towards participatory approaches to a multiscale european soil information system nicola filippi,...
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Towards participatory approaches to a Multiscale European Soil Information System
Nicola Filippi, Panagos Panos, Borut Vrscaj
EUROPEAN COMMISSIONJOINT RESEARCH CENTRE
Institute for Environment and Sustainability
First Workshop on European Reference Grids (EuroGrid-2003)
1. RATIONALE OF THE PROJECT1. RATIONALE OF THE PROJECT
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BGR
INRA
SSLRC
CSIC
NJ OS
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ALTERRA
CSES
A network of Centres of Excellence in Soil Science
Soil data
ESB Network 1:1M Soil Database
1. Rationale of the Project1. Rationale of the Project
Extension of the1:1M Soil Databaseto the Russian Federationand the Mediterranean
Polygon Attribute Table
TEXT...
n, 1
n, n
1, n
1, 1
......
1
1
2
3
4
3
314
10
1314
13
1412
1011
10
10 11
1
1
2
3
3
3
4...AREA... SMU
SMU
STU Attributes
SMU STU STU SOIL
STU.ORG
SMU 4
SMU 3
SMU 2
SMU 1
SMU Attributes
- composed of STU 13 and 14- geometrically defined by 3 polygons
(which also is part of SMU 1)- composed of STU 10- geometrically defined by 1 polygon
- composed of STU 12- geometrically defined by 1 polygon
- composed of STU 10 and 11- geometrically defined by 2 polygons
PEDOLOGICAL LANDSCAPE
SPATIALIZED DATABASE
INFORMATION ORGANIZATION IN THE SOIL GEOGRAPHICAL DATABASE OF EUROPE
AREA
101 11 70
1234
13
3
1233
101214
1013
3010065
10035
11121314
1234
4
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Soil1. Rationale of the project1. Rationale of the project
Soil Geographical Database of Europe
World Soil and Terrain Database
Soil Monitoring Sites
Catchment Information System
FAO
EU
Member States
Regions
Communes
Global assessments
Precision farming
1 : 5,000,000
1 : 1,000,000
1 : 250,000
1 : 50,000
1 : 5000
Different scales give answers to different questions
1. Rationale of the project1. Rationale of the project
Georeferenced Soil Database of Europe
Towards a nested European soil information system
1. Rationale of the project1. Rationale of the project
Multiple functions of soil
• Food and other biomass production
• Storage, filtering, and transformation
• Habitat and gene pool
• Physical and cultural environment for mankind
• Source of raw materials
Monitoring Agriculture with Remote Sensing programme enhanced the European 1:1M Soil Database
1. Rationale of the Project1. Rationale of the Project
• Erosion• Decline in organic matter • Soil contamination• Soil sealing• Soil compaction• Decline in soil biodiversity• Salinisation• Floods and landslides
http://europa.eu.int/comm/environment/agriculture/soil_protection.htm
Threats to soil as identified in COM(2002) 179‘Towards a Thematic Strategy for Soil Protection’
1. Rationale for the Project1. Rationale for the Project
Advisory Forum
Chair DG ENV
Stakeholders meetings
Chair DG ENV
TWG 1Monitoring
TWG 2Erosion
TWG 3Organic matter
TWG 4Contamination
ISWG = Interservice Working GroupTWG = Technical Working Group
Commission ISWG Chair DG ENV
Technical co-ordination group and secretariat Chair DG ENV
TWG5Research
Soil Policy Development Organisational Set-up
2. WHY A GRID?2. WHY A GRID?
Soil Geographical Database Soil Monitoring Sampling points
What is a grid?A network of lines that cross over each other:
- to make a set of pixels - to locate points
SPACE TIME The futureEuropean System of Soil Data
Reasons for shifting to grid (pixels)
1. End users are mostly using grid data
2. Copyright issues are simpler
3. Updating and maintenance is simplified
4. Implementing the Nested European Soil Database is facilitated
2. Why a grid?2. Why a grid?
3. MAJOR CARACTERISTICS OF THE GRIDSHow to increase the integration among existing grids?
3. MAJOR CARACTERISTICS OF THE GRIDSHow to increase the integration among existing grids?
National Soil Monitoring
National Soil Surveys
Reporting policy relevant soil data aggregated by administrative units
EU Soil Monitoring(ICP Forest+LUCAS,etc.)
Georeferenced Soil Database for Europe
Soil Mapping Unit
(Soilscape)
Normalised Statistical Unit
Towards future flow of soil information in Europe
0
0,5
1
1,5
2
2,5
3
3,5
4
4,5
5
EUROPE
SQMN
Soil2 x CLC2 combinations
Rel
ativ
e F
requ
ency
ComparisonStatistics for all EuropeStatistics for grid points
Soil
Land cover
Grid
4. Does the grid meet our needs?4. Does the grid meet our needs?
Organic Carbon (%) No Data 0 - 1 1 - 2 2 - 5 5 - 10 10 - 25 25 - 35 > 35
Organic Carbon Content Data sourcesSoil typeLand coverTemperature
Rasterization Spatial layers derived by rasterization of a Triangulated Irregular Network (TIN) model with weighted distance interpolation
Soil typeTemperature
5. LINK YOUR PROJECT WITH OTHER DATA(raster layers of 1km grid size)
5. LINK YOUR PROJECT WITH OTHER DATA(raster layers of 1km grid size)
Temperature
SOIL DATASOIL DATA
POLYGON : IN RASTER FORM / GRIDS vector
PONT : SAMPLING IN REGULAR or RANDOM LOCATIONS
Temperature
TYPES OF SOIL DATATYPES OF SOIL DATA
Soil MapsVECTOR THEMATIC MAP – RASTER DATA;
GRIDED DATA
Soil Profiles POINT - RANDOM
Soil Pollution… various monitoring prj.POINT - REGULAR GRID
datasets
1 – RANDOM - REPRESENTATIVE SAMPLING Soil profiles
chemical & physical soil properties(CONTINUOUS PROCESS)
Temperature
SAMPLING SOILS – SOIL MONITORINGSAMPLING SOILS – SOIL MONITORING
2 – REGULAR GRID SAMPLING
MANY? national soil monitoring projects •Pollution (heavy metals, pesticides…)
SAMPLING SOILS – REGULAR GRID SAMPLING SOILS – REGULAR GRID
EXAMPLE:Monitoring soil pollution in Slovenia: •4x4km predefined sampling points,regular grid•National projection: Gaus-Krueger, 5th zone, Bessel…
Standard report - 1st page Location data
Interpreted location data - heavy metals in soil
SAMPLING SOILS – REGULAR GRID SAMPLING SOILS – REGULAR GRID
Sampling pattern Sampling depths
Example:
Temperature
SAMPLING SOILS IN REGULAR GRIDSAMPLING SOILS IN REGULAR GRID
Raster processing of data SAMPLED IN REGULAR GRID
geostatistics ……merging with vector derived data – properties… …evaluation…
state of the environment…
Zn in soil (0-5cm)
Areas of warning concentrations
Areas of critical concentrations
Temperature
RASTER PROCESSING OF VECTOR DATARASTER PROCESSING OF VECTOR DATA
RASTER PROCESSING
GRIDS!Many advantages
MODELLINGPollution, Soil SealingErosion, Land Use, Flood risk…
Soil data and: -EO / RS data; -DEM & DEM derived; -Weather; -Lithology-Land-use;-….
Temperature
GRID PROCESSING OF VECTOR DATA IGRID PROCESSING OF VECTOR DATA I
EXAMPLE:
RASTERISED SOIL MAP: 3D RASTER MODELLING
Temperature
GRID PROCESSING OF VECTOR DATA IGRID PROCESSING OF VECTOR DATA I
MODELLING:
IMPROVING SOIL DATA:
GEOGRAPHIC
SEMANTIC ?!?
Temperature
WHERE TO MEETWHERE TO MEET
VARIOUS SOIL DATA: •DATA OF VECTOR ORIGIN•POINT - SAMPLING IN REGULAR GRID•POINT - SAMPLING IN RANDOM GRID
RECOMMENDATION?:
TO PROCESS SOIL DATA AND
NON-SOIL REGULAR GRID BASED DATA
IN A RASTER FORMAT
?
Temperature
WHERE TO MEETWHERE TO MEET
Thank You
Soil inventories Soil monitoring
SPACE TIMENational soil surveys
MAJOR CARACTERISTICS OF THE GRIDSHow to increase the integration among existing grids?
3. How to increase the integration among existing grids?3. How to increase the integration among existing grids?
Soil x Land-Cover Europe Grid-points Bd x 31 4.9% 5.2% Lo x 21 3.8% 4.0% Be x 21 3.0% 3.2% Bk x 23 2.6% 2.8% … …
0
0,5
1
1,5
2
2,5
3
3,5
4
4,5
5
5,5
Europe
S.Q.M.N.
Soil2 x CLC2 Combinations
Rel
ativ
e fr
eque
ncy
Comparison of the frequencies of distributions
Soil x Corine Land Cover
Rela
tive f
requ
enci
es
All EuropeGrid-points
4. Does the grid meet our needs?4. Does the grid meet our needs?