transparency, accountability, governance and the ...€¦xx countries in latin america ... guatemala...
TRANSCRIPT
Transparency, Accountability, Governanceand the Extractive Industries
Carlos MongeLatin America Regional OfficeRevenue Watch Institute
March 2014
The Basic Concepts
Transparency
Citizens access to public
information
Transparency and access to
information laws
Xx countries in Latin America
Other mechanisms
For example the Peruvian SIAF
and XXX
Peru´s SIAF
The Basic Concepts
Accountability
Governments explain their
actions to citizens
Indirect mechanisms
Executive reports to the Congress
Direct mechanisms
Executive reports to the Citizens
Peru´s regional and local audiences
The Basic Concepts
Governance
Who are the stakeholders
Minister of Energy and Mines
Minister of the Economy
Minister of the Environment
Minister of Fisheries
Minister of Culture
Regional government
Local government
Social organizations & interest groups
Citizens at large
How they participate in
decision making
Sector / Territorial Governance
Checks and Balances within the Extractive Sector
Ministry Making policy
National oil CompanyEngaging in production /
processing, commercialization
Regulatory Agency Overseeing the process
Congress Legislating and overseeing
Checkd and Balances within the Territory
Same as above
Sub national government
Local populations
Governance
•General Situation and Challenges•Ministers of Economy and of Hydrocarbons and Mining dominating over Ministers of Environment and Indigenous Populations
• The Peru mining concessions example•Current•Concessions are given by request as the first step of the process
•Proposed•Concessions are given by request as 4th step of the process, after• Zonning and territorial planning•Consultation with local populations•Negotiating with the interested party
Governance in the
extractive sector in Latin
America
Transparency and AccountabilityLA in the Resource Governance Index
Transparency and AccountabilityLA in the Resource Governance Index
Transparency and AccountabilityLA in the Open Government Partnership
Transparency and AccountabilityLA in the Open Government Partnership
EITI Global Membership Today
EITI in Latin America Today
Slow start
Between 2004 and 2012 Peru was the only member
Catching up
Peru is compliant
Guatemala, Honduras and T&T are candidates
Guatemala up for
validation
T&T asking for
extension for
validation
Colombia preparing candidacy
Suriname interested in candidacy
Mexico discussing the matter
EITI New Rules
Transparency and AccountabilityThe Peru EITI
History and Current StatusLaunched 2004
Formalized 2005
First Report 2009
Second Report 2011
Third Report 2014
Lessons Learned
Not easy to add value to an already transparent situation
Importance of the process
Limitations•Government with no political will to go beyond minimum•Some companies resist public dissemination of fully disaggregated information•Civil society involved is too weak to press in the public opinion
Transparency and AccountabilityThe Peru EITI ‐ Challenges
Implement new rules and recommendations• Full disaggregation• Contracts and concessions
• Social expenditures
Implement sub national EITI
processes focused on rent
distribution and management
Broaden the agenda• Environmental issues• Procedures• Decisions• Data