Shelley Spring 2018 SI

Exam Review 2: Upper Limb, Head, and NeckExam Review Wednesday 02/14 HPA1 119 2:30-3:50 PM

1. A patient comes in complaining of excruciating pain in their wrist after falling on it. The doctor takes an x-ray and discovers that the patient’s radius has been fractured posteriorly and has a fork-shaped appearance. What type of fracture has this patient experience?

a. Surgical neck fractureb. Dupuytren’s contracture c. Colle’s fractured. Smith’s fracture

2. Which of the following is the second most commonly fractured carpal bone?a. Lunateb. Triquetrumc. Scaphoidd. Trapezium

3. Which of the following structures does NOT pass through the carpal tunnel?a. Flexor carpi radialis b. Flexor pollicis longusc. Flexor digitorum superficialisd. Flexor carpi ulnaris

4. Upon initial examination, a newborn child appears to be completely healthy and is released from the hospital. Several months later, the parents notice that the child’s left arm has a slight medial rotation and that that he is unable to raise his arm. The pediatrician concludes that the child is suffering from some sort of paralysis, leaving him unable to abduct his arm or flex his elbow. What is the child’s diagnosis?

a. Dupuytren’s contractureb. Erb-Duchennec. Klumpke’s paralysisd. Ape hand

5. A patient has fractured his ankle and is given crutches to assist him with walking. A few days later, he returns to his physician complaining of weakness and loss of sensation in his arm. He also complains of being unable to extend his wrist upwards. What nerve could be damaged?

a. Medianb. Radialc. Ulnard. Axillary

6. Which of the following is NOT a rotator cuff muscle?a. Latissimus dorsib. Teres minorc. Supraspinatusd. Subscapularis

Shelley Spring 2018 SI

7. A patient suffers from a hand deformity that causes knots of tissue to form under his skin. Over time, the knots have resulted in permanent flexion of his pinky and ring finger. He is unable to extend them and his middle finger is now becoming affected as well. What is his diagnosis?

a. Ape handb. Claw handc. Papal benedictiond. Dupuytren’s contracture

8. Which of the following is NOT a content of the snuffbox?a. Deep radial nerveb. Radial arteryc. Superficial radial nerved. None of the above

9. The posterior fontanelle ossifies within 18-36 months after birth (T/F).a. Trueb. False

10. All the mimetic muscles of the face are innervated by which nerve?a. CN Vb. CN XIc. CN VIId. C7

11. Which anastomosis provides a direct connection to the cavernous sinus, through which infections may get into the skull?

a. Facial vein; dorsal nasal veinb. Common facial vein; ophthalmic veinc. Facial vein; ophthalmic veind. Occipital vein; temporal vein

12. A few weeks after birth, a newborn child presents with a stiff neck and their head is tilted to one side. The child is also unable to rotate their head. Upon examination, the pediatrician discovers a fibromatosis of the sternocleidomastoid muscle. What is the most probable diagnosis?

a. Congenital torticollisb. Whiplashc. Spasmodic torticollisd. Clavicle fracture

13. The dorsal ramus of C1 merges with C2 and C3 to form the cervical ansa (T/F).a. Trueb. False

14. Which of the following is NOT a content of the scalene gap?a. Brachial plexusb. Subclavian arteryc. Subclavian veind. None of the above

Shelley Spring 2018 SI

15. What structures border the submandibular triangle?a. Anterior belly digastricb. Mandiblec. Geniohyoid muscled. All of the abovee. A and B only

16. A patient presents with wrist drop and sensory loss in the dorsolateral aspect of the forearm and the hand. Their triceps muscle seems to be functioning normally and they are able to fully extend their elbow. What nerve is damaged and what is the most probable site of injury?

a. Radial; proximal to origin of tricepsb. Median; proximal to origin of tricepsc. Radial; forearmd. Radial; radial groovee. Ulnar; forearm

17. Which muscle would NOT be compromised as a result of median nerve damage?a. Flexor carpi radialisb. Flexor carpi ulnarisc. Pronator teresd. Flexor digitorum superficialis

18. 65% of the breast’s lymphatics drain into the axillary lymph node (T/F).a. Trueb. False

19. Which of the following is NOT a content of the jugular foramen?a. Facial nerveb. Glossopharyngeal nervec. Accessory nerved. Internal jugular vein

20. A patient is rushed into the emergency room with a severe case of angioedema. She is having difficulty breathing due to the severe swelling in her throat and airways. The doctors need to find a quick way to supply her body with oxygen before she suffocates. What would be the best procedure to perform?

a. Nasal cannulab. Tracheotomy c. Coniotomyd. CPR

21. Which of the following is NOT a mastication muscle?a. Temporalisb. Masseterc. Buccinatord. Lateral pterygoid

Shelley Spring 2018 SI

22. A patient complains of intractable facial pain that is often triggered by simple tasks such as chewing or brushing her teeth. She has tried taking anti-inflammatory drugs but it only provides minor relief. What is her probable diagnosis?

a. Bell’s palsyb. Hemangiomac. Tic Douloureuxd. Wry neck

23. Which of the following branchial arches is innervated by the glossopharyngeal nerve?a. Branchial arch 5b. Branchial arch 2c. Branchial arch 6d. Branchial arch 3

24. What is the only cutaneous muscle in the human body?a. Platysmab. Anterior belly of digastricc. Infrahyoidd. Buccinator

25. Which of the following is NOT a branch of the external carotid artery?a. Lingual arteryb. Superior thyroid arteryc. Superficial temporal arteryd. Inferior thyroid artery

26. What is the origin of the maxillary artery?a. External carotid arteryb. Axillary arteryc. Right common carotid arteryd. Internal carotid artery

Shelley Spring 2018 SI

https://www.purposegames.com/game/05a33a34e3

27. Use the diagram above. What nerve innervates the two tendons on the medial aspect of the flexor digitorum profundus?

a. Ab. Bc. Cd. De. E

*All questions have been cross referenced with lecture notes and the textbook, however this does not ensure that all answers are correct. This document serves as a study guide and is in NO WAY an official copy of any previous or current exams!*

Exam Review 2.1: Thorax, Lungs, Heart, HistologyExam Review Wednesday 03/07 HPA1 116 4:00-5:50 PM

1. The first 8 ribs are considered “true” ribs (T/F).a. Trueb. False

2. At what level is a sternal puncture usually performed?a. L1-L2b. The lower third of the sternal bodyc. T3-T5d. The upper third of the sternal body

3. What condition is commonly seen in people who suffer from Turner’s syndrome?a. Flail chestb. Coarctation of aortac. Cervical ribd. Infraclavicular nerve block

4. A female patient presents with dimpled skin on her breast, resembling an orange peel. She is immediately given a mammography exam and the physician detects a tumor in her breast. Which of the following mammary structures has been invaded?

a. Suspensory (Cooper’s) ligament

Shelley Spring 2018 SI

b. Retromammary spacec. Lactiferous ductd. Apocrine gland

5. What nerve supplies part of the innervation to the parietal pleura?a. CN Xb. T1-T4c. Phrenic nerved. T5-T7

6. A patient is rushed into the emergency room after sustaining knife wounds to his chest. He is experiencing a shortness of breath and the physicians are worried that he may have a collapsed lung. A mediastinal flutter is detected. Which of the following conditions is this patient suffering from?

a. Tension pneumothoraxb. Spontaneous pneumothoraxc. Pneumoniad. Open (sucking) pneumothorax

7. Which of the following procedures would be most effective in treating pleural effusion?a. Thoracocentesisb. Tube thoracostomy c. Needle decompressiond. Tracheostomy

8. Which of the following is NOT a part of the pharynx?a. Laropharynxb. Nasopharynxc. Oropharynxd. Hypopharynx

9. At what level does the trachea bifurcate into the right and left main bronchi?a. T5b. T3c. C6d. T4

10. What type of epithelium lines the inner layer of the trachea?a. Simple squamous b. Non-keratinizing stratified squamousc. Pseudostratified ciliated columnar d. Stratified columnar

11. What is the partial pressure of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the blood as it is brought to the lungs for oxygenation?

a. PO2 40 mmHg; PCO2 46 mmHgb. PO2 100 mmHg; PCO2 46 mmHgc. PO2 40 mmHg; PCO2 100 mmHg

Shelley Spring 2018 SI

d. PO2 100 mmHg; PCO2 40 mmHg12. Which of the following lung innervations is responsible for bronchoconstriction?

a. Vagal afferentb. Vagal efferentc. Sympathetic afferentd. Sympathetic efferent

13. A patient presents with heavy breathing and pink discoloration. Their forced expiration capacity is significantly low and when examined the physician notices that they have a thin, barrel-shaped chest. What condition is this patient suffering from?

a. Pneumoniab. Asthmac. Chronic bronchitisd. Emphysema

14. A patient is brought into the emergency room complaining of severe chest pain above his sternum. His family members are worried that is he suffering from a heart attack. The physician listens to his heart and notices a rubbing sound. What is the most probable diagnosis?

a. Heart attackb. Coronary artery diseasec. Cardiomegalyd. Pericarditis

15. Which structure allows blood to move from the right atrium of the heart to the left atrium during fetal life?

a. Ligamentum arteriosumb. Ductus arteriosus c. Foramen ovaled. Fossa ovalis

16. Which of the following conditions can lead to Eisenmenger’s syndrome?a. Ventricular septum defectb. Pericarditisc. Coarctation of aortad. Cardiac tamponade

17. Which of the following valves lies between the left atrium and left ventricle?a. Tricuspidb. Mitralc. Aorticd. Semilunar

18. A young boy comes in for his annual check up. The physician performs a routine examination but when he listens to the boy’s heart, he notices a slight murmur. Concerned about this finding, he checks the boys medical history. The boy’s medical history indicates that he was fighting a streptococcus infection not too long ago. What

Shelley Spring 2018 SI

secondary disease may have manifested as a result of this initial infection and may be responsible for the boy’s irregular heart sounds?

a. Rheumatic feverb. Atrial septal defectc. Bronchitisd. Mitral stenosis

19. What is the correct order of the heart conduction pathway?a. AV node → SA node → Bundle of His → bundle branches → Purkinje fibersb. AV node → SA node → bundle branches → Purkinje fibers → Bundle of Hisc. SA node → AV node → Bundle of His → bundle branches → Purkinje fibersd. Bundle of His → Av node → SA node → Purkinje fibers → bundle branches

20. Which of the following is NOT a major branch of the right coronary artery?a. Right marginal arteryb. Anterior interventricular arteryc. SA nodal arteryd. Posterior interventricular artery

21. Which cardiac vein is the main tributary of the coronary sinus?a. Middle cardiac veinb. Anterior cardiac veinc. Left marginal veind. Great cardiac vein

22. Which of the following is the site of auscultation for the tricuspid valve?a. Right of the 2nd intercostal space b. Left of the 2nd intercostal space c. Left of 5th intercostal space at sternal junctiond. Left of 5th intercostal space at midclavicular line

23. A patient comes in complaining of angina and excessive fatigue after minimal activity. The patient’s blood is sent to the lab for analysis and when the results come back the physician notices that the patient suffers from high cholesterol and hypertension. The doctor diagnoses the patient with atherosclerosis. What is the most effective treatment option?

a. Coronary angioplastyb. Open heart surgeryc. Coronary angiographyd. Coronary bypass

24. At what level is the diaphragmatic narrowing of the esophagus located?a. C6b. T10c. T12d. T5

25. Which of the following veins is NOT involved in the venous drainage of the esophagus?a. Azygos veinb. Inferior thyroid veinc. Gastric veinsd. Posterior intercostal veins

26. The cisterna chyli drains approximately ¾ of the lymphatics of the body (T/F).

Shelley Spring 2018 SI

a. Trueb. False

27. Which of the following nerves does NOT provide innervation to the thoracic diaphragm? a. CN Xb. C3-C5c. L1-L2d. Intercostal nerves

28. Which vein drains the upper left portion of the thoracic wall?a. Azygos veinb. Hemiazygos veinc. Accessory hemiazygos veind. Ascending lumbar veins

29. Which of the following conditions is indicated by an absent Q wave and a delta wave?a. Wolf Parkinson’s White syndromeb. Atrial fibrillationc. Atrial flutterd. Ventricular tachycardia

30. Use the image above to answer the following question. What layer of the skin is the arrow pointing to?

a. Stratum corneumb. Stratum spinosumc. Stratum lucidumd. Stratum granulosum

*All questions have been cross referenced with lecture notes and the textbook, however this does not ensure that all answers are correct. This document serves as a study guide and is in NO WAY an official copy of any previous or current exams!*