.I wanted a secure place to store money

3.I was registered for a mobile money account by another

individual or organization

4.I wanted to take a loan

5.I wanted to make a purchase

6.I wanted to make an investment

7.I wanted to pay a bill

8.I got an incentive from the mobile money service during a

promotion

55

MM14A. ASK IF AT LEAST ONE PROVIDER MARKED IN MM4. OTHERS SKIP TO

MM18A. Now I'm going to read a list of reasons why people might choose to use mobile money

instead of other financial services such as banks, cooperatives, or microfinance institutions. Please

tell me how much you agree or disagree with each reason to use mobile money instead of an

alternative.

READ OUT.SINGLE ANSWER PER

ROW

1 = Strongly disagree



agree

4 = Somewhat agree

5 = Strongly agree

1.Mobile money is more accessible than

other financial services

2.Mobile money is cheaper to use than

other financial services

3.Mobile money is more secure than other

financial services

4.Mobile money meets my needs better

than other financial services

5.I trust mobile money more than other

financial services

6.Mobile money is easier to use than other

financial services

10.2: MOBILE MONEY BASIC AND ADVANCED USE

MM15. ASK IF AT LEAST ONE PROVIDER MARKED IN MM4. OTHERS SKIP TO

MM18A. Please tell me whether or not you have ever used a mobile money account to do the

following activities:

56

MM17. ASK IF MM15 =1. IF NO ACTIVITIES MARKED IN MM15, SKIP TO MM17A. When

was the last time you used mobile money for this activity other than today?

READ OUT MMM15.

1=Yes

2=No

MM17

1=Yesterday





6=More than 1 year

7=Never

1.Deposited or withdrew money

2.Bought airtime top-ups, pay mobile phone bill

3.Paid a school fee

4.Paid a bill for medical expenses, housing, rent or

utilities, such as electricity, water, solar, satellite TV

or cable TV

5.Paid a government bill, including tax, fine or fee

6.Sent money to, or received money from, family

members, friends, workmates or other

acquaintances

7.Received a welfare, pension or other benefit

payment from the government

8.Received wages for your primary or secondary

job

9.Made insurance payments or received claims on

insurance

10.Took a loan or made payments on a loan

11.Saved money for any reason

57

12.Made an investment, including bought stock or

shares

13.Paid for goods or services at a grocery store,

clothing shop or any other store/shop

MM17A. ASK ONLY IF MM15.10=1(Took a loan or made payments on a loan). OTHERS GO

TO MM18. Do you currently have a loan through your mobile money account?


Yes 1

No 2

Subsection 10.3: MOBILE MONEY ECOSYSTEM

MM18. ASK ONLY IF MM15_6=1. OTHERS GO TO MM18A. In the past 12 months,

approximately how many different people did you …….?).

CODE TO FIT. SINGLE ANSWER PER ROW 1 = 1 or 2 people

2 = 3 to 5 people

3 = 6 to 10 people

4 = more than 10

people

5 = None

99 = DK - DO NOT

READ

1. Send money to

2. Receive money from

58

MM18A. ASK AT LEAST ONE PROVIDER MARKED IN MM2 OR MM3. OTHERS SKIP TO

MMP1.Thinking about the places where you usually shop, about how many merchants accept

mobile money?


None 1

A few 2

Some 3

Most 4

Almost all 5

MM23. ASK IF AT LEAST ONE OF PROVIDER MARKED IN MM6, OTHERS SKIP TO

MM25. On average, for how many days do you keep money on a mobile money account before you

withdraw or transfer or spend it? ________________ (RECORD -2 for DK-DO NOT READ).

MM25. ASK IF MM4=1, OTHERS SKIP TO MM29A. I am going to read some statements

regarding the cost of mobile money. Please tell me how much you agree or disagree with the

following statements:




agree

4 = Somewhat agree

5 = Strongly agree

1. The cost of mobile money transfers changes often.

2. The cost of using mobile money agents is higher now than it

was in the past.

3. The costs associated with using mobile money change

without warning.

59

4. Considering current costs, I may not be able to afford to

continue using mobile money.

5. The cost of mobile money is fair for the convenience that it

provides.

MM29A. ASK IF AT LEAST ONE OF PROVIDER MARKED IN MM6, OTHERS SKIP TO

MM31. How many people know the PIN number to your account or otherwise have access to your

account? ________________ (RECORD 99 for DK- DO NOT READ).

MM30. ASK IF AT LEAST ONE OF PROVIDER MARKED IN MM6, OTHERS SKIP TO

MM31. About how often do the following people make transactions on your behalf using the

mobile money account registered in your name?

SINGLE ANSWER 1=Never

2=Sometimes

3=Often

4=Almost always

1.Relatives

2.Friends

3.Mobile money agents

Subsection 10.4: POWER RELATIONS – MOBILE MONEY

MM31_1. ASK IF AT LEAST ONE OF PROVIDER MARKED IN MM4 OTHERS SKIP TO

MMP1. How involved or uninvolved are you in deciding how your mobile money service is used?

SINGLE ANSWER

Very uninvolved 1


60


Somewhat involved 4

Very involved 5

DK- DO NOT READ 99

MM31_2. ASK IF AT LEAST ONE OF PROVIDER MARKED IN MM4 ,OTHERS SKIP TO

MMP1. How involved or uninvolved your typical family member (e.g., your spouse, parents/in-laws

or older siblings) is your spouse in deciding how your mobile money service is used

SINGLE ANSWER

Very uninvolved 1



Somewhat involved 4

Very involved 5


DK- DO NOT READ 99

MM32. ASK IF AT LEAST ONE PROVIDER SELECTED IN MM4. OTHERS SKIP TO

MMP1. Now I'm going to read a list of actions that people take when using mobile money. For each

one that I read, please tell me how easy or difficult is it for you to perform the action without

assistance from anyone?

Subsection10.5: MOBILE MONEY PROFICIENCY

61

READ OUT. 1 = Very difficult

2 = Somewhat difficult

3 = Neither difficult, nor easy

4 = Somewhat easy

5 = Very easy

1.Open a mobile money menu

2.Find a particular menu option (e.g., an option for

a money transfer)

3.Initiate a transaction

4.Complete a transaction

6.Correct an error in the amount or phone number

for a transaction recipient

7.Reverse or cancel a transaction

MA1. ASK ONLY IF AT LEAST ONE PROVIDER MARKED IN MM4. OTHERS SKIP TO

MMP1. I am going to read some statements about mobile money services. For each one that I read,

please tell me how much you agree or disagree:




agree

4 = Somewhat agree

5 = Strongly agree

10.6: MOBILE MONEY AGENT AND PROVIDER EXPERIENCE

62

1.My mobile money provider is able to keep my money safe

and secure

2.My transactions are usually completed without any problem

3.When I need to access my money, I am usually able to do so

without any problem

4.When I use mobile money services with a merchant, the

merchant is usually able to accept my payment without any

problem

5.I am comfortable using mobile money to make digital

payments to merchants

6.I am, or would be, comfortable receiving my salary in a

mobile money account

7.I am comfortable making deposits and withdrawals in cash

using mobile money

8.It is easier for me to save in a mobile money account rather

than in cash

MA2. ASK ONLY IF AT LEAST ONE PROVIDER MARKED IN MM4. OTHERS SKIP TO

MMP1. How often have you experienced any of the following issues with a mobile money agent?

READ OUT SINGLE ANSWER PER ROW 1=Never

2=Once or twice

3=Sometimes

4=Often

5=Almost always

1.Agent was absent

2.Agent provided poor service

3.Agent did not have enough cash or e-float and could not perform the

transaction

5.Agent did not know how to perform the transaction

6.Agent overcharged for the transaction

63

7.Agent did not give all the cash that was owed

8.Agent system or mobile network was down

13.Agent was dismissive of women

15.Agent’s place was not secure/there were suspicious people at agent’s

place

16.Agent shared your personal/account information with other people

without your knowledge/permission

MMP1. ASK ALL. Have you used any of the following products for any financial activity?

MMP2. ASK ONLY FOR THE OPTIONS MARKED :”YES”IN MMP1. OTHERS SKIP TO

IFI1. When was the last time you used this mobile money product other than today?

MMP1

1=Yes

2=No

MMP2

1=Yesterday





6=More than 1 year

1.M-Kopa

2.Mokash

Subsection 10.7: USE OF MOBILE MONEY PRODUCTS

64

3. Pay School Fees merchants/ buy

goods

4.Life care

5. Ready Pay Solar

6. BIMA savings

7. Wewole

8. Other (specify)

SECTION 11: NONBANK FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS

IFI1. ASK ALL. Have you ever used any of the following for any financial activity?

IFI2. ASK ONLY FOR OPTIONS MARKED “YES” IN IFI1.. When was the last time you used

this financial service for any financial activity, other than today?

IFI3.ASK ALL. Do you have an account/membership in your name with any of the following?

IFI4. ASK ONLY FOR OPTIONS MARKED “YES” IN IFI3. When was the last time you used

the account/membership that is in your name for this service, other than today?

IFI1

SINGLE

ANSWE

R

IFI2.

SINGLE

ANSWER

1 Yesterday

2=In the past 7

days

3=In the past 30

IFI3

SINGLE

ANSWER

1=Yes

2=No

IFI4.

SINGLE

ANSWER

1 Yesterday

2=In the past 7

65

1=Yes

(Ask

IFI2)

2=No

(SKIP

TO IFI3)

days

4=In the past 90

days

5=Between 90

days and 1 year

6=More than 1

year

days

3=In the past 30

days

4=In the past 90

days

5=Between 90

days and 1 year

6=More than 1

year

7=Never

1.Microfinance institution

(MFI) (organization which

mostly lends to members

in a group) or Micro

finance deposit taking

institutions(MDIs) – e.g.,

FINCA, PRIDE

2.Cooperative – e.g.,

Bugishu, UNATO

3.SACCO a member-

based organization – e.g.,

Wazalendo, Letshego

4.Post Office Bank

5.Mery-go-round or

another informal saving

network

6.A money guard/

someone in the workplace

or neighborhood who

collects and keeps savings

deposits on a regular basis

7.Savings collectors

66

8.A digital card, a recharge

card that is not attached to

a bank or MFI account

9.Other financial service

Subsection 11.1: NBFI ACCOUNT CLOSURE

IFI3A ASK ONLY FOR OPTIONS MARKED “YES” IN IFI1. Have you ever had an account

with the following that you have since stopped using or closed?

READ OUT. SINGLE ASNWER

PER ROW

1 = Yes

2 = No

1. Microfinance institution (MFI) or

Micro finance deposit taking

institutions(MDIs)

2.Cooperative

3.SACCO

4.Post Office Bank

IFI3B. ASK IF IFI3A.1=1 Now I'm going to read a list of reasons why people might close their

account with a . Microfinance institution (MFI) or Micro finance deposit taking

institutions(MDIs)./. For each one that I mention, please tell me how much you agree or disagree

that this reason applies to your decision to close your account

IFI3C. ASK IF IFI3A.2=1. Now I'm going to read a list of reasons why people might close their

account with a cooperative. For each one that I mention, please tell me how much you agree or

disagree that this reason applies to your decision to close your account

67

IFI3D. ASK IF IFI3A.3=1.Now I'm going to read a list of reasons why people might close their

account with a SACCO. For each one that I mention, please tell me how much you agree or disagree

that this reason applies to your decision to close your account:

IFI3E. ASK IF IFI3A.4=1. Now I'm going to read a list of reasons why people might close their

account with the Post Office Bank. For each one that I mention, please tell me how much you agree

or disagree that this reason applies to your decision to close your account:

IFI3B

1 = Strongly

disagree

2 = Somewhat

disagree

3 = Neither

disagree, nor agree

4 = Somewhat

agree

5 = Strongly agree

IFI3C

1 = Strongly

disagree

2 = Somewhat

disagree

3 = Neither

disagree, nor agree

4 = Somewhat

agree

5 = Strongly agree

IFI3D

1 = Strongly

disagree

2 =

Somewhat

disagree

3 = Neither

disagree, nor

agree

4 =

Somewhat

agree

5 = Strongly

agree

IFI3E

1 =

Strongly

disagree

2 =

Somewhat

disagree

3 = Neither

disagree,

nor agree

4 =

Somewhat

agree

5 =

Strongly

agree

1.The products or

services offered no

longer met my needs

2.Improvement in my

circumstances took away

the need I had for the

products or services

offered

3.A change in my status

made me ineligible for


68

4.The institution no

longer serves customers

like me

5.It became more

difficult to travel to the

point of service

6.Other financial

institutions or service

providers offer better


SUB-SECTION 11.2: FULL SERVICE AND DIGITAL NBFI ACCOUNTS

IFI5. ASK IF IFI1=1 OR IFI3=1 OTHERS SKIP TO IFI14 (ASK ONLY FOR INSTITUTION

MARKED IN IFI1 OR IFI3). Does your institution offer at least one of the following services?

Savings, money transfers, insurance or investments? It does not matter if you use those services, I

just want to know if they are available to you.

SINGLE ANSWER PER ROW 1 = Yes

2 = No

99 = DK - DO NOT

READ

1. Microfinance institution (MFI) or Micro finance deposit

taking institutions(MDIs)

2. Cooperative

3. SACCO

4. Post Office Bank

69

IFI6. ASK IF Microfinance institution (MFI) or Micro finance deposit taking institutions(MDIs)

MARKED AS “YES” IN IFI1 OR IFI3. OTHERS SKIP TO IFI7. (IFI1.1=1 OR IFI3.1=1). Does

your Microfinance institution (MFI) or Micro finance deposit taking institutions(MDIs) offer the

following services? It does not matter if you use those services, I just want to know whether they are

offered.


2 = No

99 = DK - DO NOT

READ

A mobile phone application or website that can be used to access the


A debit/ATM card

A credit card

Money transfers to and from this account without using cash (e.g.,




IFI7. ASK IF Cooperative MARKED AS “YES” IN IFI1 OR IFI3. OTHERS SKIP TO IFI8.

(IFI1.2=1 OR IFI3.2=1). Does your Cooperative offer the following services? It does not matter if

you use those services, I just want to know whether they are offered.


2 = No

99 = DK - DO NOT

READ



A debit/ATM card

A credit card

70





IFI8. ASK IF SACCO MARKED AS “YES” IN IFI1 OR IFI3. OTHERS SKIP TO IFI9.

(IFI1.3=1 OR IFI3.3=1). Does your SACCO offer the following services? It does not matter if you

use those services, I just want to know whether they are offered.


2 = No

99 = DK - DO NOT

READ



A debit/ATM card

A credit card





IFI9. ASK IF Post Office Bank MARKED AS “YES” IN IFI1 OR IFI3. OTHER SKIP TO IFI10.

(IFI1.4=1 OR IFI3.4=1). Does your Post Office Bank offer the following services? It does not

matter if you use those services, I just want to know whether they are offered.


2 = No

99 = DK - DO NOT

READ



71

A debit/ATM card

A credit card





IFI10. ASK IF IFI1_1=1 others skip to IFI11. When was the last time you used your MFI/MDI

account to do any of the following activities other than today?

IFI11. ASK IF IFI1_2=1 others skip to IFI12. When was the last time you used your Cooperative


IFI12. ASK IF IFI1_3=1 others skip to IFI13. When was the last time you used your SACCO


IFI13. ASK IF IFI1_4=1 others skip to IFI14. When was the last time you used your Post Office

Bank account to do any of the following activities other than today?

READ OUT IFI10

1=Yesterday

2=In the past 7

days

3=In the past 30

days

4=In the past 90

days

5=Between 90

days and 1 year

6=More than 1

year

IFI11

1=Yesterday

2=In the past 7

days

3=In the past 30

days

4=In the past 90

days

5=Between 90

days and 1 year

6=More than 1

year

IFI12

1=Yesterday

2=In the past

7 days

3=In the past

30 days

4=In the past

90 days

5=Between

90 days and 1

year

IFI13

1=Yesterda

y

2=In the

past 7 days

3=In the

past 30 days

4=In the

past 90 days

5=Between

90 days and

1 year

Subsection 11.3: BASIC AND ADVANCED NBFI USE

72

7=Never 7=Never 6=More than

1 year

7=Never

6=More

than 1 year

7=Never

1. Deposited or withdrew money

2.Sent or received money from

family, friends, colleagues

3. Paid bills, utilities, rent, taxes

4.Received wages, pension

payments, or government

assistance payments

5.Made insurance payments or

received claims on insurance

6. Took a loan or made payments

on a loan

7. Saved money for any reason

8. Made an investment, including

bought stock or shares

IFI14. ASK ALL. How close are the following to where you live?

IFI15. ASK ALL. If you had to go to this institution, how much time would it take you?

SECTION 12: PROXIMITY TO FINANCIAL POINT OF SERVICE

73

READ OUT. SINGLE ANSWER. IFI14

1=Less than 0.5 km

2=Between 0.5 km and 1 km

3=Between 1 km and 5 km

4=More than 5 km

99=DK-DO NOT READ

IFI15

1=15 minutes or less

2=More than 15 to 30

minutes

3=More than 30 minutes to

an hour

4=More than an hour to 2

hours

5=More than 2 hours to 4

hours

6=More than 4 hours

99=DK-DO NOT READ

1.Bank branch

2.ATM

3.Mobile money agent

4.Banking agent

5.Retail store/kiosk with over-the-

counter mobile money services

6.MFI/MDI

7.SACCO

8.Semi-formal/informal financial or

savings group

9. Cooperative

SECTION 13: INFORMAL FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS

74

IFI18. ASK ALL. How many informal societies or group saving schemes do you personally belong

to? ___________ groups (RECORD 99 for DK- DO NOT READ). IF ANSWER IS 0, SKIP TO

IFI24

IFI20. ASK IF IFI18>0. OTHERS SKIP TO IFI24. Do you receive the following services through

any of the informal societies or group saving schemes that you personally belong to?

READ OUT. SINGLE ANSWER PER ROW. 1=Yes

2=No

1.Welfare/clan group – we help each other out for things like funerals

2.We receive loan/credit

3.We collect money and give to each member a lump sum (pot) or gift in turn

4.We save and lend money to members and/or non-members to be repaid with

interest

5.We periodically distribute all monies held by the group to its members

6.We save together and put the money in an account

7.We make other kinds of investments as a group (e.g., property, business)

8.We invest in the stock market as a group

IFI21. ASK IF IFI18>0. OTHERS SKIP TO IFI24. Now I’m going to read a list of reasons why

some people join informal societies or group saving schemes. For each one that I mention, please

tell me how important or unimportant this reason is for your decision to join?

DO NOT READ. CODE TO FIT. SINGLE ANSWER 1 = Very unimportant

2 = Somewhat unimportant

3 = Neither important nor

unimportant

4 = Somewhat important

5 = Very important

75

1.To have a lump sum to use when it is your turn

2.To help when there is a death in the family or any other

emergency

3.To have access to loans or credit when needed

4.Easier to use or more accessible than other financial service

providers

IFI23.1. ASK IF IFI18>0. OTHERS SKIP TO IFI24. Do any of your savings and loans groups

have a bank account?

SINGLE ANSWER

Yes 1

No 2

IFI23.2. ASK IF IFI18>0. OTHERS SKIP TO IFI24. Are any of your savings and loans groups

linked to a mobile money account?

SINGLE ANSWER

Yes 1

No 2

IFI24. ASK IF IFI18=0. OTHERS SKIP TO GN1. Now I’m going to read a list of reasons why

some people do not join informal societies or group saving schemes. For each one that I mention,

please tell me how important or unimportant this reason is for your decision not to join?

READ OUT. SINGLE ANSWER PER ROW 1 = Very unimportant

2 = Somewhat

76

unimportant

3 = Neither important

nor unimportant

4 = Somewhat important

5 = Very important

1.Don’t have any money left for savings

2.Don’t know about them

3.Don’t trust them/people steal your money

4.Don't need any service from them/their services are better served

by other financial service providers

SECTION 14: GENDER AND FINANCES

GN1. ASK ALL. In your best estimate, about how much of your household’s income do you

provide each month?

READ OUT. SINGLE ANSWER GN1

None 1

A little 2

About half 3

Most 4

Almost all 5

Refused – DO NOT READ 98

DK – DO NOT READ 99

77

GN2. ASK ALL. About how involved or uninvolved are you typically in deciding?

READ OUT. SINGLE ANSWER 1 = Very uninvolved

2 = Somewhat uninvolved

3 = Neither uninvolved, nor

involved

4 = Somewhat involved

5 = Very involved

98 = Refused – DO NOT READ

99 = DK – DO NOT READ

1.How to spend your household’s income

2.How your household’s income is spent on basic needs like

food and clothing

3.How your household’s income is spent on other things

beyond basic needs

GN3.1. ASK ALL. If you were to speak your mind on a decision regarding how to spend your

household’s income, about how much influence do you think you would have on the final decision?


None 1

A little 2

A fair amount 3

Most 4

Almost all 5


DK- DO NOT READ 99

78

GN3.2 ASK ALL. If your spouse was to speak his/her mind on a decision regarding how to

spend your household’s income, about how much influence do you think your spouse would have

on the final decision?


None 1

A little 2

A fair amount 3

Most 4

Almost all 5

No spouse-DO NOT READ 97


DK- DO NOT READ 99

GN3.3 ASK ALL. If your parents or in-laws were to speak their mind on a decision regarding how

to spend your household’s income, about how much influence do you think your parents or in-laws

would have on the final decision?


None 1

A little 2

A fair amount 3

Most 4

Almost all 5

No parents/In-laws-DO NOT READ 97


DK- DO NOT READ 99

79

GN4. ASK ALL. If you happened to disagree with a decision about how your household’s income

is spent, how likely would you be to voice disagreement?

GN5. ASK ALL If you said you disagree with a decision on how the income in your household is

spent, please tell me, do you think there would be a change in how this income is spent? Please use a

scale of 1 to 5 where 1 means ‘very unlikely to change’ and 5 means ‘very likely to change.'

READ OUT. SINGLE ANSWER GN4 GN5

Very unlikely to change 1 1

Somewhat unlikely to change 2 2

Neither unlikely, nor likely to change 3 3

Somewhat likely to change 4 4

Very likely to change 5 5

Refused – DO NOT READ 98 98

DK- DO NOT READ 99 99

GN6. ASK ALL. To what extent do you typically agree or disagree with the final decisions about

how your household’s income is usually spent?


Strongly disagree 1

Somewhat disagree 2

Neither disagree, nor agree 3

Somewhat agree 4

Strongly agree 5



80

GN7.1. ASK ALL. To what extent do you agree or disagree with the following statements regarding

the money you personally earn or receive?

You make the final decision on how your money is spent or saved

GN7.2. ASK ALL. To what extent do you agree or disagree with the following statements regarding

the money you personally earn or receive?

Family members make final decisions about how your money is spent or saved.

GN7.3. ASK ALL. To what extent do you agree or disagree with this statement about the money

you personally earn or receive?

I am concerned about family members interfering with how I use my money

READ OUT. SINGLE ANSWER GN7.1 GN7.2 GN7.3

Strongly disagree 1 1 1

Somewhat disagree 2 2 2

Neither disagree, nor agree 3 3 3

Somewhat agree 4 4 4

Strongly agree 5 5 5

I don’t have family members - DO NOT READ 97 97

Refused – DO NOT READ 98 98 98

DK – DO NOT READ 99 99 99

GN9. 1. ASK ALL. How involved are you in deciding what kind of financial services you use?

GN9.2. ASK ALL. How involved are your family member (e.g., your spouse, parents/in-laws or

older siblings) in deciding what kind of financial services you use?

81

READ OUT. SINGLE ANSWER GN9.1 GN9.2

Very uninvolved 1 1

Somewhat uninvolved 2 2

Neither uninvolved, nor involved 3 3

Somewhat involved 4 4

Very involved 5 5

I don’t have these family members - DO NOT

READ

97

Refused- DO NOT READ 98 98

DK DO NOT READ 99 99

GN10. ASK ALL. To what extent do you agree with this statement related to financial service

providers. I am concerned that financial service providers may share my personal

information with others without my consent


Strongly disagree 1

Somewhat disagree 2


Somewhat agree 4

Strongly agree 5

NA 97

Refused DO NOT READ 98

DK- DO NOT READ 99

SECTION 15: FINANCIAL HEALTH

82

FL1. ASK ALL. How often do you make a plan for how to spend your income, whether it is earned

through a job, received from the government or from other people?

FL2. ASK IF ANSWERS 2-4 IN FL1.. When you make a plan for how to spend your income, how

often do you follow the plan?

READ OUT. SINGLE ANSWER FL1 FL2

Never (GO TO FL6) 1 1

Sometimes 2 2

Often 3 3

Almost always 4 4

FL6. ASK ALL. About how much do you agree or disagree with the following statements when

considering your personal financial situation?

READ OUT. SINGLE ANSWER PER ROW 1=Strongly disagree

2=Somewhat disagree

3=Neither disagree nor

disagree

4= Somewhat agree

5=Strongly agree

1 I have enough money to pay for my living expenses

2. I spend less money than I make each month

3. I pay my bills on time and in full

4 I have an emergency fund that is large enough to cover unplanned

expenses

83

5. I am confident that my income will grow in the future

6.I earn enough money to pay back debt and also pay for my living

expenses

7. Friends and family rely on me to help with their finances

8.I have savings or assets that will keep me financially secure in the

future

9. I have the skills and knowledge to manage my finances well

FL11. ASK ALL. If you had an emergency and urgently needed to pay a sum equal to one year of

your income, how likely is it that you could gather sufficient funds?


Very unlikely 1

Somewhat unlikely 2

Somewhat unlikely nor likely 3

Somewhat likely 4

Very likely 5

DK-DO NOT READ 99

SECTION 16: FINANCIAL LITERACY

FL 12. ASK ALL. Imagine you have 30000 UGX. Somebody gave you 2000 UGX. How much total

money will you have?

SINGLE ANSWER.

84

32000 UGX 1

Any other answer 2

DK- DO NOT READ 99

FL13. ASK ALL. Imagine you have 3000 UGX and you have to divide it among 5 people. How

much money will each person receive if you divide it equally?

SINGLE ANSWER.

600 UGX 1

Any other answer 2

DK- DO NOT READ 99

FL 14. ASK ALL. Is it safer to put your money into one business or investment, or to put your

money into multiple businesses or investments?

SINGLE ANSWER.

One business or investment 1

Multiple businesses or investments 2

DK- DO NOT READ 99

FL 15. ASK ALL. Suppose over the next 10 years the prices of the things you buy double. If your

income also doubles, will you be able to buy less than you can buy today, the same as you can buy

today, or more than you can buy today?

SINGLE ANSWER.

Less 1

85

The same 2

More 3

DK- DO NOT READ 99

FL 16. ASK ALL. Suppose you need to borrow 3000 UGX. Which is the lower amount to pay

back: 3500 UGX or 3000 UGX plus 3 percent?

SINGLE ANSWER.

3500 UGX 1

3000 UGX plus 3 percent 2

DK- DO NOT READ 99

FL 17. ASK ALL. Suppose you put money in the bank for two years and the bank agrees to add 15

percent per year to your account. Will the bank add more money to your account the second year

than it did the first year, or will it add the same amount of money both years?

SINGLE ANSWER.

The same 1

More 2

DK- DO NOT READ 99

FL 18. ASK ALL. Suppose you had 3000 UGX. in a savings account and the bank adds 10 percent

per year to the account. How much money would you have in the account after five years if you did

not remove any money from the account?

SINGLE ANSWER.

86

Exactly 3300 UGX 1

More than 3300 UGX 2

Less than 3300 UGX 3


SECTION 17: BORROWING

FB13A. ASK ALL. About how many times have you ever borrowed money, from outside your

household?

SINGLE ANSWER

Never 1

1 or 2 times 2

3 to 10 times 3

More than 10 times 4

DK - DO NOT READ 99

FB13. ASK IF FB13A>1 OTHERS SKIP TO FB16X. How many times in the past 12 months have

you borrowed money from outside your household?

SINGLE ANSWER.

Never 1

1 or 2 times 2

3 to 10 times 3

more than 10 times 4

DK - DO NOT READ 5

87

FB16A. ASK IF FB13A>1 Do you currently have a loan with this organization?

FB17. ASK FOR ALL INSTITUTIONS SELECTED IN FB16A. IF NO INSTITUTIONS

MARKED IN FB16A SKIP TO FB18. What interest rate do you pay on your loan(s) from the

following?

READ OUT FB16A

1=Yes

2=No

FB17

%

99=DK - DO NOT

READ

1.Bank, personal or business loans

2.Mobile money account

3.MFI or MDI

4.SACCO

5. Cooperative

96.Loan from any other institution or

financial service provider (specify)

FB18.ASK IF FB13A>1 OTHERS SKIP TO FB16X. About how much do you agree or disagree

with the following statement - when you repay your loans, you repay in full before the deadline.


Strongly disagree 1

Somewhat disagree 2


Somewhat agree 4

Strongly agree 5

88

FB19. ASK IF FB13A>1 OTHERS SKIP TO FB16X. Now I’m going to read a list of reasons why

some people borrow money. For each one that I read, please tell me whether or not you borrowed

in the past 12 months for this purpose?

READ OUT. SINGLE ANSWER 1=Yes

2=No

1.To pay for emergency expenses (e.g., medical bills)

2. To pay for daily expenses (e.g., food, transportation, etc.)

3.To invest in a business

4.To invest in home construction

SECTION 18: MOBILE CREDIT

FB16X. ASK ALL. Have you ever taken a loan through your mobile phone, regardless of which

financial service provider/institution they came from?

SINGLE ANSWER

Yes 1

No 2

CM1. ASK If FB16X=1 OTHERS SKIP TO FB22X. Now I'm going to ask some questions about

loans you may have taken using your mobile phone. For each of the following services, please tell

me which category best describes your relationship with the service

89

CM2. ASK If CM1=1 or CM1=2, OTHERS SKIP TO CM5. How many loans have you ever taken

through this service?

CM3. ASK If CM1=1 or CM1=2, To your best estimate, what your current total outstanding

balance with this service in shilling?

CM4. ASK If CM1=1 or CM1=2, OTHERS SKIP TO CM5. What interest rate was paid?

CM5. ASK If FB16X=1 OTHERS SKIP TO FB22X. Have you ever taken a loan through your

phone from a different lender or service that I haven't mentioned?

SINGLE ANSWER

Yes 1

No 2

CM6. ASK If FB16X=1 OTHERS SKIP TO FB22X. In which of the following ways have you used

loans you took from your mobile phone

CM1

1 = Currently have a loan

with this service

2 = Had a loan in the past

with this service but not

currently

3 = Never had a loan with

this service

CM2

NUMBER

OF LOANS

99=DK DO

NOT

READ

CM3

LOAN

AMOUNT

UGX

99=DK DO

NOT READ

CM4

%INTEREST

99=DK DO

NOT READ

1.MoKash

2. Wewole

90


2=No

1.Just to try it out

2.To purchase airtime

3.For meeting day-to-day ordinary household needs (e.g. food, transportation)

4.For betting, including betting on your phone

5.To pay a utility bill, such as electricity or water

6.To pay rent

7.For medical needs including medical emergency

8.For other emergencies such as fire, flood

9.For personal things (clothes, shoes, travel)

10.To buy household goods (TV, refrigerator)

11.To pay school or university fees or other school costs such as uniforms or

books

12.For business purposes, such as investment or payroll

13.To pay off another loan you took from your phone

14. To pay off another loan you took somewhere other than your phone

(microfinance, bank, SACCO, etc.)

15. To lend to others (family, friends, etc.)

16.For a large purchases, such as a car, motorcycle, land or house

CM7. ASK If FB16X=1 OTHERS SKIP TO FB22X. Which of the following would you consider

to be an advantage of taking a loan using your phone?


2=No

91

1.Fees

2.Interest rate

3.Speed of getting the loan

4.Convenience

5.Trust in provider

6.Size of loan

7.Privacy of loans

8.Repayment plan

CM8. ASK If FB16X=1 OTHERS SKIP TO FB22X .Have you experienced any of the following

with a loan you've taken from your phone?


2=No

1.Charged fees I didn't expect

2.I didn't understand the costs or fees

3.Unexpected withdrawal from savings account or mobile money

wallet

4.Repayment period is too short

5.Didn't have money to repay on time

6.Didn't have money to repay at all

7.Defaulted on loan

8.Felt my information was not kept safe/private

9.Reported to credit bureau

10.Collection actions by lender

92

11.Needed to contact customer care and couldn't figure out how

12.Couldn't access account when I needed to, or network was down

13.Had difficulties navigating the menu or screen

14.Cost is too high

CM9. ASK If FB16X=1 OTHERS SKIP TO FB22X .Have you ever done any of the following in

order to pay back a loan that you took from your phone?


2=No

99=DK - DO NOT READ

1.Borrowed money to repay the loan

2.Used savings

3.Sold assets or belongings

4.Reduced food purchases

5.Skipped paying school fees

6.Forwent medical treatment

CM10. ASK If FB16X=1 OTHERS SKIP TO FB22X .Have you ever been late in repaying a loan

that you took from your phone?

SINGLE ANSWER

Yes 1

No 2


93

CM11. ASK IF CM10=1 OTHERS SKIP TO FB22X. Have you experienced any of the following

negative outcomes from being late in repaying a loan that you took through your phone?

READ OUT. SINGLE ANSWER 1=Yes

2=No

99=DK-DO NOT READ

1.An extra fee or a rollover fee

2.Reduction in future loan limit after repaying

3.Blacklisted at the credit bureau

4.Denied access to future loan with the same lender

5.Denied access to future loan with a different lender

6.Naming and shaming on lender's website

7.Legal prosecution

8.Confiscation of property, fines, or other legal penalties

CM12. ASK IF CM10=1 OTHERS SKIP TO FB22X. What is the MAIN reason for not repaying

your loan that you took through your phone, on time?

DO NOT READ ANSWER CHOICES. CODE TO

FIT. SIGNLE CHOICE.

Did not plan well enough 1

Poor business performance 2

All of my money went to basic needs such as food or

utility bills

3

My money went to school fees or expenses instead 4

had to pay off other loans 5

94

Lost my job/source of income 6

Payment was more than I expected 7

Unexpected medical expense or medical emergency 8

Unexpected non-medical expense or emergency 9

Lent money to someone else and they haven't repaid me 10

No particular reason, I just chose not to 11

Other 96

SECTION 19: SAVING

FB22X. ASK ALL. Have you ever saved money through your mobile phone, regardless of which

financial service provider/institution they came from?

SINGLE ANSWER

Yes 1

No 2

FB22. ASK ALL EXCEPT FIRST FOUR INSTITUTIONS. Do you save with any of the

following?

95

READ OUT. 1=Yes

2=No

1.Bank (ASK IF FF1=1 OR FF1A=1 OR FF4=1)

2..Mobile money account or mobile money product (ASK IF ANY MM4=1)

3.Savings account at a SACCO, a member-based organization (e.g or workplace co-op)

(ASK IF IFI1_3=1)

4.Savings at a MFI/MDI (organization which mostly lends to

members in a group) (ASK IF IFI1_1=1)

5..Savings with an ASCA/VSLA, (a group that lends to its members or to other people

with interest)

6.Savings with a ROSCA/ merry-go-round (a group that collects money from each

member and gives it to one person in turn)

7.Savings through buying something (agricultural inputs, livestock, other property)

8.Digital/recharge card

9. Other people (e.g., family, friends, neighbors, shopkeepers, money guards, etc.)

10.In a safe place at home or on yourself in cash

11.In-kind assets, such as gold

MS1. ASK If FB22X=1 OTHERS SKIP TO FB23. Now I'm going to ask some questions about

savings using your mobile phone. For each of the following services, please tell me which category

best describes your relationship with the service

1 = Currently have savings with this service

2 = Had savings with this service the past but not

currently

3 = Never had savings with this service

1.MoKash

2 Wewole

96

FB23. IF FB22=1 Others skip to FB27. What interest rate do you earn on your savings from…?

READ OUT.

%interest

99=DK-

DO NOT

READ

1.Bank

2.Mobile money account or mobile money product

3.Savings account at a SACCO, a member-based organization (e.g., or workplace co-

op)

4.Savings at a MFI/MDI (organization which mostly lends to

members in a group)

5.Savings with an ASCA/VSLA, (a group that lends to its members or to other people

with interest)

6.Savings with a ROSCA/ Niigina merry-go-round (a group that collects money from

each member and gives it to one person in turn)

7.Savings through buying something (agricultural inputs, livestock, other property)

8.Digital/recharge card

SECTION 20: INSURANCE

FB27. ASK ALL. Do you have the following types of insurance?

97

READ OUT. SINGLE ANSWER PER

ROW

1=Yes

2=No

1.Medical

2.Life

3.Car, vehicle

4.Agriculture

5.House/property/asset

6.Unemployment/income protection

7.Educational policy

8.Retirement/pension/old age

9.National Social Security Fund

10.National Hospital Insurance Fund

SECTION 21: INVESTMENT

FB29. ASK ALL. Do you invest in any of the following places?


2=No

1.Your own business

2.Other people’s businesses (e.g., neighbors, friends, relatives)

3. Assets (e.g., real estate, land, precious metals, gemstones, art, etc.)

4. Buy shares of foreign enterprises (e.g., Coca Cola, Toyota, Stanbic, etc.)

98

5.Buy shares of local enterprises

6.Buy government bonds

SECTION 22: LITERACY

LN1A. ASK ALL Can you read this text for me, please? (Reading)

ASK THE RESPONDENT TO READ THE CONSENT FORM AND CONFIRM THAT

THEY UNDERSTAND IT.

LN1B. ASK ALL Can you read this text for me, please? (Understanding)

ASK THE RESPONDENT TO READ THE CONSENT FORM ABOUT TAKING PHOTOS

AND CONFIRM THAT THEY UNDERSTAND IT

SINGLE ANSWER

The respondent fully understood the informed consent form without any help from

the interviewer (confirm by asking)

1

Respondent understood the informed consent form well but asked for a little help

from the interviewer

2

SINGLE ANSWER

Respondent read the informed consent form fluently and without any help from the interviewer 1

Respondent read the informed consent form well but had a little help from the interviewer 2

Respondent struggled to read the informed consent form and had a lot of help from the

interviewer

3

Respondent was unable to read the consent form and requested the interviewer read it to them 4

Understanding

99

Respondent struggled to understand the informed consent form and asked for a lot

of help from the interviewer

3

Respondent was unable to understand the informed consent form and interviewer

explained it, in full, using simpler language

4

LN2. ASK ALL. On a scale from 1 (cannot do at all) to 5 (excellent), please evaluate how you

perform in the following areas:

1= Cannot do this at all

2= Very badly

3= Somewhat badly

4= Good

5= Excellent

Reading in English

Writing in English

Reading in Luganda

Writing in Luganda

Reading in Luo

Writing in Luo

Reading in Runyakole

Writing in Runyakole

Reading in Ateso

Writing in Ateso

Reading in Rutooro

100

Writing in Rutooro

Reading in Lugbara

Writing in Lugbara

Reading in Ngakarimojong

Writing in Ngakarimojong

Reading in other language (Specify)_______________

Writing in other language (Specify)__________________

SECTION 23. Harmonization Indicators

FA1. ASK All. Have you ever used one of the following financial service providers: a bank, mobile

money, a Microfinance institution (MFI) (organization which mostly lends to members in a group)

or Micro finance deposit taking institutions(MDIs), SACCO (a member-based organization such as a

or workplace co-op), a Cooperative, or a Post Office Bank?

SINGLE ANSWER

Yes 1

No 2


FA2. IF FA1=1. Do any of the financial service providers that you use offer at least one of the

following services: savings, money transfers, insurance, or investment? It does not matter if you use

those services, I just want to know whether they are offered.

SINGLE ANSWER

Yes 1

No 2


101

FA3. IF FA1=1. Do any of the financial service providers that you use offer services electronically

without using cash? This could be by using a phone menu or app, website, debit or credit card, or

any way to get or send money electronically? It does not matter if you use those services, I just want

to know whether they are offered.

SINGLE ANSWER

Yes 1

No 2


FA4. IF FA1=1. Do you have an account that is registered in your name with one of the financial

service providers that you use?

SINGLE ANSWER

Yes 1

No 2


FA5. IF FA1=1. Have you used an account registered in your name for anything in the past 90

days?

SINGLE ANSWER

Yes 1

No 2


FA6. IF FA1=1. Have you ever used an account electronically, for at least one of the following

things: to buy or pay for anything, receive your salary from your job, receive money from the

government, get a loan, save money, make an investment, or receive claims on insurance?

102

SINGLE ANSWER

Yes 1

No 2


SECTION X: CLOSING

INTERVIEWER: ADMINISTER THE INFORMED CONSENT FORM BELOW TO ALL

RESPONDENTS WHO OWN A MOBILE PHONE (MT2=1) ELSE GO TO

PHOTOGRAPHY CONSETN FORM AND ASK THE RESPONDENT TO SIGN THE

PHOTOGRAPHY CONSENT FORM IF THEY HAVE NOT ALREADY DONE SO.

Informed Consent Form to Participate in a Separate Follow-up Study

InterMedia Africa and IPSOS would like to invite you to participate in a follow-up study which

explores the use of digital financial services (DFS) in Uganda to introduce service improvements. For

this study, we will track and analyze mobile money account transactions and voice and airtime use

associated with your personal SIM card.

InterMedia and IPSOS will not disclose any personal information gathered through this study without

first asking for your permission. Everything we learn from you will be treated with the strictest

confidence. To protect your privacy, we will remove all personal identifying information, as well as

information for senders and recipients of mobile money, or recipients of voice calls and text messages

from the survey. In case of any breach of confidentiality, you will be informed immediately.

103

Your participation in this follow-up study is entirely voluntary and you can stop participating at any

point even if you agree to the study and then change your mind. But your participation will directly

contribute to the work on enhancing financial services (for example, services offered by banks or

mobile money providers) so that households like yours can take advantage of the improvements.

Before you decide to accept this invitation to take part in this study, you may ask the interviewer any

questions about the study. If you are not satisfied with the answers, feel free to contact the Project

Manager in Uganda: Name and telephone number

Before you sign this form, please ask any questions on any

aspect of this study that is unclear to you. You may take as

much time as necessary to think it over.

Thank & Close

Granted Consent Complete Signature Section

Below

Name of Subject (please print) Signature Date

Name of Person Obtaining

Consent

Signature Date

104

Photography Consent Form and Literacy Assessment Text

PHOTOGRAPHY CONSENT FORM – Please read carefully

We would like to take some photographs of you and your household. We will include some of the

photographs in our reports. We might also publish some of them online on our website.

If you agree to being photographed and to your photograph being published, please sign below

Refused Consent 1 Thank & Close

Granted Consent 2 Complete Signature Section Below

I, ___________________________ consent to being photographed for the Financial Inclusion Insights study. I further authorize that the photographs may be published for any purpose and in any form.

Name of Subject (please print) Signature Date

Name of Person Obtaining

Consent

(Interviewer)

Signature Date

Respondent Information

1 Respondent Name

(Please also record nickname or common name)

4 Would you consent to taking part in a follow-up study with us? 1=Yes

2=No

Respondent contacts 1. Can you give me all the mobile phone numbers you use regularly to make or to receive calls

and text messages? 2. Think about all the calls and messages that are made from this phone number. How many

of those calls and messages are made by you and how many by others? 3. Think about all the calls and messages that come to this phone number. How many of

those calls and messages are for you and how many are for others?

105

1. List all phone numbers

2. Ask for each phone number SINGLE ANSWER

3.Ask for each phone number SINGLE ANSWER

1=I make all, or almost all, the calls and messages from this phone number 2=I make more than half of the calls and messages from this phone number 3=I make less than half of the calls and messages from this phone number 4=Other people make almost all the calls or messages from this phone number

1=All, or almost all, the calls and messages to this phone number are for me 2=More than half of the calls and messages to this phone number are for me 3=Less than half of the calls and messages to this phone number are for me 4=Calls and messages to this phone number are almost always for other people

4. ASK ONLY IF OTHER PEOPLE USE THE PHONE NUMBER (OPTIONS 2-4 IN QUESTIONS 2 AND 3). Who beside yourself, makes or receives calls or messages on this phone number.

READ OUT. MARK ALL THAT APPLY 1=Yes

2=No

Family member(s) in my household

Family member(s)/ in a different household

Other relative(s) (Specify)

Workmate(s) or a business partner(s)

Neighbor(s), not a relative

Mobile operator’s agent/employee

Friend(s)

People who pay me to make or receive calls and messages

Other

106

Quality Control Checks

QUESTIONNAIRE ID:

QC1 Accompanied by Supervisor Name: Date:

QC2 Reviewed by Supervisor after fieldwork Name: Date:

QC3 Back Checked by Supervisor (Physical

Visit) Name: Date:

QC4 Back Checked by Supervisor (Phone Call) Name: Date: