triple bottom line assessment of single-use disposable ... · problem statement • what are the...

Triple Bottom Line Assessment of Single-use Disposable Plastic Cutlery

Aswitha Kadekar

Demonstration of Professional Competence

PSPD Sustainable Environmental Systems

SPRING-SUMMER 2017

Overview • P R O J E C T B R I E F

- P r o b l e m S t a t e m e n t

- C l i e n t I n t r o d u c t i o n

- C a l i f o r n i a R e c y c l i n g S y s t e m

• I N T R O D U C T I O N

- L i f e C y c l e o f C u t l e r y

• I S S U E S

- E n v i r o n m e n t a l I s s u e s

- E c o n o m i c I s s u e s

- H e a l t h I s s u e s

• A N A LY S I S

- P r o d u c t I n t r o d u c t i o n

- E n v i r o n m e n t a l I m p a c t A n a l y s i s

- E c o n o m i c A n a l y s i s

- H e a l t h I m p l i c a t i o n s

• R E C O M M E N D A T I O N S

- S t e p s F o r C l i e n t

- S t e p s f o r B u s i n e s s

Triple bottom line assessment of Disposable Plastic Cutlery

Problem statement

• WHAT ARE THE IMPACTS OF SINGLE USE DISPOSABLE CUTLERY ON THE ENVIRONMENT ?

• WHAT ARE THE DIFFERENT MATERIAL ALTERNATIVES AVAILABLE AND HOW BENEFICIAL ARE THEY?

• HOW CAN WE MAKE OUR FOOD SERVICE INDUSTRY SUSTAINABLE ?


Image: Google Gallery

Plastic Pollution Coalition is a growing global alliance of organizations, businesses, and

thought leaders working toward a world free of plastic pollution and its toxic impact on humans,

animals, and the environment.


Image: Plastic Pollution Coalition Gallery

MATERIAL CLASSES IN CALIFORNIA’S OVERALL DISPOSED WASTE STREAM

Inerts & Other HHW Special Waste Mixed Residue

Paper Glass Metal Electronics

Plastic Other OrganicSource: www.calrecycle.ca.gov/recycle/commercial

Overall Disposal Of Plastics (General): 13%

Plastic 10.4% 3,215,943

PETE Containers 0.6% 197,202

HDPE Containers 0.5% 139,189

Misc. Plastic Containers 0.6% 173,738

Plastic Trash Bags 1.2% 383,130

Film Products 0.2% 73,394

Durable Plastic Items 2.2% 682,812

Remainder/Composite Plastic 2.5% 782,415

10.4% 37.4%

17.4%

19.9% 0.40% 5.00%

3.10% 0.9%2.50%


California Recycling Program

3.00%

• P R O J E C T B R I E F

- P r o b l e m S t a t e m e n t

- C l i e n t I n t r o d u c t i o n

- C a l i f o r n i a R e c y c l i n g S y s t e m

• I N T R O D U C T I O N

- L i f e C y c l e o f C u t l e r y

• I S S U E S

- E n v i r o n m e n t a l I s s u e s

- E c o n o m i c I s s u e s

- H e a l t h I s s u e s

• A N A LY S I S

- P r o d u c t I n t r o d u c t i o n

- E n v i r o n m e n t a l I m p a c t A n a l y s i s

- E c o n o m i c A n a l y s i s

- H e a l t h I m p l i c a t i o n s

• R E C O M M E N D A T I O N S

- S t e p s F o r C l i e n t

- S t e p s f o r B u s i n e s s


Overview

Where does our cutlery go?

Source: www.applications.ene.gov.on.ca/ezone/pdfs/comicFork_en.pdfTriple bottom line assessment of Disposable Plastic Cutlery

http://www.applications.ene.gov.on.ca/ezone/pdfs/comicFork_en.pdf

• P R O J E C T B R I E F - P r o b l e m S t a t e m e n t- C l i e n t I n t r o d u c t i o n- C a l i f o r n i a R e c y c l i n g S y s t e m

• I N T R O D U C T I O N- L i f e C y c l e o f C u t l e r y

• I S S U E S- E n v i r o n m e n t a l I s s u e s- E c o n o m i c I s s u e s- H e a l t h I s s u e s

• A N A LY S I S- P r o d u c t I n t r o d u c t i o n- E n v i r o n m e n t a l I m p a c t A n a l y s i s- E c o n o m i c A n a l y s i s- H e a l t h I m p l i c a t i o n s

• R E C O M M E N D AT I O N S- S t e p s F o r C l i e n t - S t e p s f o r B u s i n e s s


Overview

Light polymer structure makes regrinding and

molding into PS components difficult without

degradation.

PS comes to recycling with the most

contaminated resin (food contact, toxins

and organics).

Long-term exposure by has shown

brain and nervous system effects and

adverse effects on red blood cells, liver,

kidneys, and stomach.Restaurants look into the easily available and cheaper option .

Consumers attitude towards recycling

seems to end at discarding the cutlery in the “recycling” bin.

Lack of awareness of other alternatives.


Source: Gourmelon, A. “Effect of H on the Plastic Deformation and Fracture of Fe.” Mem. Sci. Rev. Metall. 72.6 (1975): 475-489.

North, Emily J., and Rolf U. Halden. “Plastics and Environmental Health: The Road Ahead.” Reviews on environmental health. U.S. National Library of Medicine, 2013. Web. 03 July 2017.

• P R O J E C T B R I E F - P r o b l e m S t a t e m e n t- C l i e n t I n t r o d u c t i o n- C a l i f o r n i a O v e r a l l D i s p o s a l S y s t e m

• I N T R O D U C T I O N- L i f e C y c l e o f C u t l e r y- P r o d u c t I n t r o d u c t i o n





Overview


PLASTIC SPOON

BIO-PLASTIC SPOON

WOODEN SPOON

Company: World Centric

Location: California, USA (Base: China)

Composition: Polylactic acid + Talc (TPLA)

Quantity: 1 Spoon (Weight: 5.5g)

Company: Prolon Manufacturing

Location: Colorado, USA (Base: Port Gibson, MI)

Composition: Polystyrene (PS)


Company: Aspenware

Location: Canada(Base: British Columbia, BA)

Composition: Birth + Aspen Wood-50%

Leftover Wood-50%


Biodegradable Compostable Recycling

Product Images : Prolon Gallery | World Centric gallery | Aspenware Gallery

Source: www.worldcentric.org/biocompostables/utensils

Source: http://www.prolon.biz/aboutus

Source: www.slideshare.net/fedchyshyn/aspenware


ENVIRONMENTAL ANALYSIS

GOAL:

To evaluate the manufacturing, transportation and end of life consequences of three types of cutlery spoons.

FUNCTIONAL UNIT:

A Functional unit is a measure of the function of the system relating to the input and output flows used to compare impacts across similar products.

For this study, the functional unit is PER USE.

SYSTEM BOUNDARY

• Not including packaging. • Assuming that the product is used by consumer to

maximum of 15 minutes. • Food scraps from kitchen is not considered. • Other types of waste is not considered.

MANUFACTURING

TRANSPORTATION

END OF LIFE

[LANDFILL/INCINERATION]


69.03%

27.96%

72.83%76.57% 73.99%

30.97%

72.04%

27.17%24.43% 26.01%

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

HumanHealth

EcosystemQuality

ClimateChange

ResourceImpact

WaterWithdrawal

PROLON (PLASTIC) SPOON

Prolon Raw Materials Prolon Processing

MANUFACTURING

TRASPORTATION

END OF LIFE

LCA, Quantis Suite 2.0


54.28%43.03%

37.31%

6.46%

8.48%

39.47%

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

120%

HumanHealth

EcosystemQuality

ClimateChange

ResourceImpact

WaterWithdrawal

World Centric Raw Material (PLA) World Centric Raw Material (Corn)

World Centric Raw Material (Talc) World Centric Processing


MANUFACTURING

TRASPORTATION

END OF LIFE


76.11%

23.89%

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

HumanHealth

EcosystemQuality

ClimateChange

ResourceImpact

WaterWithdrawal

ASPENWARE (WOOD) SPOON

Aspenware Raw Materials Aspenware Processing


MANUFACTURING

TRASPORTATION

END OF LIFE


MANUFACTURING

TRANSPORTATION

END OF LIFE0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

HumanHealth

EcosystemQuality

ClimateChange

ResourceImpact

WaterWithdrawal

PROLON (PLASTIC) SPOON

Transport_Truck



32.09%

9.64%

28.64%

38.11%

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

HumanHealth

EcosystemQuality

ClimateChange

ResourceImpact

WaterWithdrawal

WORLD CENTRIC (BIOPLASTIC) SPOON

Transport_China-California Transport_California-Resturant


MANUFACTURING

TRANSPORTATION

END OF LIFE


14.08%

7.30%

81.93% 78.34% 78.64% 76.76%

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

HumanHealth

EcosystemQuality

ClimateChange

ResourceImpact

WaterWithdrawal

ASPENWARE (WOOD) SPOON

Transportation till Dry Facility Transport_Winnipeg-California

Transport_California-LA Port Transport_LA Port-Resturant


MANUFACTURING

TRANSPORTATION

END OF LIFE


MANUFACTURING

TRANSPORTATION

END OF LIFE

93.61%

60.88%

6.39%

39.12%

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

HumanHealth

EcosystemQuality

ClimateChange

ResourceImpact

WaterWithdrawal

PROLON (PLASTIC) SPOON-EOL IMPACT

Prolon_Landfill Prolon_IncinerationLCA, Quantis Suite 2.0


7.41%

52.71%

92.59%

47.29%

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

HumanHealth

EcosystemQuality

ClimateChange

ResourceImpact

WaterWithdrawal

WORLD CENTRIC (BIOPLASTIC) SPOON EOL IMPACT

World Centric_Landfill World Centric_Incineration


MANUFACTURING

TRANSPORTATION

END OF LIFE


8.03%

96.13%

91.97%

3.87%

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

HumanHealth

EcosystemQuality

ClimateChange

ResourceImpact

WaterWithdrawal

ASPENWARE (WOOD) SPOON- EOL IMPACT

Aspenware_Landfill Aspenware_Incineration


MANUFACTURING

TRANSPORTATION

END OF LIFE

85.04%

59.99%

61.38%

68.63%

10.72%

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

HumanHealth

EcosystemQuality

ClimateChange

ResourceImpact

WaterWithdrawal

ASPENWARE (WOOD) SPOON: OVERAL IMPACT ANALYSIS

92.28% 97.23%80.06%

75.78%46.59%

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

HumanHealth

EcosystemQuality

ClimateChange

ResourceImpact

WaterWithdrawal

WORLD CENTRIC (BIO PLASTIC) SPOON: OVERALL IMPACT

ANALYSIS

World Centric Manufacturing World Centric Transportation

World Centric End of Life

64.19%

86.20%75.79%

85.01%95.75%

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

120%

HumanHealth

EcosystemQuality

ClimateChange

ResourceImpact

WaterWithdrawal

PROLON (PLASTIC) SPOON: OVERALL IMPACT ANALYSIS

MANUFACTURING

TRANSPORTATION

END OF LIFE



ECONOMIC ANALYSIS-Why do we need sustainable choices?


The growing Market of Restaurant

The National Restaurant Association

projects restaurants sales to reach

$798.7 billion by 2017.

Quick service and fast casual

restaurants expected to raise a total of

$233.7 billion by 2017.

In California there is 27,120 quick

service restaurants.

Number of people eating outside

Millennials are the highest number of

population which spend at least one

meal outside in a day.

The cutlery Industry projections

Global plastic industry generates

about 600 billion dollars annually.

Plastic disposable industry is

projected to increase to 21.9 billion by 2019.

Bio plastic industry is expected to

become a 3.4 billion dollar industry by 2020.

Freedonia Group. “Foodservice Disposables, US Industry Study with Forecasts for 2019 & 2024.” N.p., Aug. 2015. Web. 05 July 2017.

Lutz, Ashley. “5 ways millennials’ dining habits are different from their parents’” Business Insider. Business Insider, 25 Mar. 2015. Web. 05 July 2017.

“Thermoformed Plastics Market Analysis By Product, By Process, By Application (Healthcare, Food Packaging, Electrical & Electronics, Automotive,

Construction, Consumer Goods), And Segment Forecasts, 2014 - 2025.” Thermoformed Plastics Market Size, Share | Industry Report, 2014-2025, May 2017.

ECONOMIC ANALYSIS-Price Comparison of Products


Item Description

[Single Unit]

Price(USD)

Plastic Spoon Set

(Prolon Manufacturing LLC)

$4.99

Bio-Plastic Spoon set

(World Centric)$2.89

Wood Spoon Set

(Aspenware) $2.55

Item Description

[Bulk Purchase]

Price (USD)

Plastic Spoon Set -1000 pc.

(Prolon Manufacturing LLC)$2.99

Bio-Plastic Spoon set-24 pc.

(World Centric)$2.58

Wood Spoon Set-1000 pc.

(Aspenware) $1.78


HEALTH IMPACTS OF PLASTICS

6• Plastics cutlery last until 1000 in water bodies.

• Accumulation in landfill pose a threat to neighboring communities

by affecting their health.

• Irritation in eyes, nose, throat and cause dizziness.

• Workers exposed to large amount of styrene during manufacturing

develop breathing problems.

• Long term exposure causes injury to nervous systems.

“Ecology Center.” Ecology Center, ecologycenter.org/factsheets/adverse-health-effects-of-plastics.

Gourmelon, A. “Effect of H on the Plastic Deformation and Fracture of Fe.” Mem. Sci. Rev. Metall. 72.6 (1975): 475-489.

• P R O J E C T B R I E F - P r o b l e m S t a t e m e n t- C l i e n t I n t r o d u c t i o n- C a l i f o r n i a R e c y c l i n g S y s t e m

• I N T R O D U C T I O N- L i f e C y c l e o f C u t l e r y





Overview

Steps for Client


Educate restaurants

about the Green

Restaurant

Certification Rating

System.

Approach

restaurants with trail

packets of

sustainable cutlery.

Review short term

vs. long term

financial projections.

Educational

workshops for

business owners

Images: Green Restaurant Association logo Webpage

Step for Business


Restrict giving

cutlery along with

take out food or

delivery.

Choose

sustainable

options locally

available.

Get active with

local community

to reduce single

use, disposable

plastics.

Images: Bakeys |Google galleryPlastic Pollution Coalition Events Webpage

Thank you.

Source: www.endofthenet.org/archives/10516/life-of-a-plastic-spoon

triple bottom line assessment of single-use disposable ... · problem statement • what are the...

Documents