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Pepin the Short Charles Martel

Many rulers had the same name, so an adjective such as “bald,” or “short” could help people identify them; sometimes numbers were used.

DAILY FOCUS SKILLS TRANSPARENCY 1

TRANSFORMING THE ROMAN WORLD

476

• Fall of the Roman Empire

• Visigoths, Ostrogoths, Franks, Anglo- Saxons, etc…

FRANKISH KINGDOM• Established by Clovis Around the year 500. Clovis later

converted to Christianity.

CHARLES MARTEL- BATTLE OF TOURS 732

CHARLEMAGNE

• ( Charles the Great)ruled from 768-814

• The Carolingian Empire covered most of western and central Europe

• 800-Charlemagne was crowned “Roman Emperor” by the pope

2

TREATY OF VERDUN

843- The Treaty of Verdun divided the empire into three kingdoms

THE CHURCH• Parish- local communities led by a priest

• Diocese or Bishopric- a group of parishes led by a bishop

• The bishop of Rome became the leader of the church (pope)

POPE GREGORY I• Pope Gregory I (590-604) established the Papal States and

strengthened the Papacy.

MONASTICISM• The practice of living the life of a monk (man dedicated entirely to God.)

SAINT BENEDICT(6TH CENTURY)

• The Benedictine rule emphasized prayer and manual labor.

NUNSWomen known as nuns lived in convents.

INVASIONS AND ATTACKS Western Europe was invaded by Muslims, Magyars, and Vikings .

MUSLIMSMuslims attacked the Southern coasts of Europe.

THE MAGYARS (FROM ASIA)Settled in Hungary.

VIKINGS• Norsemen (Northmen) were warriors and traders, they sacked and

destroyed villages, towns, and churches. Later they converted to Christianity.

Transforming The Roman World•476 fall of the Roman Empire •Visigoths, Ostrogoths, Franks, Anglo-Saxons, etc…•Frankish Kingdom- established by Clovis around the year 500. Clovis later converted to Christianity.•Charlemagne (Charles the Great) ruled from 768-814•The Carolingian Empire covered most of western and central Europe•800-Charlemagne was crowned “Roman Emperor” by the pope•843-Treaty of Verdun divided the empire into 3 kingdomsThe Church•Parish- local communities led by a priest•Diocese or Bishopric- a group of parishes led by a bishop•The bishop of Rome became the leader of the church (pope)•Pope Gregory I (590-604) established the papal states and strengthened the papacy•Monasticism-the practice of living the life of a monk(man dedicated entirely to god)•Saint Benedict-(6th century) The Benedictine rule emphasized prayer and manual labor.•Women known as Nuns lived in convents.Invasions and attacks- Muslims attacked the southern coasts of EuropeThe Magyars (from Asia) moved into Hungary.Vikings-Norsemen (Northmen) were warriors and traders, they sacked and destroyed villages, towns, and churches. Later they converted to Christianity.

• Reform

• Church wealth & influence

• Some clergy corrupted

• Reformers

• Nuns & Monks

• Set up housing, hospitals, schools

• Missionaries Preservation of learning

Everyday LifeChristians attend village churchesPriests run village churchesAll Christians pay tithePower of the ChurchPope leadsCanon LawExcommunication/ interdict