turbine ppt.ppt

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TURBINE&

COOLING SYSTEM.

Presented By – AVIJEET PRATAP

07ME12

IET AGRA



DEFINITION

A Turbine is a Form of Engine Requires a suitable

working fluid in order to function- a source of High

Grade Energy and a Sink for ow Grade energy! "hen

a Fluid Flows through the Turbine #$art of Energy%ontent is %ontinuously E&tracted and %on'erted in to

(seful mechanical "ork.



PRICIPLE OF STEAM TURBINE

Steam turbine deends !"m#ete#y u"n t$e dynami!

a!ti"n "% t$e steam. A!!"rdin& t" 'e(t"n)s se!"nd #a( "% m"ti"n* t$e +,R-E is

r""rti"na# t" t$e rate "% !$an&e "% M,ME'TM /mass e#"!ity. I% t$e rate "%

!$an&e "% m"mentum is !aused in t$e steam by a##"(in& a $i&$ e#"!ity 3et "% steam

t" ass "er !ured b#ade* t$e steam (i## imart a %"r!e t" t$e b#ade. I% t$e b#ade is

%ree* it (i## %ree "%% /r"tate in t$e dire!ti"n "% %"r!e.

T$e steam %r"m t$e b"i#er is eanded in a assa&e "r n"44#e * ($ere duet" %a## in ressure "% steam is !"nerted int" 5ineti! ener&y "% steam 6 t$is 5E "%

steam is !"nerted int" ("r m"in& b#ade

M"in& B#ade

+"r!e 8 m!1 9 m!2

m!1

m!2



TYPES OF TURBINE)n the basis of *rinci*le of o*eration

+m*ulse turbine

Reaction turbine

+m*ulse- Reaction turbine

Impulse Turbine !! +n im*ulse the dro* in *ressure of steam takes

*lace only in no,,le not in mo'ing blades! This is obtained by makingthe blade *assage of constant cross section area it may be noted that

energy transformation takes *lace only in no,,les! .o'ing blades only

cause energy transfer!

X

X

X



Re!"i#n "urbine/-$ressure dro* take *lace in rotor 0.!1!2! Energy

transformation takes *lace in rotor! Energy transfer only inrotor!

Impulse$ Re!"i#n "urbine/-+n this turbine dro* in *ressure of steam takes

*lace in fi&ed blade as well as mo'ing blade! +t may benoted that energy transformation occur in both fi&ed blade mo'ing blade! The rotor blade cause energy transfer energy transformation!



COMPOUNDING

C#mp#un%in #' Impulse "urbine /-

)ne row of no,,les followed by one row of bladesis called a stage of turbines! %om*ounding is amethod for reducing the rotational s*eed of the

im*ulse turbine to *ractical limit! 1oiler *ressuredown to condenser *ressure in a single stages sohigh R$. large diameter of turbine!

T(ree ")pe #' !#mp#un%in $ressure com*ounding

3elocity com*ounding

$r 'elocity com*ounding



B,I:ER

STEAM SPP:;

-R< <R<

-,'=E'SER -,'=E'SER

><P IP :P9A :P9B G



CROSS SECTIONAL *IE+ OF TURBINE



!

COOLING

SYSTEM



CIRCULATING WATER SYSTEM

+4TR)5(%T+)4

! %irculating "ater system su**lies cooling water to the

turbine condenser! !

• +t is used to maintain the 'acuum in the condenser!



Ty*es of %irculating water system

6! )*en or )nce Through

+t is used when there is a large source of water

a'ailable!

e!g!- ri'er # ocean!

7! %losed %ooling system

+n this system# warm water from condenser is*assed through a cooling de'ice# like cooling tower!



-"ndenser

+i#ter

-?

Pum

-"ndensate

Pum

-"ndensate

<"t (ater

Rier

Open or Once Through

E$aust Stem %r"m Turbine



Mae u (ater

%r"m rier

-?

Pum

-"ndensate

Pum

-"ndenser

E$aust Stem %r"m Turbine

-""#in& (ater

-"ndensate

t" b"i#er

<"t air <"t (ater

-""#in& T"(er

Closed Cooling syse!



%ooling tower

• +t cools the warm water discharged from the

condenser feed the cool water back to the

condenser!

• +t reduces the cooling water demand in the *ower

*lant!



Types of cooling tower

6! 4atural 5raught %ooling Tower

7! .echanical 5raught %ooling Tower A! Forced 5raught %ooling Tower

1! +nduced 5raught %ooling Tower



osses in cooling tower

6! E'a*oration osses

7! 5rift osses

8! 1lowdown osses



January @* 201@

LUBE OIL SYSTEM



TURBINE LUBE OIL SYSTEM TURBINE LUBE OIL SYSTEM

1.FLOW DIAGRAM OF LUBE OIL SYSTEM

2.NECESSITY OF LUBE OIL SYSTEM

3.COMPONENTS OF LUBE OIL SYSTEM

4.FUNCTIONS OF INDIVIDUAL

COMPONENTS OIL

5.FLOW TO DIFFERENT BRANCHES

6.FIRE PROTECTIONS



• Lub!"#$!%& ' To supplies oil to the bearing to form a film

of oil as the shaft rotates.

• T()*(#$u( "%&$%+ ' To maintain temperature of the

bearing.

• S(#+!&, )(-!u) ' To the prevent H2 leak out along the

Generator shaft.

• #"/!&, %0 #0$ ' Supply to jacking device.

January @* 201@



COMPONENTS OF LUBE OIL SYSTEM COMPONENTS OF LUBE OIL SYSTEM

T( $() )#!&+ "%&!$ %0 M#!& %!+ *u)* BOP

)#!& %!+ $#&/ AC +ub!"#&$ *u)* DC ()(,(&" %!+

*u)*MSP *!++ #+( %!+ "%%+( T#&0( #+( %!+

)%/( (*##$% #0$ #"/!&, u* -(!"( %!+ -%,(&

(*##$% %!+ +((+ !&-!"#$% # 7(++ # "%&&("$!&, +!&(

)%&!$%!&, !&$u)(&$ ($".



The oil tank adopts a combination mode as variousdevices allocated on the tank as

• AC +ub( %!+ *u)*

• DC ()(,(&" %!+ *u)*• O!+ )%/( (*##$%

• O!+ +((+ !&-!"#$%

• E+("$!" (#$(

• S*!++ #+(• BOP

• MSP

January @* 201@



+4TR)5(%T+)4

Hydrogen is used for the cooling of generator rotor. Hydrogen

is so much explosive when it come into contact with air . Tosave this hydrogen from explosion we need sealing of this

hydrogen. For this purpose we generally use oil. This sealing

is very much similar to sealing of the pump on its gland.

SEA )+ S9STE.



• Providing seal oil to a sealing continuously

• Prevent the escape of hydrogen gas from the generator

at the point of rotor exit . A continuous film between the

rotor collar and seal liner is maintaining by means of oil ata pressure which is slightly above then hydrogen pressure.

The functions of the seal oilcontrol system



STATOR +ATER COOLING

SYSTEM

F(4%T+)4The Stator %oil %ooling "ater System main function

is to guarantee cooling water uninterru*ted flow

into stator coil! At the same time# the system

also must control enter the stator coil water

*ressure # flow# tem*erature# conducti'ity



System consists of

7 .otor dri'en *um*s#

7 %oolers#

7 Filters and

6 mi&ed 1ed ty*e +on E&changer!



EE ! Gen.EE ! Gen. Teflon tubesTeflon tubes

E"citation EndE"citation End

#old $ater enter #old $ater enter

Turbine endTurbine end

Hot $ater output toHot $ater output to

E"pansion tank E"pansion tank

E"pansionE"pansion

tank tank

%inding%inding TE of GenTE of Gen

Generator Generator

turbine ppt.ppt

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