trawling the plank...plankton is made up of animals and plants that either float passively in the...
TRANSCRIPT
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Terebellid worm larva
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TRAWLING THE PLANK
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What are we doing?
1. Brief on what plankton is and what role it
plays in the environment,
2. Investigate different types of plankton,
3. Organisation of activity (what's
happening)
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Outcomes
Life and Living
L & L 3.2 Students present information which illustrates stages in different types of life cycles of familiar living things.
L & L 3.3 Students describe some interactions (including feeding relationships) between living things and between living and non-living parts of the environment.
E & C 3.3 Students identity different ways of obtaining energy
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Life and Living
Core content – ecosystems, role of
organisms – producer, consumer,
decomposer
Flow of energy, photosynthesis,
Natural relationships – food chains / web
Competition for resources
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Consider these questions
What are plankton and where do they come
from?
What types of plankton are there?
Why are plankton important?
How many types of plankton are there?
What do they look like?
What do they eat?
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So what is plankton?
Plankton are organisms that drift in the ocean. Plankton is made up of animals and plants that either float passively in the water, or possess such limited powers of swimming that they are carried from place to place by the currents. The word plankton comes from the Greek word planktos, which means ‘wandering’ or ‘drifting’. Plankton dominates the well-lit surface layers of the world's oceans
There are two basic kinds of plankton, some are like plants and some are like animals.
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So how
big are
plankton? Plankton
range in size
from tiny
microbes,
which are
invisible to the
naked eye, to
jellyfish metres
long.
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Types of Plankton
Zooplankton Phytoplankton
Plankton
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Phytoplankton
Phytoplankton are tiny, photosynthetic organisms. This means they can manufacture their own food using energy from sunlight, producing oxygen as a by-product. They are often referred to as tiny plants because of this ability to photosynthesise.
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Vorticellid ciliate
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Diatoms
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Zooplankton
Zooplankton are floating or weakly swimming animals that rely on water currents to move any great distance. They are usually larger than phytoplankton.
There are two major types of zooplankton: those that spend their entire lives as part of the plankton (called Holoplankton) and those that only spend a larval or reproductive stage as part of the plankton (called Meroplankton).
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Mantis shrimp larva. This is the second larval stage of a Mantis shrimp. It is a crustacean. It looks completely different from the burrowing adult it will become.
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Scale worm larva
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Holoplankton
Holoplankton spend their entire lives as part of the plankton. Permanent stage in life cycle.
This group includes krill, copepods, various pelagic (free swimming) sea snails and slugs, jellyfish and a small number of the marine worms.
The heteropod is a seafaring snail
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Meroplankton Meroplankton spend only the larval or early stages of
their life as part of the plankton and spend their adult lives on the reef.
Many of the common, well-known animals found on the Great Barrier Reef spend time as free-swimming meroplankton, bearing little or no resemblance to the adult they will become. The differences between the appearance of larval and adult stages led to much confusion in the past when larval forms were often believed to be completely different species from the adults.
Meroplankton includes sea urchins, starfish, sea squirts, most of the sea snails and slugs, crabs, lobsters, octopus, marine worms and most reef fishes.
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Stages of anemone life cycle
Tube Anemone larva
Tube Anemone adult
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Stages in sea cucumber life cycle
Sea Cucumber larva Sea Cucumber adult
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Stages in a cone shells life cycle
Cone Shell larva Cone Shell Adult
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Stages in an octopus’s life cycle
Octopus larva Octopus adult
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Stages in a starfish’s life cycle
Starfish larva Starfish Adult
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Crustaceans display some of the most spectacular metamorphoses from free-swimming meroplankton to reef-dwelling adult.
Slipper Lobster adult
Slipper Lobster juvenile
Slipper Lobster larva
Slipper Lobster larva
Slipper Lobster larva
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The Food Chain
Zooplankton are the favorite food of a great many marine animals so camouflaging themselves is a very important survival strategy. Developing effective camouflage when you live in clear, blue water is no easy matter. The best solution and the one most often used by members of the zooplankton is to be as transparent as possible.
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Marine Food Chain
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Phytoplankton are involved in
oxygen production
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Where do most plankton live in
the world and why.
East Australian Sea Current
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Trawl Net and sample collection
1 micron
Collection vase
Sample jar
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Rotation on board IMPACT
Three Groups
1. Bow of Impact with Torch
2. Port deck of Impact with Torch
3. Starboard deck of Impact checking nets
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Organisation
Time is important if you want an early
night with some free time!!!
Clothing, don’t need a torch, no shoes or
thongs, possible warm jumper
Safety at night on board boats. Listen to all
instructions carefully.
Rotation, 2 or 3 way split
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Rotation – 3 Groups Time Group 1 Group 2 Group 3
7.00pm Plankton Trawl,
Meet at Turtle
Video,
Kanomi
Night Walk, prawn
lights, stars
7.30pm Dry Lab Discover
Session
Plankton Trawl Video,
Kanomi
8.00pm Video Dry Lab Discover
Session
Plankton Trawl
8.30pm Night Walk Night Walk Dry Lab Discover
Session
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Rotation – 2 Groups Time Group 1 Group 2
7.00pm Plankton Trawl, Meet at
Turtle
Video,
Kanomi
7.45pm Dry Lab Discover Session Plankton Trawl
8.30pm Video Dry Lab Discover Session
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References
Australian Museum
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Internet Sites