transmission system
DESCRIPTION
Transmission systemTRANSCRIPT
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Mechanical Design of Transmission Lines
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General Considerations
Electrical Considerations for T.L. Design:• Low voltage drop • Minimum power loss for high efficiency of
power transmission.• The line should have sufficient current
carrying capacity so that the power can be transmitted without excessive voltage drop or overheating.
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• Conductivity of Conductor:R = ρ.L/A , orR = L/Ϭ. A
Where:L: Conductor length.A: Conductor cross sectional area.ρ: resistivityϬ: Conductivity (Ϭ= 1/ρ)
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• The conductor conductivity must be very highto reduce Conductor resistance R and hence
reduce losses
PL= 3 I2 .R
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Mechanical Considerations for T.L. Design:
• The conductors and line supports should have sufficient mechanical strength:
- to withstand conductor weight, Conductor Tension and weather conditions (wind, ice).
- The Spans between the towers can be long.- Sag will be small.- Reducing the number and height of towers
and the number of insulators.
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• Heat expansion coefficient must be very small.
Rt = R0. (1 + α0 .t)
αt = α0/(1+ α0.t)
α t is the heat expansion coefficient at t.
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TYPES OF CONDUCTORS MATERIALS
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1- All Aluminum Conductors (AAC)lowest cost – low mechanical strength
Used for small span
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2- Aluminum Conductor Steel Reinforced (ACSR)
1- Steel strands2- Aluminum strands ACSR (26/7)
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Advantages of ACSR
• High mechanical strength can be utilized by using spans of larger lengths.
• A reduction in the number of supports also include reduction in insulators and the risk of lines outage due to flash over or faults is reduced.
• losses are reduced due to larger diameter of conductor.
• High current carrying capacity.
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3- All Aluminum Alloy Conductor (AAAC)
األلمونيوم من سبيكة عن عبارة وهىحراريا المعالجة والسيليكون والماغنسيوم
- – ) الوزن ) مع متانة نسبة أكبر عالية متانة لهمما االبراج بين الم*سافة زيادة يمكن وبالتالى*
التكلفة من يقللفى - الفقد من يقلل وبالتالى أقل مقاومة له
القدرةالسابق - النوع فى كما الجلفنة تآكل معرض غير
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4-Aluminum Conductor Alloy Reinforced (ACAR)
الصلب أسالك من المكون القلب استبدل وفيهااللمونيوم من سبيكة من أسالك من بقلب
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Types of Supports• Wooden Poles
• Reinforced Concrete Poles
• Steel Poles
• Lattice Structure Steel Towers
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Wooden Poles
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Reinforced Concrete Poles
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Steel Poles
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Lattice Structure Steel Towers
العالى الجهد فى استخداما :األكثر / الوزن متانة نسبة األعلى
عمرا األطولوالتجميع التركيب سهولة
عالية ميكانيكية قوى تتحمل
:يعيبهاآلخر - وقت من دهانها وجوب
خرسانية - اساسات تحتاجعالية – نقلها تكاليف
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Types of Towers1- Suspension Tower
2- Tension Tower
3- Angle Tower
4- End Tower
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1- Suspension Tower
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2- Tension Tower
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3- Angle Tower
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4- End Tower
This type of towers exists in the beginning and at the end of the line which exposed to tension in one side.
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SAG AND TENSION CALCULATIONS
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Sag of Transmission Lines
Sag of T.L depends on:
- Conductor weight.- Span length, - Tension in the conductor, T- Weather conditions (wind , ice).- Temperature.
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Minimum Clearance between the ground and the conductor
kV C (m)0.4 5.511 5.533 6.066 6.2
132 6.2220 7.0400 8.4
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Conductor Spacing
Spacing = (S )0.5 + V/150Where:S: Sag in meters.V: Line voltage in kV.
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