tracking coastal hypoxia: learning from the evidence for remediation (iwc6 presentation)
DESCRIPTION
Presentation delivered by Robert Diaz on Hypoxia during the Hypoxia Breaktime presentation by GEF Stap session during the 6th GEF Biennial International Waters Conference in 2011 in Dubrovnik, Croatia.TRANSCRIPT
Tracking Coastal Hypoxia:Tracking Coastal Hypoxia:Learning from the Evidence Learning from the Evidence
for Remediationfor Remediation
Tracking Coastal Hypoxia:Tracking Coastal Hypoxia:Learning from the Evidence Learning from the Evidence
for Remediationfor RemediationRobert J Díaz
http://www.vims.edu/deadzone/
Robert J Díaz
http://www.vims.edu/deadzone/
Why is Hypoxia a problem?Why is Hypoxia a problem?
Seriousness of low Dissolved Oxygen is best expressed by motto of American Lung Association:
““When You Can’t Breathe, When You Can’t Breathe, Nothing Else Matters.”Nothing Else Matters.”
Spread of HypoxiaSpread of HypoxiaIn the 1960s the number of systems with reports of
hypoxia-related problems started to increase.
Diaz & Rosenberg 2008Updated by Diaz et al. 2010
www.wri.org/project/eutrophication
Spread of HypoxiaSpread of HypoxiaBy the 1980s there was an explosive increase in the number of
hypoxic systems.
Diaz & Rosenberg 2008Updated by Diaz et al. 2010
www.wri.org/project/eutrophication
Spread of HypoxiaSpread of HypoxiaBy the 1990s and 2000s most estuarine and marine systems in
close proximity to population centers had reports of hypoxia/anoxia.
Diaz & Rosenberg 2008Updated by Diaz et al. 2010
www.wri.org/project/eutrophication
Oxygen Minimum Zones (<0.5 ml/l) Touch 1,148,000 kmOxygen Minimum Zones (<0.5 ml/l) Touch 1,148,000 km22 of Seafloor Along Continental Margins.of Seafloor Along Continental Margins.
Oxygen Minimum Zones (<0.5 ml/l) Touch 1,148,000 kmOxygen Minimum Zones (<0.5 ml/l) Touch 1,148,000 km22 of Seafloor Along Continental Margins.of Seafloor Along Continental Margins.
31% in eastern Pacific Ocean
59% in Indian Ocean
10% in southeastern Atlantic
31% in eastern Pacific Ocean
59% in Indian Ocean
10% in southeastern Atlantic
Helly & Levin 2004Helly & Levin 2004
Recovered with Nutrient ManagementRecovered with Nutrient Management
58 systems have responded positively.