u n c l a s s i f i e d omega and nif target fabrication ... · omega and nif target fabrication at...

U N C L A S S I F I E D


Operated by the Los Alamos National Security, LLC for the DOE/NNSA

Omega and NIF Target Fabrication at LANL

22nd Target Fabrication Meeting

March 2017

LANL• J.A. Oertel, D. Capelli, T. Cardenas, S.L. Edwards, F. Fierro, L.A. Goodwin, C.E.

Hamilton, M.J. Herman, K.C. Hubbard, J.I. Martinez, B.M. Patterson, T.E. Quintana, R.B. Randolph, G. Rivera, I.O. Usov, D. Vodnick, C. Wilson -LANL

LLNL• A. Nikroo, E. Alger, L.B. Kot, J.R. Nafziger, J.J. Sanchez, R.M. Seugling, R.J. Wallace,

…General Atomics• M. Farrell, N. Alexander, L. Carlson, P. Fitzsimmons, M.L. Hoppe, M. Mauldin, M.E.

Schoff , ...all the hard workers behind the scenes. • J. Fooks -@LLESchafer• N. Petta, J. Streit etc.

-Derek Schmidt, Target Engineer




FY16 Snapshot of Quantities of Targets Made at LANL - Outline• Omega Complex Targets (no capsules

included)– 330 targets for 182 ‘shots’, 17 days– Plus 20 Marble Omega Capsule Targets

• NIF Warm Targets– 21 Shear / Reshock– 18 Opacity– 4 Double Shell Packages– 20 Beryllium capsules drilled out

• Large Target Fabrication (pRad, UCSB,…)– 16 different high complexity target packages– 60 sawtooth and sine wave explosive packages

• LANL Trident Laser Facility Support– 200 planar target assemblies

• NIF Neutron Imaging Aperture– 13 layers of penumbras and pinholes, 4 months

fabrication time




LANL Target Engineering GroupMany Component Fabrication Technologies Working Together

Micro Machining

Foam Production

PVD & CVD Coatings

Target Assembly

Target

Characterization




Coaxial Diffusion Campaign4 Omega Campaigns

• SiO2 Aerogel– 75 mg/cc

• Doped Aerogels– Titanium Aerogel Doping

– 5:1 Silicon – Ti– 70 mg/cc

– Scandium Aerogel Doping– 5:1 Silicon – Sc– 70 mg/cc– Development paths in nano-

particle suspension

PI: Heather Johns

DCS Foams

See Deanna Capelli’s poster Monday on the evolution of the coax design




Coaxial Diffusion CampaignCopper Top Hat

• Insertion of 4-10um thick copper top hat in between doped aerogel and outer silicon aerogel.

• 4um thick top hats fell apart during leaching of aluminum mandrel.

• 8um thick top hat survived




Coaxial Diffusion CampaignBacklighters

• CsI Backlighters– Requirement of CsI point

source

• Capsule Backlighters– Ar Diffusion Filled– Moved to Shield being

inside tall cell on stalk




WDFEOS / WDPEOS Campaign SeriesTwo Omega Campaigns

• Thompson Scattering targets to measure the shock breakout through the foam.

• VISAR design for foam EOS experiments

• Diamond and Graphite shock transports

• Planar and Step geometry machined into,

– 200 mg/cc SiO2– 150 mg/cc CH, CHCL foam

Slide 6

PI: Katja Falk




Be-Boron Ablation Rate Campaign

• Two foils of different thickness mounted side by side for experimental measurement of 16 different thickness comparisons in each shot day.

• SSC and VISAR configurations

• Be-Boron was warned to be very developmental at the 4 different thicknesses

• Went to backup of pressed polyethylene at different thicknesses and cut to size from GA

PI: George Kyrala




Omega Shear CampaignThree Shot Days

• Shear Platform– Direct drive of ablators for shock initiation.– Measuring counter-propagating shocks

and the effect of the shocks on the mix of the metal foil in the center.

– Beryllium tube – Dual Rexolite end caps– Aluminum Tracer Foil Types

– Sine wave coined– Roughened foils

Edge View Planar View

PI: Liz Merritt




Shear CampaignFoil Variations• Roughened Foils

– Ra = 2 - 5um– Roughening done at GA by coining

operation– Aluminum roughness achieved Ra =

4.5um

• Sine Wave Foils – Profiles created by coining operation at

LANL– 20um thick aluminum foil– Amplitude; 2.5um– Wavelength; 50, 85, 100, 125, 150 um

Sine Wave Pressed Foils -LANL

Roughened Foils -GA




Omega Marble2 Omega Campaigns• Capsules filled with deuterated plastic

foam and tritium gas will be imploded and the yield ratio of DT to DD neutrons will indicate mix.

• Smooth Foams– CD/CH ratios of 50% to 98% developed by

Chris Hamilton– Densities of 40mg/cc and 70mg/cc.

• Engineered Foams– Pore sizes engineered 30, 50, and 90 um pore

sizes. – Density of interstitial foams starts at 60 mg/cc

and results in an average 30 mg/cc with 50% packing

PI: Yongho Kim, Tom Murphy

See Chris Hamilton’s talk on Thursday on engineered pore size foams




Marble – VC ‘Void Collapse’3 Omega Campaigns• Two of the campaigns

focused on shock velocity measurements through CD smooth and engineered foams

• Al tracer layer used in some designs

• Iodine Doped foam tracer in other designs

• Half foam design had to be changed due to the long aspect ratio of the engineered foams

• Foams tested,– Engineered: 50um, 90um– Smooth: CD, CDCH, CHI

50um eng. half foam

PI: Yongho Kim

Rexolite Tube (GA)

Al Disk with Wings




Marble – VC ‘Void Collapse’3 Omega Campaigns• One shot day was the

investigation into measuring the effect of a given void and its predicted impact with and without preheat.

• 200um diameter sphere machined and inserted

• Specially doped endcaps to block the preheat

– Material made by LANL– Machined by GA




Omega Multi-Shock Campaign1 Day to Date

• 1st type, Solid Foam Insertion– 100, 150 mg/cc CHCL Foam

• 2nd type, Plastic Doped Tracers– Smooth Doped Disks– Doped Disks with sine waves on one

side– Doped plastic annulus disk

• 3rd type, Developmental– HDC with chromium nanoparticle layer– Ion Implanted doped region in HDC

PI: Tiffany Desjardines




Double Shell Planar2 Omega Campaigns

• Al, AlBeMet, Be ablator study

• Quartz disk

• Optional CH tamper disk

• 70 um thick disk of machined aerogel, 30mg/cc

– Backup plan of cast 70um thick aerogel

PI: Liz Merritt




ZSP Omega shots1 Shot Day

• Pd powder mixed and compacted into graphite slugs

• Slug machined to very small size

– ᴓ 0.500mm, 0.6mm long

• Developmental concerns required two prong approach,

– GA and LANL-Sigma group both made Pd-C cylinders

3D XRF proof of dispersion uniformity

xRadia Pre-inspection (GA)

PI: Alex Zylstra

See Brian Patterson’s poster Tuesday on new confocal XRF capability




EP-MIXEOS2 Shot Days

• First design was a very thin rexolite disk

• Aluminum and NiAl alloy packages

• PVD of 3um Gold did change the flatness of the rexolite from 2um to 9um

CH Ablator Be Ablator

CH 20um Ablator

PI: Eric Loomis, Liz Merritt




EP- dEdx 1 Shot Day

• Foam/CH Package

• Foam – 100 um thick– 100 mg/cc DVB– 1% Silicon Doped– 1% Chlorine Doped

• Did see 3um deviations from the vacuum chuck pattern

• Other simple targets on shot day:

– HDC cylinders, Aluminum cylinders, Zinc foils

Doped CH Foam 5um Parylene

PI: Alex Zylstra




Oblique ShockFive EP-Omega Campaigns

PAI

Iodinated CH

• Physics validations of shocked perturbations

– Flat and tilted orientations– With and without

perturbations

• Iodine doped CH tracer layer inserted and glued into PAI plastic

• Desired profile machined into surface

PI: Alex Rasmus




Oblique ShockFive EP-Omega Campaigns

• Two-mode sine wave– ‘Double Camel’– Flat, 60 deg., 30 deg.

• Single-mode sine wave– Flat, 60 deg.

• Band Pass Power Spectrum

– ‘mma’ vs ‘mmb’– ‘mma’ is band pass of 20-50

um wavelength– ‘mmb’ is band pass of 20-

50um and 100-180um

Interferometer of mma




NIF Cepheus Series2 Shot Campaigns• VISAR diagnostic of

LiF/Quartz window to aluminum expansion through filter pack

• MicroFine Green package holder

• Cone made from rapid prototype Accura 60 plastic with gold and parylene coatings.

LiF/Quartz

Al Foil

BeTeflon / Be Filter Pack

Be

PI: John Kline




NIF Cepheus Series2 Shot Campaigns• Side VISAR target

• Micro Fine Support Structure

– Two different tray holder positions to place the packages on their exact heights

– Teflon / Be Filter Package– Stepped LiF Package– Scribed Mirror

LiF/Quartz

Al Foil Be

Teflon / Be Filter Pack

Be




NIF Reshock “Shear” SeriesJune 2013 – Present

• On our 11th different type target variation– Just built our 43rd target in the last variation– Nice that they haven’t changed the platform in

the last two years

• Either Planar or Edge View

• Smooth Foils – Aluminum 40 um thick– Copper 12 um thick– Titanium 24 um thick– Vanadium 18 um thick

• Random Rough Foils (GA)– Aluminum 40 um thick– Copper 12um thick

Planar Orientation Edge Orientation

PI: Kirk Flippo




NIF Reshock “Shear” SeriesJune 2013 – Present • Random Rough Foils

– Scan the whole surface for the PI’s line up to the received data

– Local region is measured to show a representative surface roughness

– xRadia scans for the Plan View and Edge View of every foil

• Beryllium Improvements– New grooving technique to broach in

controlled slot

See Chris Wilson’s poster Monday on developments in beryllium fabrication




NIF Opacity

• Hohlraum with opacity foil sandwiched in the middle

• Silicon Collimator

• Capsule backlighter

Fe/Mg Co-sputtered Foil

10um Parylene

PI: Bob Heeter (LLNL), Ted Perry

See Doug Vodnick’s poster Tuesday on Thin Film CoatingsSee Igor Usov’s talk Tuesday on thin film materials




NIF Opacity• Design of the Halfraum

assembly has become more and more challenging

See Tana Cardenas’s poster on the evolution of the opacity design Monday




NIF Marble Capsules• NIF Marble

– 2.100 mm diameter– 120um thick shell

• Foams– CH, CD – DVB

– DVB Engineered foams– Developments into HIPE

Engineered

PI: Yongho Kim, Tom Murphy

Engineered Foams

See Blaine Randolph’s poster Tuesday on No-Wax Machining Foam Development




Marble 2PP Developments• Focused Development

to solve Marble’s Needs with 2PP

• BCC Lattice to improve over log piles

• Initial programming using Labview to write BCC sphere write files, no .stl files

• Lattice / Equivalent Densities

– 5um lattice = 48 mg/cc– 10um lattice = 9.5 mg/cc– 100um lattice ~ 1 mg/cc




NIF Double Shell

• See Tana Cardenas Talk Tuesday Morning

PI: Eric Loomis, Liz Merritt




Quick glance at some of the targets we also make outside of laser targets for ICF/HED

• Neutron Imaging Aperture for NIF

• Cerium and Zinc Sawtooth targets

• pRad Linear and Axial sine wave Profiles

• Parabolic grooves and divots in explosive driven targets

• 4 different sine wave profiles on one target cylinder

See Frank Fierro’s poster on ceramic diagnostic manufacturing Monday See John Martinez’s poster on Fabrication of Neutron Imaging Aperture




Conclusion: A lot of variety in the targets A special thanks to our collaborators across the complex!• Omega Complex Targets (no capsules included)

– 378 targets for 182 ‘shots’, 13 days– Plus 40 Marble Omega Capsule Targets, 2 days

• NIF Warm Target Complexities– 21 Shear / Reshock– 18 Opacity– 4 Double Shell Packages– 20 Beryllium capsules drilled out

• Large Target Fabrication (pRad, UCSB)– 16 different high complexity target packages– 60 sawtooth and sine wave explosive packages

• LANL Trident Laser Facility Support– 200 planar target assemblies

• NIF Neutron Imaging Aperture– 13 layers of penumbras and pinholes, 4 months fabrication time

• LANL– John Oertel, Deanna Capelli, Tana Cardenas, Stephanie Edwards,

Frank Fierro, Lynne Goodwin, Chris Hamilton, Matt Herman, Kevin Hubbard, John Martinez, Brian Patterson, Theresa Quintana, Blaine Randolph, Jerry Rivera, Derek Schmidt, Igor Usov, Doug Vodnick, Chris Wilson

• LLNL– Abbas Nikroo, Ethan Alger, Lynn Kot, John Nafziger, Jorge Sanchez,

Robert Seugling, Russell Wallace, …

• General Atomics– Mike Farrell, N. Alexander, Lane Carlson, Paul Fitzsimmons, Martin

Hoppe Sr., Mike Mauldin, Mike Schoff ...all the hard workers behind the scenes.

– Julie Fooks -@LLE

• Schafer– Nicole Petta, Jon Streit etc.

•

u n c l a s s i f i e d omega and nif target fabrication ... · omega and nif target fabrication at...

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