types of flooring interior design. flooring types soft flooring carpet rugs resilient hard flooring...
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Types of Flooring
Interior Design
Flooring Types
Soft Flooring
CarpetRugs
Resilient
Hard Flooring
Wood StoneTile
Wood - Most popular • Strip Flooring
– Tongue and groove– Nailed to sub floor– Pre-finished or unfinished
• Random Plank– Wider than strips– Screwed to sub floor, covered with wood plugs
• Parquet– Small pieces arranged in different designs– Pre-finished squares for easy installation
Stone• Marble
– Various colors depending on origin– Verdigris (vər-də-grēs) : marbles that have a green
color
• Limestone: most common, usually white but may have cloudy streaks
• Onyx: may have layers of colors or banding
Stone• Terrazzo formed using marble or chipped
stones embedded in full concrete. – artistic and very reliable– best for outdoor spaces such as verandas or
patios. – strong but 50% chance of breakage at quarry
Stone• Travertine: porous limestone used on
floors or walls– Comes from mineral springs– Holes from escaping gas– Holes filled with resin which may or may not
be same color
Ceramic Tile• Bathrooms, kitchens, entryways
• Made from baked clay
• Durable, moisture resistant, easy to clean
• Can crack if not installed on even surface
Other Tiles• Ceramic Mosaic
– Individual tiles mounted together to keep together and make installation easier
– More often on walls • Mexican
– Made from clay– Shaped by hand– Dried in sun
• Quarry– Fired Earth/Clay– Warm brown to beige
Resilient Floor Coverings
• Flooring with a semi-hard surface that returns to its original shape after stress
• Warmer and quieter to walk on
• Not quite as durable
• Vinyl and plastic laminate
• Resists stains, affordable• Sheet Vinyl
– 6, 9, 12 foot sheets– Rotogravure (rō-tə-grə-vyu ̇r)
• Top layer covered with clear coating• Thin, tears easily
– Inlaid• Colored chips make designs (heat,
pressure)• Design all the way to backing• Most durable of the vinyl
Vinyl
Vinyl
• Vinyl Tiles– 12 in. X 12 in.– Sticky backing – Place together like a puzzle
Carpet
• Insulates against drafts• Decreases noise• More comforting feel• Quality
– Pile (nap): visible surface of carpet– Density: how close the tufts are made together, more
important than depth– Heat setting– Twist– Depth
Carpet Fibers
Nylon: – most popular,
– durable,
– easy to maintain,
– limited colors
Polypropylene (olefin):– strong, – nonabsorbent, – resists stains and static, – colorfast, – cheap, – crushes easily, – limited colors, – heat sensitive
95% made of manufactured fibers
Carpet Fibers Cont.Polyester blend (PET)
• made from recycled plastics, • resists stains and fading
Acrylic: • feels and looks like wool, • low static level, • resists mildew, • subject to pilling
Carpet Fibers Cont.
• soft• durable• long lasting• expensive
• moth sensitive• shrinkage• allergies• hard to clean
Wool:
Carpeting Textures / Categories• Cut Pile
– Formal looking plush, velvet, smooth, may flatten
• Saxony– Similar to cut but yarns have
been twisted more giving less formal appearance
• Frieze– Informal, curly texture, shows
minimal marks
Carpeting Textures / Categories
• Level Loop– Loops are all same height, may have flecks of
darker color, durable
• Multi-level Loop– Two or three loop heights, sculpted or
embossed effect, good in high traffic areas
• Cut and Loop Pile– Sculptured effect from some looks cut and
some braided, very durable
Backing or Cushion
• Extends life of carpet
• Shock absorber
• Less than ½” thick
Laws
• Flammable Fabrics Act- Federal Govt. protects consumers with regulations. Must follow standards for fabrics, rugs, carpets, mattresses
• Label must include: – Fiber content and percentage– Manufacturer– Country of origin– Care information