types of maps - world geography & cultures -...
TRANSCRIPT
Types of Maps
Physical
Political
Thematic
Geography through the Ages
• Geography is the study of the Earth.
– Geo = Earth, Graphy = to write.
• (Earth writing)
– Eratosthenes coined the word and divided the world into 5 climatic regions.
Eratosthenes World Map 194BC
Al-Idrisi Map 1154
Ortelius Map 1571
Maps
• Two Purposes
– Reference tool – to find locations
– Communication tool – to show the distribution
of human and physical features.
Reading Maps
• Map = 2-D or flat
representation of the
Earth’s surface
– Cartography = the
science used to make
maps
Map Scale
• The system used by Geographers to transfer
locations from a globe to a map.
– Ratio or Fraction – 1:24,000
– A written Scale – one inch equal 24,000 inches
– A graphic scale – bar line used to show distance
on Earth
– Largest scale map = a City
Mash-up – What are we looking at?
Physical Maps
• Physical maps show
location and topography
(shape of physical
features)
– Earth’s Landforms
(mountains and forests),
Water Features (rivers and
lakes), and Relief and
Elevation (the difference in
height, often shown with a
key).
Political Maps
• Political maps show the boundaries and locations
of political units
– Countries, cities, towns
• A political map has features human-made, or
determined by humans
– Capitals, highways, railroads
Place Names • Toponym – name given to a place on Earth
– Named for important people, religion, landscapes,
physical features.
• Ding Dong TX
• Monkey’s Eyebrow AZ
• Dead Horse AK
• Christmas FL
• Two Eggs FL
• Normal IL
• French Lick IN
• Slaughter LA
• Hell MI
• Hot Coffee MISS
Place names
• Taumatawhakatangihangakoauauotamat
eaturipukakapikimaungahoronukupokai
whenuakitanatahu
– Translation: "The summit where Tamatea, the
man with the big knees, the climber of
mountains, the land-swallower who travelled
about, played his nose flute to his loved one"
Place Names
• Chargoggagoggmanchauggagoggchaubu
nagungamau
• Tweebuffelsmeteenskootmorsdoodgeskiet
fontein
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ucCUp-
rx6Yc
Thematic Maps
• Thematic maps can represent a variety of
information including things like climate,
precipitation, vegetation, elevation,
population, life expectancy, etc.
• Thematic maps are generally used when
you are looking at a single piece of
information.