truth & the da vinci code review what were the forces that prompted church leaders to seek...

Truth & The Da Vinci CodeTruth & The Da Vinci CodeReview

What were the forces that prompted church leaders to seek consensus on a Canon?

What were the criteria for the Canon?Apostolic Origin

General acceptance by the churches

Orthodoxy of content consistent with Apostolic Teaching

By what time period were the New Testament Books Written?

The end of the 1st Century

Truth & The Da Vinci CodeTruth & The Da Vinci CodeCreation of the NT Canon

Marcion AD 140

Luke

Romans1 & 2 CorGalatiansEphesiansColossians1 & 2 Thess

Philemon

Muratorian CanonAD 170Matthew

Mark LukeJohn


1 & 2 TimothyTitus

PhilemonHebrewsJames

1 & 2 Peter1, 2, 3 John

JudeRevelation

IrenaeusAD 170

MatthewMark LukeJohn


1 & 2 TimothyTitus


1 & 2 Peter1, 2, 3 John

JudeRevelation

OrigenAD 240



1 & 2 TimothyTitus


1 & 2 Peter1, 2, 3 John

JudeRevelation


Matthew to be sure and Mark and john as well as Luke only four Gospels are recognized. From these the doctrines concerning the person of our Lord and Savior are to be derived. I know a certain gospel which is called The Gospel according to Thomas and a Gospel according to Matthias, and many others have we read - lest we should in any way be considered ignorant because of those who imagine that they posses some knowledge if they are acquainted with

these. Nevertheless, among all these we have approved solely what the church has recognized, which is that only the four Gospels should be

accepted.From Origen’s Homily on Luke


Marcion AD 140

Luke


Philemon


Mark LukeJohn


1 & 2 TimothyTitus


1 & 2 Peter1, 2, 3 John

JudeRevelation

IrenaeusAD 170



1 & 2 TimothyTitus


1 & 2 Peter1, 2, 3 John

JudeRevelation

OrigenAD 240



1 & 2 TimothyTitus


1 & 2 Peter1, 2, 3 John

JudeRevelation


Marcion AD 140

Luke


Philemon


Mark LukeJohn


1 & 2 TimothyTitus


1 & 2 Peter1, 2, 3 John

JudeRevelation

IrenaeusAD 170



1 & 2 TimothyTitus


1 & 2 Peter1, 2, 3 John

JudeRevelation

Origen/EusebiusAD 240/ AD 325



1 & 2 TimothyTitus


1 & 2 Peter1, 2, 3 John

JudeRevelation

AthanasiusAD 367



1 & 2 TimothyTitus


1 & 2 Peter1, 2, 3 John

JudeRevelation


These are the fountains of salvation, that he who thirsts may be satisfied with the living words they contain. In these alone the teaching of godliness is proclaimed. Let no one add to these; let nothing be taken away from them. For concerning these the Lord put to shame the Sadducees, and said, Ye do err, not

knowing the Scriptures.


The Third Council of Carthage AD 397

Canon 24. Besides the canonical Scriptures, nothing shall be read in church under the name of divine Scriptures.

Moreover, the canonical Scriptures are these: Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers, Deuteronomy, Joshua, Judges, Ruth, the four books of the Kings,

the two books of Chronicles, Job, the Psalms of David, five books of Solomon, the book of the Twelve [minor] Prophets, Isaiah, Jeremiah,

Ezekiel, Daniel, Tobias, Judith, Esther, the two books of Ezra, and the two books of the Maccabees.

The books of the New Testament: the Gospels, four books; the Acts of the Apostles, one book; the epistles of the apostle Paul, thirteen; of the same to

the Hebrews, one epistle; of Peter, two; of John the apostle, three; of James, one; of Jude, one; the Revelation of John.


The canon is amplified and expounded on, not created by, the councils of the 4th century. It is simply the final outcome of the early collection and preservation of authoritative and apostolic documents.

Truth & The Da Vinci CodeTruth & The Da Vinci CodeConstantine and the Council of Nicea

Constantine ruled as Emperor from AD 313-

337


“He said that about noon, when the day was already beginning to decline, he saw with his own eyes the trophy of a cross of light in the heavens, above the sun, and bearing

the inscription, CONQUER BY THIS. At this sight he himself was struck with amazement, and his whole army also, which followed him on this expedition, and

witnessed the miracle.” Eusebius, The Life of the Blessed Emperor Constantine

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Arian Controversy

Constantine and the Council of Nicea

There was a time when [the Son] was not.

The Council of Nicea AD 325

I believe... in one Lord Jesus Christ, the only-begotten Son of God, begotten of the Father before all worlds; God of God, Light of Light, very God of very God; begotten, not made, being of one substance with the Father, by whom all things were made.

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“The fact that the New Testament writings were preserved is itself a testimony to the de facto canonical authority which they exercised more

or less from the first. In short, the New Testament canon was not so much decreed as acknowledged. The New Testament writings were

hailed as canonical in recognition of the authority they had been exercising from the first and in steadily widening circles since then. It

is not the church that determines the gospel, but the gospel which determines the church.” James Dunn, “Has the Canon a Continuing

Function” in The Canon Debate

Constantine and the Council of Nicea

truth & the da vinci code review what were the forces that prompted church leaders to seek...

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