tracing the economic, social, political events from the 1846 to the outbreak of the u.s. civil war
TRANSCRIPT
Tracing the economic, social, political events from the 1846 to the outbreak of the U.S. Civil War
Northern Mind Southern Mind
For each of the following terms described in the lesson write the name of the law, incident or event in the column you believe would make the Northern or Southern mind most angry. Include 1-2 sentences explaining why that person would be angry beneath each term.
Wilmot ProvisoReason-Southerners believed slave abolition movement would expand
Northern Congressman David Wilmot did not want the potential territories acquired from the Mexican War to become slave states.
Wilmot attempted to add to a bill [hopeful law] to ban slavery in any new territory.
Wilmot’s Proviso riled up Southern states and caused sectionalist arguments throughout the United States.
Wilmot’s Proviso was passed in the U.S. House of Representatives and later declared unconstitutional by the Dred Scott case.
Popular=people or citizens Sovereignty=self rule/self control Popular Sovereignty=Citizens rule themselves
democratically
Disagreements over the slavery issues were created by Wilmot’s Proviso.
The decision was made to allow citizens of each Western territory to vote on and decide the slave or non-slave status of the territory
An abolitionist leaning political party with its origins in New York Although most so-called Free Soilers were against slavery most wanted the new
territories to be free of blacks to provide exclusive farm opportunities for white farmers.
The slogan of the Free Soil Party was “Free soil, free speech, free labor and free men.”
The party was too controversial and was never able to win the presidency.
As a way of trying to heal divisions over slavery in the Western Territories between supporters and opponents two old war hawks Henry Clay and John Calhoun essentially led the way to a compromise.
[A] California was admitted as a free state in 1850[B] Utah and New Mexico would decide by popular sovereignty[C] Strict Fugitive Slave Law was passed
The federal Fugitive Slave Act included as part of the Compromise of 1850 was very harsh
Northerners were required to participate as witnesses or to help in seizures
Any “colored” person free or escaped had only to be “pointed out” to be arrested.
After capture a federal commissioner decided if the person would be sent South
Fees of $10 were paid for each judgment against colored [incentive to deport]
The tension and pressure created by the law was incredible. Secret Freeman societies were formed to protect and hide colored people from seizures
A former slave born in Maryland who gained her freedom by escaping as a 29 year old woman 1849 she became a conductor on the Underground Railroad.
She secretly traveled South more than a dozen times to lead escaped slaves to freedom
The “railroad” was actually a series of clandestine [secret] routes that led to Northern states and Canada
Most of the supporters were white abolitionists who risked jail and heavy fines for harboring runaway slaves
Harriet Stowe was raised by one of the most well known New England ministerial families [most of the men were preachers] who were also abolitionists.
Stowe after hearing about the horrors connected to the Fugitive Slave Act authored one of the most tragic American novels ever written [sold over 300,000 copies in 1852] Uncle Tom’s Cabin.
Her story about the murder of a slave at the hands of master was one of the leading events toward ending slavery
Southerners were outraged at how they were portrayed and Northerners were outraged at the horrors of the slave system
Write a narrative [first person account] choosing one of the following topics:
[A] Supporter/Opponent of Wilmot Proviso[B] Supporter/Opponent of Compromise of 1850[C] Supporter/Opponent of Free Soil Party[D] Supporter/Opponent of Fugitive Slave Act[E] Escaped slave/free colored person “up North” during time of Fugitive
Slave Act[F] Conductor/supporter on Underground Railroad[G] Southerner/Northerner who hears about or read Uncle Tom’s Cabin
You must explain in detail why you or support or oppose choices A-D, use descriptive examples to explain your actions and opinions. You must fill one side of a page [you may write longer if you need to]. You may add drawings/images on a separate sheet of paper for added explanation.
Create a poster/advertisement providing information to worry, scare, help or warn people about the benefits or dangers of one of the following:
Wilmot Proviso Fugitive Slave Act Popular Sovereignty Underground Railroad Uncle Tom’s Cabin
The poster must look old [as if it was from 1850s]
If you remember from Goal 1 in order to create a better route for railroads to the Southern city New Orleans…
Territory in Arizona and New Mexico was bought from Mexico
The territory was given free status
An example of popular sovereignty in the Western territories was the Kansas-Nebraska Act.
This law gave settlers the power to decide if they wanted to allow slavery or prohibit slavery
Kansas-Nebraska Act=Popular sovereignty
During the 1850s many riots, fights and skirmishes took place in Kansas territory.
Because the area wasn’t not regulated by the U.S. government lawlessness was able to take place [armed robberies, murders, etc.]
Anti-slavery “free staters” fought with slave supporters Even in Congress lawmakers fought over whether to allow
slavery including the Brooks-Sumner Incident
A political party that participated in violence against immigrants was the Know-Nothing Party
The group was considered to be nativist because they wanted to preserve American language and culture from foreign influence
Slave Dred Scott sued for his freedom from his master
He believed he should be freed because he and his wife had been held illegally as slaves in Missouri and Illinois where slavery was outlawed
The U.S. Supreme Court did not agree with Scott because he was considered property not a citizen
Abolitionists were furious with the Court’s decision and tension between the North and South increased
He was later freed by his owner anyway
Abraham and others formed a new Republican Party based on anti-slavery and abolition.
Abraham Lincoln was elected president of the United States in 1860 and a major platform [set of ideas] was abolition
In fact the Emancipation Proclamation was issue to free all slaves in 1862.
Political debates between two candidates for U.S. Senate: Abraham Lincoln and Stephen Douglas in 1858
The main issue discussed was the abolition of slavery and the prohibition of slavery in the Western territories such as Kansas and Nebraska
Neither candidate favored slavery but Lincoln believed immediate abolition would tear the nation apart
Douglas supported his Freeport Doctrine which allowed popular sovereignty to decide the slavery issue in the Western Territories.
John Brown was abolitionist originally from Connecticut [North]
He absolutely hated slavery and fought several times to abolish it [including in Bleeding Kansas]
In 1859 he decided to attack a militia fort that had weapons with 20 other men at Harper’s Ferry, Virginia
His force was defeated by nearly 100 U.S. Marines. He was captured and put on trial for treason.
He was found guilty and hanged.
John Wilkes Booth witnessed the execution and was so angry he vowed revenge.
Create a newspaper page including 5 separate stories covering 5 separate terms from the 3.01 vocabulary list.
You must have at least 10 sentences in each story covering the most important parts of the terms and 1 image for each news story.
You may use your imagination [including your opinions] to be creative but the essence of the news stories must be based on fact.
This newspaper page must be from this time period [1850s].
http://diplomatdc.files.wordpress.com/2010/10/mexicancession.gif http://www.communitywalk.com/map/list/31411?order=0 http://americancivilwar.com/pictures/compromise_1850.html http://thomaslegion.net/fugitivhttp://www.dreadcentral.com/news/31281/cold-spots-t
he-octagon-houseeslaveactof1850.html http://www.nndb.com/people/451/000048307/ http://truckandbarter.com/2006/06/uncle-toms-cabi.html http://www.oldmesilla.org/assets/images/gadsden-purchase-map.jpg http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_J2K8DVmgWWk/R-VmcLolrAI/AAAAAAAAAE8/tw-yK1Pg8nA/
s320/kansas_nebraska_act_2.bmp http://www.civilwaracademy.com/images/bleeding-kansas.jpg http://bentcorner.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/02/abraham-lincoln-picture.jpg http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_y8ag4VGcCHo/TIidaiqVUWI/AAAAAAAAIIo/Sy8DZyDwzzU/
s1600/2004november_week2b.jpg http://www.africawithin.com/bios/dred_scott.jpg http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Lincoln_Douglas_Debates_1958_issue-4c.jpg http://www.visualeditors.com/jackson/wp-content/uploads/2009/06/news-page-13-
13-may.jpg http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:John_Brown_portrait,_1859.jpg http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:John_Brown_-_Treason_broadside,_1859.png