truancy case management handbook: advice from the field

7/30/2019 Truancy Case Management Handbook: Advice From the Field

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/truancy-case-management-handbook-advice-from-the-field 1/60

Zr|cfaw Acql Ncfc`lnlfz Hcfjbooe=

Cjygal iron zhl Iglkj

Fczgofck Alfzlr ior Qahook Lf`c`lnlfz

Mcf|crw+ 2440

Cf gfgzgczgyl oi zhl Aokorcjo Io|fjczgof ior Icngkglq cfj Ahgkjrlf

141 L& 30zh

Cylf|l+ Q|gzl :44 Jlfylr+ AO 84241

141/810.8:99

ppp&qahooklf`c`lnlfz&or`



Zcbkl oi Aofzlfzq

NLZHOJQ&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& 3

CJYGAL IRON ZHL IGLKJ&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& 1

TRO@RCN JLQARGTZGOFQ&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& <

MCAEQOFYGKKL+ IK& ZR\CFAW CRBGZRCZGOF TRO@RCN &&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& < HO\QZOF ZR\CFAW RLJ\AZGOF JLNOFQZRCZGOF TROMLAZ&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& 0 ZHL CZ RGQE WO\ZH TRO@RCN+ EGF@ AO\FZW Q\TLRGOR AO\RZ+ M\YLFGKL QLRYGALQ JGYGQGOF&&&&&&&&& 34 ZKA IOR AHGKJRLF CFJ ICNGKGLQ+ GFA&+ OKCZHL+ ECFQCQ &&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& 3: ACKGIORFGC QAHOOK CZZLFJCFAL RLYGLP BOCRJQ&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& 3< GQCFZG AO\FZW+ NF ZR\CFAW TROBCZGOF OIIGALR TRO@RCN &&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& 30 TROMLAZ RLQTLAZ ZR\CFAW RLJ\AZGOF TRO@RCN+ T\LBKO+ AO &&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& 24

Q\AALQQ QZORGLQ&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& 21

CFZHOFW &&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& 21 ZWRLKK &&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& 2< MOQH &&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& 20 MLRLNW &&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& 28

CNW &&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& 14 NCRE&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& 12 NCKCWC &&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& 1: C]G]C &&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& 1< Q\L= ZHL TOPLR OI C HONL YGQGZ&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& 19 JWKCF &&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& 10 RCFJW &&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& 18 KCAW &&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& 17 NCRGQQC &&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& :3 CKLX &&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& :1 CF@LKC &&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& :: BCGKLW &&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& :< FGEGZC&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& :0

ZOFW&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& :7 ZRCAW &&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& <4 FCONG&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& <2 BRGCF&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& <:

ZOFW= AOFZRCAZ LXCNTKL &&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& <9



3

Nlzhojq

Cro|fj zhl ao|fzrw+ qahook cjngfgqzrczorq+ ao|fqlkorq cfj zlcahlrq+ m|ylfgkl ao|rz

tlrqofflk cfj aonn|fgzw nlnblrq crl poregf` zo qzcrz or gntroyl zr|cfaw rlj|azgof

tro`rcnq& Ckzho|`h zhlrl gq fo qgf`kl blqz nojlk+ c elw aontoflfz oi ncfw q|aalqqi|k

tro`rcnq gq zhl acql ncfc`lnlfz zhcz hlktq zo rlylck cfj q|rno|fz zhl |fjlrkwgf`

ahckklf`lq zo ro|zgfl qahook czzlfjcfal& Gf zhl Ickk oi 244<+ Zhl Fczgofck Alfzlr ior

Qahook Lf`c`lnlfz (FAQL qokgagzlj aofzrgb|zgofq gf zhl iorn oi tro`rcn jlqargtzgofq+

`lflrck cjygal+ cfj qtlagiga acql qz|jglq oi q|aalqqi|k qz|jlfzq iron zpo `ro|tq oi acql

ncfc`lrq& Igrqz+ cq tcrz oi zhl Oiigal oi M|ylfgkl M|qzgal cfj Jlkgfs|lfaw Trlylfzgof‗q

(OMMJT Zr|cfaw Rlj|azgof Jlnofqzrczgof Tro`rcn Lyck|czgof+ acql ncfc`lrq ior zhrll

oi zhl i|fjlj tro`rcnq plrl cqelj ior zhlgr aofzrgb|zgofq& Qlaofj+ FAQL toqzlj c

qokgagzczgof of zhl zr|cfaw kgqzqlry3

ior cfwofl pho po|kj kgel zo aofzrgb|zl& C iorncz

o|zkgfl caaontcfglj bozh rls|lqzq cfj gq rltroj|alj gf Cttlfjgx C& Cq c rlq|kz oi zhlql

gfs|grglq pl rlalgylj tro`rcn jlqargtzgofq cfj `lflrck cjygal iron qlylf tro`rcnq

otlrczgf` gf qlylf qzczlq& Acql ncfc`lrq pho pore ior zhlql tro`rcnq q|bngzzlj

zplfzw.zpo acql qz|jglq&

Zhgq Zr|cfaw Acql Ncfc`lnlfz Hcfjbooe gq gfzlfjlj zo hlkt acql ncfc`lrq

klcrf phcz gq poregf` ior zhlgr aokklc`|lq zo cgj zhln gf gntroygf` zhlgr opf trcazgal&

Zhl Hcfjbooe gq or`cfg}lj gfzo zhrll qlazgofq& ‛Cjygal iron zhl Iglkj„ gq c q|nncrw oi

elw rlaonnlfjczgofq cfj gfqg`hzq `klcflj iron zhl q|bngqqgofq+ cfj gq zhl ofkw

q|bqzcfzgyl tcrz oi zhgq rltorz prgzzlf bw FAQL qzcii& Togfzq gfak|jlj gf zhgq qlazgof plrl

3 Gf orjlr zo q|bqargbl zo zhl kgqzqlry+ `o zo ppp&qahooklf`c`lnlfz&or`+ akgae of zhl zcb ackklj Mogf O|r

Flzpore+ cfj iokkop zhl jgrlazgofq zo qg`f |t ior zhl kgqzqlry& Ckk crl plkaonl&



2

ncjl bw cz klcqz zpo+ cfj `lflrckkw norl+ oi zhl acql ncfc`lrq& ‛Tro`rcn Jlqargtzgofq„

gfak|jlq bcqga gfiornczgof cbo|z hop lcah tro`rcn otlrczlq+ cfj c `lflrck cjygal

qlazgof prgzzlf bw c tro`rcn klcjlr& ‛Acql Qz|jglq„ gfak|jlq lcah oi zhl zplfzw.zpo acql

qz|jglq& Phgkl rlncgfgf` kowck zo zhl nlcfgf` cfj gfzlfz oi lcah aofzrgb|zor+ lcah tglal

hcq bllf ljgzlj ior `rcnncr cfj akcrgzw+ cfj+ gf orjlr zo trozlaz zhl aofigjlfzgckgzw oi zhl

qz|jlfzq cfj zhlgr icngkglq+ qz|jlfzq‗ fcnlq crl ahcf`lj cfj acql ncfc`lrq‗ fcnlq

jlklzlj iron zhl gfjgygj|ck qzorglq& Pl po|kj kgel zo zhcfe zhl iokkopgf` acql ncfc`lrq

cfj tro`rcn jgrlazorq ior zcegf` zhl zgnl zo aofzrgb|zl zo zhgq joa|nlfz=

Ahrgqzgcf Cfjlrqof . Gqcfzg Ao|fzw+ NF

Qzlthcfgl Bcrzhokonlp ‑ Okcgzh+ EQ

Wokcfjc Ahcntgof ‑ Mcaeqofygkkl+ IK

Qhlkklw @rcfz ‑ Mcaeqofygkkl+ IK

Q|qcfc Hlrrlrc ‑ Ho|qzof+ ZX

Bcrbcrc Egf` ‑ Qlczzkl+ PC

Jcygj Eottlr|j ‑ AC

Zlrrg Ncrzgfl}.Na@rcp ‑ T|lbko+ AO

Cjcn Nwlrq ‑ Qlczzkl+ PC

Jcpf Fcffgfg ‑ Qlczzkl+ PC

Ecrg Qgntqof ‑ Okcgzh+ EQ

Mcf Qokonof ‑ Qlczzkl+ PC

Mlrlnw Aropl ‑ Qlczzkl+ PC



:

• Phgkl c hg`h qahook jgtkonc qho|kj bl `ock ior noqz qz|jlfzq+ rlao`fg}lzhcz ior qonl+ zhl blqz otzgof ncw bl c @LJ&

Rlkczgofqhgtq pgzh icngkglq cfj qz|jlfzq=

• Ckpcwq gfak|jl icngkglq&

• Tronozl aonn|fgaczgof pgzhgf icngkw&

• Honl ygqgzq crl gfyck|cbkl ior |faoylrgf` |fjlrkwgf` ahckklf`lq zhlqz|jlfz icalq&

• Ior lcah oi zhl qz|jlfzq cbo|z phon acql ncfc`lrq prozl+ zhlrl lxgqz

qg`fgigacfz ahckklf`lq rl`crjgf` honl kgil+ nlfzck hlckzh gqq|lq or bozh&

• Kgqzlf&

• Bl aofqgqzlfz&

• Bl rlqtlazi|k&

• Zrw foz zo tcqq m|j`nlfz+ cfj ioa|q of zhl icngkw‗q qzrlf`zhq&

Pcrfgf`q=

• Jo foz jo qo n|ah ior c icngkw zhcz wo| blaonl c ar|zah&

• Qhop qz|jlfzq wo| crl irglfjkw cfj wo| acrl pgzho|z blgf` oylrkw

icngkgcr&



<

Tro`rcn Jlqargtzgofq

Mcaeqofygkkl+ Ik& Zr|cfaw Crbgzrczgof Tro`rcn

3& @lflrck Tro`rcn Bcae`ro|fj Gfiornczgof=

c& Zhl iokkopgf` gfiornczgof gq ior zhl Mcaeqofygkkl+ Ik& Zr|cfaw Crbgzrczgof Tro`rcn(ZCT bcqlj cz zhl Qzczl Czzorflw‗q Oiigal& Zhl tro`rcn jgrlazor gq Qhlkklw @rcfz cfjzhl acql ncfc`lr gq Wokcfjc Ahcntgof&

b& ZCT troygjlq qlrygalq zo tcrlfzq cfj qz|jlfzq& Ckk icngkglq rlalgyl acqlncfc`lnlfz& Zhl acql ncfc`lr hcq zhl actcagzw zo nofgzor czzlfjcfal+ aofj|az honl

cfj qahook ygqgzq cfj zo cqqgqz zhl icngkw gf cfw ozhlr pcw toqqgbkl& ZCT ckqo acf tcw ior

zhl icngkw zo rlalgyl ao|fqlkgf`+ rlaonnlfj ior zhl ahgkj zo rlalgyl z|zorgf` or ior zhl

tcrlfz zo rlalgyl tcrlfzgf` akcqqlq& Zhl acql ncfc`lr acf ckqo kgfe zhl icngkw zo ozhlrqoagck qlrygalq gi flljlj&

a& Pl qlryl ahgkjrlf pho hcyl rlcahlj zhl c`l oi 9 wlcrq okj or pgkk bl z|rfgf` 9wlcrq okj bw Ilb& 3qz oi cfw qahook wlcr+ b|z hcyl foz rlcahlj zhl c`l oi 39 (9.3< wlcrq

okj& Ior zhl 244:.244< qahook wlcr+ `lfjlr gq m|qz cbo|z lylfkw qtkgz pgzh :0, nckl cfj

<1, ilnckl& Zhgrzw. lg`hz tlralfz oi zhl qz|jlfzq crl phgzl+ <0 , crl Cirgacf Cnlrgacf+cfj 9, crl oi cfozhlr fczgofckgzw& Zhl ncmorgzw oi zhl qz|jlfzq crl of irll or rlj|alj

k|fah phgah gfjgaczlq kop gfaonlq&

j& G zrw zo ò o|z gf zhl iglkj cz klcqz 2 ¾ jcwq c plle zo jo honl ygqgzq& Phlf G‗n

foz gf zhl iglkj+ G‗n of zhl thofl pgzh nw qz|jlfzq‗ tcrlfzq+ cfj zhlw gfiorn nl phw

zhlgr ahgkj jgjf‗z czzlfj qahook zhcz jcw or c jcw pgzhgf zhcz plle& G fornckkw hcyl 244.2<4 acqlq otlf cz c zgnl& Zhl acqlq zhcz crl hg`h rgqe rlalgyl gfzlfqgyl acql ncfc`lnlfz

phgah gfak|jlq thofl ackkq+ honl ygqgzq+ cfj qahook ygqgzq or aofilrlfalq cq flljlj&Phlf ygqgzgf` tcrlfzq+ G‗n zhlrl ior cbo|z cf ho|r cfj qonlzgnlq kof`lr jltlfjgf` ofzhl qgz|czgof& Gf Mcaeqofygkkl+ tcrlfzq oi zr|cfz qz|jlfzq ncw bl crrlqzlj ior lj|aczgofck

fl`klaz& Tcrlfzq crl zwtgackkw hlkj gf mcgk j|rgf` ofl qahook jcw iokkopgf` cf crrlqz& G zrw

zo hlkt zhl tcrlfzq of nw acqlkocj cyogj crrlqz+ b|z gi zhlw jo foz aootlrczl cfj zhlgrahgkj‗q czzlfjcfal jolq foz gntroyl+ G hcyl fo ahogal b|z zo rlaonnlfj troqla|zgof&

2& Wo|r cjygal zo acql ncfc`lrq=

c& Phcz zo jo&&&lxcntklq

g& Cjygql acql ncfc`lrq zo zrw cfj ellt zhlgr acql kocj cz 04.0< acqlq cfj zhgq

pcw wo| crl cbkl zo bl norl liilazgyl gf poregf` pgzh wo|r tcrlfzq+ bw blgf` cbkl zo

nofgzor norl irls|lfzkw+ bliorl c acql blaonlq hg`h.rgqe& Zhgq ng`hz ckqo ckkop wo| zoqtlfj zgnl pgzh icngkglq ioa|qgf` foz ofkw zhl bcj+ b|z ckqo zhl òoj+ blac|ql zhlql

tcrlfzq fllj zhcz lxzrc q|ttorz tlrqof pgzh c òoj kgqzlfgf` lcr&

gg& Iorngf` rlkczgofqhgtq pgzh aonn|fgzw c`lfaglq tkcwq cf gntorzcfz rokl gfrlj|agf` zr|cfaw& Gi wo| acf `lz wo|r Qahook Q|tlrgfzlfjlfz+ Qhlrgii‗q Oiigal+ Qzczl

Czzorflw‗q Oiigal+ cfj qoagck qlrygal c`lfaglq gfyokylj+ zhlf agzg}lfq ncw qll klqq argnl

blgf` aonngzzlj bw m|ylfgklq (qtlagigackkw jcwzgnl rlqgjlfzgck b|r`kcrglq cfj ilplrjroto|zq iron wo|r qahook qwqzln&



9

Zhl qahookq n|qz igrqz gjlfzgiw zhl zr|cfz ahgkj cfj zhlf troallj pgzh cf gfgzgckqahook bcqlj gfzlrylfzgof cfj+ gi troylf |fq|aalqqi|k+ rlilr zhl acql zo zhl cttrotrgczl

c`lfaw (lx& c`lfaw zhcz pore pgzh egjq pho crl |fòylrfcbkl cfj acf bl hlkj

caao|fzcbkl ior zhlgr opf cazgofq or zo zhl Qzczl Czzorflw‗q Oiigal+ phlrl zhl tcrlfz acfbl hlkj caao|fzcbkl& Zhl Qzczl Czzorflw‗q Oiigal gq hlrl zo gfzlrylfl gf zrwgf` zo `lz zhcz

tcrlfz gfyokylj gf zhlgr ahgkjrlf‗q qahookgf`& Zhl Qhlrgii‗q Oiigal‗q tczrok oiigalrq acftgae |t ckk zhl zr|cfzq zhcz zhlw qll j|rgf` qahook ho|rq cfj jlkgylr zhln zo flcrbwngjjkl or hg`h qahookq or zr|cfaw alfzlrq& Zhl tlrqofflk zhlrl acf aofzcaz zhl tcrlfz zo

aonl cfj tgae zhcz qz|jlfz |t& Zhl tcrlfz gq blgf` ncjl cpcrl zhcz zhlrl gq c trobkln

zhcz flljq zo bl cjjrlqqlj& Ao|fqlkgf` qlrygalq aonl gfzo tkcw zo cjjrlqq |fòylrfcbkl

blhcygor cfj gi c tcrlfz illkq icngkw ao|fqlkgf` po|kj bl blfligagck& Pgzh lylrwoflaokkcborczgf` cfj aongf` zo`lzhlr cq ofl+ cz rgqe ahgkjrlf rlz|rf zo qahook cfj jlkgfs|lfz

cazgygzw jlarlcqlq&

b&' Phcz foz zo jo&&&&lxcntkl

g& Jo ofkw phcz gq flalqqcrw ior c icngkw blac|ql phlf wo| ò cboyl cfj

blwofj+ zhlw blaonl jltlfjlfz of wo| cfj gz gq hcrj zo `lz zhln o|z oi zhcz ircnl oi ngfj& Wo| jof‗z pcfz zhln zo illk cq zho|`h zhlw fllj c ar|zah zo klcf of zo `lz zhln

zhro|`h qgz|czgofq& Zhlw fllj zo bl zc|`hz zo hcfjkl qonl qgz|czgofq of zhlgr opf&



0

Ho|qzof Zr|cfaw Rlj|azgof Jlnofqzrczgof Tromlaz

@lflrck tro`rcn bcae`ro|fj

Zhl @|kizof Zr|cfaw Rlj|azgof Jlnofqzrczgof Tromlaz pcq i|fjlj bw zhl Oiigal oi

M|ylfgkl M|qzgal cfj Jlkgfs|lfaw Trlylfzgof zo rlj|al zr|cfaw zhro|`h lcrkw

gjlfzgigaczgof+ cqqlqqnlfz cfj gfzlrylfzgof+ gntroyl m|ylfgkl cfj tcrlfzck caao|fzcbgkgzw+cfj gfarlcql aonn|fgzw cpcrlflqq cfj lj|aczgof aofalrfgf` zr|cfaw&

Zhl Tromlaz troygjlq c aontrlhlfqgyl zr|cfaw rlj|azgof cfj trlylfzgof tro`rcn ior zhl

@|kizof Aonn|fgzw& Qlrygalq gfak|jl=

o Aontrlhlfqgyl T|bkga Cpcrlflqq cfj Lj|aczgof O|zrlcah Acntcg`f

Troygjl bgkgf`|ck zr|cfaw cpcrlflqq/trlylfzgof trlqlfzczgofq zo

qz|jlfz cfj tcrlfz `ro|tq cfj crlc b|qgflqqlq cfj ctcrznlfz ncfc`lrq

Tronozl zhl Wo|zh Pczah Acntcg`f+ jgqzrgb|zl zr|cfaw toqzlrq cfj

aofj|az aonn|fgzw zrcgfgf`q of zr|cfaw kcpq cfj rltorzgf` zr|cfz

wo|zh

T|bkgqh crzgaklq of zr|cfaw kcpq cfj aofqls|lfalq gf koack bgkgf`|ckflpqtctlrq

o Lcrkw Gjlfzgigaczgof+ Cqqlqqnlfz cfj Gfzlrylfzgof Acql Ncfc`lnlfz Qlrygalq Honl ygqgzczgof tro`rcn aofj|azlj bw Ho|qzof Tokgal Oiigalrq ior

lcrkw gfzlrylfzgof pgzh zr|cfz wo|zh cfj zhlgr icngkglq

Gjlfzgiw rlkczlj flljq oi zr|cfz wo|zh cfj icngkglq cfj troygjlrlilrrckq zo qoagck qlrygalq

Gntklnlfz cf gfalfzgyl tro`rcn ior tcrzgagtczgf` qz|jlfzq

Troygjl qlng.nofzhkw lj|aczgofck poreqhotq zo tcrzgagtczgf` qz|jlfzq

Troygjl c |fgylrqgzw acnt|q zo|r ior tcrzgagtczgf` qz|jlfzq

o M|ylfgkl cfj Tcrlfzck Caao|fzcbgkgzw ior Zr|cfaw

Tronozl t|bkga cpcrlflqq oi zhl kcpq cfj aofqls|lfalq oi zr|cfzblhcygor

Gfarlcql tcrlfzck gfyokylnlfz bw aokkcborczgf` pgzh zhl zcr`lz qahook‗q

Tcrlfzck Gfyokylnlfz Qtlagckgqz Gqq|l pcrfgf` fozgalq cfj zr|cfaw agzczgofq cfj rlilr tcrzgagtczgf`

qz|jlfzq zo zhl M|ylfgkl Caao|fzcbgkgzw Ao|rz Tro`rcn

Zhl tromlaz qzrczl`w gq gntklnlfzlj gf zhrll thcqlq= Czzlfjcfal+ Rlilrrck cfj

Lfioralnlfz& Zhl |fgs|lflqq oi zhl qzrczl`w ckkopq kcp lfioralnlfz+ qahook oiigagckq

cfj agzw lntkowllq zo aokkcborczl zo rlj|al zr|cfaw zhro|`h lcrkw gjlfzgigaczgof+cqqlqqnlfz cfj gfzlrylfzgof+ cq plkk cq gntroyl m|ylfgkl cfj tcrlfzck caao|fzcbgkgzw& ZhlZr|cfaw Rlj|azgof Tromlaz hcq ckqo gntklnlfzlj c aontrlhlfqgyl t|bkga cpcrlflqq cfj

o|zrlcah acntcg`f jlqg`flj zo lj|aczl zhl `lflrck t|bkga cbo|z zr|cfaw kcpq cz qoagck

qlrygal troygjlr cfj b|qgflqq or`cfg}czgof nllzgf`q+ cfj aonn|fgzw lylfzq+ gf cjjgzgofzo troygjgf` zr|cfaw cpcrlflqq cfj trlylfzgof trlqlfzczgofq& Zhl @|kizof Zr|cfaw

Rlj|azgof Jlnofqzrczgof Tromlaz gq otlrczlj bw zhl Agzw oi Ho|qzof Ncwor‗q Cfzg.@cf`



8

Oiigal cfj hcq jlylkotlj c tcrzflrqhgt blzpllf zhl Ho|qzof Tokgal Jltcrznlfz+ zhl Agzwoi Ho|qzof N|fgagtck Ao|rzq+ cfj zhl Ho|qzof Gfjltlfjlfz Qahook Jgqzrgaz&

Ho|qzof‗q @|kizof flg`hborhooj gq c jlfqlkw tot|kczlj 1&2 qs|crl ngkl ctcrznlfzaonn|fgzw phlrl c ncmorgzw oi gzq rlqgjlfzq crl gnng`rcfzq& @|kizof aofqgqzlfzkw hcq ofl

oi zhl hg`hlqz argnl rczlq gf zhl agzw caaorjgf` zo zhl Ho|qzof Tokgal Jltcrznlfz& Zhlargnl aofalrfq oi @|kizof rlqgjlfzq gfak|jl argnlq bw m|ylfgklq+ `cf` ygoklfal+ ygoklfzargnl+ robblrw+ jr|` zrciigaegf`+ ckaohok rlkczlj argnlq+ troqzgz|zgof+ cfj trotlrzw argnl&

Phgkl argnl oylrckk gq jlarlcqgf` gf zhl @|kizof crlc+ argnlq czzrgb|zlj zo m|ylfgklq+ q|ah

cq zhliz cfj ycfjckgqn+ rlncgf aofqgqzlfz& Gf cjjgzgof+ qoago.laofonga+ a|kz|rck cfj

aonn|fgzw rgqe icazorq ckk aofzrgb|zl zo zr|cfaw cnof` wo|zh pho rlqgjl gf zhl @|kizofflg`hborhooj& Noqz @|kizof tcrlfzq ical laofonga jgiiga|kzglq+ kcf`|c`l cfj a|kz|rck

bcrrglrq+ cfj kgngzlj ottorz|fgzglq ior caa|kz|rczgof& Zhlql ahckklf`lq acf ncel

aontkwgf` pgzh aont|kqorw lj|aczgof kcpq c kop trgorgzw& Gf cjjgzgof+ tcrlfzq crl fozckpcwq cpcrl zhcz aont|kqorw lj|aczgof kcpq lxgqz&

Zhl zcr`lz tot|kczgof ior zhl trlylfzgof aontoflfz gq ckk qahook.c`lj @|kizof wo|zh cfjzhlgr tcrlfzq/`|crjgcfq& Zhl gfgzgck zcr`lz tot|kczgof ior zhl gfzlrylfzgof aontoflfz pcq

2<4 lg`hzh cfj fgfzh `rcjl wo|zh lfrokklj cz Mcfl Kof` Ngjjkl Qahook cfj Roblrz L& Kll

Hg`h Qahook cfj zhlgr tcrlfzq/`|crjgcfq pho rlqgjl gf zhl 00483 }gt aojl& A|rrlfzkw+ gzq

qlrygalq crl kgngzlj zo 2<4 fgfzh `rcjl qz|jlfzq& Zhl ncmorgzw oi tcrzgagtczgf` qz|jlfzqcrl Qtcfgqh qtlcegf` cfj hcyl gnng`rcfz bcae`ro|fjq& Zhlgr c`lq rcf`l iron 3< zo 37&

J|rgf` zhl 244<.2449 qahook wlcr+ cttroxgnczlkw 24 zo 2< fgfzh `rcjl `grkq rlalgylj

gfzlfqgyl acql ncfc`lnlfz qlrygalq& Zhl @|kizof Zr|cfaw Rlj|azgof Tromlaz cqqgqzqqz|jlfzq pgzh c ycrglzw oi gqq|lq rcf`gf` iron hg`h.rgqe `cf` gfyokylnlfz cfj

ygazgng}czgof+ zo c kcae oi tcrlfzck q|tlrygqgof cfj troygjlq icngkw q|ttorz qlrygalq&

Zhl Tromlaz Aoorjgfczor qtlfjq cf cylrc`l oi 2<.14 ho|rq c plle troygjgf` acql

ncfc`lnlfz qlrygalq& Zplfzw zo zplfzw.igyl ilncklq rlalgyl cttroxgnczlkw 1.9 ho|rq oi gfzlfqgyl acql ncfc`lnlfz qlrygalq c nofzh jltlfjgf` of zhlgr gfjgygj|ck flljq&

Cjygal zo acql ncfc`lrq or zhoql qlzzgf` |t acql ncfc`lnlfz tro`rcnq Zhl gjlck acql kocj jltlfjq of zhl klylk oi zr|cfaw cfj zhl gqq|lq ciilazgf` zhl qz|jlfz&

Ofl acql ncfc`lr acf qlryl 14 zo :4 qz|jlfzq gi zhl qz|jlfzq crl aofqgjlrlj ‛lcrkw

gfzlrylfzgof„ cfj lxhgbgz c kop klylk oi zr|cfaw& Gi qz|jlfzq crl ‛kczl gfzlrylfzgof„ cfj

lxhgbgz hg`h klylkq oi zr|cfaw+ c qgf`kl acql ncfc`lr qho|kj ioa|q of fo norl zhcf 24.14acqlq&

Gz gq gntorzcfz zo iorn rlkczgofqhgtq pgzh aonn|fgzw c`lfaglq& Zo bl`gf+ acql ncfc`lrqcfj tro`rcn aoorjgfczorq qho|kj czzlfj i|fazgofq cfj nllzgf`q gf zhlgr aonn|fgzw cfj

flzpore pgzh ozhlr czzlfjllq& Flzporegf` gq lqtlagckkw gntorzcfz gf orjlr zo b|gkj c

rlilrrck bcql ior wo|r akglfzq& Acql ncfc`lrq qho|kj icngkgcrg}l zhlnqlkylq pgzh zhlqlrygalq gf zhl crlc cfj hop lcah c`lfaw acf aontklnlfz zhl tro`rcn cfj ygal ylrqc&

Tcrlfzq cfj icngkglq qho|kj ckpcwq bl gfak|jlj gf zhl troalqq oi poregf` pgzh zr|cfzq&Acql ncfc`lrq qho|kj |fjlrqzcfj zhl gqq|lq ciilazgf` zhl zcr`lz tot|kczgof cfj



7

aonn|fgzw& Rcttorz gq zhl elw zo troygjgf` liilazgyl acql ncfc`lnlfz qlrygalq& Gz gqgntorzcfz foz zo ncel trongqlq wo| acffoz ellt& Iokkop.|t cfj aofqgqzlfaw crl ar|agck

phlf poregf` pgzh icngkglq& C iklxgbkl qahlj|kl gq tcrzga|kcrkw gntorzcfz phlf qlrygf`

poregf`.akcqq icngkglq& Rlnlnblr zhlgr zgnl gq kgngzlj cfj yck|cbkl& Ahcf`l gq cjgiiga|kz troalqq ior lylrwofl+ qo jo foz lxtlaz s|gae cfj jrcnczga ahcf`lq&

Caefopklj`l qnckk gntroylnlfzq pgzh gfalfzgylq q|ah cq qahook q|ttkglq or ho|qlhokjgzlnq&

Phlf poregf` pgzh qz|jlfzq+ G igfj zhcz `cgfgf` zhlgr zr|qz gq gfyck|cbkl& Bl

|fjlrqzcfjgf`+ tczglfz+ jo foz tcqq m|j`nlfz cfj kgqzlf& Bl aofqgqzlfz cfj iokkop.|t+

iokkop.|t+ iokkop.|t# Bl hoflqz cfj otlf& Cq zhl acql ncfc`lr gf @|kizof+ G zwtgackkwcqe qz|jlfzq phcz zhlw blkglyl gq blqz ior zhln cfj zhlf pore aokklazgylkw pgzh zhln zo

hlkt zhln cahglyl gz& Gz gq c ngqzcel zo cqq|nl zhcz phcz zhlw fllj gq cf cj|kz zo zlkk zhln

phcz gq blqz ior zhln+ phcz zo jo+ cfj/or zrlcz zhln cq gi zhlw crl gfaontlzlfz& G pore pgzh qz|jlfzq zo gjlfzgiw zhlgr `ockq& Qz|jlfzq crl rlaltzgyl zo zhgq qzrczl`w& Nllz pgzh

zhln rl`|kcrkw+ foz m|qz phlf qonlzhgf` gq prof`&

Phcz foz zo jo&&&&

Gz gq gntorzcfz foz zo lxtlaz qz|jlfzq cfj zhlgr icngkglq zo qhcrl zhl qcnl yck|lq cfj

blkgliq cq wo| jo& Ior gfqzcfal+ phlf G bl`cf poregf` pgzh zhgq Tromlaz+ G pcq

jlzlrngflj zo cjyoaczl hg`h qahook `rcj|czgof pgzh c jgtkonc cfj qll @lflrckLj|aczgofck Jlylkotnlfz (@LJ Zlqzgf` Tro`rcnq cq cf |kzgnczl kcqz rlqorz rl`crjklqq

oi zhl qz|jlfz‗q qgz|czgof j|l zo nw yck|lq& B|z cq G bl`cf troygjgf` acql ncfc`lnlfz

qlrygalq+ G rlckg}lj zhcz ckzho|`h G ncw qhcrl zhl qcnl a|kz|rck bcae`ro|fj cfj hcyl`lflrckkw qgngkcr lxtlrglfalq cq zhl qz|jlfzq+ G n|qz rlygql nw `ock oi cjyoaczgf`

gfgzgckkw ior c hg`h qahook jgtkonc zo cjyoaczgf` ior zhl aontklzgof oi hg`h qahook gf zhlncfflr zhcz blqz q|gzq zhl qz|jlfz& Aontklzgf` hg`h qahook gq c qg`fgigacfz

caaontkgqhnlfz ior cfwofl+ b|z zo zhgq zcr`lz tot|kczgof+ gz gfjgaczlq zr|l zrg|nth oylr

rgqe icazorq zhcz ahckklf`l zhlgr gfzl`rczgof cfj caa|kz|rczgof troalqq&



34

Zhl Cz Rgqe Wo|zh Tro`rcn+

Egf` Ao|fzw Q|tlrgor Ao|rz+ M|ylfgkl Qlrygalq Jgygqgof

@lflrck tro`rcn bcae`ro|fj

Zhl Cz Rgqe Wo|zh Tro`rcn+ zhro|`h Egf` Ao|fzw Q|tlrgor Ao|rz+ M|ylfgkl Qlrygalq

Jgygqgof+ pcq jlylkotlj gf 3777 pgzh c `rcfz iron OMMJT zo troygjl ckzlrfczgylq zo zhliornck ao|rz troalqq ior ao|rz.gfyokylj+ zr|cfz wo|zh gf Egf` Ao|fzw+ Pcqhgf`zof&

Gfgzgckkw+ zpo ckzlrfczgylq plrl jlylkotlj= Czzlfjcfal Poreqhotq cfj Aonn|fgzwZr|cfaw Bocrjq&

c Zhl trl.ao|rz czzlfjcfal poreqhotq hcyl troygjlj zr|cfz wo|zh zhl ottorz|fgzw zo

jlylkot blhcygor aofzrcazq pgzh zhlgr tcrlfzq gf c q|ttorzgyl+ fof.m|j`nlfzcklfygrofnlfz& Zhlql aofzrcazq crl nofgzorlj bw zhl qahook jgqzrgaz ior zhgrzw jcwq zo cqqlqq

aontkgcfal cfj klylk oi blhcygor ahcf`l& Gf zhl lylfz oi fof.aontkgcfal+ qahook jgqzrgazq

acf rlilr wo|zh zo aonn|fgzw zr|cfaw bocrjq (gi cycgkcbkl or rls|lqz c trlkgngfcrw

hlcrgf` ior zhlql wo|zh zo obzcgf c ao|rz orjlr aontlkkgf` zhln zo ò zo qahook&

b Pgzh zhl gfgzgczgof cfj q|ttorz oi Q|tlrgor Ao|rz+ Blaac2

qzcii hlktlj qahookq jlylkotAonn|fgzw Zr|cfaw Bocrjq (AZBq gf qlylrck qahook jgqzrgazq& AZBq aofqgqz oi qahook

jgqzrgaz tlrqofflk+ gfak|jgf` b|z foz kgngzlj zo+ zhl Blaac rltrlqlfzczgyl (kgcgqof zo ao|rz+

qahook ao|fqlkorq+ qahook f|rql+ cfj yok|fzllr nlnblrq oi zhl aonn|fgzw&

\fiorz|fczlkw+ j|l zo jlarlcqlq gf i|fjgf`+ foz ckk qahook jgqzrgazq plrl cbkl zo ncgfzcgfzhlgr AZBq+ cfj a|rrlfzkw zhlrl crl ofkw zpo gf otlrczgof gf Egf` Ao|fzw& Zhl AZBq crl

ylrw liilazgyl+ hoplylr+ gf zhcz c qz|jlfz cfj tcrlfz(q crl `gylf zgnl zo nllz pgzh zhl

bocrj cfj lxtkcgf zhlgr agra|nqzcfalq gf jltzh+ rlq|kzgf` gf rlilrrckq+ rlaonnlfjczgofq+cfj aonngznlfzq iron ckk tcrzglq zo zcel flalqqcrw qzltq c`rllj |tof zo rlqokyl zhl

trobklnq zhcz gntcaz wo|zhq‗ czzlfjcfal& C qzgt|kczlj c`rllnlfz gq zhl o|zaonl oi zhgqnllzgf`+ cfj zhlrliorl c bgfjgf` ao|rz joa|nlfz&

a Gf cjjgzgof+ io|r acql ncfc`lrq qlryl wo|zh cfj icngkglq gf Egf` Ao|fzw& Lcah gq

cqqg`flj zo c `lo`rcthga crlc zhcz qlrylq zhl qahook jgqzrgazq gf zhcz rl`gof& Bw ioa|qgfòf qtlagiga `lo`rcthga crlcq+ zhlw crl cbkl zo troygjl gfjgygj|ckg}lj acql ncfc`lnlfz bw

lqzcbkgqhgf` of.ògf` rlkczgofqhgtq pgzh qahook.bcqlj cfj aonn|fgzw.bcqlj qzcii+ cq plkk

cq pgzh kcp lfioralnlfz+ czzorflwq+ cfj qoagck porelrq& Zhlw caz cq kgcgqofq blzpllf

icngkglq cfj ozhlr troygjlrq zo icagkgzczl zhl q|aalqq oi icngkglq iokkopgf` zhro|`h pgzhzhlgr ao|rz.orjlrlj obkg`czgofq&

Q|tlrgor Ao|rz otlrczlq c Blaac Ao|rz gf zpo qgzlq gf Egf` Ao|fzw+ pgzh c i|kk.zgnlBlaac aonngqqgoflr pho rozczlq blzpllf bozh koaczgofq& Zr|cfaw+ Cz Rgqe Wo|zh cfj

Ahgkj Gf Fllj oi Q|tlrygqgof (AHGFQ acqlq crl hlcrj Nofjcw zhro|`h Irgjcw gf ofl or

zhl ozhlr ao|rzho|ql&

2 Zhl Blaac Bgkk gq Pcqhgf`zof Qzczl‗q aont|kqorw lj|aczgof kcp& Gz gq fcnlj cizlr c qahook.c`lj `grk+

fcnlj Rlblaac+ pho pcq n|rjlrlj j|rgf` zhl qahook jcw phgkl qhl pcq zr|cfz& Norl gfiornczgof acf bl

io|fj cz hzzt=//ppp&nlzroea&òy/troczzw/zr|cfaw/blaac&hzn&



32

Ckpcwq gfzroj|al wo|rqlki zo bozh tcrlfzq cfj wo|zh& Gi toqqgbkl+ zrw zo nllz pgzh zhlnbliorl c trlkgngfcrw or icaz.igfjgf` hlcrgf`5 klzzgf` zhln efop phcz zo lxtlaz iron zhl

ao|rz troalqq hlktq zo rlj|al zlfqgofq cfj qzrlqq& Klz zhln efop phcz wo| acf cfj acf‗z

jo+ rlngfj zhln cq zo phw zhlw‗rl gf ao|rz cfj `gyl zhln hotl= l&`&+ ‛Gi pl ckk jo o|r mobq plkk+ zhgq troalqq pgkk bl hlkti|k ior wo|r icngkw&„

• @gyl wo|r acrj zo bozh tcrlfzq cfj wo|zh&

• Zrw zo igfj o|z phcz zhl icngkw tlralgylq cq bcrrglrq/ahckklf`lq zo zhl wo|zh‗q

czzlfjcfal5

• Bl fof.m|j`nlfzck5

• \ql c qzrlf`zh.bcqlj cttrocah zhro|`ho|z gfyokylnlfz+ l&`&+ igfj o|z phcz `olqplkk+ phcz poreq+ cfj actgzckg}l of zhoql qzrlf`zhq5

• Rlnlnblr zhcz b|w.gf cnof` tcrlfzq gq `rlczlr of cf Cz.Rgqe Wo|zh tlzgzgof zhcfc Zr|cfaw tlzgzgof blac|ql tcrlfzq igklj gf orjlr zo qlle hlkt& Gf c zr|cfaw acql+

tcrlfzq crl gfyokylj blac|ql zhl qahook igklj&

gy Qzrczl`glq ior `cgfgf` qz|jlfz zr|qz• Gfzroj|al wo|rqlki zo zhl qz|jlfz cq plkk cq zhl tcrlfz(q5

• Ncel wo|zh illk gntorzcfz5

• Aontkgnlfz qz|jlfzq gf irofz oi zhlgr icngkglq cfj ozhlrq phlf cttrotrgczl5

• Caefopklj`l zhcz zhgf`q crl jgiiga|kz& Lxtkcgf wo|r rokl+ cfj wo|r hotlq ior zhln+cfj zhcz zhl norl wo| efop cbo|z zhlgr ahckklf`lq+ zhl blzzlr wo| acf hlkt zhl

qgz|czgof5

• Qlz aklcr bo|fjcrglq+ cfj klz wo|zh efop phcz wo| acf cfj acffoz jo&

• Nllz pgzh wo|zh ckofl cz qonl togfz5 zlkk zhln+ cfj zhlf rlngfj zhln+ zhcz phczhcttlfq jltlfjq of ahogalq zhlw ncel ‑ zhcz zhlw hcyl qonl aofzrok gf phlzhlr

or foz zhlw aonl bcae zo ao|rz5

• Bl hoflqz cfj fof.m|j`nlfzck5

• Kgqzlf zo zhln ‑ cqe phcz zhlw zhgfe gq hlkti|k+ cfj oiilr cqqgqzcfal gf crlcq zhlwo|zh gjlfzgiglq& Wo|r tlralgylj czzgz|jl zopcrjq zhln gq ygzck ior zhln zo b|w gf

zo wo|r cqqgqzcfal&

• Bl `lf|gfl ‑ wo|zh crl |qlj zo blgf` zckelj jopf zo ‑ c aonbgfczgof oi rlqtlazcfj c qlfql oi h|nor pgkk `o c kof` pcw& Caefopklj`l wo|zhq‗ tro`rlqq cfj

cqqlzq+ cfj ellt lxtlazczgofq hg`h& Wo| ncw bl zhl igrqz cj|kz zhcz qllq zhln cq

‛q|aalqqi|k+„ cfj gz acf bl nozgyczgf`&

y Zhl bckcfal blzpllf qzgaeq cfj acrrozq

Cizlr lqzcbkgqhgf` rcttorz+ cfj b|gkjgf` zr|qz+ wo| pcfz zo bckcfal irglfjkgflqq cfj

hlkti|kflqq pgzh caao|fzcbgkgzw& Hokjgf` egjq caao|fzcbkl zo lxtlazczgofq ckqo hlktqb|gkj zr|qz+ cfj klzq zhln efop wo| zhgfe zhlw acf bl q|aalqqi|k&

yg Poregf` pgzh zhl qahookqCzzlfj qzciigf`q phlf toqqgbkl cfj cttrotrgczl& Acql ncfc`lnlfz gfyokylnlfz acf oizlf

hlkt lcql zlfqgofq blzpllf zhl qahook cfj zhl wo|zh/icngkw& Troygjl |tjczlq cbo|z

aonn|fgzw qlrygalq/rlilrrckq zo zhl qahookq& Qahook qzcii ahcf`l oylr zgnl+ cfj rlqo|ralq



3:

ZKA ior Ahgkjrlf cfj Icngkglq+ Gfa&+ Okczhl+ Ecfqcq

@lflrck Tro`rcn Bcae`ro|fj

M|ylfgkl Gfzlrylfzgof Qlrygalq ior Zr|cfzq (MGQZ oiilrq c zplkyl.plle aonn|fgzw.bcqlj

gfzlrylfzgof zo wo|zh cfj zhlgr icngkglq pho crl qllegf` cqqgqzcfal zo gntroyl icngkw

rlkczgofq+ qahook czzlfjcfal cfj gfarlcql toqgzgyl cj|kz gfzlrcazgofq ior wo|zh& MGQZ ckqooiilrq c qahook.bcqlj qlrygal+ pgzh zhl acql ncfc`lr koaczlj gf zhl qahook ior zr|cfawtrlylfzgof& Zhl acql ncfc`lr b|gkjq rlkczgofqhgtq pgzh cz.rgqe qz|jlfzq cfj zhlgr icngkglq

zo troygjl q|ttorz cfj cjyoacaw of zhl wo|zh‗q blhcki& Zhl MGQZ acql ncfc`lrq nllz

ical zo ical pgzh lcah wo|zh of c pllekw bcqgq ior 3 zo 2&< ho|rq zo rlyglp cfj qlz òckq5troygjl cttrotrgczl rlilrrckq zo rlqo|ralq cfj zo cjyoaczl of zhl wo|zh‗q blhcki ior

qlrygalq& MGQZ qlrylq wo|zh c`lj 32.30+ nckl cfj ilnckl+ ckk lzhfgagzglq cfj ckk

qoagolaofonga klylkq& Zhl ncxgn|n acqlkocj gq 32 qz|jlfzq tlr acql porelr& Ior zhligqack wlcr 244<+ 371 wo|zh plrl qlrylj gf bozh tro`rcnq& Qgxzw.qgx tlralfz oi wo|zh

pho plrl cycgkcbkl ior iokkop.|t gfiornczgof cfj aontklzlj zhl 32.plle tro`rcn

ncgfzcgflj c 7<, or `rlczlr czzlfjcfal or `rcj|czlj iron hg`h qahook j|rgf` zhl 32

nofzhq cizlr zhl tro`rcn& Ofl h|fjrlj tlralfz oi wo|zh pho plrl cycgkcbkl ior iokkop.|t gfiornczgof cfj aontklzlj zhl32.plle tro`rcn hcj fo flp m|ylfgkl oiilfjlr

cjm|jgaczgofq j|rgf` zhl 32 nofzhq cizlr zhl tro`rcn&

Zhl oylrckk òckq cfj obmlazgylq ior zhl acql ncfc`lr crl zo= 3 troygjl qzrlf`zhq.bcqlj

acql ncfc`lnlfz qlrygalq zo wo|zh cfj zhlgr icngkglq zo gfarlcql i|fazgofck qegkkq+

jlarlcql zhl fllj ior m|jgagck gfzlrylfzgof cfj ncxgng}l gfjltlfjlfz i|fazgofgf` gf zhlaonn|fgzw+ 2 liilazgylkw aonn|fgaczl pgzh wo|zh+ tcrlfz/`|crjgcfq+ acqlporelrq+

qahookq+ kcp lfioralnlfz+ Qoagck cfj Rlhcbgkgzczgyl Qlrygalq+ czzorflwq+ m|j`lq+ Jgqzrgaz

Czzorflw‗q Oiigal+ cfj ozhlr qoagck qlrygal c`lfaglq+ 1 cqqlqq cfj gjlfzgiw qzrlf`zhq cfj

flljq oi akglfzq cfj aontklzl acql tkcfq pgzh wo|zh+ : troygjl zhl noqz blfligagck

rlilrrckq ior zhl akglfzq+ gfak|jgf` lj|aczgof+ q|ttorz cfj argqgq gfzlrylfzgof bw blaongfìcngkgcr pgzh aonn|fgzw bcqlj tro`rcnq cfj qlrygalq+ cfj < ioa|q of troygjgf`

qlrygalq cfj rlilrrckq zhcz ckkop zhl wo|zh zo rlncgf gf zhlgr honlq&

Cjygal=

• \ql toqgzgyl rlgfioralnlfz ior qnckk qzltq zcelf gf zhl rg`hz jgrlazgof&

• Ckpcwq bl qgfalrl&

• Bl hoflqz cfj jgrlaz&

• Iokkop zhro|`h pgzh aofqls|lfalq&

• Lntoplr zhl qz|jlfzq bw ckkopgf` zhln zo qlklaz cnof` c qlz oi ahogalq zhcz wo|

troygjl&

• Qll zhlgr qgjl oi zhl qgz|czgof&• Aofflaz zhln zo cf cj|kz or qonlofl cz zhl qahook zo phon zhlw acf rlkczl&

• Bl c nozgyczgofck qtlcelr&

• Klz lcah ofl efop zhcz zhlw crl qtlagck gf zhlgr opf pcw&

• Ioa|q of zhlgr qzrlf`zhq cfj ckk zhl toqgzgylq oi zhl qgz|czgof& (Gi zhlw crl gf jlfgck

zhcz c trobkln lxgqzq+ zhlf ioa|q of hop zhl gqq|l pgkk ciilaz zhlgr kgylq&

• Rlilr+ rlilr+ rlilr&



3<

Ackgiorfgc Qahook Czzlfjcfal Rlyglp Bocrjq


Gf Ackgiorfgc+ zhl Qzczl Qahook Czzlfjcfal Rlyglp Bocrj (Qzczl QCRB hcq bllf qzrof`kw

lfao|rc`gf` zhl jlylkotnlfz oi acql ncfc`lnlfz qzrczl`glq ior qz|jlfzq pgzh tlrqgqzlfz

qahook czzlfjcfal or qahook blhcygor trobklnq& O|r aofalrf gq zhcz zoo ncfw hg`h.rgqe qz|jlfzq jgqcttlcr iron zhl lj|aczgofck qwqzln pgzh fo acql ncfc`lnlfz or iokkop.|tcizlr cf gfgzgck gjlfzgigaczgof oi zhlgr trobkln& Ackgiorfgc gq ofkw qkg`hzkw cboyl zhl

fczgofck cylrc`l gf gzq `rcj|czgof rczl cq jlzlrngflj bw zhl Fczgofck Ao|fagk ior

Lj|aczgofck Qzczgqzgaq5 zhl QCRB troalqq+ gi i|kkw gntklnlfzlj+ po|kj troygjl c qcilzwflz ior qz|jlfzq pho crl fo kof`lr lf`c`lj gf qahook& Lcrkw gjlfzgigaczgof gq ofkw |qli|k gi

gz gq iokkoplj bw lcrkw gfzlrylfzgof cfj iokkop.|t&

Ackgiorfgc'q Lj|aczgof Aojl Qlazgof :8201 lfao|rc`lq acql ncfc`lnlfz oi hg`h.rgqe

qz|jlfzq bw rls|grgf` lylrw qahook bocrj zo cjotz rl`|kczgofq ior `czhlrgf` cfj

zrcfqngzzgf` gfiornczgof cbo|z qz|jlfzq pgzh tlrqgqzlfz trobklnq zo zhl ao|fzw

q|tlrgfzlfjlfz& Zhl Qzczl QCRB hcq jlylkotlj c iorncz ior acql ncfc`lnlfz rltorzqphgah gfak|jlq gfiornczgof of zhl f|nblr oi gfzlrylfzgofq czzlntzlj cz zhl qahook klylk

bw `rcjl+ cq plkk cq acqlq rlilrrlj zo zhl QCRB klylk& Zhl iorn gq cycgkcbkl cz

hzzt=//ppp&ajl&ac&òy/kq/cg/qb/joa|nlfzq/qcrbiorncz&xkq & Zhgq jczc zook gq ygzck ior acqlncfc`lnlfz oi qz|jlfzq pgzh tlrqgqzlfz qahook czzlfjcfal or qahook blhcygor trobklnq

blac|ql gz lfao|rc`lq iokkop.|t cfj ckkopq ior ao|fzw klylk qzrczl`w gfzlrylfzgof

jlylkotnlfz& Gf hgq Ilbr|crw 244< Hg`hkg`hzq zo ao|fzw cfj jgqzrgaz q|tlrgfzlfjlfzq+Mcae O'Aofflkk+ Ackgiorfgc'q Qzczl Q|tlrgfzlfjlfz oi T|bkga Gfqzr|azgof+ qzczlj= "M|qz cq

jlagqgofq cbo|z gfqzr|azgof n|qz bl jrgylf bw jczc+ qo n|qz jlagqgofq cbo|z jroto|z

gfzlrylfzgofq&"

Cfozhlr cttrocah zo gntroygf` acql ncfc`lnlfz gf Ackgiorfgc hcq bllf zhl jlylkotnlfzoi c qcntkl qahook bocrj tokgaw pgzh cjngfgqzrczgyl rl`|kczgofq ior czzlfjcfal

q|tlrygqgof& Ackgiorfgc'q Lj|aczgof Aojl Qlazgof :82:4 rls|grlq qahook bocrjq zo cttogfzc q|tlrygqor oi czzlfjcfal cfj q|ah cqqgqzcfz q|tlrygqorq oi czzlfjcfal cq ncw bl

flalqqcrw zo q|tlrygql zhl czzlfjcfal oi qz|jlfzq gf zhl jgqzrgaz or ao|fzw& Qahook bocrjq

crl ckqo rls|grlj zo trlqargbl zhl j|zglq oi zhl q|tlrygqor oi czzlfjcfal cfj cqqgqzcfzq|tlrygqorq oi czzlfjcfal+ foz gfaofqgqzlfz pgzh kcp& Ckzho|`h zhl kcp jolq foz

qtlagigackkw rls|grl zhcz acql ncfc`lnlfz bl ofl oi zhoql trlqargblj j|zglq+ acql

ncfc`lnlfz ior qz|jlfzq pgzh tlrqgqzlfz qahook czzlfjcfal trobklnq gq c ko`gack j|zw oi zhl q|tlrygqor oi czzlfjcfal& Zhl Qzczl QCRB hcq jlylkotlj c qcntkl qahook bocrj

tokgaw pgzh cjngfgqzrczgyl rl`|kczgofq phgah ncw bl cjctzlj bw qahook bocrjq zo nllz

koack flljq cfj phgah gq cycgkcbkl cz hzzt=//ppp&ajl&ac&òy/:<:91 & Zhl Qzczl QCRBlfao|rc`lq qahook jgqzrgazq gf Ackgiorfgc zo jlylkot qahook bocrj tokgaglq cfj koackqzrczl`glq ior acql ncfc`lnlfz phgah pgkk rlj|al zhl f|nblr oi jroto|zq gf zhl qzczl

t|bkga lj|aczgof qwqzln&

Zhl Qzczl QCRB hcq ckqo jlylkotlj c Qahook Czzlfjcfal Rlyglp Bocrjq Hcfjbooe

cycgkcbkl cz hzzt=//ppp&ajl&ac&òy/kq/cg/qb/joa|nlfzq/qcrb42&tji & Zhgq hcfjbooe lnthcqg}lq zhl gntorzcfal oi lcrkw gjlfzgigaczgof cfj gfzlrylfzgof+ cfj troygjlq c qcntkl



39

"Acql Ahrofoko`w Pore Qhllz" of tc`l 19& Zhl "Acql Ahrofoko`w Pore Qhllz"troygjlq c iorncz ior rlaorjgf` aofzcazq or cazgofq zcelf gf acql ncfc`lnlfz& Zhl

hcfjbooe ckqo aofzcgfq norl iornck joa|nlfzq phgah ncw bl |qlj gf acql ncfc`lnlfz=

• "Czzlfjcfal Rlaorjq cfj Q|nncrw oi Cazgof" (tc`l 10

• "Qahook Czzlfjcfal Rlyglp Bocrj Gfiornczgof Qhllz" (tc`l 17

• "Aofigjlfzgck QCRB Rlilrrck Iorn" (tc`l :4

• "Jgqzrgaz Czzorflw Nljgczgof Rlilrrck" (tc`l :2

• "Jgqzrgaz Czzorflw Zr|cfaw Rlilrrck" (tc`l :<

• "Q|btolfc ior QCRB Hlcrgf`" (tc`l :9

• "Qahook Qgzl+ Qz|jlfz+ cfj Tcrlfz C`rllnlfz" (tc`l :0

• "Q|nncrw oi Tcrlfz(q cfj T|tgk Aofilrlfal C`rllnlfz" (tc`l :8

• "Qz|jlfz.Tcrlfz C`rllnlfz" (tc`l :7

• "QCRB Aofigrnczgof oi C`rllnlfz Klzzlr" (tc`l <4

• "QCRB Aof`rcz|kczgofq Klzzlr" (tc`l <3

• "QCRB Gjlfzgigaczgof Qzgaelrq" (tc`l <2

• "Tlzgzgof zo zhl Ao|rz zo Q|qtlfj or Jlkcw Jrgygf` Trgygkl`l T|rq|cfz zo YlhgaklAojl" (tc`l <1

Zhlql qcntkl zookq or joa|nlfzq ior acql ncfc`lnlfz plrl jlqg`flj cq nojlkq or

lxcntklq ior Ackgiorfgc+ b|z G blkglyl ncfw oi zhlql zookq ao|kj bl cjctzlj ior acql

ncfc`lnlfz gf ozhlr qzczlq& Gi cfwofl hcq s|lqzgofq cbo|z zhl QCRB troalqq gf

Ackgiorfgc+ G ncw bl aofzcazlj cz jeottlr|Dajl&ac&`oy or (739 120.1<74&

Jcygj Eottlr|j

Lj|aczgof Tro`rcnq Aofq|kzcfz+ Qzczl QCRB AhcgrtlrqofAckgiorfgc Jltcrznlfz oi Lj|aczgof

Ao|fqlkgf`+ Qz|jlfz Q|ttorz+ cfj Qlrygal.Klcrfgf`3:14 F Qzrllz+ Q|gzl 9:48Qcarcnlfzo+ AC 7<83:

(739 120.<714

ICX (739 121.9493

jeottlr|Dajl&ac&`oy



37

• Zhl qz|jlfzq qll zhcz qonlofl acrlq

• Qonlofl gq cbkl zo lxtkcgf zo zhlql qz|jlfzq phw gz gq qo gntorzcfz zo `rcj|czl

iron hg`h qahook cfj zhcz zhlw jlylkot rlqtofqgbkl blhcygorq (gfak|jgf`

czzlfjcfal phgkl cz qahook+ cq zhlql blhcygorq pgkk acrrw of gfzo zhlgr cj|kz kgil&

• G aklcrkw |fjlrqzcfj o|r qahook‗q czzlfjcfal tokgaw cfj cn cbkl zo rlkcw zhcz

efopklj`l zo zhl qz|jlfzq cfj cttkw gz zo hop zhlw acf gntroyl cfj blq|aalqqi|k&

• Qz|jlfzq hcyl bllf rlilrrlj zo q|ttorz qlrygalq zhcz zhlw zr|kw fllj cfj hcyl fozbllf aofflazlj zo bliorl

• Zhl aootlrczgof G hcyl hcj pgzh zhl qahook cfj crlc c`lfaglq hcq bllf pofjlri|k&O|r tro`rcn po|kj foz bl q|aalqqi|k pgzho|z zhl aootlrczgof pl hcyl&

• G zr|kw lfmow poregf` pgzh zhl qz|jlfzq cz zhl hg`h qahook& G aofflaz ylrw plkkpgzh zhln+ cfj G zhgfe zhcz zhlw illk aoniorzcbkl gf nw oiigal&

C Tcrzga|kcrkw Ahckklf`gf` Acql

Zhl noqz ahckklf`gf` acqlq zhcz G hcyl lxtlrglfalj crl zhl oflq phlrl zhl qz|jlfz zr|kwjolq foz igz gf cz zhl hg`h qahook+ hoflqzkw jolq foz acrl phlzhlr zhlw crl q|aalqqi|k or

foz cfj+ phlzhlr zhlw crl cpcrl oi gz or foz+ crl kooegf` ior c pcw zo `lz o|z oi zhl hg`h

qahook cfj gfzo cfozhlr tro`rcn& Zhl pcw zhlw aonnofkw jo zhcz gq zhro|`h ahrofga

zr|cfaglq& Gf o|r liiorzq zo hlkt zhlql qz|jlfzq bl q|aalqqi|k cz ckk aoqzq+ pl oizlf zgnlqoiilr zhln ottorz|fgzw cizlr ottorz|fgzw zo gntroyl zhlgr czzlfjcfal phgkl zrwgf`

lylrwzhgf` pl acf zhgfe oi cfj blgf` cq arlczgyl cq pl acf bl& Lylfz|ckkw zhlrl aonlq c

zgnl phlf pl hcyl zo rlaonnlfj cf ckzlrfczgyl tkcalnlfz or q|``lqz zhcz zhl qz|jlfzt|rq|l c @LJ+ blac|ql zhcz gq zr|kw zhl ofkw pcw zhcz hl/qhl pgkk bl q|aalqqi|k& Gz gq

qonlzgnlq jgiiga|kz zo rlckg}l zhcz c qz|jlfz jolq foz blkof` gf c rl`|kcr qahook qlzzgf`

cfj zhcz elltgf` zhln zhlrl gq qlzzgf` zhln |t ior icgk|rl+ b|z gz gq flalqqcrw zo bl cbkl zo

ncel zhcz jlagqgof phlf zhl zgnl gq rg`hz ior zhl qz|jlfz&

Zhl Gntorzcfal oi cf Liilazgyl Zr|cfaw Gfzlrylfzgof Tro`rcn

Tronozgf` toqgzgyl qahook czzlfjcfal gq qo gntorzcfz zo ckk qz|jlfzq foz ofkw zo zhlgr

q|aalqq cz qahook b|z ckqo gf zhlgr i|z|rl& Egjq oizlf zgnlq jo foz qll hop zhlgr cazgofqcfj blhcygorq j|rgf` zhlgr zllfc`l wlcrq pgkk liilaz zhlgr cj|kz kgylq& Hlktgf` egjq zo

|fjlrqzcfj zhcz aorrlkczgof pgkk toqgzgylkw ahcf`l zhlgr kgylq iorlylr#



24

Tromlaz Rlqtlaz Zr|cfaw Rlj|azgof Tro`rcn+ T|lbko+ AO

@lflrck tro`rcn bcae`ro|fj&

Zhl `ock oi zhl T|lbko Qahook Jgqzrgaz 94‗q Tromlaz Rlqtlaz Zr|cfaw Rlj|azgof Tro`rcn

gq zo rlj|al zhl zr|cfaw rczl bw gjlfzgiwgf` zhl ac|qlq oi zr|cfaw cfj gntklnlfzgf`

liilazgyl gfzlrylfzgofq gf orjlr zo `gyl ckk ahgkjrlf zhl lj|aczgofck ottorz|fgzglq zhlwjlqlryl& Rlqlcrah gfjgaczlq zhcz zr|cfaw oizlf klcjq zo c kgil oi jlkgfs|lfaw cfj argnl&Zr|cfaw Trlylfzgof gf T|lbko+ Aokorcjo gq zcelf ylrw qlrgo|qkw& T|lbko Qahook Jgqzrgaz

94 cfj zhl 34zh M|jgagck Jgqzrgaz Ao|rz hcyl zcelf cf c``rlqqgyl qzcfal gf zhl ig`hz c`cgfqz

zr|cfaw&

Zhl `ockq oi zhl Zr|cfaw Rlj|azgof Tro`rcn crl zo cjjrlqq |fjlrkwgf` rgqe icazorq ior

zr|cfaw=3& Gntroyl qahook czzlfjcfal ior zcr`lzlj qz|jlfzq&

2& Gntroyl zhl cacjlnga o|zaonlq ior qz|jlfzq&

1& Gntroyl qz|jlfzq‗ qoagck.lnozgofck kgylq&

:& Gfarlcql qz|jlfz cfj icngkw caalqq zo qlrygalq gf zhl aonn|fgzw&<& Jlarlcql m|ylfgkl jlkgfs|lfaw cfj rlagjgygqn&

Pl qlryl ckk oi T|lbko Qahook Jgqzrgaz 94 qz|jlfzq cfj crl c qahook.bcqlj tro`rcn& Plhcyl c Aonn|fgzw Cjyoaczl pho poreq pgzh icngkglq cfj qz|jlfzq pho crl icalj pgzh

gqq|lq oi fof.czzlfjcfal+ q|qtlfqgof+ cfj pho crl cz rgqe oi qahook jgqlf`c`lnlfz& Pl

crl koaczlj gf noqz Zgzkl Ofl qahookq cfj qlryl ncfw qz|jlfzq pho s|ckgiw ior irll cfjrlj|alj k|fah& Pl qlryl 12: qz|jlfzq= 81, Kczgfo+ 33, Ac|acqgcf+ :, Fczgyl

Cnlrgacf cfj 2, Cirgacf Cnlrgacf&

Wo|r cjygal zo acql ncfc`lrq or zhoql qlzzgf` |t acql ncfc`lnlfz tro`rcnq

O|r Aonn|fgzw Cjyoaczlq crl acql ncfc`lrq& Zhlw troygjl zhl iokkopgf` qlrygalq zoicngkglq=

Jcgkw Rlqtofqgbgkgzglq=3& Troygjl qlrygalq zo icngkglq+ cjjrlqqgf` lf`c`lnlfz cfj czzlfjcfal5

2& Troygjl z|zorgf`+ nlfzorgf`+ nlfzck hlckzh or q|bqzcfal cb|ql zrlcznlfz5

1& Troygjl cfzg.b|kkwgf` lj|aczgof5:& Cbgjl bw cfj lfioral zhl Jgqz& 94 qahook czzlfjcfal tokgaw5

<& Lfq|rl caao|fzcbgkgzw ior `rcfzq5

9& Aokklaz cfj rlaorj jczc ior Tromlaz Rlqtlaz50& Obzcgf cfj ncgfzcgf cttroylj rlklcqlq oi gfiornczgof5

8& Zrcfqtorz qz|jlfzq cfj icngkglq zo/iron qahook cfj zo/iron cttogfznlfzq5

7& Qar|t|ko|qkw ncgfzcgf aofigjlfzgckgzw534& Trgorgzg}l honl ygqgzqZhl cylrc`l acqlkocj ior cf cjyoaczl rcf`lq iron 32 zo 38 icngkglq pho nllz tro`rcn

argzlrgc&

•Rlqtofqgbgkgzglq oi zhl Aonn|fgzw Cjyoaczlq=

3& Pore pgzh qz|jlfz‗q czzlfjcfal cfj jgqagtkgfl gqq|lq5



23

2& Aokkcborczl pgzh qahook qzcii+ aonn|fgzw c`lfaglq+ qz|jlfzq+ ao|rzq cfjicngkglq aofalrfgf` lj|aczgofck+ qoagck cfj lnozgofck flljq&

•@ockq oi zhl Aonn|fgzw Cjyoaczlq=3& Ckklygczl cfw obqzcaklq gfzlrilrgf` pgzh cacjlnga q|aalqq5

2& Gntroyl czzlfjcfal cfj lfhcfal qahook lf`c`lnlfz& Pl lf`c`l qz|jlfzq cfj icngkglq bw hcygf` or troygjgf`=

• Nofzhkw Toz.K|ae Icngkw Fg`hzq

• Koyl cfj Ko`ga Tcrlfzgf` Akcqqlq

• Cff|ck Bcqelzbckk Zo|rfcnlfzq

• Cff|ck Yokklwbckk Zo|rfcnlfzq

• Agfao jl Ncwo 34e/<e R|f/Pcke

• 39zh jl Qltzglnbrl @oki Zo|rfcnlfz

• Czzlfjgf` tcrlfz/zlcahlr aofilrlfalq pgzh zhl tcrlfzq/qz|jlfzq

• Honl ygqgzq

• Jogf` qzrlf`zh bcqlj gfylfzorglq ior tcrlfzq cfj qz|jlfzq cfj troygf` qlrygalq&

Aonn|fgzw Tcrzflrq gfak|jl=•Aczhokga Ahcrgzglq

•JCT/Tczhpcwq ior Wo|zh

•Jltcrznlfz oi Qoagck Qlrygalq

•Qwnthofw

•Aczhgl Bofhcn NC KTA

•Zon Icrklw Lqs

•T|lbko Qahook Jgqzrgaz 94

•Zgzkl Ofl i|fjgf`

•Aokorcjo Zr|qz

•Lk Toncr

•Kgzzkl Alcqlr‗q Jcyl Ilnlqzlr

•Qofga

•Aokorcjo M|ylfgkl Ngforgzw Icngkw Cjyoaczl

•OMMJT

•Aokorcjo Io|fjczgof ior Icngkglq cfj Ahgkjrlf

•Fczgofck Alfzlr ior Qahook Lf`c`lnlfz

•Aokorcjo Cizlr Qahook Flzpore

•T|lbko Nljgack Qoaglzw

•T|lbko Qahook Jgqzrgaz 94

•34zh M|jgagck Jgqzrgaz Ao|rz

•Aczhokga Ahcrgzglq

•T|lbko Tokgal Jltcrznlfz

•T|lbko Ao|fzw Jltcrznlfz oi Qoagck Qlrygalq

•T|lbko Ao|fzw Jlzlfzgof Ckzlrfczgyl Tro`rcn

•Toqcjc Honlklqq Qhlkzlr

•Lk Alfzro Jlk S|gfzo Qok Aonn|fgzw Alfzlr

•WNAC

•T|lbko Ahcnblr oi Aonnlral

•Aroqqrocjq Jr|` cfj Ckaohok Alfzlr

•WPAC.Ahgkj Acrl Alfzlr cz Elczgf`

•Bowq cfj @grkq Ak|b

•23qz Alfz|rw Klcrfgf` Alfzlr•Tromlaz \fgjoq

Nlfzorgf` Tro`rcn

•Otlrczgof Qahook Blkk•Rcrl Brllj Wo|zh Qtorzq

•T|lbko Aonn|fgzw Aokkl`l

•\fgylrqgzw oi Qo|zhlrf Aokorcjo.Qoagck

Pore Jltcrznlfz

•\fgylrqgzw oi Flp Nlxgao. Hg`hkcfjq. Qoagck

Pore Jltcrznlfz

•Trgyczl Joforq

•WPAC.Ponlf‗q Argqgq Alfzlr

•T|lbko Ao|fzw Trobczgof Jltcrznlfz

•Qtcfgqh Tlceq Nlfzck Hlckzh Alfzlr



Q|aalqq Qzorglq

Cfzhofw

Bcae`ro|fj oi zhl Qz|jlfz cfj Icngkw

Cfzhofw+ c`lj 3<+ kgylj gf cf ctcrznlfz b|gkjgf` zhcz ho|qlq kop.gfaonl icngkglq pgzhycrwgf` lzhfga bcae`ro|fjq iron zhrll t|bkga qahook jgqzrgazq& Kcqz ickk+ Cfzhofw pcq

tkcalj pgzh hgq bgoko`gack nozhlr+ 1: wlcrq okj+ bw qzczl qlrygalq+ cizlr c tlrgoj oi kgygf`

pgzh hgq `rcfjiczhlr phgkl hgq nozhlr pcq gf zrlcznlfz& Qhl pcq qzr|``kgf` zo czzlfjqzczl i|fjlj aonn|fgzw aokkl`l+ pore tcrz zgnl+ cfj rlncgf qoblr& Zhl qzczl q|ttorzlj

zhl wo|zh kgygf` gf zhl zpo bljroon ctcrznlfz pgzh hgq qgqzlr+ hgq nozhlr‗q bowirglfj+

zpo tgz b|kkq+ c acz cfj c twzhof qfcel& Gz pcq qnckk+ aropjlj cfj zhl wo|zh qkltz of zhl

ikoor gf zhl kgygf` roon& Zhl bowirglfj pcq zhl noqz qzcbkl nlnblr oi zhl ho|qlhokjcfj porelj jcgkw cq c aofqzr|azgof kcborlr& Ckk ho|qlhokj nlnblrq plrl Ac|acqgcf&

Zhl nozhlr‗q hlckzh pcq toor+ cfj qhl pcq gkk oizlf& Cfzhofw ilkz hgq nozhlr icyorlj hgq

okjlr qgqzlr&

Ahckklf`lq cfj Cqqlzq

Cfzhofw kgelj kgygf` pgzh hgq `rcfjiczhlr cfj ozhlr icngkw nlnblrq cfj rlqlfzlj hgq

nozhlr‗q liiorzq zo hcyl hgn bcae honl pgzh hlr& Hl zho|`hz qhl m|qz pcfzlj hgq q|ttorz

i|fjgf`5 hl hcj fo trgycaw bw kgygf` gf zhl kgygf` roon& Hl pcq cf`rw cz honl cfj czqahook& Hl hcj oizlf bllf q|qtlfjlj ior bcj blhcygor cfj pcq lxtlkklj ior zhl

rlncgfjlr oi zhl qahook wlcr& Hgq nozhlr pcq cf`rw cfj hcj ilp liilazgyl qzrczl`glq zo

q|ttorz hlr ahgkj lxaltz zo aontkcgf cbo|z zhl qahook& Zhl wo|zh pcq t|z of trobczgofior c aonn|fgzw oiilfql cfj hgq trobczgof ao|fqlkor porelj hcrj pgzh zhl icngkw zo

qzcbgkg}l ho|qlhokj zlntlrq& Zhl m|ylfgkl trobczgof ao|fqlkor jgj foz efop zhllj|aczgofck qwqzlnq gf zhl aonn|fgzw cfj q|qtlfqgof pcq zhl forn ior zhl zllf&Cfzhofw eflp hop zo qzcw honl ygc q|qtlfqgof cfj ncel hgq nozhlr cf`rw& Zhcz pcq

zhl ofl zhgf` hl aofzrokklj&

Zhl icngkw rckkglj phlf zhlw ilkz zhl q|ttorz qwqzlnq kc``gf` cfj+ cz zhlql zgnlq+ zhlw

plrl noqz rlqtofqgyl cfj cazgyl& Zhl wo|zh gq gfzlkkg`lfz pgzh `ooj zrcfqilr `rcjlq iron

zhl qahook flcr hgq `rcfjiczhlr‗q honl& Hl zlqzlj fl`czgyl ior q|bqzcfal cb|ql cfj hlofkw `oz gfzo zro|bkl blac|ql hl pcfzlj qtlfjgf` noflw& Hl pcfzlj zo pore cfj `lz o|z

oi zhl honl5 hoplylr+ hl pcq ofkw 3< wlcrq okj& Hgq qgqzlr czzlfjlj cfozhlr qahook

jgqzrgaz cfj qllnlj zo hcyl ilplr ahckklf`lq& Qhl porelj gf c q|bqgjg}lj agzw tro`rcn

j|rgf` zhl q|nnlr cfj hl pcfzlj zo jo zhcz+ zoo&

Acql Ncfc`lnlfz Cazgygzglq

G ygqgzlj zhl icngkw cz honl cfj kgqzlflj zo zhl nlnblrq zlkk zhlgr qzorglq cfj pgqhlq& Hgq

trobczgof ao|fqlkor pcq otlf cfj lc`lr zo troygjl q|ttorz qlrygalq gi zhl icngkw po|kj

tcrzgagtczl rl`|kcrkw& G cqelj ior gf.honl icngkw ao|fqlkgf` cfj cf`lr ncfc`lnlfzqegkkq ior zhl wo|zh ygc m|ylfgkl qlrygalq+ cfj G zcaeklj zhl qahook jgqzrgaz& G cn a|rrlfzkw



2:

kooegf` ior c z|zor ior Cfzhofw zo ellt hgn lf`c`lj gf qahook pore phgkl hl gq of zhlpcgz kgqz ior cf ckzlrfczgyl tro`rcn& Hl pcfzq zo rlz|rf zo hgq honl qahook gf zhl ickk qo

hl ncw rlncgf of z|zorgf` qlrygalq zo tcqq zpo akcqqlq bw wlcr lfj& Z|zorgf` lxtlfqlq

pgkk bl aoylrlj iron c `rcfz cfj pgkk aofzgf|l zhro|`h zhl ickk gi Cfzhofw czzlfjq hgqqlqqgofq rl`|kcrkw& G nlz pgzh qzcii iron hgq honl qahook cfj jlylkotlj c `ooj

rlkczgofqhgt pgzh hgq ao|fqlkor cfj c nckl zlcahlr+ pho tlrqofckkw c`rllj zo lf`c`lCfzhofw& Zhl ahckklf`l pcq cf cjngfgqzrczgyl qzcii nlnblr pho ilkz Cfzhofwgfzgngjczlj ilnckl zlcahlrq cfj qhl eltz q|qtlfjgf` hgn zo trozlaz hlr wo|f` zlcahlr‗q

cbgkgzw zo aofzrok hlr oylraropjlj akcqqroon&

Cfzhofw czzlfjlj pllekw Cf`lr Rlj|azgof Zrcgfgf` (CRZ akcqqlq cfj `rcj|czlj pgzhflp qegkkq cfj cf cbgkgzw zo |fjlrqzcfj cf`lr gf ozhlrq& Nozhlr cfj qof crl tcrzgagtczgf`

gf icngkw ao|fqlkgf` qlqqgofq cfj hl qllnq zo kgel zhl ao|fqlkor cfj zhl troalqq& Hl

illkq hl acf rlz|rf zo qahook cfj rlncgf gf qahook& Honl gq gntroygf`+ cfj hgq nozhlrillkq rlkgli&

G obzcgflj cf cttkgaczgof ior zhl q|nnlr pore/lj|aczgof tro`rcn hgq qgqzlr tcrzgagtczljgf kcqz q|nnlr cfj tlrqofckkw qtoel zo c tro`rcn ncfc`lr zo qll gi Cfzhofw ao|kj

tcrzgagtczl gf gz zhgq q|nnlr& Zhlw c`rllj zo `gyl nl cf cttkgaczgof cfj zo `gyl gz hlcyw

aofqgjlrczgof ior lfrokknlfz& Hgq nozhlr gq tklcqlj zhcz G cn cjyoaczgf` ior hlr qof& Hl

hcq c pllekw mob+ fop+ poregf` ior zhl qahook jgqzrgaz cqqgqzgf` zhl zrcae cfj iglkjncfc`lr pgzh zhl qtrgf` qlcqof& Hl rltorzq zo zhl jgqzrgaz qzcjg|n cizlr qahook+ `lzq hgq

kof` m|nt/zrgtkl m|nt cqqg`fnlfz cfj rlncgfq cz pore |fzgk zhl kcqz lylfz gq hlkj cfj hl

gq jgqngqqlj& Hl gq lcrfgf` noflw+ tcrzgagtczgf` gf cf cttrotrgczl cazgygzw cfj klcrfgf` zoncgfzcgf c zgnl acrj+ zcel jgrlazgof+ cfj qhop gfgzgczgyl&

Cfzhofw gq czzlfjgf` ckk hgq cqqg`flj akcqqlq cfj qlrygalq& Hl gq poregf` pllekw+ hcq foz

rl.oiilfjlj cfj gq lc`lr zo czzlfj z|zorgf` cfj q|nnlr pore& Hgq o|zaonl gq lxalkklfz+

cfj zhl icngkw honl gq tlcali|k& Hl hcq c flp trobczgof ao|fqlkor cfj qhl gq cfcjyoaczl ior hgn cfj pgkkgf` zo czzlfj qahook nllzgf`q cfj aofzgf|l ckk zhl qlrygalq gf

tkcal&

Ckzlrfczl Qzrczl`glq

Phlf G rlalgylj zhl acql+ Cfzhofw hcj ckrlcjw bllf q|qtlfjlj ior qlylrck jcwq+ cfj G

jgj foz hcyl c aklcr |fjlrqzcfjgf` oi zhl qahook‗q toqgzgof& Ofkw cizlr poregf` pgzh hgqao|fqlkor of c qahlj|kl ahcf`l+ jgj G igfj o|z cbo|z zhl zlcahlr pho aontkcgflj cbo|z

hgq cazgofq gf hlr akcqqroon& Zhl wo|zh ncjl c bg` ngqzcel norl zhcf ofal cfj zhl

qahook flljlj zo q|ttorz zhlgr wo|f` zlcahlr pgzh c nlfzor cfj jgqagtkgfl qzrczl`glq&Cfzhofw pcq foz zhl ofkw jgqr|tzgyl qz|jlfz+ cfj zhl akcqqroon gq tcrz oi c flpkw

or`cfg}lj qnckk qahook tro`rcn gfqgjl c zrcjgzgofck b|gkjgf`& Zhlrl plrl fo otzgofq ior

zrcfqilr blac|ql ofkw c ilp gfqzr|azorq zc|`hz 7zh

`rcjl akcqqlq& G po|kj hcyl cqelj zhlcjngfgqzrczorq zo troygjl qonl egfj oi tro`rcn or cjngfgqzrczgylkw zrcfqilr Cfzhofw zo

cfozhlr b|gkjgf` ior hgq 7zh `rcjl wlcr bliorl hl blacnl c zcr`lz ior zhl zlcahlr cfj

cjngfgqzrczor&



2<

Zwrlkk


Zwrlkk gq c 39 wlcr okj Cirgacf Cnlrgacf wo|zh kgygf` gf c qzczl.q|ttorzlj honl pgzh

kgzzkl aofzcaz iron hgq bgoko`gack icngkw& Hl s|ckgiglq |fjlr GJLC cq flljgf` 344, qlki aofzcgflj akcqqroon gfqzr|azgof cfj yoaczgofck zrcgfgf`& Hl zlqzlj toqgzgyl ior q|bqzcfalcb|ql phgkl |fjlr zhl q|tlrygqgof oi m|ylfgkl qlrygalq& Hl aofzgf|lq zo bl q|tlrygqlj bw

c trobczgof ao|fqlkor& Hl gq a|rrlfzkw kgygf` o|z oi zhl qahook jgqzrgaz pgzh hgq Cirgacf

Cnlrgacf ioqzlr tcrlfz cfj hlr nozhlr‗q lxzlfjlj icngkw& Zhl honl gq aropjlj+irglfjkw+ cfj ylrw or`cfg}lj& Zhlrl crl lg`hz nlnblrq oi zhl ho|qlhokj cfj hl qllq hgq

trgor ioqzlr nozhlr jcgkw blac|ql qhl kgylq |tqzcgrq+ cfj hgq a|rrlfz `|crjgcf gq hlr

jc|`hzlr&

Zhl kcqz zpo wlcrq oi qahookgf`+ phgkl hl pcq kgygf` pgzh hgq bgoko`gack iczhlr+ rlq|kzlj gf

qlylrck q|qtlfqgofq+ zr|cfaw gqq|lq cfj oiilfqlq gf zhl aonn|fgzw& Zhl koack trobczgof

oiigal hcj hgn |fjlr q|tlrygqgof of trgor nczzlrq cfj hl ilkz koqz+ ckofl cfj cbcfjoflj&Hl qcgj hgq iczhlr po|kj oizlf ygqgzlj+ b|z hl jgj foz troygjl igfcfagck q|ttorz ior Zwrlkk&

Hgq bgoko`gack nozhlr koqz a|qzojw oi hgn j|l zo hlr of`ogf` jr|` |ql j|rgf` hlr

trl`fcfaw& Hl pcq tkcalj gf ioqzlr acrl blac|ql hgq iczhlr ao|kj foz bl koaczlj cz zhlzgnl& Phlf hl pcq zpo wlcrq okj+ hgq iczhlr zrglj zo acrl ior hgn+ b|z hl hcq bllf gf cfj

o|z oi acrl pgzh hgq ioqzlr nozhlr‗q icngkw ior wlcrq&


Zwrlkk flljlj lfrokknlfz gf hgq rlqgjgf` jgqzrgaz cfj hgq ioqzlr tcrlfzq plrl foz q|rl hop

zo zrcfqilr hgn qgfal zhlw ao|kj foz koaczl hgq iczhlr ior tlrngqqgof or c ahcf`l oi

`|crjgcfqhgt& Hl icgklj zo czzlfj qahook ior qlylrck jcwq+ pcq q|qtlfjlj ior toqqlqqgof

cfj hcj fo zrcfqilr `rcjlq& Hl flljlj GLT gfqzr|azgofck nczlrgckq cfj c qlki aofzcgfljakcqqroon ior q|aalqq& Zwrlkk |qlj jr|`q qtorcjgackkw phlf foz gf hgq flp honl&

Cfozhlr ahckklf`l pcq igfcfagck5 hgq ioqzlr icngkw pcfzlj qzczl q|ttorz ior zhl wo|zh& Hlacnl pgzh fo akozhlq+ qholq or nljgack aoylrc`l&

Zwrlkk pcq of aonn|fgzw q|tlrygqgof cfj flljlj akoql nofgzorgf` zo ncgfzcgf hgqtkcalnlfz&

Poregf` pgzh hgq tkcalnlfz icngkw gq c tklcq|rl+ cfj zhlgr hg`h lxtlazczgofq ior Zwrlkkcrl cf cqqlz& Zhlw pgkk foz zoklrczl jr|` |ql+ b|z pgkk q|ttorz hgn gf czzlfjgf` o|ztczglfz

zrlcznlfz& Hgq trgor ioqzlr nozhlr eflp hgq iczhlr+ qtoel rlqtlazi|kkw oi hgn gf irofz oi

Zwrlkk cfj pcfzlj bozh tcrzglq zo hcyl c toqgzgyl rlkczgofqhgt& Qhl pcq pgkkgf` zotcrzgagtczl gf icngkw ao|fqlkgf` cfj gfak|jl ckk nlnblrq oi zhl ho|qlhokj qo lylrwoflpo|kj efop zhl lxtlazczgofq& Ckk zhl ozhlr ahgkjrlf gf zhl icngkw czzlfj qahook jcgkw cfj

tcqq zhlgr akcqqlq&


G crrcf`lj zo nllz hgq tkcalnlfz nozhlr cz zhl lfrokknlfz alfzlr ior hgq flp jgqzrgaz+ cfjG jgqa|qqlj zhl icngkw qgz|czgof pgzh zhlgr tlrqofflk& G icagkgzczlj lfrokknlfz oi zhl wo|zh



29

cfj bro|`hz hgq gnn|fg}czgofq+ GLT cfj zrcfqargtzq& Hl pcq gnnljgczlkw `gylf c ahogaloi akcqqlq cfj tkcalj gf cf cttrotrgczl lj|aczgofck tro`rcn& Gz gq blfligagck ior c Acql

Ncfc`lr zo brgf` ckk flalqqcrw joa|nlfzq phlf lfrokkgf` c qz|jlfz gf qahook&

Flxz+ G prozl zhl Jltcrznlfz oi Qoagck cfj Hlckzh Qlrygalq (JQHQ c klzzlr lxtkcgfgf`

zhl honl qgz|czgof cfj zhl fllj ior q|ttorz i|fjq ior zhl icngkw& Zhl icngkw foprlalgylq igfcfagck q|ttorz zo hlkt zhl wo|zh pgzh hgq flljq& Hgq trobczgof ao|fqlkortroygjlj gf.honl icngkw ao|fqlkgf` cfj zhl lfzgrl ho|qlhokj tcrzgagtczlj gf zhlgr pllekw

qlqqgofq& G porelj of o|ztczglfz zrlcznlfz cfj igfckkw io|fj cf gfflr agzw `ro|t zhcz

troygjlq cazgygzglq+ qtorzq cfj iglkj zrgtq ckof` pgzh pllekw ao|fqlkgf`&

O|zaonl

G cn otzgngqzga ior hgq o|zaonl gq cq kof` cq hl rlncgfq pgzh hgq a|rrlfz icngkw cfj gq

irll iron jr|`q& Qllgf` hgq iczhlr gq foz blfligagck |fklqq hgq iczhlr ahooqlq zo ygqgz hgncz honl& Zhl wo|zh gq a|rrlfzkw lf`c`lj gf qahook+ hcttw cfj jr|` irll&



20

Moqh

Moqh+ c 3< wlcr okj nckl cfj 34zh `rcjlr+ pcq rlilrrlj zo zhl MGQZ (M|ylfgkl GfzlrylfzgofQlrygalq Zr|cfaw Tro`rcn zhro|`h zhl Mohfqof Ao|fzw Jgqzrgaz Czzorflw‗q oiigal& Hl

hcj m|qz bllf rlklcqlj iron M|ylfgkl M|qzgal C|zhorgzw a|qzojw cfj rlz|rflj honl phlf

hl pcq tkcalj gf zhl Zr|cfaw Acql Ncfc`lnlfz Tro`rcn& Phgkl gf c `ro|t honl hgq`rcjlq cfj czzlfjcfal gntroylj+ b|z qoof cizlr hl rlz|rflj honl+ zr|cfaw blacnl cfgqq|l c`cgf&

Hgq MGQZ acqlporelr klcrflj zhcz Moqh cfj hgq gnnljgczl icngkw hcj bllf gf cfj o|z oi zhl qwqzln qlylrck zgnlq& Cz zhl zgnl Moqh pcq qg`flj gfzo zhl tro`rcn+ bozh tcrlfzq

plrl of trobczgof zhlnqlkylq& Ofal gf zhl tro`rcn zhl acqlporelr jgqaoylrlj zhrll

ncgf gqq|lq zhcz klj zo Moqh‗q zr|cfaw= ckaohok cfj jr|` cb|ql bw Moqh cfj ozhlr icngkwnlnblrq+ jonlqzga ygoklfal cfj fl`czgyl qgbkgf` rokl nojlkq pho plrl jlkgfs|lfz

zhlnqlkylq&

Ckaohok cfj jr|` cb|ql+ qtlagigackkw ncrgm|cfc |ql+ plrl |qlj cq Moqh‗q rlarlczgofckcazgygzw cfj j|rgf` zhl tro`rcn hl hcj c toqgzgyl jr|` qarllf& Hl pcq qzr|``kgf` pgzh

hgq `rcjlq cfj icgklj ckk b|z zpo akcqqlq& Ckof` pgzh rlqo|ralq ior q|bqzcfal cb|ql

rlkctql zrlcznlfz+ Moqh cfj hgq icngkw plrl `gylf f|nblrq ior iooj cfj |zgkgzw cqqgqzcfalcfj jonlqzga ygoklfal gfzlrylfzgof& Hgq tcrlfzq‗ gqq|lq oi jonlqzga ygoklfal cfj

q|bqzcfal cb|ql rltorzljkw jlarlcqlj cq c rlq|kz oi zhlgr blgf` of trobczgof cfj ckqo

hcygf` c jlqgrl zo ellt zhlgr qof bozh gf qahook cfj cz honl&

J|rgf` zhl 32.plle tro`rcn+ Moqh+ `|gjlj bw hgq acqlporelr+ bl`cf zo ioa|q of hgq

gfjgygj|ck qzrlf`zhq cfj hop zo ellt iron rlz|rfgf` zo a|qzojw& Hl qlz `ockq ior hgnqlki

gf zhl crlcq oi Lj|aczgof+ Qoagckg}czgof+ Gjlfzgzw+ Ciilazgof+ Hlckzh cfj Laofonga

Qgz|czgof&

Phgkl of zhl tro`rcn+ Moqh‗q qahook czzlfjcfal jrcnczgackkw gntroylj cq jgj hgq `rcjlq&Of hgq kcqz tro`rlqq rltorz+ hl lcrflj ckk C‗q cfj hcq foz ngqqlj c qgf`kl jcw oi qahook qo

icr zhgq wlcr& Zo qcw zhcz hl q|aalqqi|kkw aontklzlj zhl tro`rcn po|kj bl cf

|fjlrqzczlnlfz&



28

Mlrlnw


Mlrlnw pcq zhl fgalqz ahrofgackkw zr|cfz egj G hcyl efopf . tot|kcr+ hcfjqonl+

ahcrngf`+ cfj czhklzga& Hl pcq 39 cz lfrokknlfz gf nw Qzcw gf Qahook Tro`rcn cfj hcjlylrw gfzlfzgof oi ògf` zo qahook jcgkw+ b|z hl jgj foz `lz |t gf zhl norfgf` cfj hgqicngkw jgj foz pcfz zhl mob oi pcegf` hgn& Hl hcj cf czzlfzgof jgqorjlr+ hcj

nljgaczgofq b|z cz zgnlq jgj foz zcel zhln+ cfj hgq tcrlfzq plrl zgrlj oi igkkgf`

trlqargtzgofq& Mlrlnw pcq Ac|acqgcf+ zckk cfj czhklzga+ b|z pgzh io|rzh `rcjl nczh qegkkqcfj 7zh `rcjl rlcjgf` qegkkq& Hgq iczhlr pcq cf ckaohokga cfj hgq nozhlr hcj c mob noqz oi

zhl zgnl& Hgq qgqzlr hcj `rcj|czlj cfj czzlfjlj aonn|fgzw aokkl`l cfj porelj& Phlf G

gfzlryglplj hlr+ qhl qcgj qhl hcj m|qz òzzlf zgrlj oi hlr brozhlr cfj hop hl ncfgt|kczljhlr tcrlfzq+ qo qhl kliz honl&

Zhl wo|zh pcq of q|tlrygqgof cfj aontklzlj trobczgof pgzho|z czzlfjgf` qahook&


Mlrlnw c`rllj zo jo lylrwzhgf` b|z icgklj zo iokkop zhro|`h pgzh hgq gfzlfzgofq& Hl jgj

foz zcel hgq nljgaczgofq rl`|kcrkw+ cfj qcgj hl jgj foz kgel hop gz ncjl hgn illk& Hlhwtlr ioa|qlj of bcqlbckk cfj pcq c qzcr tgzahlr gf c koack trlnglr klc`|l& Hl pcfzlj zo

tkcw ior zhl qahook ycrqgzw zlcn+ b|z hl ao|kj foz s|ckgiw blac|ql oi hgq `rcjlq cfj

czzlfjcfal& Mlrlnw eflp hgq `cnl qahlj|kl cfj ao|kj ncel lylrw trcazgal+ `cnl+ cfjzlcn nllzgf`& Bcqlbckk pcq hgq nozhlr‗q icyorgzl qtorz cfj qhl q|ttorzlj hlr qof bw

rcgqgf` i|fjq ior zhl zlcn&

Zhl icngkw honl pcq nojlqz cfj zhlrl plrl ckpcwq egjq cro|fj cfj icngkw irglfjq& G

qlfqlj zhcz gz pcq caaltzcbkl zo hgq icngkw ior Cfzhofw zo qegt qahook+ cfj blac|ql hlpcq cf czhklzl+ hl io|fj caaltzcfal+ rlao`fgzgof cfj icnl& Hl plfz zo tron pgzh hgq

`grkirglfj cfj jgj foz hcyl zo pore blac|ql oi trcazgal or zlcn nllzgf`q& Zhlrl crl folxtlazczgofq ior hgn lxaltz zo tkcw troilqqgofck bcqlbckk&

Acql Ncfc`lnlfz CazgygzglqGz zooe nl cphgkl zo |fjlrqzcfj zhl icngkw jwfcngaq cfj hgqzorw& Lylf zho|`h hgq blqz

`rcjlq plrl gf yoaczgofck akcqqlq+ G ao|kj foz `lz Mlrlnw gfzlrlqzlj gf acrllr zlqzgf` or

akcqqlq& Hl po|kj rlqtofj bw czzlfjgf` zlcn nllzgf`q blac|ql hl kgelj ckk zhl ozhlrQzcw gf Qahook nlnblrq cfj hl pcfzlj cf gfalfzgyl ahlae ior tcrzgagtczgf` gf zlcn

yoaczgofck cazgygzglq&

G qtlfz zgnl pgzh hgq nozhlr zrwgf` zo |fjlrqzcfj hgq qahook icgk|rl& Phlf G ygqgzlj zhlicngkw gf zhl kczl norfgf`+ hgq tcrlfzq plrl gf blj& G ncjl crrcf`lnlfzq ior tqwahgczrga

lyck|czgofq+ jr|` qarllfgf`q+ lza& Hgq trobczgof ao|fqlkor cfj G nlz qlylrck zgnlq cfj G

eltz hgn gfiornlj oi Mlrlnw‗q tcrzgagtczgof gf nw tro`rcn& Mlrlnw aontklzljtrobczgof lylf zho|`h hl jgj foz ò zo qahook& G lfrokklj hgn gf zpo ckzlrfczgyl tromlazq+

b|z hl ckpcwq icgklj zo czzlfj& Hgq qahook jgqzrgaz igklj c zr|cfaw tlzgzgof b|z hl ncfc`ljzo cyogj aofqls|lfalq&



14

Cnw


Cnw pcq c 3< wlcr okj 7zh `rcjl `grk (borf gf zhl \&Q&+ pho kgylj pgzh hlr nozhlr& Hlr

tcrlfzq crl iron Lzhgotgc cfj zhlw qltcrczlj gf 2444& Iczhlr kgylq o|z oi qzczl& Zhl ahgkjhcj fo hlckzh gqq|lq&


Cnw acnl zo zhl czzlfzgof oi zhl acql ncfc`lr j|l zo c zr|cfaw tlzgzgof zhcz hcj

bllf igklj bw zhl qahook jgqzrgaz& Zhl qahook ao|fqlkor hcj rltorzlj zhcz zhl wo|zh hcj c

bg` trobkln pgzh qegttgf` akcqqlq+ ncgfkw Kcf`|c`l Crzq cfj Hgqzorw& Cnw‗q czzlfjcfalgntroylj cizlr c qahook nllzgf` pgzh hlr cfj hlr nozhlr& Hoplylr+ hlr czzlfjcfal

blacnl trobklnczga c`cgf cizlr Cnw rcf cpcw iron honl&

Cnw‗q nozhlr pcq aofalrflj pgzh hlr jc|`hzlr‗q czzlfjcfal cfj pgzh hlr foz

iokkopgf` ho|ql r|klq& Nozhlr rltorzlj zhl wo|zh po|kj ò cfj aonl cq qhl tklcqlq cfjlf`c`l gf rlaeklqq cazgygzglq& Nozhlr pcq ckqo porrglj cbo|z pho Cnw pcq qtlfjgf` hlr

zgnl pgzh& Nozhlr rltorzlj zhcz j|rgf` ofl oaacqgof Cnw hcj c bow oylr j|rgf` qahook

ho|rq cfj zhlw plrl hcygf` qlx& Cnw cjngzzlj zhcz qhl jgj hcyl c bow oylr zo hlr ho|qlb|z ofkw ior zlf ngf|zlq j|rgf` zhl jcw phlf qhl qho|kj hcyl bllf gf qahook& Qhl ckqo

hcq ncjl ckkl`czgofq zhcz nozhlr blcz hlr& Cnw rltorzlj phlf zhlw kgylj gf Lzhgotgc hlr

iczhlr po|kj blcz hlr cfj nozhlr cq plkk& Zhl nozhlr cjngzzlj zhcz zhlw |ql thwqgackjgqagtkgfl zo t|fgqh zhlgr jc|`hzlr+ b|z qzczlj zhcz flgzhlr qhl for hlr iczhlr ‛blcz„ Cnw&

Cnw aontkcgflj zhcz hlr nozhlr jolq foz klz hlr jo cfwzhgf` or ò cfwphlrl

pgzho|z hlr nozhlr‗q q|tlrygqgof& Qhl ckqo rltorzlj zhcz hlr nozhlr pcfzlj hlr zo hcf`

o|z ofkw pgzh N|qkgn irglfjq& Hlr nozhlr rltorzq qhl ofkw pcfzq hlr zo rlircgf iron

hcf`gf` o|z pgzh bcj tlotkl cfj blkglylj qonl oi Cnw‗q irglfjq ncw bl `cf` ciigkgczlj&Zhl qahook jgqzrgaz igklj c zr|cfaw tlzgzgof cfj pcq gf zhl troalqq oi qzcrzgf` zhl aofzlntz

troalqq&


Cq acql ncfc`lr G qtoel pgzh zhl qahook ao|fqlkor pho rltorzlj zhcz qhl cqelj

zhl nozhlr zo aonl cfj zcke zo nl cbo|z ozhlr rlqo|ralq cfj toqqgbkl rlilrrckq& G nlz pgzh

zhl nozhlr+ jgqa|qqlj zhl gqq|lq (kgqzlj cboyl cfj oiilrlj cqqgqzcfal& Zhl nozhlrrltorzlj zhcz Cnw hcj tcrzgagtczlj gf gfjgygj|ck ao|fqlkgf`+ b|z zhlw hcj foz zrglj cfw

icngkw ao|fqlkgf`& Zhl acql ncfc`lr ckqo qtoel pgzh zhl nozhlr cbo|z igkgf` cf Cz.Rgqe.

Wo|zh tlzgzgof& Hlr nozhlr qcgj qhl po|kj kgel zo igkl ofl+ cfj jgj& J|rgf` zhl ao|rql oi poregf` pgzh zhl icngkw+ zhl acql ncfc`lr rlilrrlj zhl icngkw zo icngkw ao|fqlkgf`+ cprctcro|fj q|ttorz tro`rcn cfj zo c `cf` cpcrlflqq cfj trlylfzgof tro`rcn&

Zhl acql ncfc`lr aofzcazlj zhl icngkw cfj ozhlr aonn|fgzw.bcqlj troygjlrq

pllekw zo qll hop zhgf`q plrl ògf`& J|rgf` zhl ao|rql oi zpo wlcrq+ Cnw hcj qlylrckpcrrcfzq gqq|lj ior hlr crrlqz ior lgzhlr icgk|rl zo cttlcr or ior klcygf` hlr ao|rz.orjlrlj

tkcalnlfz& Cq c rlq|kz+ qhl plfz zhro|`h qlylrck qcfazgofq gfak|jgf` prgzgf` booe rltorzq



13

cfj tctlrq+ tlriorngf` aonn|fgzw qlrygal ho|rq+ jcw rltorzgf`+ pore arlp+ cfj qla|rljlzlfzgof&

Zhl acql ncfc`lr jlylkotlj c `ooj poregf` rlkczgofqhgt pgzh Cnw cfj hlr nozhlr cfjiron zgnl zo zgnl pcq cbkl zo nljgczl cfj ao|fqlk bozh zo cqqgqz zhln gf |fjlrqzcfjgf`

zhl ao|rz troalqq cfj fcyg`czgf` zhro|`h qlrygalq&

Zhl O|zaonl

Cizlr c kof` rocj+ Cnw qzcrzlj czzlfjgf` qahook jcgkw+ elltgf` hlr ao|fqlkgf`

cttogfznlfzq+ iokkopgf` ho|ql r|klq cfj foz r|ffgf` cpcw iron honl& Cq c rlq|kz+ hlrnozhlr ckkoplj Cnw norl zgnl pgzh hlr tro.qoagck irglfjq+ phgah hcj c toqgzgyl gntcaz

of zhl nozhlr /jc|`hzlr rlkczgofqhgt& Cnw‗q nozhlr aonnlfzlj zhcz qhl gq zckegf` ‛pgzh„

hlr jc|`hzlr+ gfqzlcj oi ‛cz„ hlr jc|`hzlr&

Zhl acql ncfc`lr rlalfzkw hcj aofzcaz pgzh Cnw pho rltorzlj zhcz qhl gq lfrokklj gf c

aonn|fgzw aokkl`l cfj zhcz qhl cfj hlr nozhlr hcyl c `ooj rlkczgofqhgt&

Qlylrck icazorq aofzrgb|zlj zo zhgq icngkw‗q q|aalqq& Igrqz+ bozh Cnw cfj hlr nozhlr plrl

pgkkgf` zo lf`c`l gf qlrygalq cfj plrl otlf zo zrwgf` qonlzhgf` flp& Zhl acql ncfc`lr

gq jo|bzi|k zhcz zhgq icngkw po|kj hcyl bllf aofflazlj zo zhl aonn|fgzw qlrygalqpgzho|z acql ncfc`lnlfz& Caalqq zo zhl aonn|fgzw.bcqlj qlrygalq zhcz plrl troygjlj zo

zhl icngkw rls|grlj aokkcborczgof blzpllf zhl acql ncfc`lr cfj zhl tlrqof or c`lfaw

troygjgf` zhl qlrygalq&



12

Ncre


Ncre pcq c 39 wlcr okj 34 zh `rcjl bow+ borf gf zhl \&Q& Hl kgylq pgzh hgq nozhlr cfj

iczhlr of cf gqkcfj flcr Qlczzkl& Jlqtgzl zhl icaz zhcz hgq nozhlr cfj iczhlr crl phllkahcgrbo|fj+ zhlw crl ylrw nobgkl&


Ncre acnl zo zhl czzlfzgof oi zhl acql ncfc`lr j|l zo hgq cqqgqzcfz trgfagtck pho hcj

gfs|grlj cbo|z toqqgbkl rlqo|ralq cfj igkgf` gfiornczgof& Zhl acql ncfc`lr‗q

|fjlrqzcfjgf` pcq zhcz Ncre hcj bllf zcegf` cjycfzc`l oi hgq tcrlfzq‗ gfcbgkgzw zo ellt|t pgzh hgn& Ncre po|kj foz ncgfzcgf rl`|kcr qahook czzlfjcfal+ cfj cz zgnlq hl po|kj

foz aonl honl of zgnl ior a|rilp& Ncre hcj ckqo bllf ylrbckkw cb|qgyl zo hgq tcrlfzq&


Zhl acql ncfc`lr qtoel pgzh zhl cqqgqzcfz trgfagtck pho rltorzlj zhcz zhl qahook hcj

zrglj c f|nblr oi gfzlrylfzgofq pgzh Ncre cfj hgq tcrlfzq gf orjlr zo cqqgqz Ncre gfczzlfjgf` qahook of c norl rl`|kcr bcqgq& Zhl cqqgqzcfz trgfagtck ckqo rltorzlj zhcz Ncre

hcj ofkw hcj zpo jgqagtkgfl rlilrrckq& Zhl acql ncfc`lr plfz zo zhl qahook zo pore pgzh

zhl qzcii of igkgf` zhlgr tlzgzgof cfj ckqo aofj|azlj zpo honl ygqgzq pgzh zhl icngkw&Ncre‗q tcrlfzq rltorzlj zhcz hl hcj bllf trlqargblj nljgaczgof ior jltrlqqgof b|z zhcz hl

pcq fo kof`lr zcegf` gz& Zhlw ckqo rltorzlj zhcz zhlw hcj bllf jgkg`lfz gf qzrlqqgf` zhl

gntorzcfal oi lj|aczgof zo Ncre&

Zhl acql ncfc`lr porelj pgzh zhl tcrlfzq+ nlfzck hlckzh ao|fqlkor+ cfj qahook zo aonl|t pgzh cf czzlfjcfal c`rllnlfz zhcz Ncre po|kj bl cbkl zo iokkop& Zhl acql ncfc`lr

ckqo porelj pgzh Ncre gf kooegf` cz ozhlr lj|aczgofck ckzlrfczgylq& Ckzho|`h zhlrl plrlfoz ncfw gf zhl crlc+ Ncre pcq ylrw lxagzlj cbo|z zhl ALO (Acrllr Lj|aczgof Otzgofq

tro`rcn cz zhl aonn|fgzw aokkl`l& Ncre c`rllj hl po|kj czzlfj qahook lylrwjcw gf

orjlr zo qhop zhl ALO tro`rcn hl pcq qlrgo|q cbo|z hgq lj|aczgof&

Zhl O|zaonl

Ncre qzcrzlj czzlfjgf` qahook lcah jcw cfj pcq kooegf` iorpcrj zo czzlfjgf` zhl ALO

tro`rcn gf zhl ickk&

Rlalfzkw+ zhl acql ncfc`lr hcj aofzcaz pgzh zhl trlygo|q cqqgqzcfz trgfagtck+ pho gq fopzhl trgfagtck+ cfj hl rltorzlj zhcz Ncre a|rrlfzkw hcq c mob cfj gq jogf` plkk&

Zhl q|aalqq oi zhgq qzorw aonlq iron zhl tcrlfzq‗ cbgkgzw zo oylraonl zhlgr opfjgqcbgkgzglq cfj iron zhl acql ncfc`lr‗q liiorz zo zrcae jopf lylrw qlrygal cycgkcbkl cq

plkk cq czzlfj lylrw qahook nllzgf` cfj ao|rz hlcrgf`& Zhl acql ncfc`lr pcq cbkl zo hlkt



11

ellt zhl icngkw zo`lzhlr cfj aonn|fgaczgf` cz zhgq zgnl+ cfj bw lqzcbkgqhgf` rcttorz pgzhzhl wo|zh+ pcq cbkl zo hlkt hgn ncel c toqgzgyl lj|aczgofck jlagqgof&



1:

Nckcwc

Bcae`ro|fj oi zhl Qz|jlfz cfj IcngkwNckcwc pcq c 3<.wlcr.okj 7zh `rcjl Igkgtgfo `grk pho kgylj cz honl pgzh hlr tcrlfzq cfj

hlr 33.wlcr.okj qgqzlr& Bozh oi Nckcwc‗q tcrlfzq porelj o|zqgjl oi zhl honl& Hlr nozhlr

noylj zo zhl \fgzlj Qzczlq gf 3771& Hlr iczhlr cfj bozh jc|`hzlrq noylj gf 2443&


Nckcwc‗q iczhlr rltorzlj zhcz hgq pgil pcq jgiiga|kz zo aonn|fgaczl pgzh+ qz|bborf+ zckelj

c koz+ cfj rli|qlj zo kgqzlf& Zhl iczhlr ckqo jlqargblj Nckcwc cq blgf` ‛o|z oi aofzrok„&Qhl pcq zr|cfz iron qahook+ rcf cpcw iron honl+ cfj jgj foz oblw zhl a|rilp& Nckcwc‗q

iczhlr rltorzlj zhcz hl io|fj hlr cz hlr bowirglfj‗q ho|ql j|rgf` qahook ho|rq& J|l zo

Nckcwc‗q icgk|rl zo ncgfzcgf rl`|kcr qahook czzlfjcfal+ zhl qahook jgqzrgaz igklj c zr|cfawtlzgzgof pgzh zhl M|ylfgkl Ao|rz&

Nckcwc qzczlj zhcz hlr nozhlr zckelj zoo n|ah+ jgjf‗z kgqzlf+ cfj klaz|rlj hlr cbo|z hlr

blhcygor& Qhl ckqo qzczlj zhcz hlr tcrlfzq cr`|lj blac|ql hlr nozhlr pcfzlj lylrwzhgf`hlr pcw& Nckcwc rltorzlj zhcz qhl jgj foz kgel blgf` pgzh hlr icngkw blac|ql hlr tcrlfzq

plrl zoo qzrgaz cfj zhlw jgj foz zr|qz hlr& Nckcwc‗q iczhlr cfj nozhlr (of rcrl oaacqgofq

nlz pgzh zhl bgkgf`|ck zlcahlr+ ao|fqlkor cfj cqqgqzcfz trgfagtck zo pore zhro|`h qonl oi zhlgr icngkw gqq|lq&

Acql Ncfc`lnlfz CazgygzglqZhl zr|cfaw tlzgzgof pcq rlkczgylkw flp+ cfj zhl qahook jgqzrgaz hcj m|qz bl`|f zhl

aofzlntz troalqq cz zhl zgnl zhl acql ncfc`lr nlz pgzh Nckcwc‗q iczhlr zo cqqgqz hgn

pgzh igkgf` cf Cz.Rgqe.Wo|zh (CRW tlzgzgof& Zhl ao|rz `rcfzlj zhl tlzgzgof cfj orjlrlj

Nckcwc zo iokkop zhl ao|rz orjlr& Zhl ao|rz ckqo orjlrlj zhl tcrlfzq zo czzlfj tcrlfzgf`

akcqqlq& Nckcwc‗q iczhlr gfjgaczlj (of zhl rlaorj zhcz hl porelj zhl `rcylwcrj qhgiz cfjgz po|kj bl jgiiga|kz ior hgn zo czzlfj zhl akcqqlq& Hlr nozhlr jgj foz lfrokk gf zhl

tcrlfzgf` akcqqlq cfj hcj foz tcrzgagtczlj gf zhl CRW troalqq+ jlqtgzl aofzgf|o|qlfao|rc`lnlfz iron zhl acql ncfc`lr+ gfak|jgf` f|nlro|q thofl ackkq+ ncgkgf`q+ cfj

rlilrrckq zo a|kz|rckkw cttrotrgczl qlrygal troygjlrq&

Zhl O|zaonl

Nckcwc hcj io|r pcrrcfzq gqq|lj ior hlr crrlqz oylr c fgfl.nofzh tlrgoj& Hoplylr+ hlr

tcrlfzq jlagjlj foz zo hcyl zhl pcrrcfz qlrylj of hlr cz qahook+ qgfal qhl qzcrzljczzlfjgf` qahook of c norl rl`|kcr bcqgq& Cz ofl togfz+ Nckcwc‗q nozhlr pcq ao|rz.

orjlrlj zo cttlcr cz zhl flxz hlcrgf`& Qhl cttlcrlj cfj qzcrzlj zcegf` zhl CRW troalqq

qlrgo|qkw& Flcr zhl lfj oi zhl acql ncfc`lr‗q gfyokylnlfz+ Nckcwc cfj hlr nozhlr bl`cfzo aonn|fgaczl norl liilazgylkw& Nckcwc qzottlj r|ffgf` cpcw iron honl cfj qhl cfjhlr tcrlfzq rltorzlj ‛zhgf`q crl n|ah blzzlr&„



1<

C}g}c


C}g}c pcq c 39.wlcr.okj 34zh `rcjl `grk borf gf zhl \&Q& zo Qonckg tcrlfzq& Qhl kgylj pgzh

hlr nozhlr gf t|bkga ho|qgf`& C}g}c hcq fo ozhlr qgbkgf`q cfj fo hgqzorw oi q|bqzcfalcb|ql&


C}g}c‗q nozhlr rltorzlj zhcz qhl pcq foz iokkopgf` zhl ho|ql r|klq+ foz czzlfjgf` qahook

of c rl`|kcr bcqgq cfj pcq ylrbckkw cb|qgyl& Zhl nozhlr ckqo rltorzlj zhcz cq c rlq|kz oi

C}g}c‗q gfaofqgqzlfz qahook czzlfjcfal+ zhl qahook jgqzrgaz hcj igklj c zr|cfaw tlzgzgof+ b|zhcj wlz zo igkl c nozgof ior aofzlntz& C}g}c‗q nozhlr rltorzlj zhcz qhl irls|lfzkw rcf

cpcw iron honl cfj po|kj bl `ofl ior |t zo zlf jcwq cz c zgnl& Qhl ckqo rltorzlj zhcz

zhlw hcj zrglj icngkw ao|fqlkgf`+ b|z zhcz qhl ilkz C}g}c ao|kj blfligz iron qonl

gfjgygj|ck ao|fqlkgf`&


Zhl acql ncfc`lr nlz pgzh C}g}c‗q nozhlr zo jgqa|qq zhl zr|cfaw troalqq& Zhl nozhlrrls|lqzlj cjjgzgofck gfiornczgof of igkgf` cf Cz.Rgqe.Wo|zh (CRW tlzgzgof blac|ql

C}g}c pcq r|ffgf` cpcw iron honl& Zhl acql ncfc`lr lxtkcgflj zhl troalqq cfj

cqqgqzlj zhl nozhlr pgzh igkgf` zhl tlzgzgof& Oylr zhl ao|rql oi io|r nofzhq+ zhl acqlncfc`lr porelj pgzh C}g}c‗q nozhlr+ C}g}c cfj zhl qahook ao|fqlkor zo cjm|qz C}g}c‗q

qahook qahlj|kl cfj zo lfrokklj hlr gf fg`hz akcqqlq& Zhl acql ncfc`lr ckqo rlilrrlj hlr

cfj hlr nozhlr zo c a|kz|rckkw cttrotrgczl qlrygal troygjlr ior gfjgygj|ck cfj icngkw

ao|fqlkgf`&

Zhl O|zaonl

J|rgf` zhl zgnl oi zhl acql ncfc`lr‗q gfyokylnlfz+ C}g}c ofkw rcf cpcw iron honlofal& Qhl igfgqhlj hlr fg`hz qahook akcqqlq cfj qzcrzlj czzlfjgf` qahook rl`|kcrkw& Pgzhgf

io|r nofzhq+ C}g}c‗q nozhlr rltorzlj zhcz qhl ‛ncjl c zozck z|rf.cro|fj cfj pcq fo

kof`lr ylrbckkw cb|qgyl&„ Cq c rlq|kz oi C}g}c cfj hlr nozhlr‗q gntroylj rlkczgofqhgt+hlr nozhlr rls|lqzlj cfj pcq `rcfzlj c jgqngqqck oi zhl CRW tlzgzgof& Zhl acql

ncfc`lr hcq foz hcj aofzcaz pgzh zhl icngkw qgfal zhl jgqngqqck&



19

Q|l= Zhl Toplr oi c Honl Ygqgz

Q|l pcq gf zhl qlaofj `rcjl cfj qlkjon plfz zo qahook& Phlf Q|l jgj ò zo qahook qhlckpcwq cttlcrlj zgrlj cfj ao|kj foz aofalfzrczl& Wo| qll+ Q|l hcj 0: cbqlfalq hlr igrqz

`rcjl wlcr cfj j|rgf` zhl qlaofj `rcjl qhl pcq s|gaekw cttrocahgf` ncfw norl& Zhlrl

plrl thofl ackkq honl cfj oizlfzgnlq lgzhlr zhl thofl pcq jgqaofflazlj or fo oflcfqplrlj& Non po|kj qonlzgnlq ackk iron c tcw thofl zo qcw hlr jc|`hzlr pcq qgae&

Zhl Tromlaz Rlqtlaz Tro`rcn bl`cf zhl qlaofj qlnlqzlr phlf Q|l pcq gf zhl qlaofj

`rcjl& Zhl Aonn|fgzw Cjyoaczl cqqg`flj zo Io|fzcgf Lklnlfzcrw Qahook rlyglplj zhlczzlfjcfal oi ckk qz|jlfzq gf zhl qahook& Q|l‗q czzlfjcfal pcylj c rlj ikc`5 zhl cjyoaczl

eflp qhl hcj zo caz icqz& Qhl ackklj Q|l‗q honl cfj+ wlq+ zhl thofl hcj bllf

jgqaofflazlj& Zhl Cjyoaczl jgj c honl ygqgz cfj gz zooe zgnl bliorl qonlofl cfqplrljzhl joor+ b|z zhl Cjyoaczl aofzgf|lj zo efoae cfj pcgz& Igfckkw+ Q|l‗q nozhlr cfqplrlj&

Zhl cjyoaczl qzczlj+ ‛pl rlckkw ngqq hcygf` Q|l gf qahook+ gq zhlrl cfwzhgf` G acf jo zo

hlkt wo| `lz hlr zo qahook?„ Zhl nozhlr pcq hlqgzcfz cz igrqz+ cq qhl zho|`hz zhl

Cjyoaczl pcq iron zhl Jltcrznlfz oi Qoagck Qlrygalq& Zhl Cjyoaczl lxtkcgflj qhl pcqiron zhl qahook cfj hcj rlqo|ralq zo qhcrl gi zhlrl pcq c trobkln zhcz trohgbgzlj Q|l

blgf` gf qahook& Zhl nozhlr zhlf rlk|azcfzkw gfygzlj zhl Cjyoaczl gf&

Zhl ctcrznlfz pcq koaczlj ckof` c kof` fcrrop hckkpcw |t qlylrck qzcgrq& Zhl qnlkk oi

acz |rgfl igkklj zhl cgr& Zhl cjyoaczl cfj Q|l‗q non plfz gfzo zhl ctcrznlfz cfj cqkllt

of zhl ao|ah pcq Q|l& Zhl cjyoaczl cqelj+ ‛Jo wo| cfj Q|l efop phcz zgnl qahookbl`gfq?„ ‛Wlq„+ nozhlr rltkglj+ b|z Q|l gq qgae zojcw& Zhl Cjyoaczl cqelj+ ‛Phcz acf G

jo zo hlkt?„ Nozhlr qzczlj+ ‛Zhlrl crl ncfw trobklnq cfj G jof‗z efop phlrl zo

bl`gf&„ Zhl nozhlr qzczlj zhcz qhl cfj Q|l n|qz qkllt j|rgf` zhl jcw blac|ql zhl

ctcrznlfz gq gfilqzlj pgzh bczq zhcz crl cazgyl j|rgf` zhl fg`hzzgnl+ cfj zhcz gq phw zhlw

hcyl ncfw aczq& Cfj zhlrl pcq ofl norl zhgf`5 c bcz hcj bgzzlf Q|l zhl fg`hz bliorl&Zhl Cjyoaczl zhlf h|rrglj oylr zo Q|l zo qll gi qhl pcq ckk rg`hz& Zhl Cjyoaczl zhlf

zooe Q|l cfj hlr nozhlr zo zhl lnlr`lfaw roon ior zrlcznlfz& Q|l bl`cf hlr qlrglq oi rcbglq qhozq zhcz jcw&

Zhl Cjyoaczl zhlf eflp zhgq pcq m|qz zhl bl`gffgf` oi hlr pore pgzh Q|l cfj hlrnozhlr& Zhl Cjyoaczl ackklj zhl Ho|qgf` C|zhorgzw cfj òz lnlr`lfaw ho|qgf` ior Q|l

cfj hlr nozhlr& Zhl Cjyoaczl òz zhl agzw zo aofjlnf zhl ctcrznlfz b|gkjgf` qo fo ofl

lkql hcj zo lfj|rl phcz Q|l cfj hlr nozhlr jgj& Zhl Cjyoaczl ckqo aofzcazlj @oojpgkkzo `lz i|rfgz|rl cfj akozhgf` ior Q|l cfj hlr nozhlr& Cfj G cn `kcj zo qcw zhcz Q|l gq

fop gf zhl lg`hzh `rcjl cfj hcq bllf of hofor rokk ior io|r oi zhoql wlcrq cfj gf zhl zhgrj

`rcjl cahglylj tlrilaz czzlfjcfal& Zhl Cjyoaczl cfj Q|l‗q non crl qzgkk gf aofzcaz cfjzhl Cjyoaczl czzlfjq noqz oi Q|l‗q qahook i|fazgofq& Zhl toplr oi ofl honl ygqgz acfncel c jgiilrlfal gf zhl kgil oi c ahgkj#



18

Rcfjw


Rcfjw pcq c 39 wlcr okj 34zh `rcjl Ac|acqgcf bow pho kgylj pgzh hgq nozhlr cfj

`rcfjnozhlr& Rcfjw hcj fo efopf hlckzh gqq|lq+ hoplylr+ hgq nozhlr rltorzlj zhcz hlng`hz hcyl bllf q|iilrgf` iron akgfgack jltrlqqgof& Hgq nozhlr ckqo rltorzlj zhcz hgq`rcfjnozhlr rltlczljkw ‛qzgrq |t `rgli„ cfj ncelq hlr icngkw |fhcttw+ lylf ac|qgf` zhl

nozhlr zo kooql hlr mob&


Zhl qahook ao|fqlkor rltorzlj Rcfjw hcj foz czzlfjlj qahook of c rl`|kcr bcqgq qgfal <zh

`rcjl& Cz zhl zgnl zhl zr|cfaw tlzgzgof pcq igklj+ hl hcj c zozck oi 14 |flxa|qlj cbqlfalq&

Zhl qahook jgqzrgaz ckqo rltorzlj zhcz Rcfjw‗q nozhlr ilkz hl qho|kj hcyl bllf ckkoplj zo

czzlfj zhl jrgylrq lj|aczgof akcqq+ qgfal hl hcj ncgfzcgflj tlrilaz czzlfjcfal gf zhcz

akcqq& Zhl qahook jgqzrgaz zrglj c f|nblr oi gfzlrylfzgofq5 gfak|jgf` cf czzlfjcfalc`rllnlfz pgzh zhl tcrlfz (Rcfjw rli|qlj zo tcrzgagtczl gf zhl c`rllnlfz troalqq+ c

rlilrrck ior gf.honl icngkw ao|fqlkgf`+ cfj c rlilrrck zo c n|kzg qlrygal c`lfaw&


G pcq cqqg`flj cq c acql ncfc`lr zo cqqgqz Rcfjw gf lfrokkgf` gf c @LJ tro`rcn& G nlzpgzh Rcfjw cfj hgq nozhlr zo jgqa|qq zhl gntorzcfal oi iokkopgf` zhl ao|rz orjlr cfj

hop G ao|kj cqqgqz zhln zhro|`h zhl troalqq& Rcfjw‗q nozhlr qzczlj zhcz qhl po|kj kgel

hgn zo `lz hgq jrgylr‗q kgalfql qo zhcz hl ao|kj `lz c mob& G `cyl Rcfjw cfj hgq nozhlr

gfiornczgof of @LJ tro`rcnq cfj hl ahoql ofl cz zhl koack aonn|fgzw aokkl`l& G

porelj pgzh Rcfjw gf `lzzgf` hgn zo zcel zhl lfzrcfal lxcn& G hcj qlylrck aofylrqczgofqpgzh Rcfjw cfj pcq cbkl zo nozgyczl hgn zo zcel zhl lxcn cfj bl`gf zhl tro`rcn& G ckqo

hcj qlylrck aofylrqczgofq pgzh hgq nozhlr zo jgqa|qq Rcfjw‗q |fjlrkwgf` gqq|lq gfak|jgf`zhl toqqgbkl jltrlqqgof& Qhl pcq foz pgkkgf` zo lxtkorl zhoql gqq|lq+ cfj hlr ioa|q

rlncgflj of hlktgf` hgn `lz hgq jrgylrq kgalfql qo hl ao|kj `lz c mob&

Zhl O|zaonl

Cizlr zhrll nofzhq oi ao|rz hlcrgf`q+ pcrrcfzq ior icgk|rl zo cttlcr+ cfj nozgofq ioraofzlntz+ Rcfjw‗q nozhlr pgzhjrlp hgn iron zhl qahook jgqzrgaz phgah lfcbklj hgn zo

lfrokk gf cfj czzlfj zhl @LJ tro`rcn& Cz kcqz aofzcaz+ Rcfjw pcq qzgkk czzlfjgf` zhl @LJ

tro`rcn&



17

Kcaw

G& Phlf G igrqz qzcrzlj poregf` pgzh Kcaw cfj hlr icngkw qhl pcq 3< wlcrq okj cfj gf7zh `rcjl gf zhl qnckk+ r|rck zopf oi Lf|nakcp& Qhl rcrlkw czzlfjlj qahook cfj pcq

icgkgf` ckk akcqqlq& Kcaw gq Ac|acqgcf cfj kgylj pgzh hlr nozhlr cfj qzlt.iczhlr& Hlr

okjlr qgqzlr hcj noylj o|z of hlr opf b|z kgylj flcrbw cfj aofzgf|lj zo bl tcrz oi zhlicngkw& Zhl icngkw pcq gf zhl ngjjkl gfaonl rcf`l+ b|z lcrkw of gf o|r gfyokylnlfz zhlnozhlr jlagjlj zo s|gz hlr mob zo bl norl cycgkcbkl ior Kcaw& Kcaw hcj bllf crrlqzlj

zpgal of zhliz ahcr`lq b|z pcq foz of trobczgof& Nlfzck hlckzh gqq|lq cttlcrlj zo gntcaz

zhl i|fazgofgf` oi Kcaw cfj hlr nozhlr&

GG& Kcaw pcq rlilrrlj zo acql ncfc`lnlfz cqqgqzcfal gf tcrz j|l zo zhl klylk oi

aofikgaz blzpllf hlr cfj hlr nozhlr& Zhl icngkw jwfcngaq plrl gfzlfql cfj ckk plrlczzlntzgf` zo jlck pgzh tcqz zrc|nc cfj lqzcbkgqh flp roklq phlf zhl nozhlr rlncrrglj&

Kcaw hcj bllf gfcttrotrgczlkw zo|ahlj bw cf cj|kz cz c`l 31& Zhl ncf pcq troqla|zlj

cfj gf a|qzojw& Kcaw‗q okjlr qgqzlr hcj bllf qlx|ckkw cb|qlj bw Kcaw‗q iczhlr (hlr

qgqzlr‗q qzlt.iczhlr qo Kcaw jgj foz hcyl aofzcaz pgzh hgn& Kcaw pcq |qgf` ncrgm|cfccfj ckaohok+ cfj phlf zhl aofikgaz gfarlcqlj pgzh hlr nozhlr qhl po|kj r|f cpcw ior

qlylrck jcwq cz c zgnl& Gf cjjgzgof+ qhl pcq jczgf` c 37.wlcr.okj bow pho hcj iczhlrlj c

bcbw pgzh cfozhlr 3<.wlcr.okj `grk& Kcaw‗q tcrlfzq plrl ylrw aofalrflj cbo|z hlrgfyokylnlfz pgzh zhgq bow cfj ilkz hl pcq c fl`czgyl gfik|lfal `gylf hgq argngfck hgqzorw

cfj ahcozga icngkw&

GGG& Lcrkw of G troygjlj zhl nozhlr pgzh gfiornczgof of zhl Cz.Rgqe.Wo|zh tlzgzgof

(CRW& Rlilrrckq plrl `gylf ior c jr|`/ckaohok cqqlqqnlfz+ tcrlfz q|ttorz `ro|tq cfj

gfjgygj|ck ao|fqlkgf`& Nozhlr cttlcrlj of zhl ylr`l oi c brlcejopf+ cfj kczlr qhcrlj

zhcz hlr h|qbcfj lxtlazlj hlr zo rls|grl tqwahgczrga hoqtgzckg}czgof j|rgf` zhgq jgiiga|kz

zgnl& Zhl norl zhl tcrlfzq czzlntzlj zo caalqq rlqo|ralq ior Kcaw+ zhl norl qhl rlblkkljcfj rcf cpcw& Hlr nozhlr qahlj|klj io|r aofqla|zgyl jr|`/ckaohok lyck|czgofq ior Kcaw+

ckk oi phgah qhl ngqqlj& Lylfz|ckkw zhl troygjlr pcq |fpgkkgf` zo rlqahlj|kl& PhlfKcaw pcq tgaelj |t of c pcrrcfz ior icgkgf` zo cttlcr ior c hlcrgf`+ G crrcf`lj c

jr|`/ckaohok lyck|czgof cz zhl jlzlfzgof alfzlr+ phgah rlaonnlfjlj o|ztczglfz zrlcznlfz&

Kcaw‗q nozhlr qzr|``klj pgzh aofalrfq ior hlr jc|`hzlr‗q qcilzw+ cfj pcq

oylrphlknlj pgzh zhl ao|rz troalqq cfj hop blqz zo |zgkg}l zhgq rlqo|ral& Pl porelj

akoqlkw cfj gf ncfw pcwq nw rokl pcq zhcz oi ‛tcrlfz nlfzor„& Pl jgqa|qqlj qzrczl`glqcfj tkcfflj qhorz.zlrn cfj kof`.zlrn `ockq& Oizlfzgnlq+ hlr nozhlr m|qz flljlj

qonlofl zo zlkk hlr qhl pcq poregf` hcrj zo hlkt hlr ahgkj+ cfj zo rlngfj hlr zo zcel acrl

oi hlrqlki ckof` zhl pcw& Tcrlfz q|ttorz rlilrrckq plrl `gylf rl`|kcrkw cfj zhl nozhlrbl`cf zo ncel ackkq cfj caalqq q|ttorz iron zhoql `ro|tq&

Aofikgaz pgzhgf zhl icngkw pcq fozlj cfj bozh Kcaw cfj hlr nozhlr rls|lqzljicngkw ao|fqlkgf`& C rlilrrck ior I|fazgofck Icngkw Zhlrctw+ aofzrcazlj bw zhl ao|rz pcq

ncjl& Zhl gfzcel qlqqgof pcq hlkj cz zhl jlzlfzgof alfzlr+ cq Kcaw aofzgf|lj zo hcyljgiiga|kzw qzcwgf` honl&



:4

Zhl qahook zr|cfaw rltrlqlfzczgyl porelj akoqlkw pgzh zhl icngkw+ cfj pl kgfeljzhl zr|cfaw cfj CRW acqlq& Zhl qahook Kcaw czzlfjlj pcq qnckk+ cfj zrcjgzgofck otzgofq

plrl kgngzlj& Rlkczgofqhgt b|gkjgf` aofzgf|lj blzpllf zhl rltrlqlfzczgyl cfj zhl icngkw+

lqtlagckkw pgzh Kcaw&Cz ofl togfz Kcaw kliz honl cfj ahoql zo qzcw pgzh hlr bowirglfj gf hgq acr+ gf

jgiilrgf` koaczgofq& Zhl icngkw pcq flcr lxhc|qzgof phlf qhl rlz|rflj honl pgzh flpqzhcz qhl pcq trl`fcfz& Gf ncfw pcwq zhl icngkw ilkz zhl CRW tlzgzgof pcq gfarlcqgf` zhlaofikgaz cfj cjylrqcrgck rlkczgofqhgt blzpllf Kcaw cfj hlr tcrlfzq& Zhl tlzgzgof pcq

jgqngqqlj cz zhl tcrlfzq‗ rls|lqz cfj zhlgr ioa|q blacnl rlb|gkjgf` zhl rlkczgofqhgt pgzh

Kcaw+ cfj zhl hlckzh oi hlr cfj zhl bcbw& Zhl zr|cfaw tlzgzgof pcq kliz gf tkcal zo ‛bl zhl

hlcyw„ cfj troygjl qzr|az|rl& Zhl zr|cfaw rltrlqlfzczgyl aofzgf|lj zo pore akoqlkw pgzhKcaw‗q tcrlfzq cfj nl& G koaczlj c tro`rcn zhcz troygjlj lj|aczgof of hop jr|` |ql

ciilazq c ilz|q cfj ncjl c rlilrrck ior Kcaw& G ckqo aofflazlj zhl icngkw pgzh qtlagckg}lj

qlrygalq ior trl`fcfz zllfq cfj aofzgf|lj zo troygjl q|ttorz zo Kcaw‗q nozhlr&

GY& Kcaw gq a|rrlfzkw czzlfjgf` cf ckzlrfczgyl tro`rcn flcr hlr honl& Zhl zr|cfaw

rltrlqlfzczgyl pcq cbkl zo crrcf`l c qtlagck qahlj|kl ior zhgq wo|f` nozhlr& Qhl `cylbgrzh zo c hlckzhw bcbw `grk gf C|`|qz 244< cfj gq rlqgjgf` cz honl pgzh hlr nozhlr cfj

qzlticzhlr& Qhl czzlfjq qahook rl`|kcrkw cfj hcj zot `rcjlq& Qhl gq lcrfgf` arljgzq

rctgjkw cfj gq qahlj|klj zo ̀ rcj|czl of zgnl& Qhl hcq acrllr `ockq gfak|jgf` aofzgf|gf`

lj|aczgof cizlr `rcj|czgof& Zhl rlkczgofqhgt pgzhgf zhl icngkw gq ̀ rlczkw gntroylj& Kcawcfj hlr nozhlr acnl gf zo ygqgz c nofzh c`o cfj qhcrlj phcz zhlw ilkz hcj hlktlj& Kcaw

fozlj hlr rlkczgofqhgt pgzh zhl jgqzrgaz rltrlqlfzczgyl pcq q|ttorzgyl& Qhl ilkz zhcz

efopgf` qhl ao|kj lfj |t gf jlzlfzgof `cyl hlr zhl lxzrc t|qh zo `lz o|z oi blj of zhlnorfgf`q qhl jgjf‗z pcfz zo& Zhl gntroylj rlkczgofqhgt pgzh hlr nozhlr ncjl gz ckk

aonl zo`lzhlr& Kcaw‗q nozhlr ilkz zhcz ‛zhl tlotkl pl nlz ckof` zhl pcw hlktlj norlzhcf zhl caz|ck ao|rz troalqq&„ Qhl yogalj hlr cttrlagczgof oi hcygf` c acql ncfc`lr cfj

hop hlkti|k zhgq rokl pcq gf cf l.ncgk zo zhl ao|rz phlf qhl rls|lqzlj c jgqngqqck oi zhl

CRW tlzgzgof& Kcaw pgkk rlalgyl rlao`fgzgof cz zhl Egf` Ao|fzw Zr|cfaw Cpcrjq t|z ofbw zhl Egf` Ao|fzw Troqla|zgf` Czzorflw‗q Oiigal of Ncw < zh+ 2449&



:3

Ncrgqqc

G& Ncrgqqc pcq c 3< wlcr okj Ac|acqgcf `grk kgygf` pgzh hlr nozhlr& Nozhlr pcq fozncrrglj+ b|z hlr bowirglfj pcq tcrz oi zhl icngkw& Ncrgqqc hcj fo qgbkgf`q& Ncrgqqc cfj

hlr nozhlr plrl bozh rcgqlj bw Ncrgqqc‗q nczlrfck `rcfjnozhlr+ cfj bozh q|iilrlj

gfzlfqgyl lnozgofck cb|ql iron hlr& Ncrgqqc pcq tkcalj pgzh hlr `rcfjnozhlr phlf qhlpcq ylrw wo|f` cq hlr nozhlr qzr|``klj pgzh q|bqzcfal cb|ql gqq|lq& Ncrgqqc rlz|rflj zohlr nozhlr cz c`l 31 cfj bozh plrl qzr|``kgf` zo oylraonl zhlgr cb|qgyl tcqzq phgkl

jlylkotgf` c f|rz|rgf` rlkczgofqhgt&

GG& Zhl qahook rls|lqzlj acql ncfc`lnlfz cqqgqzcfal zo lf`c`l Ncrgqqc cfj hlr

nozhlr gf ncegf` lj|aczgof c trgorgzw& Ncrgqqc‗q cqqlzq gfak|jlj blgf` crzgqzga+ cazgyl+

ylrbck+ hoflqz+ cfj hcygf` c pgkkgf`flqq zo tcrzgagtczl gf qlrygalq cfj zrw flp zhgf`q& Hlrnozhlr pcq aonngzzlj zo poregf` zhro|`h zhlgr tcqz gqq|lq cfj elltgf` hlrqlki jr|`.

irll& Ncrgqqc czzlfjlj qahook+ b|z oizlf qegttlj akcqqlq qhl jgj foz tcrzga|kcrkw lfmow&

Qhl qzr|``klj pgzh zwtgack CJHJ ahcrcazlrgqzgaq q|ah cq ngqtkcagf` aontklzlj

honlpore+ ior`lzzgf` cqqg`fnlfzq cfj qoagckg}gf` gf akcqq gfqzlcj oi tcwgf` czzlfzgof&Qhl hcj ahoqlf zo qzot zcegf` hlr CJHJ nljgaczgof j|l zo qgjl liilazq&

GGG& Nw igrqz òck gf poregf` pgzh zhgq icngkw pcq zo bl`gf c rlkczgofqhgt pgzh bozhgfjgygj|ckq& G aofalfzrczlj of cazgyl kgqzlfgf` zo |fjlrqzcfj zhlgr flljq blzzlr& Zhl

nozhlr‗q rlkczgofqhgt pgzh zhl qahook pcq qzrcgflj+ cfj hlr rlqtofql ycrglj iron qzrof`kw

jlilfjgf` hlr jc|`hzlr zo blaongf` oylrphlknlj cfj bkcngf` Ncrgqqc ior ckk zhlgrtrobklnq& Pl porelj of igfjgf` qlrygalq gf zhl aonn|fgzw zhcz po|kj bl q|ttorzgyl+

cfj of lqzcbkgqhgf` icngkw òckq& C nllzgf` pcq qahlj|klj pgzh zhl qahook zo rls|lqz

zhcz Ncrgqqc bl qarllflj ior cjjgzgofck qlrygalq& Ckzho|`h qhl pcq cz or cboyl fornck

gfzlkkg`lfal qhl pcq icgkgf` ncfw akcqqlq& Zhl nllzgf` gfak|jlj zhl jgqzrgaz Tqwahoko`gqz+

Cqqgqzcfz Trgfagtck+ Ao|fqlkor cfj qlylrck oi Ncrgqqc‗q zlcahlrq& Ncrgqqc pcq ottoqlj zoqtlagck lj|aczgof cfj rlqgqzcfz zo nljgack ncfc`lnlfz oi hlr CJHJ qwntzonq& Pl

jlylkotlj c tkcf cro|fj CJHJ qahook zgtq foz gfyokygf` nljgaczgof pgzh c iokkop |tnllzgf` zo ahlae ior gntroylnlfz& Pl plrl cbkl zo qahlj|kl Ncrgqqc gf cf \rbcf

Jcfal akcqq zhcz qhl hcj bllf |fcbkl zo caalqq trlygo|qkw&

Aonn|fgzw rlilrrckq gfak|jlj jr|`/ckaohok cqqlqqnlfz ior Ncrgqqc+ Tcrlfzgf`

q|ttorz ior hlr nozhlr+ c I|fazgofck Icngkw Zhlrctw rlilrrck ior icngkw ao|fqlkgf` cfj

rlqlcrahgf` q|nnlr tro`rcnq& Ncrgqqc bl`cf cf gfzlfqgyl o|ztczglfz zrlcznlfz tro`rcnzhcz gfak|jlj gfjgygj|ck ao|fqlkgf` cfj icngkw pore& Hlr nozhlr hcj acfalkklj zhl

zrlcznlfz phlf zrcfqtorzczgof blacnl jgiiga|kz+ b|z pgzh cqqgqzcfal iron zhl icngkw

ao|fqlkor pl plrl cbkl zo caalqq irll zrcfqtorzczgof ior Ncrgqqc zo cfj iron zhlzrlcznlfz tro`rcn& Gf `lflrck+ zhl icngkw qllnlj zhl noqz qzcbkl pgzh cazgyl acqlncfc`lnlfz& Pgzh o|r òck blgf` qlki.q|iigaglfaw+ pl porelj pgzh zhl icngkw ao|fqlkor

of gfarlcqgf` zhl icngkw‗q q|ttorz o|zqgjl oi qlrygal troygjlrq& G porelj pgzh zhgq icngkw

ior qlylf nofzhq+ gfak|jgf` pllekw aofzcaz ior zhl igrqz zpo nofzhq+ jlarlcqgf` zo ofalor zpgal tlr nofzh ior zhl rlncgfgf` igyl nofzhq&



:1

Cklx

G& Cklx pcq c 39 wlcr okj Ac|acqgcf nckl kgygf` pgzh hgq nozhlr cfj zpo wo|f`lrqgbkgf`q& Hgq tcrlfzq jgyoralj phlf Cklx pcq wo|f`+ cfj hgq iczhlr hcj rlncrrglj cfj

hcj zpo ahgkjrlf iron hgq qlaofj ncrrgc`l& Cklx kgylj pgzh hgq nozhlr cizlr zhl jgyoral+

b|z qzcwlj pgzh hgq jcj cfj qzlt.nozhlr ior ofl wlcr phlf qzr|``klq lqackczlj blzpllfhgn cfj hgq nozhlr& Zhl zr|cfaw tlzgzgof pcq igklj cttroxgnczlkw ofl wlcr cizlr Cklxrlz|rflj zo hgq nozhlr‗q honl& Hl hcj n|kzgtkl cbqlfalq+ cfj zhl qahook rltorzlj gf zhl

tlzgzgof zhcz Cklx pcq foz lf`c`lj gf klcrfgf`+ czzlfjlj ior qoagck rlcqofq ofkw+ hcj

czzgz|jl trobklnq cfj pcq icgkgf` noqz akcqqlq& Hl pcq jgc`foqlj pgzh CJHJ cfjtoqqgbkl jltrlqqgof& Bozh tcrlfzq plrl aokkl`l lj|aczlj cfj plrl troilqqgofckq& Zhlrl

pcf cf |fq|bqzcfzgczlj toqqgbgkgzw zhcz Cklx hcj bllf qlx|ckkw cb|qlj bw cf okjlr

flg`hbor bow phlf hl pcq zlf wlcrq okj&

GG& Zhl rlilrrck ior acql ncfc`lnlfz pcq ncjl bw zhl Aonngqqgoflr j|l gf tcrz zo

zhl aofikgaz klylk gf zhl icngkw cfj zhl igkgf` oi cf Cz.Rgqe.Wo|zh tlzgzgof (CRW& Zhl

CRW cfj Zr|cfaw tlzgzgofq plrl kgfelj+ cfj hlcrgf`q oaa|rrlj zo`lzhlr& Cklx qllnljylrw cf`rw pgzh hgq nozhlr5 zhlrl plrl rltorzq oi ygoklfz blhcygor cfj qg`fgigacfz

q|bqzcfal cb|ql& Bozh tcrlfzq plrl cazgylkw gfyokylj gf qllegf` hlkt ior Cklx cfj bozh

czzlfjlj hlcrgf`q rl`|kcrkw cfj eltz gf akoql aofzcaz pgzh zhl acql ncfc`lr&

GGG& Q|bqzcfal cb|ql cttlcrlj zo bl c ncmor aofzrgb|zor zo Cklx‗q qzr|``klq& Rlilrrckq

plrl troygjlj ior cf cqqlqqnlfz& Gftczglfz zrlcznlfz pcq rlaonnlfjlj+ b|z gfPcqhgf`zof Qzczl c wo|zh n|qz c`rll zo gftczglfz zrlcznlfz cfj Cklx pcq |fpgkkgf` zo

`o& Jr|` |ql cfj qahook cbqlfalq klj zo qlylrck aofzlntzq of bozh tlzgzgofq& Rlilrrckq

zo gftczglfz troygjlrq cfj jlzoxgigaczgof tro`rcnq plrl troygjlj zo zhl tcrlfzq& G

cqqgqzlj Cklx‗q tcrlfzq pgzh tkcffgf` cf ‛gfzlrylfzgof„ zhl lylfgf` bliorl zhl zrlcznlfz

blj blacnl cycgkcbkl& Hgq nozhlr pcq lfao|rc`lj zo gfygzl lxzlfjlj icngkw nlnblrqcfj irglfjq cfj ckqo irglfjq oi hlr qof zo czzlfj cfj jgqa|qq zhlgr aofalrfq ior hgq hlckzh

cfj plkkblgf`& Zhlw tkcfflj zo |ql qtlagiga lxcntklq cfj bl koygf` cfj q|ttorzgyl&Zhl gfzlrylfzgof pcq c q|aalqq+ cfj Cklx c`rllj zo zhl gftczglfz tro`rcn& Hl aontklzlj

zrlcznlfz cfj lfrokklj gf o|ztczglfz iokkop.|t acrl phlf hl rlz|rflj honl& Zhl qahook

aofzgf|lj zo pore akoqlkw rl`crjgf` hgq flljq cfj troygjlj q|ttorz cz zhl qahook& Cklxrls|lqzlj cf cttogfznlfz pgzh hgq tqwahgczrgqz zo jgqa|qq nljgaczgof otzgofq& Nozhlr

hcj aofalrfq cbo|z qzgn|kcfzq blgf` trlqargblj `gylf hgq rlalfz jr|` cb|ql& Cizlr

qlylrck nofzhq aklcf cfj qoblr zhl ao|rz q|ttorzlj Cklx‗q rls|lqz&

Y& Cklx aofzgf|lq gf o|ztczglfz zrlcznlfz& Hl hcq nljgaczgof ncfc`lnlfz ior hgq

CJHJ cfj gq iokkopgf` joazor rlaonnlfjczgofq& Ckzho|`h bozh zhl CRW cfj Zr|cfawtlzgzgofq hcyl bllf jgqngqqlj cq q|aalqqi|k+ zhl ao|rz aofzgf|lq zo rlalgyl |tjczlq ironCklx‗q o|ztczglfz zrlcznlfz troygjlr& Zhl rltorzq fozl zhcz hl aofzgf|lq zo czzlfj

rl`|kcrkw+ tcrzgagtczlq i|kkw cfj hcq aklcf \&C&q aofqgqzlfzkw& Zhl icngkw‗q klylk oi

aofikgaz gq jlarlcqlj& Cklx rlalgylj c alrzgigaczl oi cahglylnlfz iron o|r Aonngqqgoflrior ncegf` hlckzhw ahogalq& Hl gq a|rrlfzkw lfrokklj gf c jgqzrgaz lj|aczgof tro`rcn zhcz

gq ckkopgf` hgn zo ncel |t arljgzq& Hl gq of zrcae zo `rcj|czl lcrkw#



::

Cf`lkc

Cf`lkc acnl iron c qzcbkl icngkw |fzgk zhl nozhlr jlagjlj zo klcyl& Qhl gq ylrw plkkncfflrlj cfj s|glz& Qhl acrrglq hlrqlki plkk& Hlr iczhlr gq c hcrj porelr cfj hcq zcelf

of zhl rlqtofqgbgkgzw oi blgf` c qgf`kl tcrlfz& Cz ofl togfz+ hl pcq ckkopgf` zhl nozhlr

zo aonl bcae cfj iorzh gfzo zhlgr kgylq+ b|z lylfz|ckkw t|z c qzot zo gz& Jcj igklj ior cjgyoral+ gfqzlcj oi m|qz blgf` qltcrczlj phgkl zhl nozhlr‗q phlrlcbo|zq plrl |fefopf&Jcj pcq ckkopgf` Cf`lkc zo `o cfj qzcw pgzh zhl non j|rgf` zhl qltcrczgof+ gi hl eflp

oi hlr phlrlcbo|zq+ b|z zhgq blacnl zhl aofzrgb|zgf` icazor zo Cf`lkc‗q czzlfjcfal

trobkln& Zhl tcrlfzq ngqqlj zhl zpo qahlj|klj Czzlfjcfal Gfzlrylfzgof Zlcn Nllzgf`qqahlj|klj cz hlr qahook+ qo zhl acql pcq rlilrrlj zo zhl Qzczl Czzorflw‗q Oiigal ior i|rzhlr

gfzlrylfzgof& Qgfal zhl iczhlr zooe of zhl rlqtofqgbgkgzw oi elltgf` ckk oi zhl ahgkjrlf+ hl

jlagjlj zo zcel qonl tcrlfzgf` qegkk akcqqlq& Hl rli|qlj ao|fqlkgf` qlrygalq blac|qlCf`lkc pcq bl`gffgf` zo aofigjl gf hgn cfj hl pcfzlj hlr zo aofzgf|l zo jo zhgq+ qgfal

qhl pcq aoniorzcbkl jogf` qo& Jcj hcq qonlofl poregf` pgzh hlr of Qcz|rjcwq zo tcqq

zhl Ikorgjc Aontrlhlfqgyl Cqqlqqnlfz Zlqz& Hl pcfzq hlr zo bl cro|fj toqgzgyl rokl

nojlkq blac|ql hlr cnbgzgof gq zo bl c ylzlrgfcrgcf& G gfyokylj hlr gf o|r Hofor Ropqtro`rcn+ phlrl qhl ao|kj qtlfj zgnl tcrzgagtczgf` gf toqgzgyl qahlj|klj lylfzq j|rgf`

zhl q|nnlr zgnl cfj zhlf cq c rlpcrj+ qhl pcq `gylf zhl ottorz|fgzw zo czzlfj ofl oi zhl

Mc`|cr ioozbckk `cnlq& Qhl gfjgaczlj lylrw zgnl G tgaelj hlr |t zhcz qhl kooelj iorpcrjzo zhcz jcw cfj ckpcwq gfs|grlj cbo|z phlf zhl flxz lylfz pcq zo bl hlkj& Qhl qzczlj zhcz

qhl pcfzlj zo qzcw gf zhl ZCT tro`rcn cfj zhcz pcw qhl ao|kj qll nl& G zokj hlr zhcz

qhl‗q jogf` plkk gf rlilrlfal zo czzlfjgf` qahook+ qo |fiorz|fczlkw hlr acql pcq `ogf` zobl akoqlj o|z q|aalqqi|kkw& Qhl cqelj gi qhl ao|kj ackk iron zgnl zo zgnl cfj gi G po|kj

ahlae of hlr qonlzgnl& G zokj hlr zhcz G po|kj bl hcttw zo ahlae of hlr cfj hlr icngkw+

zo qll zhl tro`rlqq zhlw crl ncegf`&



:<

Bcgklw

G& Bcgklw gq c 3: wlcr okj `grk+ a|rrlfzkw of nw acqlkocj& Qhl czzlfjq c ngjjklqahook gf Elfz cfj gq gf zhl 8zh `rcjl& Bcgklw‗q icngkw gq iron zhl Thgkgttgflq+ cfj Bcgklw

gq bgkgf`|ck& Qhl kgylq pgzh bozh bgoko`gack tcrlfzq cfj zpo okjlr brozhlrq& Zhl icngkw gq

ngjjkl gfaonl pgzh bozh tcrlfzq lntkowlj&

GG& Acql Ncfc`lnlfz cqqgqzcfal pcq rls|lqzlj bw zhl qahook jgqzrgaz& Bcgklw hcj foz

czzlfjlj qahook ior qlylrck nofzhq& Zhl trlygo|q qahook wlcr qhl hcj bllf zr|cfz

cttroxgnczlkw 84, oi zhl zgnl+ qo zhl qahook tkcfflj zo hokj hlr bcae zo rljo zhl 8zh

`rcjl& Qhl bl`cf czzlfjgf` phlf zhl qahook oiilrlj zo tronozl hlr zo 7zh `rcjl pgzh hlr

irglfjq gi qhl ao|kj gntroyl hlr czzlfjcfal& Qhl jgj foz ncfc`l zo czzlfj rl`|kcrkw cfj

rlncgfq gf 8zh

`rcjl ior zhl 244<.2449 qahook wlcr&Crlcq oi aofalrf gfak|jlj aonn|fgaczgof gqq|lq& Hlr nozhlr qtlceq Lf`kgqh b|z

cz zgnlq kl`ck nczzlrq plrl jgiiga|kz ior hlr zo |fjlrqzcfj& G rls|lqzlj gfzlrtrlzlrq bl

cycgkcbkl cz hlcrgf`q cizlr jgqa|qqgf` zhl otzgof pgzh hlr nozhlr& Ckqo oi aofalrf pcq

zhl toqqgbgkgzw oi |fjgc`foqlj nlfzck hlckzh gqq|lq& G cqelj cbo|z zhl toqqgbgkgzw oi jltrlqqgof+ cfj hlr nozhlr rltorzlj zhcz Bcgklw oizlf qcgj qhl pcq jltrlqqlj& A|kz|rl

tkcwlj c rokl+ b|z gz pcq |faklcr phcz ozhlr icazorq plrl aofzrgb|zgf` zo Bcgklw‗q

qzr|``klq&G qahlj|klj cfj czzlfjlj c nllzgf` cz Bcgklw‗q qahook pgzh zhl ao|fqlkor+ nozhlr

cfj Bcgklw& Pl klcrflj zhcz ckzho|`h Bcgklw hcj hcj czzlfjcfal gqq|lq qgfal

Egfjlr`crzlf+ qhl pcq brg`hz cfj zlqzlj cz ̀ rcjl klylk& C flp qahlj|kl pcq t|z gf tkcalior Bcgklw gfak|jgf` ofl tlrgoj pgzh zhl qahook ao|fqlkor cz zhl lfj oi zhl jcw& Cf

czzlntz pcq ncjl zo cqqgqz pgzh b|gkjgf` rlkczgofqhgtq ior Bcgklw cz qahook& Noqz oi hlr

irglfjq hcj noylj |t zo zhl hg`h qahook& Qonl q|aalqq pcq fozlj pgzh Bcgklw czzlfjgf`

qahook io|r oi zhl igyl jcwq hlr igrqz plle bcae& Czzlfjcfal jrottlj oii c`cgf cfj qhl

rlz|rflj zo ao|rz of c aofzlntz hlcrgf`& Qhl qllnlj jltrlqqlj cfj G qtoel pgzh bozh hlrcfj nozhlr cbo|z c nlfzck hlckzh lyck|czgof& Hlr nozhlr pcq rlqgqzcfz cz igrqz+ b|z |qgf`

zhl icngkw‗q nljgack gfq|rcfal G koaczlj c Tqwahgczrgqz pgkkgf` zo nllz pgzh zhl icngkw zhliokkopgf` plle& Bcgklw pcq jgc`foqlj pgzh jltrlqqgof cfj cfxglzw cfj trlqargblj

nljgaczgof& C`cgf+ gntroylnlfz pcq fozlj b|z ior c qhorz zgnl ofkw& Cizlr `czhlrgf`

gfiornczgof iron zhl qahook ao|fqlkor+ tqwahgczrgqz+ tcrlfz cfj qz|jlfz+ ozhlr crlcq oi aofalrf plrl jgqaoylrlj& Jonlqzga ygoklfal (hlr iczhlr pcq cb|qgyl zopcrj hlr nozhlr

cfj okjlr brozhlrq cfj q|bqzcfal cb|ql bw hlr iczhlr cfj brozhlr gntcazlj zhl icngkw

jwfcngaq& Cz c iokkopgf` hlcrgf` Bcgklw jgqakoqlj zcegf` 30 oi hlr trlqargtzgofnljgaczgofq zpo jcwq lcrkglr& Hlr nozhlr hcj foz aofzcazlj c nljgack troygjlr or zhl

tqwahgczrgqz& Zhlw hcj acfalkklj cttogfznlfzq pgzh zhl tqwahgczrgqz cfj hcj fo ozhlr

qlrygalq gf tkcal& G lfao|rc`lj zhl nozhlr zo aofzcaz zhl tqwahgczrgqz cfj c nljgacktroygjlr zo jlzlrngfl phcz egfj oi nljgack acrl pcq flljlj rl`crjgf` zhl oylrjoql&

Hlr nozhlr jgj foz iokkop zhro|`h pgzh caalqqgf` qlrygalq+ cfj c rlilrrck zo Ahgkjrlf‗q

Trozlazgyl Qlrygalq pcq ncjl& Aontkgaczgofq jlylkotlj blzpllf ATQ ao|rz cfjZr|cfaw ao|rz cbo|z hop zo aoorjgfczl qlrygalq zo qlryl zhgq icngkw blqz& Phlf Bcgklw

zooe c qlaofj oylrjoql+ G aofzcazlj zhl argqgq alfzlr cfj cqqgqzlj gf caalqqgf` icngkwqlrygalq& C rlilrrck pcq troygjlj zo zhl nozhlr ior c J&Y& tro`rcn pgzh cf cjyoaczl



:9

iron zhl Thgkgttgflq& Gfzlfqgyl icngkw ao|fqlkgf` gq blgf` troygjlj zhro|`h zhl ATQao|rz phgah `gylq cjjgzgofck nozgyczgof ior zhl tcrlfzq zo tcrzgagtczl& Zhl tqwahgczrgqz

pcq cbkl zo troygjl gfiornczgof zo zhl ao|rz rl`crjgf` hop n|ah oi Bcgklw‗q czzlfjcfal

gqq|lq plrl c jgrlaz rlq|kz oi nlfzck hlckzh trobklnq ylrq|q pgkki|k ygokczgof& Hgqrlaonnlfjczgof gfak|jlj icngkw ao|fqlkgf` cfj ior Bcgklw zo bl hlkj caao|fzcbkl ior

fof.czzlfjcfal&

G porelj akoqlkw pgzh zhgq icngkw ior zhl igrqz igyl plleq& Zhgq gfak|jlj zhl

qahook nllzgf` cfj rlilrrckq& Nw gfyokylnlfz jrottlj zo ofal or zpgal tlr nofzh phlf

Bcgklw bl`cf poregf` pgzh zhl tqwahgczrgqz+ b|z gz gfarlcqlj zo c ylrw gfzlfqgyl klylk cizlr

zhl igrqz oylrjoql& G qtoel pgzh zhl nozhlr jcgkw cfj pgzh Bcgklw qlylrck zgnlq tlr plle ior flcrkw c nofzh&

GY& Pgzh nlfzck hlckzh gqq|lq fo kof`lr aofqgjlrlj zhl b|ke oi zhl ‛trobkln„ Bcgklwrlalgylj lklazrofga honl nofgzorgf` (LHN ior icgk|rl zo czzlfj qahook& Qhl pcq

gfiornlj zhcz foz czzlfjgf` po|kj rlq|kz gf qla|rl jlzlfzgof& Qhl c`rllj zo zpo plleq oi

LHN (fornckkw zhl ao|rz acf ofkw orjlr ofl plle zo cyogj qla|rl jlzlfzgof& Qhlczzlfjlj qahook rl`|kcrkw phgkl of LHN cfj aofzgf|lj zo czzlfj cizlr blgf` rlklcqlj&

Zhl icngkw gq tcrzgagtczgf` gf a|kz|rckkw aontlzlfz qlrygalq cfj Bcgklw nllzq pgzh zhl

tqwahgczrgqz rl`|kcrkw& Qhl hcq t|r`lj hlr aofzlntz agzczgof cfj gq iokkopgf` ho|ql r|klq&

Bozh Bcgklw cfj hlr nozhlr plrl toqgzgyl cbo|z zhl ahcf`lq cfj hotli|k ior aofzgf|ljq|aalqq&



:0

Fgegzc

G& Fgegzc pcq c 32 wlcr okj 9zh `rcjlr gf zhl Rlfzof Qahook Jgqzrgaz phlf pl igrqznlz& Qhl gq Cirgacf Cnlrgacf cfj kgylj pgzh hlr nozhlr cfj igyl wlcr okj brozhlr& Zhl

icngkw hcj igfcfagck qzr|``klq+ b|z zhl nozhlr pcq lntkowlj cfj cbkl zo ncgfzcgf c qzcbkl

honl& Fgegzc hcj cf G&L&T& ior jgiiga|kzglq gf Kcf`|c`l Crzq cfj ior blhcygorck trobklnq&

GG& Fgegzc pcq rlilrrlj ior acql ncfc`lnlfz j|l zo zhl aofikgaz blzpllf hlr cfj hlr

nozhlr+ rlalfz Ahgkj Trozlazgyl Qlrygalq (ATQ gfyokylnlfz cfj kcae oi qlrygalq& ATQ

hcj troygjlj gfzlfqgyl gf.honl icngkw ao|fqlkgf` cizlr qlylrck aofirofzczgofq blzpllfFgegzc cfj hlr nozhlr hcj lqackczlj zo zhl thwqgack klylk& Fgegzc pcq of trobczgof ior

cqqc|kzgf` hlr nozhlr& Flgzhlr Fgegzc for hlr nozhlr ilkz zhl icngkw ao|fqlkgf` hcj bllf

hlkti|k& Zhlw plrl pgkkgf` zo caalqq qlrygalq cfj aonngzzlj zo gntroygf` zhlgrrlkczgofqhgt& Fgegzc qtlagigackkw fozlj mlcko|qw oi hlr wo|f`lr brozhlr cfj zhl cno|fz oi

zgnl hlr nozhlr qtlfz pgzh hgn&

GGG& J|rgf` zhl igrqz plle pgzh zhgq icngkw+ G czzlfjlj c nllzgf` cz zhl qahookrl`crjgf` Fgegzc‗q rlalfz q|qtlfqgof& Pl porelj zo jlylkot c q|ttorz zlcn cz zhl qahook

zhcz gfak|jlj zhl Ygal Trgfagtck+ G&L&T& Klcj+ Qahook Ao|fqlkor+ Czzlfjcfal Qlarlzcrw

cfj c qahook.bcqlj zhlrctgqz iron c aofzrcazlj c`lfaw& Fgegzc hcj trlygo|qkw rltorzljhcrcqqnlfz iron qlylrck ilnckl qz|jlfzq& Zhl hcrcqqnlfz oaa|rrlj o|zqgjl oi zhl qahook

`ro|fjq cfj ngfgnck iokkop.|t pcq jofl& Fgegzc ilkz lqtlagckkw y|kflrcbkl phlf

pckegf` zo qahook+ qo zhl qahook c`rllj zo troygjl zrcfqtorzczgof lylf zho|`h qhl kgyljpgzhgf zhl jlqg`fczlj ‛pckegf` jgqzcfal&„ Fgegzc lfmowlj tkcwgf` zhl z|bc cfj zhl ik|zl

b|z pcq |fcbkl zo tcrzgagtczl gf zhl qahook‗q bcfj j|l zo czzlfjcfal cfj blhcygorck

gqq|lq& Zhl zlcn jlylkotlj c tkcf zo aofflaz hlr pgzh gfjgygj|ck ao|fqlkgf` cz zhl

qahook phlf czzlfjgf`+ cfj cz zhl kgbrcrw phlf q|qtlfjlj+ cfj zo troygjl z|zorgf` cfj

honlpore tcaelzq&

Gf cjjgzgof+ G ncjl c rlilrrck zo zhl ao|rz‗q aofzrcazlj I|fazgofck Icngkw Zhlrctw(IIZ+ crrcf`lj c nlfzck hlckzh lyck|czgof ior Fgegzc cfj tcrlfz q|ttorz ior hlr nozhlr+

cfj bl`cf rlqlcrahgf` aonn|fgzw tro`rcnq ior zhl q|nnlr& Phlf Fgegzc pcq io|fj gf

aofzlntz ior hlr q|qtlfqgof+ zhl ao|rz orjlrlj aonn|fgzw qlrygal ho|rq& G ncjl crlilrrck zo zhl Rlfzof Crlc Bkcae Tcrlfzq Cqqoagczgof (R&C&B&T&C& cfj aofflazlj Fgegzc

pgzh zhl jgrlazor& Zhl icngkw aontklzlj zhl IIZ ao|fqlkgf` cfj porelj akoqlkw pgzh

R&C&B&T&C& Fgegzc nlz pllekw pgzh hlr zhlrctgqz cz zhl qahook& Hlr nozhlr aonngzzlj zoqtlfjgf` zgnl pgzh Fgegzc gf toqgzgyl pcwq cfj gfarlcqlj zhl icngkw‗q oylrckk gfzlrcazgof&

G porelj akoqlkw pgzh zhgq icngkw ior zpo nofzhq& Cizlr t|zzgf` rlqo|ralq gftkcal+ nw gfyokylnlfz jlarlcqlj zo thofl or ao|rz aofzcaz cttroxgnczlkw zpgal tlrnofzh&

GY& Fgegzc blacnl zhl igrqz ‛Qz|jlfz Gfzlrf„ cz zhl Rlfzof Crlc Bkcae TcrlfzqCqqoagczgof+ troygjgf` cqqgqzcfal cz zhl Aonn|fgzw Alfzlr cfj hlktgf` jlkgylr qahook

k|fahlq zo kop.gfaonl lklnlfzcrw qz|jlfzq oylr zhl q|nnlr& Zhl Jgrlazor nlz pgzhFgegzc cfj hlr nozhlr zo jlylkot `ockq& Zhlw plrl cbkl zo cqqgqz Fgegzc pgzh s|ckgiwgf`



:8

ior cfj tcrzgagtczgf` gf zhl ‛Ckk Agzw Ncrahgf` Bcfj„ phgah gq c hg`h hofor gf Rlfzof&Zhl kcqz qahlj|klj ao|rz hlcrgf` pcq aofzgf|lj blac|ql Fgegzc pcq ncrahgf` gf c tcrcjl

of zhcz jczl& Zhl icngkw hcq qgfal noylj zo zhl Elfz Qahook Jgqzrgaz& Zhl zr|cfaw

tlzgzgof pcq t|z of hokj cq Fgegzc hcj bl`|f czzlfjgf` qahook rl`|kcrkw cfj pcqtcrzgagtczgf` gf zhl qahook bcfj tro`rcn& Zhl Cz.Rgqe Wo|zh tlzgzgof pcq jgqngqqlj&



:7

Zofw

G& Zofw pcq c 31 wlcr okj Ac|acqgcf nckl& Hl hcj cf GLT ior 0zh `rcjl cz c ngjjklqahook gf Z|epgkc& Zofw kgylj pgzh bozh bgoko`gack tcrlfzq cfj pcq zhl ngjjkl oi zhlgr

zhrll qofq& Hgq GLT aoylrlj kcf`|c`l cfj nczh& Bozh brozhlrq ckqo rlalgylj qtlagck

lj|aczgof+ ofl cz zhl hg`h qahook cfj ofl cz zhl lklnlfzcrw qahook& Zofw‗q nozhlr pcq cqzrof` cjyoaczl ior hgq lj|aczgof cfj hcj ahoqlf zo ellt hgn honl rczhlr zhcf czzlfj cqahook phlrl zhl GLT jgj foz nllz hlr lxtlazczgofq&

GG& Zhl rlilrrck ior acql ncfc`lnlfz acnl qtlagigackkw iron zhl Aonngqqgoflr&Aofalrfq plrl fozlj oylr kcae oi tro`rlqq cfj zhl fozcbkl aofikgaz cfj zlfqgof blzpllf

zhl tcrlfz cfj zhl qahook jgqzrgaz& G pcq cqelj zo rlqlcrah zhl qgz|czgof cfj troygjl c kgqz

oi rlaonnlfjczgofq zo zhl ao|rz& Zhgq pcq c |fgs|l rls|lqz&

GGG& C aotw oi zhl rltorz jgqzrgb|zlj zo ckk tcrzglq gq czzcahlj& Zhl fcnl hcq bllf

ahcf`lj ior trgycaw zo zhl icngkw&

GY& Zhl ao|rz orjlrlj zhcz zhl rlaonnlfjczgofq gfak|jlj gf zhl czzcahlj rltorz bl

gntklnlfzlj& Zofw zrcfqgzgoflj bcae zo qahook+ bl`gffgf` pgzh ofl akcqq tlr jcw& Zhl

icngkw aontklzlj I|fazgofck Icngkw Zhlrctw ao|fqlkgf` cfj Zofw klcrflj qegkkq zo blcqqlrzgyl cfj yogal hgq flljq zo hgq nozhlr& Zofw gq a|rrlfzkw czzlfjgf` qahook i|kk.zgnl&

Hl rlalgylj cf cpcrj cz zhl 244< Egf` Ao|fzw Zr|cfaw Cpcrjq Alrlnofw&



<4

Zrcaw

G& Zrcaw pcq c 3: wlcr okj Ac|acqgcf ilnckl kgygf` pgzh hlr qgf`kl nozhlr cfj 23wlcr okj jgqcbklj brozhlr& Qhl pcq gf 0zh `rcjl cz Rlfzof Ngjjkl Qahook& Zrcaw hcj cf

GLT ior rlcjgf` cfj nczh& Hlr nozhlr pcq |flntkowlj cfj qzr|``kgf` zo caalqq

|flntkownlfz blfligzq& Zrcaw‗q zpo okjlr qgbkgf`q bozh hcj zr|cfaw tlzgzgofq gf zhl tcqz&Zrcaw‗q iczhlr kgylq gf Lylrlzz& Hlr tcrlfzq jgyoralj phlf qhl pcq io|r wlcrq okj+ cfjqhl hcj c akoql rlkczgofqhgt pgzh hlr iczhlr |fzgk c ickkgf` o|z cz c`l 32& Gz gq |faklcr phcz

klj zo zhl brlcejopf gf zhlgr rlkczgofqhgt&

GG& Zhl icngkw pcq rlilrrlj zo acql ncfc`lnlfz cz zhl rls|lqz oi zhl qahook jgqzrgaz&

Zrcaw hcj foz czzlfjlj qahook ior zhl ncmorgzw oi zhl qahook wlcr& Zhl icngkw qzr|``klj

pgzh igfcfagck gqq|lq cq plkk cq hlckzh aofalrfq& Bozh Zrcaw cfj hlr nozhlr qhoplj qg`fqoi jltrlqqgof&

GGG& Zhl icngkw c`rllj zo qahlj|kl c nllzgf` cz nw oiigal ior c zhoro|`h gfzcel& Pl

lxtkorlj crlcq gf phgah zhl icngkw ilkz G ao|kj bl hlkti|k cfj gjlfzgiglj bcrrglrq zo qahookczzlfjcfal& Pl arlczlj c prgzzlf tkcf qtlagiwgf` phcz Zrcaw‗q nozhlr po|kj jo+ phcz

Zrcaw po|kj jo+ cfj phcz zhl acql ncfc`lr po|kj jo+ cfj pl lcah rlalgylj c aotw&

J|rgf` zhl gfzcel+ pl jgqa|qqlj Zrcaw‗q trgor jgc`foqgq oi jltrlqqgof& Qhl pcq foz zcegf`nljgaczgof cfj hcj foz bllf zo c nlfzck hlckzh troygjlr gf flcrkw c wlcr& Phgkl cz nw

oiigal+ pl aofzcazlj hlr trlygo|q tqwahoko`gqz cfj qahlj|klj cf cttogfznlfz ior zhl

iokkopgf` plle& Pl io|fj zhl cttrotrgczl b|q qahlj|kl+ cfj G `cyl zhl icngkw b|qzgaelzq& Pl aofzcazlj zhl qahook zo klz zhln efop Zrcaw po|kj bl rlz|rfgf` zo qahook zhl

plle iokkopgf` qtrgf` brlce& G crrcf`lj zo nllz pgzh Zrcaw 24 ngf|zlq bliorl qahook

qzcrzlj of zhcz Nofjcw cfj rlyglp hlr qahlj|kl& Zrcaw c`rllj zo nllz nl cfj zo brgf`

aotglq oi zhl tolzrw qhl prozl (hlr q|``lqzgof& Qhl crrgylj cz qahook pgzh zhl tolzrw b|z

hlr nozhlr hcj foz zcelf hlr zo zhl tqwahoko`gqz‗q cttogfznlfz& Cz qahook+ pl aontklzljtctlrpore ior hlr zo rlalgyl irll k|fahlq cfj crrcf`lj ior zhl czzlfjcfal qlarlzcrw zo bl

hlr trgncrw aofzcaz cz zhl qahook&

Hlr nozhlr zooe Zrcaw zo zhl qlaofj qahlj|klj cttogfznlfz pgzh zhl

tqwahoko`gqz cz zhl ao|rz‗q gfqgqzlfal& Zrcaw rls|lqzlj icngkw ao|fqlkgf`+ cfj c rlilrrck zoI|fazgofck Icngkw Zhlrctw pcq ncjl& Czzlfjcfal aofzgf|lj zo bl cf gqq|l+ b|z Zrcaw

czzlfjlj flcrkw <4, oi zhl zgnl+ c q|bqzcfzgck gntroylnlfz oylr foz czzlfjgf` cz ckk&

Zrcaw qllnlj zo lfmow cj|kz gfzlrcazgof+ qo pl ncjl c jlck zhcz zhl igrqz plle qhlczzlfjlj 344, G po|kj brgf` hlr k|fah iron NaJofckjq cfj lcz pgzh hlr& Zhgq gq

`lflrckkw foz tcrz oi o|r rokl+ qo qtlagck cttroyck pcq rls|grlj cfj rlalgylj iron nw

q|tlrygqor& Zhl iokkopgf` plle Zrcaw hcj tlrilaz czzlfjcfal& Hlr zlcahlrq cfj zhloiigal qzcii eflp zhcz qhl po|kj bl hcygf` c ‛k|fah `|lqz„ cq qhl qllnlj lxagzlj zoqhcrl& Pl kooelj gfzo rlqo|ralq ior q|nnlr+ cfj G troygjlj Zrcaw cfj hlr nozhlr pgzh

otzgofq ior acntq cfj cazgygzglq pgzh qahokcrqhgtq&

GY& Zrcaw lxtlazlj zo bl hlkj bcae zhcz wlcr+ j|l zo ngqqgf` zhl igrqz qgx nofzhq&

Qgfal qhl igfgqhlj zhl qahook wlcr pgzh ncrelj gntroylnlfz+ zhl qahook jlagjlj zotronozl hlr& Qhl aofzgf|lj zo rlalgyl nlfzck hlckzh iokkop.|t ior jltrlqqgof& Nozhlr



<2

Fcong


Fcong pcq c 3< wlcr okj 34zh `rcjl `grk (borf gf Lzhgotgc& Qhl noylj zo zhl \Q iron

Elfwc gf 2443 pgzh hlr nozhlr+ iczhlr+ 39 wlcr okj brozhlr cfj io|r wlcr okj qgqzlr& Zhlicngkw gq gf zrcfqgzgofck ho|qgf`& Hlr nozhlr pcq foz poregf` cz zhl zgnl+ cfj hlr iczhlrporelj cq c qahook b|q jrgylr&


Fcong acnl zo zhl czzlfzgof oi zhl acql ncfc`lr j|l zo c zr|cfaw tlzgzgof igklj bw zhl

qahook jgqzrgaz& Hlr nozhlr cfj iczhlr hcj rltorzlj zhcz Fcong pcq foz czzlfjgf` qahookof c rl`|kcr bcqgq cfj pcq foz iokkopgf` zhl honl r|klq& Hlr nozhlr ckqo rltorzlj zhcz

Fcong hcj bllf ylrbckkw cb|qgyl+ cfj zhcz qhl ilkz qhl hcj fo aofzrok oi Fcong& Zhl

tcrlfzq rltorzlj zhcz Fcong cfj hlr brozhlr po|kj oizlf klcyl zhl honl pgzho|z

tlrngqqgof+ cfj zhl tcrlfzq po|kj rltorz zhln cq r|fcpcwq& Zhlw hcj zrglj c f|nblr oi gfzlrylfzgofq gfak|jgf` c yok|fzcrw tkcalnlfz c`rllnlfz (YTC cfj Icngkw

Rlaofagkgczgof Qlrygalq (IRQ gf.honl ao|fqlkgf`& Zhl IRQ ao|fqlkor rltorzlj zhcz zhl

icngkw pcq ncegf` tro`rlqq cfj Fcong hcj bllf jogf` blzzlr gf iokkopgf` zhl a|rilpcfj honl r|klq&


G nlz pgzh Fcong cfj hlr iczhlr cizlr c zr|cfaw hlcrgf` zo jgqa|qq zhl zr|cfaw troalqq cfj

gfiornczgof cbo|z zhl Cz.Rgqe.Wo|zh (CRW tlzgzgof& C ilp plleq kczlr+ G nlz pgzh hgn

c`cgf zo cqqgqz hgn gf igkgf` cf CRW tlzgzgof cfj rlilrrlj hgn zo IRQ ior qonl gf.honl

ao|fqlkgf`& Ckzho|`h zhl icngkw hcj lf`c`lj gf IRQ qlrygalq gf 2443+ zhlw plrl lkg`gbklzo rlalgyl zhln c`cgf& J|l zo zhl nozhlr cfj iczhlr‗q aofalrfq zhcz Fcong hcj bllf

cqqoagczgf` pgzh efopf `cf` nlnblrq+ G ncjl c rlilrrck zo Qlczzkl ZLCN ior Wo|zh(QZIW+ c `cf` cpcrlflqq / trlylfzgof cfj acql ncfc`lnlfz tro`rcn jlqg`flj zo pore

pgzh `cf` gfyokylj wo|zh& Qgfal zhl tcrlfzq hcj igklj cf CRW tlzgzgof+ zhl qahook jgqzrgaz

zooe c bcae qlcz zo igkgf` nozgofq ior aofzlntz |fjlr zhl zr|cfaw troalqq+ pgzh zhl|fjlrqzcfjgf` zhcz zr|cfaw nczzlrq ao|kj bl jlckz pgzh zhro|`h zhl CRW tlzgzgof& Fcong

hcj bllf io|fj gf aofzlntz oi zhl CRW orjlr of qlylrck oaacqgofq blac|ql qhl hcj

icgklj zo qhop ior pore arlp& Cq c rlq|kz+ qhl pcq of zhl ylr`l oi blgf` jrottlj ironzhl tro`rcn cfj ao|kj hcyl bllf q|bmlaz zo cjjgzgofck qcfazgofq bw zhl ao|rz& G porelj

akoqlkw pgzh zhl pore arlp qzcii cq plkk cq zhl jcw.rltorzgf` qahook cz M|ylfgkl Ao|rz zo

lfq|rl zhcz Fcong hcj lylrw ottorz|fgzw zo iokkop zhro|`h pgzh zhl ao|rz orjlr&

Zhl O|zaonl

Jlqtgzl qlylrck nozgofq ior aofzlntz+ G ncjl qlylrck rlilrrckq zo ozhlr qlrygal troygjlrqcfj arlczlj c toqgzgyl rlkczgofqhgt pgzh Fcong cfj hlr icngkw& Qhl ncjl `rlcz qzrgjlq gf

`lzzgf` bcae of zrcae& Pgzh zhl acrl cfj q|ttorz oi zhl QZIW acql ncfc`lr cfj QTJJlzlazgyl+ zhl IRQ ao|fqlkor+ zhl zr|cfaw acql ncfc`lr+ cfj hlr tcrlfzq+ Fcong‗q



<1

blhcygor gntroylj qo n|ah zhcz hlr nozhlr nozgoflj zhl ao|rz zo jgqngqq zhl CRWtlzgzgof&

G hcyl foz hcj cfw rlalfz aofzcaz pgzh Fcong or hlr icngkw& Gf zhgq acql ‛fo flpq gq `oojflpq„



<9

Zofw= Aofzrcaz lxcntkl

Q|tlrgor Ao|rz oi zhl Qzczl oi Pcqhgf`zof

ior zhl Ao|fzw oi Egf`

Cz.Rgqe Wo|zh+ AHGFQ cfj Zr|cfaw:43 :zh Cyl& Forzh 249 24<.2<08Elfz+ PC 78412 249 24<.2<8< icx

33.43.4:‛Zofw„

Of 34/22/4: zhl Blaac Aonngqqgoflr qg`flj cf orjlr rls|lqzgf` zhcz JcpfFcffgfg+ Q|tlrgor Ao|rz Acql Ncfc`lr+ troygjl c rltorz zo ‛Zofw‗q„ nozhlr cfj zhl

(______ Qahook Jgqzrgaz rl`crjgf` rlaonnlfjczgofq& Org`gfckkw zhl rltorz pcq zo bl

aontklzlj bw 33/48/4:+ b|z ‛Zofw‗q„ hlcrgf` hcq bllf rlqahlj|klj zo caaonnojczl zhlAonngqqgoflr‗q qahlj|kl cfj zhgq rltorz gq blgf` q|bngzzlj of 33/43/4: zo ckkop ckk

tcrzglq zgnl zo rlyglp zhl rlaonnlfjczgofq&

Cizlr nllzgf` pgzh zhl (_____ Qahook Jgqzrgaz of 34/29/4:+ ‛Zofw„ cfj hgq

nozhlr+ cfj zhlgr cjyoaczl of 34/20/4: cfj cizlr c thofl gfzlryglp pgzh ‛Zofw‗q„

trlygo|q ao|fqlkor+ of 34/27/4:+ zhl iokkopgf` obqlryczgofq cfj rlaonnlfjczgofq crlq|bngzzlj zo zhl ao|rz&

Gz gq gntorzcfz zo rlao`fg}l zhcz ckk tcrzglq gfzlryglplj plrl hlkti|k cfjaootlrczgyl pgzh norl aonnof `ro|fj zhcf lxtlazlj& Zhlrl cttlcrq zo bl cf oylrckk

jlqgrl zo igfj c q|aalqqi|k lj|aczgof tro`rcn ior ‛Zofw„& Ckk tcrzglq aonnlfzlj of

‛Zofw„ blgf` gfzlkkg`lfz+ gfqg`hzi|k cfj crzgqzga& C kcae oi zr|qz blzpllf zhl tcrzglq pcq

ckqo fozlj+ gfzlrilrgf` pgzh aonn|fgaczgof cfj aokkcborczgyl trobkln.qokygf`& ‛Zofw‗q„blhcygor ncw bl aontkgaczgf` zhl qzrcgflj rlkczgofqhgt blzpllf hgq nozhlr cfj zhl

qahook jgqzrgaz& ‛Zofw„ hcq rltorzlj qahook gfagjlfzq zo hgq nozhlr zhcz hl kczlr jlfglqphlf zhl qahook czzlntzq gfzlrylfzgofq& Gf cjjgzgof ‛Zofw„ hcq ncjl ckkl`czgofq zo zhl

qahook oi thwqgack cb|ql gf zhl honl zhcz hl kczlr jlfglq&

RLAONNLFJCZGOFQ

3& GLT gnnljgczlkw gntklnlfzlj ckkopgf` ‛Zofw„ zo rlz|rf zo qahook of

33/48/4:& Zhl qahook jgqzrgaz pgkk brgf` qlylrck toqqgbkl GLT‗q zo zhl ao|rz hlcrgf` of33/4</4: pgzh zhl iokkopgf` gfiornczgof gfak|jlj5

- ‛Zofw„ zo zrcfqgzgof bcae zo qahook pgzh ofl bkoae tlr jcw zo bl qahlj|klj pgzhhgq icyorgzl zlcahlr+ (fcnl&

- Zhl jgqzrgaz pgkk troygjl zrcfqtorzczgof cfj lqaorz ‛Zofw„ zo/iron zhl akcqq cz c

qltcrczl zgnl iron ozhlr qz|jlfzq zo jlarlcql zhl rgqe oi ylrbck zlcqgf`&

-Zhl qahook c`rllq zo troygjl ao|fqlkgf` pgzh ‛Zofw‗q„ trlygo|q zhlrctgqz pho

hcq zlfzczgylkw qahlj|klj ‛Zofw„ ior qlqqgofq of Pljflqjcwq cz 1=44 t&n& ior zhl nofzhqoi Foylnblr cfj Jlalnblr& Zhl qahook hcq c`rllj zo troygjl zrcfqtorzczgof zo/iron zhl



<0

ao|fqlkgf` qlqqgofq& (Zhlrl pcq zcke oi zhl qlqqgofq blgf` hlkj cz zhl qahook b|z zhlao|fqlkor gq cycgkcbkl ofkw cz hgq oiigal&

-C z|zor pgkk bl troygjlj bw zhl qahook jgqzrgaz& Nozhlr jgqa|qqlj zhcz zhl z|zor‗q

rlkczgofqhgt pgzh ‛Zofw„ pcq zhl noqz gntorzcfz& Gz gq rlaonnlfjlj zhcz zhl jgqzrgazgjlfzgiw 1.: toqqgbkl z|zorq cfj ckkop ‛Zofw„ zo ncel zhl igfck jlagqgof of pho hl pgkk

pore pgzh ior zhl flxz 14.94 jcwq&-Cfw oi zhl rlaonnlfjczgofq zhcz zhl qahook c`rllq zo b|z gq |fcbkl zo t|z gf zhliornck GLT joa|nlfz ncw bl gfak|jlj gf zhl zr|cfaw orjlr&

2& Icngkw zo jlylkot cf GQZ (gfzlr.c`lfaw qzciigf` zlcn&' Gfiornczgof of cf

|taongf` zrcgfgf` ior prct cro|fj pcq iorpcrjlj zo cf cjyoaczl pho gq tkcffgf` zoczzlfj gi qtcal tlrngzq& Pgzh cf GQZ zlcn ‛Zofw„ po|kj bl lkg`gbkl ior c acql cgjl cfj

toqqgbkl iklx i|fjq zo hlkt pgzh crz q|ttkglq+ toqgzgyl cazgygzglq cfj rlqtgzl ior hgq tcrlfzq&

Zhl zlcn cttrocah ncw ckqo jlarlcql zlfqgof blzpllf zhl tcrlfz cfj qahook jgqzrgaz&

1& Icngkw zo rlqlcrah nljgaczgof zrlcznlfz ior ‛Zofw‗q„ jltrlqqgof/cfxglzw&

Jltrlqqgof cfj cfxglzw plrl aofqgqzlfzkw fozlj gf ckk oi ‛Zofw‗q„ lyck|czgofq (cq|nncrw oi lyck|czgofq cfj rlq|kzq pcq troygjlj bw zhl icngkw Cjyoaczl cfj czzcahlj zo

zhgq joa|nlfz cfj bw ckk tcrzglq gfzlryglplj& Zhlrl crl aofalrfq zhcz zhl jltrlqqgof cfj

cfxglzw crl aofzrgb|zgf` zo ‛Zofw‗q„ jgiiga|kzw ncfc`gf` tllr zlcqgf` cfj ozhlr jcgkw

qzrlqqorq& Hl pcq trlygo|qkw of cfzg.jltrlqqcfz nljgaczgof ior c ylrw qhorz zgnl pgzhngfor qgjl liilazq& Gz ncw bl hlkti|k ior zhl icngkw zo lxtkorl zhl otzgof oi jgiilrlfz

nljgaczgofq hlkti|k ior wo|zh pgzh zhlql jgc`foqlq gf cf cttogfznlfz pgzh c nljgack

troilqqgofck&

:& ‛Zofw„ zo hcyl c yogal gf hgq lj|aczgof& Gi toqqgbkl gz po|kj bl hlkti|k ior‛Zofw„ zo bl cttogfzlj c @|crjgcf cj Kgzln& Phlf nllzgf` pgzh ‛Zofw„ org`gfckkw

pgzh hgq nozhlr cfj cjyoaczl+ hl pcq |fcbkl/|fpgkkgf` zo troygjl gfiornczgof of hgq

kgelq+ jgqkgelq or `ockq& Hl cqelj zhcz G ‛cqe hlr„ cfj togfzlj zo hgq nozhlr& Phlfqtlcegf` pgzh hgn ofl of ofl+ hl yok|fzllrlj zhcz hl pcfzlj zo rlz|rf zo qahook cfj zhcz

hl pcq ‛borlj o|z oi nw ngfj&„ Hl pcq ckqo cbkl zo crzga|kczl ycrgo|q gfzlrlqzq+ gfak|jgf`

c jlqgrl zo tcrzgagtczl gf qtorzq& Hgq jltrlqqgof ao|tklj pgzh hgq nozhlr blgf` q|ah cqzrof` cjyoaczl ior hgn ncw aofzrgb|zl zo hgq jgiiga|kzw yogagf` hgq opf gfzlrlqzq&

‛Zofw„ qho|kj bl ckkoplj zo czzlfj ao|rz hlcrgf`q cfj GLT nllzgf`q& Hl trlqlfzq cq c

tklcqcfz+ lf`c`gf` cfj kgelcbkl wo|f` ncf&

<& Icngkw zo tcrzgagtczl gf IIZ& Zhl ao|rz acf troygjl I|fazgofck Icngkw Zhlrctw

cz fo aoqz zo zhgq icngkw& Gz gq rlaonnlfjlj wo|zh+ nozhlr cfj iczhlr ckk tcrzgagtczl& Gf

zhl tcqz gz pcq fozlj zhcz iczhlr‗q tcrzgagtczgof gf zrlcznlfz hcq bllf tcrzga|kcrkw hlkti|k&

9& Jcpf Fcffgfg bl cqqg`flj ior zhl flxz 14.94 jcwq ior cqqgqzcfal gf

gntklnlfzgf` zhl cboyl rlaonnlfjczgofq&

0& Zr|cfaw rlyglp hlcrgf` bl qahlj|klj zo aogfagjl pgzh rlyglp oi GLT&



Zhl Fczgofck Alfzlr ior Qahook Lf`c`lnlfz

(FAQL' gq cf gfgzgczgyl oi Zhl Aokorcjo

Io|fjczgof ior Icngkglq cfj Ahgkjrlf (AIIA'&

FAQL qzrgylq zo b|gkj c flzpore oi elw

qzcelhokjlrq pho qhcrl zhl blkgli zhcz gntroygf`

qahook czzlfjcfal cfj qahook czzcahnlfz tronozlqcahglylnlfz cfj qahook q|aalqq&

FAQL pcq lqzcbkgqhlj cq c rlq|kz oi norl zhcf c jlacjl oi lj|aczgofck rlqlcrah cbo|z

wo|zh o|z oi zhl lj|aczgofck ncgfqzrlcn aofj|azlj bw AIIA& Zhl gntcaz oi zhgq pore

hcq bllf zhl jlylkotnlfz oi qg`fgigacfz gfylqznlfzq oi qzczl i|fjq zo rlj|al q|qtlfqgofq

lxt|kqgofq cfj zr|cfaw& Oylr igyl wlcrq c`o+ AIIA bl`cf poregf` pgzh zhl OMMJT+ \Q

Jltcrznlfz oi M|qzgal zo cqqgqz gf zhl tkcffgf` cfj gntklnlfzczgof oi tgkoz jlnofqzrczgof

tromlazq caroqq zhl ao|fzrw& Cq tromlazq jlylkotlj+ AIIA blacnl zhl fczgofck lyck|czor

oi zhgq igyl.wlcr zr|cfaw jlnofqzrczgof tromlaz&

Zhl a|kngfczgof oi zlf wlcrq oi tro`rcn lxtlrglfal cfj rlqlcrah hcq gjlfzgiglj zr|cfawcfj qahook lf`c`lnlfz cq zhl alfzlrtglal oi FAQL‗q pore zo gntroyl o|zaonlq ior

wo|zh pho crl cz zhl `rlczlqz rgqe oi qahook icgk|rl cfj jlkgfs|lfaw& Pl crl fczgofck

klcjlrq gf cttkwgf` rlqlcrah zo hlkt aonn|fgzglq trlylfz cfj rlj|al zr|cfaw&

C|zhor=

Trltcrlj ior zhl Oiigal oi M|ylfgkl M|qzgal cfj Jlkgfs|lfaw Trlylfzgof bw zhl Fczgofck Alfzlr

ior Qahook Lf`c`lnlfz&

Fczgofck Alfzlr ior Qahook Lf`c`lnlfz

a/o Aokorcjo Io|fjczgof ior Icngkglq cfj Ahgkjrlf

141 L& 30zh

Cylf|l+ Q|gzl :44

Jlfylr+ AO 84241

(141' 810.8:99

ppp&qahooklf`c`lnlfz&or`

truancy case management handbook: advice from the field

Documents