trace mineral importance calf hood immune support - …agebb.missouri.edu/modbu/archives/v16n2/trace...

SURE Trace Mineral Supply by Timed Injection

Trace Mineral Importance

Calf Hood Immune Support

Manganese

Selenium 5mg/ml

Copper 15mg/ml

Nutrient Requirements for the Immune System

• Energy• Rapid Proliferation of immune cells

• Protein• Cell replication cytokines, and antibodies

• Minerals (Cu, Zn, Se, Mn, Fe, S)

• Vitamins ( A, D, E, C, B complex)

Antioxidant System Energy productionProtein Synthesis

Membrane Integrity

Immune System

• Innate/ Cell mediated Immune Response

• Immediate Response

• Acquired/ Adaptive Immune Response

• Takes Time


Newborn Calf Immune System• Decreased Innate Defense mechanism

• Decreased Acquired Immune mechanism


Pre Weaning Period

Digestive Disorders 25%• 71% Treated Antibiotics

• Respiratory Disease 12-18%• 90% Treated Antibiotics

Respiratory Disease 5.9 -11%• 98% Treated Antibiotics

• Digestive Disorders 0.8 - 1.9%• 88% Treated Antibiotics

Post Weaning Period


Economic impact of scours by case

• Cost of one case of scours# Calves 200Cost/Case $50Incidence % 25%

Expense $2,500

Economic Impact: Disease pre-weaning

• Milk Production• Scours alone

• Not significantly affected• With antibiotic treatment

• 1086 lbs. less milk during the first lactation

$18 CWT: $195.48 100 heifers: $19,548

MANAGEMENT AND ENVIRONMENT FACTORS THAT AFFECT PRODUCTIVITYOF CALVES

M. E. Van AmburghDepartment of Animal ScienceCornell University, Ithaca, NY


WHAT HAPPENS WITH DISEASE ?


Decline of Maternal Antibody


Economic Impact: Disease Post Weaning

• Cost of one case of scoursPneumonia: Nationally ; 50 to 55% of deaths

$15.00 /calf/year

Approx: $47.00 / Case# Calves 200Cost/Case $ 47.00

Incidence % 11%

Expense $ 1,034.00


How…………….

• Support the immune System

• Pre-weaning

• Weaned dairy Calf

• 790 Holstein dairy calves

• Colostrum management and rearing systems similar and adequate.

• Calves were not deficient in Se, Cu, Zn and Mn at the start of the study.


Study Design790 dairy calves

Randomly allocated:

- TMS- Control

3 days of age1st injection

1 mlTotal IgG

SODGPx

Haptoglobin

30 days of age2nd injection

1 mlSODGPx

Haptoglobin

Leukocyte phagocytosis activity

Subset: 228 calves

Weekly body weights measurementsDisease diagnosis

45 days of age

weaning

14 days of age

SODGPx

Haptoglobin

8% Reduction in Scours


7.5% reduction


Phagocytosis

• 14 days:• MM90 : Increased Neutrophil activity

• ( increased number of ingested bact.) P=.025

• Increased number of neutrophilsthat performed phagocytosis.


How…………….

• Support the immune System

• Pre-weaning

• Weaned dairy Calf

Liver Concentrations of Trace Minerals

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

-7 21 56

Liver

Se

(µg/

g)

Days relative to priming vaccination + ITM (d0 )

Con

ITM

Se reference range: 0.7-2.5 µg/g

* *

P < 0.001

*

*

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

-7 21 56

Liver

Cu

(µg/

g)

Days relative to priming vaccination + ITM (d0)

Con

ITM

Cu reference range: 50-300 µg/g

P= 0.01

*

**

Significant differences between groups for each day * Significant difference compared to day -7 for each group (P < 0.01)

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

18

-7 21 56

Liver

Mn

(µg/

g)


Con

ITM

Mn reference range: 5-9 µg/g

* **

*

0

50

100

150

200

-7 21 56

Liver

Zn

(µg/

g)


Con ITM

Zn reference range: 100-300 µg/g

* * **

Significant differences between groups for each day (P < 0.05)* Significant difference compared to day -7 for each group (P < 0.01)

Liver Concentrations of Trace Minerals

BVDV-1 on day 28

80% had 4x titer response53% had 4x titer response

CONTROL MULTIMIN

P. multocida


When..• Pre- Weaning

• 1-3 days of age

• 30 days of age

• Post Weaning

• At Primary Vaccination

• At Booster

When was the last time a Buck bought anything ??


# Calves 200 200Cost/Case/Scours $50 $50Incidence % 50% 42%Expense $4,970 $4,170MM90 $200Total $4,970 $4,370

Savings $600

trace mineral importance calf hood immune support - …agebb.missouri.edu/modbu/archives/v16n2/trace...

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