triga rc 1 and tapiro enea research reactors consultancy meeting ‐development of a rrs catalogue...

IAEA Consultancy meeting ‐ Development of a RRs Catalogue Vienna, June 10‐12, 2013

TRIGA RC‐1 and TAPIROENEA Research Reactors

M. Carta, M. Palomba

ENEAItalian National Agency for

New Technologies, Energy and Sustainable Economic DevelopmentC.R. CASACCIA

Via Anguillarese, 301 ,00123 S. MARIA DI GALERIA (ROMA) [email protected], [email protected]


1. TRIGA RC‐1 reactor

2. TAPIRO reactor

3. Final comments

2

Presentation Layout


We are here


We are here(go to Google maps for further secret details)


TRIGA RC‐1 Reactor



Reactor Triga Mark II

Reactor Name ENEA RC‐1

Site C.R. Casaccia Rome

Power 1 MW

Construction (100 kW) 1960

Upgrade (1 MW) 1967

Fuel Uranium – ZrH alloy (8.5% Wt U)

Enrichment 20 % 235U

Moderator H2O, ZrH

Coolant Demineralized water in natural convection

TRIGA RC‐1 Main Features ‐ 1



TRIGA RC‐1 Main Features ‐ 2

Reflector Graphite

Control rods#3 B4C Fuel Follower#1 B4C Regulating Rod

Fuel Clad SS – Clad (0.5 mm thickness)

U – 235 per fuel element ~ 38 g (fresh)

U – 235 loaded ~ 3400 g

Max burn‐up allowed 35 %

Max Neutron Flux (Central Thimble) ~ 2.7∙1013 n/cm2∙s



Horizontal Section



Standard Core Configuration

Standard Fuel Elements (N=106)

Fuel Follower Control Rod (N=3)

Boron Carbide Control Rod (N=1)

Instrumented Elements (N=3)

Graphite (N=11)

Neutron Source (N=1)

Central Thimble (Air or Water)

Rabbit


TRIGA RC‐1 Reactor – TRADE epopee

SC0 (~ ‐500 pcm)



SC2 (~ ‐2500 pcm)



SC3 (~ ‐5000 pcm)



pre-TRADE Experimental Benchmark

M. Carta, N. Burgio, V. Peluso, R. Rosa, A. Santagata (ENEA) C. Jammes (CEA)

M. Martina (Politecnico di Torino) T. Sasa, T. Sugawara (JAEA)

IAEA Coordinated Research Project “Analytical and Experimental Benchmark Analyses of Accelerator Driven Systems (ADS)”

coordinated by A. Stanculescu → S. Monti (IAEA)



Triga RC‐1

Main Standard Activities:

Neutron Radiography & Tomography;

Neutron Activation Analysis;

Radioisotopes production for medical applications;

Training.



New displays/recorders:



Reactor Room/Radiochemical Lab Air Particulate Monitors :



NEUTRON RADIOGRAPHY AND TOMOGRAPHY EQUIPMENT AT ENEA C.R. CASACCIA TRIGA RC‐1 REACTORM.Palomba1, L.Falconi1, D.Manco1, R.Bove1, M.Sepielli11. ENEA, Via Anguillarese 301 00123 S.Maria di Galeria (Roma), Italy

7th International Topical Meeting on Neutron RadiographyKingston, Canada16– 24 June 2012

CHARACTERIZATION OF A NEUTRON COLLIMATOR FOR NEUTRON RADIOGRAPHY APPLICATIONS.M. Palomba, R. RosaTRIGA Research Reactor, ENEA CasacciaVia Anguillarese, 301 – 00060 S. Maria di Galeria – Rome ‐ Italy

NEUTRON RADIOGRAPHY FACILITY COMBINED WITH X-RAY INDUSTRIAL TYPE GENERATORM. Palomba, R. RosaTRIGA Research Reactor, ENEA CasacciaVia Anguillarese, 301 – 00060 S. Maria di Galeria – Rome - Italy

A NEW IRRADIATION DEVICE AT THE THERMALIZING COLUMN OF RC‐1 TRIGA REACTORM.Palomba1, L.Falconi1, A.Grossi1, M.Sepielli1,R.Bove1

1. ENEA, Via Anguillarese 301 ‐ 00123 S.Maria di Galeria (Roma), Italy


TAPIRO (Tapir in English)?

TAratura PIla Rapida a potenza zerO

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What is the TAPIRO reactor?

CalibrationFast Pile at Zero Power


R. Rosa TRT‐IGORR Joint Meeting ‐ Gaithersburg, MD, 2005

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TAPIRO Reactor



TAPIRO Reactor


M. Angelone et al., CMS NOTE 1998/060

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0.E+00

2.E+10

4.E+10

6.E+10

8.E+10

1.E+11

1.E+11

1.E-01 1.E+00 1.E+01 1.E+02 1.E+03 1.E+04 1.E+05 1.E+06 1.E+07 1.E+08

E (eV)

16.5

0.E+002.E+084.E+086.E+088.E+081.E+091.E+091.E+092.E+09

1.E-01 1.E+00 1.E+01 1.E+02 1.E+03 1.E+04 1.E+05 1.E+06 1.E+07 1.E+08

E (eV)

42.5

0.E+001.E+112.E+113.E+114.E+115.E+116.E+117.E+118.E+11

1.E-01 1.E+00 1.E+01 1.E+02 1.E+03 1.E+04 1.E+05 1.E+06 1.E+07 1.E+08

E (eV)

0.25

Φ ≈ 3∙1012 n/cm2∙s @ 5 kWΦ ≈ 5∙1011 n/cm2∙s @ 5 kW

Φ ≈ 2∙1010 n/cm2∙s @ 5 kW

TAPIRO Reactor


(not exhaustive list, casual order)

Nuclear data experiencesA. D'Angelo. M. Martini and M. Salvatores "The TAPIRO fast source reactor as a benchmark for nuclear data testing ", Energia Nucleare Vol. 20, n. 11, 614‐621 (1973)

Irradia on experiences → PECM. Carta, A. De Carli, P. Moioli, "Esperienza di irraggiamento del mock‐up della griglia del PEC", CNEN REPORT RIT/FIS‐LTCR(81)1, 1981

Na propaga on experiences → SPX1D. Antonini, M.L. Bargellini, M. Martini, P. Moioli: Esperienze di diffusione neutronica in sodio mediante il reattore sorgente veloce TAPIRO ‐ CNEN REPORT RT/FI(78)4, May 1978

Na/SS propaga on experiences → SPX1De Carli, A. ; Rado, V. ; Savatores, M. ; Trapp, J.P ; Carta, M.; Propagation experiments in steel‐sodium mixtures at TAPIRO, Nuclear Energy Agency Committee on reactor physics, Paris, France, 27 ‐ 29 Oct 1980

FBR blanket propaga on experiences → SPX1M. Carta, A. De Carli, R. Martinelli, P. Moioli ‐ CSN Casaccia, CNEN; G. Daguzan, M. Salvatores, J.P. Trapp ‐ CEN Cadarache, CEA: Spectrum characterization in a simulated FR blanket region via activation of threshold and continuous detectors ‐ Proc. of the Fourth ASTM‐EURATOM Symposium on Reactor Dosimetry, NUREG/CP 0029, VOL I, 211, Gaithersburg, Maryland, March 1982

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What has been done in the past thanks to the TAPIRO reactor Reactor Physics 1971‐1983


Na/SS propaga on experiences → SPX1



FBR blanket propaga on experiences → SPX1



What has been done in the past…The TAPIRO neutronic characterization 1983‐1986

I must state that I am not aware of any permanent nuclear reactor system that, despite its a‐priori complexity, has ever been so comprehensively characterized neutronically, over so large and steep a range of neutron field variation, over so complete an energetic domain and to the accuracy levels defended here.

A. Fabry, NEUTRONIC CHARACTERIZATION OF THE TAPIRO FAST‐NEUTRON SOURCE REACTOR

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Bilateral agreement ENEA ‐ SCK•CEN Mol


Benchmark‐Field Referencing

32

2525i

k,iEQk,i ,c

c

TAPIRO

MOL ‐ ΣΣ

Flux TranferNBS (USA)MOL ‐ ΣΣ



Direct integral experimental link between the standard (fission spectrum) and the Tapiro core center neutron field shows impressive spectral similitude above 1 MeV, a fact which allows to turn the second system into a true benchmark facility.

This is the only fast neutron benchmark in Western Europe displaying neutron fluxes as high as 1012 cm‐2 s‐1, a feature making it ideally suited for routine Benchmark Field Referencing within the Community.

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A. Fabry, Ibidem



(not exhaustive list, casual order)

APD (Avalanche PhotoDiodes) irradiation in support to CMS (Compact Muon Solenoid – LHC – CERN) experiencesM. Angelone, A. Festinesi, G.Rosi, F. Cavallari, M. Diemoz, E. Longo, G. Organtini; Neutron flux Measurement at Tapiro fast reactor for APD’s Irradiation fluence evaluation; CMS NOTE 1998/060

MDT (Monitored Drift Tubes) irradiation in support to ATLAS (LHC – CERN) experiencesD. Salvatore, P. Branchini, S. Di Luise, E. Graziani, C. Mazzotta, E. Meoni, G. Morello, A. Passeri, F. Petrucci, A. Policicchio, M. Schioppa; Neutron intensive irradiation test on ATLAS MDT chambers at TAPIRO nuclear reactor; Nuclear Physics B (Proc. Suppl.) 172 (2007) 183–186

SPND (Self Powered Neutron Detectors) irradiation in support to ITER (LHC –CERN) experiencesM. Angelone, A. Klix; Self Powered Neutron Detectors; Final report on Task 3.1.1 ‐ F4E‐2010‐GRT‐056‐02 (ES‐AC) on Nuclear Data Studies/Experiments in Support of TBM Activities

What has been done in the past…After 1986


Propaga on experiences→ Correla on analysis TAPIRO ↔ Reference

F. Pisacane, A. Santagata, M. Carta, L. Ricci, A. Gandini, M. Sepielli; Fast Research Reactor for Generation IV Technologies; submitted to IAEA International Conference on Fast Reactors and Related Fuel Cycles: Safe Technologies and Sustainable Scenarios (FR13), Paris, France, 4‐7 March 2013

MCNP model (A. Santagata, N. Burgio) ERANOS model (L. Ricci, T. Murgia – Univ. Roma)

LEAD

What can be done in the future?(support to GEN IV systems)


Irradia on and propaga on experiences → Nuclear data

Consistent Data Assimilation methodology(*)

Linking the integral data experiment results to basic nuclear parameters employed by evaluators to generate ENDF/B point energy files in order to improve them.

(*) G. Palmiotti, M. Salvatores, H. Hiruta, M. Herman, P. Oblozinsky, M. T. Pigni; USE OF COVARIANCE MATRICES IN A CONSISTENT (MULTISCALE) DATA ASSIMILATION FOR IMPROVEMENT OF BASIC NUCLEAR PARAMETERS IN NUCLEAR REACTOR APPLICATIONS: FROM METERS TO FEMTOMETERS; International Conference on Nuclear Data for Science and Technology 2010

• Sensitivity coefficients (adjoint technique) of integral reactor parameters to the cross section variations (ERANOS code).

• Sensitivity of cross sections to the perturbation of the reaction model parameters (EMPIRE code).

What can be done in the future?(support to GEN IV systems)


Final comments(before preparing contributions to the RR Catalogue)

TRIGA(s) can be used in a variety of applications supporting GEN IV.

TAPIRO is a “qualitative” (not “quantitative” as in the current fashion) powerful tool to investigate in a well characterized neutron field (a so called standard field) the properties of the matter under neutron irradiation.

Under this point of view our RR potentials are clear. It’s obvious how such characteristics can support GEN IV researches in the Advanced Reactors concepts field (included Fuel Cycle “Aids”, like ADS).

Last not least: TAPIRO and the 2 Italian TRIGA reactors, 1 ENEA and the other one in Pavia, are presently the only Italian elastic bands still pulling (what remains of) the Italian nuclear culture (Universities…) towards the Enrico Fermi legacy.

triga rc 1 and tapiro enea research reactors consultancy meeting ‐development of a rrs catalogue...

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