U NIT 12: H UMAN R EGULATION AND R EPRODUCTION Lesson 3: Kidney Structure and Histology L EARNING O UTCOMES 1. To be able to accurately draw a diagram of a kidney. 2. To be able to draw images seen under a microscope of kidney histology. K IDNEY : U LTRASTRUCTURE Label the diagram: Get a post-it note: R ECAP Q UESTIONS : 1. What is the main function of the Kidney? 2. Describe the size and shape of a kidney. 3. What is the name of the artery that supplies the kidney with blood? 4. Where are nephrons positioned in the kidney? T HE K IDNEY : G ROSS S TRUCTURE Cortex Pyramids Medulla Renal Pelvis Renal Artery Renal Vein T HE K IDNEY R ECAP : https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FN3MFhYPW Wo (TED) K IDNEY D ISSECTION : B IOLOGICAL DRAWINGS Use plain (unlined) paper Always use a sharp pencil Draw using continuous lines Do not shade or colour All label lines drawn with a ruler Labels written horizontally Title N EPHRON F ACTS There are approximately 1 million nephrons in each human kidney. They are responsible for the balance of water, ions and pH in the blood. They also secrete the hormones: Erythropoietin Renin Vitamin D3 K IDNEY H ISTOLOGY This is a micrograph of a section of kidney. Can you spot any part of the nephron? G LOMERULUS C ORTEX : G LOMERULI AND T UBULES C ONVOLUTED T UBULES Because the proximal convoluted tubule is considerably longer than the distal convoluted tubule, a typical section of the renal cortex includes many more profiles of proximal tubules than of distal tubulesproximal convoluted tubuledistal convoluted tubuleproximal tubulesdistal tubules M EDULLA M EDULLARY T UBULES L ONGITUDUNAL S ECTION M EDULLARY T UBULES : C ROSS S ECTION B IOLOGICAL D RAWINGS C LASS WORK TASKS 1. Draw a pencil diagram of a cross section of a whole kidney. Ensure you label the main sections. 2. Observe microscope slides of kidney histology. Identify the sections of the nephron you are observing. Make a biological drawing of your microscope slide. Annotate/label your diagram. P ODOCYTES Highly Specialised Cells Present in the glomerulus / bowman's capsule. Allows filtrate to move from capillary to Bowmans capsule Creates the high pressure needed for ultrafiltration to occur M ORE DETAILS ON P ODOCYTES : H OMEWORK : Find out what process happens at the glomerulus / bowmans capsule. Write a few sentences about this process. T O FINISH : Draw diagrams on the windows. Annotate and write any facts / details you have learnt.