u2 d5 the articles of confederation
TRANSCRIPT
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American History Unit 2 Lecture 5
The Articles of Confederation
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State Governments
• During the Revolution and following independence, states write their own constitutions
• Weak executive, separation of power, idea of republicanism are common traits
REPUBLIC – A state where power is held by the citizens entitled to vote and is exercised by representatives that they select.
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State Governments
• Guaranteed Certain Rights:– Freedom of Religion– Press– Speech– Equality and voting rights (for some people)
13 states that function independently – loosely held together as a nation by “ARTICLES OF CONFEDERATION”
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Articles of Confederation
Articles of Confederation – agreement that serves as the basis of America’s first government. Ratified in 1781.
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Articles of Confederation
Overview:Only branch of government is Congress –
UNICAMERALCOULD declare war, sign treaties, borrow money,
coin money, establish a postal service, enter treaties with Native Americans.
Each state had 1 vote in Congress, regardless of population.
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Western Lands
United States had gained territory during the Revolutionary War? -States ceded land claims to Federal Gov’t-Question is, how is land to be settled, divided, etc?
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“Western” land acquired from Britain
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Western Lands
• Land Ordinance of 1785 – Establishes plan to survey and divide the land
• Northwest Ordinance of 1787 – Establishes rules for establishing territories and creating states. Bans slavery in the Northwest Territory.
• NW Ordinance – Considered the only real success of the Articles
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Problems with the Articles
Weakness of National Government:Cannot TaxCannot enforce lawsCannot regulate tradeNo court systemNo respect abroadCannot pass laws (9 of 13 must agree)Cannot change laws (13 of 13 must agree)
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Problems with the Articles
States in Conflict:Border disputesDifferent moneyTrade disputesWar debtsQuestions of legal jurisdiction
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Shay’s Rebellion Prompts Change
States are in debt from war, raising taxesWar veterans hit hardShay’s Rebellion in Massachusetts, demanding tax
relief, currency reform, debt forgivenessLasts nearly two years; government cannot stop it
(EXPOSES WEAKNESSES OF US GOVERNMENT!)Scares many in the ruling classLeads states to call for reform; calls for stronger
government!
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