trends in intelligent transport systems
TRANSCRIPT
1 Trends in ITS | Dr.-Ing. Philip Krueger | Institute for Transport Studies, Leeds | 2015, February |
Trends in ITS – Overview, Challenges Dr.-Ing. Philip Krueger
University of Leeds, Institute for Transport Studies, England
February 25th 2015
BMVBS (2012)
2 Trends in ITS | Dr.-Ing. Philip Krueger | Institute for Transport Studies, Leeds | 2015, February |
Content
Introduction
Trends in ITS
Role of ITS architecture
Challenges and conclusion
BMVBS (2012)
3 Trends in ITS | Dr.-Ing. Philip Krueger | Institute for Transport Studies, Leeds | 2015, February |
(1) International and national guidelines for telematics
and ITS architectures in road traffic
Reports of the German Federal Highway Research Institute
(BASt), Vol. F79 (2011) http://bast.opus.hbz-nrw.de/frontdoor.php?source_opus=585&la=de
(2) Report on existing and planned ITS in Germany**
Basis of German ITS Initial Report (BMVBS 2011),
Referred to: 17(1), Directive 2010/40/EU http://ec.europa.eu/transport/themes/its/road/action_plan/doc/2011_its_initial_report_germany.pdf
(3) Identification and analysis of measures for
the German National ITS Action Plan**
Basis of the German ITS Action Plan (BMVBS 2012) http://www.bmvbs.de/SharedDocs/DE/Artikel/LA/ivs-im-strassenverkehr.html
Introduction
Related Research Projects at TU Darmstadt
Source: www.bmvbs.de
Source: www.europa.eu
Source: www.bast.de
** cooperation with TU Munich: Prof. Dr.-Ing. Fritz Busch
4 Trends in ITS | Dr.-Ing. Philip Krueger | Institute for Transport Studies, Leeds | 2015, February |
In Europe as well as in Germany ITS is considered as a key factor for a
safe and sustainable transport system. Promotion of the development of
ITS by the European Union and the German federal Government: e. g. ITS guideline 2010/40/EU, EU Action Plan COM(2008) 886, German ITS Action Plan
Use of technology is necessary for flexible using infrastructure and
transport means as well as for coping with the increasing complexity of
traffic management
ITS is expected to contribute significantly to coping with increasing
traffic volumes
The ITS market is characterized by a rapid and dynamic
evolution. Also for the future this trend will not be changed
Introduction
Lots of Initiatives
5 Trends in ITS | Dr.-Ing. Philip Krueger | Institute for Transport Studies, Leeds | 2015, February |
Introduction
Basic Principle of ITS
Source: BASt (2012)
6 Trends in ITS | Dr.-Ing. Philip Krueger | Institute for Transport Studies, Leeds | 2015, February |
Introduction
Typical Functional Areas (see ISO 14813) Functional area Description
Traveller information Provision of both static and dynamic information about the transport network to users,
including modal options and transfers.
Traffic management and
operations
The management of the movement of vehicles, travellers and pedestrians throughout
the road transport network.
Vehicle services Enhancement of safety, security and efficiency in vehicle operations, by warnings and
assistances to users or control vehicle operations.
Freight transport The management of commercial vehicle operations, freight and fleet management, and
activities that expedite the authorization process for cargo at national and jurisdictional
boundaries and expedite cross-modal transfers for authorized cargo.
Public transport Operation of public transport services and the provision of operational information to the
operator and user, including multi-modal aspects.
Emergency Services delivered in response to incidents that are categorized as emergencies.
Transport-related electronic
payment
Transactions and reservations for transport-related services.
Road transport-related personal
safety
Protection of transport users including pedestrians and vulnerable users.
Weather and environmental
conditions monitoring
Activities that monitor and notify weather and environmental conditions.
Disaster response management
and coordination
Road transport-based activities in response to natural disasters, civil disturbances or
terror attacks.
National security Activities that directly protect or mitigate physical or operational harm to persons and
facilities due to natural disasters, civil disturbances or terror attacks. Sourc
e: Lotz
-Keens (
2012)
7 Trends in ITS | Dr.-Ing. Philip Krueger | Institute for Transport Studies, Leeds | 2015, February |
…has to serve the fulfillment of specific goals
Typical traffic related goals refer to:
Accidents, pollution, noise, capacity, traffic flow, …
congestion, more efficient use of capacity, …
30% of urban traffic is drivers looking for parking, …
Background factors
urbanisation, increasing spatial disparity, aging society
Increasing environmental protection and regulation
Recent drivers for the development of ITS
Satellite navigation, mobile communications networks, internet,
smartphones and other nomadic devices
Introduction
Use of ITS…
8 Trends in ITS | Dr.-Ing. Philip Krueger | Institute for Transport Studies, Leeds | 2015, February |
Sourc
e: w
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Trends in ITS
Internet of Things
9 Trends in ITS | Dr.-Ing. Philip Krueger | Institute for Transport Studies, Leeds | 2015, February |
Sourc
e: w
ww
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Trends in ITS
Individualisation of ITS
10 Trends in ITS | Dr.-Ing. Philip Krueger | Institute for Transport Studies, Leeds | 2015, February |
Sourc
e: w
ww
.sym
plio
.com
Trends in ITS
New World?
11 Trends in ITS | Dr.-Ing. Philip Krueger | Institute for Transport Studies, Leeds | 2015, February |
Ride sharing platforms blur the boundary between public transport and
individual transport (e. g. Uber, Lyft)
Services predict your behavior, e. g. when you will leave your parking
space (see ParkTAG )
Multimodal journey planners (e.g. qixxit.de, moovel.com)
Free floating carsharing (e. g. Car2go, DriveNow)
Careful: often, the main idea of shared economy is making money
Trends in ITS
Some New Services
www.moovel.com www.qixxit.de www.lyft.com www.uber.com www.parktag.mobi www.waze.com
12 Trends in ITS | Dr.-Ing. Philip Krueger | Institute for Transport Studies, Leeds | 2015, February |
Increasing demand for ITS: Growing traffic volumes require a flexible
use of traffic infrastructure, traffic routes become increasingly difficult to
expand and augment
Data are the „oil“ of the 21st century
Requirements for new services. Remember urbanisation, increasing
spatial disparity, aging society
New aims for services: e. g. influencing the modal choice behaviour
Trends in ITS (1)
13 Trends in ITS | Dr.-Ing. Philip Krueger | Institute for Transport Studies, Leeds | 2015, February |
Fast technological progress. ITS are enhanced very quickly, increasing
dissemination of ITS (e. g. Smartphones)
More data available and new technologies:
(e. g. Open Government Data Initiative of European Commission),
Big Data, Cloud Computing, Internet of Things, Social Media…
Vision is a smart transport network
New technologies permit merging and processing of heterogenous
data in real time
New technologies support/replace existing one‘s: e.g. real time traffic
information are produced for lower costs and with higher quality by using
FCD then by using loop detectors
Trend towards individualisation of ITS services
New actors on the market. Cooperation between privat actors and public
authorities is of increasing importance
Trends in ITS (2)
14 Trends in ITS | Dr.-Ing. Philip Krueger | Institute for Transport Studies, Leeds | 2015, February |
Trends in ITS
Floating Car Data (FCD)
Source: O. Kannenberg: TomTom Traffic Products & Services. Präsentation.
MDM-Nutzerkonferenz, Berlin, November 2014
15 Trends in ITS | Dr.-Ing. Philip Krueger | Institute for Transport Studies, Leeds | 2015, February |
Quelle: Gal-Tzur et al. (2014). In: Transport Policy 32 (2014) 115-123
Trends in ITS
User Generated Data, e. g. Social Media
16 Trends in ITS | Dr.-Ing. Philip Krueger | Institute for Transport Studies, Leeds | 2015, February |
Intermodal services are of increasing demand. The requirements for
traffic management become more complex
Increasing demand for individualized traffic management as well as
the integration with collective traffic management
Door2Door services as well as indoor navigation are of increasing
demand. The integration of ITS services from different providers in
real time is required (Multiprovider mobility management)
Young people want to use transport means rather than owning them
Cooperative applications become used regularly in practice
Autonomous applications need time for a regular implementation:
modification of liability law, license regulation necessary
Trends in ITS (3)
17 Trends in ITS | Dr.-Ing. Philip Krueger | Institute for Transport Studies, Leeds | 2015, February |
Trends in ITS
Intermodal ITS
Source: J. Meier-Berberich, M. Raupp. Stuttgart Services, Intelligent vernetzte, nachhaltige und einfache Elektromobilität um urbane
Angebote für die Region Stuttgart zu ergänzen. In: Internationales Verkehrswesen, 1|2014
18 Trends in ITS | Dr.-Ing. Philip Krueger | Institute for Transport Studies, Leeds | 2015, February |
Sourc
e: J. M
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Raupp. S
tuttgart
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: In
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Trends in ITS
Intermodal ITS
19 Trends in ITS | Dr.-Ing. Philip Krueger | Institute for Transport Studies, Leeds | 2015, February |
DB AG: DIMIS 2013
Trends in ITS
Door2Door Services
20 Trends in ITS | Dr.-Ing. Philip Krueger | Institute for Transport Studies, Leeds | 2015, February |
Privacy,
Security
Organisation Integration
Trends in ITS
Legal Issues
§ § ? ? ? §
21 Trends in ITS | Dr.-Ing. Philip Krueger | Institute for Transport Studies, Leeds | 2015, February |
Budgetary deficits of public authorities
Long investment cycles
Federal structures
(too) little pressure to succed for public authorities
Market economy related goals
Trends in ITS
Other Issues
22 Trends in ITS | Dr.-Ing. Philip Krueger | Institute for Transport Studies, Leeds | 2015, February |
Trends in ITS
New Navigation Algorithms
A
B.2
B.1
C
Source: www.graphmasters.net
23 Trends in ITS | Dr.-Ing. Philip Krueger | Institute for Transport Studies, Leeds | 2015, February |
Trends in ITS
Example of Beijing (1)
Source: www.graphmasters.net
24 Trends in ITS | Dr.-Ing. Philip Krueger | Institute for Transport Studies, Leeds | 2015, February |
Trends in ITS
Example of Beijing (2)
Source: www.graphmasters.net
25 Trends in ITS | Dr.-Ing. Philip Krueger | Institute for Transport Studies, Leeds | 2015, February |
Lack of strategic guidelines for the implementation of ITS
Missing awareness for the benefits of a common ITS architecture
Missing willingness for the application of strategic guidelines
Lack of Interoperability
Huge number of „islands of technology“. Also throughout Europe (Kallas
2011, Eurotransport 2013)
Many countries have established National ITS architectures since a long
time: e. g. US-NITSA: 1996, European ITS Framework Architecture: 2000
The efficent planning an operating of transport infrastructure is crucial in
times of globalisation and intensified competition between countries and
regions
Role of ITS Architecture
Background in Germany
For planning and operating integrated ITS particularly
National ITS architectures provide essential benefits
26 Trends in ITS | Dr.-Ing. Philip Krueger | Institute for Transport Studies, Leeds | 2015, February |
Planning of Systems:
Uniform planning procedure
Promotion of interoperability
Specific quality
Reduced complexity
Indication of improvement
potentials
Identification of standardisation
areas
Enhancement of ITS services
Improvement of communication
between stakeholders
Role of ITS Architecture
Benefits of National ITS Architectures...
According to Busch et al. 2007a, Halbritter et al. 2008, FRAME 2000, PIARC 2004, U.S. Dot 2007, SINTEF
2009, Törönen 2003, Vägverket 2004. Includung own additions
Economic Benefits:
Money - and time savings
Development of a transparent
market for software and hardware
Reduction of development costs
Reduction of Implementation costs
Reduction of costs for operation
and maintenance
Reduction of prices for ITS
Transparent basis for the
promotion of PPP
...for Different Stakeholders
27 Trends in ITS | Dr.-Ing. Philip Krueger | Institute for Transport Studies, Leeds | 2015, February |
Integrated traffic management concepts are required (not single
measures). Also: new drive concepts like e-mobility
Intermodal ITS need to be promoted as well as door2door services
corresponding to user requirements
Heterogenous data need to be merged in real time. In parallel different
actors need to cooperate
Fusion of different data sources is key issue for coping with complex
traffic situations
Crucial issues have to be considered carefully, e. g. privacy, financing
ITS architecture needs to be promoted
Support and cooperation of all stakeholders is crucial
Challenges and Conclusion