TURKEY COUNTRY REPORT

MUSTAFA HAKKI AYDOĞDU

Mustafa@urfa.gap.gov.tr

REGIONAL DIRECTORATE OF SOUTHEASTERN ANATOLIA PROJECT ADMINISTRATION

DEMOGRAPHICAL STRUCTURE

• POPULATION (2000) (MILLION)POPULATION (2000) (MILLION):67,8:67,8

• POPULATION GROWTH RATE PER ANNUMPOPULATION GROWTH RATE PER ANNUM:1,8:1,8

LAND RESOURCES

• TOTAL AREA TOTAL AREA :78 mha:78 mha

• ARABLE LANDARABLE LAND :28 mha :28 mha

• ECONOMICALLY IRRIGABALE LANDECONOMICALLY IRRIGABALE LAND :8.5 mha:8.5 mha

• AREA UNDER IRRIGATION (GROSS)AREA UNDER IRRIGATION (GROSS) :4.5mha:4.5mha

Types of farmes, 2001 (%)

engaged only in animal husbandry

%2,36

engaged only in crop production

%30,22

engaged in both activities%67,42

Source: SIS

0,005,00

10,0015,0020,0025,0030,0035,0040,00

Average Size of Parcels (decar) (1994-2003)

WATER RESOURCES

• ANNUAL PRECIPITATION :643 mm

• USEABLE SURFACE WATER :110 Billion m³/year

• USED SURFACE WATER :29.6 Billion m³/year

• ESEABLE UNDER GROUND WATER :12 Billion m³/year

• USED UNDER GROUND WATER :6 Billion m³/year

CTERIA OF WATER RICHEXISTING OF USEABLE WATER>10.000 m3 /person Water rich country10.000-1.600 There is no water problem1.600-1.000 Good management water1.000-500 Need strong precaution in water use

<500 water poor country

TURKEY : 1735 m3 /y/perWORLD AVERAGE : 2150 m3 /y/per

Source:SPO

COUNTRY

WATER POTANTIAL

m3 /person

IRAQ 2020

LEBANON 1300

TURKEY 1735

SYRIA 1200

ASIA (average) 3000

WESTERN EUROPE (average) 5000

AFRICA(average) 7000

WORLD 2150

PER CAPITA USABLE WATER POTANTIAL

Source:SPO

Water consumption by sectors

Irrigation Drinking-Use Industrial Year Total water

consumption 106 m3

Potential use (%)

106 m3 (%) 106 m3 (%) 106 m3 (%) 1990 30,600 28 22,016 72 5,141 17 3,443 11 1992 31,600 29 22,939 73 5,195 16 3,466 11 1998 38,900 35 29,200 75 5,700 15 4,000 10 2000 42,000 38 31,500 75 6,400 15 4,100 10

ACTUAL WATER CONSUMPTION IN TURKEY, 1990-2000

Source: SPO

Water consumption by sectors

Irrigation Drinking-Use IndustrialYearTotal water

consumption106 m3

Potential use(%)

106 m3 (%) 106 m3 (%) 106 m3 (%)1990 30,600 28 22,016 72 5,141 17 3,443 111997 35,645 32 26,415 74 5,520 15 3,710 112000 42,000 38 31,500 75 6,400 15 4,100 102030 110,000 100 71,500 65 25,300 23 13,200 10

WATER CONSUMPTION TREND

IN TURKEY, 1990-2030

Source :SPO

CASE STUDY: SOUHTEASTERN ANATOLIA PROJECT

(GAP)

SYRIA IRAQ

TURKEY

Black Sea

TURKEY GAP GAP/ TR

Area (km2) 780,000 75,000 9.7%

Population (2000) 67’840,000 6’600,000 9.7%

Pop. GrowthRate per ann.(1985 – 1990)(1990 – 2000)

2.2 %1.83 %

3.5 %2.47 %

GAP v. TURKEY

TURKEY GAP GAP/ TR

Area (km2) 780,000 75,000 9.7%

Population (2000) 67’840,000 6’600,000 9.7%

Pop. GrowthRate per ann.(1985 – 1990)(1990 – 2000)

2.2 %1.83 %

3.5 %2.47 %

GAP v. TURKEY

TOTAL AREA*

GAP REGION9.7%

REST 90.3%

ECONOMICALLY IRRIGABLE LAND**PERCENT IN NATIONAL TOTAL

GAP REGION20.0%

REST 80.0%

Resources of GAPLand Potential of the GAP

EUPHRATES17%

E. MEDITERRA.6%

W. BLACK SEA5%

Other 46%

ANTALYA6%

E. BLACK SEA8%

TIGRIS11%

Average Annual Flow in Billion m3

9.9W. BLACK SEA11.1

11.1

14.9

E. MEDITERRA.

ANTALYA

E. BLACK SEA

31.6

86.2

21.3

Other

TIGRIS

EUPHRATES

Resources of GAPWater Supply by Drainage Basin

GAP Water Resources DevelopmentProjects

Total of 22 dams, 19 HPP

1.7 million ha, 7474 MW, 27 billion kWh

EUPHRATES RIVER

1. KARAKAYA Dam/HPP2. Lower Euphrates3. Border Euphrates4. Suruc – Baziki5. Adiyaman – Kahta6. Adiyaman – Göksu – Araban7. Gaziantep

TIGRIS RIVER

1. Dicle - Kralkizi2. Batman3. Batman - Silvan4. Garzan5. Ilısu6. Cizre

Interim

Results of Development

215,080 haIn Operation 12%

179,066 haConstruction 10%

404,421 ha Design Completed 23%

962,438 haPlanning 55%

Status of Irrigation Development

AS OF END 2002

248 MWConstruction 4 %1440 MW

Design Completed 19%

532 MW Planning 7%

5265 MWIn Operation 70 %

Status of Hydropower Development

TOTAL : 7485 MWINSTALLED CAPACITY- AS OF END. 2002

SAMPLE AREA

Since April 1995Harran Plain119,000 ha18,405 land owners112,088 people107 villages

DEVELOPMENT OF HARRAN PLAIN IRRIGATION 1992-2002

Use of water 1.1 billion cubm Change of income 15 million $ 81 million $

5.5 times

# of labour 17,6 h/ha 57,1 h/ha

3,2 times264000 person/day 844800 person/day

BENEFIT OF IRRIGATION IN HARRAN PLAIN

TOTAL AGRICULTURAL VALUE ADDED

TOTAL AGRICULTURAL VALUE ADDED

18

49,8

67,4

100,6

148,8160,1

172,2

113,8125

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

160

180

Before 1996 19971995 1998

Million$ / Year

40,000 (ha)

60,000 (ha)

30,000 (ha)

90,000 (ha)

1999

103 000 (ha)

111 600 (ha)

2000

119 000 (ha)

116 000 (ha)

2001 2002

AGRICULTURAL VALUEADDED PER HECTAR

0

200

400

600

800

1.000

1.200

1.400

1.600

1.800

2.000

Before 1996 19971995 1998

596

1717

15161652

1987

$ / per hektar

Optimal conditions $ 4,350.00

1748

1999

1519

2000

1061 1116

2001 2002