trends in training and simulation technologies
TRANSCRIPT
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SMi Fast Jet Pilot Training Central and Eastern Europe - Prague - 6 Jun 2017
Trends in Training and Simulation
Technologies
The Digitisation of Training?
Andy Fawkes
Pixabay
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• The Digitisation of Training
• Digital Media Advances
• Digital Device Advances
• Impact of AI on Training
• A More Analytical Future?
Presentation Outline
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The Digitisation of Training
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Oldest Surviving Training Media
13th Century German Sword & Buckler Manual
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Link Trainer (1940s)
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(Quite) Recent
Teaching Aids
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Digital Media
US Air Force
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Digital Media Consumption
Pixabay
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E-Learning
Pixabay
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Quantified Human
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Sensors Everywhere
Internet of Things Consortium
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Technology Now – Choices, Choices…
BISim, Pixabay
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Changing Demographics
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The
Digitisation
of Training
E-Learning
Simulation
Virtual Reality
Augmented Reality
Mixed Reality
Wearables
Internet of Things
Sensors
Mobile Computing
Cloud Computing
Data Analytics
Artificial Intelligence
Autonomous Systems
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• Previous industrial revolutions– liberated humankind from animal power
– made mass production possible
– brought digital capabilities to billions of people
• The Fourth Industrial Revolution is
characterized by a
• range of new technologies that are
fusing the physical, digital and
biological worlds,
• impacting all disciplines, economies
and industries, and
• even challenging ideas about what it
means to be human.
Parallels…The Fourth Industrial Revolution
Jan 17 - Klaus Schwab
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A Fourth Revolution - Training 4.0 (?)
1st 2nd 3rd 4th
Paper,
Chalk
Paper,
Electro-
Mechanical
Digital
Media
Digitisation
of Training
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Digital Media Advances
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“Future Views: Aircrew Training 1980-2000”
Enemy aggression detected Planning a response
Rehearsal and analysis Real time mission observation
Trends in Modeling, Simulation, & Gaming: Personal Observations about the Past Thirty Years and Speculation about the Next Ten. Jack Thorpe, Ph.D.
Captain Jack A. Thorpe, US Air Force Office of Scientific Research - 1978
1 2
3 4
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Whole Earth
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Simulation/Visualisation can be rapidly adapted and exploited for mission training and rehearsal
Rapidly Reconfigurable Simulation
Pix4D
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Digital Device Advances
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VR Training for F-18F Pilot and WSO
• Portable system designed to deploy on a carrier
• Full field of view immersive environment
• Intuitive user interface to develop muscle memory
• Global gaming area for mission rehearsal
• High-fidelity, full-featured
• Interoperable with legacy systems
Bohemia Interactive Simulations
Bohemia/US Navy F-18F Rapid Innovation Project
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Architecture
Bohemia Interactive Simulations
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In action…
Bohemia Interactive Simulations
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• Virtually no simulator sickness, even after long exposures
• Suitable for a wide variety of training across the continuum where the trainee does not need to feel physical forces
• Full field of view and multi-ship networking enables transition of training tasks from live to virtual
• Mixed Reality Virtual Crew Station has tremendous potential, but tracking must improve
• Display resolution is a major challenge
Results
Bohemia Interactive Simulations
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• Enhance the interface
• Intelligent Tutors
• Feature Development▪ NVG
▪ Joint Helmet Mounted Cueing System
▪ Virtual knee board
• Alternate Technologies▪ Wider FOV, higher resolution HMDs
▪ Google sensors
• Augmented Reality Visuals
Future Plans
Bohemia Interactive Simulations
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Google WorldSense (2017)
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D-BOX
Cost Effective Motion
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Unreal 4 on Amazon Cloud PCWikipedia
Source - http://gofreak.tumblr.com/post/87018936015/unreal-engine-4-developing-in-the-cloud
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Fujitsu/VBS3
DSEi Sep 15
Zero Client
Shared 20MB + WiFi
55 miles
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Impact of Artificial Intelligence (AI)
on Training
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• Artificial intelligence is intelligence exhibited by a machine that perceives its environment and takes actions that maximize its chance of success at some goal, which can be:
– Reasoning, problem solving– Knowledge representation– Planning– Learning– Natural language processing– Perception– Motion and manipulation– Social intelligence– Creativity– General intelligence
Wikipedia/Pixabay
What is AI?
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Pixabay
Why Concern Ourselves with AI?
• More Autonomous Systems in the Battlespace
• Significant progress in AI technology
• AI can help tell us a lot about what humans are good at and not so good at
• AI may in future help humans learn and support their decision making
• Simulation can train both people and AI/autonomous systems
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The Drivers of AI…
Computational
PowerBig Data
Pixabay
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US Navy X-47B Drone
US Navy Media Content Services
August
2014
April
2015
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DARPA’s System of Systems Integration
Technology and Experimentation (SoSITE) (2015)
concepts for maintaining air superiority through novel system-of-systems architectures
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US DoD Perdix Drone
US DoD
103 Perdix Drone Swarm (Oct 16)
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AI Learning in Games (2015)
Google DeepMind
(Atari Breakout)
Princetown University
(TORCS Racing Simulator)
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Nvidia Isaac Robot Training (May 2017)
Nvidia
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AI v Humans –
Strategy
Games
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So What?
Computers are being
programed to learn
how to play games, not
how to play games
Pixabay
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Vast Resources not always Required…
University British Columbia –
Locomotion Skills AIUniversity of Texas – Mari/O
UC Berkeley – Curiosity AIGTA V AI
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Google AutoDraw with Machine Learning
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Google AutoDraw with Machine Learning
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Computers still aren’t that clever
Google Street View
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Good Communicators?
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Humans are (Somewhat) Unpredictable
• We get the benefit of surprises, happy
accidents and unexpected connections
and intuitions.
• Interaction, cooperation and
collaboration with others multiplies
those opportunities.
“Eliminating the Human”
David Byrne | May 15, 2017
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UK Royal Navy Training
• “are we ready to fight tonight?”
– rules/machine focus
• “are we prepared to fight tomorrow?”
– innovation/human focus
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A More Analytical Future?
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A Data Rich Future
E-Learning
Simulation
Virtual Reality
Augmented Reality
Mixed Reality
Wearables
Internet of Things
Sensors
Mobile Computing
Cloud Computing
Data Analytics
Artificial Intelligence
Autonomous Systems
Pixabay
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Better Training
Systems?
---
Better Management
of Training?
Pixabay
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Training
System Quality
Assessment
Pixabay
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How do you know where to invest?
Pixabay
More e-Learning
for all?
A more expensive
Simulator for a few?
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Value for Money? - US GAO Aug 16 Report
• Seven (US Army) virtual training devices are used on
average for 21% of their total availability
• Four of the low-use systems cost more than $70 million
to procure and $15 million to operate in FY2015
• Gaps in Governance:
– Front-end analysis
– Effectiveness analysis
– Linkage with training strategies
“Efforts to Adjust Training Requirements Should Consider the Use of Virtual Training Devices”
Utilisation
Engagement Skills Trainer II (EST II) 38%
Call for Fire Trainer II 37.8%
Games for Training VBS coming 30.8%
Dismounted Soldier Training System (DSTS) 15.4%
Stryker Mobile Gun System Advanced Gunnery Training System (MGS AGTS) 8.6%
Intelligence and EW Tactical Proficiency Trainer (IEWTPT) 8.4%
Common Driver Trainer (CDT) Mine Resistant Ambush Protected (MRAP) vehicle device 1.3%
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Problems…
Dr J. Michael Gilmore, US Director of
Operational Test and Evaluation’s Report
on F-35 Problems (Jan 16):
A lack of high-fidelity simulators torehearse combat missions and specializeddata for each major geographic area thatpilots will use to test sensors and trackenemy radar.
Wikipedia
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Islands of Training DataPixabay
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A World of Change…
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Increase Focus on Learning Analytics
• Learning analytics is the:
– Measurement
– Collection
– Analysis, and
– Reporting of Learning Data
• To understand and optimize learning
and the environments in which it occurs
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xAPI
learnxapi.com
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Training & Operations Management Software (FlightPro)
Ocean Software FlightPro®
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Training & Operations Management Software (FlightPro)
Ocean Software FlightPro®
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A Flight Deck for Training?
Sensors, Data, Displays, Automation, Human Skills...
Pixabay
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Digitisation Extended…
E-Learning
Simulation
Virtual Reality
Augmented Reality
Mixed Reality
Wearables
Internet of Things
Sensors
Mobile Computing
Cloud Computing
Data Analytics
Artificial Intelligence
Autonomous Systems
Pixabay
HR
Systems
Operational
Systems
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In Summary
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Pixabay
The Whole World in Simulation
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CC0
VR is Looking More Promising
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Autonomous
Systems
SimulationHuman(s)
Could Simulation Play a Bigger Role in Autonomous Systems?
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Pixabay
Data
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A Fourth Revolution - Training 4.0
1st 2nd 3rd 4th
Paper,
Chalk
Paper,
Electro-
Mechanical
Digital
Media
Digitisation
of Training
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Questions?
Simpsons