t.sharon-a.frank 1 internet resources discovery (ird) types of digital libraries
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T.Sharon-A.Frank1
Internet Resources Discovery (IRD)
Types of
Digital Libraries
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T.Sharon-A.Frank2
Contents
Types of DLsComparisonsAdditional Aspects
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Sample list of Digital Libraries
• LOC - Library of Congress American Memory (http://memory.loc.gov/ammem/)
• NSDL - National Science DL (http://nsdl.org)• IPL - Internet Public Library (http://www.ipl.org)
• CDL - California DL (http://www.cdlib.org)
• ADL – Alexandria DL (http://www.alexandria.ucsb.edu)• BL - British Library (http://www.bl.uk/)• NZDL – New Zealand DL (http://www.nzdl.org/)
• Einstein Archives Online (http://www.alberteinstein.info/)
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Types of DLs
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Basic SE (BSE)
Meta SE (MSE)
Popularity SE (PSE)
Stand Alone DL (SDL)
Harvested DL (HDL)
Federated DL (FDL)
Digital Library
(DL)Search Engine
(SE)Directory
(Catalog, Guide, Subject Gateway)
Web Repositories Hierarchy
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Types of DLs
• Stand-alone Digital Library (SDL) – also self-contained, several collections
• Federated Digital Library (FDL)– also confederated, networked
• Harvested Digital Library (HDL)– also distributed
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Exemplary Digital Libraries• Stand Alone DL (SDL)
•Library of Congress (LC) and National Digital Library(NDL)
•Internet Public Library (IPL)
•Snunit
• Federated DL (FDL)•Networked Computer Science Technical Reference
Library (NCSTRL)
•Online Computer Library Center (OCLC)
• Harvested DL (HDL)•SourceBank (http://www.sourcebank.com/)
•ArticleCentral.com! (http://www.articlecentral.com/ ) •Harvest/Katsir, OAI
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Virtual (Symbolic) (VDL)
MetadataOriented
Several SDL
(General)
Collection
General VDL
Specialty
VDLLibrary Index
Weblog
List
Real (Physical) Self-contained (SDL)
Data-Objects Oriented
Single SDL
(Specialty)
Collection
Stand-Alone (SDL)Stand-Alone (SDL)
First Generation Digital Libraries
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Stand-alone Digital Library (SDL)
• A regular DL
• Usually localized on server/LAN
• Self-contained material:– edited/generated
– scanned/digitized
– purchased
• Single or Several digital collections
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Federated Digital Library (FDL)
• Contains many autonomous libraries
• Usually heterogeneous repositories
• Connected via a network
• Forms a virtual library
• Unified/Transparent user interface
The major problem is interoperability
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Harvested Digital Library (HDL)
• Harvests digital objects, not full DLs.
• Objects harvested into metadata (protocol was Harvest/SOIF, nowadays OAI).
• Does not have to contain objects, just metadata/summaries.
• But has regular DL characteristics.
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SDL vs. HDL
Single Digital Library Harvested Digital Library
Items Origin Purchased/Digitized Gathered
Items Location Local/Networked Scattered
Material Items+Catalog Catalog
Repository Size Large Small
Update Medium Fast/Dynamic
CompositionMethod
Interoperability Inherent
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References• Academic Info: Digital Library http://
www.academicinfo.net/digital.html• Moving to the Electronic Library
http://www.sims.berkeley.edu/courses/is101/s96/elib.html• Digital Library Definition (ARL at DL SunSITE) http://
sunsite.berkeley.edu/ARL/definition.html• Digital library scope http://www.dlib.org/metrics/public/papers/dig-lib-scope.html• What are Digital Libraries
http://www.clir.org/pubs/issues/issues04.html#dlf• UIUC DLI Glossary http://dli.grainger.uiuc.edu/glossary.htm• Digital Libraries: A selected Resource Guide
http://www.lita.org/ital/1603_klemperer.htm