Chapter 5.3:

Searching for Cities of Gold

The Search for Cities of Gold

•Cabeza de Vaca returns to Mexico

•Reports of large cities and gold

Cabeza de Vaca

The Search for Cities of Gold

Viceroy—Royal

governor of New Spain

The Search for Cities of Gold

•Fray Marcos de Niza leads expedition

•Estevanico serves as guide

Fray Marcos de Niza

The Search for Cities of Gold

• Marcos receives word that Estevancio had seen large city

• People wore gold jewelry and drank from golden cups

Estevanico

The Search for Cities of Gold

•Angered villagers

•Estevancio killed by the Zunni in 1539

Estevanico

The Search for Cities of Gold

•Fray Marcos moves to high ground to see city

•Saw a city that shined in the distance with buildings that sparkled like gold

The Search for Cities of Gold

•Returned to Mexico

•Spanish officials plan an expedition to claim treasure

Coronado’s Search for Gold

• Francisco Vasquez de Coronado conquistador leader of expedition

• Fray Marcos serves as guide

Coronado’s Expedition

Coronado’s Search for Gold

•Reach Cibola

•No gold found—buildings made of adobe

Coronado Hears of Quivira

•Travels to Tiguex

•Meets an Indian called the Turk

•Told of Quirva—a nearby region where the cities were said to be full of gold

Coronado Travels Through Texas

• Traveled across Panhandle

• Llano Estacado

• Humpbacked cow Buffalo

Coronado Travels Through Texas

•Caprock Escarpment

•Palo Duro Canyon

Palo Duro Canyon

Coronado Travels Through Texas

• Reached “Quivira” in present-day Kansas

• Found only grass huts and corn

Coronado Travels Through Texas

•Story of Quivira a lie to make explorers leave

•Coronado executes the Turk

•1542: Returns to Mexico, expedition seen as a failure

Moscoso Explores East Texas

• Hernando de Soto explores for Cibola to the East

• 2 years exploring SE U.S.

• May 1542: dies of a fever

Hernando de Soto

Moscoso Explores East Texas

•Moscoso Alvarado assumes command

•Finds no treasure, decides to return to Mexico

•Led explorers into East Texas where he met Caddo Indians

Moscoso Explores East Texas

•Returned to the Mississipi River and made boats

•1543: 300 of 600 original explorers reach Mexico

•Expedition considered a failure

Moscoso Explores East Texas

•Spanish had little interest in Texas after failing to find gold

Expedition Goals Results

Fray Marco & Estevanico

Coronado

De Soto-Moscoco