Two Superpowers Two Superpowers Face OffFace Off

17-117-1

Capitalism vs Capitalism vs CommunismCommunism

The Yalta Conference

Churchill Roosevelt Stalin

February, 1945 Free Elections?

The Potsdam Conference

Churchill Truman Stalin

July, 1945 No Elections

The Iron CurtainThe Iron Curtain

Line cutting Line cutting USSR off USSR off from the rest from the rest of the worldof the world

Speech from Speech from Churchill, Churchill, 19461946

United NationsUnited Nations

PeacekeepiPeacekeeping groupng group

Prevent Prevent WWIII WWIII

Berlin, GermanyBerlin, Germany Divided through Divided through

BerlinBerlin

USSR- East USSR- East GermanyGermany

USA- West USA- West GermanyGermany

Containment PolicyContainment Policy

Keep Keep communism communism where it is atwhere it is at

DO NOT DO NOT ALLOW ALLOW Communism Communism to spreadto spread

The Truman DoctrineThe Truman Doctrine

Contain Contain communism communism

Give $ to Give $ to countries countries who resist who resist communismcommunism

The Marshall PlanThe Marshall Plan Secretary of Secretary of

State- George State- George MarshallMarshall

Europe in ruinsEurope in ruins Food, money, Food, money,

supplies to any supplies to any country in country in needneed

The Berlin AirliftThe Berlin Airlift U.S.S.R. puts U.S.S.R. puts

blockade on blockade on West BerlinWest Berlin

Planes landed Planes landed every 3 minutes every 3 minutes for 11 monthsfor 11 months

Blockade lifted Blockade lifted in 1949in 1949

AlliancesAlliances USA and the USA and the

West- North West- North Atlantic Treaty Atlantic Treaty Organization Organization (NATO)(NATO)

Soviet Union Soviet Union and the East- and the East- Warsaw PactWarsaw Pact

BrinkmanshipBrinkmanship Willingness Willingness

to go to to go to brink/edge of brink/edge of warwar

Arms RaceArms Race 1949- Soviets test their own 1949- Soviets test their own

atomic bombatomic bomb 1952 US tests the H- bomb - 1952 US tests the H- bomb -

year later the USSR does the year later the USSR does the samesame

Space RaceSpace Race USSR- 1957- USSR- 1957-

Sputnik – first Sputnik – first satellitesatellite

USA behind – USA behind – 1958 launch 1958 launch satellitesatellite

Race to the Race to the MoonMoon

Laika in Sputnik 2(1957)Laika in Sputnik 2(1957)

““One small step for man, one One small step for man, one giant leap for mankind”giant leap for mankind”

1969- USA 1969- USA lands on lands on MoonMoon

Neil Armstrong and Buzz AldrinNeil Armstrong and Buzz Aldrin

U2 Spy Plane IncidentU2 Spy Plane Incident

1960- High 1960- High flying spy flying spy plane shot plane shot downdown

Gary PowersGary Powers 19 Months- 19 Months-

ReleasedReleased

Berlin WallBerlin Wall

Built By USSR