The Community of Practice on Transit-Oriented Development (TOD CoP) positions itself as a knowledge silo breaker, aiming at developing a critical mass of expertise and res

Highlights

TOD Thematic Learning Session in Urban Week 2016, Singapore.

As part of the Global Platform for Sustainable Cities (GPSC)/ Urban Week events during March 7-10 2016, a half-day thematic leaning session on TOD has provided a unique opportunity for knowledge exchange and partnership development with relevant UN agencies, IFIs, over 20 client cities, Singapore government and academia, and members of the TOD CoP. Attended by over 90 experts and practitioners, it convened a mix of presentations and discussions to raise awareness among policy-makers and practitioners that TOD is a powerful instrument to materialize compact, connected and coordinated urban development. It fostered exchange of knowledge and best practices to inform TOD design and implementation across different contexts. Speakers shared experience from East Asia, Africa, Latin America and Singapore and conducted a comprehensive review of global TOD resources.

Group discussions on challenges and possible solutions to implementing TOD were able to reach a consensus that successful TOD requires a cross-scale integrated approach, planned systematically at metropolitan region, city, corridor and station levels. Other major takeaways include: 1) to ensure long-term sustainability, the TOD plans need to be adjusted periodically in line with urban development and be able to leverage additional financing through public private partnerships; 2) strong governance, institutional mechanisms and transparent rules are key for success; 3) land use regulations and design guidelines should encourage the building of walkable and bike-able environment around stations; and 4) social inclusion and disaster-resilience are important parts of the TOD concept, in addition to integration of land use and transit. The learning session was complemented by a field trip to Marina Bay in Singapore for participants to gain first-hand understanding of how TOD principles are applied through planning and land sales. Access the CoP website for all presentations and a video of presentation by Director of Local Planning from Land Transport Authority of Singapore.

TRANSIT-

ORIENTED

DEVELOPMENT

(TOD)

The Community of Practice on

Transit-Oriented Development (TOD

CoP) positions itself as a knowledge

silo breaker, aiming at developing a

critical mass of expertise and

resources across sectors and regions

to support the implementation of

TOD principles in cities. To achieve

that, the CoP will leverage ongoing

Bank activities related to TOD,

provide just in time support to

operationalize TOD principles,

expand the knowledge base, foster

knowledge exchange in prioritized

areas, and facilitate sharing of

international good practices in

partnership with external

practitioners and clients.

TOD CoP Website on C4D TOD Library in Box

COMMUNITY OF PRACTICE

Technical Deep-Dive Program on TOD including the 3rd TOD

Seminar on Japan’s TOD History and Application of Japanese TOD

Model in Developing Countries, May 16-20 2016, Tokyo. The Deep Dive is the second pilot program within GSURR knowledge series bringing together practitioners around the world to learn from Japan’s knowledge and experience on specific technical subjects. The Deep Dive on TOD is a culmination of collaboration between the Japanese Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism (MLIT), WBG Tokyo Development Learning Center (TLDC) and the TOD CoP. The just completed Deep Dive attracted representatives from countries that are preparing or implementing major TOD projects, in particular practitioners from cities/entities of Nanchang, Ho Chi Minh City, Danang, Lima, Mexico, Rio de Janeiro, Recife, Bogota, Dar es Salaam, Cape Town, Mumbai and India Railways (with its large program of rail station redevelopment). They were accompanied by Bank task team leaders or core task team members of relevant projects.

2nd Issue, June 2016

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List of Priorities (red is the highest priority)

The program included two workshops and a 5-day study tour to Tokyo and Osaka metropolitan areas. It offered all participants an opportunity to learn first-hand about Japan’s TOD and Land Value Capture (LVC) approach and practices, including relevant visions, strategies, policies, regulations and instruments. Japan’s TOD history and the application of the Japanese TOD model in developing countries and related challenges were also presented during the 3rd TOD Seminar as part of the Deep Dive. The Seminar introduced the 3V Framework, a planning instrument to maximize economic value of TOD station areas by matching three values (place, node and market), and its pilot application to the metro project in Zhengzhou, China. Lastly it presented the experience of Rio de Janeiro. The TOD TDD received high evaluation from participants with active engagement, overall quality, learning needs, relevance to work and work relevance rated as 4 or 5 for over 90% of participants. Due to high demand from the Bank CoP members and their client cities, the Deep Dive was over-subscribed by a factor of two. Our CoP, in partnership with TDLC will seek to organize a second Deep Dive next fiscal year, and cities and task teams are encouraged to express their interest to Gerald, Cuong and Daniel. The pre-reading materials, presentations and resulting action plans have been posted on our CoP website (Part 1 and 2). Please find attached on the side a list of priority areas of support sought by the participating cities.

Workshop on Railways Station Development was jointly organized by the World Bank and the Indian Railways Station Redevelopment Corporation (IRSDC) on March 16, 2016 in Delhi, and Mumbai Rail Vikas Corporation (MRVC) on March 17, 2016 in Mumbai. The event focused on sharing more in-depth understanding from international experience on this new business line of Indian Railways. It was attended by the Honorable Minister of Railways along with high officials from the Ministry of Railways, including its Zonal Railways (Western, Central, Northern, and West Central), ISRDC, Rail Land Development Authority (RLDA), MRVC, Government of Maharashtra, Mumbai Metropolitan Region Development Authority (MMRDA), Bombay Municipal Corporation (BMC), and the City and Industrial Development Corporation of Maharashtra Limited (CIDCO). Presentations are available in Box and find some key takeaways on the right:

5 Key Takeaways for Indian Railways

a) Establish a corporate vision to mainstream station redevelopment business. That vision can show corporate priorities and commitment both internally and externally. Amtrak embarked on station redevelopment with ‘Terminal Development Initiative (TDI)’ to identify and analyze innovative concepts. JR East started ‘Station Renaissance’ that showed the corporate vision and strategy to guide policies and individual projects.

b) Develop capacity to manage the types of business inherent to station redevelopment. In order to develop skills and talents within the company, JR East created a separate career path for non-railway business, and seconded employees to real estate developers, department stores and hotels.

c) Conduct an in-depth analysis to identify stations with higher potentials, prioritize them, and select appropriate business models. Amtrak has already spent tens of million dollars for the studies and designs since 2010. The 3V Framework developed by the COP can be useful to provide a scientific evaluation that allows to compare different stations.

d) Analyze pros and cons of the PPP arrangement. Southern Cross used a PPP arrangement with most of the risks transferred to the concessionaire, but has experienced major delay in construction, design flaws, and unsuccessful commercial development. While JR East undertakes many projects by themselves, they also partner with government agencies and real estate developers depending on the project type and potential impact.

e) Use station redevelopment to strengthen transport capacity. In Union Station redevelopment, Amtrak aims to address existing capacity constraints and create better connectivity with other modes, as well as to preserve future right of way for high speed rail expansion. JR East’s Shinagawa railyard is being restructured and shifted outside to create a space for new station in an area with high urban development potential. Shinjuku Station’s south gate was redeveloped to have a multi-level transit hub.

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TOD 2016 LA

Cities in Focus

Our Cities in Focus series intends to provide a one-stop page for information on TOD in specific cities. Building on the Urban Week momentum, Singapore is the first in this series. Please find a consolidation of key reference documents and presentations on Singapore. If you know any cities doing TOD with its own merits, please let Sarah Lin, CoP Knowledge Partner Coordinator know.

TOD Conference, May 3-5 2016, Los Angeles. Leading developers, designers, planners, elected officials, building users, and investors came together to network and share knowledge and best practices of TOD. The CoP made a presentation titled Accelerating Change in TOD: An International Perspective on behalf of the WBG. Four key takeaways: 1) A growing focus on Transit Oriented Communities instead of only design; 2) An emphasis on programming events in TOD areas to generate vibrancy; 3) The need to carefully integrate limitations to parking development and strict management as part of TOD strategies; and 4) when the opportunity to leverage on TOD is missed (like in Los Angeles where the structuring network of 20 streetcar lines was gradually turned into roads in the 1940-1960s), the lock in effect of car-centric development and sprawl is long and costly to fix. Representative from Riyad leading the TOD efforts in the city emphasized the need to deepen access to financing for TOD type real estate development, and to facilitate the emergence of an asset class within the real estate investment asset class that would leverage the long term higher returns displayed in TOD sites (presentation by Todd Litman and Dr. John Renne).

What do we do as a Group? The following table summarizes some of our key ongoing activities on TOD across regions. The color-coding facilitating the matching of cities based on the type of activities they are engaged in. See what is happening, and cooperate with other cities at a more advanced stage. Let us know if it helps and if we are missing any, as this will serve as a live tool for our CoP.

Where do I start? With over 100 documents in our C4D platform, content can be overwhelming. We started organizing it accordingly along three different scales (City, Corridor and Station Scales). Each scale presents the following : i) methodologies and tools; ii) key resources; iii) case studies; iv) actual TOD examples; v) reports; vi) workshop and presentations; vii) capacity building modules; and viii) projects. Those outlines will be available in late July.

Ongoing Engagement

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Mexico offers great potential of TOD engagement. A series of outputs are available to guide policy change towards TOD including guidelines, instruments and an assessment of potential in four major cities including Mexico City. In addition to the TOD City Paper, Mexico City now has concept proposals for at least five TOD sites including intermodal transfer stations and the flagship project of Metro Line II with high-level political support and potential PPP. Bank is currently assessing the financing for the public investment part of that project (Reach Felipe Targa for details).

Rio de Janeiro is advancing with its TOD pilot project in Queimados. The state is evaluating the proposals for the development of the study and will finalize the hiring by end of July 2016 (P111996, task managed by Daniel Pulido).

Lima is seeking funds to PPIAF under the Structuring of TOD PPP project and the task team has been assisting the application. Estimated completion is March, 2017. Also, the phase one diagnostic output of “Assessment of Urban Transformation Potential through Enhancement of Integration and Local Accessibility Standards for Lima Metro Line II” is under review and to be finalized soon. The objective is to launch a procurement process for the study by end of July 2016 (P153851, task managed by Daniel Pulido).

Addis Ababa has decided to use IDA credit (going to Board in June) to fund a study of institutional setup for delivery of a city-wide TOD program, and develop designs for four TOD area. In absence of adequate capacity to manage large TOD development, the client will hire an international TOD specialist to help oversight the project, TOR being developed. The task team would welcome recommendation of any suitable candidate (P147910, task managed by Roger Gorham).

Dar es Salaam is developing a Corridor Development Strategy (CDS) and TOD Guidelines under the Dar es Salam Metropolitan Development Project to maximize benefits of Bank investment in a 21km phase one BRT infrastructure. The CDS intends to better integrate transport and land use by formulating a plan to enhance land use development capitalizing on the BRT and outlining urban design guidelines and traffic management methods to improve circulation/connectivity between BRT and secondary transport modes. The TOD Guidelines will provide a framework to promote transit-supportive development, streetscape design elements to improve transit users’ experience, and financial tools for fair value capturing of the active public space and transit investments. The project will produce pre-investment studies for two pilot TOD projects applying CDS and TOD Guidelines (P123134, task managed by Eric Dickson and Chyi-Yun Huang).

Danang Railway Connectivity Improvement and Urban Redevelopment Study is a critical initiative for the City in connection with the proposed new national rail line passing its western fringe. Study means to provide the new station with a high level of multi-modal access to adjacent development, and the rest of the City through TOD and POD design and urban transport improvements, among other objectives. To date, the analysis of TOD and POD potentials under the study was completed, and transit and development concepts for the study areas will be finalized by July 2016 (P123384, task managed by Cuong Duc Dang).

China, like other developing countries experiencing rapid urbanization, is keen to use TOD as a measure to curb sprawl and remediate congestion. The Chinese Ministry of Housing and Urban Rural Construction has lately issued a national guideline for urban planning and design in the proximity of metro stations following key TOD principles. The Bank has been actively involved in China’s effort to build livable cities through TOD, i.e. by financing metro constructions with TOD pilots in urban centers of Nanchang and Tianjin. Meanwhile, under the GEF funded Sustainable Cities Integrated Approach Pilot Program, the Bank is working with 7 cities across China to develop tailored TOD strategies at city, corridor and station levels, and is developing a TOD toolkit to facilitate design, construction, financing and evaluation of pilot projects. With the right policies and investments, TOD has the potential to help Chinese cities create better living environment for the residents, and to promote low-carbon mobility decoupled from motorization. (Can TOD change Travel Behavior in Cities? blogged by Wanli Fang)

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Upcoming Learning Events

The TOD CoP has contracted WRI to develop core materials for a comprehensive e-learning course for the planning and implementation of TOD at corridor scale, with World Bank staff and TOD practitioners as target audiences. It will draw from practices of developed and developing cities. This materials is expected to equip practitioners to explain the rationale of TOD at a corridor scale, apply and explain key principles, analyze the starting point and local context for such corridor, identify the necessary building blocks to implement such TOD corridor approach, outline the sequence of steps for implementation and the corresponding building blocks, and monitor and evaluate the results. The output is expected by July 31, 2016.

Future e-learning courses to be developed based on this material will be cross-referenced with the existing Sustainable Urban Land Use Planning e-course and Integrated Urban Transport Planning e-course and is expected to be ready by March 2017. (Contact Gerald Ollivier for more details). Please let us know when key outputs for your projects are ready so as to share those with the community.

August 25, 2016 (via VC) TOD Deep Dive Key Lessons and COP-1st Six Months

September, Tokyo (via VC) 4th TDLC Event on Japan’s TOD Experience

September, DC (face-to-face) BBL on Available Tools at Station, Corridor City Level

October (via VC) Presentation on Danang TOD/ POD Study

November, Rio de Janeiro Rio TOD Workshop

May 15-19, 2017 Tokyo (face-to-face) TDLC 2nd Deep-Dive Training

For questions or suggestions to the TOD

CoP, please reach

Gerald Ollivier

CoP Leader, GTIDR Singapore

Cuong Duc Dang

CoP Co-Leader, GSURR Vietnam

The TOD CoP administrative cast

includes

Hiroaki Suzuki

Lead Advisor

Daniel Levine

Knowledge Partner Coordinator, Tokyo

Felipe Targa

KSB DC Connector, Washington DC

Sarah Xinyuan Lin

Knowledge Partner Coordinator,

Singapore

Asako Sato

KSB Online Facilitator, Tokyo

Zijing Niu

Newsletter Coordinator, Singapore