transformational leadership

Great Lakes Institute of Management Avishek Das/email: [email protected]

The drops of rain make a hole in the stone, not by violence, but by often falling. -------------------------Lucretius

Transformational


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Agenda

Leadership Theories

Transformational Leadership Definition Transformational Leadership - A Process 4 I’s of TL Assumptions Components Competencies Personality and its effect Implementation Values and Value System Benefits and Limitations Conclusion


Leadership Theories

Transformational leadership is a more humane leadership theory, as compared to the militaristic transactional theory

It believes in inspiring employees to do great work through example and the force of a leader's personality

People rise higher through positive motivation, than negative motivation

It is a leadership theory which appeals to the higher need of an individual in the Maslov's hierarchy of needs, which is self-actualization!


Have you ever been in a group situation where someone took control of the situation by conveying a clear vision of the group’s goals, a marked passion for

the work and an ability to make the rest of the group feel recharged and energized?


Transformational Leader and leadership


Definition

Transformational Leadership is a leadership style where one or more persons engage with others in such a way that leaders and followers raise one another to higher levels of motivation and morality


Transformational Leadership - A Process -

Process that changes and transforms

Process that is concerned with the Emotions, Values, Standards, Ethics, and Long Term Goals

A transformational leader motivates followers to accomplish more than what is usually expected of the

m The sum becomes more powerful than its parts

None of us is as good as all of us!!!!


4 I's of Transformational Leadership

Idealized Influence Leader serves as an ideal role model for followers and is admired for this

Inspirational Motivation Transformational leaders have the ability to inspire and motivate followers

Individualized Consideration Transformational leaders demonstrate genuine concern for the needs and feelings of followers which brings out the best efforts from each individual

Intellectual Stimulation Transformational leaders challenges followers to be innovative and creative


Assumptions

The prime assumption is, that people will willingly follow a leader who inspires them

The vision and passion of one man can transform his followers and together they can achieve great things

Energy and enthusiasm are the tonics that get things done


Transparent LeadershipCongruence between leadership and goalIntegrity in finances and in information

Transformational Leadership

Components of Transformational Leadership


Developing Vision• Starts with creating a vision• Vision that is exciting and attract potential

followers

Selling the Vision • Constantly sell the vision and build a strong network of high potential

Road Map• Transformation leaders have a clear vision• Have a fair idea about the direction to move and want

followers to move in the same direction• Ready to accept failures

Leading the charge

• Transformation leaders remain in the fore-front during the action

• Always visible and stand up to be counted • Bolster and infect the followers with commitment and

enthusiasm

Steps for Transformational Leadership


Transformation Leadership

Competency

Continuous Personal Development • Wide Range of Leadership Styles • Personal Values, Vision, & Goals• Risk-taking & Courage • Resilient & Resolute

Managing Information & Knowledge• Inquisitive Mind & Critical Thinking To Apply Research Findings• Measures Performance• Breakthrough Technologies & Networking

Mental Health Future • Recovery-oriented • Science ↔ Service• Evidence-based Practices• Elimination of Disparities• Interagency Perspectives• Consumer & Family-Relevant Outcomes

Trans. Management • Org. & System Shifts & Learning• Congregate Vision &

Innovation • Strategic Alliances• Mgmt. of Collaborative

Relationships

Business Acumen• Financing Strategies• Organizational Dynamics• Human Resource Development• Internal/External Radar• Marketing & Branding

Process Toolkit • Negotiation Skills• Dispute & Conflict Resolution• Group Facilitation• Concept Mapping, Future Casting, Lateral Thinking

Competencies of a Transformational Leader


Personality CharacteristicsDominantDesire to influenceConfidentStrong Values

BehaviorsSets strong role modelShows competenceArticulates goals and sets high expectationsInvests confidence and motivates

Personality and its effects


Implementation and Effects of Transformational Leadership


Application of Transformational Leadership

Provides ideas as to what a leader should be in a transforming environment

Vision statements create discussion

Can be used in recruitment, selection and promotion, and training and development


Effect of Transformation Leadership on Organizational Structure

Transformational leadership and organizational culture hold the key to understanding organizational effectiveness

Decisions taken by a manager are very important as they affect a large number of people

Thus the leadership skills of the manager have to be very pronounced

An organic, non-formalized organization with a larger span of control are conducive for transformational leadership to appear


Effect of Transformation Leadership on Organizational Structure

Groups under Transformational Leadership


Self Sacrifice and Transformational Leadership

Display of self sacrifice behaviors by leaders enhances transformational leadership

Transformational leaders have the ability to transform self-interests of followers into collective interests

They do so by enhancing salience of collective identity in the self-concept of followers

Followers of transformational leaders work towards advancing overall mission of the group rather than their own personal interests



Martin Luther King, Mahatma Gandhi, Mother Teresa demonstrated a form of transformational leadership that was based on values

Without morally uplifting the followers, leadership cannot be transforming

They motivate followers to go beyond their self-interests for the good of the group, organization, or society

Such actions mutually benefit both the organization/ society and the employees



SelfSacrifice

Great Lakes Institute of Management Section 3, Group 1


Transformational Leadership in B-Schools

• To transform the value system of its students • To enhance perception of oneness with others

Objective of Management Education

• Self-oriented values like a comfortable life and pleasure becoming more important

• Others-oriented values like being helpful and polite becoming less important

Value system of MBA students

• The corporate world interested in managers whose relative ordering of values is just the reverse

• An MBA program that reduces the relative importance given to values like being helpful and polite might find it difficult to market its graduates to business organizations

Cause for concern

The findings of this study provide some preliminary evidence on the changes in value systems that are caused by management education. Self-oriented values become more important and others-oriented values become less important


Transformational Leadership in Marketing

Transformational leader offers a solution to the marketers whose product finds a lot of resistance by a brand community who is loyal to another product

A transformational leader can ensure that the next generation of top management personifies the new approach by communicating how the changes have led to better performance (Kotter 1995)

The leader appeals to the followers’ need for achievement and growth by projecting the change in a manner that the followers find attractive


To perform Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) activities, one needs to have leadership with an objective to transform society

Due to company’s contribution to society, the company’s social image changes

The customer starts expecting the firm to act in a manner consistent with its image

Therefore, customer starts associating certain expected actions with traditions

This, thus, initiate or leverage brand loyalty and helps attract brand communities

Corporate Social Responsibility and Brand Communities


Values and Value System in Transformational Leadership


Rokeach (1973: 5) defined a value as “an enduring belief that a specific mode of conduct or end-state of existence is personally or socially preferable to an opposite or converse mode of conduct or end-state of existence.”

Instrumental value Moral values Self-actualization value

Terminal value Personal value Social value

Values


A set of rank-ordered values is called a value system

Looking at a person’s values separately and independently of one another cannot meaningfully explain attitudes and behaviours

Happiness is not a unique value; how much a person values happiness in comparison with the other things can help in explaining person’s attitudes and behaviours

The rank ordering of values or the hierarchical value system – The only thing that can capture the unique value configuration of an individual. (Rokeach & Ball-Rokeach, 1989)

Value System


Evolution of all beings – A realization of oneness with other beings.(Indian Weltanschauung) The beings that are more evolved progress toward oneness

consciously while the less evolved beings progress unconsciously

Getting into a state of greater selfish isolation from others would be the exact opposite of going toward the state of oneness

Evolution - Oneness with others


Benefits and Limitations of Transformational Leadership


Benefits

Widely researched intuitive appeal Focuses on the follower too Emphasis on followers’ needs, values, and morals Enthusiastic work atmosphere Innovations Higher output and efficiency Develops future leaders People will work for leader even if monetary compensation is less

Great Lakes Institute of Management Section 3, Group 1


Limitations

X Lacks conceptual clarity X Validity of MLQ is questionableX Fixed trait or malleable state X Potentially elitist or antidemocraticX Totally depends on ability of leaderX Leaders might lack the required characteristics


Conclusion

• Lead and inspire people. Don't try to manage and manipulate people. Inventories can be managed but people must be lead. --- Ross Perot


THANK YOU

transformational leadership

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