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Trainee:______________________________________ Date: ___________ TOWER CLIMBING DIAGNOSTIC EXAM Time limit = 1.5 hours This exam is designed to identify any gaps that may exist in your knowledge. Missed exam questions may indicate that you require specific refresher training. Poor performance indicates that you are not yet ready to earn a qualification. Each missed exam question must be thoroughly reviewed until competency is achieved. Carefully read each question then choose the most correct answer. This exam should be completed without the assistance or advice of others. You may refer to your own notes. Competency can be demonstrated by initially scoring 100% LEGISLATION & THE LAW Q1. According to the new harmonised WHS legislation for your State / Territory, if a person performs work at height at a workplace, at what height does the use of a fall-protection system become mandatory? Note: Not all States in Australia have enacted the new harmonised laws (eg WA hasn’t). Choose the answer you believe is most correct: a) Any fall less than 2.0m b) A fall of more than 2.0m c) Any fall of 2.4m or more d) Any fall from one level to another that is reasonably likely to cause injury to the person or any other person e) A fall less than 3.0m in housing construction work or less than 2.0m in other construction work f) A fall of at least 3.0m in housing construction work or at least 2.0m in other construction work g) None of the above are correct Q2. True or False The following question is about high risk construction work. High risk construction work has a special meaning in all OHS / Work Health Regulations in Australia. When performing work at height on a tower structure (eg a telecommunications tower), that work is defined as high risk construction work. [ ] True [ ] False Tower climbing diagnostic exam VER 3.9 02/Feb/2012 Page 1 of 33

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Page 1: TOWER CLIMBING DIAGNOSTIC EXAM Time limit = 1.5 hours · 2016-05-17 · Tower climbing diagnostic exam VER 3.9 02/Feb/2012 Page 1 of 33 . ... Competition and Consumer Act (2010) and

Trainee:______________________________________ Date: ___________ TOWER CLIMBING DIAGNOSTIC EXAM Time limit = 1.5 hours This exam is designed to identify any gaps that may exist in your knowledge. Missed exam questions may indicate that you require specific refresher training. Poor performance indicates that you are not yet ready to earn a qualification. Each missed exam question must be thoroughly reviewed until competency is achieved. Carefully read each question then choose the most correct answer. This exam should be completed without the assistance or advice of others. You may refer to your own notes. Competency can be demonstrated by initially scoring 100% LEGISLATION & THE LAW Q1. According to the new harmonised WHS legislation for your State / Territory, if a person

performs work at height at a workplace, at what height does the use of a fall-protection system become mandatory?

Note: Not all States in Australia have enacted the new harmonised laws (eg WA hasn’t). Choose the answer you believe is most correct:

a) Any fall less than 2.0m b) A fall of more than 2.0m c) Any fall of 2.4m or more d) Any fall from one level to another that is reasonably likely to cause injury to the person

or any other person e) A fall less than 3.0m in housing construction work or less than 2.0m in other

construction work f) A fall of at least 3.0m in housing construction work or at least 2.0m in other construction

work g) None of the above are correct

Q2. True or False

The following question is about high risk construction work. High risk construction work has a special meaning in all OHS / Work Health Regulations in Australia.

When performing work at height on a tower structure (eg a telecommunications tower), that work is defined as high risk construction work.

[ ] True [ ] False

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Q3. Section 79 of the new WHS legislation states that a person must minimise risks of a fall at a

workplace. It is a requirement to select and use a fall protection system in certain hierarchical order. Choose the response that you believe indicates the correct order:

[ ] a [ ] b [ ] c Q4. This question is about PPE (Personal Protective Equipment). You are about to start working

at height when you notice that your PPE is made in Europe and doesn’t have any Australian Standards conformance markings. What action should you take? Choose the response you believe is most correct:

a) Do not proceed with the work – it is illegal to use imported PPE (eg harnesses and

lanyards) from Europe. You can only use PPE that carries the Australian AS1891.1 label.

b) You can proceed with the work, but you will not be covered under your work insurance (it will be void because you are not using PPE that conforms to Australian Standards).

c) You can only use PPE with European conformance markings provided a check has been made to verify that it is equivalent to Australian PPE Standards.

d) There is no law preventing the importation and use of European PPE. Australia is a signatory nation to the Marrakesh agreement and World Trade Organisation code of practice which requires member nations to remove technical barriers to trade. Standards Australia is also a member of the ISO and as such is also bound by agreement to recognise other ISO member nation’s standards. Provided the PPE conforms to that ISO member nation’s national standard (eg EN 361), it is acceptable for use in Australia.

e) Notify your supervisor immediately as you might be eligible for free re-certification of your PPE to Australian Standards under Australia’s Federal Competition and Consumer Act (2010) and free trade agreement with other nations

f) None of the above is correct.

1. First preference: Fall-arrest system 2. Second preference: Positioning system 3. Last preference: Fall prevention system

Most preferred

Least preferred

1. First preference: Positioning system 2. Second preference: Fall prevention system 3. Last preference: Fall arrest system

1. First preference: Fall prevention system 2. Second preference: Positioning system 3. Last preference: Fall arrest system

Most preferred

Least preferred

Most preferred

Least preferred

European harness: Has ‘EN 361’ and ‘CE’ on the label.

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Q5. This question is about Safe Work Method Statements. Choose the response(s) you believe is

most correct: Note: There may be more than one correct answer.

a) Safe work method statements are required if the construction project value is $250,000

or more. b) Safe work method statements only describe procedures to be followed. c) Safe work method statements describe procedures to be followed including ways to

control risks – but they are optional and have no legal force in a court of law. d) Safe work method statements identify hazards, describe measures to be implemented

to control the risks and how those control measures are to be implemented. e) Safe work method statements are hard to enforce because they’re usually written fairly

quickly on site and then filed away – therefore you can’t get into trouble from health and safety inspectors (eg Workcover NSW/VIC) for not following them.

f) The requirement to have a safe work method statement is mandatory whenever ‘high risk construction work’ is carried out.

g) None of the above are correct. Q6. True or False

If a worker has not been properly instructed in the use of certain specialised items of personal protective equipment (PPE), then that worker should not use those items at the workplace.

[ ] True [ ] False

Q7. True or False

A contractor does not have to comply with safety instructions given by the principal contractor at a workplace (eg a Powerlink site or a Telstra site). Contractors possess a special expertise in their trade (that is why they were hired in the first place) and it is entirely up to them as to how they go about performing their work as long as it gets completed on time and on budget.

[ ] True [ ] False

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Q8. The following question deals with the issue of workers selecting and using anchorage points to setup

a fall protection system at a workplace. Choose the most correct response:

a) Under no circumstances can a worker select and use an anchor point – only a qualified engineer can do this

b) Where it is clear and obvious to a competent worker that an anchor point can sustain the predicted load, an engineer is not required and work can proceed.

c) If an engineer is not present at the workplace, only advanced riggers can select and use anchor points

d) Nobody can select and use anchor points unless they have been individually tested and tagged

e) The only anchor points that you are allowed to use must have been retro-fitted (eg eye bolts, welded lugs, beam clamps, etc) and tested. You can’t just use any solid structural beam on site.

f) None of the above are correct. Q9. According to Australian Standard AS 1891.4, at what intervals must a competent person

inspect a harness and lanyard (for fitting inspection tags and documentation purposes)? --------------------------- months Q10. According to AS1891.1, what is the maximum possible lifespan of

a harness and lanyard? --------------------------- years Q11. True or False To climb and work on tower structures, you must have a riggers ticket (ie a ‘basic rigger’ ticket) [ ] True [ ] False

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Q12. Study the photos carefully. Indicate the harness you believe is most suited for tower climbing/work. Your instructor will ask you to explain your answer.

[ ] A

[ ] B

[ ] C

Single D ring connector at rear

[ ] G

[ ] D

[ ] F [ ] E

D ring connector at rear

D ring connector at rear

D ring connector at rear

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Q13. Study the photos carefully. Each photo shows an inspection tag placed on a harness. Choose

the photo you believe indicates an appropriate position for a tag (there may be more than one answer). You will be required to explain your answer. You will be required to explain your answer.

[ ] A

[ ] B [ ] C

[ ] D [ ] E

[ ] F

Tag

Wrap-around tag

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LANYARDS Q14. Study the photos carefully. Answer the question in the box provided. Q15. Study the photo carefully. Write your answer in the box provided:

What is the name and purpose of this part of the lanyard? ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

What is the name and purpose of this component? ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

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How much will your lanyard increase in length if you fall? _________?

How much rope will slip through the friction plate if you fall? _________?

Q16. The following question refers to how lanyards react in a free-fall event. Assume that the

worker is 100 kg mass. Study the diagrams and then answer the questions in the space provided:

Tear-web style lanyard

Rips apart

Friction plate style lanyard

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Q17. Choose the photo which shows the correct method of using a double hook lanyard with a friction plate energy absorber: [Note: Assume the step bolts are solid]

Explain your answer: __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ [ ] B

[ ] A

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Q18. Choose the photo whichs shows the correct way to use a hook (assume the step bolts are solid):

Explain your answer: _________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________

Q19. Choose the photo which indicates the stronger way to use a sling (assume there are no sharp edges):

Explain your answer: _________________________________________________________

[ ] A [ ] B

[ ] A [ ] B

Up

Down

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Q20. Study the photos carefully. Which photo indicates the correct way to attach a lanyard to your harness for tower climbing purposes? Indicate the photo and then explain your answer…

What do you think: Front attachment OR Rear attachment? You must explain your answer: ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Q21. True or False.

Double lanyards used for tower climbing must be as long as possible, with each leg of the lanyard being the full two (2) metres in length. Shorter lanyards are not suitable.

[ ] True [ ] False

Explain your answer: ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Front attachment

Rear attachment

[ ] Front [ ] Rear

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Q22. Study the photos of the double hook (ie twin-tail) lanyards carefully. In 2004, a worker fell to his death due to catastrophic lanyard failure. Choose the lanyard design that you think might be susceptible to catastrophic failure under certain loading profiles. There may be more than one answer. Your instructor will ask you why you chose a particular answer.

[ ] A [ ] B

[ ] C [ ] D

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Q23. Study the photos carefully. Choose the photo that shows the most correct way to attach a hook Connector to the tower structure:

[ ] A [ ] B

[ ] C [ ] D

Force downward Force downward

Force downward

Force downward

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CLIMBING TECHNIQUES Q24. Study the following photos carefully. List two advantages & potential risks associated with

each method of climbing a fixed ladder.

24.2 Advantages? 1. ________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ 2. ________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ Potential risks? 1. ________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ 2. ________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________

24.1 Advantages? 1. ________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ 2. ________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ Potential risks? 1. ________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ 2. ________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________

A

B Cable fall-arrest device

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Q25. Study the photos carefully then answer each of the questions below: PHOTO A: 25a. What type of fall protection system is the climber using in photo A?

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

25b. Provide an example when this particular method could be used on a tower…

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

PHOTO B: 25c. What type of fall protection system is the climber using in photo B?

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

25d. Provide an example when this particular method could be used on a tower…

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

A B

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Q26. Study the photo carefully, then answer the questions. Advantages: 1. _________________________________________________________________________ 2. _________________________________________________________________________ Disadvantages: 1. _________________________________________________________________________ 2. _________________________________________________________________________

26.1 What type of fall protection system is the worker using? a. Free climbing b. Positioning system c. Fixed rope climbing d. Fall-arrest e. Travel restraint f. None of the above

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Q27. What is the difference between a fall-arrest system and a positioning system in terms of

working on a tower? Define the terms Fall-arrest system & Positioning system. Your answers must be clear and easily distinguished from each other…

27.1 Fall Arrest System:

Definition: _________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ ……………

27.2 Positioning System (also known as ‘work positioning’)

Definition: ________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________

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CONNECTORS Q28. Study the photos carefully then answer the questions.

28.6 What does EN 362 mean? ___________________________________________________________________________

28.5 What does CE mean? ___________________________________________________________________________

28.7 What does 25kN mean? ___________________________________________________________________________

28.2 What is this part? ___________________________________________________________________________

28.3 What is this part & what is its purpose? ___________________________________________________________________________

28.1 What is this part and how does it work? ___________________________________________________________________________

28.4 What is this part? __________________________________________________

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Q29. The ‘27’ symbol stamped on the spine of carabiner indicates: (choose the most correct

answer):

a. The average force that the carabiner will sustain without breaking is 2.7 metric tons b. The Safe Working Load (SWL) of the carabiner is 27000 Newtons c. The Working Load Limit (WLL) of the carabiner is 27 kilonewtons d. The ultimate strength of the carabiner is 27 kN (when loaded along the spine) e. None of the above are correct

Q30. Study the diagrams carefully. Which of the diagrams indicates the correct method of loading

a carabiner?

[ ] A [ ] B [ ] C

Explain your answer: ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Q31. What is the lifespan of a carabiner (ie at what age would you retire it)? ____________________________________________________________

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Q32. Study the photos carefully. Each photo shows a different method of attaching a lanyard to a harness. Choose the photo you think indicates the most secure connective option. You must explain your answer.

Explain your answer: _______________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________

[ ] A

[ ] B

[ ] C

[ ] D

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FALL-ARRESTERS Q33. Study the photos carefully. You are required to climb a fixed ladder to access the work

position high up a tower. There is a Steel Wire Rope (SWR) cable installed which runs the entire length of the ladder. You have been issued with a fall-arrester which can attach to the cable. Answer the following questions:

Q33.1 Which photo shows the correct method of climbing a fixed ladder with a cable fall-arrester? [ ] A [ ] B Explain your answer: _________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ Q33.2 True or False.

The diameter of cable is unimportant – a fall arrester will work on any diameter cable. [ ] True [ ] False Explain your answer: _________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ Q33.3 True or False.

A fall-arrester will lock in any direction, there is no up/down orientation. [ ] True [ ] False Explain your answer: _________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________

A B

Cable diameter = 8mm 2.0m Lanyard with shock absorber

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RESCUE TECHNIQUES Q34. Study the photo carefully. The rescuer reached his current position by climbing from the

ground. Answer the questions in the space indicated:

34.1 How did the rescuer manage to climb past the patient without unnecessary risk to himself?

34.4 Why did the rescuer take the rope bag with him?

34.2 What is the purpose of this sling?

Patient

Rescuer

34.3 How will the rescuer get the unconscious patient to the ground without the assistance of anyone? (ie by what method?)

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Q35. Study the photos carefully. A rescue procedure is being carried out. Answer the questions in the space provided: (Keep in mind that all rescues from height involve some form of risk!)

35.1 The rescuer is about to cut the patients pole strap (work positioning lanyard). List at least 2 risks/benefits associated with cutting the patient free: RISKS: 1. _________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________ 2. _________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________ BENEFITS: 1. _________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________ 2. _________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________

35.2 The rescuer is abseiling with the patient to reach safe ground. List at least 2 risks/benefits associated with an abseil rescue procedure: RISKS: 1. _________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________ 2. _________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________ BENEFITS: 1. _________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________ 2. _________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________

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Q36. True or False Under current legislation, there is no requirement for tower workers to be capable of

initiating a rescue procedure. If there is an accident and a worker is suspended, it is sufficient to call 000 and wait for the State Emergency Service (SES) to arrive.

[ ] True [ ] False

Explain your answer: _________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________

Q37. True or False A tower climber who has fallen and is suspended in his harness will suffer no ill effects from

hanging. There is no need to act quickly to get the patient down. [ ] True [ ] False

Explain your answer: _________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________

ABSEILING SKILLS Q38. Indicate the photo which indicates potential risk factors during an abseil descent?

Explain your answer: ________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________

[ ] A [ ] B

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Q39. Study the photo carefully. The worker is performing an abseil descent with a patient.

Explain your answer: _________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________

Why is this person holding this part of the rope while abseiling?

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Q40. Study the photo carefully. The worker is performing an abseil descent with a patient. The

combined weight of the rescuer + patient = 200kg. Why has the rescuer re-routed the abseil rope through a carabiner? Explain your answer.

Explain your answer: _________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________

Why has the rescuer re-routed the abseil rope through a carabiner?

Petzl ID descending device

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RISK MANAGEMENT Q41. What does each letter represent in the following series (in terms of safety checks for working

at height including rescues)?

A __________________________________________

B __________________________________________

C __________________________________________

D __________________________________________

E __________________________________________ Q42. List at least three (3) reasons why a synthetic fibre rope should be retired.

1. _______________________________________________________________________

2. _______________________________________________________________________

3. _______________________________________________________________________ Q43. The concept of risk has two elements. List the two elements:

(i) _________________________________________________

(ii) _________________________________________________ Q44. True or False According to Australian Standards, PPE for tower climbing only needs to be checked and

tagged once by a competent inspector every six months. No other checks are required and work can continue on a daily basis until the next six monthly check is due.

[ ] True [ ] False

Explain your answer: ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

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Q45. Why is the tower worker in this photo pausing near the ground before climbing up the fixed

ladder?

Explain your answer: ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

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Q46. Study the photos carefully. Each photo depicts a particular configuration of hardware

attached to the front of the harness. Choose the photo you believe indicates the preferred method of attaching connective hardware. Explain your answer.

Explain your answer: ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

[ ] A [ ] B

[ ] C [ ] D

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Q47. Study the photos carefully. This depicts a team rescue scenario on a tower structure. Explain what is going on in the photo including the different roles of each person in the rescue team. Assume there is an anti-climbing barrier surrounding the base of the tower structure (eg ‘crown-of-thorns’ or fence type barriers).

Explain your answer: ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________

Patient

What is this person’s role?

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Q48. Study the photos carefully. Two (2) different end terminations are depicted. List at least one

risk and one key benefit for each design.

48.1 Permanently terminated end RISK: 1. _______________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________ BENEFIT 1. _______________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________

48.2 Hand tied end termination RISK: 1. _______________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________ BENEFIT 1. _______________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________

Permanently formed end termination

What is the name of this knot?

Minimum tail length? ______ mm

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WORKING ON SITE: MECHANICAL ADVANTAGE Q49. Study the photos carefully. You are tasked with installing a dish antenna on the tower structure. Sketch how you would setup a mechanical advantage system to hoist the dish into position. Assume that you have vehicle access to the base of the tower.

Supporting explanation: ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________

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Final score ______ Student statement: I declare that I completed this exam paper without the assistance of others. My answers represent my own work and not the work of someone else. I realise that I may owe a duty of care to others and that my knowledge and skill may be critical in working safely on towers. I further acknowledge and accept that I must comply with WH&S legislation (eg Work Health & Safety Act in Qld, Australia) at my workplace and there are severe penalties for non-compliance. Note: ‘Safely’ is defined as the lowest achievable level of risk for the task Student signature: _________________________________ Date: ____________

Tower climbing diagnostic exam VER 3.9 02/Feb/2012 Page 33 of 33